UPS power supply with automatic switching function

Abstract

The present invention discloses a UPS power supply with an automatic switching function, which relates to the field of power supply. The UPS power supply with an automatic switching function comprises: a mains power supply module, which is used to introduce mains alternating current (AC) power and supply it to a step-down rectifier filter module and a load working module; a step-down rectifier filter module, which is used to convert the AC power into DC power and supply it to a switching and storage module; and a switching and storage module, which is used to store electric energy for a battery when DC power is input, and to control the load working module to use the mains AC power as a power supply. When there is no DC power input, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention determines the current power state of the battery through a power determination module, and feeds it back to a single-chip microcomputer working module, which controls the working condition of the load through a power supply control module, so that the output power of the battery matches the working condition of the load, thereby ensuring the normal working condition of the main power-consuming equipment of the load and extending the normal working time of the main power-consuming equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of power supply, in particular to a UPS power supply with an automatic switching function. Background Art

[0002] A UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) is a power protection device that uses a backup power source (such as a battery) to provide a continuous and stable power supply to loads when the main power source (such as the mains) is interrupted or abnormal. Its primary function is to prevent loads from interrupting operation or being damaged by power problems (such as power outages, voltage fluctuations, and frequency deviations).

[0003] The problem is that as the backup power supply is used for a long time, the battery power loss will cause the output power to drop, making it difficult to meet the load working requirements, which needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a UPS power supply with an automatic switching function to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] UPS power supply with automatic switching function, including:

[0007] The mains power supply module is used to introduce AC mains power to supply the step-down rectifier filter module and the load working module;

[0008] Buck rectifier and filter module, used to convert AC power into DC power to supply switching and storage modules;

[0009] The switching and storage module is used to store electrical energy in the battery when there is DC input, and control the load working module to use AC power as the power supply; when there is no DC input, the battery supplies power to the inverter module, and the load working module is controlled to use the AC power output by the inverter module as the power supply;

[0010] The inverter module is used to convert the DC power output by the battery into AC power to supply the load working module;

[0011] Load working module, used for load power supply operation;

[0012] The power judgment module is used to detect the battery power. When the battery power reaches the set requirement, it outputs a voltage signal to the microcontroller working module within the set time;

[0013] The single-chip computer working module is used to gradually reduce the set battery power requirement until the set battery power requirement reaches a minimum value if the voltage signal is not received within the set time; and control the working state of the power supply control module according to whether the voltage signal is received within the set time;

[0014] The power supply control module is used to set different priorities for the electrical devices in the load, and based on the control of the single-chip working module, control the electrical devices that reach the priority to be powered on;

[0015] The output end of the AC power supply module is connected to the input end of the step-down rectifier and filter module and the first input end of the load working module. The output end of the step-down rectifier and filter module is connected to the input end of the switching and storage module. The first output end of the switching and storage module is connected to the input end of the inverter module. The second output end of the switching and storage module is connected to the input end of the power judgment module. The output end of the inverter module is connected to the second input end of the load working module. The output end of the power judgment module is connected to the input end of the single-chip microcomputer working module. The output end of the single-chip microcomputer working module is connected to the input end of the power supply control module. The output end of the power supply control module is connected to the third input end of the load working module.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention: the switching and storage module includes a first relay, a second resistor, a second diode, a first resistor, a first diode, a battery, and a fifth control port of the first switch. One end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the first relay, the negative electrode of the second diode, and the output end of the step-down rectifier and filter module. The other end of the first relay is connected to the positive electrode of the second diode and one end of the second resistor. The other end of the second resistor is grounded. The other end of the first resistor is connected to the positive electrode of the first diode, the negative electrode of the first diode is connected to the positive electrode of the battery, the common point A9, and one end of the fifth control port of the first switch. The negative electrode of the battery is grounded. The other end of the fifth control port of the first switch is connected to the input end of the inverter module.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention: the load working module includes a load, a first control port of the first switch, a second control port of the first switch, a third control port of the first switch, and a fourth control port of the first switch, one end of the first control port of the first switch is connected to the output end of the AC power supply module, the other end of the first control port of the first switch is connected to the common point A7, one end of the load, and one end of the third control port of the first switch, one end of the second control port of the first switch is connected to the output end of the AC power supply module, the other end of the second control port of the first switch is connected to the common point A8, the other end of the load, and one end of the fourth control port of the first switch, the other end of the third control port of the first switch is connected to the output end of the inverter module, and the other end of the fourth control port of the first switch is connected to the output end of the inverter module.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention: the power judgment module includes:

[0019] a battery power detection unit, configured to introduce a battery voltage and current to charge the second capacitor, and provide a first voltage signal to the non-inverting terminal of the first amplifier when the second capacitor is charged to a first set voltage;

