Photovoltaic module

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention relates to the photovoltaic field, and provides a photovoltaic module, which comprises a plurality of battery strings and a plurality of bus bars, the adjacent battery strings are connected in series / in parallel through the bus bars, and any battery string comprises a positive electrode end and a negative electrode end; the positive electrode ends of at least two battery strings in the plurality of battery strings are electrically connected with the first confluence part, and the negative electrode ends of at least two other battery strings in the plurality of battery strings are electrically connected with the second confluence part; the battery string comprises a plurality of battery pieces which are sequentially connected in series; the battery piece comprises a substrate with a first surface and a second surface which are oppositely arranged; the first carrier transmission layer is positioned on the first surface; the first electrode is electrically contacted with the first carrier transmission layer; the second carrier transmission layer is positioned on the second surface; the second electrode is electrically contacted with the second carrier transmission layer; according to the edge electric leakage structure in which different areas are respectively in electric contact with the first carrier transmission layer and the second carrier transmission layer, the construction mode of the photovoltaic module is at least simplified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of photovoltaics, and particularly to a photovoltaic module. Background Art

[0002] With the gradual depletion of fossil energy, photovoltaic cells, as a new energy alternative, are being used more and more widely. A photovoltaic cell is a device that converts the light energy of the sun into electrical energy. A photovoltaic junction box is a connecting device between a photovoltaic cell array composed of photovoltaic modules and a solar power control device. Its main function is to connect and protect the photovoltaic modules, connect the power generated by the photovoltaic cells to the external circuit, and conduct the current generated by the photovoltaic modules. A diode is a key component in the photovoltaic junction box. When a part of the photovoltaic module is shaded or fails, the shaded or faulty part of the photovoltaic module can cause the diode to enter reverse bias, which can cause it to dissipate power rather than generate power, reducing the risk of hot spot effects in the photovoltaic module.

[0003] However, heat is generated during the use of the diode. If this heat is not dissipated in time, it will affect the lifespan of the diode and at the same time cannot meet the electrical safety requirements. For example, the diode will reduce the performance of the system and can cause the photovoltaic cell to break down.

[0004] Therefore, the construction method of the photovoltaic junction box or the photovoltaic module still needs to be further studied. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a photovoltaic module, which is at least beneficial to simplifying the construction method of the photovoltaic module.

[0006] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, on the one hand, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a photovoltaic module, including: a plurality of battery strings and a plurality of busbars, adjacent battery strings are connected in series or in parallel through the busbars, and any one of the battery strings includes a positive extreme and a negative extreme; a first busbar portion and a second busbar portion, at least two of the positive extremes of the plurality of battery strings are electrically connected to the first busbar portion, and at least two other of the negative extremes of the plurality of battery strings are electrically connected to the second busbar portion; the battery string includes a plurality of sequentially connected solar cells; wherein, the solar cell includes: a substrate having a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other; a first carrier transport layer located on the first surface, and a first electrode in electrical contact with the first carrier transport layer; a second carrier transport layer located on the second surface, and a second electrode in electrical contact with the second carrier transport layer; an edge leakage structure, and different regions of the edge leakage structure are respectively in electrical contact with the first carrier transport layer and the second carrier transport layer.

[0007] In some embodiments, the first busbar portion includes: a first housing, a first conductive substrate located in the first housing, a first lead cable in electrical contact with the first conductive substrate, and a first connection line that electrically connects the positive electrodes of at least two of the plurality of battery strings to the first conductive substrate; wherein, the first housing includes a first opening and a second opening spaced apart from each other, the first opening is for the first connection line to enter the first housing, and the second opening is for the first lead cable to extend outside the first housing.

[0008] In some embodiments, the second busbar portion includes: a second housing, a second conductive substrate located in the second housing, a second lead cable in electrical contact with the second conductive substrate, and a second connection line that electrically connects the negative electrodes of at least two other of the plurality of battery strings to the second conductive substrate; wherein, the second housing includes a third opening and a fourth opening spaced apart from each other, the third opening is for the second connection line to enter the second housing, and the fourth opening is for the second lead cable to extend outside the second housing.

[0009] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further includes: an encapsulant film for covering the surface of the battery string; a cover plate for covering the surface of the encapsulant film facing away from the battery string, the cover plate includes a fifth opening; the first busbar portion is located on the surface of the cover plate facing away from the encapsulant film; the first busbar portion includes a first lead wire and a first sealant covering most of the surface of the first lead wire, wherein one of the two ends of the first lead wire is in electrical contact with the positive electrodes of at least two of the plurality of battery strings, and the fifth opening is for the first lead wire to penetrate the cover plate.

[0010] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further includes: an encapsulant film for covering the surface of the battery string; a cover plate for covering the surface of the encapsulant film facing away from the battery string, the cover plate includes a sixth opening; the second busbar portion is located on the surface of the cover plate facing away from the encapsulant film; the second busbar portion includes a second lead wire and a second sealant covering most of the surface of the second lead wire, wherein one of the two ends of the second lead wire is in electrical contact with the negative electrodes of at least two other of the plurality of battery strings, and the sixth opening is for the second lead wire to penetrate the cover plate.

[0011] In some embodiments, the battery string includes two sub-battery strings arranged at intervals in a first direction and connected in series with each other. A plurality of the battery strings are arranged at intervals in both the first direction and a second direction. The photovoltaic module includes a first edge region, a central region, and a second edge region arranged in sequence in the first direction; two adjacent battery strings in the first direction are connected in series through a bus bar; two adjacent battery strings located in the central region and in the second direction are connected in parallel through two bus bars; among two adjacent battery strings located in the first edge region and in the second direction, both negative electrodes are electrically connected to a bus bar, and both positive electrodes are electrically connected to the first current collecting portion; among two adjacent battery strings located in the second edge region and in the second direction, both positive electrodes are electrically connected to a bus bar, and both negative electrodes are electrically connected to the second current collecting portion.

[0012] In some embodiments, the distance between two adjacent sub-battery strings in the first direction and belonging to different battery strings is a reference distance, and the width of the sub-battery string in the first direction is a reference width; in the first direction, the length of the bus bar is less than or equal to the sum of the reference distance and twice the reference width.

[0013] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further includes: a cover plate covering the surface of the battery string, and both the first current collecting portion and the second current collecting portion are located on the surface of the cover plate facing away from the battery string; wherein, the cover plate includes a peripheral region and an inner peripheral region surrounded by the peripheral region, and both the first current collecting portion and the second current collecting portion are located in the peripheral region.

