Control method of thermal management system and vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a control method of a thermal management system and a vehicle, and relates to the field of waste heat recovery of fuel cell vehicles, and the method comprises the following steps: responding to the heating requirement of a whole vehicle end, and obtaining the water outlet temperature of a fuel cell engine; the whole vehicle end heating requirements comprise an air conditioner heating request, a battery system request and a heat storage device request; if the outlet water temperature is larger than or equal to the first temperature threshold value, the inlet water temperature of the fuel cell engine is obtained, and the inlet and outlet water change rate is determined according to the outlet water temperature and the inlet water temperature; adjusting the proportional valve opening based on the water inlet and outlet change rate; based on an air conditioner heating request, a battery system request or a heat storage device request, a first water pump in a battery loop, a second water pump in a heat storage device loop or a third water pump in an air conditioner loop is controlled to be started, the working mode of an eight-way valve is adjusted, and therefore multiple fuel cell engine waste heat heating modes are achieved. According to the scheme, intelligent heat distribution is achieved, and energy consumption of the whole vehicle is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of waste heat recovery of fuel cell vehicles, and particularly to a control method for a thermal management system and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of fuel cell commercial vehicles, a large amount of waste heat is generated. In the prior art, mainly through a C2C heat exchanger, a small part of the waste heat is used to heat the cab, reducing the energy consumption of the PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient, positive temperature coefficient water heater) in the cab under low temperature conditions. However, when the fuel cell engine of a commercial vehicle outputs at rated power, the waste heat generated is in the order of hundreds of kilowatts. In practice, the heating demand of the cab is only a few kilowatts. After the cab utilizes the waste heat, a large amount of waste heat is still directly discharged, and the large amount of waste heat generated is not fully utilized, with too low utilization rate. In addition, the working conditions considered in the prior art are all fixed working conditions, while fuel cell commercial vehicles will face various working conditions in actual operation, such as high-speed cruising, low-speed climbing, idling, etc. There are significant differences in the heat generation power and heat distribution of the fuel cell system under different working conditions, and the heating effect and waste heat utilization effect of the cab show fluctuations. The prior art does not plan corresponding waste heat utilization schemes for complex and changeable actual operation scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to at least solve the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, in the first aspect of the present invention, a control method for a thermal management system is proposed. The thermal management system includes: a fuel cell engine, a heat exchanger, a proportional valve, an eight-way valve, an air-conditioning circuit, a battery circuit, a heat storage device circuit, and a temperature sensor for measuring the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the fuel cell engine; the fuel cell engine is connected in series with the proportional valve and the high-temperature side of the heat exchanger; the low-temperature side of the heat exchanger is connected to the first port and the second port of the eight-way valve; the third port of the eight-way valve is sequentially connected to the air-conditioning circuit and the fourth port of the eight-way valve; the eighth port of the eight-way valve is sequentially connected to the battery circuit and the seventh port of the eight-way valve; the sixth port of the eight-way valve is sequentially connected to the heat storage device circuit and the fifth port of the eight-way valve; the method includes:

[0004] In response to the heating demand at the vehicle end, obtain the outlet water temperature of the fuel cell engine; the heating demand at the vehicle end includes an air-conditioning heating request, a battery system request, and a heat storage device request;

[0005] If the outlet water temperature is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold, obtain the inlet water temperature of the fuel cell engine, and determine the inlet and outlet water change rate according to the outlet water temperature and the inlet water temperature;

[0006] Adjust the proportional valve opening based on the inlet and outlet water change rate;

[0007] Based on the air conditioner heating request, the battery system request, or the heat storage device request, control the first water pump in the battery circuit, the second water pump in the heat storage device circuit, or the third water pump in the air conditioner circuit to start, and adjust the working mode of the eight-way valve to implement multiple fuel cell engine waste heat heating modes; the multiple fuel cell engine waste heat heating modes are to use the waste heat of the fuel cell engine to heat at least one of the air conditioner system, the battery system, and the heat storage device.

[0008] Optionally, it further includes: if the outlet water temperature is less than the first temperature threshold, judge the temperature of the heat storage device; if the temperature of the heat storage device is greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold, based on the air conditioner heating request or the battery system request, control the first water pump, the second water pump, or the third water pump to start, and adjust the working mode of the eight-way valve to implement multiple heat storage device heating modes; the multiple heat storage device heating modes are to use the heat stored in the heat storage device to heat at least one of the air conditioner system and the battery system.

[0009] Optionally, the multiple fuel cell engine waste heat heating modes include a first heating mode, and the first heating mode is to use the waste heat of the fuel cell engine to heat the air conditioner system. The first heating mode includes:

[0010] According to the first target temperature of the air conditioner heating request, determine the first temperature difference between the current air conditioner outlet temperature and the first target temperature, so as to adjust the opening of the proportional valve and the rotation speed of the third water pump.

[0011] Optionally, the multiple fuel cell engine waste heat heating modes further include a second heating mode, and the second heating mode is to use the waste heat of the fuel cell engine to heat the battery system. The second heating mode includes:

[0012] According to the second target temperature of the battery system request and the currently obtained outlet water temperature of the first PTC in the battery circuit, determine the second temperature difference, so as to adjust the opening of the proportional valve and the rotation speed of the first water pump.

