Liquid flow shock wave generator

Abstract

The invention discloses a liquid flow shock wave generator, which relates to the technical field of shock wave generators and comprises a shock wave generator main body and a shock wave generator body so as to form a high-pressure air chamber and a blasting cavity which are communicated in series; the interior of the blasting cavity is divided into a gas cavity and a liquid cavity through a diaphragm; the shock wave generator body and the shock wave generator body are separated between the air cavity and the liquid cavity so that the diaphragm can be conveniently installed on the large circle end face of the air cavity hemisphere. The high-pressure air chamber is internally provided with a first fluid channel for receiving external inflating and deflating air, and is also provided with a throat pipe of a first Laval nozzle which is communicated with the air cavity and is firstly converged and then expanded; the liquid cavity is provided with a second fluid channel for receiving external high-pressure fluid and a conical nozzle facing the valve element, when the high-pressure fluid of the conical nozzle is suddenly decompressed, gas on the other side of the diaphragm is rapidly expanded, and gas in the high-pressure gas chamber is triggered to be sprayed out of a throat pipe of the first Laval nozzle to form airflow shock waves. And the airflow shock wave pushes the high-pressure fluid in the liquid cavity through the diaphragm to expand outwards to form liquid flow shock wave through the second Laval nozzle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of shock wave generators, and particularly relates to a liquid flow shock wave generator. Background Art

[0002] The shock tube for emitting shock waves is usually a long cylindrical tube with both ends closed. It is divided into two sections by a diaphragm in the middle, and is filled with high-pressure driving gas and low-pressure driven gas that meet the simulation requirements respectively. After the diaphragm ruptures, the high-pressure gas expands, generating a shock wave that moves rapidly into the low-pressure gas at the right end, and an expansion wave that propagates to the left end. Due to the compression effect of the shock wave, the parameters of the experimental gas will change accordingly. For example, the pressure and temperature will increase significantly, so as to obtain the working conditions that meet the simulation requirements. Since the shock wave moves quite rapidly, the parameters of the experimental gas compressed by the shock wave can only remain unchanged for a short time, usually in the millisecond to microsecond range, and the corresponding flow also only remains constant for a short time. The gas shock wave flow obtained by the shock tube can only be used once, and the driven object can only be gas.

[0003] In order to accelerate the flow of the combustion gas from subsonic speed to supersonic speed, the nozzle of a rocket engine uses a Laval nozzle with a channel cross-sectional shape that first converges and then diverges, which consists of a converging section, a throat, and a diverging section. In the flow field of the Laval nozzle, the disturbance also propagates layer by layer from the disturbance source to the surrounding fluid. Its propagation speed is finite. Among them, sound waves, as a kind of weak disturbance wave or micro-amplitude wave, are a kind of small pressure disturbance, which propagates in the form of waves. The change in fluid pressure caused by it is very small, that is, the change in fluid pressure approaches zero, so that the flow parameters before and after the disturbance change slightly; while in supersonic flow, the weak disturbance is limited within the Mach cone, and the propagation range of the weak disturbance is limited and cannot spread throughout the entire flow field, especially cannot propagate upstream beyond the Mach cone. The Mach cone is a kind of shock wave front. A shock wave is a kind of strong disturbance wave, and the change in fluid pressure caused by its disturbance is finite but large enough to cause significant changes in the flow parameters in front of the shock wave front, such as an increase in pressure and an acceleration of the flow velocity. In the real flow of actual gas, the strong disturbance wave can only be a compression wave. Therefore, the shock wave existing in the diverging section of the Laval nozzle is a kind of supersonic flow and also a high-density compression wave.

[0004] There are two conditions for changing subsonic flow into supersonic flow: the first is the geometric necessary condition: having a Laval nozzle with a shape that first converges and then diverges; the second is the mechanical sufficient condition: the ambient pressure, that is, the back pressure, is less than a certain value. When these two conditions are met, if you want to control the occurrence of the shock wave in the diverging section of the Laval nozzle, you also need to control the expansion ratio formed by the outlet area of the nozzle and the throat area of the Laval nozzle.

[0005] Most of the research above focuses on the shock waves of airflows. For liquid flow shock waves such as water hammers, except for the Galileo water hammer pump, there are few other positive applications. In order to achieve a hydraulically pulsating flow for long-distance discrete transmission, or to measure the sound speed of a pulsating flow, there is an urgent need for a shock wave emission device that can act on liquids, especially viscous liquids, to provide a stable and reliable flow rate fluctuation or pressure fluctuation generator for measuring the sound speed in pipeline oil.