[0014] In some embodiments, the number of the edge leakage structures included in different battery cells is the same or different; and / or, the sizes of the edge leakage structures included in different battery cells are the same or different.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first carrier transport layer is a first doped semiconductor layer doped with a first doping element, the second carrier transport layer is a second doped semiconductor layer doped with a second doping element, and the first doping element and the second doping element have different conduction types.

[0016] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure have at least the following advantages:

[0017] A new type of cell for a photovoltaic module is designed. By utilizing the conductivity of the edge leakage structure, a conductive channel is established between the first side and the second side of the cell, enabling the cell to have the built-in ability to conduct reverse current. When the cell itself has defects or is shaded and becomes a relatively large load, the edge leakage structure plays a role in shunting, reducing the voltage and current divided by the cell acting as a load, thereby enhancing the anti-thermal spot performance of the cell. On this basis, for a photovoltaic module including multiple cell strings, there is no need to design a photovoltaic junction box including a diode. Instead, a first busbar is directly designed as the positive electrode interface of the entire photovoltaic module, and a second busbar is designed as the negative electrode interface of the entire photovoltaic module, which can ensure that the photovoltaic module has good anti-thermal spot performance while simplifying the structure of the photovoltaic module. Moreover, on the one hand, there is no need to design a photovoltaic junction box including a diode, making the structure of the photovoltaic module more concise, which is conducive to reducing the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic module; on the other hand, the components in the photovoltaic module are reduced, which helps to reduce material waste and improve the production capacity of the photovoltaic module; on the other hand, since an edge leakage structure is designed in each cell, there is no need to consider the correlation between the layout position of the diode and the arrangement of the cell strings when the diode needs to electrically connect two adjacent cell strings. No matter how the arrangement of the cell strings in the photovoltaic module changes, it is only necessary to electrically connect the positive extreme ends that are finally left unconnected to the busbars in multiple cell strings to the first busbar, and the negative extreme ends that are finally left unconnected to the busbars in multiple cell strings to the second busbar, which is conducive to improving the versatility of the first busbar and the second busbar and can be flexibly applied under different production scales and production line conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] One or more embodiments are exemplarily illustrated by the pictures in the corresponding drawings. These exemplary illustrations do not limit the embodiments unless otherwise stated. The figures in the drawings do not constitute a proportional limitation; in order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0019] Figure 1 A partial circuit schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 2 A partial circuit schematic diagram of a cell string in a photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0021] Figure 3 A partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a cell in a photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0022] Figure 4 is Figure 3 a top view schematic diagram of the battery cell shown;

[0023] Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first busbar portion in the photovoltaic module provided by the present disclosure;

[0024] Figure 6 is a first partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module provided by the present disclosure;

[0025] Figure 7 is a second partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module provided by the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 8 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the second busbar portion in the photovoltaic module provided by the present disclosure;

[0027] Figure 9 is a third partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module provided by the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 10 is a fourth partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module provided by the present disclosure;

[0029] Figure 11 is a partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0030] Figure 12 is Figure 11 a cross-sectional schematic diagram along the cross-section direction MM1. Detailed implementation manners

[0031] As can be seen from the background art, the structural manner of the photovoltaic junction box or the photovoltaic module still needs to be further studied.

[0032] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a photovoltaic module, which designs a novel cell for forming a photovoltaic module. By utilizing the conductivity of the edge leakage structure, a conductive channel is established between the first surface and the second surface of the cell, enabling the cell to have an inherent reverse current flow capacity. When the cell itself has defects or is blocked and becomes a relatively large load, the edge leakage structure plays a role in shunting, so that the voltage and current shared by the cell as a load are correspondingly reduced, thereby improving the anti-thermal-spot performance of the cell. On this basis, for a photovoltaic module including multiple cell strings, there is no need to design a photovoltaic junction box including a diode. Instead, a first busbar is directly designed as the positive electrode interface of the entire photovoltaic module, and a second busbar is designed as the negative electrode interface of the entire photovoltaic module, which can ensure that the photovoltaic module has good anti-thermal-spot performance while simplifying the structure of the photovoltaic module. Moreover, on the one hand, there is no need to design a photovoltaic junction box including a diode, making the structure of the photovoltaic module more concise, which is conducive to reducing the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic module; on the other hand, the components in the photovoltaic module are reduced, which helps to reduce material waste and improve the production capacity of the photovoltaic module; on the other hand, since an edge leakage structure is designed in each cell, there is no need to consider the correlation between the layout position of the diode and the arrangement mode of the cell strings when the diode needs to be electrically connected to two adjacent cell strings. No matter how the arrangement mode of the cell strings in the photovoltaic module changes, it is only necessary to electrically connect the positive electrode ends that are finally left unconnected to the busbars in multiple cell strings to the first busbar, and electrically connect the negative electrode ends that are finally left unconnected to the busbars in multiple cell strings to the second busbar, which is conducive to improving the versatility of the first busbar and the second busbar and enables flexible application under different production scales and production line conditions.

[0033] In the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity, specific order or primary-secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the meaning of "a plurality" is more than two, unless otherwise specifically and clearly defined.

[0034] Referring to "embodiments" herein means that the specific features, structures or characteristics described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. The phrase appears in various places in the specification and does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0035] In the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the term "and / or" is merely a relationship describing associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists, both A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists, these three situations. Additionally, in this text, the character " / " generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0036] In the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the term "plurality" refers to two or more (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to two or more groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more pieces (including two pieces).

[0037] In the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, for technical terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., the orientation or positional relationship indicated is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present disclosure and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0038] In the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation", "connection", "coupling", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can also be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0039] In the corresponding drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure, for better understanding and convenience of description, the thickness and area of the layer are enlarged. When describing a component (such as a layer, film, region, or substrate) on another component or on the surface of another component, the component can be "directly" on the surface of the other component, or there can be a third component between the two components. On the contrary, when describing a component on the surface of another component or when another component is formed or provided on the surface of a component, it means that there is no third component between the two components. In addition, when describing a component "substantially" formed on another component, it means that the component is not formed on the entire surface (or front surface) of the other component, nor on a partial edge of the entire surface.

[0040] In the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, when a certain component "includes" another component, unless otherwise stated, other components are not excluded, and other components may further be included. In addition, when a component such as a layer, film, region, or plate is referred to as being "on / located on" another component, it may be "directly on" the other component (i.e., on the surface of the other component with no other components therebetween), or there may be other components therebetween. In addition, when a component such as a layer, film, region, or plate is "directly located on" another component, or when a component such as a layer, film, region, or plate is located on the surface of another component, it means that no other components are located therebetween.