[0013] Optionally, the multiple fuel cell engine waste heat heating modes further include a third heating mode, and the third heating mode is to use the waste heat of the fuel cell engine to heat the heat storage device. The third heating mode includes:

[0014] According to the third target temperature of the heat storage device request and the current temperature of the heat storage device, determine the third temperature difference, so as to adjust the opening of the proportional valve and the rotation speed of the second water pump.

[0015] Optionally, the multiple waste heat heating modes of the fuel cell engine further include a fourth heating mode, which is to use the waste heat of the fuel cell engine to heat the air conditioning system and the battery system; the fourth heating mode includes:

[0016] The coolant flows from the low-temperature side water outlet of the heat exchanger to the first port of the octavalve, flows out from the third port of the octavalve, enters the air conditioning circuit, flows to the fourth port of the octavalve, flows out from the eighth port of the octavalve, and enters the battery circuit, then flows to the seventh port of the octavalve, and then flows out from the second port of the octavalve and enters the low-temperature side water inlet of the heat exchanger to form a cycle.

[0017] Optionally, the multiple waste heat heating modes of the fuel cell engine further include a fifth heating mode, which is to use the waste heat of the fuel cell engine to heat the air conditioning system and the heat storage device; in the fifth heating mode, the coolant flows out from the low-temperature side water outlet of the heat exchanger, passes through the octavalve and first enters the air conditioning circuit, then passes through the octavalve and enters the heat storage device, and then returns to the low-temperature side water inlet of the heat exchanger through the octavalve to form a cycle;

[0018] The multiple waste heat heating modes of the fuel cell engine further include a sixth heating mode, which is to use the waste heat of the fuel cell engine to heat the battery system and the heat storage device; in the sixth heating mode, the coolant flows out from the low-temperature side water outlet of the heat exchanger, passes through the octavalve and first enters the battery circuit, then passes through the octavalve and enters the heat storage device, and then returns to the low-temperature side water inlet of the heat exchanger through the octavalve to form a cycle.

[0019] Optionally, the multiple waste heat heating modes of the fuel cell engine further include a seventh heating mode, which is to use the waste heat of the fuel cell engine to heat the air conditioning system, the battery system and the heat storage device; in the seventh heating mode, the coolant flows out from the low-temperature side water outlet of the heat exchanger and enters the first port of the octavalve, flows out from the third port of the octavalve, first enters the air conditioning circuit, enters the valve from the fourth port of the octavalve, then flows out from the eighth port of the octavalve, enters the battery circuit, then enters the valve from the seventh port of the octavalve, flows out from the sixth port of the octavalve, enters the heat storage device circuit, enters the valve through the fifth port of the octavalve, flows out from the second port of the octavalve, and enters the low-temperature side water inlet of the heat exchanger to form a cycle.

[0020] Optionally, the multiple heat storage device heating modes include an eighth heating mode, in which the heat stored in the heat storage device is used to heat the air conditioning system and the battery system; in the eighth heating mode, the high-temperature coolant flows from the water outlet of the heat storage device to the fifth port of the eight-way valve, enters the valve, flows out from the third port of the eight-way valve, enters the air conditioning circuit, enters the valve from the fourth port of the eight-way valve, enters the battery circuit from the eighth port of the eight-way valve, then enters the valve from the seventh port of the eight-way valve, flows out from the sixth port of the eight-way valve, and enters the water inlet of the heat storage device to form a cycle.

[0021] Optionally, the multiple heat storage device heating modes further include a ninth heating mode, in which the heat stored in the heat storage device is used to heat the air conditioning system; in the ninth heating mode, the high-temperature coolant flows out from the water outlet of the heat storage device, enters the air conditioning circuit after passing through the eight-way valve, and then enters the water inlet of the heat storage device after passing through the eight-way valve to form a cycle;

[0022] The multiple heat storage device heating modes further include a tenth heating mode, in which the heat stored in the heat storage device is used to heat the battery system; in the tenth heating mode, the high-temperature coolant flows out from the water outlet of the heat storage device, enters the battery circuit after passing through the eight-way valve, and then enters the water inlet of the heat storage device after passing through the eight-way valve to form a cycle.

[0023] A second aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle, including a controller, and the controller executes the control method of the thermal management system proposed in the first aspect.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the control method of the thermal management system and the vehicle of the present invention are as follows: in response to the heating demand at the vehicle end, the heating mode to be adopted is determined according to the outlet water temperature of the fuel cell engine and the temperature of the heat storage device under the actual operating conditions, the opening and closing of the corresponding water pump and the working mode of the eight-way valve are controlled, so as to realize hierarchical utilization of heat. Through real-time monitoring, the dynamic adjustment of the waste heat recovery strategy is realized, the overall efficiency of the thermal management system is optimized, and the efficient utilization of heat under different working conditions is ensured; in addition, the present invention can transfer the heat of the heat storage device to the vehicle demand end when the fuel cell generator is idling or operating at low power, reduce the volatility of waste heat recovery caused by operating conditions, provide a stable heat output when the waste heat supply fluctuates, realize intelligent heat distribution, and reduce the vehicle energy consumption. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a control method of a thermal management system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2It is a schematic structural diagram of the thermal management system in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Among them, 1 - fuel cell engine, 2 - heat exchanger, 3 - proportional valve, 4 - octavalve, 41 - first port, 42 - second port, 43 - third port, 44 - fourth port, 45 - fifth port, 46 - sixth port, 47 - seventh port, 48 - eighth port, 5 - temperature sensor, 6 - first water pump, 7 - second water pump, 8 - third water pump, 9 - first PTC, 10 - cooler, 11 - power battery, 12 - heat storage device, 13 - second PTC, 14 - heater, 15 - evaporator, 16 - blower, 17 - compressor, 18 - condenser, 19 - fuel cell radiator, 20 - electronic fan, 21 - first electronic expansion valve, 22 - second electronic expansion valve, 23 - fuel cell engine water pump, 24 - cab air conditioner. Specific embodiments