[0020] a comparative power detection unit, configured to introduce a constant voltage and constant current source to charge the fourth capacitor, and provide a second voltage signal to the inverting terminal of the first amplifier when the fourth capacitor is charged to a second set voltage, wherein the second set voltage is greater than the first set voltage, and the second voltage signal is greater than the first voltage signal;

[0021] The input end of the battery power detection unit is connected to the second output end of the switching and storage module, the output end of the battery power detection unit is connected to the non-inverting end of the first amplifier, the output end of the comparison power detection unit is connected to the inverting end of the first amplifier, and the output end of the first amplifier is connected to the input end of the single-chip microcomputer working module.

[0022] As a further solution of the present invention: the battery power detection unit includes a third diode, a first capacitor, a third resistor, a first potentiometer, a second capacitor, a fourth transistor, and a fourth diode, the positive electrode of the third diode is connected to the common point A9, the negative electrode of the third diode is connected to one end of the first capacitor and one end of the third resistor, the other end of the first capacitor is grounded, the other end of the third resistor is connected to one end of the first potentiometer, the other end of the first potentiometer is connected to one end of the second capacitor, the collector of the fourth transistor, and the negative electrode of the fourth diode, the other end of the second capacitor is grounded, the emitter of the fourth transistor is grounded, the base of the fourth transistor is connected to the output end of the first amplifier, and the positive electrode of the fourth diode is connected to the non-inverting end of the first amplifier.

[0023] As a further solution of the present invention: the comparison power detection unit includes a first constant voltage and constant current source, a second constant voltage and constant current source, a third constant voltage and constant current source, a first MOS tube, a second MOS tube, a third MOS tube, a sixth diode, a third capacitor, a fourth resistor, a second potentiometer, a fourth capacitor, a fifth transistor, and a fifth diode. The first constant voltage and constant current source is connected to the D pole of the first MOS tube, the G pole of the first MOS tube is connected to the common point A4, the S pole of the first MOS tube is connected to the S pole of the second MOS tube, the S pole of the third MOS tube, and the positive pole of the sixth diode. The second constant voltage and constant current source is connected to the D pole of the second MOS tube, and the second MO The G electrode of the S tube is connected to the common point A5, the third constant-voltage and constant-current source is connected to the D electrode of the third MOS tube, the G electrode of the third MOS tube is connected to the common point A6, the cathode of the sixth diode is connected to one end of the third capacitor and one end of the fourth resistor, the other end of the third capacitor is grounded, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to one end of the second potentiometer, the other end of the second potentiometer is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor, the collector of the fifth transistor, and the cathode of the fifth diode, the other end of the fourth capacitor is grounded, the emitter of the fifth transistor is grounded, the base of the fifth transistor is connected to the output end of the first amplifier, and the anode of the fifth diode is connected to the inverting end of the first amplifier.

[0024] As a further solution of the present invention: the single-chip microcomputer working module includes a single-chip microcomputer, the IO3 port of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the common point A3, the IO4 port of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the common point A4, the IO5 port of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the common point A5, and the IO6 port of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the common point A6.

[0025] As a further solution of the present invention: the power supply control module includes a second relay, a third relay, a fourth relay, a seventh diode, an eighth diode, a ninth diode, a tenth diode, an eleventh diode, a twelfth diode, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, and a seventh resistor;

[0026] One end of the second relay is connected to the cathode of the seventh diode and the cathode of the tenth diode, the anode of the seventh diode is connected to common points A4, A5, and A6, the anode of the tenth diode is connected to the other end of the second relay and one end of the fifth resistor, and the other end of the fifth resistor is grounded;

[0027] One end of the third relay is connected to the cathode of the eighth diode and the cathode of the eleventh diode, the anode of the eighth diode is connected to the common point A4 and the common point A5, the anode of the eleventh diode is connected to the other end of the third relay and one end of the sixth resistor, and the other end of the sixth resistor is grounded;

[0028] One end of the fourth relay is connected to the cathode of the ninth diode and the cathode of the twelfth diode, the anode of the ninth diode is connected to the common point A4, the anode of the twelfth diode is connected to the other end of the fourth relay and one end of the seventh resistor, and the other end of the seventh resistor is grounded;

[0029] When the second relay is energized, it controls the second switch to close, and the main electrical equipment is powered on; when the third relay is energized, it controls the third switch to close, and the secondary electrical equipment is powered on; when the fourth relay is energized, it controls the fourth switch to close, and the auxiliary electrical equipment is powered on.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention determines the current power status of the battery through the power judgment module and feeds back to the single-chip microcomputer working module. The single-chip microcomputer working module controls the working condition of the load through the power supply control module, so that the output power of the battery matches the working condition of the load, ensuring the normal operation of the main electrical equipment of the load and extending the normal working time of the main electrical equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is the schematic diagram of a UPS power supply with automatic switching function.