[0041] The terms used in the description of the various embodiments herein are for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and are not intended to be limiting. As used in the description of the various embodiments and the appended claims, "the component" is also intended to include the plural form unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Among them, the component includes components such as a layer, film, region, or plate.

[0042] The following will elaborate on the embodiments of the present disclosure in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that in the embodiments of the present disclosure, many technical details are provided to help readers better understand the embodiments of the present disclosure. However, even without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments, the technical solutions claimed in the embodiments of the present disclosure can still be implemented.

[0043] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a photovoltaic module. The following will detail the photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0044] With reference to Figures 1 to 4, the photovoltaic module includes: a plurality of cell strings 100 and a plurality of busbars 101. Adjacent cell strings 100 are connected in series or in parallel through the busbars 101. Any cell string 100 includes a positive electrode end 110 and a negative electrode end 120; a first busbar portion 102 and a second busbar portion 103. The positive electrode ends 110 of at least two cell strings 100 among the plurality of cell strings 100 are electrically connected to the first busbar portion 102, and the negative electrode ends 120 of at least two other cell strings 100 among the plurality of cell strings 100 are electrically connected to the second busbar portion 103; the cell string 100 includes a plurality of sequentially connected solar cells 104; wherein, the solar cell 104 includes: a substrate 114, the substrate 114 has a first surface 114a and a second surface 114b which are oppositely arranged; a first carrier transport layer 124 located on the first surface 114a, and a first electrode 134 in electrical contact with the first carrier transport layer 124; a second carrier transport layer 144 located on the second surface 114b, and a second electrode 154 in electrical contact with the second carrier transport layer 144; an edge leakage structure 164, different regions of the edge leakage structure 164 are electrically in contact with the first carrier transport layer 124 and the second carrier transport layer 144 respectively.

[0045] It should be noted that Figure 1 is a partial circuit schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 2 is a partial circuit schematic diagram of a cell string in a photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 3 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a solar cell in a photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 4 is Figure 3 a top view schematic diagram of the shown solar cell. In addition, Figure 1 the cell string 100 and the solar cell 104 are respectively schematically shown by dashed boxes of different sizes.

[0046] First, a new type of cell 104 that constitutes a photovoltaic module is designed. By means of the edge leakage structure 164 in the cell 104, the first carrier transport layer 124 located on the first surface 114a and the second carrier transport layer 144 located on the second surface 114b can be electrically connected. In this way, by utilizing the conductivity of the edge leakage structure 164, a conductive channel is established between the first surface 114a and the second surface 114b of the cell 104. When the cell 104 itself has defects or is blocked and becomes a relatively large load, the conductive channel established by the edge leakage structure 164 can serve as the current flow path in the cell 104, which can reduce the voltage across the cell 104 as a load, that is, the voltage between the first surface 114a and the second surface 114b. In other words, the edge leakage structure 164 plays a role in shunting, reducing the current flowing through the first electrode 134 and the second electrode 154 in the cell 104 with defects or being blocked, so that the voltage and current divided by the cell 104 as a load will also be correspondingly reduced. Therefore, at the cell 104 end in the photovoltaic module, the problem of local heating caused by current to the cell 104 can be reduced by means of the edge leakage structure 164, so as to improve the anti - hot - spot performance of the cell 104, and further ensure the safety of the cell 104 and increase the service life of the cell 104.

[0047] On the above basis, for a photovoltaic module including multiple cell strings 100, there is no need to consider the hot - spot effect caused when the cell 104 itself has defects or is blocked and becomes a relatively large load, and there is no need to design a photovoltaic junction box including a diode, that is, there is no need to rely on the reverse conduction of the diode to reduce the voltage and current divided by the cell string 100 to which the cell 104 as a load belongs. It is only necessary to directly design a first busbar 102 as the positive - pole interface of the entire photovoltaic module and design a second busbar 103 as the negative - pole interface of the entire photovoltaic module. Through the first busbar 102 and the second busbar 103, the currents on the multiple cell strings 100 in the photovoltaic module can be collected. In other words, the edge leakage structure 164 designed in the cell 104 can be used to replace the photovoltaic junction box. While ensuring that the photovoltaic module has good anti - hot - spot performance, the design of the photovoltaic junction box is abandoned, which is conducive to simplifying the construction method of the photovoltaic module.

[0048] Moreover, on the one hand, there is no need to design a photovoltaic junction box including a diode, making the structure of the photovoltaic module more concise. For example, compared with the commonly used three-piece photovoltaic junction box at present, that is, there are 3 photovoltaic junction boxes designed in a photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module designed in an embodiment of the present disclosure only needs to design a first busbar portion 102 and a second busbar portion 103, which is conducive to reducing the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic module. Specifically, the cost of the diode is reduced, and the connection cost between multiple battery strings 100 is reduced, that is, there is no need to design 3 photovoltaic junction boxes, and only a first busbar portion 102 and a second busbar portion 103 need to be designed.

[0049] On the other hand, the components in the photovoltaic module are reduced, which helps to reduce the waste of materials and improve the production capacity of the photovoltaic module; on the other hand, since an edge leakage structure 164 is designed in each battery chip 104, there is no need to consider the correlation between the layout position of the diode and the arrangement mode of the battery strings when the diode needs to be electrically connected to two adjacent battery strings. No matter how the arrangement mode of the battery strings 100 in the photovoltaic module changes, it is only necessary to electrically connect the positive extreme 110 that is finally left unconnected to the busbar 101 in multiple battery strings 100 to the first busbar portion 102, and the negative extreme 120 that is finally left unconnected to the busbar 101 in multiple battery strings 100 to the second busbar portion 103. In other words, the first busbar portion 102 and the second busbar portion 103 can be applied to various photovoltaic modules with different arrangement modes of the battery strings 100, and the layout positions of the first busbar portion 102 and the second busbar portion 103 in the photovoltaic module can be changed arbitrarily based on actual needs to improve the versatility of the first busbar portion 102 and the second busbar portion 103, and they can be flexibly applied under different production scales and production line conditions.

[0050] It should be emphasized that a solar power control device, such as an electrical device like an inverter, can be directly electrically connected to the photovoltaic module by means of the first busbar portion 102 and the second busbar portion 103 to collect and utilize the current in the photovoltaic module. In addition, only the busbar structure that realizes the series or parallel connection of adjacent battery strings 100 is regarded as the busbar 101, and other busbar structures will be described in detail later.

