Breeding method of high-quality oyster monomers

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-quality oyster monomer breeding method, which optimizes the growth environment of monomer oysters through the coupling effect of bionic flow velocity control and resonance flow guide technology, and comprises the following steps: step 1, adopting a breeding cage with a bionic water drop-shaped outline, arranging a flow guide structure at the bottom of the breeding cage, and enabling water flow to pass through the flow guide structure, the sediment is scoured, and the culture cage vibrates under the scouring of water flow; 2, arranging a plurality of sensors for detecting the water flow velocity at different depths in water; 3, the single oysters are placed in culture cages, the culture cages are fixed to culture branch ropes, a plurality of culture cages are fixed to each culture branch rope to form a culture string, the culture cages are distributed along the culture branch ropes at equal intervals, water flow velocity sensors are arranged at different depths in water, the water flow velocity sensors monitor the water flow velocity at regular intervals, and the water flow velocity sensors are used for monitoring the water flow velocity. The water depth of the culture cage can be accurately adjusted according to the growth stage of oysters, so that the growth environment of the oysters is optimized, and the growth speed and quality are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention is a method for cultivating single high-quality oysters, belonging to the field of oyster cultivation. Background Art

[0002] In the field of oyster cultivation, traditional cultivation methods often have difficulty in precisely controlling the water flow rate, sediment accumulation, and direct impact of water flow on oysters in the growth environment of oysters. These factors have an important impact on the growth rate, quality, and survival rate of oysters. Although existing technologies have tried to improve the growth conditions of oysters through different cultivation cage designs and environmental control means, the following deficiencies still exist:

[0003] Improper sediment treatment: Excessive sediment accumulation in the cultivation cage is likely to breed bacteria, affecting the health of oysters, while traditional methods are inefficient in removing sediment.

[0004] Unscientific cultivation cage design: Some cultivation cage designs do not fully consider the growth habits of oysters and the principles of water flow dynamics, resulting in poor water flow exchange and affecting the respiration and nutrient uptake of oysters. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating single high-quality oysters to solve the problems.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A method for cultivating single high-quality oysters, through the coupling effect of bionic flow velocity control and resonance diversion technology, optimizes the growth environment of single oysters, including the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Adopt a cultivation cage with a bionic water droplet-shaped contour, and set a diversion structure at the bottom of the cultivation cage. When water flows through the diversion structure, it will wash away sediment, and under the washing of water flow, the cultivation cage will vibrate;

[0008] Step 2: Set several sensors for detecting water flow velocity at different depths in the water;

[0009] Step 3: Place single oysters in the cultivation cage, and fix the cultivation cage on the cultivation support rope. A number of cultivation cages are fixed on each cultivation support rope to form a cultivation string, wherein the cultivation cages are evenly distributed along the cultivation support rope;

[0010] Step 4: After the cultivation cage and the cultivation support rope are fixed, fix the cultivation support rope at equal intervals on the support beam on the fishing raft, and a lifting device for adjusting the height of the support beam is provided on the fishing raft;

[0011] Step 5: Regularly monitor the water flow velocity in the water through the sensors, and place the cultivation cage at different depths in the water according to the growth stage of single oysters.

[0012] Preferably, the breeding cage includes a main cage and a sub-cage with meshes; the main cage and the sub-cage are hinged and form a water droplet shape after being closed. The bottoms of the main cage and the sub-cage after being closed are rounded to form a curved surface in the bottom inner cavity.

[0013] Preferably, the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the breeding cage is 2.5:1 to 3:1, and the radius of curvature at the top is 0.8 - 1.2 times the length of the minor axis; the breeding cage is provided with a gradient hollowing hole array with non-uniform distribution, and the aperture range of the meshes is 20mm - 30mm, and the hole pitch is 1.5 - 2 times the aperture.

[0014] Preferably, both the main cage and the sub-cage are injection molded from PE material.

[0015] Preferably, the diversion structure includes a diversion cylinder arranged in the middle of the curved surface formed in the bottom inner cavity of the breeding cage; the range of the curved surface is 15° - 20°, and the length of the curved surface is 2 - 3 times the diameter of the diversion cylinder.