[0032] Figure 2 This is the circuit diagram of the AC power supply module and the load working module.

[0033] Figure 3 This is the circuit diagram of the switching and storage module.

[0034] Figure 4 This is the circuit diagram of the power judgment module.

[0035] Figure 5 This is the circuit diagram of the microcontroller working module and power supply control module.

[0036] Numbers in the figure: 1. AC power supply module; 2. Buck rectifier and filter module; 3. Switching and storage module; 4. Inverter module; 5. Load working module; 6. Power judgment module; 7. Microcontroller working module; 8. Power supply control module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] See also Figure 1 , UPS power supply with automatic switching function, including:

[0039] The mains power supply module 1 is used to introduce AC mains power to supply the step-down rectifier filter module 2 and the load working module 5;

[0040] The step-down rectifier and filter module 2 is used to convert AC power into DC power and supply it to the switching and storage module 3;

[0041] The switching and storage module 3 is used to store electrical energy in the battery E1 when DC power is input, and to control the load working module 5 to use the AC power of the mains as the power supply. When there is no DC power input, the battery E1 supplies power to the inverter module 4, and the load working module 5 is controlled to use the AC power output by the inverter module 4 as the power supply.

[0042] Inverter module 4, used to convert the DC power output by battery E1 into AC power to supply load working module 5;

[0043] Load working module 5, used for powering load X1;

[0044] The power judgment module 6 is used to detect the power of the battery E1. When the power of the battery E1 reaches the set requirement, it outputs a voltage signal to the single-chip computer working module 7 within a set time;

[0045] The single-chip computer working module 7 is used to gradually reduce the set power requirement of the battery E1 until the set power requirement of the battery E1 reaches a minimum value if the voltage signal is not received within the set time; and control the working state of the power supply control module 8 according to whether the voltage signal is received within the set time;

[0046] The power supply control module 8 is used to set different priorities for the electrical devices in the load X1, and based on the control of the single-chip working module 7, control the electrical devices that meet the priority to be powered on;

[0047] The output end of the AC power supply module 1 is connected to the input end of the step-down rectifier and filter module 2 and the first input end of the load working module 5. The output end of the step-down rectifier and filter module 2 is connected to the input end of the switching and storage module 3. The first output end of the switching and storage module 3 is connected to the input end of the inverter module 4. The second output end of the switching and storage module 3 is connected to the input end of the power judgment module 6. The output end of the inverter module 4 is connected to the second input end of the load working module 5. The output end of the power judgment module 6 is connected to the input end of the single-chip microcomputer working module 7. The output end of the single-chip microcomputer working module 7 is connected to the input end of the power supply control module 8. The output end of the power supply control module 8 is connected to the third input end of the load working module 5.

[0048] In the specific embodiment: see Figure 2 The mains power supply module 1 outputs 220V AC power by introducing a live wire (L) and a neutral wire (N). The step-down, rectifier, and filter module 2 converts the AC power into smooth DC power through a transformer, rectifier, and filter, which is then supplied to the switching and storage module 3. The inverter module 4 converts the DC power into AC power that meets the power requirements of the load X1. Both the step-down, rectifier, and filter module 2 and the inverter module 4 are common circuits in UPS power supplies and will not be described in detail here.

[0049] In this example: See Figure 3 The switching and storage module 3 includes a first relay J1, a second resistor R2, a second diode D2, a first resistor R1, a first diode D1, a battery E1, and a fifth control port S1-5 of the first switch. One end of the first resistor R1 is connected to one end of the first relay J1, the cathode of the second diode D2, and the output end of the step-down rectifier and filter module 2. The other end of the first relay J1 is connected to the anode of the second diode D2 and one end of the second resistor R2. The other end of the second resistor R2 is grounded. The other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the anode of the first diode D1. The cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the anode of the battery E1, the common point A9, and one end of the fifth control port S1-5 of the first switch. The negative electrode of the battery E1 is grounded. The other end of the fifth control port S1-5 of the first switch is connected to the input end of the inverter module 4.

[0050] When the AC power supply module 1 is supplying power normally, the switching and storage module 3 is powered through the step-down rectifier and filter module 2. At this time, the first relay J1 is working, controlling the first control port S1-1 of the first switch and the second control port S1-2 of the first switch to be closed, and controlling the third control port S1-3 of the first switch, the fourth control port S1-4 of the first switch, and the fifth control port S1-5 of the first switch to be disconnected. At this time, DC power charges the battery E1 through the first resistor R1 and the first diode D1.