[0006] Since a shock wave is a discontinuous wave, its emission necessarily requires concentrating the energy of the shock wave onto a discretized moving part. The long-life dynamic seal between moving parts in a conventional high-pressure hydraulic system has always been a major problem in the industry. Even in the technology of motor pumps that integrate the motor and the pump, there are still problems such as excessive volume and non-discrete surge waves in the pump. Therefore, it is urgent to overcome the long-life sealing problem between moving parts and reduce the volume to innovate the shock wave emission device for liquids. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This application provides a liquid flow shock wave generator to solve the following technical problems: how to achieve a hydraulically pulsating flow for long-distance discrete transmission or provide a stable and reliable flow rate fluctuation or pressure fluctuation generator for measuring the sound speed in pipeline oil, and how to overcome the long-life sealing problem between moving parts and reduce the volume to achieve the stability and reliability of the shock wave emission device for liquids, so as to further enable the measurement of the sound speed of a pulsating flow and provide a stable and reliable basic equipment for the shock wave emission of viscous liquids.

[0008] The technical solution adopted in this application is as follows:

[0009] A liquid flow shock wave generator, comprising:

[0010] A shock wave generating body, including a shock wave generator main body and a shock wave generator body, so as to form a series-connected and communicating high-pressure gas chamber and a detonation chamber; the inside of the detonation chamber is separated into a gas chamber and a liquid chamber by a diaphragm; the shock wave generator body and the shock wave generator main body are separated between the gas chamber and the liquid chamber; the high-pressure gas chamber has a first fluid passage for receiving external gas charging and discharging, and a throat of a first Laval nozzle that converges first and then expands leading to the gas chamber; the liquid chamber has a second fluid passage for receiving external high-pressure fluid and a conical nozzle facing the valve core;

[0011] A valve core, the valve core is placed inside the shock wave generator body, the valve core has a rotation axis, and a plurality of injection channels corresponding to the conical nozzle are annularly arranged around the rotation axis;

[0012] Linear motor, including a drive ring formed by annularly arranging the stator of a rotary motor inside the shock generator body, and an annular magnetic strip formed by arranging the rotor of the rotary motor outside the valve core; the annular magnetic strip can drive the valve core to rotate or swing under the drive of the drive ring;

[0013] Cover plate, sealingly connected to the shock generator body; there is a shock channel in the cover plate corresponding to the conical nozzle through the injection channel; the conical nozzle, injection channel and shock channel form a second Laval nozzle;

[0014] When the high-pressure fluid at the conical nozzle suddenly decompresses, causing the gas on the other side of the diaphragm to expand rapidly, triggering the gas in the high-pressure gas chamber to eject a gas shock wave from the throat of the first Laval nozzle, and this gas shock wave pushes the high-pressure fluid in the liquid chamber through the diaphragm to bulge out a liquid shock wave through the second Laval nozzle;

[0015] The maximum circular area of the outlet of the shock channel and the minimum cross-sectional area of the multiple injection channels form a second Laval nozzle with the same or different expansion ratios, so as to control the occurrence of the liquid shock wave within the third expansion cone surface under different back pressures.

[0016] The high-pressure gas chamber is a rotating body, and one end thereof has a cavity with a hemispherical structure; the gas charging and discharging port of the high-pressure gas chamber is directly connected to the cavity of the hemispherical structure;

[0017] The first Laval nozzle that converges first and then expands leading to the gas chamber includes a first conical surface, a second conical surface in the high-pressure gas chamber, a throat connecting the high-pressure gas chamber and the gas chamber of the blast chamber, and a first expansion cone surface formed by tangentially connecting the throat to the spherical surface of the hemispherical cavity of the gas chamber; the rotary diameter dimension of the high-pressure gas chamber gradually decreases from the cross-section of the cavity of the hemispherical structure through the first conical surface to the second conical surface, so as to facilitate reducing the excessive wall adhesion resistance and the viscous influence of the boundary layer thickening with the flow length during gas flow; the second conical surface is connected to the throat; the rotary diameter dimension of the first expansion cone surface gradually increases from the throat to the gas chamber, thus forming the expansion section of the first Laval nozzle that converges first and then expands.