[0028] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more. Additionally, the use of "based on" or "in accordance with" is meant to be open and inclusive, as a process, step, calculation, or other action "based on" or "in accordance with" one or more of the stated conditions or values may in practice be based on additional conditions or values beyond those stated.

[0030] The embodiment of the present invention provides a control method for a thermal management system, as Figure 1 shown, referring to Figure 2, the thermal management system includes: a fuel cell engine 1, a heat exchanger 2, a proportional valve 3, an eight-way valve 4, an air-conditioning circuit, a battery circuit, a heat storage device circuit, and a temperature sensor 5 for measuring the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the fuel cell engine; the fuel cell engine 1 is connected in series with the proportional valve 3 and the high-temperature side of the heat exchanger 2; the low-temperature side of the heat exchanger 2 is connected to the first port 41 and the second port 42 of the eight-way valve; the third port 43 of the eight-way valve 4 is sequentially connected to the air-conditioning circuit and the fourth port 44 of the eight-way valve; the eighth port 48 of the eight-way valve is sequentially connected to the battery circuit and the seventh port 47 of the eight-way valve; the sixth port 46 of the eight-way valve is sequentially connected to the heat storage device circuit and the fifth port 45 of the eight-way valve.

[0031] Specifically, the high-temperature side of the heat exchanger 2 is located on the left side of the heat exchanger 2, and the low-temperature side is located on the right side of the heat exchanger 2. The air-conditioning circuit includes a third water pump 8, a second PTC 13, and a heater 14. The battery circuit includes a first water pump 6, a first PTC 9, a cooler 10, and a power battery 11. The heat storage device circuit includes a second water pump 7 and a heat storage device 12. The heat storage device 12 can be a PCM heat storage device, or a water-based heat storage device or a solid heat storage material. The cab air conditioner 24 includes a blower 16, an evaporator 15, and a heater 14. When the air conditioner is heating, it is driven by the blower 16 in the air-conditioning circuit to blow the heat in the heater 14 into the cab. It should be noted that the heater 14 is the heater in the air-conditioning core.

[0032] The system further includes a first electronic expansion valve 21, a second electronic expansion valve 22, a compressor 17, a condenser 18, a fuel cell radiator 19, an electronic fan 20, and a fuel cell engine water pump 23. Among them, the fuel cell radiator 19 is connected to the proportional valve 3 and the high-temperature side of the heat exchanger 2, and the fuel cell radiator 19 is also connected to the inlet and outlet of the fuel cell engine 1. The condenser 18 is sequentially connected to the first electronic expansion valve 21, the evaporator 15, and the compressor 17. The condenser 18 is also sequentially connected to the second electronic expansion valve 22 and the cooler 10. The evaporator 15 and the first electronic expansion valve 21 are used together to convert the high-pressure liquid refrigerant into a low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, while absorbing heat to lower the temperature of the refrigerant and the evaporator. The condenser 18 is used to convert the high-pressure gas output by the compressor 17 into a liquid. The fuel cell engine water pump 23 is located inside the fuel cell engine 1, and the electronic fan 20 is used to increase the wind speed of the fuel cell radiator 19 and enhance the heat dissipation capacity of the radiator.

[0033] The method includes:

[0034] 101. In response to the heating demand of the vehicle end, obtain the outlet water temperature of the fuel cell engine 1; the heating demand of the vehicle end includes an air-conditioning heating request, a battery system request, and a heat storage device request.

[0035] Specifically, the outlet water temperature of the fuel cell engine 1 depends on the operating conditions of the whole vehicle. In the embodiments of the present invention, the waste heat is utilized in a hierarchical manner. The first level preferentially ensures the heating demand of the cab to maintain the comfort of the cab. The second level optimizes the operating temperature of the power battery and heats the battery with the waste heat. The third level stores the excess heat and releases the heat for cab heating or battery insulation and heating when the fuel cell engine 1 outputs at a low power.

[0036] 102. If the outlet water temperature is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold, obtain the inlet water temperature of the fuel cell engine 1, and determine the change rate of the inlet and outlet water according to the outlet water temperature and the inlet water temperature.

[0037] Specifically, the operating conditions of the whole vehicle determine the engine output power, and there is a corresponding engine water temperature for the engine output power. By judging the outlet water temperature, if the outlet water temperature is greater than the preset first temperature threshold, the change rate of the inlet and outlet water is calculated. Here, the change rate is calculated by the inlet water temperature and the outlet water temperature, and the inlet water temperature and the outlet water temperature can be measured by the temperature sensor 5.

[0038] 103. Adjust the opening of the proportional valve based on the change rate of the inlet and outlet water.

