Tunnel double-layer arch support structure
Through the design of the double-layer arch structure, the use of detachable components and adjustment components to enhance the fit between the curved plate and the tunnel wall, solving the adaptability and safety issues of traditional arch structures, achieving better protective effects and construction efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510631659.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-16
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-04
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
The traditional single-layer arch support structure is difficult to adapt to tunnels of different sizes, and it is easy to cause the top layer of rock and soil to fall off in loose rock and soil environments, affecting construction safety.
The double-layer arch structure is adopted, including removable components, side rod components and adjustment components. By changing the angle of the curved plate and setting the retractable curved sheet and buffering components, it enhances the fit with the tunnel wall, reduces gaps and provides buffering protection.
It improves the protection effect of the inner wall of the tunnel, reduces the fall of the rock and soil, improves construction safety, and speeds up the construction progress.
Smart Images
Figure CN120251267A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of tunnel support, and particularly to a double-layer arch support structure for tunnels. Background Art
[0002] During the tunnel construction process, arch support structures are commonly used in areas that require enhanced support, such as fault fracture zones, soft strata, etc. This structure mainly utilizes the mechanical properties of the arch shape, that is, it can convert the vertical load received into a thrust along the arch feet, thereby effectively dispersing and supporting the geotechnical pressure at the top of the tunnel and preventing the top-layer geotechnical from falling off.
[0003] Traditional single-layer arch support structures are usually made of steel materials and formed into an integral structure by welding. This makes it inconvenient to adjust the arc angle at the top end of the arch support, resulting in the inability of the arch support structure to adapt to arched tunnels of different sizes. In addition, due to the complex structure of the top-layer geotechnical inside the tunnel (for example: low rock hardness, loose rocks), the geotechnical on the top layer inside the tunnel is prone to falling off, affecting the personal safety of construction workers inside the tunnel.
[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides a double-layer arch support structure for tunnels. Summary of the Invention
[0005] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art and solve at least one technical problem proposed in the background art.
[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A double-layer arch support structure for tunnels, including a support frame, arc-shaped plates movably connected to the left and right sides of the support frame, and a support main body detachably connected to the bottom ends of the two arc-shaped plates; the support main body can be made of steel pipes.
[0007] A detachable component is slidably connected to the top end of each support main body, a telescopic side rod component is provided at the top end of each detachable component, the two side rod components are both connected to the left and right sides of the support frame, an adjustment component is arranged inside the support frame, and one end of each arc-shaped plate away from the support frame is rotatably connected to the side rod component; under the action of the side rod component and the adjustment component, the angle formed between the two arc-shaped plates can be changed, so that the arc-shaped plates can better fit the tunnel wall surface, reduce the gap between the arc-shaped plates and the tunnel wall surface, and further enable the arc-shaped plates to have a better protective effect on the loose tunnel geotechnical, reduce the falling off of the tunnel geotechnical, and further play a protective role for the construction workers inside the tunnel.
[0008] Each of the arc-shaped plates is provided with a telescopic arc-shaped piece, and each of the arc-shaped plates is provided with a buffer assembly; the arc-shaped plate and the arc-shaped piece have a certain elastic deformation function. Through the arc-shaped piece, the arc-shaped plate forms a double-layer protection structure, and together with the buffer assembly, it plays a buffering role between the arc-shaped plate and the arc-shaped piece, thereby improving the protection effect on the inner wall of the tunnel.
[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the detachable assembly includes a first groove, a second groove, an insertion block and a connection block; A first groove is formed inside the bracket main body, a second groove is formed inside the bracket main body, the first groove is communicated with the second groove, the inner walls of both sides of the first groove are attached with insertion blocks, the top of the insertion block is connected with a connection block, and the top of the connection block is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the side rod assembly; the insertion block is inserted downward along the second groove, and can rotate after entering the first groove, so that the side rod assembly and the bracket main body can be quickly disassembled and connected, thereby accelerating the speed of construction workers during laying.
[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, an external thread groove is provided on the outer wall of each connection block, and an internal thread groove is provided in the middle of each second groove; through the cooperation of the internal and external thread grooves, the connection between the side rod assembly and the bracket main body is made more stable.