[0018] The volume of the cavity of the hemispherical structure of the high-pressure gas chamber is equal to the volume of the cavity body enclosed by the first conical surface and the second conical surface, so that the volume of the entire high-pressure gas chamber is equal to 2 times the volume of the hemispherical cavity of the high-pressure gas chamber; the volume of the hemispherical cavity of the gas chamber is not greater than the volume of the cavity of the hemispherical structure of the high-pressure gas chamber, so as to facilitate at least 2 / 3 of the expanding gas coming from the high-pressure gas chamber;

[0019] After a preset high-pressure gas is filled into the high-pressure gas chamber, the charging and discharging port is in a closed state, and the liquid chamber of the blast chamber is filled with high-pressure liquid, causing the diaphragm to bulge toward the gas chamber; when the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber is higher than the outlet pressure of the shock wave channel, when the spool is rotated or swung by the driving mechanism to connect the injection channel with the conical nozzle and the shock wave channel, the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber is ejected first, resulting in a sudden decrease in pressure at the diaphragm, causing the high-pressure gas in the gas chamber and the high-pressure gas chamber to expand and do work externally. The working airflow within at least 1 / 2 volume ratio of the hemisphere volume rushes toward the throat and is compressed inside the first conical surface and the second conical surface to form a continuously accelerating compressed airflow, which is then expanded and accelerated after passing through the throat and the first expansion conical surface, thereby forming an impact airflow shock wave on the diaphragm in the gas chamber. This impact airflow shock wave passes through the diaphragm and impacts the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber, causing the outflowing hydraulic oil to be compressed and accelerated through the contraction section. The accelerated hydraulic oil forms a liquid flow shock wave after passing through the second Laval nozzle.

[0020] One side of the gas chamber of the blast chamber has a semi-spherical surface. The liquid chamber of the blast chamber has a rotary structure. Along the direction of the rotation axis, a third conical surface and a fourth conical surface with gradually decreasing rotary diameters are sequentially connected from the cross-section where the diaphragm is located to the side away from the semi-spherical surface, so as to reduce the excessive wall adhesion viscous resistance and the viscous influence of the boundary layer thickening with the flow length during the oil flow; the injection channel has a Laval small throat structure composed of a small chamfer throat and a second expansion conical surface; by rotating the spool, the fourth conical surface can be correspondingly connected to the small chamfer throat in the injection channel, and the second expansion conical surface in the injection channel can be correspondingly connected to the third expansion conical surface provided in the shock wave channel, thereby forming a second Laval nozzle jointly composed of the third conical surface, the fourth conical surface, a contraction section with gradually decreasing inner diameter size, the small chamfer throat of the injection channel, and an expansion section with gradually increasing inner diameter size composed of the second expansion conical surface to the third expansion conical surface.

[0021] An installation groove is provided on the side of the shock wave generator body facing the cover plate, so that a cavity capable of accommodating the spool and the linear motor is formed between the cover plate and the shock wave generator; a first support groove is also provided in the shock wave generator body, and a second support groove corresponding to the first support groove is provided in the cover plate; one end of the spool rotation axis is supported in the first support groove through a bearing, and the other end of the rotation axis is supported in the second support groove through a bearing; thrust bearings are respectively provided between the end face of the spool and the end face of the shock wave generator body, and between the end face of the spool and the end face of the cover plate.

[0022] The driving ring of the linear motor is annularly arranged on the inner wall of the installation groove, and is coaxial with the spool rotation axis, and has a preset gap with the outer peripheral surface of the annular magnetic strip provided on the outer periphery of the spool; the measurement and control wire harness of the driving ring can extend into the installation groove through the shock wave generator body and be connected to the driving ring, and the driving ring is controlled to drive the annular magnetic strip to drive the spool to rotate or swing.

[0023] The shock wave generator main body is connected to the shock wave generator body through a first bolt group, and a first static seal assembly is provided between the shock wave generator main body and the shock wave generator body to ensure reliable sealing between the shock wave generator body and the shock wave generator main body; the shock wave generator body is connected to the cover plate through a second bolt group, and a second static seal assembly is provided between the shock wave generator body and the end face of the cover plate to ensure reliable sealing between the shock wave generator body and the cover plate.

