Array antenna debugging method

Abstract

The invention discloses a debugging method for an array antenna, and relates to the technical field of antenna debugging, and the method comprises the steps: interacting the standardization characteristics of a target array antenna; array mutual coupling factors are mined, a multi-element radio frequency environment is combined, coupling influence analysis is carried out, and a characteristic coupling relation is determined; building an adaptive debugging module based on the characteristic coupling relation and the standardization characteristic; and testing and acquiring a test signal, performing a debugging decision in a preset radio frequency environment in combination with the adaptive debugging module, determining a pre-debugging strategy, and performing debugging management on the target array antenna based on the pre-debugging strategy. The technical problem that in the prior art, due to the influence of array mutual coupling factors and the radio frequency environment, the operation efficiency and the performance stability of the antenna are poor is solved, and the purposes that debugging of the array antenna is carried out by deeply analyzing the influence of the array mutual coupling factors and the radio frequency environment on the antenna performance, and the debugging efficiency is improved are achieved. And the operation efficiency and the performance stability of the antenna are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of antenna debugging, and particularly to a debugging method for an array antenna. Background Art

[0002] An array antenna is composed of multiple antenna elements. Through reasonable layout and signal processing technologies, it can achieve directional transmission and reception of signals, improving the directivity, gain, anti-interference ability, etc. of a wireless communication system. It is widely used in military, aerospace, wireless communication and other fields. Specific performance indicators need to be met, such as gain, bandwidth, directivity, polarization mode, etc. At the same time, the debugging of the array antenna also needs to consider the actual application scenario of the system, such as the influence of factors such as terrain, buildings, and electromagnetic environment on communication signals.

[0003] However, due to the mutual coupling factors between array antennas and the fact that various different radio frequency environments will be faced in actual applications, such as different frequencies, signal intensities, multipath effects, etc., there are also problems of poor operating efficiency and performance stability of the array antenna. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a debugging method for an array antenna, which is used to solve the technical problem that the operating efficiency and performance stability of the antenna are poor due to the influence of array mutual coupling factors and radio frequency environment in the prior art.

[0005] In the first aspect of this application, a debugging method for an array antenna is provided. The method includes: interacting the standardized characteristics of the target array antenna, where the standardized characteristics include spatial layout, transmission characteristics, and excitation characteristics; mining array mutual coupling factors, combining a multi-element radio frequency environment, conducting coupling influence analysis, and determining characteristic coupling relationships, where the array mutual coupling factors include gain mutual coupling and interference mutual coupling; based on the characteristic coupling relationships and the standardized characteristics, building an adaptive debugging module, where the adaptive debugging module includes a beamforming block and a trade-off debugging block, and the trade-off debugging block uses differential evolution as the decision-making method; testing and obtaining test signals, combining the adaptive debugging module, making a debugging decision under a preset radio frequency environment, and determining a pre-debugging strategy, where the debugging decision is a single-frequency debugging decision or a multi-frequency debugging decision; based on the pre-debugging strategy, conducting debugging management on the target array antenna.

[0006] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: A debugging method for an array antenna provided by the present application relates to the technical field of antenna debugging. By interacting with the standardized characteristics of the target array antenna, mutual coupling factors of the array are explored, combined with a multi-radio-frequency environment, coupling influence analysis is carried out to determine the characteristic coupling relationship. Based on the characteristic coupling relationship and the standardized characteristics, an adaptive debugging module is built, and a test signal is obtained for debugging decision-making in a preset radio-frequency environment to determine a pre-debugging strategy, and debugging management is carried out on the target array antenna, solving the technical problem in the prior art that due to the influence of array mutual coupling factors and radio-frequency environment, the operating efficiency and performance stability of the antenna are poor, and achieving the technical effect of improving the operating efficiency and performance stability of the antenna by deeply analyzing the influence of array mutual coupling factors and radio-frequency environment on the antenna performance for debugging the array antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for description in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0008] Figure 1 Schematic flow chart of a debugging method for an array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 Schematic flow chart of debugging decision-making and optimization iteration in a debugging method for an array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 Schematic flow chart of determining a pre-debugging strategy in a debugging method for an array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0009] The present application provides a debugging method for an array antenna, which is used to solve the technical problem in the prior art that due to the influence of array mutual coupling factors and radio-frequency environment, the operating efficiency and performance stability of the antenna are poor.

