Paddy field water recession zero direct drainage circulating irrigation management system

Abstract

The invention discloses a rice field water recession zero direct drainage circulating irrigation management system, which relates to the technical field of irrigation and water conservancy engineering, and specifically comprises a multi-source information acquisition module, an information monitoring module, a distributed calculation module, an equipment control module, an intelligent early warning module, a master control room and a data processing module, the multi-source information acquisition module, the information monitoring module, the distributed calculation module, the intelligent early warning module and the data processing module are all controlled by a master control room. The whole management system adopts a pollutant prevention and control measure combined with a rice field recession'zero direct discharge 'engineering construction technology and the like, so that the rice field recession is not directly converged into a surrounding receiving water body. Meanwhile, unmanned operation of the farmland irrigation system is achieved through multiple links such as farmland irrigation, recession water filtration and purification and recycled water recycling by means of the Internet of Things technology in the farmland water supply and drainage process, manpower resources are saved, and waste of irrigation water is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of farmland water conservancy projects, and specifically to a zero direct discharge and circular irrigation management system for paddy field drainage. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, the irrigation method for farmland still subjectively controls the irrigation process by humans, and there are generally problems such as water resource waste and unreasonable irrigation, which are difficult to meet the needs of agriculture; special personnel need to be arranged to be responsible, the information sources for obtaining irrigation are single, and the irrigation volume is not accurate enough; moreover, the problem of farmland waterlogging is not fully considered, and the recycling of rainwater cannot be realized; based on this, the present application proposes a zero direct discharge and circular irrigation management system for paddy field drainage. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a zero direct discharge and circular irrigation management system for paddy field drainage, which solves the problems in the above-mentioned background art that the farmland irrigation method of subjectively controlling the irrigation process by humans generally has problems such as water resource waste and unreasonable irrigation, and is difficult to meet the needs of agriculture; special personnel need to be arranged to be responsible, the information sources for obtaining irrigation are single, and the irrigation volume is not accurate enough; moreover, the problem of farmland waterlogging is not fully considered, and the recycling of rainwater cannot be realized.

[0004] The present invention provides the following technical solution: A zero direct discharge and circular irrigation management system for paddy field drainage, including a multi-source information collection module, an information monitoring module, a distributed computing module, a device control module, an intelligent early warning module, a central control room and a data processing module. The multi-source information collection module, the information monitoring module, the distributed computing module, the intelligent early warning module and the data processing module are respectively wirelessly connected to the central control room through the LoRa protocol. The central control room controls the device control module through the IoT gateway. The device control module controls the operation modes of the sluice and the water pump in the area to be irrigated through the IoT gateway. The multi-source information collection module is respectively wirelessly connected to the distributed computing module, the data processing module and the device control module through the LoRa protocol; the data processing module is respectively wirelessly connected to the device control module and the intelligent early warning module through the LoRa protocol;

[0005] The multi-source information collection module obtains multi-source information of the irrigation area based on the high-standard farmland gis model and sends the collected information to the data processing module; the multi-source information collection module includes a rainfall data real-time collection unit, a water level data real-time collection unit, a soil moisture (soil humidity) real-time collection unit and an ecological regulation pond water quality collection unit;

[0006] The distributed computing module is used to calculate the soil irrigation water consumption according to multi-source information and real-time irrigation information, and the soil irrigation water consumption is judged by the judgment unit; the distributed computing module includes a soil irrigation water demand judgment unit, a clear water tank make-up water demand judgment unit, a farmland irrigation flow judgment unit, a farmland drainage flow judgment unit, and an ecological regulation pond backwater level judgment unit;

[0007] The information monitoring module is used to collect real-time irrigation information, and the real-time irrigation information includes main canal and branch canal flow data, ecological regulation pond water level and water quality data, soil moisture (soil humidity) data, and meteorological data;

[0008] The equipment control module is used to control the operation modes of the sluices and electric pumps in each irrigation area according to the irrigation requirements calculated by the distributed computing module; the equipment control module includes an irrigation regulation unit, an electric pump control unit, and an electric valve control unit;

[0009] The intelligent early warning module sorts the low flow rate, severe water shortage, and suspected leakage point area location information passed by the data processing module in ascending order according to the level of suspicion, and then sends the low flow rate, severe water shortage, suspected leakage point information and location to relevant personnel for processing to achieve intelligent early warning.

[0010] Preferably, the multi-source information collected by the multi-source information collection module includes farmland distribution data, main canal and branch canal distribution data, ecological regulation pond distribution data, and soil data.

[0011] Preferably, the rainfall data real-time collection unit obtains the meteorological information of the area to be irrigated through Internet information to collect real-time rainfall data, and sends the information to the data processing module after collection; the water level data real-time collection unit collects the clear water tank water level value through the water level monitor installed at the clear water tank, and collects the ecological regulation pond water level value through the water level detector installed at the ecological regulation pond, and sends the information to the data processing module after collection; the soil moisture (soil humidity) real-time collection unit monitors the soil moisture of the area to be irrigated through a moisture sensor, collects the real-time soil moisture, and sends the information to the data processing module after collection; the ecological regulation pond water quality collection unit is used to monitor the water quality of the ecological regulation pond, collects the water quality of the ecological regulation pond through the water quality detector installed, and sends the information to the data processing module after collection.

[0012] Preferably, the soil irrigation water demand judgment unit calculates the required irrigation water volume of the soil based on the real-time rainfall data and the real-time soil humidity information collected by the multi-source information collection module; the farmland irrigation flow judgment unit calculates the flow rate according to the designed irrigation quota, irrigation cycle, and channel operation system, using the channel flow design formula under the continuous irrigation mode; the farmland drainage flow judgment unit calculates the drainage flow according to the designed waterlogging drainage standard and drainage modulus of the project area.

