A dynamic support method for layered cover soil-weathered rock binary slope

Abstract

The present invention discloses a dynamic support method for a layered overburden soil-weathered rock binary slope, comprising: performing surface scanning, sampling, and testing on the slope to obtain the physical and mechanical parameters of the rock and soil; establishing a slope model and performing stability analysis; spraying the slope to construct a foundation protection layer; attaching multiple steel wire ropes to the surface of the foundation protection layer in a cross-shaped manner to form a conformal protection net, with the steel wire ropes anchored in sections within the slope; drilling holes in the target area of ​​the slope according to the slope model, extending a grouting pipe into the borehole; injecting concrete slurry into the borehole, and the concrete slurry seeping into the gaps in the slope. The present invention can more specifically support and reinforce the soil-rock binary combination slope, fully considering the stability characteristics of the overburden and the underlying weathered rock layer, so that the entire construction process will not cause secondary damage to the slope, and achieve economical, efficient, and safe slope support and reinforcement. The present invention is applicable to the technical field of slope reinforcement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of slope reinforcement, and in particular relates to a dynamic support method for a layered covering soil-weathered rock binary slope. Background Art

[0002] Slopes are naturally or artificially formed slopes, such as cuttings, soil slopes, or rock slopes. They are one of the most fundamental geological environments in human engineering activities and one of the most common forms of engineering construction. Due to human interference or other natural factors, slopes often slip or collapse, damaging buildings at the base or blocking road traffic, resulting in casualties and property losses, posing a significant threat. Unstable slopes require preemptive support and reinforcement. Support structures such as anchor rods and cables are installed within the slope to alter its natural load pattern, enhance its stability, prevent landslides, and ensure the safety of people and property near the slope.

[0003] Overburden soil-weathered rock binary combination slope refers to a special combination slope composed of an upper covering soil mass and an underlying weathered rock mass. The composition structure of this type of slope has a significant difference in stiffness and generally has the physical and mechanical characteristics of being "soft on top and hard on the bottom". Since the soil-rock binary structure slope involves a structure with large differences in the properties of soil and rock, the stability of the slope is affected by factors such as the strength of the soil and rock mass, the thickness of the overburden soil and the underlying rock mass, and the relative position of different weak surface structures. The form of landslide failure is uncertain. At present, there is little research in the academic community on the overall stability analysis and support design theoretical system of this type of structural slope. As a result, there is a certain degree of blindness in the support and reinforcement design of soil-rock binary combination slopes in actual engineering projects, which cannot fully exert the effectiveness of the slope support system and achieve a slope support and reinforcement design that matches the slope failure form. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a dynamic support method for layered covering soil-weathered rock binary slopes, which aims to more specifically support and reinforce the soil-rock binary combination slope, fully considering the stability characteristics of the overlying soil and the underlying weathered rock layer, so that the entire construction process will not cause secondary damage to the slope, and achieve economical, efficient and safe slope support and reinforcement.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0006] A dynamic support method for a layered cover soil-weathered rock binary slope comprises the following steps:

[0007] Step 1. Scan the slope surface and take interval samples of rock and soil. Perform rock mass tests on the samples to obtain the physical and mechanical parameters of the rock and soil.

[0008] Step 2. Establish a slope model and conduct stability analysis;

[0009] Step 3. Use an adjustable spraying device to spray the slope surface. After the concrete slurry solidifies, a basic protective layer is formed on the slope surface.

[0010] Step 4. Using a conformable anchoring device, multiple steel cables are cross-attached to the surface of the foundation protective layer in accordance with the shape of the slope, and these steel cables form a conformable protective net, each of the steel cables having multiple anchoring points along its length, each of the anchoring points being anchored within the slope;

[0011] Step 5. Based on the slope model, use a drilling machine to drill holes at intervals in the target area of ​​the slope and insert the grouting pipe into the drilled holes;

[0012] Step 6. The concrete slurry is pressurized and injected into the borehole through the grouting pipe, and the concrete slurry penetrates into the inner wall of the slope through the cracks in the rock mass.

[0013] Furthermore, between step 4 and step 5, a secondary spraying operation is performed on the slope surface, so that a secondary protection layer is formed outside the basic protection layer, and the conformal protection net is located between the basic protection layer and the secondary protection layer.

[0014] Furthermore, the adjustable spraying device includes an assembly seat installed on a vehicle-mounted robotic arm, an elastic spraying disk is installed on the assembly seat and at one end facing the slope surface, a central delivery pipe is connected to the center of the elastic spraying disk, and an adjustment mechanism is provided between the central delivery pipe and the assembly seat.