[0039] Specifically, on the premise of ensuring the stability of the fuel cell system, the opening of the proportional valve 3 is gradually adjusted according to a preset algorithm to realize heat exchange on the low-temperature side of the heat exchanger 2. The stability of the fuel cell system here includes that the change rate of the inlet and outlet water is less than the preset change rate threshold, and the change rate threshold and the preset algorithm can be set by the implementer during the implementation process.

[0040] 104. Based on the air-conditioning heating request, the battery system request or the heat storage device request, control the first water pump 6 in the battery circuit, the second water pump 7 in the heat storage device circuit or the third water pump 8 in the air-conditioning circuit to be turned on, and adjust the working mode of the octagonal valve 4 to realize multiple fuel cell engine waste heat heating modes; the multiple fuel cell engine waste heat heating modes are to use the waste heat of the fuel cell engine to heat at least one of the air-conditioning system, the battery system and the heat storage device 12.

[0041] Collect the heat requirements at all levels, adjust the working mode of the octagonal valve and the rotation speed of the water pump, and transfer the heat of the high-temperature deionized water in the fuel cell cooling circuit to the coolant through the heat exchanger 2, so as to realize the hierarchical utilization of heat.

[0042] In a possible implementation, it further includes: if the outlet water temperature is less than the first temperature threshold, determining the temperature of the heat storage device; if the temperature of the heat storage device is greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold, controlling the first water pump 6, the second water pump 7 or the third water pump 8 to be turned on based on the air-conditioning heating request or the battery system request, and adjusting the working mode of the eight-way valve 4 to implement multiple heat storage device heating modes; the multiple heat storage device heating modes are to use the heat stored in the heat storage device 12 to heat at least one of the air-conditioning system and the battery system.

[0043] Specifically, when the temperature of the heat storage device is greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold, heat is released from the heat storage device, and the released heat is used for cab heating and battery heat preservation and heating.

[0044] In a possible implementation, the multiple fuel cell engine waste heat heating modes include a first heating mode, and the first heating mode is to use the waste heat of the fuel cell engine to heat the air-conditioning system. The first heating mode includes:

[0045] According to the first target temperature of the air-conditioning heating request, determining the first temperature difference between the current air-conditioning outlet temperature and the first target temperature to adjust the opening of the proportional valve 3 and the rotational speed of the third water pump 8.

[0046] Specifically, the first heating mode means that at this time, only the air-conditioning system on the vehicle requests heating. At this time, the eight-way valve 4 enters the first heating mode, that is, the first port 41 and the third port 43 of the eight-way valve are connected, and the fourth port 44 and the second port 42 are connected. The water outlet on the low-temperature side of the heat exchanger enters the first port 41 of the eight-way valve, comes out from the third port 43 of the eight-way valve and then enters the air-conditioning circuit, enters the valve through the fourth port 44 of the eight-way valve, and then comes out from the second port 42 and enters the water inlet on the low-temperature side of the heat exchanger to form a complete cycle. At the same time, the third water pump 8 remains open and is driven by the blower 16 in the air-conditioning circuit to blow the heat in the heater 14 into the cab.

[0047] Through the above method, single-stage recovery of the waste heat of the fuel cell engine in the air-conditioning system is achieved. Based on the first temperature difference, the opening of the proportional valve and the rotational speed of the third water pump are adjusted according to the preset algorithm to achieve closed-loop control.

[0048] In a possible implementation, the multiple fuel cell engine waste heat heating modes further include a second heating mode, and the second heating mode is to use the waste heat of the fuel cell engine to heat the battery system. The second heating mode includes:

[0049] Determine a second temperature difference based on the second target temperature requested by the battery system and the current outlet temperature of the first PTC in the battery circuit, so as to adjust the opening degree of the proportional valve 3 and the rotational speed of the first water pump 6.

[0050] Specifically, adopting the second heating mode means that at this time, the heating demand at the vehicle end is only for the battery system, and the eight-way valve 4 enters the second heating mode, that is, the first port 41 and the eighth port 48 of the eight-way valve are connected, and the seventh port 47 and the second port 42 of the eight-way valve are connected. The water outlet on the low-temperature side of the heat exchanger enters the first port 41 of the eight-way valve, comes out from the eighth port 48 of the eight-way valve and then enters the battery circuit, enters the valve through the seventh port 47 of the eight-way valve, and then comes out from the second port 42 and enters the water inlet on the low-temperature side of the heat exchanger, forming a complete cycle. At the same time, the first water pump 6 is turned on, and heat is brought into the battery system through the liquid cooling plate in the battery circuit. Among them, the liquid cooling plate is located in the power battery 11 and is a heat dissipation part, which transfers heat when the power battery dissipates heat.

[0051] Through the above method, the waste heat of the fuel cell engine is recovered at a single stage in the battery system. Based on the second temperature difference, the opening degree of the proportional valve and the rotational speed of the first water pump 6 are adjusted according to a preset algorithm to achieve closed-loop control.

[0052] In a possible implementation manner, the multiple waste heat heating modes of the fuel cell engine further include a third heating mode, and the third heating mode is to use the waste heat of the fuel cell engine to heat the heat storage device 12. The third heating mode includes:

[0053] Determine a third temperature difference based on the third target temperature requested by the heat storage device and the current temperature of the heat storage device 12, so as to adjust the opening degree of the proportional valve 3 and the rotational speed of the second water pump 7.