[0051] It should be noted that, for any battery string group in a photovoltaic module that includes multiple battery strings 100 connected in series in sequence, there is a head battery string at the head end and a tail battery string at the tail end. The positive electrode end 110 of one of the head battery string and the tail battery string is not electrically connected to the bus bar 101, and the negative electrode end 120 of the other is not electrically connected to the bus bar 101. The other positive electrode ends 110 and negative electrode ends 120 within the battery string group are connected in series in sequence by means of the bus bar 101. On this basis, the positive electrode ends 110 of at least two battery strings 100 among the multiple battery strings 100 refer to: the positive electrode ends 110 of the head battery strings in at least two battery string groups; the negative electrode ends 120 of at least two other battery strings 100 among the multiple battery strings 100 refer to: the negative electrode ends 120 of the tail battery strings in at least two battery string groups.

[0052] In addition, any battery string 100 has a head cell at the head end and a tail cell at the tail end. The positive electrode end 110 includes multiple solder tapes of one of the head cell and the tail cell, and the negative electrode end 120 includes multiple solder tapes of the other of the head cell and the tail cell.

[0053] The first bus bar portion 102 provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure includes at least the following two embodiments:

[0054] In some embodiments, with reference to Figure 1 and Figure 5 , Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first bus bar portion in the photovoltaic module provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure. The first bus bar portion 102 may include: a first housing 112, a first conductive substrate 122 located in the first housing 112, a first lead cable 132 in electrical contact with the first conductive substrate 122, and a first connection line 142 that electrically connects the positive electrode ends 110 of at least two battery strings 100 among the multiple battery strings 100 to the first conductive substrate 122; wherein, the first housing 112 includes a first opening 112a and a second opening 112b arranged at intervals. The first opening 112a is for the first connection line 142 to enter the first housing 112, and the second opening 112b is for the first lead cable 132 to extend outside the first housing 112.

[0055] It should be noted that Figure 5 taking the example that the first opening 112a and the second opening 112b can be cut by the same cross-section, in practical applications, the layout positions of the first opening and the second opening on the first housing can be flexibly adjusted according to requirements. For example, the first opening and the second opening cannot be cut by the same cross-section simultaneously.

[0056] It should be noted that since there is no need to design a diode, in addition to accommodating a part of the first lead cable 132 and a part of the first connection line 142 that serve as conductors, the first housing 112 only needs to accommodate the first conductive substrate 122, which helps to reduce the overall size of the first housing 112, thereby reducing the positive projection area of the first housing 112 on the first surface 114a (refer to Figure 3 ), so as to reduce the shielding of the first housing 112 on the cell 104, which is beneficial to further reduce the probability of the hot spot effect in the photovoltaic module, so as to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module. Moreover, the reduction of the overall size of the first housing 112 is also beneficial to reducing the manufacturing cost of the first housing 112, so as to further reduce the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic module.

[0057] It should be emphasized that the function of the first connection line 142 is to lead out the current at the positive electrode ends 110 of at least two of the plurality of battery strings 100 in the battery strings 100. The function of the first conductive substrate 122 is to realize the electrical connection between the first connection line 142 and the first lead cable 132, so that the current in the photovoltaic module can finally be led out through the first lead cable 132. Among them, one end of the first lead cable 132 is in electrical contact with the first conductive substrate 122, and the other end can be electrically connected to the solar power control device.

[0058] In some cases, the first conductive substrate 122 can be regarded as a welding support plate. The end of the first connection line 142 is welded to the first conductive substrate 122 by welding, and the end of the first lead cable 132 is welded to the first conductive substrate 122 by welding. In practical applications, the first lead cable and the first conductive substrate can also be an integrally formed structure.

[0059] In some cases, with reference to Figure 1 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 6 is the first partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. The photovoltaic module may further include: an encapsulation adhesive film 105 for covering the surface of the battery string 100; a cover plate 106 for covering the surface of the encapsulation adhesive film 105 facing away from the battery string 100; the first housing 112 is located on the side of the cover plate 106 away from the encapsulation adhesive film 105, and the first connection line 142 extends in the cover plate 106 and the encapsulation adhesive film 105 to finally extend to the positive electrode ends 110 of at least two of the plurality of battery strings 100. Among them, the cover plate 106 has a fifth opening 116 for leading out the first connection line 142.

[0060] In other embodiments, with reference to Figure 1 and Figure 7 , Figure 7The second partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure. The photovoltaic module may further include: an encapsulation film 105 for covering the surface of the battery string 100; a cover plate 106 for covering the surface of the encapsulation film 105 facing away from the battery string 100, the cover plate 106 includes a fifth opening 116; a first current collecting part 102 is located on the surface of the cover plate 106 facing away from the encapsulation film 105; the first current collecting part 102 includes a first lead-out wire 152 and a first sealant 162 covering most of the surface of the first lead-out wire 152, wherein one of the two ends of the first lead-out wire 152 is in electrical contact with the positive electrodes 110 of at least two of the multiple battery strings 100, and the fifth opening 116 is for the first lead-out wire 152 to penetrate the cover plate 106.

[0061] It should be noted that since there is no need to design a diode, it is only necessary to lead out the current in the photovoltaic module. Therefore, when designing a first current collecting part 102 as the positive electrode interface of the entire photovoltaic module, a wire can be directly designed, that is, one of the two ends of the first lead-out wire 152 is in electrical contact with the positive electrodes 110 of at least two of the multiple battery strings 100, and the other of the two ends is electrically connected to the solar power control device. In addition, to prevent the first lead-out wire 152 from being interfered by external impurities, such as water vapor, the first sealant 162 is designed to cover most of the surface of the first lead-out wire 152, which is beneficial to improving the service life of the first current collecting part 102.

[0062] In this way, the size of the first current collecting part 102 is mainly determined by the first sealant 162 covering the first lead-out wire 152. There is no need to provide a protective housing on the cover plate 106, which is beneficial to further reducing the overall size of the first current collecting part 102, so that the orthographic projection area of the first current collecting part 102 on the first surface 114a (refer to Figure 3 ) can be reduced, so as to reduce the shielding of the first current collecting part 102 on the battery cells 104, which is beneficial to further reducing the probability of the photovoltaic module having a hot spot effect and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module. Moreover, designing the first current collecting part 102 to only include the first lead-out wire 152 and the first sealant 162 is also beneficial to reducing the manufacturing cost of the first current collecting part 102 and further reducing the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic module.