[0015] Furthermore, the elastic spray disc includes a detachably connected elastic spray disc body and an elastic base disc body, a spray chamber is formed between the two, the elastic base disc body is detachably connected to the assembly seat, one end of the central delivery pipe is respectively fixedly connected to the elastic spray disc body and the elastic base disc body, and a plurality of conducting holes are opened on the portion of the central delivery pipe located in the spray chamber.

[0016] Furthermore, the adjustment mechanism includes a plurality of oblique driving members evenly arranged along the circumference of the central conveying pipe, one end of each oblique driving member is hinged to the movable sleeve, and the other end of the oblique driving member is hinged to the assembly seat, and the movable sleeve is movably mounted on the connecting joint on the central conveying pipe.

[0017] Furthermore, the conformable anchoring device includes a mounting base that can be detachably mounted on a vehicle-mounted robotic arm, and a drilling mechanism, a rope-laying mechanism and an anchoring mechanism are sequentially arranged on the mounting base along the laying direction of the wire rope. The drilling mechanism drills an anchor hole on the slope, the rope-laying mechanism pulls the wire rope to the mouth of the anchor hole, and the anchoring mechanism anchors the wire rope in the anchor hole through an anchor, and when the anchor mechanism leaves the anchor hole, the adhesive gradually fills the anchor hole.

[0018] Furthermore, the drilling mechanism includes a drive motor and a drill rod, a guide rail is constructed on the mounting seat, a sliding seat that can slide toward the slope surface is slidably mounted on the guide rail, the drive motor is mounted on the sliding seat, the drill rod is coaxially mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor, and a first hydraulic cylinder is installed at the end of the guide rail away from the slope surface, and the cylinder rod of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the drive motor or the sliding seat.

[0019] Furthermore, the rope laying mechanism includes a winding drum rotatably connected to the mounting seat through a mounting shaft, the wire rope is wound on the winding drum, a ratchet is installed on the mounting shaft, and a pawl is installed on the mounting seat, the ratchet and pawl cooperate, and a plurality of guide pulleys are installed on the mounting seat at intervals along the laying direction of the wire rope, and a rope pressing assembly is installed at the end of the mounting seat away from the drilling mechanism. One end of the wire rope comes out from the winding drum, passes through each guide pulley and the rope pressing assembly in turn, and during the anchoring process, the rope pressing assembly presses the corresponding part of the wire rope.

[0020] Furthermore, the anchoring mechanism includes a accommodating cylinder installed on the mounting seat and containing a plurality of stacked anchor pieces, a lifting assembly is installed at the end of the accommodating cylinder away from the slope surface, the lifting direction of the lifting assembly is consistent with the length direction of the accommodating cylinder, a pushing assembly is provided at the end of the accommodating cylinder close to the slope surface, a guide seat extending along the laying direction of the wire rope is installed on the accommodating cylinder, the pushing direction of the pushing assembly is consistent with the extension direction of the guide seat, an elastic opening and closing door is installed at the end of the guide seat away from the accommodating cylinder, and a top rope anchoring assembly is provided on the side of the elastic opening and closing door away from the slope.

[0021] Furthermore, the anchor includes a plate-like body having a limiting groove, and a plurality of anchor claws are respectively constructed on two opposite sides of the plate-like body. When the anchor is pushed into the anchor hole by the top rope anchoring assembly, the anchor claws contact the inner wall of the anchor hole and are bent and deformed to be anchored in the anchor hole.

[0022] Due to the aforementioned structure, the present invention achieves a technological advancement over existing technologies in that, by scanning, sampling, and testing the slope, the constructed slope model is more realistic. This allows for stability analysis of the slope model to reveal the specifics of the actual slope. Based on the analysis results, the area to be reinforced (the target area) is then demarcated. The target area is then sprayed with grout to form a solid foundational protective layer on its outer surface, ensuring that the slope surface remains stable during subsequent reinforcement operations, preventing slippage and collapse. The present invention uses a conformable anchoring device to anchor multiple steel cables segmentally along the slope surface. These cables form a conformable protective net, which follows the slope's contours (e.g., depressions, ridges, etc.) and surrounds the target area. This conformable net, in conjunction with the foundational protective layer, securely holds easily detached rock masses and strata to the slope surface. Then, the slope is reinforced with anchor rods, that is, the anchor rods are inserted into the target area at intervals; the target area can also be drilled, and the grouting pipe is inserted into the drilled hole for grouting, so that the concrete slurry penetrates into the slope rock body, and the solidified concrete greatly improves the strength of the slope. In conjunction with the foundation protection layer and the conformal protection net, the strength of the slope reaches the expected level. In summary, the present invention can more specifically support and reinforce the soil-rock binary combination slope, fully considering the stability characteristics of the overlying soil and the underlying weathered rock layer, so that the entire construction process will not cause secondary damage to the slope, and achieve economical, efficient and safe slope support and reinforcement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0024] In the attached figure:

