Charging method, energy storage power supply, control device and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a charging method, an energy storage power supply, a control device and a medium. The charging method comprises the steps that after a battery cell is overdischarged, a repairing strategy is executed, and the repairing strategy comprises the following steps carried out in sequence: charging the battery cell to a lower limit voltage by adopting a first constant charging parameter; adopting a second constant charging parameter to charge the battery core to a first voltage which is greater than the lower limit voltage; a third constant charging parameter is adopted to charge the battery core to a second voltage, and the second voltage is larger than the first voltage; wherein the third constant charging parameter is larger than the second constant charging parameter, the second constant charging parameter is larger than the first constant charging parameter, and the third constant charging parameter is smaller than the normal charging parameter of the battery cell. According to the method, the constant charging parameters which are gradually increased are adopted to charge the battery cell, so that the over-discharged battery cell can be repaired in the charging process, and the charging safety of the over-discharged battery cell is improved to a certain extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of energy storage devices, and particularly relates to a charging method, an energy storage power supply, a control device, and a medium. Background Art

[0002] With the enrichment of outdoor life and the increasingly wide demand for outdoor electricity, portable power supplies have been widely used in emergency rescue, medical rescue, outdoor camping, outdoor operations, offshore fishing, aquaculture, household backup power supplies, etc. In related technologies, when the battery pack of an energy storage power supply is over-discharged, the active substances of the positive and negative electrodes will be damaged. However, if directly charged with a normal large-current charging strategy, lithium plating may occur in the battery cells, thus causing safety risks. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Embodiments of the present invention provide a charging method, an energy storage power supply, a control device, and a medium to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] A charging method provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0005] After the battery cell is over-discharged, a repair strategy is executed, and the repair strategy includes the steps performed in the following order:

[0006] 1) Charge the battery cell to a lower limit voltage using a first constant charging parameter;

[0007] 2) Charge the battery cell to a first voltage using a second constant charging parameter, where the first voltage is greater than the lower limit voltage;

[0008] 3) Charge the battery cell to a second voltage using a third constant charging parameter, where the second voltage is greater than the first voltage;

[0009] Wherein, the third constant charging parameter is greater than the second constant charging parameter, the second constant charging parameter is greater than the first constant charging parameter, and the third constant charging parameter is less than the normal charging parameter of the battery cell.

[0010] In the above charging method, the battery cell is charged using gradually increasing constant charging parameters, so that the over-discharged battery cell can be repaired during the charging process, and the charging safety of the over-discharged battery cell can be improved to a certain extent.

[0011] In some embodiments, the charging parameter includes a current parameter or a power parameter.

[0012] In the above charging method, different charging parameters can be used to charge the battery cell.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first constant charging parameter is 0.01C to 0.05C, or 0.01P to 0.05P;

[0014] the second constant charging parameter is 0.05C to 0.1C, or 0.05P to 0.1P;

[0015] the third constant charging parameter is 0.1C to 0.2C, or 0.1P to 0.2P.

[0016] In the above charging method, by charging the battery cell with stepped charging parameters, the over-discharged battery cell can be repaired and activated with a small current.

[0017] In some embodiments, the first voltage is the voltage corresponding to 10% to 30% of the full charge of the battery cell, and / or the second voltage is the full charge voltage of the battery cell.

[0018] In the above charging method, the charging process can be optimized to reduce unnecessary energy loss and battery cell damage to a certain extent.

[0019] In some embodiments, after step 3), the charging method further includes the step of:

[0020] 4) After the battery cell is left standing for a preset duration, controlling the battery cell to discharge to the lower limit voltage with a constant discharge parameter.

[0021] In the above charging method, it can prepare for the battery cell to execute the repair strategy or normal charging again.

[0022] In some embodiments, the constant discharge parameter is greater than the third constant charging parameter.

[0023] In the above charging method, the discharge time can be reduced while ensuring the discharge effect to a certain extent.

[0024] In some embodiments, after step 4), the charging method includes: executing step 2) to step 3) again once; or;

[0025] repeating step 2) to step 4) at least once, and then executing step 2) to step 3) once.

[0026] In the above charging method, the capacity loss of the battery cell caused by over-discharge can be repaired to a large extent.

[0027] In some embodiments, the constant discharge parameter is 0.1C to 0.3C, or 0.1P to 0.3P.

[0028] In the above charging method, the battery cell is discharged with relatively small discharge parameters, which can, to a certain extent, avoid excessive voltage fluctuations of the battery cell and damage to the battery cell caused by over-discharge.

[0029] In some embodiments, the charging method further includes:

[0030] When the battery cell is not over-discharged, a conventional charging strategy is executed, and the conventional charging strategy includes the following steps:

[0031] The battery cell is charged using the normal charging parameters.

[0032] In the above charging method, when the battery cell is not over-discharged, a conventional charging strategy is executed to maintain the normal operation of the battery cell.

[0033] An energy storage power supply provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a control device, a battery cell, and an inverter. The control device is electrically connected to the battery cell and the inverter, and the control device is configured to:

[0034] After the battery cell is over-discharged, a repair strategy is executed, and the repair strategy includes the steps carried out in the following order:

[0035] 1) Using a first constant charging parameter, controlling the inverter to charge the battery cell to a lower limit voltage;

[0036] 2) Using a second constant charging parameter, controlling the inverter to charge the battery cell to a first voltage, where the first voltage is greater than the lower limit voltage;

[0037] 3) Using a third constant charging parameter, controlling the inverter to charge the battery cell to a second voltage, where the second voltage is greater than the first voltage;

[0038] Wherein, the third constant charging parameter is greater than the second constant charging parameter, the second constant charging parameter is greater than the first constant charging parameter, and the third constant charging parameter is less than the normal charging parameter of the battery cell.