[0024] The first fluid channel is opened in the shock wave generator main body and is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the high-pressure gas chamber; the charging and discharging port of the high-pressure gas chamber is arranged along the rotation axis of the high-pressure gas chamber, and the charging and discharging port can communicate the first fluid channel with the high-pressure gas chamber; a high-pressure charging and discharging control port is opened on the shock wave generator main body for the first fluid channel, and a first control valve is arranged at the high-pressure charging and discharging control port. The first control valve has a first working state of cutting off the exhaust of the high-pressure gas chamber to the outside, and a second working state of being connected to an external gas source to input gas into the high-pressure gas chamber through the charging port and the first fluid channel.

[0025] The second fluid channel is opened in the shock wave generator body and communicates with the liquid chamber of the explosion chamber; a fluid inlet is opened on the shock wave generator body for the second fluid channel, which is used to be connected to an external high-pressure oil source, so that high-pressure hydraulic oil enters the liquid chamber through the fluid inlet and the second fluid channel.

[0026] A second control valve or a first one-way valve is arranged at the fluid inlet of the second fluid channel. The second control valve or the first one-way valve has a first working state of cutting off the backflow of the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber to the external hydraulic oil source, and a second working state of being connected to an external high-pressure oil source to input oil through the fluid inlet and the second fluid channel into the liquid chamber in the explosion chamber;

[0027] Or,

[0028] A second one-way valve is arranged in the second fluid channel, so that an external high-pressure oil source can enter the liquid chamber of the explosion chamber through the second one-way valve, and the oil in the liquid chamber cannot flow back to the external high-pressure oil source through the second one-way valve.

[0029] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects obtained by this application are:

[0030] 1. The present application relates to a liquid flow shock wave generator, which includes a shock wave generating body. The shock wave generating body includes a shock wave generator main body and a shock wave generator body that are connected in series and sealed, so as to form a high-pressure air chamber and a blast chamber that are connected in series and communicate with each other inside the shock wave generating body; the inside of the blast chamber is separated into an air chamber and a liquid chamber by a diaphragm; the cover plate has a shock wave channel corresponding to a conical nozzle through a spray channel; the throat areas of the small chamfers of multiple spray channels are different, so that the annular area corresponding to the outlet of the third expansion cone surface of the shock wave channel forms a second Laval nozzle with different expansion ratios from the corresponding throat area with a small chamfer.

[0031] When the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber is higher than the outlet pressure of the shock wave channel, when the valve core is driven to rotate or swing by a driving mechanism so that the spray channel is connected to the conical nozzle and the shock wave channel, the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber is ejected first, the pressure at the diaphragm decreases, the gas in the high-pressure air chamber expands and flows, and after being accelerated by the first Laval nozzle, it impacts the diaphragm. The diaphragm further impacts the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber under the action of the impact gas, so that the outflowing hydraulic oil is compressed and accelerated through the contraction section, and the accelerated hydraulic oil forms a liquid flow shock wave through the second Laval nozzle.

[0032] Through the above design, it is possible to obtain a device for generating a liquid flow shock wave without using a shock tube, which brings a new type of hydraulic noise generator to the measurement of the sound speed in hydraulic fluids - a hydraulic component that generates flow fluctuations in the circuit, thereby causing pressure fluctuations, or generates pressure fluctuations in the circuit, thereby causing flow fluctuations, thus providing a stable and reliable flow fluctuation or pressure fluctuation generator for the measurement of the sound speed in pipeline oil.

[0033] 2. The present application uses a linear motor to regulate the position of the second Laval nozzle, which is beneficial to integrating the rotating components in a closed housing, thereby replacing the dynamic seal between the moving parts with a static seal bolt connection structure that is resistant to high pressure and has a long service life between the encapsulated housings, thus overcoming the problem of difficult dynamic seal between rotating components that is not resistant to high pressure and has a short service life.

[0034] A linear motor is a transmission device that directly converts electrical energy into mechanical energy of linear motion without any intermediate conversion mechanism. It can be regarded as a rotating motor cut along the radial direction and unfolded into a plane. The part corresponding to the stator of the rotating motor is called the primary, and the part corresponding to the rotor of the rotating motor is called the secondary. When polyphase alternating current changes in the primary winding, a traveling wave magnetic field is generated, which is called a traveling wave magnetic field. Under the action of the traveling wave magnetic field and the secondary permanent magnet, a driving force is generated, so as to realize the linear step-by-step motion of the moving part. If the permanent magnet is made narrow and the ring is fitted with a straight segment of the permanent magnet narrow strip, a ring linear motor can be made. Through the feedback system, a relatively stable rotation step or angle can be realized, which brings convenience to the positioning and setting of the injection channel, that is, the auxiliary impact adjustment of the liquid flow.