[0063] The second current collecting part 103 provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure includes at least the following two embodiments:

[0064] In some embodiments, with reference to Figure 1 and Figure 8 , Figure 8A partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a second busbar portion in a photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. The second busbar portion 103 includes: a second housing 113, a second conductive substrate 123 located in the second housing 113, a second lead cable 133 in electrical contact with the second conductive substrate 123, and a second connecting wire 143 that electrically connects the negative electrodes 120 of at least two other battery strings 100 among the plurality of battery strings 100 and the second conductive substrate 123; wherein, the second housing 113 includes a third opening 113a and a fourth opening 113b that are spaced apart. The third opening 113a is for the second connecting wire 143 to enter the second housing 113, and the fourth opening 113b is for the second lead cable 133 to extend outside the second housing 113.

[0065] It should be noted that Figure 8 Taking the example that the third opening 113a and the fourth opening 113b can be cut by the same cross-section, in actual applications, the layout positions of the third opening and the fourth opening on the second housing can be flexibly adjusted according to requirements. For example, the third opening and the fourth opening cannot be cut by the same cross-section at the same time.

[0066] It is worth noting that since there is no need to design a diode, in addition to accommodating a part of the second lead cable 133 and a part of the second connecting wire 143 as conductors, the second housing 113 only needs to accommodate the second conductive substrate 123, which is beneficial to reducing the overall size of the second housing 113, thereby reducing the positive projection area of the second housing 113 on the first surface 114a (refer to Figure 3 ) to reduce the shading of the second housing 113 on the solar cell 104, which is beneficial to further reducing the probability of the photovoltaic module having a hot spot effect and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module. Moreover, the reduction in the overall size of the second housing 113 is also beneficial to reducing the manufacturing cost of the second housing 113 and further reducing the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic module.

[0067] It should be emphasized that the function of the second connecting wire 143 is to draw out the current at the negative electrodes 120 of at least two other battery strings 100 among the plurality of battery strings 100. The function of the second conductive substrate 123 is to achieve the electrical connection between the second connecting wire 143 and the second lead cable 133, so that the current in the photovoltaic module can finally be drawn out through the second lead cable 133. One end of the second lead cable 133 is in electrical contact with the second conductive substrate 123, and the other end can be electrically connected to a solar power control device.

[0068] In some cases, the second lead cable 133 can be regarded as a welding support plate. The end of the second connecting wire 143 is welded to the second conductive substrate 123 by welding, and the end of the second lead cable 133 is welded to the second conductive substrate 123 by welding. In practical applications, the second lead cable and the second conductive substrate can also be an integrally formed structure.

[0069] In some cases, with reference to Figure 1 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 , Figure 9 FIG. Figure 9 is a third partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. The photovoltaic module may further include: an encapsulant film 105 for covering the surface of the battery string 100; a cover plate 106 for covering the surface of the encapsulant film 105 facing away from the battery string 100; a second housing 113 is located on the side of the cover plate 106 away from the encapsulant film 105. The second connecting wire 143 extends in the cover plate 106 and the encapsulant film 105 to finally extend to the negative electrodes 120 of at least two other battery strings 100 among the plurality of battery strings 100. Wherein, the cover plate 106 has a sixth opening 126 for the second connecting wire 143 to lead out.

[0070] In other embodiments, with reference to Figure 1 and Figure 10 , Figure 10 FIG. Figure 10 is a fourth partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. The photovoltaic module may further include: an encapsulant film 105 for covering the surface of the battery string 100; a cover plate 106 for covering the surface of the encapsulant film 105 facing away from the battery string 100. The cover plate 106 includes a sixth opening 126; a second busbar 103 is located on the surface of the cover plate 106 facing away from the encapsulant film 105; the second busbar 103 includes a second lead wire 153 and a second sealant 163 covering most of the surface of the second lead wire 153. Wherein, one of the two ends of the second lead wire 153 is in electrical contact with the negative electrodes 120 of at least two other battery strings 100 among the plurality of battery strings 100, and the sixth opening 126 is used for the second lead wire 153 to penetrate the cover plate 106.

[0071] It should be noted that since there is no need to design a diode, only the current in the photovoltaic module needs to be led out. Therefore, when designing a second busbar 103 as the positive electrode interface of the entire photovoltaic module, a wire can be directly designed, that is, one of the two ends of the second lead wire 153 is in electrical contact with the negative electrodes 120 of at least two other battery strings 100 among the plurality of battery strings 100, and the other end is electrically connected to the solar power control device. In addition, to prevent the second lead wire 153 from being interfered by external impurities, such as water vapor, a second sealant 163 is designed to cover most of the surface of the second lead wire 153, which is beneficial to improving the service life of the second busbar 103.

[0072] Thus, the size of the second current collecting part 103 is mainly determined by the second sealant 163 covering the second lead-out wire 153. There is no need to provide a protective housing on the cover plate 106, which is beneficial to further reducing the overall size of the second current collecting part 103, so that the positive projection area of the second current collecting part 103 on the first surface 114a (refer to Figure 3 ) can be reduced, so as to reduce the shielding of the second current collecting part 103 on the solar cell 104, which is beneficial to further reducing the probability of the hot spot effect occurring in the photovoltaic module, so as to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module. Moreover, designing the second current collecting part 103 to only include the second lead-out wire 153 and the second sealant 163 is also beneficial to reducing the manufacturing cost of the second current collecting part 103, so as to further reduce the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic module.

[0073] In the above various embodiments, refer to Figure 1 , the battery string 100 includes two sub-battery strings 130 arranged at intervals along the first direction X and connected in series with each other. A plurality of battery strings 100 are arranged at intervals along the first direction X. The photovoltaic module includes a first edge area 107, a central area 117, and a second edge area 127 arranged in sequence along the first direction X; two adjacent battery strings 100 along the first direction X are connected in series through a bus bar 101; two adjacent battery strings 100 in the central area 117 along the second direction Y are connected in parallel through two bus bars 101; among two adjacent battery strings 100 in the first edge area 107 along the second direction Y, both negative terminals 120 are electrically connected to a bus bar 101, and both positive terminals 110 are electrically connected to the first current collecting part 102; among two adjacent battery strings 100 in the second edge area 127 along the second direction Y, both positive terminals 110 are electrically connected to a bus bar 101, and both negative terminals 120 are electrically connected to the second current collecting part 103.