[0054] Specifically, in the third heating mode, the heating demand at the vehicle end is only for the heat storage device 12, and the eight-way valve 4 enters the third heating mode, that is, the first port 41 and the sixth port 46 of the eight-way valve are connected, and the second port 42 and the fifth port 45 of the eight-way valve are connected. The water outlet on the low-temperature side of the heat exchanger enters the first port 41 of the eight-way valve, comes out from the sixth port 46 of the eight-way valve and then enters the heat storage device circuit, enters the valve through the fifth port 45 of the eight-way valve, and then comes out from the second port 42 and enters the water inlet on the low-temperature side of the heat exchanger, forming a complete cycle. At the same time, the second water pump 7 is turned on, and heat is stored through the heat exchanger 2 in the heat storage device circuit.

[0055] Through the above method, the waste heat of the fuel cell engine is recovered at a single stage in the heat storage device. At the same time, according to the third temperature difference, the opening degree of the proportional valve and the rotational speed of the second water pump 7 are adjusted according to a preset algorithm to achieve closed-loop control.

[0056] In a possible implementation, the multiple fuel cell engine waste heat heating modes further include a fourth heating mode, where the fourth heating mode is to use the waste heat of the fuel cell engine to heat the air conditioning system and the battery system; the fourth heating mode includes:

[0057] The coolant flows from the low-temperature side water outlet of the heat exchanger 2 to the first port 41 of the eight-way valve, flows out from the third port 43 of the eight-way valve, enters the air conditioning circuit, flows to the fourth port 44 of the eight-way valve, flows out from the eighth port 48 of the eight-way valve, and enters the battery circuit, then flows to the seventh port 47 of the eight-way valve, and then flows out from the second port 42 of the eight-way valve and enters the low-temperature side water inlet of the heat exchanger 2 to form a cycle.

[0058] Specifically, in the fourth heating mode, the vehicle-end heating requirements are for the air conditioning system and the battery system. The eight-way valve 4 enters the fourth heating mode, that is, the first port 41 and the third port 43 of the eight-way valve are connected, the second port 42 and the seventh port 47 are connected, and the fourth port 44 and the eighth port 48 are connected. At the same time, the first water pump 6 and the third water pump 8 need to be turned on to achieve heat exchange in the air conditioning system and the battery system.

[0059] Through the above method, the waste heat of the fuel cell engine is recovered at the air conditioning system and the battery system in a two-stage manner. At the same time, according to the difference between the target temperature requested by the air conditioning system and the battery system and the current temperature, the opening of the proportional valve and the rotation speeds of the first water pump 6 and the third water pump 8 are adjusted according to a preset algorithm to achieve closed-loop control.

[0060] In a possible implementation, the multiple fuel cell engine waste heat heating modes further include a fifth heating mode, where the fifth heating mode is to use the waste heat of the fuel cell engine to heat the air conditioning system and the heat storage device 12; in the fifth heating mode, the coolant flows out from the low-temperature side water outlet of the heat exchanger 2, passes through the eight-way valve 4 and first enters the air conditioning circuit, then passes through the eight-way valve 4 and enters the heat storage device 12, and then returns to the low-temperature side water inlet of the heat exchanger 2 through the eight-way valve 4 to form a cycle;

[0061] The multiple fuel cell engine waste heat heating modes further include a sixth heating mode, where the sixth heating mode is to use the waste heat of the fuel cell engine to heat the battery system and the heat storage device 12; in the sixth heating mode, the coolant flows out from the low-temperature side water outlet of the heat exchanger 2, passes through the eight-way valve 4 and first enters the battery circuit, then passes through the eight-way valve 4 and enters the heat storage device 12, and then returns to the low-temperature side water inlet of the heat exchanger 2 through the eight-way valve 4 to form a cycle.

[0062] Specifically, in the fifth heating mode, the heating demand at the vehicle end is for the air conditioning system and the heat storage device 12. The eight-way valve 4 enters the fifth heating mode, that is, the first port 41 and the third port 43 of the eight-way valve are connected, the fourth port 44 and the sixth port 46 are connected, and the second port 42 and the fifth port 45 are connected. The water flowing out from the low-temperature side of the heat exchanger enters the first port 41 of the eight-way valve, comes out from the third port 43 of the eight-way valve and then enters the air conditioning circuit, enters the valve through the fourth port 44 of the eight-way valve, then comes out from the sixth port 46, enters the heat storage device circuit, enters the valve through the fifth port 45 of the eight-way valve, and then comes out from the second port 42 and enters the low-temperature side water inlet of the heat exchanger, forming a complete cycle. At the same time, the second water pump 7 and the third water pump 8 are turned on to achieve heat exchange in the air conditioning system and the heat storage device system.

[0063] Through the above method, the waste heat of the fuel cell engine is recovered in a two-stage manner in the air conditioning system and the heat storage device 12. At the same time, according to the difference between the target temperature requested by the air conditioning system and the heat storage device and the current temperature, the opening degree of the proportional valve and the rotation speeds of the third water pump 8 and the second water pump 7 are adjusted according to a preset algorithm to achieve closed-loop control.