[0025] Figure 1 This is a construction flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the conformable anchoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a structural side view of a conformable anchoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the drilling mechanism in the conformable anchoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the rope laying mechanism in the conformable anchoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the rope pressing assembly in the rope laying mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the anchoring mechanism in the conformable anchoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure shown from another angle;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the accommodating cylinder, the guide seat and the elastic opening and closing door in the anchoring mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure shown from another angle;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the guide seat connected to the anchor member according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 12 This is a schematic structural diagram of an anchor member according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 13 This is a schematic structural diagram of a pusher assembly in an anchoring mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the structure of the lifting assembly in the anchoring mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the structure of the top rope anchoring assembly in the anchoring mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 16 This is a schematic structural diagram of an adjustable spraying device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 17 Schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic spraying disk in the adjustable spraying device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 18 This is an axial structural cross-sectional view of the connection between the elastic spraying disc and the central delivery pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic spraying disc after disassembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 20 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection between the assembly seat, the adjustment mechanism and the central delivery pipe in the adjustable spraying device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Marked parts: 100-mounting seat, 101-longitudinal seat, 102-guide rail, 103-fixing ear, 104-conducting port, 200-drilling mechanism, 201-sliding seat, 202-drive motor, 203-drill rod, 204-first hydraulic cylinder, 300-rope laying mechanism, 301-reeling drum, 302-mounting shaft, 303-ratchet, 304-pawl, 305-rope guide wheel, 306-rope pressing assembly, 3061-rope pressing wheel, 3 062- movable seat, 3063- second hydraulic cylinder, 400- steel wire rope, 500- anchoring mechanism, 501- accommodating cylinder, 502- connecting ear, 503- guide seat, 504- pivot shaft, 505- plate-type door body, 506- torsion spring, 507- limit bar, 508- ejector cylinder, 509- adapter plate, 510- ejector block, 511- ejector cylinder, 512- ejector plate, 513- plate-like body, 514- anchoring claw, 515- Limiting edge, 516-through port, 517-third hydraulic cylinder, 518-connecting beam, 519-top joint, 520-glue injection hole, 521-glue injection hard pipe, 522-glue injection hose, 600-elastic spraying disc, 601-elastic spraying disc body, 6011-first connecting ring, 6012-spraying hole, 6013-first elastic ring, 6014-first connecting edge, 602-elastic base disc body, 6021-second connecting ring, 6022- Second elastic ring, 6023-second connecting edge, 603-mounting ear, 604-spraying chamber, 700-central delivery pipe, 701-tubular body, 702-conducting hole, 800-assembly seat, 801-seat-shaped body, 802-fixing part, 803-adapter, 900-adjustment mechanism, 901-oblique driving member, 902-joint ball head, 903-joint bowl seat, 904-connecting spring, 905-movable sleeve, 906-connecting joint. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0047] The present invention discloses a dynamic support method for layered cover soil-weathered rock binary slope, such as Figure 1-20 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0048] Step 1. Scan the slope surface and take interval samples of rock and soil. Perform rock mass tests on the samples to obtain the physical and mechanical parameters of the rock and soil.

[0049] Step 2. Establish a slope model and conduct stability analysis;

[0050] Step 3. Use an adjustable spraying device to spray the slope surface. After the concrete slurry solidifies, a basic protective layer is formed on the slope surface.

[0051] Step 4. Using a conformable anchoring device, multiple steel wire ropes 400 are cross-attached to the surface of the foundation protective layer in accordance with the shape of the slope, and these steel wire ropes 400 form a conformable protective net. Each of the steel wire ropes 400 has multiple anchor points along its length, and each of the anchor points is anchored in the slope.

[0052] Step 5. Based on the slope model, use a drilling machine to drill holes at intervals in the target area of ​​the slope and insert the grouting pipe into the drilled holes;

[0053] Step 6. The concrete slurry is pressurized and injected into the borehole through the grouting pipe, and the concrete slurry penetrates into the inner wall of the slope through the cracks in the rock mass.