[0039] In the above energy storage power supply, the battery cell is charged using gradually increasing constant charging parameters, so that the over-discharged battery cell can be repaired during the charging process, and the charging safety of the over-discharged battery cell can be improved to a certain extent.

[0040] A control device provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a processor and a memory;

[0041] The memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of the charging method described in any of the above embodiments are implemented.

[0042] An energy storage power supply provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes the control device described in the above embodiment.

[0043] A computer-readable storage medium provided by an embodiment of the present invention stores a computer program thereon. It is characterized in that when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the charging method described in any of the above embodiments are implemented.

[0044] Additional aspects and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, become apparent in part from the following description, or be understood through the practice of the present invention. Description of the Drawings

[0045] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and be readily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, where:

[0046] Figures 1 to 3 is a schematic flowchart of the charging method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the modules of the energy storage power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Description of the main element reference numerals:

[0049] Energy storage power supply - 100, battery pack - 10, battery cell - 11, battery management system - 30, inverter - 50, control device - 70, processor - 71, memory - 72. Detailed Embodiments

[0050] The following describes in detail the embodiments of the present invention. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for explaining the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0051] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0052] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "mounted", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. It may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. It may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. It may be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0053] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may include the direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the situation where the first and second features are not in direct contact but in contact through other features between them. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is lower than that of the second feature.

[0054] The present disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the present invention. To simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and settings of specific examples are described herein. Of course, they are only examples and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and / or reference letters in different examples. Such repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity, and does not itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed. In addition, the present invention provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but those of ordinary skill in the art may be aware of the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0055] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 , a charging method provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0056] After the battery cell 11 is over-discharged, a repair strategy is executed. The repair strategy includes steps carried out in the following order:

[0057] 1) Charge the battery cell 11 to the lower limit voltage by using a first constant charging parameter;

[0058] 2) Charge the battery cell 11 to a first voltage by using a second constant charging parameter, where the first voltage is greater than the lower limit voltage;

[0059] 3) Charge the battery cell 11 to a second voltage by using a third constant charging parameter, where the second voltage is greater than the first voltage;

[0060] Among them, the third constant charging parameter is greater than the second constant charging parameter, the second constant charging parameter is greater than the first constant charging parameter, and the third constant charging parameter is less than the normal charging parameter of the battery cell 11.

[0061] In the above charging method, the battery cell 11 is charged with gradually increasing constant charging parameters, so that the over-discharged battery cell 11 can be repaired during the charging process, and the charging safety of the over-discharged battery cell 11 can be improved to a certain extent.

[0062] Optionally, in an embodiment, a plurality of battery cells 11 can form a battery pack 10. The battery pack 10 is formed by connecting a plurality of battery cells 11 in series, parallel or in a combination of series and parallel, and is used for storing and releasing electric energy. A combination of series and parallel means that there are both parallel and series connections among a plurality of battery cells 11.

[0063] The battery cell 11 can be applied to devices using the battery cell 11, including but not limited to an energy storage power supply 100, etc. The charging method can be applied to charged devices including but not limited to an energy storage power supply 100, etc. For the convenience of description, in the following embodiments of the charging method, the application of the battery cell 11 to the energy storage power supply 100 is taken as an example to illustrate the present invention. Optionally, the battery pack 10 is located inside the housing of the energy storage power supply 100. The energy storage power supply 100 further includes an inverter 50 and a battery management system 30 (BMS, Battery Management System), and the battery management system 30, the inverter 50 and the battery cell 11 are electrically connected.

[0064] The inverter 50 is used to convert the direct current (DC) stored in the battery pack 10 into alternating current (AC). During the charging process, the external power supply inputs electric energy into the battery pack 10 through wires and sockets, and converts the electric energy into chemical energy and stores it in the battery cell 11. During the discharging process, the battery cell 11 converts the stored chemical energy into direct current electric energy, and the inverter 50 converts the direct current output by the battery pack 10 into alternating current for external devices to use.

[0065] The battery management system 30 is a management system of the energy storage power supply 100, and is used to monitor, control and protect the safe and stable operation of the battery pack 10. During the charging and discharging processes, the battery management system 30 monitors the state of the battery pack 10 and outputs corresponding control instructions to ensure the safe and stable operation of the battery pack 10.

[0066] The voltage of the battery cell 11 has a normal operating range. When the battery cell 11 is in a normal state, the battery management system 30 will protect the upper limit voltage and the lower limit voltage of the battery cell 11 to avoid overcharging and over-discharging. Optionally, the upper limit voltage of the battery cell 11, i.e., the full charge voltage, refers to the highest safe voltage that the battery cell 11 can withstand during the charging process. The lower limit voltage of the battery cell 11, i.e., the discharge lower limit voltage, refers to the lowest safe voltage that the battery cell 11 can withstand during the discharging process. In one example, the upper limit voltage of the lithium iron phosphate battery cell 11 is 3.6V, and the lower limit voltage is 2.5V; the upper limit voltage of the ternary lithium battery cell 11 is 2.8V, and the lower limit voltage is 4.2V.

[0067] When the battery cell 11 discharges while supplying power externally, if the discharge exceeds the lower limit voltage of the battery cell 11, the battery cell 11 is in an over-discharged state, that is, the battery cell 11 continues to discharge after discharging the internally stored power, which may lead to, including but not limited to, damage to the active materials of the positive and negative electrodes inside the battery cell 11, oxidation and decomposition of the SEI film (solid electrolyte interface) on the surface of the negative electrode graphite, an increase in the internal resistance of the battery cell 11, etc., and further cause the battery cell 11 to fail to work properly.

