Antifouling matte archaized brick and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of architectural ceramics, and discloses an antifouling matte archaized brick and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that A, a green body layer is prepared; b, applying ground glaze to the surface of the green body layer; c, applying the antifouling matte glaze on the surface of the ground coat layer; d, firing; the antifouling matte glaze is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7-10 parts of kaolin, 5-10 parts of calcined kaolin, 4-8 parts of quartz, 20-30 parts of potassium feldspar, 8-15 parts of albite, 5-10 parts of calcite, 5-10 parts of calcined talc, 1-3 parts of zinc oxide, 2-5 parts of strontium carbonate and 20-30 parts of antifouling wear-resistant frit. The antifouling wear-resistant frit comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 32 to 40 percent of SiO2, 18 to 20 percent of Al2O3, 18 to 20 percent of CaO, 0.5 to 1.5 percent of K2O, 10 to 12 percent of ZnO, 1 to 2.5 percent of BaO and 12 to 15 percent of SrO. According to the scheme, the glossiness, the antifouling performance, the hardness, the abrasion resistance and the color development performance can be considered at the same time under the existing firing condition, and the use satisfaction degree of consumers on the archaized brick is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building ceramics, and in particular to an anti-fouling matte antique brick and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the field of architectural ceramics, the glaze surface of antique tiles is generally not polished, so that the glaze surface retains the sintered state and presents an original matte texture similar to natural stone.

[0003] Based on considerations of glossiness, cost and flatness, the existing glaze formula structure of antique tiles usually uses a full raw material formula, and the flux system is generally a potassium-sodium system. However, if the potassium-sodium content in the glaze formula structure is high, the glaze is easy to melt and produce a glass phase at the low temperature stage of the firing curve, resulting in the glaze raw materials being sealed in the glaze layer before they can be exhausted during the sintering process, causing bubbles to appear on the glaze surface and causing a decrease in anti-fouling performance.

[0004] In order to improve the anti-fouling performance of existing antique tiles, technicians generally adjust the formula and firing temperature. However, since the firing curve of antique tiles is generally based on the existing body and base glaze being vitrified, only a small range of temperature adjustment can be made, and the room for improvement in anti-fouling performance is very limited. Basically, the formula structure of the glaze is adjusted to adapt to the existing firing conditions.

[0005] Due to the rigidification of the firing system, it is difficult to strike a balance between glossiness, anti-fouling performance, hardness, wear resistance and color development performance for the glaze formula of antique tiles composed entirely of raw materials. Therefore, it is urgent to break the existing glaze formula structure of antique tiles composed entirely of raw materials so that under the existing firing conditions, glossiness, anti-fouling performance, hardness, wear resistance and color development performance can be taken into account at the same time, thereby improving consumers' satisfaction with the use of antique tiles. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to propose an anti-fouling matte antique tile and a preparation method thereof, and to optimize the glaze formula structure of the antique tile so that under the existing firing conditions, the glossiness, anti-fouling performance, hardness, wear resistance and color development performance are taken into account at the same time, thereby improving consumers' satisfaction with the use of the antique tile.

[0007] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method for preparing anti-fouling matte antique tiles comprises the following steps:

[0009] A. preparing a ceramic blank, pressing the ceramic blank, and obtaining a blank layer after drying;

[0010] B. applying a base glaze to the surface of the green body layer to obtain a base glaze layer;

[0011] C. Apply the antifouling matte glaze on the surface of the base glaze layer to obtain an antifouling matte glaze layer;

[0012] D. After drying, fire in a kiln to obtain an antifouling matte antique brick;

[0013] Among them,

[0014] In step C, calculated by mass parts, the raw materials of the antifouling matte glaze are composed of 7 - 10 parts of kaolin, 5 - 10 parts of calcined kaolin, 4 - 8 parts of quartz, 20 - 30 parts of potassium feldspar, 8 - 15 parts of sodium feldspar, 5 - 10 parts of calcite, 5 - 10 parts of burnt talc, 1 - 3 parts of zinc oxide, 2 - 5 parts of strontium carbonate, and 20 - 30 parts of antifouling and wear - resistant frit;

[0015] Calculated by mass percentage, the chemical composition of the antifouling and wear - resistant frit includes 32 - 40% of SiO2, 18 - 20% of Al2O3, 18 - 20% of CaO, 0.5 - 1.5% of K2O, 10 - 12% of ZnO, 1 - 2.5% of BaO, and 12 - 15% of SrO;

[0016] In step D, the firing temperature for the firing is 1180 - 1205 °C, and the firing time is 45 - 60 min.