[0054] The working principle and advantages of this invention lie in: by scanning, sampling, and testing the slope, the constructed slope model is made more realistic. This allows for stability analysis of the slope model to reveal the specific conditions of the actual slope. Based on the analysis results, the area to be reinforced (the target area) is then demarcated. The target area is then sprayed with grout to form a solid foundational protective layer on its outer surface, ensuring that the slope surface remains stable during subsequent reinforcement operations, preventing slippage and collapse. The present invention uses a conformable anchoring device to anchor multiple steel cables 400 segmentally along the slope surface. These cables 400 form a conformable protective net, which follows the slope's contours (e.g., depressions, ridges, etc.) and surrounds the target area. This conformable net, in conjunction with the foundational protective layer, securely holds easily detached rock masses and strata to the slope surface. Then, the slope is reinforced with anchor rods, that is, the anchor rods are inserted into the target area at intervals; the target area can also be drilled, and the grouting pipe is inserted into the drilled hole for grouting, so that the concrete slurry penetrates into the slope rock body, and the solidified concrete greatly improves the strength of the slope. In conjunction with the foundation protection layer and the conformal protection net, the strength of the slope reaches the expected level. In summary, the present invention can more specifically support and reinforce the soil-rock binary combination slope, fully considering the stability characteristics of the overlying soil and the underlying weathered rock layer, so that the entire construction process will not cause secondary damage to the slope, and achieve economical, efficient and safe slope support and reinforcement.

[0055] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a secondary spraying operation is performed on the slope surface between steps 4 and 5, forming a secondary protective layer outside the basic protective layer, with the conformable protective net positioned between the basic protective layer and the secondary protective layer. This allows the conformable protective net to be integrated with the slope protection, improving the structural strength of the slope protection surface and ensuring its surface continuity and integrity, ensuring its strong resistance to external erosion.

[0056] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 16-20 As shown, the adjustable spraying device includes an assembly base 800, an elastic spraying disc 600, a central delivery pipe 700, and an adjustment mechanism 900. The assembly base 800 is detachably mounted on a vehicle-mounted robotic arm. The elastic spraying disc 600 is mounted on the assembly base 800 with one end facing the slope surface. The central delivery pipe 700 is connected to the center of the elastic spraying disc 600, and the axis of the central delivery pipe 700 and the elastic spraying disc 600 (before elastic deformation occurs) coincide with each other. The adjustment mechanism 900 is disposed between the central delivery pipe 700 and the assembly base 800. In this embodiment, the assembly base 800 is moved near the slope surface by a vehicle-mounted robotic arm, ensuring the continuity of movement. Simultaneously, the adjustment mechanism 900 is controlled to cause the center of the elastic spraying disc 600 to bulge, sink, or deflect. This in turn adjusts the direction, angle, and range of the concrete slurry sprayed from the elastic spraying disc 600, thereby adapting to the irregular surface of the slope. This prevents uneven thickness of the foundation protective layer on the slope surface, resulting in large thickness deviations that affect the overall strength of the structure, and prevents localized excessive thinness that reduces the continuity of the foundation protective layer. This also prevents uneven thickness of the secondary protective layer, which could result in different loads in different areas of the conformal protective net, and prevents the conformal protective net from being exposed.