[0064] In the sixth heating mode, the heating demand at the vehicle end is for the battery system and the heat storage device 12. The eight-way valve 4 enters the sixth heating mode, that is, the first port 41 and the eighth port 48 of the eight-way valve are connected, the seventh port 47 and the sixth port 46 are connected, and the second port 42 and the fifth port 45 are connected. The water flowing out from the low-temperature side of the heat exchanger enters the first port 41 of the eight-way valve, comes out from the eighth port 48 of the eight-way valve and then enters the battery circuit, enters the valve through the seventh port 47 of the eight-way valve, then comes out from the sixth port 46, enters the heat storage device circuit, enters the valve through the fifth port 45 of the eight-way valve, and then comes out from the second port 42 and enters the low-temperature side water inlet of the heat exchanger, forming a complete cycle. At the same time, the first water pump 6 and the second water pump 7 are turned on to achieve heat exchange in the battery system and the heat storage device system.

[0065] Through the above method, the waste heat of the fuel cell engine is recovered in a two-stage manner in the battery system and the heat storage device. At the same time, according to the difference between the target temperature requested by the battery system and the heat storage device and the current temperature, the opening degree of the proportional valve and the rotation speeds of the first water pump 6 and the second water pump 7 are adjusted according to a preset algorithm to achieve closed-loop control.

[0066] In a possible implementation manner, the multiple fuel cell engine waste heat heating modes further include a seventh heating mode, where the seventh heating mode is to use the waste heat of the fuel cell engine to heat the air conditioning system, the battery system, and the heat storage device 12; in the seventh heating mode, the coolant flows out from the low-temperature side water outlet of the heat exchanger 2 and enters the first port 41 of the octagonal valve, flows out from the third port 43 of the octagonal valve, first enters the air conditioning circuit, enters the valve from the fourth port 44 of the octagonal valve, then flows out from the eighth port 48 of the octagonal valve, enters the battery circuit, then enters the valve from the seventh port 47 of the octagonal valve, flows out from the sixth port 46 of the octagonal valve, enters the heat storage device circuit, enters the valve through the fifth port 45 of the octagonal valve, flows out from the second port 42 of the octagonal valve, and enters the low-temperature side water inlet of the heat exchanger 2 to form a cycle.

[0067] Specifically, in the seventh heating mode, the vehicle-end heating requirements are for the air conditioning system, the battery system, and the heat storage device 12. The octagonal valve 4 enters the seventh heating mode, that is, the first port 41 and the third port 43 of the octagonal valve are connected, the fourth port 44 and the eighth port 48 are connected, the seventh port 47 and the sixth port 46 are connected, and the fifth port 45 and the second port 42 are connected. At the same time, the first water pump 6, the second water pump 7, and the third water pump 8 are turned on to achieve heat exchange in the air conditioning system, the battery system, and the heat storage device system.

[0068] Through the above method, the three-stage recovery of the waste heat of the fuel cell engine in the air conditioning system, the battery system, and the heat storage device is completed. At the same time, according to the difference between the target temperature requested by the air conditioning system, the battery system, and the heat storage device and the current temperature, the opening degree of the proportional valve and the rotation speeds of the first water pump 6, the second water pump 7, and the third water pump 8 are adjusted according to a preset algorithm to achieve closed-loop control.

[0069] In a possible implementation manner, the multiple heat storage device heating modes include an eighth heating mode, where the eighth heating mode is to use the heat stored in the heat storage device 12 to heat the air conditioning system and the battery system; in the eighth heating mode, the high-temperature coolant flows from the water outlet of the heat storage device to the fifth port 45 of the octagonal valve, enters the valve, flows out from the third port 43 of the octagonal valve, enters the air conditioning circuit, enters the valve from the fourth port 44 of the octagonal valve, enters the battery circuit from the eighth port 48 of the octagonal valve, then enters the valve from the seventh port 47, flows out from the sixth port 46 of the octagonal valve, and enters the water inlet of the heat storage device 12 to form a cycle.

[0070] Specifically, when in the eighth heating mode, the heating requirements at the vehicle end are for the air conditioning system and the battery system. Adjust the working mode of the eight-way valve 4, that is, connect the fifth port 45 and the third port 43 of the eight-way valve, connect the fourth port 44 and the eighth port 48, and connect the seventh port 47 and the sixth port 46. At the same time, turn on the first water pump 6, the second water pump 7, and the third water pump 8 to achieve heat exchange in the air conditioning system and the battery system.

[0071] Through the above method, the waste heat of the heat storage device is recovered in the air conditioning system and the battery system. At the same time, according to the target temperature requested by the air conditioning system and the battery system, calculate the difference between the currently collected temperature and the target temperature, and adjust the rotation speeds of the first water pump 6, the second water pump 7, and the third water pump 8 according to the preset algorithm to achieve closed-loop control.

[0072] In a possible implementation manner, the multiple heating modes of the heat storage device further include a ninth heating mode, and the ninth heating mode is to use the heat stored in the heat storage device 12 to heat the air conditioning system; in the ninth heating mode, the high-temperature coolant flows out from the water outlet of the heat storage device 12, passes through the eight-way valve 4 and then enters the air conditioning circuit, and then passes through the eight-way valve 4 and enters the water inlet of the heat storage device 12 to form a cycle.

[0073] Specifically, when in the ninth heating mode, the heating requirement at the vehicle end is only for the air conditioning system. Adjust the working mode of the eight-way valve 4, that is, connect the fifth port 45 and the third port 43 of the eight-way valve, and connect the fourth port 44 and the sixth port 46. The high-temperature coolant flows from the water outlet of the heat storage device 12 to the fifth port 45 of the eight-way valve, enters the valve, flows out from the third port 43 of the eight-way valve, enters the air conditioning circuit, enters the valve from the fourth port 44 of the eight-way valve, and enters the water inlet of the heat storage device from the sixth port 46 of the eight-way valve to form a cycle.

