Grinding heat measuring device considering heat transfer characteristics of workpiece and machine tool

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of grinding testing, provides a grinding heat measuring device considering the heat transfer characteristic of a workpiece and a machine tool, and solves the problem that the accuracy of a measuring result is affected due to the fact that a traditional grinding heat measuring device changes heat transfer dynamics in the workpiece, and adopts the technical scheme that the grinding heat measuring device comprises a measuring clamp and a data processing module; the measuring clamp base is provided with freedom degree limiting assemblies for limiting a workpiece to move in the x-axis direction, the y-axis direction and the z-axis direction, and all the freedom degree limiting assemblies are matched to clamp the workpiece; a flexible grinding temperature sensor is arranged on the internal thread seat in contact with the lower surface of the workpiece in a covering mode, a flexible wire is arranged on the flexible grinding temperature sensor, and the flexible wire is connected to a data collecting and processing device; the data processing module is configured to receive the temperature data of the lower surface of the workpiece, and the grinding heat temperature distribution of the upper surface of the workpiece is obtained through inversion in combination with the parameters of the material of the workpiece to be detected and the constructed temperature difference equation of each node of the internal grid of the workpiece. And interference and damage to the surface of the workpiece are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of grinding testing, and particularly relates to a grinding heat measurement device and a machine tool considering the heat transfer characteristics of workpieces. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this part only provide background technical information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Grinding is a machining method with high energy input, characterized by very high energy required to remove unit volume of material. Most of this energy is converted into heat energy, resulting in a rapid increase in the temperature of the grinding zone. This high-temperature phenomenon not only affects the surface hardness, residual stress development, and fatigue life of the workpiece, but may also lead to catastrophic failures. Therefore, accurately measuring and controlling the temperature during the grinding process is crucial.

[0004] When measuring the temperature with current grinding heat measurement devices, the following solutions are adopted:

[0005] First, most of them stay at drilling and installing thermocouples on the workpiece or tool. For example, the solution with the publication number CN205798364U is to set 7 temperature measurement holes on the surfaces of the left metal plate and the right metal plate, and the thermocouple can pass through the temperature measurement holes and enter the casting cavity. Another example is the solution with the publication number CN113237564A, which enables the temperature measurement at multiple points with one adjustment of the spray gun position. Another example is the solution with the publication number CN107263141A, where the base is installed on the dynamometer, and one end of the lower surface of the fixture is rotatably connected to one end of the upper surface of the base through a hinge; there is a cavity inside the fixture, and the thermocouple is installed in the cavity through a fixing bolt.

[0006] The above solutions stay at drilling and installing thermocouples on the workpiece or tool, which not only increases the operation difficulty but may also change the heat transfer dynamics inside the workpiece, affecting the accuracy of the measurement results;

[0007] Second, infrared imaging technology is adopted. For example, the solution with the publication number CN107263141A has a temperature control module, an A / D conversion module, and a bias voltage module on the driving plate; the bias voltage module provides voltage for the infrared probe; the A / D conversion module converts the image signal transmitted by the infrared probe into a digital image signal; the temperature control module controls the temperature of the focal plane array of the infrared probe;

[0008] However, compared with visible light, the resolution of infrared signals in infrared imaging technology is lower, and the contrast is also poorer, which may be a major limitation in applications requiring high-precision temperature measurement;

[0009] Thirdly, the acoustic emission sensing technology is adopted. For example, the solution with the publication number CN118990139A is provided with a grinding fluid output mechanism, an infrared temperature measurement mechanism, an acoustic emission sensor, a pulse power connection mechanism and a grinding fluid filtering mechanism on the grinding machine main body; the grinding fluid output mechanism includes a grinding fluid hydraulic reciprocating device, a grinding wheel grinding fluid output device, a grinding fluid temperature control device and a main control box; the infrared temperature measurement mechanism is used to detect the temperature of the workpiece and the grinding area; the acoustic emission sensor is used to detect the wear condition of the grinding wheel; the pulse power connection mechanism includes a cylindrical brush, a brush fixing plate and a magnetic adsorption brush. One end of the cylindrical brush and the magnetic adsorption brush are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the pulse power supply. The electric brush head of the cylindrical brush is connected to the workpiece, and the electric brush head of the magnetic adsorption brush is connected to the rear center of the grinding machine main body; the grinding fluid filtering mechanism is used to transport the filtered grinding fluid to the grinding fluid temperature control device.

[0010] However, the acoustic emission sensing technology is easily affected by external noise through detecting the acoustic wave signals generated during the grinding process, especially in a noisy environment, which will affect the accuracy and reliability of the signals.

[0011] To sum up, there is currently no grinding heat measurement fixture that can effectively measure the grinding heat without affecting the workpiece structure and processability, nor is there a grinding heat measurement fixture that can meet the above requirements for measuring the grinding heat coefficient while ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the signals. Summary of the Invention

[0012] In order to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology, the first aspect of the present invention provides a flexible grinding temperature sensing device, which can effectively measure the grinding heat without affecting the workpiece structure and processability, and at the same time ensure the accuracy and reliability of the signals.

[0013] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0014] A grinding heat measurement device considering the workpiece heat transfer characteristics, including a measurement fixture and a data processing module;

[0015] The measurement fixture includes a base, and a degree-of-freedom limiting component for restricting the movement of the workpiece in the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis directions is arranged on the base, and each degree-of-freedom limiting component cooperates to clamp the workpiece;

[0016] An internal thread seat is arranged inside the base, a flexible grinding temperature sensor is covered on the internal thread seat in contact with the lower surface of the workpiece, a flexible wire is arranged on the flexible grinding temperature sensor, and the flexible wire is connected to a data acquisition and processing device; the flexible grinding temperature sensor is used to capture the temperature data of the lower surface of the workpiece;

[0017] The data processing module is configured to: receive the temperature data of the lower surface of the workpiece, and inversely obtain the grinding heat temperature distribution on the upper surface of the workpiece by combining the parameters of the workpiece material to be detected and the temperature difference equations of each node of the internal grid of the workpiece constructed.