[0017] Preferably, the firing curve of the antifouling and wear - resistant frit is:

[0018] Heat up from room temperature to 300 °C, taking 1.5 - 2.5 h;

[0019] Heat up from 300 °C to 1530 °C, taking 2 - 3 h;

[0020] Keep at 1530 °C for 0.5 - 1.2 h.

[0021] Preferably, calculated by mass percentage, the chemical composition of the antifouling and wear - resistant frit includes 34.81% of SiO2, 18.66% of Al2O3, 19.16% of CaO, 0.81% of K2O, 11.23% of ZnO, 1.76% of BaO, and 13.46% of SrO.

[0022] Preferably, calculated by mass parts, the raw materials of the antifouling and wear - resistant frit are composed of 12 - 18 parts of quartz, 15 - 20 parts of calcined alumina, 30 - 38 parts of wollastonite, 8 - 12 parts of zinc oxide, 18 - 22 parts of strontium carbonate, and 1 - 5 parts of barium carbonate.

[0023] Preferably, calculated by mass parts, the raw materials of the antifouling matte glaze are composed of 8 parts of kaolin, 6 parts of calcined kaolin, 5 parts of quartz, 25 parts of potassium feldspar, 10 parts of sodium feldspar, 7 parts of calcite, 8 parts of burnt talc, 2 parts of zinc oxide, 4 parts of strontium carbonate and 25 parts of antifouling and wear-resistant frit.

[0024] Preferably, the firing curve of the antifouling and wear-resistant frit is as follows:

[0025] Heating from room temperature to 300 °C, taking 2 h;

[0026] Heating from 300 °C to 1530 °C, taking 2.5 h;

[0027] At 1530 °C, holding for 1 h.

[0028] An antifouling matte antique brick is prepared by using the preparation method of the above-mentioned antifouling matte antique brick, and the glaze glossiness of the antifouling matte antique brick is 8-12°, the antifouling grade is 5, the Mohs hardness is 7, and the wear resistance is ≥4 (6000 revolutions).

[0029] The technical solution provided by the present invention may include the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. Al in the frit during firing 3+ Exists in the form of aluminum oxygen tetrahedron in the silicon oxygen tetrahedron, so that part of the silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide in the chemical composition form a dense mullite network structure. And the above-mentioned mullite network structure specifically includes two crystal forms, namely 3Al2O3·2SiO2 and 2Al2O3.SiO2. When the above crystals are evenly distributed in the glaze layer, it can effectively improve the hardness and wear resistance of the glaze layer; and the high silicon and aluminum content in the chemical composition is also beneficial to improving the acid and alkali resistance of the frit, resisting the erosion of acid and alkaline substances for a long time, and contributing to antifouling.

[0031] 2. The antifouling and wear-resistant frit uses divalent ions Sr 2+ and Zn 2+ As the flux system, it can make the frit form a dense internal structure during firing, thus contributing to antifouling; at the same time, Sr 2+ and Zn 2+ Also help the frit to precipitate anorthite crystals during firing. On the one hand, the anorthite crystals can also help to improve the hardness and wear resistance of the glaze layer. On the other hand, the anorthite crystals have high transparency, and at the same time, the chemical composition contains a large amount of ZnO. Introducing the frit as a raw material into the glaze can effectively improve the color development performance of the glaze.