[0016] Preferably, the lifting device includes a plurality of high legs, and the high legs are provided with scales for displaying the height; the support beam is bundled and fixed on the high legs corresponding to the scales.

[0017] Preferably, a plurality of through holes are reserved on one side of the diversion cylinder, and a sleeve assembly is connected by wire harnesses at the outlet of the diversion cylinder; the sleeve assembly includes a first sleeve for closing the through holes and the outlet of the diversion cylinder, and a plurality of second sleeves for changing the outlet diameter of the diversion cylinder; the first sleeve, the second sleeves and between the plurality of second sleeves are distinguished by colors.

[0018] Preferably, the growth stages of a single oyster are defined as the larval attachment stage, the growth stage, and the fattening stage;

[0019] During the larval attachment stage, close the cover plate and insert the first sleeve to close the diversion cylinder and the through holes;

[0020] During the growth stage, open the cover plate and take out the first sleeve;

[0021] During the fattening stage, open the cover plate and install the second sleeve according to the water flow velocity at the water depth.

[0022] Preferably, select the corresponding second sleeve to dynamically adjust the scouring efficiency of the breeding cage; define the scouring efficiency as the ratio of the sediment reduction amount to the initial sediment amount within a certain time.

[0023] Preferably, during the growth stage, the scouring efficiency is between 40% - 60%; during the fattening stage, the scouring efficiency is between 20% - 40%.

[0024] Beneficial effects

[0025] By setting water flow velocity sensors at different depths in water and regularly monitoring the water flow velocity, the present invention can precisely adjust the water depth of the culture cage according to the growth stage of oysters, thereby optimizing the growth environment of oysters, improving the growth rate and quality; a diversion structure is arranged at the bottom of the culture cage, and when water flows through the diversion cylinder, sediments are effectively scoured, avoiding affecting the growth of oysters; at the same time, the diversion cylinder generates vibration and vortices when water flows through, and when the frequency of the water flow vortex is close to the natural frequency of the culture cage, the resonance effect is enhanced, further optimizing the growth environment of oysters and promoting the growth and metabolism of oysters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fish raft culture of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the culture cage of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0029] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and functions of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 , the present invention provides a technical solution for a method of culturing high-quality single oysters:

[0031] Through the coupling effect of bionic flow velocity control and resonance diversion technology, the growth environment of single oysters is optimized, including the following steps:

[0032] Step 1: Adopt a culture cage 1 with a bionic water droplet-shaped contour, and a diversion structure is arranged at the bottom of the culture cage 1, so that when water flows through the diversion structure, sediments will be scoured, and under the scouring of water flow, the culture cage 1 will vibrate;

[0033] Step 2: Set a number of sensors for detecting water flow velocity at different depths in water;

[0034] Step 3: Place single oysters in the culture cage 1, and fix the culture cage 1 on the culture support rope. A number of culture cages 1 are fixed on each culture support rope to form a culture string. Among them, the culture cages 1 are evenly distributed along the culture support rope;

[0035] Step 4: After the culture cage 1 and the culture support rope are fixed, fix the culture support rope at equal intervals on the support beam 5 on the fish raft. A lifting device for adjusting the height of the support beam 5 is arranged on the fish raft;

[0036] Step 5: Regularly monitor the water flow rate in the water through sensors, and place the cultivation cage 1 at different depths in the water according to the growth stage of individual oysters.

[0037] The cultivation cage 1 includes a main cage 11 and a sub-cage 12 that are hinged, and forms a water droplet shape after being closed, with a rounded bottom forming a curved surface. The range of the curved surface is 15° - 20°, and the length of the curved surface is 2 - 3 times the diameter of the draft tube 3. In this way, solid impurities on the cultivation cage 1 can be collected and naturally precipitate at the bottom of the cultivation cage 1, and the appropriate curved surface length can provide good drainage for the draft tube 3.

[0038] Preferably, the cultivation cage 1 is provided with a non-uniformly distributed gradient perforated hole array, and the aperture range of the mesh is 20mm - 30mm, and the hole spacing is 1.5 - 2 times the aperture. This ensures the smooth passage of water flow, effectively prevents the escape of oysters, and at the same time provides good water flow exchange conditions, which is beneficial to the respiration and nutrient uptake of oysters.