[0018] Further, the flexible grinding temperature sensor includes a flexible substrate layer, a flexible base layer, a temperature-sensitive conductive layer, an insulating layer and a protective layer, and the flexible substrate layer, the flexible base layer, the temperature-sensitive conductive layer, the insulating layer and the protective layer are adhesively bonded in sequence from bottom to top; the flexible substrate layer is in contact with the base, and the temperature-sensitive conductive layer and the flexible base layer are adhesively bonded as the main body part of the sensor to convert the grinding temperature change information into an electrical signal, and the protective layer is located on the outermost layer of the sensor and is in direct contact with the workpiece to be measured.

[0019] Further, the temperature-sensitive conductive layer includes a temperature-sensitive resistor and an electrode, the temperature-sensitive resistor is located on the flexible base layer, and the electrode is connected to a flexible wire as a signal output end;

[0020] The temperature-sensitive resistor is made by cutting a flexible thermosensitive film into a spiral structure, and the electrode is made by welding a conductive yarn to both ends of the flexible thermosensitive film with conductive silver paste.

[0021] Further, the degree-of-freedom limiting component includes an x-axis limiting component, a y-axis limiting component and a z-axis limiting component;

[0022] The x-axis limiting component includes a moving block arranged on the internal thread seat, a sliding block is fixed on the base of the moving block, a chute is arranged inside the internal thread seat, an adjusting threaded rod is arranged in the chute, one end of the adjusting threaded rod extends out of the internal thread seat and is connected to a handle, and the other end penetrates through the internal thread seat and is connected to the sliding block;

[0023] The y-axis limiting component includes an adjustable support pin and a limit screw, and the adjustable support pin and the limit screw are relatively arranged on both sides of the internal thread seat;

[0024] The z-axis limiting component includes a fixing member, the fixing member is arranged at the front end of the base, a fixing clamp plate is arranged on the side of the fixing block, a T-shaped chute is opened on the upper surface of the fixing member, a positioning screw and a longitudinal adjusting screw are sequentially slid into the T-shaped chute, and the positioning screw and the longitudinal adjusting screw are rotatably connected to a U-shaped pressing plate provided with a connecting U-shaped groove.

[0025] Further, the data processing module includes a Wheatstone three-wire compensation bridge and a microcontroller, one end of the Wheatstone three-wire compensation bridge is connected to the flexible grinding temperature sensor, and the other end is connected to the microcontroller. The microcontroller includes an analog-to-digital converter and a WiFi module, one end of the analog-to-digital converter is connected to the Wheatstone three-wire compensation bridge, and the other end is connected to the WiFi module.

[0026] Further, the data processing module further includes a temperature alarm module, which is configured to: determine whether the grinding heat temperature on the upper surface of the workpiece exceeds a set threshold value, and if so, issue an alarm signal.

[0027] Further, the temperature difference equation of each node of the internal grid of the workpiece constructed is as follows:

[0028]

[0029] In the formula, T(i,j + 1) is the temperature value of the node corresponding to the coordinate values of the i-th horizontal line and the (j + 1)-th vertical line of the difference grid, T(i,j - 1) is the temperature value of the node corresponding to the coordinate values of the i-th horizontal line and the (j - 1)-th vertical line of the difference grid, T(i,j) is the temperature value of the node corresponding to the coordinate values of the i-th horizontal line and the j-th vertical line of the difference grid, T(i + 1,j) is the temperature value of the node corresponding to the coordinate values of the (i + 1)-th horizontal line and the j-th vertical line of the difference grid, T(i - 1,j) is the temperature value of the node corresponding to the coordinate values of the (i - 1)-th horizontal line and the j-th vertical line of the difference grid, Δl is the spatial step of the difference grid, Ο(Δl 2 ) is the error term of Δl 2 and higher-order error terms, Ο(Δt) is the error term of Δt and higher-order error terms, T t+Δt (i,j) is the temperature value of the node corresponding to the coordinate values of the i-th horizontal line and the j-th vertical line of the difference grid after a small change amount Δt in time t, T t (i,j) is the temperature value of the node corresponding to the coordinate values of the i-th horizontal line and the j-th vertical line of the difference grid, and Δt is the small change amount of time.

[0030] To solve the above problems, the second aspect of the present invention provides a grinding heat measurement device considering the heat transfer characteristics of the workpiece, which can effectively measure the grinding heat without affecting the structure and processability of the workpiece, and at the same time ensure the accuracy and reliability of the signal.

[0031] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0032] For the grinding heat measurement device considering the heat transfer characteristics of the workpiece, when used for ultrasonic-assisted measurement, the degree-of-freedom limiting component includes a fixed column and a moving block. One side of the internal thread seat is provided with a fixed column, and the other side is provided with a moving block. A pressing plate is provided at the top of the fixed column, and a first V-shaped clamping plate is provided on the side. A second V-shaped clamping plate opposite to the first V-shaped clamping plate is provided on the side of the moving block. A sliding block is fixed at the bottom of the moving block, and a threaded rod is arranged inside the sliding block.

[0033] Further, a fixed bracket is provided on the base. The fixed bracket includes an integrated horizontal bracket and a tangential bracket. The horizontal bracket is fixed to the base, and a bracket cover is fixed to the top of the tangential bracket. A clamping groove is provided in the upper part of the tangential bracket, and a vibrator is fixed between the clamping groove and the bracket cover. Positive and negative electrode copper sheets are provided at the front end of the vibrator.

[0034] To solve the above problems, a third aspect of the present invention provides a grinding heat measuring machine tool for flexible sensors, which can effectively measure the grinding heat without affecting the structure and processability of the workpiece, and at the same time ensure the accuracy and reliability of the signal.

[0035] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0036] A grinding heat measuring machine tool for flexible sensors includes a machine tool bed body, on which a grinding machine workbench is installed, and the grinding machine workbench is fixed with the grinding heat measuring device for flexible sensors as described in the first aspect.

[0037] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0038] 1. The present invention designs and pastes a flexible thermal resistance sensor device on the fixture base at the bottom of the workpiece. The flexible thermal resistance sensor is composed of a wire-shaped sensing element wrapped by an insulating layer, which can be closely attached to the surface to be measured, making the installation convenient and not affecting the grinding structure. The heat is transmitted to the sensing element through the thin insulating layer, and the grinding temperature of the surface of the workpiece to be measured is calculated by using the inversion method. The grinding heat can be effectively measured without affecting the structure and processability of the workpiece, and at the same time, the accuracy and reliability of the signal are ensured, which is suitable for temperature measurement of various materials and in complex environments, and realizes more accurate temperature measurement.