[0013] Preferably, the ecological storage pond backwater level judgment unit judges whether the ecological storage pond has the condition of backwater according to the situation of the ecological storage pond collected by the ecological storage pond water quality collection unit; judges the available backwater volume of the ecological storage pond according to the water level value of the ecological storage pond collected by the water level detector installed at the ecological storage pond; judges whether to open the electric valve to make it flow automatically to the next clear water pond, or open the electric pump to pump water to the total clear water pond, or open the sluice to flow automatically into the ecological ditch according to the water level value of the next block clear water pond and the water level value of the total clear water pond collected by the water level data real-time collection unit.

[0014] Preferably, the irrigation regulation unit can control the water temperature and water pressure according to the command information transmitted by the data processing module; the electric pump control unit can realize the on-off control of the electric pump according to the command information transmitted by the data processing module; the electric valve control unit can receive the command information transmitted by the data processing module and realize the on-off regulation of the electric valve at the main pipe and all branch pipes.

[0015] Preferably, the steps of irrigating the irrigation area are as follows:

[0016] S1. Judge the water demand of the high-standard farmland block;

[0017] S2. Automatically irrigate the farmland in blocks;

[0018] S3. Ecologically filter the farmland return water and rainwater;

[0019] S4. Pump the reclaimed water that meets the irrigation standard after filtration to the clear water pond for recycling;

[0020] S5. Discharge the overflow water that exceeds the storage capacity of the storage pond after filtration.

[0021] Preferably, the specific operation of step S1 is: S101. The multi-source information collection module collects the basic information of the farmland and transmits the information to the general control room; S102. The soil irrigation water demand judgment unit judges the soil irrigation water demand.

[0022] The specific operations of step S2 are as follows: S201. The water level data real-time acquisition unit collects information on the clean water tank and transmits the information to the master control room; S202. The master control room determines the water replenishment volume of the clean water tank through the clean water tank water replenishment judgment unit; S203. The master control room determines the soil irrigation flow rate through the farmland irrigation flow rate judgment unit; S204. The master control room controls the opening of the booster pump of the clean water tank through the electric pump control unit to implement irrigation.

[0023] The specific operations of step S3 are as follows: S301. The irrigation water and rainwater flow by gravity through the ecological interception ditch for preliminary filtration of the drained water; S302. The irrigation water and rainwater flow by gravity from the ecological interception ditch into the three ponds and two dams for deep filtration of the drained water; S303. The irrigation water and rainwater overflow from the three ponds and two dams to the ecological regulation pond for water storage.

[0024] The specific operations of step S4 are as follows: S401. The master control room determines whether the ecological regulation pond has the condition of water return through the ecological regulation pond water return level judgment unit; S402. The master control room controls the opening of the booster pump of the ecological regulation pond with the condition of water return through the electric pump control unit, and pumps the purified water to the clean water tank until the water level data real-time acquisition unit of the partitioned clean water tank senses that it is full of water.

[0025] The specific operations of step S5 are as follows: S501. The water level data real-time acquisition unit collects information on the ecological regulation pond and transmits it to the master control room; S502. The master control room determines whether the ecological regulation pond overflows through the ecological regulation pond water return level judgment unit; S503. The master control room determines the farmland drainage flow rate through the farmland drainage flow rate judgment unit; S504. The master control room controls the opening of the drainage valve of the ecological regulation pond that overflows through the electric valve control unit, and discharges the purified water in the ecological regulation pond to the receiving water body.

[0026] Preferably, the multi-source information acquisition module, the distributed computing module, the device control module, and the intelligent early warning module are all self-powered.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. The zero direct discharge and cyclic irrigation management system for paddy field drainage realizes the unmanned operation of the farmland irrigation system from multiple links such as farmland irrigation, drainage filtration and purification, and intermediate water recycling. Among them, accurate farmland information is collected through the multi-source information acquisition module to realize the informatization of the farmland irrigation management system, strengthen the replicability of the system, improve the water volume control accuracy through the rigorous distributed computing module, and finely control the irrigation water volume and flow rate through the device control module, saving human resources and reducing the waste of irrigation water.

[0029] 2. The zero direct discharge water circulation irrigation management system for paddy field drainage improves the construction method and utilization efficiency of farmland irrigation and drainage facilities. Through the design of a replicable management system, it facilitates construction, reduces maintenance costs, monitors natural changes in real time, enhances the ability to prevent and resist disasters, while reducing the occupied cultivated land area, reducing soil erosion, protecting the ecological environment, improving the efficiency of irrigation and drainage facilities, and providing a basic guarantee for agricultural development and other purposes.

[0030] 3. The zero direct discharge water circulation irrigation management system for paddy field drainage overcomes the problem of waterlogging in farmland, collects the waterlogging flow formed by rainfall in the farmland through a self-help circulation irrigation system and converts it into agricultural production water. Through the method of reusing reclaimed water, it can not only drain waterlogging and reduce disasters, conserve soil and water, but also improve the efficiency of water resource circulation utilization, providing a basic guarantee for agricultural production water and other purposes.