[0074] It should be noted that Figure 1 the sub-battery string 130 is schematically shown by a dashed box in

[0075] It is worth noting that a bus bar 101 can be in electrical contact with the positive terminal 110 of one of two adjacent battery strings 100 along the first direction X and the negative terminal 120 of the other; the fact that two adjacent battery strings 100 in the central area 117 along the second direction Y are connected in parallel through two bus bars 101 means that the positive terminals 110 of two adjacent battery strings 100 in the central area 117 along the second direction Y are both in electrical contact with a bus bar 101, and the negative terminals 120 of two adjacent battery strings 100 in the central area 117 along the second direction Y are both in electrical contact with the other bus bar 101.

[0076] It should be noted that Figure 1Only the central region 117 including two battery strings 100 connected in parallel in the second direction Y is taken as an example. In practical applications, two battery strings connected in parallel in the second direction are taken as a group of parallel strings, and the central region may include multiple groups of parallel strings connected in series in sequence along the first direction X.

[0077] In the above various embodiments, referring to Figure 1 , the spacing between two sub-battery strings 130 adjacent along the first direction X and belonging to different battery strings 100 is the reference spacing, and the width of the sub-battery string 130 in the first direction X is the reference width; along the first direction X, the length of the bus bar 101 is less than or equal to the sum of the reference spacing and twice the reference width.

[0078] It should be noted that for the clarity of the illustration, Figure 1 only the positive electrode end 110 and the negative electrode end 120 are schematically shown by lines. In practical applications, any battery string has a head battery cell at the head end and a tail battery cell at the tail end. The positive electrode end includes a plurality of welding tapes of one of the head battery cell and the tail battery cell, and the negative electrode end includes a plurality of welding tapes of the other of the head battery cell and the tail battery cell. Therefore, the width of the positive electrode end in the first direction is almost the same as the width of the sub-battery string in the first direction, and the width of the negative electrode end in the first direction is also almost the same as the width of the sub-battery string in the first direction.

[0079] It is worth noting that since there is no need to design a diode, the bus bar 101 only needs to electrically connect a plurality of welding tapes on two battery cells 104 adjacent along the first direction X and belonging to different battery strings 100, that is, electrically connect the positive electrode end 110 or the negative electrode end 120, and there is no need to be arranged in the spacing between two sub-battery strings 130 belonging to the same battery string 100. Therefore, it is beneficial to reduce the length of the bus bar 101, thereby reducing the preparation cost of the bus bar 101 and further reducing the preparation cost of the photovoltaic module.

[0080] In the above various embodiments, in combination with reference to Figure 1 , Figure 11 and Figure 12, the photovoltaic module may further include: a cover plate 106 covering the surface of the battery string 100, and both the first busbar portion 102 and the second busbar portion 103 are located on the surface of the cover plate 106 facing away from the battery string 100; wherein, the cover plate 106 includes a peripheral region 136 and an inner peripheral region 146 surrounded by the peripheral region 136, and both the first busbar portion 102 and the second busbar portion 103 are located in the peripheral region 136. In other words, both the first busbar portion 102 and the second busbar portion 103 can be designed in the region near the edge of the cover plate 106. Then, after the subsequent photovoltaic module is installed on the ground, it is convenient for the operator to easily find the first busbar portion 102 and the second busbar portion 103 from the interval of the new photovoltaic module, so as to facilitate the operator to electrically connect the first busbar portion 102 and the second busbar portion 103 to the solar power control device, which is beneficial to improving the portability of the operator.

[0081] It should be noted that Figure 11 is a partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 12 is Figure 11 a schematic cross-sectional view along the section direction MM1. In addition, in practical applications, the first busbar portion and the second busbar portion can be designed at any position on the cover plate according to requirements.

[0082] The following will describe the battery cells 104 for constructing the battery string 100 in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0083] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 3 , the material of the substrate 114 can be an elemental semiconductor material. Specifically, the elemental semiconductor material is composed of a single element, for example, it can be silicon or germanium. Among them, the elemental semiconductor material can be single crystal, polycrystalline, amorphous or microcrystalline (the state with both single crystal and amorphous states is called microcrystalline). For example, silicon can be at least one of single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon or microcrystalline silicon. In other cases, the material of the substrate 114 can also be a compound semiconductor material. Common compound semiconductor materials include, but are not limited to, silicon germanide, silicon carbide, gallium arsenide, indium gallium, perovskite, cadmium telluride, copper indium selenide and other materials.

[0084] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 3 , the first carrier transport layer 124 is a first doped semiconductor layer doped with a first doping element, and the second carrier transport layer 144 is a second doped semiconductor layer doped with a second doping element, and the conduction types of the first doping element and the second doping element are different.

[0085] In some cases, the substrate 114 can be an N-type semiconductor substrate, the first doping element doped in the first carrier transport layer 124 is a P-type doping element, and the second doping element doped in the second carrier transport layer 144 is an N-type doping element; in other cases, the substrate 114 can be a P-type semiconductor substrate, the first doping element doped in the first carrier transport layer 124 is an N-type doping element, and the second doping element doped in the second carrier transport layer 144 is a P-type doping element.

[0086] Among them, the N-type doping element can be at least one of Group V elements such as phosphorus (P), bismuth (Bi), antimony (Sb), or arsenic (As); the P-type doping element can be at least one of Group III elements such as boron (B), aluminum (Al), gallium (Ga), or indium (In).

[0087] In some examples, the first carrier transport layer 124 can be a boron diffusion layer or a boron-doped polysilicon layer.

[0088] In some examples, the second carrier transport layer 144 can be a phosphorus-doped polysilicon layer.

[0089] It should be noted that different regions of the edge leakage structure 164 are in electrical contact with the first carrier transport layer 124 and the second carrier transport layer 144 respectively, and the first electrode 134 is in electrical contact with the first carrier transport layer 124, and the second electrode 154 is in electrical contact with the second carrier transport layer 144, but the edge leakage structure 164 is not in electrical contact with the first electrode 134 and the second electrode 154.

[0090] In some embodiments, with reference to Figure 1 and Figure 3 , the number of edge leakage structures 164 included in different solar cells 104 can be the same or different. It should be noted that in practical applications, the number of edge leakage structures included in any solar cell can be designed according to specific requirements.