[0051] When the AC power supply module 1 stops supplying power, the first relay J1 is de-energized, the first control port S1-1 of the first switch and the second control port S1-2 of the first switch are disconnected, the third control port S1-3 of the first switch, the fourth control port S1-4 of the first switch, and the fifth control port S1-5 of the first switch are closed. At this time, the battery E1 supplies power to the inverter module 4 through the fifth control port S1-5 of the first switch, and the inverter module 4 converts DC power into AC power that meets the power demand.

[0052] In another embodiment, a voltage regulator may be added to provide a more stable voltage source for powering the battery E1.

[0053] In this example: See Figure 2The load working module 5 includes a load X1, a first control port S1-1 of a first switch, a second control port S1-2 of the first switch, a third control port S1-3 of the first switch, and a fourth control port S1-4 of the first switch. One end of the first control port S1-1 of the first switch is connected to the output end of the mains power supply module 1, and the other end of the first control port S1-1 of the first switch is connected to the common point A7, one end of the load X1, and one end of the third control port S1-3 of the first switch. One end of the second control port S1-2 of the first switch is connected to the output end of the mains power supply module 1, and the other end of the second control port S1-2 of the first switch is connected to the common point A8, the other end of the load X1, and one end of the fourth control port S1-4 of the first switch. The other end of the third control port S1-3 of the first switch is connected to the output end of the inverter module 4, and the other end of the fourth control port S1-4 of the first switch is connected to the output end of the inverter module 4.

[0054] When the mains power supply module 1 is supplying power normally, the mains voltage supplies power to the load X1 through the first control port S1 - 1 of the first switch and the second control port S1 - 2 of the first switch.

[0055] When the mains power supply module 1 stops supplying power, the AC power that meets the power demand generated by the battery E1 through the inverter module 4 is used to supply power to the load X1 through the third control port S1-3 of the first switch and the fourth control port S1-4 of the first switch.

[0056] In another embodiment, in the figure, the load X1 is supplied with 220V AC power through the live wire L and the neutral wire N. In actual use, the rated voltage of the load X1 is not limited, for example, the rated voltage can be 380V AC power.

[0057] In this example: See Figure 4 , the power judgment module 6 includes:

[0058] The battery E1 power detection unit is used to introduce the voltage and current of the battery E1 to charge the second capacitor C2, and provide a first voltage signal to the non-inverting terminal of the first amplifier U1 when the second capacitor C2 is charged to a first set voltage;

[0059] The comparative power detection unit is used to introduce a constant voltage and constant current source to charge the fourth capacitor C4. When the fourth capacitor C4 is charged to a second set voltage, a second voltage signal is provided to the inverting terminal of the first amplifier U1. The second set voltage is greater than the first set voltage, and the second voltage signal is greater than the first voltage signal.

[0060] The input end of the battery E1 power detection unit is connected to the second output end of the switching and storage module 3, the output end of the battery E1 power detection unit is connected to the non-inverting end of the first amplifier U1, the output end of the comparison power detection unit is connected to the inverting end of the first amplifier U1, and the output end of the first amplifier U1 is connected to the input end of the single-chip computer working module 7.

[0061] In this example: See Figure 4 The battery E1 power detection unit includes a third diode D3, a first capacitor C1, a third resistor R3, a first potentiometer RP1, a second capacitor C2, a fourth transistor V4, and a fourth diode D4. The anode of the third diode D3 is connected to the common point A9, the cathode of the third diode D3 is connected to one end of the first capacitor C1 and one end of the third resistor R3, the other end of the first capacitor C1 is grounded, the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to one end of the first potentiometer RP1, the other end of the first potentiometer RP1 is connected to one end of the second capacitor C2, the collector of the fourth transistor V4, and the cathode of the fourth diode D4, the other end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded, the emitter of the fourth transistor V4 is grounded, the base of the fourth transistor V4 is connected to the output end of the first amplifier U1, and the anode of the fourth diode D4 is connected to the non-inverting end of the first amplifier U1.

[0062] Common point A9 charges second capacitor C2 via third diode D3, third resistor R3, and first potentiometer RP1. The greater the voltage and current of battery E1, the shorter the time it takes for second capacitor C2 to charge sufficiently to conduct fourth diode D4. Conversely, the smaller the voltage and current of battery E1, the longer it takes for second capacitor C2 to charge sufficiently to conduct fourth diode D4. Therefore, the length of time it takes for second capacitor C2 to charge and conduct fourth diode D4 can be used to determine the voltage and current of battery E1 and, therefore, whether the output power of battery E1 is sufficient to meet the power demand of load X1.