[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the adjustment assembly includes a movable groove, a motor, a screw rod and a lifting block; A movable groove is formed inside the support frame, the upper and lower ends of the screw rod are rotatably connected inside the support frame, a motor is connected inside the movable groove, the output end of the motor is sleeved on the top end of the screw rod, the outer wall of the screw rod is threadedly connected with a lifting block, the outer wall of the lifting block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the movable groove, and the upper ends of the two arc-shaped plates are rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the lifting block; by driving the screw rod to rotate by the motor, the screw rod drives the lifting block to lift inside the movable groove, and then drives the ends of the arc-shaped plates at the left and right ends of the lifting block to move downward, cooperating with the side rod assembly to change the angle of the arc-shaped plate, so that the arc-shaped pieces on the outer wall of the arc-shaped plate can fit the inner wall of the tunnel more closely, thereby reducing the falling off of soil and gravel on the inner wall of the tunnel, and thus playing a better protection role.
[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the side rod assembly includes a connecting plate, a movable plate, a reverse screw rod and a transmission member; Two symmetrically arranged connecting plates are connected to the outer wall of the support frame. An movable plate is slidably connected inside each connecting plate. The bottom end of the movable plate is rotatably connected to the top end of the connecting block. A reverse lead screw is connected inside the movable plate by means of a thread. The reverse lead screw is rotatably connected inside the support frame. By driving the reverse lead screw to rotate inside the support frame through a transmission member, and by the rotation of the reverse lead screw, the two movable plates on the reverse lead screw move synchronously in opposite directions, so that the outer wall of the movable plate slides inside the connecting plate. The upper end of the movable plate drives the lower end of the arc-shaped plate to move horizontally, and the lower end of the movable plate drives the main body of the support to move horizontally, thereby changing the angle of the arc-shaped plate until the outer wall of the arc-shaped piece on the arc-shaped plate fits against the inner wall of the tunnel, then the driving motor can be stopped.
[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the transmission member includes a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear; The bottom end of the screw rod is connected with a first bevel gear. The outer wall of the first bevel gear is engaged with a second bevel gear. The second bevel gear is connected to the outer wall of the reverse lead screw. By the rotation of the screw rod and under the action of the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear, the reverse lead screw can be driven to rotate, so that the angle adjustment of the arc-shaped plate can be realized.
[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the buffer assembly includes a fixed tube, a movable tube and a spring; Multiple groups of fixed tubes are connected to the outer wall of the arc-shaped plate. A movable tube is slidably connected inside each fixed tube. The top end of each movable tube is connected to the arc-shaped piece. A spring is connected to the outer wall of each movable tube. The other end of each spring is connected to the inner wall of the fixed tube. Under the elastic action of the spring, the movable tube can be driven to move upward inside the fixed tube, so that the movable tube jacks up the arc-shaped piece, enabling the arc-shaped piece to closely fit against the inner wall of the tunnel.
[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the inside of the arc-shaped plate is hollow. An air pump is connected to the arc-shaped plate, and the port of the air pump is communicated with the inside of the arc-shaped plate; a one-way valve is arranged at the port of the inside of the arc-shaped plate and the air pump. An air release port is threadedly connected to the bottom end of the arc-shaped plate. Through the setting of the one-way valve, the loss of gas inside the arc-shaped plate can be avoided. By closing the air release port, the gas inside the arc-shaped plate is discharged. By the air pump introducing air into the inside of the arc-shaped plate, the gas enters the inside of the fixed tube through the arc-shaped plate until the inside of the arc-shaped plate, the fixed tube and the movable tube are filled, thereby strengthening the jacking effect of the spring and further enhancing the degree of fitting between the arc-shaped piece and the inner wall of the tunnel.
[0016] In summary, 1. Under the action of the side rod assembly and the adjustment assembly, the angle formed between the two arc-shaped plates can be changed, enabling the arc-shaped piece to better fit the tunnel wall surface, reducing the gap between the arc-shaped plate and the tunnel wall surface, and further enabling the arc-shaped piece to provide a better protective effect on the loose tunnel rock and soil, reducing the shedding of the tunnel rock and soil, and further protecting the construction workers inside the tunnel; 2. By providing the arc-shaped piece, a double-layer arched support structure is formed by the arc-shaped plate, which can improve the support effect of a single arc-shaped plate. At the same time, in cooperation with the buffer assembly, it plays a buffering role between the arc-shaped plate and the arc-shaped piece, improving the overall protective effect on the tunnel; 3. By providing a detachable assembly, it is convenient for construction workers to disassemble and assemble the bracket main body and the side rod assembly, thereby accelerating the work progress of the construction workers. Description of the Drawings
[0017] Figure 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the detachable assembly in the present invention; Figure 3 is a partial schematic cross-sectional view of the structures of the side rod assembly, the support frame, and the adjustment assembly in the present invention; Figure 4 is a partial schematic cross-sectional view of the structures of the arc-shaped plate, the arc-shaped piece, and the buffer assembly in the present invention.