[0031] 4. The zero direct discharge water circulation irrigation management system for paddy field drainage reduces the farmland irrigation and conveyance cost. By means of real-time monitoring, it improves the irrigation quality, reduces the number of irrigation times, reduces the irrigation and conveyance cost, avoids the phenomenon of 70% loss and 30% evaporation during the irrigation and conveyance process, and can also optimize water resource management, improve water conservation, irrigation and energy conservation, providing a guarantee for stable and high-yield agriculture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] FIG. Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a "zero direct discharge" water circulation irrigation management system for paddy field drainage of the present invention;

[0033] FIG. Figure 2 is a schematic flow diagram of a "zero direct discharge" water circulation irrigation management system for paddy field drainage of the present invention;

[0034] FIG. Figure 3 is a schematic plan view of a "zero direct discharge" water circulation irrigation management system for paddy field drainage of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1. Irrigation water source; 2. Clean water return port; 3. Sub-region water inlet; 4. Booster pump; 5. Clean water tank; 6. Branch canal; 7. Main canal; 8. Paddy field; 9. Ecological interception ditch; 10. Overflow port; 11. Three ponds and two dams (sedimentation tank - filter dam - aeration tank - filter dam - purification tank); 12. Ecological regulation pond; 13. Drainage valve; 14. Receiving water body; 15. Return water pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0036] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0037] The present invention provides a zero direct drainage circular irrigation management system for paddy field drainage, which includes a multi-source information collection module, an information monitoring module, a distributed computing module, a device control module, an intelligent warning module, a master control room and a data processing module. The multi-source information collection module, the distributed computing module, the device control module and the intelligent warning module are all self-powered. The multi-source information collection module, the information monitoring module, the distributed computing module, the intelligent warning module and the data processing module are respectively wirelessly connected to the master control room through the LoRa protocol. The master control room controls the device control module through the IoT gateway, and the device control module controls the operation modes of the sluice and the water pump in the area to be irrigated through the IoT gateway. The multi-source information collection module is respectively wirelessly connected to the distributed computing module, the data processing module and the device control module through the LoRa protocol. The data processing module is respectively wirelessly connected to the device control module and the intelligent warning module through the LoRa protocol.

[0038] The multi-source information collection module obtains multi-source information of the irrigation area based on the high-standard farmland gis model and sends the collected information to the data processing module. The multi-source information collected by the multi-source information collection module includes farmland distribution data, main canal and branch canal distribution data, ecological regulation pond distribution data and soil data.

[0039] The multi-source information collection module includes a rainfall data real-time collection unit, a water level data real-time collection unit, a soil moisture (soil humidity) real-time collection unit and an ecological regulation pond water quality collection unit. The rainfall data real-time collection unit obtains the meteorological information of the area to be irrigated through the Internet to collect the real-time rainfall data, and sends the information to the data processing module after collection. The water level data real-time collection unit collects the water level value of the clean water tank through the water level monitor installed at the clean water tank and the water level value of the ecological regulation pond through the water level detector installed at the ecological regulation pond, and sends the information to the data processing module after collection. The soil moisture (soil humidity) real-time collection unit monitors the soil moisture of the area to be irrigated through the moisture sensor, collects the real-time soil moisture, and sends the information to the data processing module after collection. The ecological regulation pond water quality collection unit is used to monitor the water quality of the ecological regulation pond, collects the water quality of the ecological regulation pond through the water quality detector installed, and sends the information to the data processing module after collection.

[0040] The distributed computing module is used to calculate the soil irrigation water consumption judgment unit to judge the soil irrigation water consumption according to the multi-source information and the instant irrigation information. The distributed computing module includes a soil irrigation water demand judgment unit, a clean water tank water replenishment demand judgment unit, a farmland irrigation flow judgment unit, a farmland drainage flow judgment unit and an ecological regulation pond backwater level judgment unit.

[0041] The soil irrigation water demand judgment unit calculates the irrigation water volume required by the soil based on the real-time rainfall data and soil real-time humidity information collected by the multi-source information collection module; the farmland irrigation flow judgment unit calculates the flow rate using the channel flow design formula under the continuous irrigation mode according to the designed irrigation quota, irrigation cycle, and channel operation system; the farmland drainage flow judgment unit calculates the drainage flow according to the designed waterlogging drainage standard and drainage modulus of the project area.

[0042] The ecological regulation pond backwater level judgment unit judges whether the ecological regulation pond has the condition of backwater based on the situation of the ecological regulation pond collected by the ecological regulation pond water quality collection unit; judges the available backwater volume of the ecological regulation pond through the water level value of the ecological regulation pond collected by the water level detector installed at the ecological regulation pond; judges whether to open the electric valve of the ecological regulation pond to flow by gravity to the next clear water pond, or turn on the electric pump to pump water to the total clear water pond, or open the sluice to flow by gravity into the ecological ditch according to the water level value of the next block's clear water pond and the water level value of the total clear water pond collected by the water level data real-time collection unit.

[0043] The information monitoring module is used to collect instant irrigation information, and the instant irrigation information includes the flow data of the main canal and branch canals, the water level and water quality data of the ecological regulation pond, the soil moisture (soil humidity) data, and the meteorological data.

[0044] The equipment control module is used to control the operation modes of the sluices and electric pumps in each irrigation area according to the irrigation demand calculated by the distributed calculation module; the equipment control module includes an irrigation adjustment unit, an electric pump control unit, and an electric valve control unit; the irrigation adjustment unit can control the water temperature and water pressure according to the command information transmitted by the data processing module; the electric pump control unit can realize the on-off control of the electric pump according to the command information transmitted by the data processing module; the electric valve control unit can receive the command information transmitted by the data processing module and realize the on-off adjustment of the electric valve at the main pipe and all branch pipes; when the electric valve switch is energized, the electromagnetic coil generates an electromagnetic force to lift the closing member from the valve seat, and the electric valve opens, and the water flow enters the pipeline through the electric valve; when the electric valve switch is de-energized, the electromagnetic force disappears, and the spring presses the closing member on the valve seat, and the electric valve closes, and the water flow cannot enter the pipeline through the electric valve.