[0063] In another embodiment, the first potentiometer RP1 may be replaced with a common resistor, which will make it impossible to adjust the charging time of the second capacitor C2.

[0064] In this example: See Figure 4The comparison power detection unit includes a first constant voltage and constant current source VDD1, a second constant voltage and constant current source VDD2, a third constant voltage and constant current source VDD3, a first MOS transistor V1, a second MOS transistor V2, a third MOS transistor V3, a sixth diode D6, a third capacitor C3, a fourth resistor R4, a second potentiometer RP2, a fourth capacitor C4, a fifth transistor V5, and a fifth diode D5. The first constant voltage and constant current source VDD1 is connected to the D pole of the first MOS transistor V1, the G pole of the first MOS transistor V1 is connected to the common point A4, the S pole of the first MOS transistor V1 is connected to the S pole of the second MOS transistor V2, the S pole of the third MOS transistor V3, and the positive electrode of the sixth diode D6. The second constant voltage and constant current source VDD2 is connected to the D pole of the second MOS transistor V2, and the second MO The G electrode of the S transistor V2 is connected to a common point A5, the third constant-voltage and constant-current source VDD3 is connected to the D electrode of the third MOS transistor V3, the G electrode of the third MOS transistor V3 is connected to a common point A6, the cathode of the sixth diode D6 is connected to one end of the third capacitor C3 and one end of the fourth resistor R4, the other end of the third capacitor C3 is grounded, the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to one end of the second potentiometer RP2, the other end of the second potentiometer RP2 is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor C4, the collector of the fifth transistor V5, and the cathode of the fifth diode D5, the other end of the fourth capacitor C4 is grounded, the emitter of the fifth transistor V5 is grounded, the base of the fifth transistor V5 is connected to the output end of the first amplifier U1, and the anode of the fifth diode D5 is connected to the inverting end of the first amplifier U1.

[0065] Among the first constant-voltage constant-current source VDD1, the second constant-voltage constant-current source VDD2, and the third constant-voltage constant-current source VDD3, the first constant-voltage constant-current source VDD1 has the largest voltage and current, the second constant-voltage constant-current source VDD2 has the second largest voltage and current, and the third constant-voltage constant-current source VDD3 has the smallest voltage and current; here, the sixth diode D6, the third capacitor C3, the fourth resistor R4, the second potentiometer RP2, the fourth capacitor C4, and the fifth transistor V5 correspond one-to-one to the models of the third diode D3, the first capacitor C1, the third resistor R3, the first potentiometer RP1, the second capacitor C2, and the fourth transistor V4, respectively.

[0066] Initially, the first MOS transistor V1, the second MOS transistor V2, and the third MOS transistor V3 are turned off. At this time, the second capacitor C2 is charged, and the fourth capacitor C4 is not charged. Eventually, the voltage at the non-inverting terminal of the first amplifier U1 becomes high. The first amplifier U1 outputs a high-level signal, which is fed back to the single-chip microcomputer operating module 7. The single-chip microcomputer operating module 7 then causes the common point A4 to become high. At this time, if the battery E1 voltage is sufficient, the second capacitor C2 will still output a high level (the first set voltage) to the first amplifier U1 before the fourth capacitor C4. The first amplifier U1 continues to output a high-level signal, and the fourth transistor V4 and the fifth transistor V5 are turned on, dissipating the voltage on the second capacitor C2 and the fourth capacitor C4.

[0067] As the battery E1 discharges, the charging time of the second capacitor C2 is prolonged. When the voltage and current of the battery E1 drop to a threshold, the fourth capacitor C4 outputs a high level (a second set voltage) to the first amplifier U1 before the second capacitor C2. Because the second set voltage is greater than the first set voltage, even if the second capacitor C2 subsequently provides a high level to the non-inverting terminal of the first amplifier U1, the first amplifier U1 still does not output a high level, so that the first amplifier U1 does not output a high level within the set time. The single-chip microcomputer operating module 7 controls the common point A5 to become a high level and the common point A4 to become a low level. At the same time, the single-chip microcomputer operating module 7 controls the common point A3 to output a high level, thereby dissipating the voltages on the second capacitor C2 and the fourth capacitor C4.

[0068] At this time, the fourth capacitor C4 is powered by the second constant-voltage and constant-current source VDD2, and the charging speed decreases. For a period of time, the second capacitor C2 charges faster than the fourth capacitor C4, so that during this period, the single-chip microcomputer working module 7 maintains the common point A5 at a high level. As the battery E1 discharges, the voltage and current of the battery E1 further decrease, and the fourth capacitor C4 charges faster than the second capacitor C2. The first amplifier U1 fails to output a high level within the set time. The single-chip microcomputer working module 7 controls the common point A6 to become a high level and the common point A5 to become a low level. The third constant-voltage and constant-current source VDD3 supplies power to the fourth capacitor C4 until the voltage and current of the battery E1 decrease to a level where the charging speed of the second capacitor C2 is lower than the charging speed of the fourth capacitor C4 by the third constant-voltage and constant-current source VDD3. At this time, the first amplifier U1 again fails to output a high level within the set time.