[0074] At the same time, turn on the second water pump 7 and the third water pump 8 to achieve heat exchange in the air conditioning system.

[0075] Through the above method, the waste heat of the heat storage device is recovered in the air conditioning system. At the same time, according to the target temperature requested by the air conditioning system, calculate the difference between the currently collected temperature and the target temperature, and adjust the rotation speeds of the second water pump 7 and the third water pump 8 according to the preset algorithm to achieve closed-loop control.

[0076] The multiple heating modes of the heat storage device further include a tenth heating mode, and the tenth heating mode is to use the heat stored in the heat storage device 12 to heat the battery system; in the tenth heating mode, the high-temperature coolant flows out from the water outlet of the heat storage device, passes through the eight-way valve 4 and then enters the battery circuit, and then passes through the eight-way valve 4 and enters the water inlet of the heat storage device to form a cycle.

[0077] Specifically, when in the tenth heating mode, the heating demand at the vehicle end is only for the battery system. The working mode of the eight-way valve 4 is adjusted, that is, the fifth port 45 and the eighth port 48 of the eight-way valve are connected, and the seventh port 47 and the sixth port 46 are connected. The high-temperature coolant flows from the water outlet of the heat storage device to the fifth port 45 of the eight-way valve, enters the valve, flows out from the eighth port 48 of the eight-way valve, enters the battery circuit, enters the valve from the seventh port 47 of the eight-way valve, and enters the water inlet of the heat storage device from the sixth port 46 of the eight-way valve to form a cycle.

[0078] At the same time, the first water pump 6 and the second water pump 7 are turned on to achieve heat exchange in the battery system.

[0079] Through the above method, the recovery of the waste heat of the heat storage device in the battery system is completed. At the same time, according to the target temperature requested by the battery system, the difference between the currently collected temperature and the target temperature is calculated, and the rotation speeds of the first water pump 6 and the second water pump 7 are adjusted according to the preset algorithm to achieve closed-loop control.

[0080] In summary, in the embodiment of the present invention, in response to the heating demand at the vehicle end, the heating mode to be adopted is determined according to the outlet water temperature of the fuel cell engine and the temperature of the heat storage device 12 under the actual operating conditions, the opening and closing of the corresponding water pumps, and the working mode of the eight-way valve 4 are controlled to achieve hierarchical utilization of heat. Through real-time monitoring, according to the ambient temperature, operating conditions, other external factors, and internal acquisition parameters such as battery temperature, the dynamic adjustment of the waste heat recovery strategy is realized, the overall efficiency of the thermal management system is optimized, and the efficient utilization of heat under different operating conditions is ensured; in addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, when the fuel cell generator is idling or operating at low power output, the heat of the heat storage device can be exchanged to the vehicle demand end, reducing the volatility of waste heat recovery caused by operating conditions, providing a stable heat output when the waste heat supply fluctuates, realizing intelligent heat distribution, and reducing the vehicle energy consumption.

[0081] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, a vehicle is further provided, including a controller, and the controller executes the control method of the thermal management system provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0082] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A control method for a thermal management system, characterized in that The thermal management system includes: a fuel cell engine, a heat exchanger, a proportional valve, an eight-way valve, an air-conditioning circuit, a battery circuit, a heat storage device circuit, and a temperature sensor for measuring the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the fuel cell engine; the fuel cell engine is connected in series with the proportional valve and the high-temperature side of the heat exchanger; the low-temperature side of the heat exchanger is connected to the first port and the second port of the eight-way valve; the third port of the eight-way valve is sequentially connected to the air-conditioning circuit and the fourth port of the eight-way valve; the eighth port of the eight-way valve is sequentially connected to the battery circuit and the seventh port of the eight-way valve; the sixth port of the eight-way valve is sequentially connected to the heat storage device circuit and the fifth port of the eight-way valve; the method includes: In response to the vehicle-end heating demand, obtain the outlet water temperature of the fuel cell engine; the vehicle-end heating demand includes an air-conditioning heating request, a battery system request, and a heat storage device request; If the outlet water temperature is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold, obtain the inlet water temperature of the fuel cell engine, and determine the inlet and outlet water change rate based on the outlet water temperature and the inlet water temperature; Adjust the proportional valve opening based on the inlet and outlet water change rate; Based on the air-conditioning heating request, the battery system request, or the heat storage device request, control the first water pump in the battery circuit, the second water pump in the heat storage device circuit, or the third water pump in the air-conditioning circuit to turn on, and adjust the working mode of the eight-way valve to achieve multiple fuel cell engine waste heat heating modes; the multiple fuel cell engine waste heat heating modes are to use the waste heat of the fuel cell engine to heat at least one of the air-conditioning system, the battery system, and the heat storage device.

2. The control method of the thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes: If the outlet water temperature is less than the first temperature threshold, judge the temperature of the heat storage device; if the temperature of the heat storage device is greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold, control the first water pump, the second water pump, or the third water pump to turn on based on the air-conditioning heating request or the battery system request, and adjust the working mode of the eight-way valve to achieve multiple heat storage device heating modes; the multiple heat storage device heating modes are to use the heat stored in the heat storage device to heat at least one of the air-conditioning system and the battery system.