[0068] In related technologies, some unreasonable usage methods, failures of control components, self-discharge of the battery itself, etc. may all cause over-discharge of the battery cell. For example, after the battery pack is used and the power is low, if it is stored for a long time without recharging, the battery will self-discharge, resulting in over-discharge of the battery cell; or the BMS protection board of the battery pack fails, causing the power supply to be unable to shut down, and the internal components will consume power from the battery pack, resulting in over-discharge of the battery cell; or when the battery pack is connected to photovoltaic charging, the system is in an active state, but due to the weak photovoltaic current signal, the power consumption of the system is greater than the charging amount, resulting in over-discharge of the battery cell. After the battery cell is over-discharged, the active materials of the positive and negative electrodes will be damaged. Charging with a normal large current charging strategy directly may cause lithium plating on the battery cell, thus causing a safety risk. Therefore, after the battery cell has been over-discharged, it is necessary to perform repair charging on the battery cell until the battery cell returns to the normal operating voltage and the chemical characteristics are normal before it can be used continuously.

[0069] In the embodiments of the present invention, please refer to Figure 1 , when the battery management system 30 identifies that the voltage of the battery cell 11 is lower than the lower limit voltage, it can be determined that the battery cell 11 is in an over-discharged state. Therefore, a repair strategy is executed to perform repair charging on the battery cell 11, that is, through a step control strategy, the over-discharged battery cell 11 is activated using a trickle current (i.e., a small current), so that the battery cell 11 can recover the capacitance lost due to over-discharge.

[0070] When the voltage of the battery cell 11 is lower than the lower limit voltage, the first constant charging parameter is adopted to pre-charge the battery cell 11 to the lower limit voltage, so as to effectively repair the damaged electrode (such as repairing the active material, re-establishing the SEI film, etc.), so that lithium ions can be freely inserted and extracted between the positive and negative electrodes during subsequent charge and discharge of the battery cell 11.

[0071] After the battery cell 11 is pre-charged (charged with the first constant charging parameter), the battery cell 11 can withstand a larger current for faster charging. Therefore, the constant charging parameter can be increased step by step, which can improve the charging time while ensuring the charging effect to a certain extent. That is, the second constant charging parameter is adopted to charge the battery cell 11 to the first voltage, where the second constant charging parameter is greater than the first constant charging parameter, and the first voltage is greater than the lower limit voltage.

[0072] Subsequently, the third constant charging parameter is adopted to charge the battery cell 11 to the second voltage, where the third constant charging parameter is greater than the second constant charging parameter and less than the normal charging parameter, and the second voltage is greater than the first voltage, so that the charging speed can be further increased while ensuring the charging effect to a certain extent.

[0073] After the above steps, the over-discharged battery cell 11 can be repaired to a certain extent, and the charging safety of the over-discharged battery cell 11 can be improved, so that the battery cell 11 can work normally.

[0074] It can be understood that when the battery cell 11 is not in an over-discharged state, when charging the battery cell 11, the battery cell 11 is charged with the normal charging parameter. It can be understood that the normal charging parameter of the battery cell 11 refers to the charging parameter corresponding to the voltage between the upper limit voltage and the lower limit voltage of the battery cell 11. That is, during this process, the battery cell 11 can be safely and efficiently charged through a normal large current, and stable chemical reactions can occur inside the battery cell 11.

[0075] For the over-discharged battery cell 11, if the charging current is too large, lithium ions inside the battery cell 11 may not be able to be inserted into the negative electrode material in time, resulting in the deposition of metallic lithium on the surface of the negative electrode, that is, the phenomenon of lithium plating occurs, thereby reducing the performance of the battery cell 11 and even causing safety problems. Therefore, the first constant charging parameter, the second constant charging parameter, and the third constant charging parameter are adopted for charging. The third constant charging parameter is greater than the second constant charging parameter, the second constant charging parameter is greater than the first constant charging parameter, and the third constant charging parameter is less than the normal charging parameter of the battery cell 11. By charging with the above step-by-step small current, the charging rate can be slowed down, and the risk of lithium plating can be reduced to a certain extent, thereby protecting the health of the battery cell 11.

[0076] Optionally, the first constant charging parameter, the second constant charging parameter, and the third constant charging parameter can be specifically defined according to the actual situation, and the present invention does not make specific limitations on this.

[0077] In some embodiments, the charging parameter includes a current parameter or a power parameter.

[0078] Thus, different charging parameters can be used to charge the battery cell 11.

[0079] Specifically, in one embodiment, the charging parameter includes a current parameter, and the current parameter is used to represent the magnitude of the current of the battery cell 11 during the charging process. The battery cell 11 is charged with a constant current parameter, that is, the battery cell 11 is charged with a constant current magnitude.

[0080] When the battery management system 30 identifies that the voltage of the battery cell 11 is lower than the lower limit voltage, it determines that the battery cell 11 is in an over-discharged state. Therefore, a repair strategy is executed to repair and charge the battery cell 11. First, the battery cell 11 is charged to the lower limit voltage with a first constant current parameter; then, the battery cell 11 is charged to a first voltage with a second constant current parameter, and the first voltage is greater than the lower limit voltage; thereafter, the battery cell 11 is charged to a second voltage with a third constant current parameter, and the second voltage is greater than the first voltage. Among them, the third constant current parameter is greater than the second constant current parameter, the second constant current parameter is greater than the first constant current parameter, and the third constant current parameter is less than the normal current parameter of the battery cell 11.

[0081] In one embodiment, the charging parameter includes a power parameter, and the power parameter is used to represent the power conversion efficiency of the battery during the charging process, that is, the magnitude of the electrical energy received by the battery cell 11 per unit time. The battery cell 11 is charged with a constant power parameter, that is, the battery cell 11 is charged with a constant power magnitude.