[0039] 2. The flexible thermal resistance sensor of the present invention can better adapt to various workpiece surfaces and is not affected by environmental changes, which makes it more accurate and stable when measuring on complex or irregular workpiece surfaces. In addition, the cost of the flexible thermal resistance sensor is relatively low, easy to maintain and mass-produce, which further increases its practicality and economy in industrial applications.

[0040] 3. The present invention connects the acquisition device by using flexible wires and sets the flexible material of the conductive wires, which has good flexibility and light weight characteristics, is convenient for installation and bending applications. It improves the service life of the circuit and the safety factor of the acquisition system, and can also adjust the length and shape of the wires according to needs to adapt to different application scenarios, which further improves its flexibility and applicability.

[0041] 4. The present invention provides a grinding heat measurement fixture device for a flexible sensor, which transmits data wirelessly via WiFi, replacing traditional wired connections, avoiding the need for complex on-site wiring, thus reducing the environmental transformation cost and facilitating the work of data collectors.

[0042] Advantages of additional aspects of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, become apparent in part from the following description, or be learned through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] The accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments and descriptions thereof of the present invention are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the flexible measurement device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention in the fixture;

[0045] Figure 2 is a partial structural diagram of the x-axis limiting component of the flexible measurement device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention in the fixture;

[0046] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of six-point positioning of the workpiece in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 is a hierarchical structure diagram of the flexible thermal resistance sensor in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 is a main body structure diagram of the flexible sensor in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 is a structural diagram of grinding heat data acquisition in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of the flexible thermal resistance sensor in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 8 is a schematic circuit diagram of the power supply in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 9 is a temperature acquisition flowchart in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 10 is a WiFi data transmission flowchart in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of internal heat conduction of the workpiece in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 12It is a schematic structural diagram of the flexible measuring device in Embodiment 2 of the present invention for the ultrasonic-assisted fixture;

[0056] Figure 13 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the x-axis limiting component of the flexible measuring device in Embodiment 2 of the present invention for the ultrasonic-assisted fixture;

[0057] Figure 14 It is a schematic diagram of six-point positioning of the workpiece in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 15 It is a schematic structural diagram of the flexible measuring and grinding heat machine tool device in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 16 It is a flow chart of the grinding system in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0060] Among them, 101, the first base; 102, the second base; 201, the first internal thread seat; 202, the second internal thread seat; 301, the first moving block; 302, the second moving block; 4, the moving clamping plate; 501, the first sliding block; 502, the second sliding block; 601, the first pressing plate; 602, the second pressing plate; 701, the first adjusting screw rod; 702, the second adjusting screw rod; 8, the flexible grinding temperature sensor; 801, the flexible substrate layer; 802, the flexible base layer; 803, the temperature-sensitive conductive layer; 8301, the temperature-sensitive resistor; 8302, the electrode; 804, the insulating layer; 805, the protective layer; 901, the first fixing member; 902, the second fixing member; 10, the chute; 11, the adjustable supporting pin; 12, the limit screw; 13, the fixed clamping plate; 14, the T-shaped chute; 15, the positioning screw; 16, the longitudinal adjusting screw; 1701, the first hexagonal nut; 1702, the screw; 1703, the second hexagonal nut; 18, the workpiece; 19, the handle; 20, the flexible wire; 21, the flange nut; 22, the first V-shaped clamping plate; 23, the second V-shaped clamping plate; 24, the vibrator fixing bracket; 25, the bracket cover; 2601, the third screw; 2602, the fourth screw; 2603, the fifth screw; 27, the positive and negative electrode copper sheets; 28, the ultrasonic vibrator; 2801, the transducer; 2802, the amplitude transformer; 2803, the shoulder; 29, the rectangular opening groove; 30, the machine tool bed body; 31, the grinding machine workbench; 32, the column; 33, the control box; 34, the handwheel; 35, the joystick; 36, the grinding head; 37, the grinding wheel; 38, the electrical cabinet; 39, the display screen; 40, the chip removal table; 41, the wireless control module. Detailed implementation manners

[0061] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0062] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and aims to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention pertains.

[0063] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms are also intended to include the plural forms. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0064] In the present invention, terms such as "connected" and "joined" should be understood in a broad sense, which may mean a fixed connection, an integral connection or a detachable connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those related scientific research or technical personnel in the field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be determined according to specific circumstances, and should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0065] Aiming at the problem that traditional grinding heat measurement devices are prone to change the heat transfer dynamics inside the workpiece and affect the accuracy of measurement results, the present invention proposes a grinding heat measurement device considering the heat transfer characteristics of the workpiece, including a measurement fixture and a data processing module;

[0066] The measurement fixture includes a base, and a degree-of-freedom limiting component for restricting the movement of the workpiece in the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis directions is arranged on the base, and each degree-of-freedom limiting component cooperates to clamp the workpiece;

[0067] A flexible grinding temperature sensor is covered on the base in contact with the lower surface of the workpiece, a flexible wire is arranged on the flexible grinding temperature sensor, and the flexible wire is connected to a data acquisition and processing device; the flexible grinding temperature sensor is used to capture the temperature data of the lower surface of the workpiece;

[0068] The data processing module is configured to: receive the temperature data of the lower surface of the workpiece, and in combination with the parameters of the workpiece material to be detected and the temperature difference equations of each node of the internal grid of the workpiece constructed, inversely obtain the grinding heat temperature distribution on the upper surface of the workpiece.

[0069] The present invention effectively measures the grinding heat without affecting the structure and processability of the workpiece, calculates the grinding temperature on the surface of the workpiece to be measured by using the inversion method, is applicable to temperature measurement of various materials and in complex environments, avoids interference and damage to the surface of the workpiece, and can be used for measuring workpieces of different sizes and shapes at the same time.