3. The control method of the thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that The multiple fuel cell engine waste heat heating modes include a first heating mode, and the first heating mode is to use the waste heat of the fuel cell engine to heat the air-conditioning system. The first heating mode includes: According to the first target temperature of the air-conditioning heating request, determine the first temperature difference between the current air-conditioning outlet temperature and the first target temperature, so as to adjust the opening of the proportional valve and the speed of the third water pump.

4. The control method of the thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein The multiple fuel cell engine waste heat heating modes further include a second heating mode, and the second heating mode is to use the waste heat of the fuel cell engine to heat the battery system. The second heating mode includes: According to the second target temperature of the battery system request and the currently obtained first PTC outlet water temperature in the battery circuit, determine the second temperature difference, so as to adjust the opening of the proportional valve and the speed of the first water pump.

5. The control method of the thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple waste heat heating modes of the fuel cell engine further include a third heating mode, in which the waste heat of the fuel cell engine is used to heat the heat storage device. The third heating mode includes: Determining a third temperature difference based on the third target temperature requested by the heat storage device and the current temperature of the heat storage device, so as to adjust the opening degree of the proportional valve and the rotational speed of the second water pump.

6. The control method of the thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that The multiple waste heat heating modes of the fuel cell engine further include a fourth heating mode, in which the waste heat of the fuel cell engine is used to heat the air conditioning system and the battery system. The fourth heating mode includes: The coolant flows from the low-temperature side water outlet of the heat exchanger to the first port of the eight-way valve, flows out from the third port of the eight-way valve, enters the air conditioning circuit, flows to the fourth port of the eight-way valve, flows out from the eighth port of the eight-way valve, and enters the battery circuit, then flows to the seventh port of the eight-way valve, and then flows out from the second port of the eight-way valve and enters the low-temperature side water inlet of the heat exchanger to form a cycle.

7. The control method of the thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein The multiple waste heat heating modes of the fuel cell engine further include a fifth heating mode, in which the waste heat of the fuel cell engine is used to heat the air conditioning system and the heat storage device. In the fifth heating mode, the coolant flows out from the low-temperature side water outlet of the heat exchanger, passes through the eight-way valve and first enters the air conditioning circuit, then passes through the eight-way valve and enters the heat storage device, and then returns to the low-temperature side water inlet of the heat exchanger through the eight-way valve to form a cycle; The multiple waste heat heating modes of the fuel cell engine further include a sixth heating mode, in which the waste heat of the fuel cell engine is used to heat the battery system and the heat storage device. In the sixth heating mode, the coolant flows out from the low-temperature side water outlet of the heat exchanger, passes through the eight-way valve and first enters the battery circuit, then passes through the eight-way valve and enters the heat storage device, and then returns to the low-temperature side water inlet of the heat exchanger through the eight-way valve to form a cycle.

8. The control method of the thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein, The multiple waste heat heating modes of the fuel cell engine further include a seventh heating mode, in which the waste heat of the fuel cell engine is used to heat the air conditioning system, the battery system and the heat storage device. In the seventh heating mode, the coolant flows out from the low-temperature side water outlet of the heat exchanger and enters the first port of the eight-way valve, flows out from the third port of the eight-way valve, first enters the air conditioning circuit, enters the valve from the fourth port of the eight-way valve, then flows out from the eighth port of the eight-way valve, enters the battery circuit, then enters the valve from the seventh port of the eight-way valve, flows out from the sixth port of the eight-way valve, enters the heat storage device circuit, enters the valve from the fifth port of the eight-way valve, flows out from the second port of the eight-way valve, and enters the low-temperature side water inlet of the heat exchanger to form a cycle.

9. The control method of the thermal management system according to claim 2, wherein The multiple heat storage device heating modes include an eighth heating mode, and in the eighth heating mode, the heat stored in the heat storage device is used to heat the air conditioning system and the battery system; in the eighth heating mode, the high-temperature coolant flows from the water outlet of the heat storage device to the fifth port of the eight-way valve, enters the valve, flows out from the third port of the eight-way valve, enters the air conditioning circuit, enters the valve from the fourth port of the eight-way valve, enters the battery circuit from the eighth port of the eight-way valve, then enters the valve from the seventh port of the eight-way valve, flows out from the sixth port of the eight-way valve, and enters the water inlet of the heat storage device to form a cycle.

10. The control method of the thermal management system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The multiple heat storage device heating modes further include a ninth heating mode, and in the ninth heating mode, the heat stored in the heat storage device is used to heat the air conditioning system; in the ninth heating mode, the high-temperature coolant flows out from the water outlet of the heat storage device, enters the air conditioning circuit after passing through the eight-way valve, and then enters the water inlet of the heat storage device after passing through the eight-way valve to form a cycle; The multiple heat storage device heating modes further include a tenth heating mode, and in the tenth heating mode, the heat stored in the heat storage device is used to heat the battery system; in the tenth heating mode, the high-temperature coolant flows out from the water outlet of the heat storage device, enters the battery circuit after passing through the eight-way valve, and then enters the water inlet of the heat storage device after passing through the eight-way valve to form a cycle.

11. A vehicle, characterized in that, It includes a controller, and the controller executes the control method of the thermal management system according to any one of claims 1-10.

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