[0082] When the battery management system 30 identifies that the voltage of the battery cell 11 is lower than the lower limit voltage, it determines that the battery cell 11 is in an over-discharged state. Therefore, a repair strategy is executed to repair and charge the battery cell 11. First, the battery cell 11 is charged to the lower limit voltage with a first constant power parameter; then, the battery cell 11 is charged to a first voltage with a second constant power parameter, and the first voltage is greater than the lower limit voltage; thereafter, the battery cell 11 is charged to a second voltage with a third constant power parameter, and the second voltage is greater than the first voltage. Among them, the third constant power parameter is greater than the second constant power parameter, the second constant power parameter is greater than the first constant power parameter, and the third constant power parameter is less than the normal power parameter of the battery cell 11.

[0083] In some embodiments, the first constant charging parameter is 0.01C to 0.05C, or 0.01P to 0.05P; the second constant charging parameter is 0.05C to 0.1C, or 0.05P to 0.1P; the third constant charging parameter is 0.1C to 0.2C, or 0.1P to 0.2P.

[0084] Thus, by charging the battery cell 11 with stepped charging parameters, the over-discharged battery cell 11 can be repaired and activated with a small current.

[0085] Specifically, in one embodiment, when the voltage of the battery cell 11 is lower than the lower limit voltage, a first constant charging parameter, i.e., a constant current of 0.01C to 0.05C, is used to pre-charge the battery cell 11 to the lower limit voltage, so as to effectively repair the damaged electrode, enabling lithium ions to freely intercalate and deintercalate between the positive and negative electrodes during subsequent charge and discharge processes of the battery cell 11. Herein, C is the charging current rate. In an example, when charging the 10Ah battery cell 11, 1C = 10A and 0.01C = 0.1A.

[0086] After the battery cell 11 is pre-charged, the battery cell 11 can withstand a larger current for relatively fast charging. Therefore, the constant charging parameter can be increased step by step, which can reduce the charging time while ensuring the charging effect to a certain extent. That is, a second constant charging parameter, i.e., a constant current of 0.05C to 0.1C, is used to charge the battery cell 11 to a first voltage, where the first voltage is greater than the lower limit voltage.

[0087] Subsequently, a third constant charging parameter, i.e., a constant current of 0.1C to 0.2C, is used to charge the battery cell 11 to a second voltage, where the second voltage is greater than the first voltage, thereby further accelerating the charging speed while ensuring the charging effect to a certain extent.

[0088] Optionally, in one embodiment, the first constant charging parameter is A1, and 0.01C ≤ A1 ≤ 0.05C. In an example, A1 = 0.01C, 0.015C, 0.02C, 0.025C, 0.03C, 0.035C, 0.04C, 0.045C, 0.05C, or other values greater than or equal to 0.01C and less than or equal to 0.05C.

[0089] The second constant charging parameter is A2, and 0.05C ≤ A2 ≤ 0.1C. In an example, A2 = 0.05C, 0.055C, 0.06C, 0.065C, 0.07C, 0.075C, 0.08C, 0.085C, 0.09C, 0.095C, 0.1C, or other values greater than or equal to 0.05C and less than or equal to 0.1C.

[0090] The third constant charging parameter is A3, and 0.1C ≤ A3 ≤ 0.2C. In an example, A3 = 0.1C, 0.11C, 0.12C, 0.13C, 0.14C, 0.15C, 0.16C, 0.17C, 0.18C, 0.19C, 0.2C, or other values greater than or equal to 0.1C and less than or equal to 0.2C.

[0091] In one embodiment, when the voltage of the battery cell 11 is lower than the lower limit voltage, the battery cell 11 is pre-charged to the lower limit voltage using the first constant charging parameter, i.e., a constant power of 0.01P to 0.05P, so as to effectively repair the damaged electrode, enabling lithium ions to freely intercalate and deintercalate between the positive and negative electrodes during subsequent charge and discharge of the battery cell 11. Wherein, P is the charging power multiple. In one example, when charging the 10Wh battery cell 11, 1P = 10W and 0.01P = 0.1W.

[0092] After the battery cell 11 is pre-charged, the battery cell 11 can withstand a larger current for faster charging. Therefore, the constant charging parameter can be increased step by step, which can reduce the charging time while ensuring the charging effect to a certain extent. That is, the battery cell 11 is charged to the first voltage using the second constant charging parameter, i.e., a constant power of 0.05P to 0.1P, where the first voltage is greater than the lower limit voltage.

[0093] Subsequently, the battery cell 11 is charged to the second voltage using the third constant charging parameter, i.e., a constant power of 0.1P to 0.2P, where the second voltage is greater than the first voltage, thereby further accelerating the charging speed while ensuring the charging effect to a certain extent.

[0094] Optionally, in one embodiment, the first constant charging parameter is A1, and 0.01P ≤ A1 ≤ 0.05P. In one example, A1 = 0.01P, 0.015P, 0.02P, 0.025P, 0.03P, 0.035P, 0.04P, 0.045P, 0.05P, or other values greater than or equal to 0.01P and less than 0.05P.

[0095] The second constant charging parameter is A2, and 0.05P ≤ A2 ≤ 0.1P. In one example, A2 = 0.05P, 0.055P, 0.06P, 0.065P, 0.07P, 0.075P, 0.08P, 0.085P, 0.09P, 0.095P, 0.1P, or other values greater than or equal to 0.05P and less than or equal to 0.1P.

[0096] The third constant charging parameter is A3, and 0.1P ≤ A3 ≤ 0.2P. In one example, A3 = 0.1P, 0.11P, 0.12P, 0.13P, 0.14P, 0.15P, 0.16P, 0.17P, 0.18P, 0.19P, 0.2P, or other values greater than or equal to 0.1P and less than or equal to 0.2P.

[0097] In some embodiments, the first voltage is the voltage corresponding to 10% to 30% of the full charge of the battery cell 11, and / or the second voltage is the full charge voltage of the battery cell 11.