[0070] Embodiment 1

[0071] See Figures 1 - 2 As shown in Figures 1 - 2 , Embodiment 1 provides a schematic structural diagram of a grinding heat measurement fixture considering the heat transfer characteristics of a workpiece, including a first base 101 fixed above a grinding machine workbench. A first internal threaded seat 201 is provided inside the first base 101, and a degree-of-freedom limiting component for restricting the movement of the workpiece in the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis directions is provided on the first base 101. The degree-of-freedom limiting component includes an x-axis limiting component, a y-axis limiting component, and a z-axis limiting component;

[0072] The x-axis limiting component includes a first moving block 301, a moving clamping plate 4, a first sliding block 501, a chute 10, a first adjusting screw rod 701, and a handle 19;

[0073] The first moving block 301 is arranged on the first internal threaded seat 201. The moving clamping plate 4 is fixed to the side of the first moving block 301. The first sliding block 501 is fixed to the bottom of the first moving block 301. A chute 10 is arranged inside the first internal threaded seat 201. The first adjusting screw rod 701 is arranged in the chute 10. One end of the first adjusting screw rod 701 extends out of the first base 101 and is connected to the handle 19, and the other end passes through the first internal threaded seat 201 and is connected to the first sliding block 501. Turning the handle 19 drives the first adjusting screw rod 701 to adjust the entire moving plate part of the fixture;

[0074] Specifically, the first moving block 301 and the first sliding block 501 are connected by a first hexagon nut 1701; the first moving block 301 and the moving clamping plate 4 are fixedly connected by a screw 1702, and the first adjusting screw rod 701 and the first sliding block 501 are connected by a second hexagon nut 1703.

[0075] The y-axis limiting component includes an adjustable support pin 11 and a limit screw 12, and the adjustable support pin 11 and the limit screw 12 are oppositely arranged on both sides of the first internal threaded seat 201;

[0076] Specifically, the workpiece 18 is placed on the first internal threaded seat 201. A dome adjustable support pin 11 is threadedly connected to the circumferential wall of one side of the first base 101, and a limit screw 12 is threadedly arranged on the circumferential wall of the opposite side. The clamping and positioning of the workpiece 18 in one direction are realized through the dome adjustable support pin 11 and the limit screw 12.

[0077] The z-axis limiting component includes a first fixing member 901, a fixed clamping plate 13, a T-shaped chute 14, a positioning screw 15, a longitudinal adjusting screw 16, and a first pressing plate 601;

[0078] The first fixing member 901 is fixed to one end of the first internal thread seat 201 away from the first adjusting screw rod 701. A fixing clamp plate 13 is provided on the first fixing member 901. A T-shaped sliding groove 14 is formed on the upper surface of the first fixing member 901. A positioning screw 15 and a longitudinal adjusting screw 16 are sequentially slid into the T-shaped sliding groove 14. One end of the first pressing plate 601 is provided with a threaded hole and a U-shaped groove, and is connected through the threaded hole and the positioning screw 15. The longitudinal adjusting screw 16 passes through the U-shaped groove and is connected to the flange nut 21. The longitudinal positioning of the workpiece 18 by the first pressing plate 601 is realized through the adjustability of the longitudinal adjusting screw 16 and the flange nut 21.

[0079] In this embodiment, the first pressing plate 601 is a U-shaped pressing plate.

[0080] The fixing clamp plate 13 is fixed to the first fixing member 901 by screws. The bottom end of the fixing clamp plate 13 contacts the first base 101. The side surface of the workpiece 18 contacts the fixing clamp plate 13. A moving clamp plate 4 is arranged on the right side of the workpiece 18 and above the first internal thread seat 201. The moving clamp plate 4 adjusts the surface that moves and contacts the workpiece 18 to realize positioning and clamping in another direction.

[0081] When the three dimensions of the length, width and height of the workpiece 18 change, the equipment can be adjusted by a limit screw 12, a moving clamp plate 4 and the first pressing plate 601 to meet the dimensional change requirements of the workpiece 18.

[0082] Figure 3 It is the six-point positioning principle of the workpiece. The internal thread seat of this fixture realizes the restriction of three degrees of freedom of the workpiece's movement along the z-axis direction, rotation around the x-axis and y-axis; the left fixing block part of the annular base realizes the restriction of two degrees of freedom of the workpiece's movement along the x-axis direction and rotation around the z-axis; the dome adjustable support screw threadedly connected to the side surface of the annular base realizes the restriction of one degree of freedom of the workpiece's movement along the y-axis direction. Then the above-mentioned altogether restricts 6 degrees of freedom to realize the complete positioning of the workpiece. For the x direction of the workpiece of this fixture, the movement and clamping of the moving clamp plate are used. For the y direction of the workpiece, the limit screw opposite to the dome adjustable support screw is used for clamping. For the z-axis direction of the workpiece, the U-shaped pressing plate above the annular base is used for adjusting and pressing.

[0083] Figure 4It is the layered structure of the flexible grinding temperature sensor 8. The flexible grinding temperature sensor 8 includes a flexible substrate layer 801, a flexible base layer 802, a temperature-sensitive conductive layer 803, an insulating layer 804, and a protective layer 805. The flexible base layer 802, the temperature-sensitive conductive layer 803, the insulating layer 804, and the protective layer 805 are adhesively bonded in sequence from bottom to top. The flexible substrate layer 801 is in contact with the internal thread seat 2. The temperature-sensitive conductive layer 803 and the flexible base layer 802 are bonded together to form the main body part of the flexible sensor. The main function of the insulating layer 804 is to prevent short circuits between electrodes or external interference. The protective layer 805 is located on the outermost layer of the sensor and is in direct contact with the workpiece to be measured, which is used to further protect the internal structure from physical damage and environmental factors, and has high durability and protection ability.

[0084] Among them, the flexible substrate layer 801, as the bottom layer of the sensor, provides mechanical support and protection to prevent damage to other layers. It needs to have good flexibility, chemical inertness, and stability to ensure stable performance within a certain temperature range and be able to slow down the stress concentration of the material, thereby improving the stretchability of the material.

[0085] The flexible base layer 802 is the core part of the sensor, usually composed of an elastomer material. It not only provides mechanical support but also allows the sensor to maintain its shape and function when subjected to external pressure or bending.