[0069] Therefore, in the complete discharge process of the battery E1, as the battery E1 is discharged, the single chip computer working module 7 sequentially makes the common point A4, the common point A5, and the common point A6 high level.

[0070] In another embodiment: Here, three constant voltage and constant current sources are taken as an example, but the number of constant voltage and constant current sources is not limited in actual use.

[0071] In this example: See Figure 5 The single-chip microcomputer working module 7 includes a single-chip microcomputer U2, the IO3 port of the single-chip microcomputer U2 is connected to the common point A3, the IO4 port of the single-chip microcomputer U2 is connected to the common point A4, the IO5 port of the single-chip microcomputer U2 is connected to the common point A5, and the IO6 port of the single-chip microcomputer U2 is connected to the common point A6.

[0072] The single chip microcomputer U2 controls the change of the circuit working condition through the voltage signals at A3, A4, A5 and A6; and outputs two complementary square wave signals PWM1 and PWM2 to drive the inverter module 4 to convert DC power into AC power.

[0073] In another embodiment, the single-chip computer U2 can reference another output port to output a signal. When the third constant-voltage and constant-current source VDD3 charges the fourth capacitor C4 faster than the battery E1 charges the second capacitor C2, and the first amplifier U1 fails to output a high level within a set time, the newly added output port output signal drives a buzzer to alarm, reminding the staff to save data and that the battery E1 is running low.

[0074] In this example: See Figure 5 The power supply control module 8 includes a second relay J2, a third relay J3, a fourth relay J4, a seventh diode D7, an eighth diode D8, a ninth diode D9, a tenth diode D10, an eleventh diode D11, a twelfth diode D12, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, and a seventh resistor R7;

[0075] One end of the second relay J2 is connected to the cathode of the seventh diode D7 and the cathode of the tenth diode D10. The anode of the seventh diode D7 is connected to the common points A4, A5, and A6. The anode of the tenth diode D10 is connected to the other end of the second relay J2 and one end of the fifth resistor R5. The other end of the fifth resistor R5 is grounded.

[0076] One end of the third relay J3 is connected to the cathode of the eighth diode D8 and the cathode of the eleventh diode. The anode of the eighth diode D8 is connected to the common point A4 and the common point A5. The anode of the eleventh diode is connected to the other end of the third relay J3 and one end of the sixth resistor R6. The other end of the sixth resistor R6 is grounded.

[0077] One end of the fourth relay J4 is connected to the cathode of the ninth diode D9 and the cathode of the twelfth diode D12. The anode of the ninth diode D9 is connected to the common point A4. The anode of the twelfth diode D12 is connected to the other end of the fourth relay J4 and one end of the seventh resistor R7. The other end of the seventh resistor R7 is grounded.

[0078] When the second relay J2 is energized, it controls the second switch S2 to close, and the main electrical device X2 is powered on; when the third relay J3 is energized, it controls the third switch S3 to close, and the secondary electrical device X3 is powered on; when the fourth relay J4 is energized, it controls the fourth switch S4 to close, and the auxiliary electrical device X4 is powered on.

[0079] When the common point A4 outputs a high level, the voltage and current of the battery E1 are sufficient, and the output power is sufficient; when the common point A5 outputs a high level, the voltage and current of the battery E1 decrease, and the output power decreases; when the common point A6 outputs a high level, the voltage and current of the battery E1 further decrease, and the output power further decreases; therefore, when the common point A4 is a high level, the second relay J2, the third relay J3, and the fourth relay J4 are all energized and work, respectively controlling the second switch S2, the third switch S3, and the fourth switch S4 to close, and the main power device X2, the secondary power device X3, and the auxiliary power device X1 of the load X1 are closed. All electrical devices X4 are powered and operational; when the common point A5 is at a high level, the fourth relay J4 stops operating, the primary electrical device X2 and the secondary electrical device X3 of the load X1 are powered and operational, and the auxiliary electrical device X4 stops operating; when the common point A6 is at a high level, only the second relay J2 is powered and operational, and only the primary electrical device X2 of the load X1 is powered and operational. By monitoring the voltage and current information of the battery E1, the output power of the battery E1 is determined, thereby dynamically controlling whether the electrical devices of the load X1 are operational. In the event of a long-term mains power outage, the operating time of the primary electrical device X2 is maintained as long as possible.