[0010] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, rather than all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0011] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application described here can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or server comprising a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or modules not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0012] Embodiment 1 As Figure 1 shown, the present application provides a debugging method for an array antenna, and the method includes: P10: Interact with the standardized characteristics of the target array antenna, and the standardized characteristics include spatial layout, transmission characteristics, and excitation characteristics.

[0013] It should be understood that by interacting with the array antenna designer, manufacturer, or tester, the standardized characteristics of the target array antenna are obtained. The standardized characteristics are the basis for array antenna design and performance evaluation, including spatial layout, transmission characteristics, and excitation characteristics. Among them, the spatial layout refers to the physical arrangement of each antenna element (or called array element) in the array antenna, including the spacing between array elements, the shape of the array (such as linear array, planar array, circular array, etc.), the orientation of the array elements, etc. The spatial layout directly affects performance parameters such as the radiation pattern, beam width, and beam pointing of the array antenna.

[0014] At the same time, the transmission characteristics describe the transmission performance of the array antenna under different frequencies and signal conditions, including the frequency response, bandwidth, gain, phase characteristics, etc. of the array antenna. The transmission characteristics reflect the working ability and performance of the array antenna at different frequencies. The excitation characteristics refer to how to drive or excite each array element in the array antenna, including parameters such as the excitation amplitude, phase, and time delay of the array element. By adjusting these parameters, performance parameters such as the radiation pattern, beam pointing, and beam width of the array antenna can be controlled, so as to achieve specific communication or radar functions.

[0015] By obtaining the standardized characteristics, it can provide basic data and reference basis for subsequent debugging work, ensuring the accuracy and effectiveness of the debugging work. At the same time, the standardized characteristics are also an important basis for evaluating the performance of the array antenna and comparing different array antenna design schemes.

[0016] P20: Explore the array mutual coupling factors, combine with the multi - element RF environment, conduct coupling impact analysis, determine the characteristic coupling relationship, where the array mutual coupling factors include gain mutual coupling and interference mutual coupling.

[0017] Further, step P20 of the embodiment of this application further includes: P21: Guided by the spatial layout and based on the standard RF environment, analyze and determine the standard coupling relationship. Among them, the standard coupling relationship is the impact relationship of mutual coupling factors on the mapping characteristics, and the mutual coupling standard is single - factor multi - unit mutual coupling and multi - factor multi - unit mutual coupling; P22: Traverse the multi - element RF environment, combine with the standard RF environment, and measure the effective environmental characteristic difference; P23: For the effective environmental characteristic difference, determine the impact relationship between characteristic change - coupling relationship change, and determine the environmental impact relationship; P24: Based on the standard coupling relationship and the environmental impact relationship, determine the characteristic coupling relationship.

[0018] Optionally, exploring the array mutual coupling factors, that is, the mutual coupling factors of the array antenna, includes gain mutual coupling and interference mutual coupling. The gain mutual coupling refers to the impact of one antenna element on the gain of another antenna element, while the interference mutual coupling describes the interference of one antenna element on the received or transmitted signal of another antenna element. And combine with the multi - element RF environment, conduct coupling impact analysis, analyze the impacts of different mutual coupling factors in different RF environments, and determine the characteristic coupling relationship.

[0019] Specifically, the spatial layout is the basis of array antenna design, and different spatial layouts will result in different mutual coupling characteristics. Therefore, guided by the spatial layout and based on the standard RF environment, analyze the impact of the spatial layout on the mutual coupling factors, and determine the standard coupling relationship. Here, the standard coupling relationship refers to the impact relationship of mutual coupling factors on the mapping characteristics of the array antenna under the conditions of single - factor multi - unit mutual coupling or multi - factor multi - unit mutual coupling.