[0045] The intelligent early warning module sorts the low flow rate, severe water shortage, and suspected leakage point area location information received from the data processing module in ascending order according to the level of suspicion, and then sends the low flow rate, severe water shortage, suspected leakage point information, and location to the relevant personnel for processing to achieve intelligent early warning.

[0046] Through the above description, the steps for the rice paddy wastewater zero direct discharge cyclic irrigation management system proposed by the present invention to irrigate the irrigation area are as follows:

[0047] S1. Determine the water demand of high-standard farmland blocks. The specific operation is as follows: S101. The multi-source information collection module collects the basic information of the farmland and transmits the information to the master control room; S102. The soil irrigation water consumption judgment unit judges the soil irrigation water consumption;

[0048] S2. Automatically irrigate the farmland in blocks. The specific operation is as follows: S201. The water level data real-time collection unit collects information from the clear water tank and transmits the information to the master control room; S202. The master control room judges the make-up water volume of the clear water tank through the clear water tank make-up water judgment unit; S203. The master control room judges the soil irrigation flow through the farmland irrigation flow judgment unit; S204. The master control room controls the opening of the booster pump of the clear water tank through the electric pump control unit to implement irrigation;

[0049] S3. Ecologically filter the farmland drainage and rainwater. The specific operation is as follows: S301. The irrigation water and rainwater flow by gravity through the ecological interception ditch for preliminary filtration of the drainage; S302. The irrigation water and rainwater flow by gravity from the ecological interception ditch into the three ponds and two dams for deep filtration of the drainage; S303. The irrigation water and rainwater overflow from the three ponds and two dams to the ecological storage pond for water storage;

[0050] S4. Extract the reclaimed water that meets the irrigation standard after filtration to the clear water tank for recycling. The specific operation is as follows: S401. The master control room judges whether the ecological storage pond has the condition of returning water through the ecological storage pond return water level judgment unit; S402. The master control room controls the opening of the booster pump of the ecological storage pond with the condition of returning water through the electric pump control unit, extracts the purified water to the clear water tank until the water level data real-time collection unit of the partition clear water tank senses full water;

[0051] S5. Discharge the overflow water that exceeds the storage capacity of the storage pond after filtration. The specific operation is as follows: S501. The water level data real-time collection unit collects information from the ecological storage pond and transmits it to the master control room; S502. The master control room judges whether the ecological storage pond generates overflow water through the ecological storage pond return water level judgment unit; S503. The master control room judges the farmland drainage flow through the farmland drainage flow judgment unit; S504. The master control room controls the opening of the drainage valve of the ecological storage pond that generates overflow water through the electric valve control unit to discharge the purified water of the ecological storage pond to the receiving water body.

[0052] In S102, the soil irrigation water consumption judgment unit calculates the soil irrigation water consumption according to the paddy field layout. The water demand of the paddy field can be calculated by the following formula:

[0053]

[0054] Where: W—the total irrigation water consumption of the project area (m 3 )

[0055] q i—Crop planting ratio;

[0056] m i —Irrigation quota of the corresponding crop (m 3 / mu);

[0057] η—Irrigation water use coefficient;

[0058] A—Irrigation area (mu);

[0059] n—Multiple cropping index.

[0060] In S301, the ecological interception ditch consists of the main drainage ditch, ecological interception auxiliary facilities, plants, etc. It is reasonably constructed according to the irrigation scale, topographic conditions, traffic and tillage requirements, and is transformed using the original irrigation and drainage ditches. The design of the cross-section of the ecological interception ditch takes into account the principles of safety, stability, economy, etc. The length of the main ditch is more than 300 meters, the bottom width and depth of the cross-sectional flow area are not less than 0.4 meters, and the determination of the slope coefficient is comprehensively considered in terms of construction requirements, soil quality, ditch depth, aesthetics, durability, etc., and a value of 1:3 is taken. The joint between the ditch wall and the soil is not lined or built with an impermeable protective surface, and interlocking hydraulic bricks with strong stability and conducive to the colonization of slope protection plants can be selected. The ecological interception auxiliary facilities include at least a check gate, a water retaining dam, a bottom sediment capture well, and a nitrogen and phosphorus removal module, and ecological floating islands and ecological permeable dam facilities are set; among them, the nitrogen and phosphorus removal module is installed in the bottom sediment capture well, and the module is filled with porous matrixes such as ceramsite and volcanic rock with good adsorption performance for nitrogen and phosphorus and stable structure. The width of the bottom sediment capture well is not less than the bottom width of the ditch, the well length is more than 1 meter, the width of the module is more than half of the width of the bottom sediment capture well, and the thickness is more than 0.1 meter. The plants in the ditch are mainly native submerged, emergent, and slope protection plants.

[0061] In S302, the three-pond two-dam system consists of a sedimentation pond - filtration dam - aeration pond - filtration dam - purification pond to ensure smooth water flow. The sedimentation pond accounts for 40% - 50% of the total area of the three-pond two-dam facilities, and aquatic plants are planted in the pond. The area of the aeration pond accounts for 5% - 15% of the total area of the three-pond two-dam facilities, and the installation density of the aeration heads is at least 1 per 3㎡, and the installation distance is more than 0.3m from the bottom of the pond. The area of the purification pond accounts for 40% - 45% of the total area of the three-pond two-dam facilities, and materials such as bionic aquatic plants are set in the pond, and aquatic plants are reasonably configured. The two-stage filtration dams are respectively set behind the sedimentation pond and the aeration pond, and their construction meets the following requirements: hollow bricks, gravel, etc. are selected to build the external wall of the filtration dam, and filter materials of different particle sizes are placed in the dam body. The filter materials can be selected from materials such as ceramsite, volcanic stone, gravel, and activated carbon; the dam width is not less than 1m, and the dam height is basically the same as the height of the adjacent pond: a retaining net made of fine mesh material is set in front of the dam, and the height is the same as that of the filtration dam.