[0086] The temperature-sensitive conductive layer 803 is made of a conductive material and is used to sense the change in grinding temperature. When the temperature changes, the resistance of the conductive layer will change, thereby converting the temperature information into an electrical signal.

[0087] Each layer in the flexible sensor respectively undertakes key functions such as support, conduction, insulation, and protection, ensuring that the sensor can work stably and reliably in various application scenarios.

[0088] As Figure 5 shown, the temperature-sensitive conductive layer 803 includes a temperature-sensitive resistor 8301 and an electrode 8302. The flexible thermosensitive film is cut into a spiral structure to make the temperature-sensitive resistor 8301 and assembled on the flexible base layer 802, and the conductive yarn is welded to both ends of the flexible thermosensitive film with conductive silver paste to form the electrode 8302, which serves as the signal output end.

[0089] The flexible grinding temperature sensor 8 is attached to the first internal thread seat 201. After being connected to the flexible wire 20, the flexible grinding temperature sensor 8 is connected to the wireless control module to realize signal acquisition, processing, and data transmission. The flexible grinding temperature sensor 8 is used to detect the temperature of the lower surface of the measured workpiece.

[0090] As Figure 6As shown, the grinding heat data processing device includes a wireless sensor module and a data processing module; the wireless control module is connected to the data processing module, and the data processing module is configured to: receive the temperature of the lower surface of the workpiece to be detected, combine the parameters of the material of the workpiece to be detected, and the temperature difference equation of each node of the internal grid of the workpiece constructed, iterate to the upper surface of the workpiece, and calculate the final grinding heat temperature of the upper surface of the workpiece.

[0091] The wireless sensor module includes a flexible temperature sensor, a Wheatstone three-wire compensation bridge, a microcontroller MCU, and a power supply module;

[0092] One end of the Wheatstone three-wire compensation bridge is connected to the flexible temperature sensor, and the other end is connected to the microcontroller MCU. The flexible temperature sensor is used to capture temperature data in real time. After the signal quality is enhanced by the Wheatstone three-wire compensation bridge, it is transmitted to the microcontroller MCU. The microcontroller MCU includes an analog-to-digital converter ADC and a WiFi module. The analog-to-digital converter ADC converts the analog signal into a digital signal. After the microcontroller MCU processes the digital signal converted by the analog-to-digital converter ADC, the processed data is wirelessly transmitted to the PC through the embedded WiFi module;

[0093] The configuration of the WiFi module is through the AT command of the microcontroller, connected to a specific server IP address and set the information transmission frequency, and wait for data to be sent;

[0094] The PC includes an alarm module, which can set alarm notifications and immediately remind the user when the temperature exceeds the preset threshold. The temperature numerical data can be further processed on the PC, such as parsed, displayed, or drawn into an image and displayed on the display screen of the PC for convenient grinding temperature detection; the power supply module includes a battery for powering the wireless sensor module.

[0095] As Figure 7 shown, the Wheatstone three-wire compensation bridge adopts a three-wire connection method. The electrode 8302 in the flexible temperature sensor is connected to both ends of V0 of the three-wire connection method. Through the principle of bridge balance, the influence of the connecting wire resistance is eliminated, and the measurement error caused by the connecting wire resistance is compensated. The thermal resistance R1, the fixed resistors R4, R5, and R6 form a bridge to measure the main circuit of the sensor. The wire resistance R3 is added to the thermal resistance R1. The wire resistance R2 changes with temperature. The same compensation resistor R7 is introduced on the adjacent bridge arms to offset the influence of the wire resistances R2 and R3. This circuit forms a bridge circuit through three resistance elements (including the thermal resistance) to measure the voltage difference across the thermal resistance, thereby calculating the temperature value. The three-wire bridge can eliminate and reduce the influence of the lead resistance and improve the measurement accuracy.

[0096] As Figure 8The following is the schematic diagram of the power supply circuit. Since the power supply voltage of the flexible thermal resistance sensor circuit is 5V while the power supply voltage of the microcontroller MCU is 3.3V, it is necessary to convert the 5V voltage into 3.3V. Figure 7 The circuit Figure 7 is to convert 5V into 3.3V. It mainly connects the low-dropout linear voltage regulator REG1117-3.3. Its main function is to convert the input voltage into a stable 3.3V output voltage. Secondly, it has functions such as anti-static protection, thermal protection, and over-current protection. Capacitors C7, C8, C9, and C10 are used for ripple filtering to remove interference.

[0097] As Figure 9 shown, the temperature acquisition flowchart shows the implementation of the on-line temperature measurement system. It mainly realizes the conversion of the analog signal of the flexible thermal resistance sensor into a digital signal. After being processed by the microcontroller MCU, it is transmitted to the PC side for display and storage. After the test system starts, the sampling times are set to 15 times. First, initialize the A / D, start the timer, and the sensor sends the data to the microcontroller at regular intervals after A / D conversion. Arrange the collected results in order of magnitude and take the average value of the middle 10 results. After data processing by the microcontroller, it is packaged and sent to the PC side.

[0098] As Figure 10 shown, the WiFi data transmission process. The WiFi wireless transmission module is embedded in the microcontroller MCU module. The transmission process starts with initializing the MCU and the WiFi module: include the "wifi.h" file in the MCU and call the wifi_protocol_init() function to initialize the WiFi module. Set the working mode of the WiFi module, such as SMART_CONFIG or AP_CONFIG, through the mcu_set_wifi_mode function. Establish a WiFi connection: The MCU communicates with the WiFi module through the serial port, sends AT commands to configure the WiFi module to connect to the specified WiFi network. After the WiFi module successfully connects, it enters the STA mode and accesses the local area network. Data transmission: The MCU reads the data of the flexible temperature sensor and sends the data to the WiFi module through the UART. The WiFi module sends the data to the PC side through the TCP / IP protocol. PC side receives data: Write a receiving program on the PC side, use the socket network programming of the TCP / IP protocol to bind the port, and wait for the connection of the WiFi module. When the WiFi module connects, open a thread for each device to process the data and update the database or display the data in real time. Display data: The PC side processes and displays the received data.

[0099] As Figure 11The figure shows a schematic diagram of the internal heat conduction of the workpiece. By measuring the temperature of the lower surface of the workpiece, the temperature of the upper surface is inversely calculated. Given the temperature data of the lower surface, combined with the boundary conditions and the internal heat conduction characteristics, the temperature of the upper surface is inversely deduced.