[0098] In this way, the charging process can be optimized to reduce unnecessary energy loss and damage to the battery cell 11 to a certain extent.

[0099] Specifically, in one embodiment, the first voltage is the voltage corresponding to 10% to 30% of the full charge of the battery cell 11, and the second voltage is greater than the first voltage and less than the full charge voltage of the battery cell 11. After the battery cell 11 is pre-charged (i.e., when the lower limit voltage is reached), the second constant charging parameter is used to charge the battery cell 11 to the first voltage, where the second constant charging parameter is greater than the first constant charging parameter, and the first voltage is the voltage corresponding to 10% to 30% of the full charge of the battery cell 11, so as to reduce the charging time while ensuring the charging effect to a certain extent and avoid overcharging to a certain extent.

[0100] Subsequently, the third constant charging parameter is used to charge the battery cell 11 to the second voltage, where the third constant charging parameter is greater than the second constant charging parameter and less than the normal charging parameter, and the second voltage is greater than the first voltage and less than the full charge voltage of the battery cell 11, so as to further accelerate the charging speed while ensuring the charging effect to a certain extent.

[0101] In one embodiment, the first voltage is the voltage corresponding to 10% to 30% of the full charge of the battery cell 11, and the second voltage is equal to the full charge voltage of the battery cell 11. After the battery cell 11 is pre-charged (i.e., when the lower limit voltage is reached), the second constant charging parameter is used to charge the battery cell 11 to the first voltage, where the second constant charging parameter is greater than the first constant charging parameter, and the first voltage is the voltage corresponding to 10% to 30% of the full charge of the battery cell 11, so as to reduce the charging time while ensuring the charging effect to a certain extent and avoid overcharging to a certain extent.

[0102] Subsequently, the third constant charging parameter is used to charge the battery cell 11 to the second voltage, where the third constant charging parameter is greater than the second constant charging parameter and less than the normal charging parameter, and the second voltage is equal to the full charge voltage of the battery cell 11, so as to further accelerate the charging speed while ensuring the charging effect to a certain extent, and the fully charged battery cell 11 can be used for the normal discharging operation of the battery cell 11.

[0103] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 , after step 3), the charging method further includes the steps of:

[0104] 4) After the battery cell 11 is left standing for a preset duration, the battery cell 11 is controlled to discharge to the lower limit voltage at a constant discharging parameter.

[0105] In this way, it can prepare for the battery cell 11 to execute the repair strategy or normal charging again.

[0106] Specifically, after step 3), the battery cell 11 in step 3) is left standing for a preset duration to allow the battery cell 11 to return to room temperature. During the standing process, the chemical reactions inside the battery cell 11 tend to reach equilibrium and stability, while avoiding safety issues caused by high temperature. The preset duration can be specifically defined according to the actual situation, and the present invention does not make a specific limitation thereto. In one example, the preset duration can be 3 to 5 hours.

[0107] After the battery cell 11 has been left standing for the preset duration, the battery cell 11 is discharged to the lower limit voltage with a constant discharge parameter. Optionally, the constant discharge parameter is less than the normal discharge parameter. It can be understood that the normal discharge parameter of the battery cell 11 refers to the discharge parameter corresponding to the voltage between the upper limit voltage and the lower limit voltage of the battery cell 11. Therefore, by discharging the battery cell 11 with a smaller discharge parameter, the electrochemical reaction speed is slower, resulting in a smaller voltage fluctuation of the battery cell 11, maintaining relatively stable performance to a certain extent during the discharge process, and controlling the cut-off voltage of the discharge of the battery cell 11 to the lower limit voltage, which can prepare for the battery cell 11 to execute the repair strategy or normal charging again, and avoid over-discharging again to a certain extent.

[0108] In some embodiments, the constant discharge parameter is greater than the third constant charging parameter.

[0109] In this way, the discharge time can be reduced while ensuring the discharge effect to a certain extent.

[0110] Specifically, in step 4), the battery cell 11 after step 3) is left standing for a preset duration to allow the battery cell 11 to return to room temperature. Subsequently, the battery cell 11 is discharged to the lower limit voltage with a constant discharge parameter. Optionally, the constant discharge parameter is greater than the third constant charging parameter. By discharging the battery cell 11 with a discharge parameter greater than the third constant charging parameter, while maintaining relatively stable performance of the battery cell 11 during the discharge process, the discharge speed can be increased, thereby shortening the discharge time, and preparing for the battery cell 11 to execute the repair strategy or normal charging again.

[0111] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 3 , after step 4), the charging method includes: performing step 2) to step 3) again once, or; repeating step 2) to step 4) at least once, and then performing step 2) to step 3) once.

[0112] In this way, the capacity loss of the battery cell 11 caused by over-discharge can be repaired to a large extent.

[0113] Specifically, in one embodiment, please combine Figure 3, after step 4), steps 2) to 3) are executed once again. That is, for the battery cell 11 after step 4), at this time the cut-off voltage of the discharge of the battery cell 11 has been normally controlled at the lower limit voltage, and there is no need to perform step 1) again. Therefore, after step 4), step 2) is executed once again, and then step 3) is executed once again to perform a second activation repair on the battery cell 11. After the above steps, the over-discharged battery cell 11 can be further repaired, and the charging safety of the over-discharged battery cell 11 can be improved, so that the battery cell 11 can work normally.