[0032] 3. The anti-fouling matte glaze reduces the addition ratios of potassium feldspar and sodium feldspar in the raw material formula, and at the same time introduces a relatively high proportion of quartz, thereby reducing the contents of low-temperature fluxes K2O and Na2O and the fusible glass phase in the glaze, increasing the softening point temperature of the glaze during the sintering process, making it not easy to form a closed layer prematurely during the glaze firing, and allowing sufficient exhaust time for the gases generated during firing to match the existing firing system of low-temperature and fast firing of antique bricks.

[0033] 4. Strontium carbonate is additionally introduced into the raw materials of the anti-fouling matte glaze. Strontium oxide can reduce the softening temperature of the glaze, increase the high-temperature fluidity of the glaze, and increase the firing range of the glaze, thus being more conducive to forming a dense glaze layer structure and enhancing the anti-fouling performance of the glaze layer. In addition, since the atomic radius of Sr 2+ is larger than that of Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ , the application of a large amount of strontium oxide makes it form a certain surface roughness between the glaze and the glass phase, form diffuse reflection with incident light, reduce the surface gloss of the glaze surface, and achieve the matte effect of antique bricks; after the crystal phases formed with other divalent metal ions are evenly distributed on the glaze surface, the surface gloss of the glaze layer can also be controlled within 8-12°, meeting the public aesthetic of consumers for the matte gloss of antique bricks.

[0034] 5. Calcined kaolin and burnt talc are also introduced into the raw materials of the glaze. Therefore, during the glaze firing, harder mullite and cordierite crystals can be generated additionally. Together with the original crystals in the frit and the unmolten quartz in the raw materials, the anti-fouling matte glaze layer has a variety of harder crystalline substances on its surface, which is more conducive to enhancing the hardness and wear resistance of the glaze surface. During the long-term use of antique bricks, it is not easy to damage the surface performance of the glaze layer, realizing long-term anti-fouling. Specific Embodiments

[0035] A preparation method of an anti-fouling matte antique brick includes the following steps:

[0036] A. Prepare a ceramic blank, press the ceramic blank, and obtain a green body layer after drying;

[0037] B. Apply a base glaze on the surface of the green body layer to obtain a base glaze layer;

[0038] C. Apply the anti-fouling matte glaze on the surface of the base glaze layer to obtain an anti-fouling matte glaze layer;

[0039] D. Dry and then fire in a kiln to obtain an anti-fouling matte antique brick;

[0040] Among them,

[0041] In step C, calculated by mass parts, the raw materials of the antifouling matte glaze are composed of 7-10 parts of kaolin, 5-10 parts of calcined kaolin, 4-8 parts of quartz, 20-30 parts of potassium feldspar, 8-15 parts of albite, 5-10 parts of calcite, 5-10 parts of burnt talc, 1-3 parts of zinc oxide, 2-5 parts of strontium carbonate and 20-30 parts of antifouling and wear-resistant frit;

[0042] Calculated by mass percentage, the chemical composition of the antifouling and wear-resistant frit includes 32-40% of SiO2, 18-20% of Al2O3, 18-20% of CaO, 0.5-1.5% of K2O, 10-12% of ZnO, 1-2.5% of BaO and 12-15% of SrO;

[0043] In step D, the firing temperature is 1180-1205 °C and the firing time is 45-60 min.

[0044] In order to make the glaze layer of antique bricks take into account gloss, antifouling performance, hardness, wear resistance and coloring performance under the existing firing conditions (i.e., the firing temperature is 1180-1205 °C and the firing time is 45-60 min), this scheme designs and optimizes the antifouling matte glaze, breaking the glaze formula structure composed of all raw materials of existing antique bricks, and can effectively improve the satisfaction of consumers with the use of antique bricks.

[0045] Specifically, the raw material formula structure of the antifouling matte glaze in this scheme is composed of a raw material part and a clinker part, and the clinker part is the antifouling and wear-resistant frit. It should be noted that the clinker in the ceramic industry is generally defined as the frit obtained after firing, and the materials in the frit are fully matured before application. Calcined kaolin, burnt talc, calcined zinc oxide, etc. are just the single raw materials calcined to volatilize the organic matter of the raw materials and make the crystal form more stable, and they still belong to the raw materials. That is to say, the materials outside the frit are all defined as raw materials.