[0080] In another embodiment, the operation of the main power device X2, the secondary power device X3, and the auxiliary power device X4 can also be controlled by controlling whether the bidirectional thyristor is turned on or off through a control signal.

[0081] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: the mains power supply module 1 is used to introduce the mains AC power and supply it to the step-down rectifier filter module 2 and the load working module 5; the step-down rectifier filter module 2 is used to convert the AC power into DC power and supply it to the switching and storage module 3; the switching and storage module 3 is used to store electric energy for the battery E1 when there is DC power input, and control the load working module 5 to use the mains AC power as the power supply; when there is no DC power input, the battery E1 supplies power to the inverter module 4, and controls the load working module 5 to use the AC power output by the inverter module 4 as the power supply; the inverter module 4 is used to convert the battery E1 into DC power. 1 converts the DC power output into AC power and supplies it to the load working module 5; the load working module 5 is used to power the load X1; the power judgment module 6 is used to detect the power of the battery E1, and when the power of the battery E1 reaches the set requirement, it outputs a voltage signal to the single-chip working module 7 within a set time; the single-chip working module 7 is used to gradually reduce the set power requirement of the battery E1 if it does not receive the voltage signal within the set time, until the set power requirement of the battery E1 reaches the minimum value; and according to whether the voltage signal is received within the set time, the working state of the power supply control module 8 is controlled;

[0082] The power supply control module 8 is used to set different priorities for the electrical devices in the load X1, and based on the control of the single-chip microcomputer working module 7, controls the electrical devices that reach the priority level to be powered on.

[0083] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-restrictive.

[0084] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. UPS power supply with automatic switching function, characterized in that: The UPS power supply with automatic switching function includes: The mains power supply module is used to introduce AC mains power to supply the step-down rectifier filter module and the load working module; Buck rectifier and filter module, used to convert AC power into DC power to supply switching and storage modules; The switching and storage module is used to store electrical energy in the battery when there is DC input, and control the load working module to use AC power as the power supply; when there is no DC input, the battery supplies power to the inverter module, and the load working module is controlled to use the AC power output by the inverter module as the power supply; The inverter module is used to convert the DC power output by the battery into AC power to supply the load working module; Load working module, used for load power supply operation; The power judgment module is used to detect the battery power. When the battery power reaches the set requirement, it outputs a voltage signal to the microcontroller working module within the set time; The single-chip computer working module is used to gradually reduce the set battery power requirement until the set battery power requirement reaches a minimum value if the voltage signal is not received within the set time; and control the working state of the power supply control module according to whether the voltage signal is received within the set time; The power supply control module is used to set different priorities for the electrical devices in the load, and based on the control of the single-chip working module, control the electrical devices that reach the priority to be powered on; The output end of the mains power supply module is connected to the input end of the step-down rectifier and filter module and the first input end of the load working module. The output end of the step-down rectifier and filter module is connected to the input end of the switching and storage module. The first output end of the switching and storage module is connected to the input end of the inverter module. The second output end of the switching and storage module is connected to the input end of the power judgment module. The output end of the inverter module is connected to the second input end of the load working module. The output end of the power judgment module is connected to the input end of the single-chip computer working module. The output end of the single-chip computer working module is connected to the input end of the power supply control module. The output end of the power supply control module is connected to the third input end of the load working module. The power judgment module includes: a battery power detection unit, configured to introduce a battery voltage and current to charge the second capacitor, and provide a first voltage signal to the non-inverting terminal of the first amplifier when the second capacitor is charged to a first set voltage; a comparative power detection unit, configured to introduce a constant voltage and constant current source to charge the fourth capacitor, and provide a second voltage signal to the inverting terminal of the first amplifier when the fourth capacitor is charged to a second set voltage, wherein the second set voltage is greater than the first set voltage, and the second voltage signal is greater than the first voltage signal; The input end of the battery power detection unit is connected to the second output end of the switching and storage module, the output end of the battery power detection unit is connected to the non-inverting end of the first amplifier, the output end of the comparison power detection unit is connected to the inverting end of the first amplifier, and the output end of the first amplifier is connected to the input end of the single-chip microcomputer working module.

2. The UPS power supply with automatic switching function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switching and storage module includes a first relay, a second resistor, a second diode, a first resistor, a first diode, a battery, and a fifth control port of the first switch. One end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the first relay, the negative electrode of the second diode, and the output end of the step-down rectifier and filter module. The other end of the first relay is connected to the positive electrode of the second diode and one end of the second resistor. The other end of the second resistor is grounded. The other end of the first resistor is connected to the positive electrode of the first diode. The negative electrode of the first diode is connected to the positive electrode of the battery, the common point A9, and one end of the fifth control port of the first switch. The negative electrode of the battery is grounded. The other end of the fifth control port of the first switch is connected to the input end of the inverter module.