[0018] Description of the Reference Numerals: 1. Bracket main body; 2. Detachable assembly; 201. First groove; 202. Second groove; 203. Insert block; 204. Connecting block; 3. Side rod assembly; 301. Connecting plate; 302. Movable plate; 303. Reverse screw rod; 304. First bevel gear; 305. Second bevel gear; 4. Support frame; 5. Adjustment assembly; 501. Movable groove; 502. Motor; 503. Screw rod; 504. Lifting block; 6. Arc-shaped plate; 7. Arc-shaped piece; 8. Buffer assembly; 801. Air pump; 802. Fixed pipe; 803. Movable pipe; 804. Spring. Detailed Embodiments
[0019] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0020] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , and Figure 4, the present invention provides a technical solution: a double - arch support structure for a tunnel, including a support frame 4, arc - shaped plates 6 movably connected to the left and right sides of the support frame 4, and a support body 1 detachably connected to the bottom ends of the two arc - shaped plates 6; the support body 1 can be made of steel pipes. During construction, an electric drill can be used to drill grooves on the tunnel surrounding rock that match the support body 1, then the support body 1 is placed inside the grooves, and grouting material is used for grouting and fixing to complete the installation of the support body 1; or the support body 1 can be connected to the tunnel surrounding rock or pre - set anchor bolts through bolts and nuts to complete the installation of the support body 1.
[0021] A detachable component 2 is slidably connected to the top end of each support body 1, a telescopic side - rod component 3 is arranged at the top end of each detachable component 2, both side - rod components 3 are connected to the left and right sides of the support frame 4, an adjustment component 5 is arranged inside the support frame 4, and one end of each arc - shaped plate 6 away from the support frame 4 is rotatably connected to the side - rod component 3; under the action of the side - rod component 3 and the adjustment component 5, the angle formed between the two arc - shaped plates 6 can be changed, enabling the arc - shaped piece 7 to better fit the tunnel wall surface, reducing the gap between the arc - shaped plate 6 and the tunnel wall surface, thereby enabling the arc - shaped piece 7 to have a better protective effect on the loose tunnel rock and soil, reducing the shedding of the tunnel rock and soil, and further protecting the construction workers inside the tunnel.
[0022] A telescopic arc - shaped piece 7 is arranged on each arc - shaped plate 6, and a buffer component 8 is arranged on each arc - shaped plate 6; the arc - shaped plate 6 and the arc - shaped piece 7 have certain elastic deformation functions. Through the arc - shaped piece 7, the arc - shaped plate 6 forms a double - layer protection structure, and in cooperation with the buffer component 8, it plays a buffering role between the arc - shaped plate 6 and the arc - shaped piece 7, thereby improving the protective effect on the inner wall of the tunnel.
[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the detachable component 2 includes a first groove 201, a second groove 202, an insertion block 203, and a connection block 204; A first groove 201 is formed inside the support body 1, a second groove 202 is formed inside the support body 1, the first groove 201 is communicated with the second groove 202, the inner walls of both sides of the first groove 201 are attached to the insertion block 203, the insertion block 203 can rotate inside the first groove 201, the top end of the insertion block 203 is connected to the connection block 204, and the top end of the connection block 204 is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the side - rod component 3; the insertion block 203 is inserted downward along the second groove 202, and after the insertion block 203 enters the first groove 201, it can rotate, so that the side - rod component 3 and the support body 1 can be quickly disassembled and connected, thereby accelerating the speed of construction workers during laying.
[0024] In a preferred embodiment, external thread grooves are provided on the outer walls of each connecting block 204, and internal thread grooves are provided in the middle of each second groove 202; through the cooperation of the internal and external thread grooves, the side rod assembly 3 is more stably connected to the support body 1.
[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the adjusting assembly 5 includes a movable groove 501, a motor 502, a screw rod 503, and a lifting block 504; A movable groove 501 is provided inside the support frame 4. The upper and lower ends of the screw rod 503 are rotatably connected inside the support frame 4. The motor 502 is connected inside the movable groove 501. The output end of the motor 502 is sleeved on the top end of the screw rod 503. A lifting block 504 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the screw rod 503. The outer wall of the lifting block 504 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the movable groove 501. The upper ends of the two arc-shaped plates 6 are rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the lifting block 504. By driving the screw rod 503 to rotate through the motor 502, the screw rod 503 drives the lifting block 504 to lift inside the movable groove 501, and then drives the ends of the arc-shaped plates 6 at the left and right ends of the lifting block 504 to move downward. Cooperating with the side rod assembly 3, the angle of the arc-shaped plate 6 is changed, so that the arc-shaped pieces 7 on the outer wall of the arc-shaped plate 6 can better fit the inner wall of the tunnel, thereby reducing the falling off of soil and gravel on the inner wall of the tunnel, and thus playing a better protective role.