[0035] 3. The annular arrangement of multiple injection channels is conducive to the adoption of a linear motor that is easy to be enclosed. Through simple rotation or swinging, the energy concentration to discretization control of the shock wave can be realized. Moreover, the expansion ratio formed by the outlet area of the second Laval nozzle and the throat area of the second Laval nozzle can be controlled by further controlling the position of the injection channels with different throat areas of the second Laval nozzle, so that the shock wave generation position can be controlled according to different external pressures, and an adjustable and controllable liquid flow shock wave generator can be obtained.

[0036] 4. As a preferred implementation manner, a first fluid channel is vertically connected to the charging and discharging port of the high-pressure gas chamber; one end thereof has a cavity with a hemispherical structure; the charging and discharging port of the high-pressure gas chamber is directly connected to the cavity with the hemispherical structure.

[0037] The first Laval nozzle has the structure and ability to generate a supersonic shock wave: when the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure gas chamber expands and does work, the charging and discharging port is in a closed state, and the expanding air flow in the rotating body cannot flow through the charging and discharging port inside the arc transition surface, and can only rely on the supporting reaction of the inner wall of the cavity of the hemispherical structure. Therefore, the shock wave generator body where the high-pressure gas chamber is located should be fixed firmly to prevent the impact formed by the reaction force.

[0038] On the other hand, the cavity volume of the hemispherical structure of the high-pressure gas chamber is equal to the cavity volume enclosed by the first conical surface and the second conical surface. Thus, the volume of the entire high-pressure gas chamber is equal to twice the cavity volume of the hemispherical part of the high-pressure gas chamber. The volume of the hemispherical cavity of the air chamber is not greater than the cavity volume of the hemispherical structure of the high-pressure gas chamber, which is conducive to at least 2 / 3 of the expanding gas coming from the high-pressure gas chamber. To ensure that at least 2 / 3 of the expanding gas comes from the high-pressure gas chamber, first fill the blast chamber with low-pressure hydraulic oil or a small amount of oil at a pressure of P0 to expel all the air, making P0≈1 bar = 0.1 MPA. That is, after filling the blast chamber with air pressure equal to the atmospheric pressure, close the filling port, and then fill the high-pressure gas chamber with gas at a pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure P0, causing the diaphragm to bulge slightly towards the oil in the liquid chamber. It is only necessary to ensure a slight increase in the oil pressure in the liquid chamber of the blast chamber under the atmospheric pressure P0. A pressure sensor can be connected to the liquid chamber in the blast chamber. At this time, assume the volume of the hemispherical gas in the air chamber is V’ = V1 / 2, the volume of the gas in the high-pressure gas chamber is 2V’, and V1 is the volume of the entire high-pressure gas chamber. Then 2V’ = V1, and the total volume of the gas V0 = 3V’. When the diaphragm compresses towards the air chamber, ensuring that the volume of the air in the air chamber is maintained at 1 / 3V’, the total volume of the gas V0 becomes V1’, then V1’ = 1 / 3V’ + 2V’ = 7 / 3V’ = 7 / 6V1 = 7 / 9V0. To ensure that the diaphragm compresses towards the air chamber, maintaining the volume of the air in the air chamber at around 1 / 3V’; then connect the liquid chamber in the blast chamber to the hydraulic pipeline outside the emitter, and adjust the pressure P1 of the oil in the hydraulic pipeline to: P1 = P0×V0 / (7 / 9×V0) = 9 / 7P0.

[0039] Make the diaphragm bulge into the air chamber, and ensure that the volume of the air in the air chamber is maintained at around 1 / 3V’ to prevent the diaphragm from touching the wall of the hemispherical body and being damaged. Then fill the air chamber with gas at a pressure not less than P1 = 9 / 7P0, and once again make the diaphragm bulge slightly towards the oil in the liquid chamber. It is only necessary to ensure a slight increase in the oil pressure in the liquid chamber of the blast chamber under the pressure P1. A pressure sensor can be connected to the liquid chamber in the blast chamber, etc. Adjust the pressure P2 of the oil in the hydraulic pipeline to: P2 = P1×V0 / (7 / 9×V0) = 9 / 7P1 = (9 / 7)^2×P0.