[0062] In S303, the ecological regulation and storage pond has the dual functions of water purification and storage, and is transformed by using the surrounding retired aquaculture ponds; aquatic plants suitable for the local environment are planted in the pond, and ecological floating islands are arranged accordingly. Considering from aspects such as ecology, economy and material sources, the following two methods are selected for the slope protection of the ecological regulation and storage pond: the interlocking hydraulic bricks are used for slope protection below the normal water level, and the plain concrete toe is used at the slope toe of the slope protection; the grass turf is used for slope protection above the normal water level; the main structure is natural slope protection, aquatic plants are arranged below the normal water level, and low shrubs or grass turf are planted above the normal water level and on the platform behind the embankment for soil fixation, slope stabilization, environmental beautification and safety protection.

[0063] In S303, the length-width ratio of the ecological regulation and storage pond is, and the water surface area is calculated by using the BOD5 surface load of the ecological regulation and storage pond in engineering design. The BOD5 surface load of the ordinary ecological regulation and storage pond is 4 / (d) - 12 / (md), the effective water depth is 0.5m - 1.5m, and the BOD surface load of the ecological regulation can be taken as 8 / (md), and the effective water depth can be taken as 1m.

[0064] In S303, the construction area of the ecological regulation and storage pond is determined according to the catchment area. For every 150 mu of catchment area, an ecological regulation and storage pond with an area of more than 300㎡ and an effective water depth of 1m is configured. It is calculated by the following formula:

[0065]

[0066] In the formula: S0—the designed influent BOD5 concentration of the ecological regulation and storage pond, mg / L; S1—the designed effluent BOD5 concentration of the ecological regulation and storage pond, mg / L; the BOD5 limit value in the current "Farmland Irrigation Water Quality Standard (Draft for Comment)" (Revised GB5084) is: 100mg / L for dry farming and 60mg / L for paddy field farming. A T —the effective area of the ecological regulation and storage pond, ㎡; Q T —the designed influent flow rate of the ecological regulation and storage pond, m 3 / d; L A —the BOD5 surface load of the ecological regulation and storage pond, g / (㎡d).

[0067] In the clear water tank in S402, a liquid level gauge is installed in the tank for real-time monitoring of the ecological regulation and storage pond. When the water volume in the ecological regulation and storage pond is not enough to supply water to the clear water tank, the clear water tank replenishes water for irrigation by pumping river water or tap water. The outlet of the water replenishing pipe in the clear water tank is higher than the overflow water level in the clear water tank, and the distance between them shall not be less than 2.5 times the diameter of the water replenishing pipe and not less than 150mm.

[0068] Through the above scheme, the application of zero direct discharge of agricultural drainage and the reuse of intermediate water cycle in high-standard farmland projects is realized. The Internet of Things technology is used in the field of zero direct discharge technology for high-standard farmland drainage. The unmanned operation of the farmland irrigation system is realized from multiple links such as farmland irrigation, drainage filtration and purification, and intermediate water cycle reuse, saving human resources and reducing the waste of irrigation water.

[0069] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but is not limited thereto.

[0070] Taking the construction project area of Qianmufang Farmland in Xishanxia Village and Gengshan Village, Lianhua Town, Qujiang District as an example, hereinafter referred to as the project area for short.

[0071] According to the above technical solution, the irrigation part in a "zero direct discharge" water circulation irrigation management system for paddy field drainage in the project area includes the following steps:

[0072] S1. Judge the water demand of high-standard farmland blocks;

[0073] S2. Automatically irrigate the farmland in blocks;

[0074] S3. Ecologically filter the farmland drainage and rainwater;

[0075] S4. Pump the reclaimed water that meets the irrigation standard after filtration to the clear water tank for recycling;

[0076] S5. Discharge the overflow water that exceeds the storage capacity of the regulating pond after filtration.

[0077] According to the above technical solution, in S1 and S2 of a "zero direct discharge" water circulation irrigation management system for paddy field drainage, the specific steps are as follows:

[0078] S101. The information collection unit collects the basic information of the farmland and transmits the information to the master control room.

[0079] The information collection unit collects the following basic information of the farmland: The occupied area of the project area is about 1800 mu, most of which are gentle-slope cultivated lands, and a small part are low-lying orchards. The maximum elevation difference of the site is about 5 meters. The average annual precipitation in this irrigation area is 1500 mm. The total area of the project area is 126.6554 hectares (1899.83 mu), and the total cultivated land area after construction is 120.3261 hectares (1804.89 mu), all of which are paddy fields.

[0080] S102. The soil irrigation water consumption judgment unit judges the soil irrigation water consumption.

[0081] Based on the above irrigation system, referring to the industry water use quota of "Agricultural Water Use Quota in Zhejiang Province" (DB33 / T 769-2016), according to the crop planting structure in the irrigation area, the Qujiang irrigation sub-region belongs to the central Zhejiang hilly basin area. For grain planting, taking the intermittent irrigation of single-season rice as the standard, and taking the designed irrigation guarantee rate P = 90% for paddy fields, the irrigation quota of the project area is obtained as 325 m 3 / mu.