[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the side rod assembly 3 includes a connecting plate 301, a movable plate 302, a reverse screw rod 303, and a transmission member; Two symmetrically arranged connecting plates 301 are connected to the outer wall of the support frame 4. A movable plate 302 is slidably connected inside each connecting plate 301. The bottom end of the movable plate 302 is rotatably connected to the top end of the connecting block 204. The reverse screw rod 303 is threadedly connected inside the movable plate 302. The reverse screw rod 303 is rotatably connected inside the support frame 4. By driving the reverse screw rod 303 to rotate through the transmission member, the two movable plates 302 on the reverse screw rod 303 move synchronously and reversely through the rotation of the reverse screw rod 303, so that the outer wall of the movable plate 302 slides inside the connecting plate 301. The upper end of the movable plate 302 drives the lower end of the arc-shaped plate 6 to move horizontally, and the lower end of the movable plate 302 drives the support body 1 to move horizontally, so that the angle of the arc-shaped plate 6 changes until the outer wall of the arc-shaped piece 7 on the arc-shaped plate 6 fits the inner wall of the tunnel, and then the driving motor 502 can be stopped.
[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the transmission member includes a first bevel gear 304 and a second bevel gear 305; The bottom end of the screw rod 503 is connected to a first bevel gear 304, and the outer wall of the first bevel gear 304 meshes with a second bevel gear 305. The second bevel gear 305 is connected to the outer wall of the reverse lead screw 303. When the screw rod 503 rotates, it can drive the reverse lead screw 303 to rotate under the action of the first bevel gear 304 and the second bevel gear 305, so as to realize the angle adjustment of the arc plate 6.
[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the buffer assembly 8 includes a fixed tube 802, a movable tube 803 and a spring 804. Multiple groups of fixed tubes 802 are connected to the outer wall of the arc plate 6. A movable tube 803 is slidably connected inside each fixed tube 802. The top end of each movable tube 803 is connected to the arc-shaped piece 7. A spring 804 is connected to the outer wall of each movable tube 803, and the other end of each spring 804 is connected to the inner wall of the fixed tube 802. Under the elastic action of the spring 804, it can drive the movable tube 803 to move upward inside the fixed tube 802, so as to lift the arc-shaped piece 7 and make the arc-shaped piece 7 closely fit the inner wall of the tunnel.
[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the inside of the arc plate 6 is hollow. An air pump 801 is connected to the arc plate 6, and the port of the air pump 801 communicates with the inside of the arc plate 6. A one-way valve is arranged at the port of the air pump 801 and the inside of the arc plate 6. The air outlet is threadedly connected to the bottom end of the arc plate 6. Through the setting of the one-way valve, the loss of gas inside the arc plate 6 can be avoided. By closing the air outlet, the gas inside the arc plate 6 is discharged. By introducing air into the inside of the arc plate 6 through the air pump 801, the gas enters the inside of the fixed tube 802 through the arc plate 6 until the inside of the arc plate 6, the fixed tube 802 and the movable tube 803 are filled, thereby strengthening the lifting effect of the spring 804 and further enhancing the fitting degree between the arc-shaped piece 7 and the inner wall of the tunnel.
[0030] Working principle: Insert the insertion block 203 into the second groove 202 and move it downward until the bottom end of the insertion block 203 fits against the inner wall of the first groove 201. Then rotate the connecting block 204 to drive the insertion block 203 to rotate synchronously. Under the action of the thread groove, connect the connecting block 204 to the inside of the second groove 202, thereby connecting the bracket main body 1 and the movable plate 302. Drive the screw 503 to rotate through the motor 502, so that the screw 503 drives the lifting block 504 to lift inside the movable slot 501, and then drives the ends of the arc plates 6 at the left and right ends of the lifting block 504 to move downward. Drive the first bevel gear 304 to rotate synchronously through the rotation of the screw 503, make the second bevel gear 305 meshed with the first bevel gear 304 rotate, and then drive the reverse lead screw 303 to rotate inside the support frame 4. Through the rotation of the reverse lead screw 303, make the two movable plates 302 on the reverse lead screw 303 move synchronously in the opposite direction, make the outer wall of the movable plate 302 slide inside the connecting plate 301, the upper end of the movable plate 302 drives the lower end of the arc plate 6 to move horizontally, and the lower end of the movable plate 302 drives the bracket main body 1 to move horizontally, so that the angle of the arc plate 6 changes until the outer wall of the arc piece 7 on the arc plate 6 fits against the inner wall of the tunnel, then stop driving the motor 502; Under the elastic action of a plurality of springs 804, it can drive the movable tube 803 to move upward inside the fixed tube 802, so that the movable tube 803 jacks up the arc piece 7, so that the arc piece 7 can closely fit against the inner wall of the tunnel. Inflate the inside of the arc plate 6 through the air pump 801, so that the gas enters the inside of the fixed tube 802 through the arc plate 6 until the inside of the arc plate 6, the fixed tube 802 and the movable tube 803 are filled, and then strengthen the jacking effect of the spring 804 and further enhance the fitting degree between the arc piece 7 and the inner wall of the tunnel.