[0046] Based on the chemical composition of the antifouling and wear-resistant frit in this scheme, Al in the frit during the firing process 3+ exists as aluminum tetrahedron in silicon tetrahedron, so that part of silicon oxide and alumina in the chemical composition form a dense mullite network structure. And the above-mentioned mullite network structure specifically includes two crystal forms, namely 3Al2O3·2SiO2 and 2Al2O3.SiO2. When the above crystals are evenly distributed in the glaze layer, it can effectively improve the hardness and wear resistance of the glaze layer; and the high silicon and aluminum content in the chemical composition is also beneficial to improving the acid and alkali resistance of the frit, resisting the erosion of acid and alkaline substances for a long time, and contributing to antifouling.

[0047] In addition, in the chemical composition of the antifouling and wear-resistant frit, divalent ions Sr 2+ and Zn 2+As a flux system, it can enable the frit to form a dense internal structure during the firing process, thereby helping to prevent dirt; at the same time, Sr 2+ and Zn 2+ also help the frit to precipitate anorthite crystals during the firing process. On the one hand, the anorthite crystals can also help to improve the hardness and wear resistance of the glaze layer. On the other hand, the anorthite crystals have a high transparency and contain a large amount of ZnO in their chemical composition. Introducing the frit as a raw material into the glaze can effectively improve the color development performance of the glaze.

[0048] For the raw material part of the anti-fouling matte glaze, compared with the raw material formula structure of existing antique bricks, this solution reduces the addition ratios of potassium feldspar and sodium feldspar in the raw material formula, and at the same time introduces a relatively high proportion of quartz, thereby reducing the content of low-temperature fluxes K2O and Na2O and the fusible glass phase in the glaze, increasing the softening point temperature of the glaze during the sintering process, making it not easy to form a closed layer prematurely during the glaze firing, allowing sufficient exhaust time for the gases generated during firing to match the low-temperature and fast-firing sintering system of existing antique bricks.

[0049] Furthermore, to effectively prevent the strontium oxide from melting with the glass phase in the frit and reducing the fluxing activity of the strontium oxide to the glaze, strontium carbonate is additionally introduced into the raw materials of the anti-fouling matte glaze in this solution. Strontium oxide can reduce the softening temperature of the glaze, increase the high-temperature fluidity of the glaze, and increase the firing range of the glaze, thus being more conducive to forming a dense glaze layer structure and improving the anti-fouling performance of the glaze layer. In addition, because the atomic radius of Sr 2+ is larger than that of Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ , the application of a large amount of strontium oxide makes it form a certain surface roughness between it and the glass phase in the glaze, forming diffuse reflection with incident light and reducing the surface gloss of the glaze surface to achieve the matte effect of antique bricks; after the crystal phases formed with other divalent metal ions are evenly distributed on the glaze surface, the surface gloss of the glaze layer can also be controlled within 8 - 12°, meeting the public aesthetic of consumers for the matte gloss of antique bricks.

[0050] Even further, since calcined kaolin and burnt talc are also introduced into the raw materials of the glaze, harder mullite and cordierite crystals can be additionally generated during the glaze firing. Coupled with the original crystals in the frit and the unmolten quartz in the raw materials, the glaze surface of the anti-fouling matte glaze layer is distributed with various harder crystalline substances, which is more conducive to improving the hardness and wear resistance of the glaze surface. During the long-term use of antique bricks, it is not easy to damage the surface performance of the glaze layer, achieving long-term anti-fouling.

[0051] It should be noted that the ceramic blank in step A and the base glaze in step B in this solution are both common ceramic blanks and base glazes for antique bricks, and are not limited here.

[0052] For further illustration, the firing curve of the stain-resistant and wear-resistant frit is as follows:

[0053] Heat from room temperature to 300 °C, taking 1.5 - 2.5 h;

[0054] Heat from 300 °C to 1530 °C, taking 2 - 3 h;

[0055] Keep at 1530 °C for 0.5 - 1.2 h.