[0091] It is worth noting that in practical applications, the probabilities of different regions in the photovoltaic module being blocked or having failures are different. More edge leakage structures 164 can be designed on the solar cells 104 that are easily blocked or have failures, that is, the number of edge leakage structures 164 included in different solar cells 104 is designed to be different, so as to further reduce the voltage across the solar cells 104 acting as a load, thereby further reducing the heating power of the solar cells 104, effectively reducing the problem of local heating caused by the current to the solar cells 104, and further improving the thermal spot resistance performance of the solar cells 104. In this way, it is beneficial to make the probabilities of different regions in the photovoltaic module finally generating heat relatively small, and control the probabilities of different regions in the photovoltaic module having the thermal spot effect relatively small, so as to improve the overall thermal spot resistance performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0092] In some cases, with reference to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the cell 104 further includes a side surface 114c connecting the first surface 114a and the second surface 114b. The number of edge leakage structures 164 located on different side surfaces 114c may be the same or different. It should be noted that in practical applications, the number of edge leakage structures on any side surface can be designed according to specific requirements.

[0093] It should be noted that in practical applications, the probabilities of different regions in a single cell 104 being blocked or having faults are also different. For example, if the probability of a fault occurring at the starting soldering point corresponding to the solder tape on the cell 104 is greater, more edge leakage structures 164 can be designed on the side surface 114c near the starting soldering point of the cell 104, that is, the number of edge leakage structures 164 located on different side surfaces 114c can be different, so as to further reduce the voltage at both ends of the cell 104 as a load, thereby further reducing the heating power of the cell 104, effectively reducing the problem of local heating caused by the current to the cell 104, and further improving the thermal hotspot resistance performance of the cell 104. In this way, it is beneficial to make the final heating probabilities of different regions in the cell 104 all smaller, control the probabilities of different regions in the cell 104 having the thermal hotspot effect all smaller, and improve the overall thermal hotspot resistance performance of the cell 104.

[0094] In some embodiments, with reference to Figure 1 and Figure 3 , the sizes of the edge leakage structures 164 included in different cells 104 are the same or different. It should be noted that the size of the edge leakage structure 164 includes but is not limited to the length of the edge leakage structure 164 in the length direction of the cell 104 and the width in the width direction of the cell 104.

[0095] It should be noted that to control the probabilities of different regions in the photovoltaic module having the thermal hotspot effect all smaller, or to control the probabilities of different regions in the cell 104 having the thermal hotspot effect all smaller, it can be achieved not only by adjusting the number of edge leakage structures 164 included in different cells 104, or by adjusting the number of edge leakage structures 164 on different side surfaces 114c of the same cell 104, but also by adjusting the size of the edge leakage structures 164 included in different cells 104.

[0096] In some embodiments, the cell 104 includes, but is not limited to, a PERC cell (Passivated Emitter Rear Cell), an IBC cell (Interdigitated Back Contact), a TOPCon cell (Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact), a HIT / HJT cell (Heterojunction Technology), a thin-film solar cell, or any combination of a tandem cell. Among them, the thin-film solar cell includes, but is not limited to, a perovskite thin-film solar cell, a copper indium selenide thin-film solar cell, a gallium arsenide thin-film solar cell, and a cadmium sulfide thin-film solar cell. The tandem cell includes, but is not limited to, a perovskite cell stacked with a crystalline silicon cell, a perovskite cell stacked with a perovskite cell, and a perovskite cell stacked with a thin-film cell.

[0097] In some embodiments, the cell 104 can be a monocrystalline silicon solar cell, a polycrystalline silicon solar cell, an amorphous silicon solar cell, or a multi-compound solar cell. Specifically, the multi-compound solar cell can be a cadmium sulfide solar cell, a gallium arsenide solar cell, a copper indium selenide solar cell, or a perovskite solar cell. In addition, the cell 104 can be a whole cell or a sliced cell. The sliced cell refers to a cell formed by cutting a complete whole cell through a cutting process.

[0098] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 11 , multiple cell strings can be electrically connected through the solder tape 402. Figure 11 Only the positional relationship between a kind of photovoltaic cells is schematically shown, that is, the arrangement directions of the electrodes with the same polarity of the cells are the same, or in other words, the electrodes with the positive-polarity of each cell are arranged towards the same side, so that the conductive tape 402 is respectively connected to different sides of two adjacent cells. In some embodiments, the cells can also be arranged such that the electrodes with different polarities face the same side, that is, the electrodes of multiple adjacent cells are sequentially arranged in the order of the first polarity, the second polarity, and the first polarity, then the conductive tape connects two adjacent cells on the same side.

[0099] In some embodiments, there is no gap between the cells 104, that is, the cells 104 overlap each other.

[0100] In some embodiments, the encapsulation film 105 includes a first encapsulation layer and a second encapsulation layer. The first encapsulation layer covers one of the front or back surfaces of the cell 104, and the second encapsulation layer covers the other of the front or back surfaces of the cell 104. Specifically, at least one of the first encapsulation layer or the second encapsulation layer can be an organic encapsulation film such as a polyvinyl butyral (PVB) film, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) film, a polyethylene octene co-elastic body (POE) film, or a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film. Alternatively, at least one of the first encapsulation layer or the second encapsulation layer can also be a film such as an EP film, an EPE film, or a PVP film. Among them, the EP film refers to a co-extruded film composed of an EVA film and a POE film stacked, the EPE film refers to a co-extruded film formed by sequentially stacking an EVA film + a POE film + an EVA film, and the PVP film refers to a co-extruded film formed by stacking a POE film + an EVA film + a POE film. The co-extruded film can be prepared by extruding one or more raw materials onto another film that has already been made in the process of film processing, or by bonding different types of films that have already been made together.

[0101] In some cases, there is a demarcation line between the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer before lamination. After the lamination process, there will no longer be the concept of the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer in the formed photovoltaic module, that is, the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer have formed an integral encapsulation film 105.

[0102] In some embodiments, the cover plate 106 can be a cover plate with a light-transmitting function such as a glass cover plate or a plastic cover plate. Specifically, the surface of the cover plate 106 facing the encapsulation film 105 can be a concave-convex surface or a suede surface including a plurality of convex structures, so as to increase the utilization rate of incident light. The cover plate 106 includes a first cover plate and a second cover plate. The first cover plate faces the first encapsulation layer, and the second cover plate faces the second encapsulation layer.

[0103] In some embodiments, the cell 104 can be a cell with main grids or a cell without main grids.