[0057] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 17-19As shown, the elastic spray plate 600 includes an elastic spray plate body 601 and an elastic base plate body 602. The elastic spray plate body 601 and the elastic base plate body 602 are detachably connected together, with their axes coinciding, and a spray chamber 604 is formed therebetween. The elastic base plate body 602 is detachably connected to the assembly base 800. One end of the central delivery pipe 700 is fixedly connected to the elastic spray plate body 601 and the elastic base plate body 602, respectively. A plurality of guide holes 702 are formed in the portion of the central delivery pipe 700 located within the spray chamber 604. The elastic spray disc 601 of this embodiment includes a plurality of first connecting rings 6011 of varying radial lengths, coaxially arranged together. A first elastic ring 6013 is disposed between adjacent first connecting rings 6011. The center of the centrally located first connecting ring 6011 is connected by a first elastic disc. Each first connecting ring 6011 is provided with a plurality of spray holes 6012 spaced circumferentially therefrom. These spray holes 6012 are all connected to the spray chamber 604. The elastic base disc 602 of this embodiment includes a plurality of second connecting rings 6021 of varying radial lengths, coaxially arranged together. A second elastic ring 6022 is disposed between adjacent second connecting rings 6021. The center of the centrally located second connecting ring 6021 is connected by a second elastic disc. In this embodiment, a first connecting edge 6014 is constructed on the outer edge of the elastic spraying disc 601, and a second connecting edge 6023 is constructed on the outer edge of the elastic base disc 602. The first connecting edge 6014 and the second connecting edge 6023 are connected together by multiple connecting bolts. Two mounting ears 603 are symmetrically constructed on the outer edge of the elastic base disc 602, and both mounting ears 603 are connected to the assembly base 800. In this embodiment, the regulating mechanism 900 is controlled to drive the central delivery pipe 700 toward or away from the slope protection surface, thereby causing the central portion of the elastic spraying disc 600 to bulge toward or away from the slope protection, forming a trumpet-shaped configuration. The concrete slurry ejected from the elastic spraying disc 600 then disperses or converges, and then flows into the convex or concave surface of the slope protection. When the raised or recessed areas of the slope protection are not flat but rather have certain bends, wrinkles, or smooth shapes, the elastic spraying disc 600 is controlled to bulge or sink while the central delivery pipe 700 is controlled to tilt at a certain angle, so that the elastic spraying disc 600 has a tilted raised or recessed area. This allows the concrete slurry sprayed from the elastic spraying disc 600 to cover the raised or recessed areas of the slope protection, ensuring that the thickness of the concrete slurry on the slope protection surface is within a predetermined range. In other words, when normal adjustment cannot cover the entire outer surface of the raised or recessed areas of the slope protection, the central delivery pipe 700 needs to be adjusted to a tilted position.

[0058] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 16 、 20 As shown, the adjustment mechanism 900 includes a plurality of oblique drive members 901, which are evenly arranged along the circumference of the central delivery tube 700. The oblique drive members 901 are generally electric cylinders or pneumatic cylinders. The central delivery tube 700 of this embodiment includes a tubular body 701. A connecting joint 906 is constructed on the outer circumference of the end of the tubular body 701 away from the elastic spraying disk 600, and a movable sleeve 905 is movably mounted outside the connecting joint 906. A connecting spring 904 is constructed at one end of the oblique drive member 901, and this end of the oblique drive member 901 is hingedly connected to the movable sleeve 905. The other end of the oblique drive member 901 is hingedly connected to the assembly seat 800. Specifically, a joint ball head 902 is constructed at the end of the oblique drive member 901 away from the movable sleeve 905, and a joint bowl seat 903 is mounted on the assembly seat 800. The joint ball head 902 is movably mounted within the joint bowl seat 903. This embodiment controls the movement of one or more oblique driving members 901 so that the oblique driving members 901 drive the central conveying pipe 700 to move toward or away from the slope surface, or to move obliquely, thereby adjusting the shape of the elastic spraying disk 600 to change the spraying angle, range and other parameters of the concrete slurry.

[0059] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 20 As shown, the assembly seat 800 includes a seat-shaped body 801, on which a fixing portion 802 and a transition portion 803 are constructed. The fixing portion 802 is detachably connected to the vehicle-mounted mechanical arm, and the transition portion 803 is detachably connected to the two mounting ears 603 mentioned above.

[0060] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2-15 As shown, the form-fitting anchoring device includes a mounting base 100, a drilling mechanism 200, a rope laying mechanism 300, and an anchoring mechanism 500. The mounting base 100 is detachably mounted on a vehicle-mounted robotic arm. The drilling mechanism 200, the rope laying mechanism 300, and the anchoring mechanism 500 are sequentially arranged on the mounting base 100 along the laying direction of the wire rope 400. The drilling mechanism 200 drills an anchor hole in the slope, the rope laying mechanism 300 pulls the wire rope 400 to the opening of the anchor hole, and the anchoring mechanism 500 anchors the wire rope 400 in the anchor hole through an anchor. As the anchoring mechanism 500 leaves the anchor hole, the adhesive gradually fills the anchor hole. In this embodiment, the form-fitting anchoring device anchors the wire rope 400 in sections, making the connection between the wire rope 400 and the slope protection more stable and strengthening the connection strength between the form-fitting protective net formed by the wire rope 400 and the slope protection.

[0061] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 、 5As shown, the mounting base 100 includes a longitudinal base 101 with a guide rail 102 perpendicular to the base 101, extending toward the slope protection surface. A fixing lug 103 is located at the end of the guide rail 102, away from the slope protection. This fixing lug 103 is removably connected to the vehicle-mounted robotic arm. A guide opening 104 is formed in the longitudinal base 101 at the anchor mechanism 500 to facilitate operation of the anchor mechanism 500.