[0082] The soil irrigation water consumption judgment unit calculates the irrigation water demand of the project area based on the irrigation area of the project area, the crop planting structure, the irrigation system, the scale of the irrigation project, and the development prediction of the area, and combines the popularization of water-saving irrigation technologies, etc. The distributed calculation module uses formula (1) for calculation; where: q i is 1; according to the "Agricultural Water Use Quota in Zhejiang Province", m i takes 325; η takes 0.75; because single-season rice is planted, and the planting time is mainly from May to October, so the water supply and demand in the project area mainly consider the water supply and demand from May to October, and n takes 1.

[0083] Calculate the annual irrigation water demand based on the total cultivated land area of the project area:

[0084] W = 325 / 0.75 × 676.16 × 1 = 293000.5000m 3

[0085] It is calculated that the total annual water demand of the project area is 293000.5000m 3 .

[0086] The soil irrigation water consumption judgment unit calculates the water volume transferred from outside the project area according to information such as crops, planting time, and annual precipitation. The calculation process is as follows: Single-season rice is planted in the project area, and the planting time is mainly from May to October. Therefore, the project area mainly considers the water provided by rainfall from May to October. During natural rainfall, most of the precipitation in the project area runs off outside the project area, and the runoff coefficient is taken as 0.7. The average annual rainfall from May to October is 974.9 mm, and the actual retained precipitation in the area is 292.5 mm. Then the available water volume is 220104m 3 , and there is still a shortage of 72896m compared with the irrigation storage volume 3 . It is necessary to transfer 72896m from outside the project area relying on the natural precipitation in the project area 3 .

[0087] S201. The water level data real-time acquisition unit collects information on the clear water pool and transmits the information to the master control room.

[0088] S202. The master control room determines the water replenishment volume of the clear water pool through the clear water pool water replenishment judgment unit.

[0089] A liquid level gauge is installed in the clear water pool, and the ecological regulation and storage pond is monitored in real time. When the water volume in the ecological regulation and storage pond is not enough to replenish water to the clear water pool, the clear water pool diverts water from the Zhixi River for irrigation. The east side of the project area is adjacent to the Zhixi River, about 1 kilometer away from the Tongshan River on the west side. The surrounding water resources are sufficient and the irrigation conditions are good. According to the existing water pumping project, it can meet the irrigation demand in the area. The water outlet of the water replenishment pipe in the clear water pool is higher than the overflow water level in the clear water pool, and the pipe diameter is 150 mm.

[0090] S203. The master control room determines the soil irrigation flow through the farmland irrigation flow determination unit.

[0091] The farmland irrigation flow determination unit calculates the flow rate according to the designed irrigation quota, irrigation cycle, and channel operation system, using the channel flow design formula under the continuous irrigation mode. The detailed process is as follows:

[0092] Designed irrigation quota: The main crops planted in the project area are rice, with two crops a year. The maximum water volume for rice field flooding is the largest irrigation volume. According to the data in the rice field flooding quota value table and combined with the local actual situation, the designed irrigation quota is 325 m 3 / mu (the soil quality in the project area is clay).

[0093] Irrigation cycle: According to the water requirement law of rice, the continuous irrigation period of rice is generally 5 - 15 days. In this design, the irrigation cycle is taken as 5 days.

[0094] Channel operation system: The irrigation area in the project area is small, and only two irrigation channels are arranged. There is no distinction between branch channels and field channels, and the continuous irrigation mode is adopted.

[0095] Based on the above three points, the channel flow design uses the channel flow design formula under the continuous irrigation mode:

[0096]

[0097] In the formula:

[0098] Q - Design flow rate of the continuous irrigation channel (m 3 / s);

[0099] m - Crop irrigation quota (m 3 / mu);

[0100] A - Irrigation area (mu);

[0101] t - Daily irrigation time (h). For water - lifting irrigation in the project area, generally, water - lifting irrigation takes 20 - 22 hours, and 20 hours is taken;

[0102] T - Allowed continuous irrigation days (d);

[0103] η - Effective utilization coefficient of canal system water. Because the channel is short and there is no water diversion, the planned design standard is 0.9.

[0104] The project area is planned to be divided into 7 districts for irrigation. It is necessary to consider whether the flow demand is met under the respective controlled areas of each irrigation district. The designed flow rates are as follows in the table:

[0105] Name of Irrigation District Irrigation Area (mu) <![CDATA[Design flow rate (m 3 / s)]]> Irrigation District 01 177.89 0.1784 Irrigation District 02 87.99 0.0883 Irrigation District 03 113.54 0.1139 Irrigation District 04 159.78 0.1603 Irrigation District 05 104.67 0.1050 Irrigation District 06 179.39 0.1799 Irrigation District 07 173.95 0.1745

[0106] S204. The master control room controls the start of the booster pump in the clear water tank through the electric pump control unit to implement irrigation.

[0107] According to the above technical solution, in S3 and S4 of a "zero direct discharge" water cycle irrigation management system for paddy field drainage, the engineering technology of zero direct discharge of paddy field drainage is applied, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0108] S301. Irrigation water and rainwater flow by gravity through the ecological interception ditch for preliminary filtration of the drainage water;

[0109] S302. Irrigation water and rainwater flow by gravity from the ecological interception ditch into the three-pond two-dam for deep filtration of the drainage water;

[0110] S303. Irrigation water and rainwater overflow from the three-pond two-dam to the ecological storage pond for water storage.