[0020] Further, traverse the multi - element RF environment, compare with the standard RF environment, and measure the effective characteristic difference between the multi - element RF environment and the standard RF environment. Among them, the effective characteristics are the environmental characteristics that have an impact on characteristics such as signal transmission, such as magnetic fields, interference sources, etc., and the effective characteristic difference reflects the impact degree of different RF environments on the performance of the array antenna. Further, analyze how the effective environmental characteristic difference affects the coupling relationship of the array antenna, that is, how characteristic change leads to coupling relationship change. Through this process, the impact relationship of the RF environment on the coupling relationship of the array antenna, that is, the environmental impact relationship, can be determined.

[0021] Further, by combining the standard coupling relationship and the environmental impact relationship, the characteristic coupling relationship of the array antenna is finally determined. The characteristic coupling relationship comprehensively considers the spatial layout, transmission characteristics, excitation characteristics of the array antenna, and the influence of different radio frequency environments on the mutual coupling factors, providing an important reference basis for subsequent debugging work.

[0022] Further, step P20 of the embodiment of the present application further includes: P25: For the characteristic coupling relationship, positively identify the factor vectors of gain mutual coupling and negatively identify the factor vectors of interference mutual coupling.

[0023] Specifically, the factor vectors in the characteristic coupling relationship that are related to gain mutual coupling are identified as positive factor vectors, indicating that these factors have a positive correlation with the improvement of the overall performance or the increase in gain of the array antenna system. Contrary to gain mutual coupling, the factor vectors related to interference mutual coupling are identified as negative factor vectors, indicating that these factors have a positive correlation with the decrease in the overall performance or the increase in interference of the array antenna system. By positively and negatively identifying the factor vectors of gain mutual coupling and interference mutual coupling, it is possible to more clearly understand the influence methods and degrees of different factors in the array antenna system. This helps to quickly locate and process the key factors that have an important impact on the system performance during subsequent debugging, optimization, or troubleshooting processes.

[0024] P30: Based on the characteristic coupling relationship and the standardized characteristics, an adaptive debugging module is built, where the adaptive debugging module includes a beamforming block and a trade-off debugging block, and the trade-off debugging block uses differential evolution as the decision-making method.

[0025] Specifically, based on the characteristic coupling relationship and the standardized characteristics, an adaptive debugging module is built. The adaptive debugging module can be used to achieve intelligent debugging and optimization of the array antenna, and the adaptive debugging module includes a beamforming block and a trade-off debugging block.

[0026] Among them, the beamforming block is responsible for optimizing and adjusting the radiation pattern of the array antenna, that is, adjusting the shape and direction of the beam. Beamforming is an important technology in antenna design, which can improve the transmission efficiency and capacity of signals, and at the same time reduce the influence of interference and noise. At the same time, the trade-off debugging block uses the differential evolution algorithm as the decision-making method to weigh and adjust the performance parameters of the array antenna. Among them, the differential evolution algorithm is a global optimization search strategy, which has a strong ability to remember the individual optimal solutions and a population search ability, and is suitable for solving complex multi-parameter optimization problems.

[0027] In summary, the adaptive debugging module can automatically adjust and optimize the performance parameters of the antenna according to the characteristic coupling relationship and standardized characteristics of the array antenna, thereby improving the performance and efficiency of the array antenna. This adaptability makes the debugging process more efficient and accurate.

[0028] P40: Test and obtain a test signal, combine the adaptive debugging module, make a debugging decision under a preset radio frequency environment, and determine a pre-debugging strategy, wherein the debugging decision is a single-frequency debugging decision or a multi-frequency debugging decision.

[0029] Furthermore, step P40 of the embodiment of the present application also includes: P41: Read the test signal, combine it with the beamforming block, determine the signal beam and locate the defect, and determine the debugging requirements; P42: Based on the debugging requirements, debugging decisions and optimization iterations are performed in combination with the trade-off debugging block, and the optimal selection is made as the pre-debugging strategy.