[0114] In one embodiment, please combine Figure 3 , after step 4), steps 2) to 4) are repeatedly executed at least once, and then steps 2) to 3) are executed once, so that the over-discharged battery cell 11 can be repaired multiple times. In one example, after step 4), steps 2) to 4) are repeatedly executed once, and then steps 2) to 3) are executed once. That is, for the battery cell 11 after step 4), at this time the cut-off voltage of the discharge of the battery cell 11 has been normally controlled at the lower limit voltage, and there is no need to perform step 1) again. Therefore, after step 4), steps 2), 3) and 4) are executed to perform a second activation repair on the battery cell 11. After step 4) is performed again, the cut-off voltage of the discharge of the battery cell 11 is still controlled at the lower limit voltage, and then steps 2) and 3) are executed once to perform a third activation repair on the battery cell 11. Through multiple repairs of the above steps, the repair effect of the over-discharged battery cell 11 can be further improved, and further the charging safety of the over-discharged battery cell 11 can be improved, so that the battery cell 11 can work normally.

[0115] In some embodiments, the constant discharge parameter is 0.1C to 0.3C, or 0.1P to 0.3P.

[0116] In this way, the battery cell 11 is discharged with a relatively small discharge parameter, which can, to a certain extent, avoid too large voltage fluctuations of the battery cell 11 and damage to the battery cell 11 caused by over-discharge.

[0117] Specifically, in one embodiment, after step 3), the battery cell 11 is left standing for a preset duration to enable the battery cell 11 to return to the normal temperature state. Subsequently, a constant discharge parameter, that is, a constant current of 0.1C to 0.3C, is used to control the discharge of the battery cell 11 to the lower limit voltage. Therefore, by discharging the battery cell 11 with a relatively small discharge parameter, the voltage fluctuation of the battery cell 11 is small, and the performance remains relatively stable during the discharge process to a certain extent. And controlling the cut-off voltage of the discharge of the battery cell 11 to be the lower limit voltage can prepare for the battery cell 11 to execute the repair strategy again or normal charging, and avoid over-discharge again to a certain extent.

[0118] Optionally, the constant charging parameter is B1, where 0.1C ≤ B1 ≤ 0.3C. In one example, B1 = 0.1C, 0.12C, 0.14C, 0.16C, 0.18C, 0.2C, 0.22C, 0.24C, 0.26C, 0.28C, 0.3C, or other values greater than or equal to 0.1C and less than or equal to 0.3C.

[0119] In one embodiment, after step 3), the battery cell 11 in step 3) is left standing for a preset duration to allow the battery cell 11 to return to room temperature. Subsequently, a constant discharge parameter, i.e., a constant power current of 0.1P to 0.3P, is used to control the discharge of the battery cell 11 to the lower limit voltage. Therefore, by discharging the battery cell 11 with a smaller discharge parameter, the voltage fluctuation of the battery cell 11 is small, and the performance remains relatively stable during the discharge process to a certain extent. By controlling the cut-off voltage of the discharge of the battery cell 11 to the lower limit voltage, it can prepare the battery cell 11 to execute the repair strategy or normal charging again, and avoid over-discharging again to a certain extent.

[0120] Optionally, the constant discharge parameter is B1, where 0.1P ≤ B1 ≤ 0.3P. In one example, B1 = 0.1P, 0.12P, 0.14P, 0.16P, 0.18P, 0.2P, 0.22P, 0.24P, 0.26P, 0.28P, 0.3P, or other values greater than or equal to 0.1P and less than or equal to 0.3P.

[0121] In some embodiments, the charging method further includes: when the battery cell 11 is not over-discharged, a conventional charging strategy is executed, and the conventional charging strategy includes the following steps: charging the battery cell 11 with normal charging parameters.

[0122] In this way, when the battery cell 11 is not over-discharged, the conventional charging strategy is executed to maintain the normal operation of the battery cell 11.

[0123] Specifically, when the battery management system 30 identifies that the voltage of the battery cell 11 is not in an over-discharged state, during charging, the conventional charging strategy can be executed to charge the battery cell 11 normally, that is, charging the battery cell 11 with normal charging parameters. The battery cell 11 can be charged with a normal large current, which can maintain the normal operation of the battery cell 11 and does not require a long charging time.

[0124] Optionally, the normal charging parameters of the battery cell 11 can be specifically defined according to the type, material, etc. of the battery cell 11, and the present application does not make specific limitations in this regard.

[0125] Please refer to Figure 4, an energy storage power supply 100 provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a control device 70, a battery cell 11, and an inverter 50. The control device 70 is electrically connected to the battery cell 11 and the inverter 50, and the control device 70 is configured to:

[0126] In the case of over-discharge of the battery cell 11, execute a repair strategy, and the repair strategy includes steps carried out in the following order:

[0127] 1) Control the inverter 50 to charge the battery cell 11 to the lower limit voltage by using a first constant charging parameter;

[0128] 2) Control the inverter 50 to charge the battery cell 11 to a first voltage by using a second constant charging parameter, and the first voltage is greater than the lower limit voltage;

[0129] 3) Control the inverter 50 to charge the battery cell 11 to a second voltage by using a third constant charging parameter, and the second voltage is greater than the first voltage;

[0130] Wherein, the third constant charging parameter is greater than the second constant charging parameter, the second constant charging parameter is greater than the first constant charging parameter, and the third constant charging parameter is less than the normal charging parameter of the battery cell 11.

[0131] In the above energy storage power supply 100, the battery cell 11 is charged by using gradually increasing constant charging parameters, so that the battery cell 11 after over-discharge can be repaired during the charging process, and the charging safety of the battery cell 11 after over-discharge can be improved to a certain extent.

[0132] Specifically, please combine Figure 4 , the energy storage power supply 100 includes a control device 70, a battery cell 11, and an inverter 50. The control device 70 is electrically connected to the battery cell 11 and the inverter 50. A plurality of battery cells 11 can form a battery pack 10. Optionally, the above repair strategy can be preset in the control device 70.