[0100] Based on Fourier's law of heat conduction and the first law of thermodynamics, a heat balance differential equation satisfied by the variable T(x, y, z) of the two-dimensional transient temperature field without internal heat sources is established:

[0101]

[0102] In the formula, λ x and λ y are the thermal conductivities of the material in the x and y directions, T is the temperature, c is the specific heat capacity, and ρ is the density;

[0103] The workpiece is assumed to be a rectangular plane and discretized into a plane grid structure. The equal-length spatial step Δx = Δy = Δl is taken, and two sets of equally spaced parallel lines are made to divide the rectangular workpiece. x i , y j are the coordinate values of the i-th horizontal line and the j-th vertical line that make up the difference grid in the x and y directions respectively.

[0104] Based on the second-order difference quotient, a difference equation system is established:

[0105]

[0106] Substituting the difference equation system into the two-dimensional heat conduction equation, the temperature difference equation of each node in the internal grid of the workpiece can be obtained as:

[0107]

[0108] In the formula, T(i, j + 1) is the temperature value of the node corresponding to the coordinate values of the i-th horizontal line and the (j + 1)-th vertical line of the difference grid, T(i, j - 1) is the temperature value of the node corresponding to the coordinate values of the i-th horizontal line and the (j - 1)-th vertical line of the difference grid, T(i, j) is the temperature value of the node corresponding to the coordinate values of the i-th horizontal line and the j-th vertical line of the difference grid, T(i + 1, j) is the temperature value of the node corresponding to the coordinate values of the (i + 1)-th horizontal line and the j-th vertical line of the difference grid, T(i - 1, j) is the temperature value of the node corresponding to the coordinate values of the (i - 1)-th horizontal line and the j-th vertical line of the difference grid, Δl is the spatial step of the difference grid, Ο(Δl 2 ) is the error term of Δl 2 and higher-order terms, Ο(Δt) is the error term of Δt and higher-order terms, T t+Δt (i, j) is the temperature value of the node corresponding to the coordinate values of the i-th horizontal line and the j-th vertical line of the difference grid after a small change Δt in time t, T t(i,j) is the temperature value of the node corresponding to the coordinate values of the i-th horizontal line and the j-th vertical line of the differential grid, and Δt is the small change in time.

[0109] The temperature data T0 collected by the flexible sensor at the bottom of the workpiece is used as the initial data, and the known parameters such as the thermal conductivity λ, specific heat capacity c, and density ρ of the material are substituted into the temperature difference equation of each node in the internal grid of the workpiece, and iterated step by step using computer software to the upper surface of the workpiece to obtain the final grinding heat temperature T(m,n) of the workpiece surface.

[0110] Embodiment 2

[0111] As Figure 12 shown, Embodiment 2 provides a flexible measuring device for an ultrasonic-assisted fixture, which mainly retains the grinding heat acquisition module, information processing and transmission module, communication module, and power management module on the basis of Embodiment 1. Among them, the specific functions of the grinding heat acquisition module, communication module, and power management module, as well as the positioning of the six degrees of freedom of the workpiece, are similar to those in Embodiment 1 and will not be elaborated here. Different from Embodiment 1, the flexible sensor measuring device is implemented in another grinding fixture structure.

[0112] See Figures 12 - 13 , the structural schematic diagram of the flexible measuring device in the ultrasonic-assisted fixture.

[0113] The device structure includes a second base 102, a second internal thread seat 202 is fixed on the second base 102, a second fixing member 902 is arranged on one side of the second internal thread seat 202, a second moving block 302 is arranged on the other side, a second sliding block 502 is fixed at the bottom of the second moving block 302, the second moving block 302 and the second sliding block 502 are connected by a fifth screw 2603, a second pressing plate 602 is arranged at the top of the second fixing member 902, a first V-shaped clamping plate 22 is arranged on the side, a second V-shaped clamping plate 23 opposite to the first V-shaped clamping plate 22 is arranged on the side of the second moving block 302, a second adjusting screw rod 702 is arranged inside the second sliding block 502, and a workpiece 18 is placed on the second internal thread seat 202;

[0114] In this embodiment, the second sliding block 502 and the second moving block 302 are preferably fixed by hexagon screws.

[0115] In this embodiment, the second adjusting screw rod 702 adopts a square head adjusting screw rod, and the second moving block 302 on the second sliding block 502 is driven by the square head on the left side of the second adjusting screw rod 702 to clamp the workpiece 18.

[0116] A vibrator fixing bracket 24 is provided on the second base 102. The vibrator fixing bracket 24 includes an integrated horizontal bracket and a tangential bracket. The horizontal bracket is fixed to the second base 102, and the top of the tangential bracket is fixed with a bracket cover 25. A clamping groove is provided on the upper part of the tangential bracket, and the ultrasonic vibrator 28 is fixed between the clamping groove and the bracket cover 25.

[0117] In this embodiment, the horizontal bracket and the second base 102 are fixed by a third screw 2601, and the tangential bracket and the bracket cover 25 are fixed by a fourth screw 2602, preferably a hexagon screw.

[0118] The ultrasonic vibrator 28 is fixed on the vibrator fixing bracket 24, and positive and negative electrode copper sheets 27 are provided at the front end of the ultrasonic vibrator 28.

[0119] Further, the ultrasonic vibrator 28 includes a transducer 2801, a horn 2802, and a shoulder 2803. The shoulder 2803 is fixed in the clamping groove. One end of the shoulder 2803 is connected to the transducer 2801, and the other end is connected to the horn 2802. Positive and negative electrode copper sheets 27 are provided at the front end of the transducer 2801.

[0120] The external ultrasonic generator device provides an ultrasonic frequency electrical signal for the transducer 2801, and the ultrasonic frequency electrical signal is transmitted to the positive and negative electrode copper sheets 27 through positive and negative lead wires. The transducer 2801 drives the rectangular-shaped fixture to resonate, and the workpiece is fixed at the end of the fixture to achieve tangential ultrasonic vibration.