[0062] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, the drilling mechanism 200 includes a drive motor 202, a drill rod 203, and a first hydraulic cylinder 204. A sliding seat 201 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 102. The sliding seat 201 can slide toward the slope surface under the drive of an external force. The drive motor 202 of this embodiment is mounted on the sliding seat 201, the drill rod 203 is coaxially mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor 202, and the first hydraulic cylinder 204 is mounted on the end of the guide rail 102 away from the slope surface. The cylinder rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 204 is connected to the drive motor 202 or the sliding seat 201. In the process of controlling the movement of the drive motor 202, this embodiment controls the first hydraulic cylinder 204 to push the drive motor 202 or the sliding seat 201, so that the drill rod 203 drills the anchor hole in the slope protection.

[0063] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 、 6As shown, the rope laying mechanism 300 includes a reel 301, a ratchet 303, a pawl 304, a rope pressing assembly 306, and multiple rope guide pulleys 305. The reel 301 is coaxially mounted on a mounting shaft 302, which is rotatably connected to the mounting base 100. The wire rope 400 is reeled onto the reel 301. The ratchet 303 is coaxially mounted on the mounting shaft 302, and the pawl 304 is elastically connected to the mounting base 100. The ratchet 303 and pawl 304 cooperate to ensure that the reel 301 can stably and unidirectionally unwind the wire rope 400. The plurality of guide pulleys 305 described in this embodiment are installed on the mounting base 100 at intervals along the laying direction of the wire rope 400. The rope pressing assembly 306 is installed at the end of the mounting base 100 away from the drilling mechanism 200. One end of the wire rope 400 is discharged from the reel 301 and passes through each guide pulley 305 and the rope pressing assembly 306 in sequence. During the anchoring process, the rope pressing assembly 306 presses the corresponding part of the wire rope 400. The specific structure of the rope pressing assembly 306 in this embodiment is as follows: the rope pressing assembly 306 includes a rope pressing wheel 3061, a movable seat 3062 and a second hydraulic cylinder 3063. The rope pressing wheel 3061 is rotatably connected to the movable seat 3062. The rope pressing wheel 3061 is a rubber wheel that elastically deforms when it contacts the slope protection surface, so as to press the wire rope 400 against the slope protection with an irregular surface. The output end of the second hydraulic cylinder 3063 is connected to the movable seat 3062. The cylinder body of the second hydraulic cylinder 3063 is connected to the guide seat 503 described below. The second hydraulic cylinder 3063 can drive the movable seat 3062 to move closer to or away from the slope protection, so that the rope-pressing wheel 3061 presses the corresponding part of the wire rope 400 against the slope protection surface or releases the pressure on the wire rope 400. When anchoring the wire rope 400, the rope-pressing assembly 306 presses the wire rope 400, and then controls the anchoring mechanism 500 to anchor the corresponding part of the wire rope 400 in the anchor hole. During the anchoring process, the reel 301 gradually unwinds the wire rope 400, allowing the wire rope 400 to extend into the bottom of the anchor hole.