[0030] In a possible embodiment of the present application, the array antenna is tested in a preset radio frequency environment, and a test signal is obtained and input into an adaptive debugging module, and the beamforming block and the trade-off debugging block in the module are used for analysis and processing to determine the pre-debugging strategy. Specifically, first, the test signal is read from the test device, and the beamforming block in the adaptive debugging module is used to analyze the test signal to determine the beam shape and direction of the signal, and then the defect is located according to the beam shape and direction, that is, to find out the problems and defects in the beam forming of the array antenna, such as beam pointing deviation, inappropriate beam width, etc. And the debugging requirements are determined according to the results of the defect location, including determining the parameters and indicators that need to be debugged, as well as the performance requirements expected to be achieved.

[0031] Furthermore, the trade-off debugging block in the adaptive debugging module is used to make debugging decisions and optimization iterations according to the debugging requirements and constraints, for example, using optimization methods such as differential evolution algorithms to find the optimal debugging parameter combination. During the optimization iteration process, the trade-off debugging block will continuously evaluate the performance of different parameter combinations and select the optimal solution as the pre-debugging strategy. The pre-debugging strategy will meet the debugging requirements as much as possible and achieve the expected performance requirements, which can provide guidance for subsequent actual debugging work.

[0032] Further, such as Figure 2 As shown, step P42 of the embodiment of the present application also includes: P42-1: Determine the characteristic coupling relationship of the preset radio frequency environment and perform decision space constraints; P42-2: Based on the decision space and the debugging requirements, determine a debugging target and determine an initial debugging strategy; P42-3: Determine the mutation strategy and crossover strategy, perform differential vector mutation and crossover iteration processing on the initial debugging strategy, iterate until convergence, and select the debugging strategy with the maximum fitness as the pre-debugging strategy. Among them, the mutation strategy and crossover strategy for each iteration layer can be different.

[0033] Specifically, the process of making debugging decisions and performing optimization iteration based on the debugging requirements can be as follows: First, it is necessary to determine the characteristic coupling relationship of the array antenna in the preset radio frequency environment, including considering the coupling effects of factors such as spatial layout, transmission characteristics, and excitation characteristics in a specific radio frequency environment. Further, based on the determined characteristic coupling relationship, the search space of the debugging decision is restricted, thereby narrowing the search range, improving the optimization efficiency, and ensuring that the finally obtained debugging strategy meets the performance requirements of the actual environment and the array antenna.

[0034] Further, according to the debugging requirements and the characteristics of the preset radio frequency environment, clarify the debugging objectives. For example, possible objectives are to optimize the gain of the array antenna, reduce the beam pointing deviation, reduce interference, etc. Then, in the decision space, based on the debugging objectives and debugging requirements, determine an initial debugging strategy. The initial strategy can be an experience-based strategy or a randomly generated strategy.

[0035] Further, the mutation strategy and crossover strategy in the differential evolution algorithm are key factors affecting the algorithm performance. In each iteration, different mutation strategies and crossover strategies can be selected according to the actual situation and needs to increase the flexibility and adaptability of the algorithm. Based on the determined mutation strategy and crossover strategy, perform differential vector mutation and crossover iteration processing on the initial debugging strategy. In each round of iteration, the algorithm will generate a new debugging strategy and evaluate its fitness. The strategy with high fitness will be retained for the next round of iteration. Repeat the above differential vector mutation and crossover iteration processing process until the convergence condition is met, such as reaching the preset number of iterations, the fitness improvement is not obvious, etc. After the iteration converges, select the strategy with the highest fitness from all the generated debugging strategies as the pre-debugging strategy to guide the subsequent actual debugging work. It should be noted that during the iteration process, the mutation strategy and crossover strategy for each iteration layer can be different, which helps to increase the diversity and search ability of the algorithm and improve the possibility of finding the global optimal solution.

[0036] Further, as Figure 3 shown, the embodiment of the present application further includes step P40a, and step P40a further includes: P41a: The target array antenna is a single-frequency antenna or a multi-frequency antenna; P42a: If the array antenna is a multi-frequency antenna, perform single-frequency debugging to determine multiple single-frequency debugging strategies. The multiple single-frequency debugging strategies correspond to the antenna frequency bands one by one, and the single-frequency debugging strategies have interval properties. P43a: Traverse the multiple single - frequency debugging strategies and fit to determine the array debugging information; P44a: Based on the multi - frequency mutual influence, compensate and calibrate the array debugging information to determine the pre - debugging strategy.