[0133] The energy storage power supply 100 further includes a battery management system 30. In Figure 4In the illustrated embodiment, the control device 70 is separately provided from the battery management system 30, and the control device 70 is communicatively connected to the battery management system 30. When the energy storage power supply 100 receives the 11th battery cell, after the battery management system 30 recognizes that the 11th battery cell is over-discharged, the control device 70 controls the battery management system 30 to execute a repair strategy on the 11th battery cell. At the same time, the control device 70 controls the inverter 50 to adjust its operating voltage range, that is, controls the lower limit voltage of the inverter 50 to be less than the total voltage of the 11th battery cell after over-discharge, or less than the total voltage of the battery pack 10 after over-discharge, so as to control the inverter 50 to charge the 11th battery cell. Therefore, through the control device 70, it is possible to effectively realize the repair charging of the over-discharged battery pack 10 directly on the energy storage power supply 100, avoid charging the battery pack 10 separately after the whole machine is disassembled, and control the charging of the 11th battery cell through the repair strategy preset by the control device 70, which can improve the efficiency and reliability to a certain extent. In one embodiment, the control device 70 and the battery management system 30 can be integrated together.

[0134] Optionally, in one embodiment, an AC power supply can be used to activate and repair the charging of the 11th battery cell. The control device 70 can control and adjust the inverter 50 to adjust its operating voltage range, and control the inverter 50 to convert the AC alternating current into DC direct current through the battery management system 30 and then charge the 11th battery cell. In one embodiment, a DC power supply is used for activation and repair. The control device 70 controls the DC direct current to directly charge the 11th battery cell through the battery management system 30.

[0135] A control device 70 provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a processor 71 and a memory 72. The memory 72 stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by the processor 71, the steps of the charging method in any of the above embodiments are implemented.

[0136] Specifically, in one embodiment, when the computer program is executed by the processor 71, the implemented charging method includes:

[0137] After the 11th battery cell is over-discharged, a repair strategy is executed. The repair strategy includes the following steps in sequence:

[0138] 1) Charge the 11th battery cell to the lower limit voltage using the first constant charging parameter;

[0139] 2) Charge the 11th battery cell to the first voltage using the second constant charging parameter, where the first voltage is greater than the lower limit voltage;

[0140] 3) Charge the 11th battery cell to the second voltage using the third constant charging parameter, where the second voltage is greater than the first voltage;

[0141] Among them, the third constant charging parameter is greater than the second constant charging parameter, the second constant charging parameter is greater than the first constant charging parameter, and the third constant charging parameter is less than the normal charging parameter of the battery cell 11.

[0142] In one example, a repair strategy is executed on an 11-series and 1-parallel lithium iron phosphate battery pack 10 (with a capacity of 20 Ah and an energy of 704 Wh), where the operating voltage range of the single battery cell 11 is 2.5 V to 3.6 V.

[0143] 1) Charge the battery cell 11 with a constant current of the first constant charging parameter of 0.01C (i.e., 0.2 A) until the lower limit voltage of 2.5 V.

[0144] 2) Charge the battery cell 11 with a constant current of the second constant charging parameter of 0.05C (i.e., 1 A) until the second voltage of 3.3 V (the voltage corresponding to 30% of the full charge of the battery cell 11).

[0145] 3) Charge the battery cell 11 with a constant current of the second constant charging parameter of 0.1C (i.e., 2 A) until the full charge voltage of 3.6 V.

[0146] 4) After the battery cell 11 stands for 4 hours, discharge the battery cell 11 with a constant power load of 0.15P (i.e., 100 W) until the lower limit voltage of 2.5 V is reached.

[0147] Subsequently, repeat steps 2) to 4) once, and then execute steps 2) to 3) once, and the battery cell 11 can be used normally.

[0148] In one example, in one example, a repair strategy is executed on an 11-series and 1-parallel lithium iron phosphate battery pack 10 (with a capacity of 20 Ah and an energy of 704 Wh), where the operating voltage range of the single battery cell 11 is 2.5 V to 3.6 V.

[0149] 1) Charge the battery cell 11 with a constant power of the first constant charging parameter of 0.01P (i.e., 7 W) until the lower limit voltage of 2.5 V.

[0150] 2) Charge the battery cell 11 with a constant power of the second constant charging parameter of 0.05P (i.e., 35 W) until the second voltage of 3.3 V (the voltage corresponding to 30% SOC of the battery cell 11).

[0151] 3) Charge the battery cell 11 with a constant power of the second constant charging parameter of 0.1P (i.e., 35 W) until the full charge voltage of 3.6 V.

[0152] 4) After the battery cell 11 stands for 4 hours, discharge the battery cell 11 with a constant power load of 0.15P (i.e., 100 W) until the lower limit voltage of 2.5 V is reached.

[0153] Subsequently, steps 2) to 4) are repeatedly executed once, and then steps 2) to 3) are executed once again, and the battery cell 11 can be used normally.

[0154] In one example, a repair strategy is executed on an 11-series and 1-parallel ternary lithium battery pack 10 (capacity 20 Ah, energy 792 Wh), where the operating voltage range of the single battery cell 11 is 2.8 V to 4.2 V.

[0155] 1) Charge the battery cell 11 with a constant current of the first constant charging parameter 0.01C (i.e., 0.2 A) until the lower limit voltage of 2.8 V;

[0156] 2) Charge the battery cell 11 with a constant current of the second constant charging parameter 0.05C (i.e., 1 A) until the second voltage of 3.5 V (the voltage corresponding to 30% SOC of the battery cell 11);

[0157] 3) Charge the battery cell 11 with a constant current of the second constant charging parameter 0.1C (i.e., 2 A) until the full charge voltage of 4.2 V;

[0158] 4) After the battery cell 11 stands for 4 hours, discharge the battery cell 11 with a constant power of 0.15P (i.e., 100 W) load until the discharge stops at the lower limit voltage of 2.8 V;

[0159] Subsequently, steps 2) to 4) are repeatedly executed once, and then steps 2) to 3) are executed once again, and the battery cell 11 can be used normally.