[0031] The above is the working process of the entire device, and the content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art well known to those skilled in the art.
[0032] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirits of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A double - layer arch support structure for a tunnel, comprising: A support frame (4), arc-shaped plates (6) movably connected to the left and right sides of the support frame (4), and a bracket main body (1) detachably connected to the bottoms of the two arc-shaped plates (6); characterized in that: A detachable component (2) is slidably connected to the top end of each bracket main body (1), a telescopic side rod component (3) is arranged at the top end of each detachable component (2), the two side rod components (3) are both connected to the left and right sides of the support frame (4), an adjusting component (5) is arranged inside the support frame (4), and one end of each arc-shaped plate (6) away from the support frame (4) is rotatably connected to the side rod component (3); A telescopic arc-shaped piece (7) is arranged on each arc-shaped plate (6), and a buffer component (8) is arranged on each arc-shaped plate (6).
2. The double-layer arch support structure for a tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detachable component (2) includes a first groove (201), a second groove (202), an insertion block (203), and a connection block (204); A first groove (201) is opened inside the bracket main body (1), a second groove (202) is opened inside the bracket main body (1), the first groove (201) is communicated with the second groove (202), the inner walls of both sides of the first groove (201) are attached to the insertion block (203), the top end of the insertion block (203) is connected to the connection block (204), and the top end of the connection block (204) is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the side rod component (3).
3. A double-layer arch support structure for a tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that, An external thread groove is arranged on the outer wall of each connection block (204), and an internal thread groove is arranged in the middle of each second groove (202).
4. A double-layer arch support structure for a tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjusting component (5) includes a movable groove (501), a motor (502), a screw rod (503), and a lifting block (504); A movable groove (501) is opened inside the support frame (4), the upper and lower ends of the screw rod (503) are rotatably connected inside the support frame (4), a motor (502) is connected inside the movable groove (501), the output end of the motor (502) is sleeved on the top end of the screw rod (503), the outer wall of the screw rod (503) is threadedly connected to the lifting block (504), the outer wall of the lifting block (504) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the movable groove (501), and the upper ends of the two arc-shaped plates (6) are rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the lifting block (504).
5. The double-layer arch support structure for a tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that The side rod component (3) includes a connecting plate (301), a movable plate (302), a reverse lead screw (303), and a transmission member; Two symmetrically arranged connecting plates (301) are connected to the outer wall of the support frame (4), a movable plate (302) is slidably connected inside each connecting plate (301), the bottom end of the movable plate (302) is rotatably connected to the top end of the connection block (204), the reverse lead screw (303) is threadedly connected inside the movable plate (302), and the reverse lead screw (303) is rotatably connected inside the support frame (4).
6. The double-layer arch support structure for a tunnel according to claim 5, characterized in that, The transmission member includes a first bevel gear (304) and a second bevel gear (305); The bottom end of the screw rod (503) is connected with a first bevel gear (304), the outer wall of the first bevel gear (304) is meshed with a second bevel gear (305), and the second bevel gear (305) is connected to the outer wall of the reverse lead screw (303).
7. The double-layer arch support structure for a tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that The buffer assembly (8) includes a fixed tube (802), a movable tube (803) and a spring (804); A plurality of fixed tubes (802) are connected to the outer wall of the arc-shaped plate (6). A movable tube (803) is slidably connected inside each fixed tube (802). The top end of each movable tube (803) is connected to the arc-shaped piece (7). A spring (804) is connected to the outer wall of each movable tube (803), and the other end of each spring (804) is connected to the inner wall of the fixed tube (802).
8. A double-layer arch support structure for a tunnel according to claim 7, characterized in that, The inside of the arc-shaped plate (6) is hollow, and an air pump (801) is connected to the arc-shaped plate (6), and the port of the air pump (801) is communicated with the inside of the arc-shaped plate (6).