[0037] It should be understood that the target array antenna is a single - frequency antenna or a multi - frequency antenna. When the target array antenna is a multi - frequency antenna, the mutual influence between different frequency bands needs to be considered during the debugging process. Specifically, if the array antenna is a multi - frequency antenna, single - frequency debugging needs to be performed to determine multiple single - frequency debugging strategies, that is, single - frequency debugging needs to be carried out for each frequency band to determine multiple single - frequency debugging strategies. The multiple single - frequency debugging strategies correspond one - to - one with the antenna frequency bands to ensure that each frequency band can be appropriately optimized. And because in practical applications, the performance of the array antenna may be affected by various factors such as environmental changes and equipment aging. Therefore, the single - frequency debugging strategy needs to have a certain adaptability, that is, each single - frequency debugging strategy has a certain interval to adapt to these changes. For example, for the impedance matching adjustment of a dual - frequency antenna, after the adjustment of one frequency band is satisfied, it may not be suitable for another frequency band, or the adjustment of one frequency band may affect another frequency band, and a balanced adjustment needs to be carried out taking both into account.

[0038] Furthermore, traversing the multiple single - frequency debugging strategies and fitting to determine the array debugging information means integrating the multiple single - frequency debugging strategies to form a unified array debugging plan. And because there may be mutual influence between different frequency bands of a multi - frequency antenna, that is, multi - frequency mutual influence, it is necessary to compensate and calibrate the array debugging information based on the multi - frequency mutual influence to determine the pre - debugging strategy. Exemplarily, first, it is necessary to analyze the mutual influence relationship between different frequency bands of the multi - frequency antenna, and according to the analysis results, calibrate and compensate the array debugging information, including adjusting certain parameters, optimizing algorithms, etc., to ensure that the multi - frequency array antenna can be appropriately debugged and optimized at different frequency bands, and generate the pre - debugging strategy.

[0039] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present application further includes step P40b, and step P40b further includes: P41b: Obtain the service status of the target array antenna and determine the value of the state attenuation; P42b: Conduct a correlation analysis on the value of the state attenuation and the strategy parameters of the pre - debugging strategy to determine the state compensation data; P43b: Based on the state compensation data, perform a compensation adjustment on the pre - debugging strategy.

[0040] Optionally, the service status of the array antenna may change with the passage of time and the influence of the external environment, resulting in a degradation in its performance. Therefore, the service status of the array antenna needs to be considered when formulating a debugging strategy. First, it is necessary to obtain the current service status of the target array antenna, including the time the antenna has been in service, the conditions of the environment in which it is located, and previous maintenance records. Then, based on the service status information obtained, the attenuation of the antenna performance is evaluated. The difference in performance indicators between the initial state and the current state of the antenna, such as the difference in gain, beam width, sidelobe level, etc., can be calculated by comparing and calculating, and the difference in each performance indicator is weighted according to the importance of the indicator, thereby determining a state attenuation value. The state attenuation value can reflect the degree to which the antenna performance has declined due to service time and environmental factors.

[0041] Furthermore, the policy parameters of the pre-debugging strategy are extracted, such as the adjustment amount of beamforming, the optimization target in the trade-off debugging, etc., and the state attenuation value is correlated with the policy parameters of the pre-debugging strategy for analysis, that is, the influence of the state attenuation value on each policy parameter is analyzed, and the specific value or range that needs to be compensated for each policy parameter is calculated.

[0042] Furthermore, the state compensation data is used to compensate and adjust the pre-debugging strategy. For example, the target shape of beamforming is modified, the optimization weight in the trade-off debugging is adjusted, or the initial setting value of certain parameters is changed. In this way, the performance attenuation of the antenna in the actual service process is corrected, the debugging strategy is closer to the actual application scenario, and the performance and stability of the array antenna after long-term service are improved.