[0039] Furthermore, to handle the accumulated impurities, a draft tube 3 is provided in the inner cavity at the bottom of the cultivation cage 1. In this way, under the scouring of the water flow, the sediment will be discharged from the draft tube 3.

[0040] It is worth mentioning that several through holes 31 are reserved on the draft tube 3, so that stronger vibration and vortex are generated after the water flow passes through. The reason is that when the water flow enters the draft tube 3, boundary layer separation will occur when it encounters the tube wall of the draft tube 3 and the through holes 31. The boundary layer is a layer of fluid close to the tube wall of the draft tube 3, and its velocity gradually increases from zero at the tube wall to the mainstream velocity. When the water flow passes through the through holes 31, part of the water flow will flow out from the through holes 31, changing the flow direction and velocity distribution of the mainstream, resulting in a velocity gradient inside the fluid, and shear action occurs between fluid layers with different velocities. This shear action is an important driving force for the formation of vortices. And when the water flow flows in the draft tube 3, due to the existence of the through holes 31, the pressure distribution in the draft tube 3 will become uneven. Near the through holes 31, the outflow of water flow leads to a local pressure drop, while the pressure in other areas is relatively high. This pressure difference will cause the fluid to flow from the high-pressure area to the low-pressure area, and it is easy to form a rotational movement during the flow process, thereby generating vortices. When the water flow vortex frequency approaches the natural frequency of the cultivation cage 1, the resonance effect will be enhanced.

[0041] Further, in order to adapt to different water flow rates during different growth cycles, a sleeve assembly is connected to the wire harness at the outlet of the draft tube 3; the sleeve assembly includes a first sleeve 41 for closing the through hole 31 and the outlet of the draft tube 3, and several second sleeves 42 for changing the outlet diameter of the draft tube 3; further, the first sleeve 41, the second sleeves 42, and between several of the second sleeves 42 are distinguished by colors. By changing the diameter of the draft tube 3, the water flow vortex frequency is changed, thereby adjusting the resonance effect of the culture cage 1. Further, a rubber ring is installed on the sleeve assembly so that the sleeve assembly can be tightly connected to the draft tube 3.

[0042] Further, to make the culture cage 1 more likely to participate in resonance, both the main cage 11 and the sub-cage 12 are injection-molded from a lightweight and durable PE material.

[0043] Further, to enable the height of the culture cage 1 in water to be adjustable, the lifting device includes several high legs 6, and the high legs 6 are provided with scales for displaying the height; the support beam 5 is bundled and fixed on the high legs 6 corresponding to the scales. The height of the support beam 5 is adjusted by using the high legs 6, thereby changing the water depth at which the culture ropes bundled on the support beam 5 are located.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] Preparation of the culture cage 1:

[0046] Both the main cage 11 and the sub-cage 12 of the culture cage 1 are injection-molded from PE material; the culture cage 1 is designed with a bionic water droplet-shaped contour, the ratio of the long axis to the short axis is 2.8:1, and the top curvature radius is 1 times the length of the short axis; the culture cage 1 is provided with a non-uniformly distributed gradient hollow hole array, the aperture of the mesh is 25 mm, and the hole spacing is 1.8 times the aperture, ensuring smooth water flow through and preventing oysters from escaping.

[0047] A draft tube 3 is formed in the inner cavity at the bottom of the culture cage 1 at the middle of the curved surface. The diameter of the draft tube 3 is 50 mm, the curved surface range is 18°, and the curved surface length is 2.5 times the diameter of the draft tube 3. Several through holes 31 with a diameter of 5 mm are reserved on one side of the draft tube 3, and a sleeve assembly is connected to the wire harness at the outlet. The sleeve assembly includes a first sleeve 41 for closing the through hole 31 and the outlet of the draft tube 3 and several second sleeves 42 for changing the outlet diameter of the draft tube 3. The second sleeves 42 are distinguished by colors.

[0048] Placement and fixation of oysters:

[0049] Select healthy and highly viable single oyster larvae as the culture objects.