[0104] In summary, first, a new type of cell 104 that constitutes a photovoltaic module is designed. By utilizing the conductivity of the edge leakage structure 164, a conductive channel is established between the first surface 114a and the second surface 114b of the cell 104, enabling the cell 104 to have a built-in reverse current flow capacity. When the cell 104 itself has defects or is blocked and becomes a relatively large load, the edge leakage structure 164 plays a role in shunting, so that the voltage and current divided by the cell 104 as a load also decrease correspondingly, thereby improving the anti-thermal spot performance of the cell 104. On this basis, for a photovoltaic module including multiple cell strings 100, there is no need to design a photovoltaic junction box including a diode. Instead, a first busbar 102 is directly designed as the positive electrode interface of the entire photovoltaic module, and a second busbar 103 is designed as the negative electrode interface of the entire photovoltaic module, which can ensure that the photovoltaic module has good anti-thermal spot performance while simplifying the construction method of the photovoltaic module. Moreover, on the one hand, there is no need to design a photovoltaic junction box including a diode, which makes the structure of the photovoltaic module more concise, and thus helps to reduce the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic module; on the other hand, the components in the photovoltaic module are reduced, which helps to reduce material waste and improve the production capacity of the photovoltaic module; on the other hand, since the edge leakage structure 164 is designed in each cell 104, there is no need to consider the correlation between the layout position of the diode and the arrangement mode of the cell strings when the diode needs to be electrically connected to two adjacent cell strings. No matter how the arrangement mode of the cell strings 100 in the photovoltaic module changes, it is only necessary to electrically connect the positive electrode ends 110 that are finally left unconnected to the busbars 101 in the multiple cell strings 100 to the first busbar 102, and electrically connect the negative electrode ends 120 that are finally left unconnected to the busbars 101 in the multiple cell strings 100 to the second busbar 103, which is beneficial to improving the versatility of the first busbar 102 and the second busbar 103 and can be flexibly applied under different production scales and production line conditions.

[0105] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that the above embodiments are specific examples for implementing the present disclosure. In actual applications, various changes can be made in form and details without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure should be subject to the scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: include: A plurality of battery strings and a plurality of bus bars, wherein adjacent battery strings are connected in series or in parallel via the bus bars, and any of the battery strings comprises a positive terminal and a negative terminal; a first busbar and a second busbar, wherein the positive terminals of at least two of the battery strings among the plurality of battery strings are electrically connected to the first busbar, and the negative terminals of at least another two of the battery strings among the plurality of battery strings are electrically connected to the second busbar; The battery string includes a plurality of battery cells connected in series in sequence; wherein the battery cell includes: a substrate, the substrate having a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other; a first carrier transport layer located on the first surface, and a first electrode electrically contacting the first carrier transport layer; a second carrier transport layer located on the second surface, and a second electrode electrically contacting the second carrier transport layer; an edge leakage structure, different regions of the edge leakage structure are electrically contacting the first carrier transport layer and the second carrier transport layer, respectively.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first busbar comprises: a first shell, a first conductive substrate in the first shell, a first lead-out cable in electrical contact with the first conductive substrate, and a first connecting wire electrically connecting the positive terminals of at least two of the plurality of battery strings to the first conductive substrate; wherein the first shell comprises a first opening and a second opening spaced apart from each other, the first opening being used for allowing the first connecting wire to enter the first shell, and the second opening being used for allowing the first lead-out cable to extend outside the first shell.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second busbar comprises: a second shell, a second conductive substrate in the second shell, a second lead-out cable in electrical contact with the second conductive substrate, and a second connecting wire electrically connecting the negative terminals of at least two other battery strings in the plurality of battery strings to the second conductive substrate; wherein the second shell comprises a third opening and a fourth opening spaced apart from each other, the third opening being used for allowing the second connecting wire to enter the second shell, and the fourth opening being used for allowing the second lead-out cable to extend outside the second shell.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A packaging film, used to cover the surface of the battery string; A cover plate, used to cover the surface of the packaging film away from the battery string, the cover plate comprising a fifth opening; The first conduit portion is located on a surface of the cover plate away from the packaging film; The first busbar includes a first lead-out wire and a first sealant covering most of the surface of the first lead-out wire, wherein one of the two ends of the first lead-out wire is in electrical contact with the positive ends of at least two of the multiple battery strings, and the fifth opening is used for allowing the first lead-out wire to penetrate the cover plate.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A packaging film, used to cover the surface of the battery string; A cover plate, used for covering the surface of the packaging film away from the battery string, the cover plate comprising a sixth opening; The second conduit portion is located on a surface of the cover plate away from the packaging film; The second busbar includes a second lead-out wire and a second sealant covering most of the surface of the second lead-out wire, wherein one of the two ends of the second lead-out wire is in electrical contact with the negative ends of at least another two of the multiple battery strings, and the sixth opening is used for allowing the second lead-out wire to penetrate the cover plate.

6. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The battery string comprises two sub-battery strings arranged at intervals along a first direction and connected in series with each other, a plurality of the battery strings are arranged at intervals along the first direction and the second direction, and the photovoltaic module comprises a first edge region, a center region and a second edge region arranged in sequence along the first direction; Two battery strings adjacent to each other along the first direction are connected in series via a bus bar; Two battery strings located in the central area and adjacent to each other along the second direction are connected in parallel via two bus bars; In two battery strings located in the first edge area and adjacent to each other along the second direction, both negative terminals are electrically connected to one bus bar, and both positive terminals are electrically connected to the first bus bar; In two battery strings located in the second edge area and adjacent to each other along the second direction, both positive terminals are electrically connected to one bus bar, and both negative terminals are electrically connected to the second bus portion.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that: The distance between two sub-battery strings that are adjacent along the first direction and belong to different sub-battery strings is a reference distance, and the width of the sub-battery string in the first direction is a reference width; Along the first direction, a length of the bus bar is less than or equal to a sum of the reference pitch and twice the reference width.

8. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Also includes: A cover plate, covering a surface of the battery string, wherein the first busbar and the second busbar are both located on a surface of the cover plate facing away from the battery string; The cover plate includes a peripheral area and an inner area surrounded by the peripheral area, and the first confluence portion and the second confluence portion are both located in the peripheral area.

9. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The numbers of the edge leakage structures included in different battery cells are the same or different; and / or the sizes of the edge leakage structures included in different battery cells are the same or different.

10. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The first carrier transport layer is a first doped semiconductor layer doped with a first doping element, and the second carrier transport layer is a second doped semiconductor layer doped with a second doping element, and the first doping element and the second doping element have different conductivity types.

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