[0043] P50: Based on the pre-debugging strategy, debug and manage the target array antenna.

[0044] Specifically, the pre-debugging strategy is used to debug and manage the target array antenna. First, according to the requirements of the pre-debugging strategy, the target array antenna is installed at the specified position, connected to the debugging tools and equipment, and the target array antenna is initially tested to obtain its initial performance parameters. According to the pre-debugging strategy, the various parameters of the antenna, such as frequency, power, direction, etc., are gradually adjusted, and during the debugging process, the debugging tools and equipment are used to monitor the performance parameters of the antenna in real time, such as gain, standing wave ratio, directivity, etc. After each parameter adjustment, the performance of the antenna is evaluated to determine whether the goal of the pre-debugging strategy is achieved. If the performance does not meet the expected goal, the pre-debugging strategy is iteratively adjusted according to the evaluation results, and the above debugging process is repeated. Ensure that the target array antenna is effectively debugged and managed based on the pre-debugging strategy, so that it can perform at its best in practical applications.

[0045] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present application further includes step P60, and step P60 further includes: P61: Read the self-check period of the target array antenna, and combine it with the pre-debugging strategy to determine the debugging status of the target array antenna; P62: Based on the debugging status, perform timing positioning between cycle nodes to determine the first debugging position; P63: Based on the first debugging position, adjust the periodic self-check nodes of the self-check period.

[0046] It should be understood that with the adjustment of the pre-debugging strategy, it is necessary to synchronously adjust the periodic self-check nodes of the target array antenna to fit the current state and avoid ineffective self-checks or missed checks, etc. First, read the self-check period of the target array antenna. The self-check period refers to the time interval for the antenna system to automatically perform performance checks and calibrations, which can be set by professionals according to historical fault records. Further, based on the read self-check period and the pre-debugging strategy, evaluate the current debugging status of the target array antenna. The debugging status may include different levels such as normal, requiring fine-tuning, requiring major repairs, etc., depending on the deviation degree between the performance parameters of the antenna and the performance goals set in the pre-debugging strategy.

[0047] Further, based on the debugging status, perform timing positioning between cycle nodes, including determining the start time, end time, and key time nodes in the middle of the next self-check period, and based on the timing positioning, combined with the debugging status, determine the first time position that needs to be debugged or calibrated, that is, the first debugging position. The first debugging position may be the start, end, or a specific intermediate node of the self-check period, specifically depending on the urgency and importance of the debugging.

[0048] Further, based on the first debugging position, adjust the periodic self-check nodes of the self-check period, including advancing or delaying the execution time of some self-check nodes to ensure necessary debugging and calibration at critical time points. Update the adjusted self-check nodes to the self-check plan of the target array antenna to ensure that the system can automatically perform self-checks and calibration operations according to the new plan. It realizes the automation and intelligence of the periodic self-check and debugging status management of the target array antenna, helps to improve the operation efficiency and performance stability of the antenna, and reduces the risk of service interruption or failure caused by performance degradation.

[0049] In summary, the embodiments of the present application at least have the following technical effects: The present application explores the array mutual coupling factors by interacting with the standardized characteristics of the target array antenna, combines the multi-radio frequency environment, conducts coupling impact analysis, determines the characteristic coupling relationship, builds an adaptive debugging module based on the characteristic coupling relationship and the standardized characteristics, obtains test signals to make debugging decisions in a preset radio frequency environment, determines the pre-debugging strategy, and conducts debugging management on the target array antenna.

[0050] The technical effect of debugging the array antenna is achieved by deeply analyzing the influence of array mutual coupling factors and the radio frequency environment on the antenna performance, so as to improve the operation efficiency and performance stability of the antenna.

[0051] It should be noted that the above-mentioned order of the embodiments of the present application is only for description and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. And the above description of specific embodiments of this specification is given. In addition, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0052] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included within the protection scope of the present application.