[0050] Place the oysters in the cultivation cage 1 and fix them on the cultivation support rope. A number of cultivation cages 1 are fixed at equal intervals on each cultivation support rope to form a cultivation string. The distance between the suspension ears of the cultivation cages 1 on the cultivation string is 4 cm - 6 cm.

[0051] Set up a support beam 5 on the fishing raft. The support beam 5 is connected to the fishing raft through a lifting device (such as a high-legged frame 6). The high-legged frame 6 has a scale for displaying the height. The support beam 5 is bundled and fixed on the high-legged frame 6 corresponding to the scale. Fix the cultivation support ropes at equal distances on the support beam 5. The interval between each cultivation support rope is not less than 1 m, and the distance between adjacent support beams 5 is not less than 2.5 m.

[0052] Monitoring and adjustment:

[0053] According to the tidal characteristics of the cultivation area, set up several sensors for detecting the water flow velocity at 1 m - 2 m, 2 m - 3 m, and 3 m - 4 m in the water, and regularly monitor the water flow velocity in the water. Receive the water flow velocity information corresponding to the water depth through the corresponding terminal.

[0054] Dynamic adjustment:

[0055] Define the oysters within 1 - 30 days as the larval attachment period. During this period, raise them at 1 m - 2 m, close the cover plate, insert the first sleeve 41, so that the guide cylinder 3 and the through hole 31 are closed, reducing the impact of the water flow on the larvae.

[0056] Define the oysters within 31 - 180 days as the growth period. During this period, raise them at 3 m - 4 m, open the cover plate, take out the first sleeve 41, so that the water flow forms a vortex through the guide cylinder 3, enhancing the scouring effect. Adjust and change the outlet diameter of the guide cylinder 3 according to the water flow velocity, so that the scouring efficiency is between 40% - 50%.

[0057] Define the oysters within 181 - 270 days and above as the fattening period. During this period, raise them at 2 m - 3 m, open the cover plate, install a suitable second sleeve 42 according to the water flow velocity at the water depth, change the outlet diameter of the guide cylinder 3, and dynamically adjust the scouring efficiency to 25% - 30%.

[0058] It is worth mentioning that before cultivation, a simulation experiment needs to be carried out. The experimental steps are as follows:

[0059] S1: Select multiple oyster samples in the larval attachment period, growth period, and fattening period, and cultivate them at 1 m - 2 m, 2 m - 3 m, and 3 m - 4 m in the simulated water area; and control the experimental variables, such as water quality, plankton, etc.;

[0060] S2: Install different second sleeves 42 and no sleeve components in the cultivation cage 1 at the water depth of each stage to form a control group;

[0061] S3: Use an existing wave maker to simulate the water flow velocity to scour the aquaculture cages 1 at different water depths. For example, at a water depth of 1 m - 2 m, the water flow velocity is between 0.8 m / s - 1.0 m / s; at a water depth of 2 m - 3 m, the water flow velocity is between 1.0 m / s - 1.2 m / s; at a water depth of 3 m - 4 m, the water flow velocity is between 1.2 m / s - 1.6 m / s; and record the growth status, as shown in Tables 1 - 3.

[0062]

[0063]

[0064] Table 1

[0065]

[0066]

[0067]

[0068] Table 2

[0069]

[0070]

[0071]

[0072] Table 3

[0073] Define the scouring efficiency as the ratio of the sediment reduction amount to the initial sediment amount within a certain time.

[0074] As can be seen from Table 1, in the simulated aquaculture, for oysters in the larval attachment stage, when the outlet of the guide cylinder 3 is closed and the water flow velocity is between 0.8 m / s - 1.0 m / s, the attachment state is good. Preferably, the oysters can be placed at a water depth of 1 m - 2 m to obtain more food.

[0075] As can be seen from Table 2, in the simulated aquaculture, for oysters in the growth stage, when the sleeve assembly is removed and the water flow velocity is between 1.2 m / s - 1.6 m / s, it will not only not affect the attachment of the oysters, but also because the slag discharge capacity is improved, the oysters grow rapidly.