[0160] In one example, in one example, a repair strategy is executed on an 11-series and 1-parallel lithium iron phosphate battery pack 10 (capacity 20 Ah, energy 792 Wh), where the operating voltage range of the single battery cell 11 is 2.8 V to 4.2 V.

[0161] 1) Charge the battery cell 11 with a constant power of the first constant charging parameter 0.01P (i.e., 8 W) until the lower limit voltage of 2.8 V;

[0162] 2) Charge the battery cell 11 with a constant power of the second constant charging parameter 0.05P (i.e., 40 W) until the second voltage of 3.8 V (the voltage corresponding to 30% SOC of the battery cell 11);

[0163] 3) Charge the battery cell 11 with a constant power of the second constant charging parameter 0.1P (i.e., 80 W) until the full charge voltage of 4.2 V;

[0164] 4) After the battery cell 11 stands for 4 hours, discharge the battery cell 11 with a constant power of 0.15P (i.e., 100 W) load until the discharge stops at the lower limit voltage of 2.8 V;

[0165] Subsequently, steps 2) to 4) are repeatedly executed once, and then steps 2) to 3) are executed once again, and the battery cell 11 can be used normally.

[0166] In one embodiment, when the computer program is executed by the processor 71, the charging method includes: when the battery cell 11 is not over-discharged, a conventional charging strategy is executed, and the conventional charging strategy includes the following steps: charging the battery cell 11 with normal charging parameters.

[0167] An energy storage power supply 100 provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes the control device 70 of the above embodiment.

[0168] Specifically, please refer to Figure 4 , the energy storage power supply 100 includes a control device 70, the control device 70 is electrically connected to the battery management system 30 and the inverter 50, the control device 70 controls the battery management system 30 to execute a repair strategy or a conventional charging strategy on the battery cell 11, and the control device 70 controls the inverter 50 to modulate its operating voltage range.

[0169] A computer-readable storage medium provided by an embodiment of the present invention stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor 71, the steps of the charging method described in any of the above embodiments are implemented.

[0170] It should be noted that the above explanations of the embodiments and beneficial effects of the charging method also apply to the energy storage power supply 100 and the computer-readable storage medium of the embodiments of the present invention. To avoid redundancy, no detailed elaboration is made here.

[0171] It can be understood that the computer program includes computer program code. The computer program code can be in the form of source code, object code, executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The computer-readable storage medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, USB flash drive, mobile hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disc, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), and software distribution medium, etc. The processor can be a central processing unit, or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP, Digital Signal Processor), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC, Application Specific Integrated Circuit), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA, Field-Programmable Gate Array) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.

[0172] In the description of this specification, the descriptions referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0173] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A charging method, characterized in that: include: After the battery cell is over-discharged, a repair strategy is executed, which includes steps performed in the following order: 1) using a first constant charging parameter to charge the battery cell to a lower limit voltage; 2) using a second constant charging parameter to charge the battery cell to a first voltage, wherein the first voltage is greater than the lower limit voltage; 3) using a third constant charging parameter to charge the battery cell to a second voltage, wherein the second voltage is greater than the first voltage; The third constant charging parameter is greater than the second constant charging parameter, the second constant charging parameter is greater than the first constant charging parameter, and the third constant charging parameter is less than a normal charging parameter of the battery cell.

2. The charging method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging parameters include current parameters or power parameters.

3. The charging method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first constant charging parameter is 0.01C to 0.05C, or 0.01P to 0.05P; The second constant charging parameter is 0.05C to 0.1C, or 0.05P to 0.1P; The third constant charging parameter is 0.1C to 0.2C, or 0.1P to 0.2P.

4. The charging method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first voltage is a voltage corresponding to 10% to 30% of the full charge of the battery cell, and / or the second voltage is a fully charged voltage of the battery cell.

5. The charging method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After step 3), the charging method further comprises the steps of: 4) After the battery cell is left to stand for a preset period of time, the battery cell is controlled to discharge to the lower voltage limit with a constant discharge parameter.

6. The charging method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The constant discharge parameter is greater than the third constant charge parameter.

7. The charging method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: After step 4), the charging method includes: performing steps 2) to 3) once more; or; Repeat step 2) to step 4) at least once, and then perform step 2) to step 3) once more.

8. The charging method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The constant discharge parameter is 0.1C to 0.3C, or 0.1P to 0.3P.

9. The charging method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging method further comprises: When the battery cell is not over-discharged, a conventional charging strategy is executed, and the conventional charging strategy includes the following steps: The battery cell is charged using the normal charging parameters.

10. An energy storage power supply, characterized in that: The invention comprises a control device, a battery cell and an inverter, wherein the control device is electrically connected to the battery cell and the inverter, and the control device is configured as follows: After the battery cell is over-discharged, a repair strategy is executed, and the repair strategy includes steps performed in the following order: 1) Using a first constant charging parameter to control the inverter to charge the battery cell to a lower limit voltage; 2) using a second constant charging parameter to control the inverter to charge the battery cell to a first voltage, wherein the first voltage is greater than the lower limit voltage; 3) using a third constant charging parameter to control the inverter pair to charge the battery cell to a second voltage, wherein the second voltage is greater than the first voltage; The third constant charging parameter is greater than the second constant charging parameter, the second constant charging parameter is greater than the first constant charging parameter, and the third constant charging parameter is less than a normal charging parameter of the battery cell.

11. A control device, characterized in that: including a processor and a memory; The memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of the charging method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 are implemented.

12. An energy storage power supply, characterized in that: Includes the control device as claimed in claim 11.

13. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the charging method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 are implemented.

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