[0053] This specification and the drawings are only exemplary descriptions of the present application and are considered to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents within the scope of the present application. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the present application and its equivalent technologies, the present application is intended to include these changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A debugging method for an array antenna, characterized in that, The method includes: Interacting with the standardized characteristics of the target array antenna, where the standardized characteristics include spatial layout, transmission characteristics, and excitation characteristics; Mining array mutual coupling factors, combining with a multi - radio - frequency environment, conducting coupling impact analysis, and determining characteristic coupling relationships. The array mutual coupling factors include gain mutual coupling and interference mutual coupling; Based on the characteristic coupling relationships and the standardized characteristics, building an adaptive debugging module. Among them, the adaptive debugging module includes a beamforming block and a trade - off debugging block, and the trade - off debugging block uses differential evolution as the decision - making method; Testing and obtaining test signals, combining with the adaptive debugging module, making debugging decisions under a preset radio - frequency environment, and determining a pre - debugging strategy. Among them, the debugging decision is a single - frequency debugging decision or a multi - frequency debugging decision; Based on the pre - debugging strategy, conducting debugging management on the target array antenna.

2. The debugging method of an array antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The determination of the characteristic coupling relationship includes: Guided by the spatial layout and based on a standard radio - frequency environment, analyzing and determining the standard coupling relationship. Among them, the standard coupling relationship is the influence relationship of mutual coupling factors on mapping characteristics, and the mutual coupling standard is single - factor multi - unit mutual coupling and multi - factor multi - unit mutual coupling; Traversing the multi - radio - frequency environment, combining with the standard radio - frequency environment, and measuring the effective environmental characteristic difference; For the effective environmental characteristic difference, determining the influence relationship between characteristic trend change - coupling relationship trend change, and determining the environmental influence relationship; Based on the standard coupling relationship and the environmental influence relationship, determining the characteristic coupling relationship.

3. The debugging method of an array antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, For the characteristic coupling relationship, positively identifying the factor vector of gain mutual coupling and negatively identifying the factor vector of interference mutual coupling.

4. A debugging method for an array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The making of debugging decisions under a preset radio - frequency environment includes: Reading the test signal, combining with the beamforming block, determining the signal beam and conducting defect location, and determining the debugging requirements; Based on the debugging requirements, combining with the trade - off debugging block to conduct debugging decisions and optimization iterations, and making an optimal selection as the pre - debugging strategy.

5. The debugging method of an array antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that Combining with the trade - off debugging block to conduct debugging decisions and optimization iterations includes: Determining the characteristic coupling relationship of the preset radio - frequency environment and conducting decision - space constraints; Based on the decision - space, determining the debugging goal based on the debugging requirements and determining the initial debugging strategy; Determining the mutation strategy and the crossover strategy, performing differential - vector mutation and crossover iteration processing on the initial debugging strategy, iterating until convergence, and selecting the debugging strategy with the maximum fitness as the pre - debugging strategy. Among them, the mutation strategy and the crossover strategy of each iteration layer can be different.

6. A debugging method for an array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The array antenna is a single - frequency antenna or a multi - frequency antenna, including: If the array antenna is a multi - frequency antenna, conducting single - frequency debugging to determine multiple single - frequency debugging strategies. The multiple single - frequency debugging strategies correspond one - to - one with the antenna frequency bands, and the single - frequency debugging strategies have intervals; Traversing the multiple single - frequency debugging strategies, fitting and determining the array debugging information; Based on the multi - frequency mutual influence, compensating and calibrating the array debugging information to determine the pre - debugging strategy.

7. The debugging method of an array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that After determining the pre - debugging strategy, it includes: Obtaining the service status of the target array antenna and determining the value of state attenuation; Perform correlation analysis on the state attenuation value and the policy parameters of the pre-debugging strategy to determine state compensation data; Based on the state compensation data, perform compensation adjustment on the pre-debugging strategy.

8. A debugging method for an array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that After performing debugging management on the target array antenna, it includes: Read the self-check period of the target array antenna, and combine it with the pre-debugging strategy to determine the debugging state of the target array antenna; Based on the debugging state, perform timing positioning between cycle nodes to determine the first debugging position; Based on the first debugging position, perform periodic self-check node adjustment of the self-check period.

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