[0076] As can be seen from Table 3, in the simulated aquaculture, for oysters in the fattening stage, when the diameter of the outlet of the guide cylinder 3 is 20 mm, the oysters can fatten better, but the shell occupancy is still not ideal. While when the diameter of the outlet of the guide cylinder 3 is 30 mm, the oysters can not only fatten better, but also have an excellent shell occupancy. Especially when at a water depth of 2 m - 3 m, the shell occupancy is small, making the oysters have a state of more meat and thinner shells.

[0077] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. For a person skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention, the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms. Therefore, in any regard, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, it is intended to embrace all changes that fall within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims concerned.

[0078] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative manner of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A cultivation method for single fine oysters, characterized in that: By coupling the bionic flow velocity control and resonance diversion technologies, the growth environment of single oysters is optimized, including the following steps: Step 1: Use a culture cage with a bionic water droplet-shaped profile, and set a diversion structure at the bottom of the culture cage. When the water flow passes through the diversion structure, it will scour the sediment, and under the scouring of the water flow, the culture cage will vibrate; Step 2: Set several sensors for detecting water flow velocity at different depths in the water; Step 3: Place the single oysters in the culture cage, and fix the culture cage on the culture supporting rope. A number of culture cages are fixed on each culture supporting rope to form a culture string. Among them, the culture cages are evenly distributed along the culture supporting rope; Step 4: After the culture cage and the culture supporting rope are fixed, fix the culture supporting rope at equal intervals on the support beam on the fishing raft. There is a lifting device for adjusting the height of the support beam on the fishing raft; Step 5: Regularly monitor the water flow velocity in the water through the sensors, and place the culture cage at different depths in the water according to the growth stage of the single oysters.

2. The culturing method of a single high-quality oyster according to claim 1, characterized in that: The culture cage includes a main cage and a sub-cage with meshes; the main cage is hinged to the sub-cage and forms a water droplet shape after closing. The bottom of the main cage and the sub-cage after closing is round, so as to form a curved surface in the bottom inner cavity.

3. The culturing method of a single high-quality oyster according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the culture cage is 2.5:1 to 3:1, and the radius of curvature at the top is 0.8-1.2 times the length of the minor axis; the culture cage is provided with a non-uniformly distributed gradient hollow hole array, and the aperture range of the meshes is 20mm-30mm, and the hole spacing is 1.5-2 times the aperture.

4. The culturing method of a single high-quality oyster according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both the main cage and the sub-cage are injection molded with PE material.

5. The culturing method of a single high-quality oyster according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diversion structure includes a diversion cylinder arranged in the middle of the curved surface formed in the bottom inner cavity of the culture cage; the range of the curved surface is 15°-20°, and the length of the curved surface is 2-3 times the diameter of the diversion cylinder.

6. The cultivation method of a single high-quality oyster according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting device includes several high-legged frames, and the high-legged frames are provided with scales for displaying the height; the support beam is tied and fixed on the high-legged frames corresponding to the scales.

7. The culturing method of a single high-quality oyster according to claim 5, characterized in that: Several through holes are reserved on one side of the diversion cylinder, and a sleeve assembly is connected by a wire harness at the outlet of the diversion cylinder; the sleeve assembly includes a first sleeve for closing the through holes and the outlet of the diversion cylinder, and several second sleeves for changing the outlet diameter of the diversion cylinder; the first sleeve, the second sleeves and several of the second sleeves are distinguished by colors.

8. A method for cultivating a single high-quality oyster, as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: Define the growth stages of single oysters as the larval attachment stage, the growth stage, and the fattening stage; During the larval attachment stage, close the cover plate and insert the first sleeve to close the diversion cylinder and the through holes; During the growth stage, open the cover plate and take out the first sleeve; During the fattening stage, open the cover plate and install the second sleeve according to the water flow velocity at the water depth.

9. The cultivation method of a single high-quality oyster according to claim 8, characterized in that: Select the corresponding second sleeve to dynamically adjust the scouring efficiency of the culture cage; define the scouring efficiency as the ratio of the sediment reduction amount to the initial sediment amount within a certain time.

10. A method for culturing a single high-quality oyster, as claimed in claim 9, wherein: During the growth stage, the scouring efficiency is between 40%-60%; during the fattening stage, the scouring efficiency is between 20%-40%.

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