[0056] In this way, the softening point temperature of the frit can also be matched with the firing system of existing antique bricks, so that tiny rough surfaces can be generated between the tiny particles of the frit after ball milling and pulping and the glass phase plane formed after glazing firing, further ensuring the formation of a matte glaze surface.

[0057] For further illustration, calculated by mass percentage, the chemical composition of the stain-resistant and wear-resistant frit includes 34.81% of SiO2, 18.66% of Al2O3, 19.16% of CaO, 0.81% of K2O, 11.23% of ZnO, 1.76% of BaO, and 13.46% of SrO.

[0058] For further illustration, calculated by mass parts, the raw materials of the stain-resistant and wear-resistant frit are composed of 12 - 18 parts of quartz, 15 - 20 parts of calcined alumina, 30 - 38 parts of wollastonite, 8 - 12 parts of zinc oxide, 18 - 22 parts of strontium carbonate, and 1 - 5 parts of barium carbonate.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the stain-resistant and wear-resistant frit can be obtained by firing quartz, calcined alumina, wollastonite, zinc oxide, strontium carbonate, and barium carbonate and then quenching with water.

[0060] For further illustration, calculated by mass parts, the raw materials of the stain-resistant matte glaze are composed of 8 parts of kaolin, 6 parts of calcined kaolin, 5 parts of quartz, 25 parts of potassium feldspar, 10 parts of sodium feldspar, 7 parts of calcite, 8 parts of burnt talc, 2 parts of zinc oxide, 4 parts of strontium carbonate, and 25 parts of the stain-resistant and wear-resistant frit.

[0061] For further illustration, the firing curve of the stain-resistant and wear-resistant frit is as follows:

[0062] Heat from room temperature to 300 °C, taking 2 h;

[0063] Heat from 300 °C to 1530 °C, taking 2.5 h;

[0064] Keep at 1530 °C for 1 h.

[0065] An anti - stain matte antique brick, prepared by using the above - mentioned preparation method of the anti - stain matte antique brick, and the glossiness of the glaze surface of the anti - stain matte antique brick is 8 - 12°, the anti - stain grade is 5, the Mohs hardness is 7, and the abrasion resistance is ≥ 4 (6000 revolutions).

[0066] The anti - stain matte antique brick proposed in this solution can, under the existing firing conditions, take into account the glossiness, anti - stain performance, hardness, abrasion resistance and color - development performance at the same time, and improve the satisfaction of consumers with the use of antique bricks.

[0067] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments.

[0068] Example group

[0069] A. Prepare a ceramic blank, press the ceramic blank, and obtain a green body layer after drying;

[0070] B. Apply the base glaze to the surface of the green body layer to obtain a base glaze layer;

[0071] C. Apply the anti - stain matte glaze to the surface of the base glaze layer to obtain an anti - stain matte glaze layer;

[0072] D. After drying, fire in a kiln to obtain an anti - stain matte antique brick;

[0073] Among them, the ceramic blank and the base glaze in the example group are the conventional ceramic blank and base glaze for antique bricks;

[0074] In step C, the raw material composition of the anti - stain matte glaze is shown in Table 1 below, and the chemical composition of the anti - stain and wear - resistant frit is shown in Table 2 below. In step D, the firing temperature is 1180 - 1205 °C, and the firing time is 45 - 60 min.

[0075] Table 1 Raw material composition of each anti - stain matte glaze in the example group

[0076] Raw materials (parts) Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Kaolin 7 8 10 Calcined kaolin 5 6 10 Quartz 4 5 8 Potassium feldspar 20 25 30 Albite 8 10 15 Calcite 5 7 10 Calcined talc 5 8 10 Zinc oxide 1 2 3 Strontium carbonate 2 4 5 Antifouling and wear-resistant frit 20 25 30

[0077] Table 2 Chemical composition of each anti - stain and wear - resistant frit in the example group