3. The UPS power supply with automatic switching function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load working module includes a load, a first control port of the first switch, a second control port of the first switch, a third control port of the first switch, and a fourth control port of the first switch. One end of the first control port of the first switch is connected to the output end of the AC power supply module, the other end of the first control port of the first switch is connected to the common point A7, one end of the load, and one end of the third control port of the first switch. One end of the second control port of the first switch is connected to the output end of the AC power supply module, the other end of the second control port of the first switch is connected to the common point A8, the other end of the load, and one end of the fourth control port of the first switch. The other end of the third control port of the first switch is connected to the output end of the inverter module, and the other end of the fourth control port of the first switch is connected to the output end of the inverter module.

4. The UPS power supply with automatic switching function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery power detection unit includes a third diode, a first capacitor, a third resistor, a first potentiometer, a second capacitor, a fourth transistor, and a fourth diode. The anode of the third diode is connected to the common point A9, the cathode of the third diode is connected to one end of the first capacitor and one end of the third resistor, the other end of the first capacitor is grounded, the other end of the third resistor is connected to one end of the first potentiometer, the other end of the first potentiometer is connected to one end of the second capacitor, the collector of the fourth transistor, and the cathode of the fourth diode, the other end of the second capacitor is grounded, the emitter of the fourth transistor is grounded, the base of the fourth transistor is connected to the output end of the first amplifier, and the anode of the fourth diode is connected to the non-inverting end of the first amplifier.

5. The UPS power supply with automatic switching function according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The comparative power detection unit includes a first constant voltage and constant current source, a second constant voltage and constant current source, a third constant voltage and constant current source, a first MOS tube, a second MOS tube, a third MOS tube, a sixth diode, a third capacitor, a fourth resistor, a second potentiometer, a fourth capacitor, a fifth transistor, and a fifth diode. The first constant voltage and constant current source is connected to the D pole of the first MOS tube, the G pole of the first MOS tube is connected to the common point A4, the S pole of the first MOS tube is connected to the S pole of the second MOS tube, the S pole of the third MOS tube, and the positive pole of the sixth diode. The second constant voltage and constant current source is connected to the D pole of the second MOS tube, and the G pole of the second MOS tube is connected to the positive pole of the sixth diode. Connected to the common point A5, the third constant-voltage and constant-current source is connected to the D electrode of the third MOS tube, the G electrode of the third MOS tube is connected to the common point A6, the cathode of the sixth diode is connected to one end of the third capacitor and one end of the fourth resistor, the other end of the third capacitor is grounded, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to one end of the second potentiometer, the other end of the second potentiometer is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor, the collector of the fifth transistor, and the cathode of the fifth diode, the other end of the fourth capacitor is grounded, the emitter of the fifth transistor is grounded, the base of the fifth transistor is connected to the output end of the first amplifier, and the anode of the fifth diode is connected to the inverting end of the first amplifier.

6. The UPS power supply with automatic switching function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single-chip microcomputer working module includes a single-chip microcomputer, the IO3 port of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the common point A3, the IO4 port of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the common point A4, the IO5 port of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the common point A5, and the IO6 port of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the common point A6.

7. The UPS power supply with automatic switching function according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The power supply control module includes a second relay, a third relay, a fourth relay, a seventh diode, an eighth diode, a ninth diode, a tenth diode, an eleventh diode, a twelfth diode, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, and a seventh resistor; One end of the second relay is connected to the cathode of the seventh diode and the cathode of the tenth diode, the anode of the seventh diode is connected to common points A4, A5, and A6, the anode of the tenth diode is connected to the other end of the second relay and one end of the fifth resistor, and the other end of the fifth resistor is grounded; One end of the third relay is connected to the cathode of the eighth diode and the cathode of the eleventh diode, the anode of the eighth diode is connected to the common point A4 and the common point A5, the anode of the eleventh diode is connected to the other end of the third relay and one end of the sixth resistor, and the other end of the sixth resistor is grounded; One end of the fourth relay is connected to the cathode of the ninth diode and the cathode of the twelfth diode, the anode of the ninth diode is connected to the common point A4, the anode of the twelfth diode is connected to the other end of the fourth relay and one end of the seventh resistor, and the other end of the seventh resistor is grounded; When the second relay is energized, it controls the second switch to close, and the main electrical equipment is powered on; when the third relay is energized, it controls the third switch to close, and the secondary electrical equipment is powered on; when the fourth relay is energized, it controls the fourth switch to close, and the auxiliary electrical equipment is powered on.

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