[0111] The construction area of the ecological storage pond is determined according to the catchment area. For every 150 mu of catchment area, an ecological storage pond with an area of more than 300 ㎡ and an effective water depth of 1 m is configured. The project area is divided into 7 blocks, and the average catchment area of each block is 0.3406 k㎡. According to the calculation, the construction area of the ecological storage pond in one block is 1021.8 ㎡, and the volume is 1021.8 m 3 , and the aspect ratio of length to width is 3:1.

[0112] S401. The master control room judges whether the ecological storage pond has the condition of water return through the water return level judgment unit of the ecological storage pond;

[0113] S402. The master control room controls the booster pump of the ecological storage pond with the condition of water return to start through the electric pump control unit, and pumps the purified water to the clean water tank until the water level data real-time acquisition unit of the partition clean water tank senses that it is full of water.

[0114] According to the above technical solution, in S5 of a "zero direct discharge" water cycle irrigation management system for paddy field drainage, the specific steps are as follows:

[0115] S501. The water level data real-time acquisition unit collects information from the ecological storage pond and transmits it to the master control room;

[0116] S502. The master control room judges whether the ecological storage pond overflows through the water return level judgment unit of the ecological storage pond;

[0117] S503. The master control room judges the farmland drainage flow through the farmland drainage flow judgment unit.

[0118] The farmland irrigation flow judgment unit calculates the drainage flow according to the designed waterlogging drainage standard and waterlogging drainage modulus of the project area. The detailed process is as follows:

[0119] The designed waterlogging drainage standard of the project area is a once-in-10-year 1-day rainstorm drained to the crop's flood tolerance depth in 2 days. The waterlogging drainage modulus of this project is calculated by the average drainage method. The natural drainage waterlogging drainage modulus of paddy fields:

[0120] q 涝=(P - h ω - E ω - S) / 86.4t;

[0121] Where:

[0122] q 涝 —Drainage modulus, m 3 / (s / km²);

[0123] P—Design storm rainfall, P = 203 mm;

[0124] h ω —Water storage depth in paddy fields (mm), take 100 mm, according to "Standards for Farmland Water Conservancy Construction of Efficient Agriculture in Zhejiang Province (Implemented)" (2001);

[0125] E ω —Total evapotranspiration in paddy fields during the drainage period (mm), according to "Hydrological Handbook of Zhejiang Province", E = E60 * t = 6.0 * 2 mm / d = 12 mm / d, E60 is the evaporation of an evaporation pan with a diameter of 60 cm during the drainage critical period;

[0126] S—Total seepage in paddy fields during the drainage period (mm), take 6 mm;

[0127] t—Drainage duration, 5 hours.

[0128] From the above parameters, it can be calculated that:

[0129] q 涝 =(203 - 100 - 12 - 6) / 86.4 * 5 = 0.1968 (m 3 / s) / km².

[0130] The area of the project area is relatively large. In this design, drainage is carried out by dividing the area into sub - areas. Therefore, only the catchment area of one drainage area in the project area is calculated. Then the average catchment area A = 0.3406 km². Therefore, the designed drainage flow of this block is:

[0131] Q = q1 × A = 0.1968 × 0.3406 = 0.0670 (m 3 / s).

[0132] S504. The master control room controls the opening of the drainage valve of the ecological storage pond with overflow through the electric valve control unit, and discharges the purified water in the ecological storage pond to the receiving water body.

[0133] The standard parts used in the present invention can all be purchased from the market. The special-shaped parts can be customized according to the descriptions in the specification and the drawings. The specific connection methods of each part all adopt conventional means such as bolts, rivets, and welding that are mature in the prior art. The machines, parts, and equipment all adopt conventional models in the prior art, which will not be elaborated here. The content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art well-known to those skilled in the art. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A zero direct drainage circular irrigation management system for paddy field drainage, comprising a multi-source information collection module, an information monitoring module, a distributed computing module, a device control module, an intelligent early warning module, a master control room and a data processing module, characterized in that: The multi-source information collection module, information monitoring module, distributed computing module, intelligent early warning module, and data processing module are wirelessly connected to the master control room through the LoRa protocol respectively. The master control room controls the device control module through the IoT gateway. The device control module controls the operation modes of the sluices and water pumps in the area to be irrigated through the IoT gateway. The multi-source information collection module is wirelessly connected to the distributed computing module, data processing module, and device control module through the LoRa protocol respectively; the data processing module is wirelessly connected to the device control module and intelligent early warning module through the LoRa protocol respectively; The multi-source information collection module obtains multi-source information of the irrigation area based on the high-standard farmland GIS model and sends the collected information to the data processing module; the multi-source information collection module includes a rainfall data real-time collection unit, a water level data real-time collection unit, a soil moisture (soil humidity) real-time collection unit, and an ecological regulation pond water quality collection unit; The information monitoring module is used to collect real-time irrigation information, and the real-time irrigation information includes main canal and branch canal flow data, ecological regulation pond water level and water quality data, soil moisture (soil humidity) data, and meteorological data; The distributed computing module is used to calculate the soil irrigation water consumption judgment unit to judge the soil irrigation water consumption according to the multi-source information and real-time irrigation information; the distributed computing module includes a soil irrigation water demand judgment unit, a clear water tank water replenishment demand judgment unit, a farmland irrigation flow judgment unit, a farmland drainage flow judgment unit, and an ecological regulation pond backwater level judgment unit; The device control module is used to control the operation modes of the sluices and electric pumps in each irrigation area according to the irrigation demand calculated by the distributed computing module; the device control module includes an irrigation regulation unit, an electric pump control unit, and an electric valve control unit; The intelligent early warning module sorts the low flow rate, severe water shortage, and suspected leakage point area location information transmitted by the data processing module in ascending order according to the level of suspicion, and then sends the low flow rate, severe water shortage, suspected leakage point information, and location to relevant personnel for processing to achieve intelligent early warning.