[0078] Chemical composition (%) Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 <![CDATA[SiO2]]> 33.63 34.81 36.85 <![CDATA[Al2O3]]> 18.02 18.66 18.76 CaO 18.22 19.16 19.03 <![CDATA[K2O]]> 0.53 0.81 1.42 ZnO 11.89 11.23 10.16 BaO 2.48 1.76 1.18 SrO 14.96 13.46 12.31

[0079] Comparative example 1

[0080] A. Prepare the ceramic blank of Example 2, press the ceramic blank, and obtain a green body layer after drying;

[0081] B. Apply the base glaze of Example 2 to the surface of the green body layer to obtain a base glaze layer;

[0082] C. Apply glaze A to the surface of the base glaze layer to obtain glaze layer A;

[0083] D. After drying, it is fired in a kiln to obtain antique brick A;

[0084] Among them,

[0085] In step C, calculated by mass parts, the raw materials of the glaze A are composed of 8 parts of kaolin, 6 parts of calcined kaolin, 5 parts of quartz, 25 parts of potassium feldspar, 10 parts of sodium feldspar, 7 parts of calcite, 8 parts of burnt talc, 2 parts of zinc oxide and 29 parts of antifouling and wear-resistant frit;

[0086] Calculated by mass percentage, the chemical composition of the antifouling and wear-resistant frit includes SiO2 34.81%, Al2O3 18.66%, CaO 19.16%, K2O 0.81%, ZnO 11.23%, BaO 1.76% and SrO 13.46%;

[0087] In step D, the firing temperature for the firing is 1180 - 1205 °C, and the firing time is 45 - 60 min.

[0088] Comparative example 2

[0089] A. Prepare the ceramic blank of Example 2, press the ceramic blank, and obtain a green body layer after drying;

[0090] B. Apply the base glaze of Example 2 on the surface of the green body layer to obtain a base glaze layer;

[0091] C. Apply glaze B on the surface of the base glaze layer to obtain glaze layer B;

[0092] D. After drying, it is fired in a kiln to obtain antique brick B;

[0093] Among them,

[0094] In step C, calculated by mass parts, the raw materials of the glaze B are composed of 8 parts of kaolin, 6 parts of calcined kaolin, 5 parts of quartz, 25 parts of potassium feldspar, 10 parts of sodium feldspar, 7 parts of calcite, 8 parts of burnt talc, 2 parts of zinc oxide, 4 parts of strontium carbonate and 25 parts of existing matte frit;

[0095] Calculated by mass percentage, the chemical composition of the existing matte frit includes SiO2 55%, Al2O3 17%, BaO 10%, ZnO 4%, SrO 4.5%, K2O 2.65%, Na2O 3.7%, CaO 2.5%, MgO 0.05%, P2O5 0.3% and CaF2 0.3%;

[0096] In step D, the firing temperature for the firing is 1180 - 1205 °C, and the firing time is 45 - 60 min.

[0097] Comparative example 3

[0098] A. Prepare the ceramic blank of Example 2, press the ceramic blank, and obtain a green body layer after drying;

[0099] B. applying the bottom glaze of Example 2 to the surface of the green body layer to obtain a bottom glaze layer;

[0100] C. applying glaze C to the surface of the base glaze layer to obtain a glaze layer C;

[0101] D. After drying, put it into the kiln for firing to obtain antique brick C;

[0102] in,

[0103] In step C, the raw materials of the glaze C are composed of 15 parts of kaolin, 18 parts of calcined kaolin, 30 parts of potassium feldspar, 20 parts of sodium feldspar, 2 parts of zinc oxide, 6 parts of wollastonite, 5 parts of burned talc, 6 parts of wollastonite and 4 parts of barium carbonate, calculated by weight;

[0104] In step D, the firing temperature is 1180-1205° C., and the firing time is 45-60 min.

[0105] The antique bricks prepared in the embodiment group and comparative examples 1-3 were respectively subjected to conventional hardness, wear resistance, glaze glossiness and antifouling grade tests in the field of architectural ceramics. The results are shown in Table 3 below:

[0106] Table 3 Performance test results of antique tiles in the embodiment group and comparative examples 1-3

[0107]

[0108] From the performance test results in Table 3, it can be seen that the anti-fouling matte antique tiles prepared by this scheme can take into account gloss, anti-fouling performance, hardness, wear resistance and color development performance under the existing firing conditions, thereby improving consumers' satisfaction with the use of antique tiles.