[0121] The main function of the transducer 2801 of the tangential ultrasonic device is to convert high-frequency electrical energy into mechanical vibration. Through the connecting plate-shaped structure platform at the front end of the transducer, multi-frequency resonance is achieved, so as to generate tangential vibration during the processing process and assist the grinding process. It is an important part of the ultrasonic processing technology.

[0122] The main function of the horn 2802 in the tangential ultrasonic device is to amplify or reduce the amplitude. The horn 2802 fixes the entire ultrasonic vibration system and serves as a mechanical impedance converter to perform impedance matching between the transducer and the acoustic load, so that the ultrasonic energy can be transmitted more effectively.

[0123] A flexible grinding temperature sensor 8 is attached to the second internal thread seat 202. After the flexible grinding temperature sensor 8 is connected to the flexible wire 20, it is connected to the wireless control module to realize signal acquisition, processing, and data transmission.

[0124] Further, the first V-shaped clamping plate 22 and the second V-shaped clamping plate 23 are provided with rectangular opening grooves 29 to prevent the workpiece from being damaged. The second pressing plate 602 above the rectangular opening groove 29 restricts the longitudinal movement of the workpiece.

[0125] Figure 14 This is the six-point location principle of the workpiece. The V-shaped fixed clamping plate restricts three degrees of freedom of the workpiece, namely, the movement in the x-axis direction, the movement in the y-axis direction, and the rotation around the z-axis. The internal thread seat restricts three degrees of freedom of the workpiece, namely, the movement along the z-axis direction, the rotation around the x-axis direction, and the rotation around the y-axis direction. Thus, a total of six degrees of freedom are restricted, achieving the complete location of the workpiece. The workpiece in the x-axis and y-axis directions of the fixture is clamped by the movement of the V-shaped movable clamping plate, and the workpiece is pressed by the longitudinal pressing plate in the z-direction.

[0126] Embodiment 3

[0127] See Figure 15 , Embodiment 3 provides the measurement of grinding heat considering the heat transfer characteristics of the workpiece. Figure 15 It is a flexible grinding heat measurement machine tool device, including a machine tool bed 30 and a grinding heat measurement fixture. A grinding machine workbench 31 is installed on the machine tool bed 30, and the grinding heat measurement fixture considering the heat transfer characteristics of the workpiece in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 is fixed on the grinding machine workbench 31;

[0128] Furthermore, a column 32, a control box 33, a handwheel 34, and a joystick 35 are arranged on the machine tool bed 30. A guide rail 321 is arranged inside the column 32, and a grinding head 36 is fixed on the guide rail. A grinding wheel 37 is installed on the grinding head 36. A lead screw-nut transmission mechanism is arranged inside the control box 33, and a lifting lead screw is arranged inside the column 32. The lead screw-nut transmission mechanism is connected to the lifting lead screw. By driving the lead screw-nut transmission mechanism and the lifting lead screw with the handwheel 34, the grinding head 36 is driven to slide longitudinally up and down along the column guide rail 321, so that the grinding wheel 37 grinds the workpiece 18;

[0129] A lead screw connecting piece is arranged on the grinding machine workbench 31, and the joystick 35 is connected to the lead screw, realizing the horizontal reciprocating movement of the grinding machine workbench 31 in the transverse direction.

[0130] Furthermore, an electrical cabinet 38, a display screen 39, and a chip removal table 40 are also arranged on the machine tool bed 30;

[0131] Among them, the electrical cabinet 38 is used to provide power and electrical control for the entire surface grinder, and all grinding processes and grinding parameters are displayed on the display screen 39; the chip removal table 40 is used to timely discharge the metal chips and grinding fluid generated during the grinding process on the grinding machine workbench 31 to keep the working environment clean and safe. As Figure 16 shown, the following is a detailed description of the steps of the grinding system process:

[0132] Start the grinding machine tool: Turn on the power of the machine tool and prepare for grinding operation.

[0133] Initialize the temperature sensor monitoring system: Ensure that the sensor works normally and is connected to the data acquisition system.

[0134] Set the temperature alarm threshold: Set a reasonable temperature alarm threshold according to the workpiece material, grinding process requirements, etc.

[0135] Turn on the cooling system: Provide necessary cooling to prevent the temperature from being too high during grinding.

[0136] Install the workpiece and grinding tool: Fix the workpiece on the machine tool workbench and install an appropriate grinding tool.

[0137] Start the grinding process: Start the grinding operation to process the workpiece.

[0138] The temperature sensor monitors the grinding temperature in real time: The sensor continuously monitors the temperature of the grinding area and transmits the data to the monitoring system.

[0139] When the temperature does not exceed the threshold, continue the grinding process. The wireless sensing module realizes the data transmission. The data processing module processes the transmitted data, and the real-time data is displayed and recorded on the display screen: The monitoring system displays the real-time temperature data and records it for subsequent analysis. When the temperature exceeds the threshold, trigger the temperature alarm: If the monitored temperature exceeds the set threshold, the system will automatically trigger an alarm. Stop the grinding process: After the alarm is triggered, immediately stop the grinding operation to prevent damage to the workpiece or the machine tool. Alarm prompt: Remind the operator of the abnormal temperature through sound and light alarms, etc.

[0140] Check and determine the cause of the problem: Check the machine tool, workpiece, grinding tool, and cooling system to find out the cause of the abnormal temperature.

[0141] Take necessary measures: According to the inspection results, adjust the cooling system, replace the grinding tool, or perform other necessary repairs.

[0142] Confirm that the problem is solved: Ensure that the measures taken are effective and the problem has been solved. Restart the grinding process or end: If the problem has been solved, the grinding process can be restarted; if the problem cannot be solved immediately, end the process.

[0143] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grinding heat measurement device considering the heat transfer characteristics of a workpiece, characterized in that, It includes a measurement fixture and a data processing module; The measurement fixture includes a base, and a degree-of-freedom limiting component for restricting the movement of the workpiece in the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis directions is arranged on the base, and each degree-of-freedom limiting component cooperates to clamp the workpiece; An internal threaded seat is arranged inside the base, a flexible grinding temperature sensor is covered on the internal threaded seat in contact with the lower surface of the workpiece, a flexible wire is arranged on the flexible grinding temperature sensor, and the flexible wire is connected to a data acquisition and processing device; the flexible grinding temperature sensor is used to capture the temperature data of the lower surface of the workpiece; The data processing module is configured to: receive the temperature data of the lower surface of the workpiece, and inversely obtain the grinding heat temperature distribution on the upper surface of the workpiece by combining the parameters of the workpiece material to be detected and the temperature difference equation of each node of the internal grid of the workpiece constructed.