[0064] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 7-15As shown, the anchoring mechanism 500 includes a accommodating tube 501, a material-lifting assembly, a material-pushing assembly, a guide seat 503, an elastic opening and closing door, and a top rope anchoring assembly. Among them, two connecting ears 502 are symmetrically installed at one end of the accommodating tube 501 close to the mounting seat 100, and these two connecting ears 502 are detachably connected to the mounting seat 100. A plurality of anchors are contained in the accommodating tube 501, and these anchors are arranged in a stacked manner. The material-lifting assembly is installed at the end of the accommodating tube 501 away from the slope surface, and the material-lifting direction of the material-lifting assembly is consistent with the length direction of the accommodating tube 501, that is, consistent with the stacking direction of the anchors. The material-pushing assembly is arranged at the end of the accommodating tube 501 close to the slope surface, and the guide seat 503 is installed on the accommodating tube 501. The guide seat 503 extends along the laying direction of the wire rope 400, and the material-pushing direction of the material-pushing assembly is consistent with the extension direction of the guide seat 503. The elastic opening and closing door is mounted on the end of the guide seat 503 away from the accommodating tube 501, and the top rope anchoring assembly is arranged on the side of the elastic opening and closing door away from the slope. The lifting assembly of this embodiment includes a lifting electric cylinder 508, which is detachably connected to the outer wall of the accommodating tube 501 via an adapter plate 509. A lifting block 510 is mounted on the cylinder rod of the lifting electric cylinder 508. The lifting block 510 extends into the accommodating tube 501 from the end of the accommodating tube 501 away from the guide seat 503. By controlling the action of the lifting electric cylinder 508, it drives the lifting block 510 to transport the stacked anchors toward the guide seat 503, so that the anchors close to the guide seat 503 are transferred to a state of contact with the guide seat 503, so that the pushing mechanism can supply them to the elastic opening and closing door. The push mechanism of this embodiment includes a push cylinder 511, with a push plate 512 mounted on the cylinder rod of the push cylinder 511. The push plate 512 pushes the anchor member out of the accommodating cylinder 501. The elastic opening and closing door of this embodiment includes two plate-shaped door bodies 505 arranged on opposite sides of a guide seat 503. A passage 516 is formed between the two plate-shaped door bodies 505 to facilitate the passage of the top joint 519 described below. The end of each plate-shaped door body 505 away from the passage 516 is pivotally connected to the guide seat 503 via a pivot shaft 504. A torsion spring 506 is mounted on the pivot shaft 504 to facilitate the return of the plate-shaped door body 505. A limit bar 507 is constructed on the end surface of the plate-shaped door body 505 that is close to each other and close to the slope protection surface. When the plate-shaped door body 505 is flush with the guide seat 503, the limit bar 507 abuts against the guide seat 503. The top rope anchoring assembly of this embodiment includes a third hydraulic cylinder 517, which is connected to the outer wall of the accommodating tube 501 through a connecting beam 518. A top joint 519 is installed on the cylinder rod of the third hydraulic cylinder 517, and the surface of the top joint 519 in contact with the anchor is adapted to the shape of the plate-like body 513 described below.A glue injection cavity is formed in the top joint 519, a glue injection channel connected to the glue injection cavity is opened in the cylinder rod of the third hydraulic oil cylinder 517, a glue injection hard pipe 521 is connected to the cylinder rod of the third hydraulic oil cylinder 517, and a glue injection hose 522 is connected to the end of the glue injection hard pipe 521 away from the top joint 519, and a plurality of glue injection holes 520 are opened on the end face of the top joint 519 facing the slope protection, and these glue injection holes 520 are all connected to the glue injection cavity. The adhesive passes through the glue injection hose 522, the glue injection hard pipe 521, the glue injection channel, the glue injection cavity and the glue injection holes 520 in sequence, and then enters the anchor hole until the anchor hole is filled, so that the wire rope 400 fixed by the anchor is firmly bonded to the anchor hole. In this embodiment, the anchor and the portion of the steel wire rope 400 constrained by the anchor are guided into the anchor hole through an elastic opening and closing door by means of a top rope anchoring assembly. During the passage through the elastic opening and closing door, the two plate-shaped door bodies 505 of the elastic opening and closing door are pressed open by the two sides of the anchor, allowing the anchor and the steel wire rope 400 to smoothly enter the anchor hole. In order to prevent the anchor from being deflected or separated from the guide seat 503 when being pushed by the pushing mechanism, limiting edges 515 are symmetrically fixed on the mutually adjacent sides of the two side walls of the guide seat 503. Each limiting edge 515 extends along the length of the guide seat 503. When the anchor is pushed on the guide seat 503, the two sides of the anchor are constrained by the two limiting edges 515 to prevent the anchor from leaving the guide seat 503.

[0065] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 12 As shown, the anchor includes a plate-like body 513 with a raised center portion and a restraining groove formed in the raised portion. As the anchor is gradually pushed into the anchor hole, the corresponding portion of the wire rope 400 remains within the restraining groove. In this embodiment, a plurality of anchor claws 514 are constructed on two opposing sides of the plate-like body 513. As the anchor is pushed into the anchor hole by the top rope anchoring assembly, the anchor claws 514 come into contact with the inner wall of the anchor hole, are bent and deformed, and are anchored within the anchor hole. The anchor claws 514 firmly grasp the inner wall of the anchor hole, thereby preventing the anchor and the wire rope 400 restrained by the anchor from escaping the anchor hole.