[0109] The technical principle of the present invention is described above in conjunction with specific embodiments. These descriptions are only for explaining the principle of the present invention and cannot be interpreted as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention in any way. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art can associate other specific implementations of the present invention without paying creative labor, and these methods will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation method of an anti-fouling matte antique brick, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: A. Prepare a ceramic blank, press the ceramic blank, and obtain a green body layer after drying; B. Apply a base glaze on the surface of the green body layer to obtain a base glaze layer; C. Apply an antifouling matte glaze on the surface of the base glaze layer to obtain an antifouling matte glaze layer; D. Dry and then fire in a kiln to obtain an antifouling matte antique brick; Wherein, In step C, calculated by mass parts, the raw materials of the antifouling matte glaze are composed of 7-10 parts of kaolin, 5-10 parts of calcined kaolin, 4-8 parts of quartz, 20-30 parts of potassium feldspar, 8-15 parts of sodium feldspar, 5-10 parts of calcite, 5-10 parts of calcined talc, 1-3 parts of zinc oxide, 2-5 parts of strontium carbonate, and 20-30 parts of antifouling and wear-resistant frit; Calculated by mass percentage, the chemical composition of the antifouling and wear-resistant frit includes 32-40% of SiO2, 18-20% of Al2O3, 18-20% of CaO, 0.5-1.5% of K2O, 10-12% of ZnO, 1-2.5% of BaO, and 12-15% of SrO; In step D, the firing temperature of the firing is 1180-1205 °C, and the firing time is 45-60 min.

2. The preparation method of an anti-fouling matte antique brick according to claim 1, wherein, The firing curve of the antifouling and wear-resistant frit is: Raise the temperature from room temperature to 300 °C, which takes 1.5-2.5 h; Raise the temperature from 300 °C to 1530 °C, which takes 2-3 h; At 1530 °C, hold for 0.5-1.2 h.

3. The preparation method of an anti-fouling matte antique brick according to claim 1, characterized in that, Calculated by mass percentage, the chemical composition of the antifouling and wear-resistant frit includes 34.81% of SiO2, 18.66% of Al2O3, 19.16% of CaO, 0.81% of K2O, 11.23% of ZnO, 1.76% of BaO, and 13.46% of SrO.

4. The preparation method of an anti-fouling matte antique brick according to claim 1, characterized in that, Calculated by mass parts, the raw materials of the antifouling and wear-resistant frit are composed of 12-18 parts of quartz, 15-20 parts of calcined alumina, 30-38 parts of wollastonite, 8-12 parts of zinc oxide, 18-22 parts of strontium carbonate, and 1-5 parts of barium carbonate.

5. The preparation method of an anti-fouling matte antique brick according to claim 1, characterized in that, Calculated by mass parts, the raw materials of the antifouling matte glaze are composed of 8 parts of kaolin, 6 parts of calcined kaolin, 5 parts of quartz, 25 parts of potassium feldspar, 10 parts of sodium feldspar, 7 parts of calcite, 8 parts of calcined talc, 2 parts of zinc oxide, 4 parts of strontium carbonate, and 25 parts of antifouling and wear-resistant frit.

6. The preparation method of an anti-fouling matte antique brick according to claim 2, characterized in that, The firing curve of the antifouling and wear-resistant frit is: Raise the temperature from room temperature to 300 °C, which takes 2 h; Raise the temperature from 300 °C to 1530 °C, which takes 2.5 h; At 1530 °C, hold for 1 h.

7. An anti-fouling matte antique brick, characterized in that, Prepared by using the preparation method of the antifouling matte antique brick according to any one of claims 1-6, and the glaze glossiness of the antifouling matte antique brick is 8-12°, the antifouling grade is 5, the Mohs hardness is 7, and the wear resistance is ≥ 4 (6000 revolutions).

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