2. The grinding heat measurement device considering the workpiece heat transfer characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible grinding temperature sensor includes a flexible substrate layer, a flexible base layer, a temperature-sensitive conductive layer, an insulating layer, and a protective layer, and the flexible substrate layer, the flexible base layer, the temperature-sensitive conductive layer, the insulating layer, and the protective layer are adhesively bonded in sequence from bottom to top; the flexible substrate layer is in contact with the base, and the temperature-sensitive conductive layer and the flexible base layer are adhesively bonded as the main body part of the sensor to convert the grinding temperature change information into an electrical signal, and the protective layer is located on the outermost layer of the sensor and is in direct contact with the workpiece to be measured.

3. The grinding heat measurement device considering the workpiece heat transfer characteristics according to claim 2, characterized in that The temperature-sensitive conductive layer includes a temperature-sensitive resistor and an electrode, the temperature-sensitive resistor is located on the flexible base layer, and the electrode is connected to the flexible wire as a signal output end; The temperature-sensitive resistor is made by cutting a flexible thermosensitive film into a spiral structure, and the electrode is made by welding conductive yarns at both ends of the flexible thermosensitive film with conductive silver paste.

4. The grinding heat measurement device considering the workpiece heat transfer characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that The degree-of-freedom limiting component includes an x-axis limiting component, a y-axis limiting component, and a z-axis limiting component; The x-axis limiting component includes a moving block arranged on the internal threaded seat, a sliding block is fixed on the base of the moving block, a chute is arranged inside the internal threaded seat, an adjusting threaded rod is arranged in the chute, one end of the adjusting threaded rod extends out of the internal threaded seat and is connected to a handle, and the other end penetrates through the internal threaded seat and is connected to the sliding block; The y-axis limiting component includes an adjustable supporting pin and a limit screw, and the adjustable supporting pin and the limit screw are oppositely arranged on both sides of the internal threaded seat; The z-axis limiting component includes a fixing member arranged at the front end of the base, a fixing clamp is arranged on the side of the fixing block, a T-shaped chute is opened on the upper surface of the fixing member, a positioning screw and a longitudinal adjusting screw are sequentially slid into the T-shaped chute, and the positioning screw and the longitudinal adjusting screw are rotatably connected to a U-shaped pressing plate provided with a connecting U-shaped groove.

5. The grinding heat measurement device considering the workpiece heat transfer characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that The data processing module includes a Wheatstone three-wire compensation bridge and a microcontroller, one end of the Wheatstone three-wire compensation bridge is connected to the flexible grinding temperature sensor, and the other end is connected to the microcontroller. The microcontroller includes an analog-to-digital converter and a WiFi module. One end of the analog-to-digital converter is connected to the Wheatstone three-wire compensation bridge, and the other end is connected to the WiFi module.

6. The grinding heat measurement device considering the heat transfer characteristics of the workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data processing module further includes a temperature alarm module, and the temperature alarm module is configured to: judge whether the grinding heat temperature on the upper surface of the workpiece exceeds the set threshold, and if so, send an alarm signal.

7. The grinding heat measurement device considering the heat transfer characteristics of the workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature difference equation of each node of the internal grid of the workpiece constructed is: Where, T(i,j + 1) is the temperature value of the node corresponding to the coordinate values of the i-th horizontal line and the (j + 1)-th vertical line of the differential grid, T(i,j - 1) is the temperature value of the node corresponding to the coordinate values of the i-th horizontal line and the (j - 1)-th vertical line of the differential grid, T(i,j) is the temperature value of the node corresponding to the coordinate values of the i-th horizontal line and the j-th vertical line of the differential grid, T(i + 1,j) is the temperature value of the node corresponding to the coordinate values of the (i + 1)-th horizontal line and the j-th vertical line of the differential grid, T(i - 1,j) is the temperature value of the node corresponding to the coordinate values of the (i - 1)-th horizontal line and the j-th vertical line of the differential grid, Δl is the spatial step of the differential grid, Ο(Δl 2 ) is the error term of Δl 2 and higher-order terms, Ο(Δt) is the error term of Δt and higher-order terms, T t+Δt (i,j) is the temperature value of the node corresponding to the coordinate values of the i-th horizontal line and the j-th vertical line of the differential grid after a small change Δt in time t, T t (i,j) is the temperature value of the node corresponding to the coordinate values of the i-th horizontal line and the j-th vertical line of the differential grid, and Δt is the small change in time.

8. The grinding heat measurement device considering the heat transfer characteristics of the workpiece according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, When used for ultrasonic-assisted measurement, the degree-of-freedom limiting component includes a fixed column and a moving block. The fixed column is arranged on one side of the internally threaded seat, and the moving block is arranged on the other side. A pressing plate is arranged at the top of the fixed column, and a first V-shaped clamping plate is arranged on the side. A second V-shaped clamping plate opposite to the first V-shaped clamping plate is arranged on the side of the moving block. A sliding block is fixed at the bottom of the moving block, and a threaded rod is arranged inside the sliding block.

9. The grinding heat measurement device considering the workpiece heat transfer characteristics according to any one of claims 8, characterized in that A fixed bracket is fixed on the base. The fixed bracket includes an integrated horizontal bracket and a tangential bracket. The horizontal bracket is fixed to the base, and a bracket cover is fixed at the top of the tangential bracket. A clamping groove is arranged in the upper part of the tangential bracket, and a vibrator is fixed between the clamping groove and the bracket cover. Positive and negative electrode copper sheets are arranged at the front end of the vibrator.

10. A flexible sensor grinding heat measurement machine tool, characterized in that, It includes a machine tool bed body, on which a grinding machine workbench is installed, and a grinding heat measurement device considering the workpiece heat transfer characteristics as described in any one of claims 1-7 or 8-9 is fixed on the grinding machine workbench.

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