[0066] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art will be able to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or substitute equivalents for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic support method for layered cover soil-weathered rock binary slope, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1. Scan the slope surface and take interval samples of rock and soil. Perform rock mass tests on the samples to obtain the physical and mechanical parameters of the rock and soil. Step 2. Establish a slope model and conduct stability analysis; Step 3. Use an adjustable spraying device to spray the slope surface. After the concrete slurry solidifies, a basic protective layer is formed on the slope surface. Step 4. Using a conformable anchoring device, multiple steel cables are cross-attached to the surface of the foundation protective layer in accordance with the shape of the slope, and these steel cables form a conformable protective net, each of the steel cables having multiple anchoring points along its length, each of the anchoring points being anchored within the slope; Step 5. Based on the slope model, use a drilling machine to drill holes at intervals in the target area of ​​the slope and insert the grouting pipe into the drilled holes; Step 6. The concrete slurry is pressurized and injected into the borehole through the grouting pipe, and the concrete slurry penetrates into the inner wall of the slope through the cracks in the rock mass; The adjustable spraying device includes an assembly seat mounted on a vehicle-mounted mechanical arm, an elastic spraying disc is mounted on the assembly seat and at one end facing the slope surface, a central delivery pipe is connected to the center of the elastic spraying disc, and an adjustment mechanism is provided between the central delivery pipe and the assembly seat; The elastic spraying disc includes a detachably connected elastic spraying disc body and an elastic base disc body, a spraying cavity is formed between the two, the elastic base disc body is detachably connected to the assembly seat, one end of the central delivery pipe is respectively fixedly connected to the elastic spraying disc body and the elastic base disc body, and a plurality of conducting holes are opened on the portion of the central delivery pipe located in the spraying cavity; The form-fitting anchoring device includes a mounting base that is detachably mounted on a vehicle-mounted robotic arm. A drilling mechanism, a rope laying mechanism, and an anchoring mechanism are sequentially arranged on the mounting base along the laying direction of the wire rope. The drilling mechanism drills an anchor hole in the slope. The rope laying mechanism pulls the wire rope to the opening of the anchor hole. The anchoring mechanism anchors the wire rope in the anchor hole through an anchoring piece. When the anchoring mechanism leaves the anchor hole, the adhesive gradually fills the anchor hole. The anchoring mechanism includes a accommodating cylinder installed on a mounting seat and containing a plurality of stacked anchor pieces, a pushing assembly is installed at the end of the accommodating cylinder away from the slope surface, the pushing direction of the pushing assembly is consistent with the length direction of the accommodating cylinder, a pushing assembly is provided at the end of the accommodating cylinder close to the slope surface, a guide seat extending along the laying direction of the wire rope is installed on the accommodating cylinder, the pushing direction of the pushing assembly is consistent with the extension direction of the guide seat, an elastic opening and closing door is installed at the end of the guide seat away from the accommodating cylinder, and a top rope anchoring assembly is provided on the side of the elastic opening and closing door away from the slope; the anchor piece includes a plate-like body with a limiting groove, and a plurality of anchoring claws are respectively constructed on two opposite sides of the plate-like body. In the process of the anchor piece being pushed into the anchor hole by the top rope anchoring assembly, the anchor claw contacts the inner wall of the anchor hole and is bent and deformed to be anchored in the anchor hole.

2. The dynamic support method for layered cover soil-weathered rock dual slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: Between step 4 and step 5, a secondary spraying operation is performed on the slope surface to form a secondary protection layer outside the basic protection layer, and the conformal protection net is located between the basic protection layer and the secondary protection layer.

3. The dynamic support method for layered cover soil-weathered rock dual slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism includes a plurality of oblique driving members evenly arranged along the circumference of the central conveying pipe, one end of each oblique driving member is hinged to the movable sleeve, and the other end of the oblique driving member is hinged to the assembly seat, and the movable sleeve is movably mounted on the connecting joint on the central conveying pipe.

4. The dynamic support method for layered cover soil-weathered rock dual slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drilling mechanism includes a driving motor and a drill rod. A guide rail is constructed on the mounting seat. A sliding seat that can slide toward the slope surface is slidably mounted on the guide rail. The driving motor is mounted on the sliding seat. The drill rod is coaxially mounted on the output shaft of the driving motor. A first hydraulic cylinder is installed at the end of the guide rail away from the slope surface. The cylinder rod of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the driving motor or the sliding seat.

5. The dynamic support method for layered cover soil-weathered rock dual slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rope laying mechanism includes a winding drum rotatably connected to the mounting seat through a mounting shaft, the wire rope is wound on the winding drum, a ratchet is installed on the mounting shaft, and a pawl is installed on the mounting seat. The ratchet and pawl cooperate with each other, and a plurality of guide pulleys are installed on the mounting seat at intervals along the laying direction of the wire rope. A rope pressing assembly is installed at the end of the mounting seat away from the drilling mechanism. One end of the wire rope comes out from the winding drum, passes through each guide pulley and the rope pressing assembly in turn, and during the anchoring process, the rope pressing assembly presses the corresponding part of the wire rope.

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