2. The zero direct drainage and circular irrigation management system for paddy field drainage water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-source information collected by the multi-source information collection module includes farmland distribution data, main canal and branch canal distribution data, ecological regulation pond distribution data, and soil data.

3. The zero direct discharge water circulation irrigation management system for paddy field drainage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rainfall data real-time acquisition unit obtains the meteorological information of the area to be irrigated through the Internet to collect real-time rainfall data, and sends the information to the data processing module after collection; the water level data real-time acquisition unit collects the water level value of the clear water tank through the water level monitor installed at the clear water tank, and collects the water level value of the ecological storage pond through the water level detector installed at the ecological storage pond, and sends the information to the data processing module after collection; the soil moisture (soil humidity) real-time acquisition unit monitors the soil moisture of the area to be irrigated through the moisture sensor, collects the real-time soil moisture, and sends the information to the data processing module after collection; the ecological storage pond water quality acquisition unit is used to monitor the water quality of the ecological storage pond, collects the water quality of the ecological storage pond through the water quality detector installed, and sends the information to the data processing module after collection.

4. A zero direct drainage cyclic irrigation management system for paddy field drainage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil irrigation water demand judgment unit calculates the irrigation water volume required by the soil through the real-time rainfall data and real-time soil humidity information collected by the multi-source information collection module; the farmland irrigation flow judgment unit calculates the flow according to the designed irrigation quota, irrigation cycle, and channel operation system, using the channel flow design formula under the continuous irrigation mode; the farmland drainage flow judgment unit calculates the drainage flow according to the designed waterlogging drainage standard and waterlogging drainage modulus of the project area.

5. A zero-direct-discharge water circulation irrigation management system for paddy field drainage, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The ecological storage pond backwater level judgment unit judges whether the ecological storage pond has the condition of backwater through the situation of the ecological storage pond collected by the ecological storage pond water quality acquisition unit; judges the available backwater volume of the ecological storage pond through the water level value of the ecological storage pond collected by the water level detector installed at the ecological storage pond; judges whether to open the electric valve to flow automatically to the next clear water tank, or open the electric pump to pump water to the total clear water tank, or open the sluice to flow into the ecological ditch through the water level value of the next clear water tank block and the water level value of the total clear water tank collected by the water level data real-time acquisition unit.

6. The zero direct drainage and circular irrigation management system for paddy field drainage water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The irrigation regulation unit can control the water temperature and water pressure according to the command information transmitted by the data processing module; the electric pump control unit can control the switch of the electric pump according to the command information transmitted by the data processing module; the electric valve control unit can receive the command information transmitted by the data processing module and realize the on-off regulation of the main pipe electric valve switch and all branch pipe electric valve switches.

7. A zero-direct-discharge water circulation irrigation management system for paddy field drainage, according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps for irrigating the irrigation area are as follows: S1. Judge the water demand of the high-standard farmland block; S2. Automatically irrigate the farmland in blocks; S3. Ecologically filter the farmland drainage and rainwater; S4. Pump the reclaimed water that meets the irrigation standard after filtration to the clear water tank for recycling; S5. Discharge the overflow water that exceeds the storage capacity of the storage pond after filtration.

8. A zero-direct-discharge water circulation irrigation management system for paddy field drainage, characterized in that: The specific operation of step S1 is as follows: S101. The multi-source information collection module collects the basic information of the farmland and transmits the information to the general control room; S102. The soil irrigation water volume judgment unit judges the soil irrigation water volume. The specific operations of step S2 are as follows: S201, the water level data real-time acquisition unit collects information from the clean water tank and transmits the information to the master control room; S202, the master control room determines the make-up water volume of the clean water tank through the clean water tank make-up water judgment unit; S203, the master control room determines the soil irrigation flow through the farmland irrigation flow judgment unit; S204, the master control room controls the start of the booster pump of the clean water tank through the electric pump control unit to implement irrigation. The specific operations of step S3 are as follows: S301, the irrigation water and rainwater flow by gravity through the ecological interception ditch for preliminary filtering of the drained water; S302, the irrigation water and rainwater flow by gravity from the ecological interception ditch into the three ponds and two dams for deep filtering of the drained water; S303, the irrigation water and rainwater overflow from the three ponds and two dams to the ecological storage pond for water storage. The specific operations of step S4 are as follows: S401, the master control room determines whether the ecological storage pond has the condition of water return through the ecological storage pond water return level judgment unit; S402, the master control room controls the start of the booster pump of the ecological storage pond with the condition of water return through the electric pump control unit, and pumps the purified water to the clean water tank until the water level data real-time acquisition unit of the partitioned clean water tank senses full water. The specific operations of step S5 are as follows: S501, the water level data real-time acquisition unit collects information from the ecological storage pond and transmits it to the master control room; S502, the master control room determines whether the ecological storage pond overflows through the ecological storage pond water return level judgment unit; S503, the master control room determines the farmland drainage flow through the farmland drainage flow judgment unit; S504, the master control room controls the opening of the drainage valve of the ecological storage pond that overflows through the electric valve control unit, and discharges the purified water in the ecological storage pond to the receiving water body.

9. The zero direct discharge water circulation irrigation management system for paddy field drainage according to claim 1, wherein: The multi-source information acquisition module, distributed computing module, equipment control module, and intelligent early warning module all come with their own power supplies.

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