[0040] Make the diaphragm bulge into the air chamber, and ensure that the volume of the air in the air chamber is maintained at around 1 / 3V’ to prevent the diaphragm from touching the wall of the hemispherical body and being damaged. Then fill the air chamber with gas at a pressure not less than (9 / 7)^2×P0, and once again make the diaphragm bulge slightly towards the oil in the liquid chamber. It is only necessary to ensure a slight increase in the oil pressure in the liquid chamber of the blast chamber under the pressure P2. A pressure sensor can be connected to the liquid chamber in the blast chamber, etc. Adjust the pressure P3 of the oil in the hydraulic pipeline to: P3 = P2×V0 / (7 / 9×V0) = 9 / 7P2 = (9 / 7)^3×P0.

[0041] This process is repeated, so that the diaphragm is compressed toward the air cavity, and the volume of the air in the air cavity is guaranteed to be about 1 / 3V' (to prevent the diaphragm from touching the wall of the hemisphere and being damaged). When the pressure inside the air chamber is equal to the pressure P in the hydraulic pipeline outside the transmitter, n For: P n =20MPA=(9 / 7)^n×P0=(9 / 7)^n×(0.1MPA)

[0042] It can be obtained that n = ln(200) / ln(9 / 7) = 21 times; then fill the air cavity with a pressure higher than P n The pressure of the high-pressure gas is P', where P' is: P' = 9 / 7 × 20MPA ≈ 25.7MPA; again, the diaphragm expands slightly toward the oil in the liquid cavity to ensure that the pressure in the liquid cavity of the burst cavity is P n The oil pressure under the pressure just needs to rise slightly. The liquid chamber in the bursting cavity can be connected to a pressure sensor, etc. The charging and discharging port is in a closed state, and then the oil in the liquid chamber in the bursting cavity is disconnected from the hydraulic pipeline on the outside of the transmitter, and then the oil with a pressure higher than P' is filled into the high-pressure liquid from the filling port, so that the diaphragm is in a bulging state toward the air cavity. Suppose the volume of the hemispherical gas in the air cavity is V', and the volume of the gas in the high-pressure air chamber is 2V', then the total volume of the gas V0=3V', and the volume of the air in the air cavity is guaranteed to be about 1 / 3V'. The oil pressure P filled with the liquid is: P=9 / 7×P'=9 / 7×25.7MPA≈33MPA. When the hydraulic oil in the liquid cavity is higher than the outlet pressure of the shock wave channel, the valve core is driven to rotate or swing by the driving mechanism so that the injection channel is connected with the conical nozzle and the shock wave channel. The hydraulic oil in the liquid cavity is ejected first, resulting in a sudden decrease in the pressure at the diaphragm, so that the high-pressure gas in the air cavity and the high-pressure air chamber expands outward and does work of at least (3 / 2V') / (7 / 3V')=9 / 14>2 / 3 volume. Since the volume of the hemispherical cavity of the air cavity is not greater than the cavity volume of the hemispherical structure of the high-pressure air chamber, the high-pressure The working airflow of 2 / 3 of the hemispherical volume of the air chamber is compressed inside the first conical surface and the second conical surface before rushing to the throat to form a continuously accelerated compressed airflow, and is expanded and accelerated after passing through the throat and the first expansion cone, thereby forming an impact airflow shock wave on the diaphragm in the air cavity. The impact airflow shock wave passes through the diaphragm and impacts the hydraulic oil in the liquid cavity, so that the outflowing hydraulic oil is compressed and accelerated through the contraction section. The accelerated hydraulic oil passes through the second Laval nozzle to form a liquid flow shock wave, and the mass of the shock wave is m≈3 / 2V'×ρ 液 .

[0043] The liquid chamber has a second fluid passage for receiving high-pressure fluid from the outside and a conical nozzle facing the valve core. Utilizing the incompressibility of high-pressure oil, when the high-pressure fluid at the conical nozzle suddenly relieves pressure, a rapid pressure conduction is formed, causing the gas on the other side of the diaphragm to expand rapidly, so as to detonate the expansion flow of the compressed gas. Utilizing the compressibility of the gas and the spatial volume structure, the geometric conditions for the formation of an air flow shock wave and the internal power source for the air flow in the first Laval tube are formed, thereby triggering the gas in the high-pressure gas chamber to eject an air flow shock wave from the throat of the first Laval nozzle, obtaining the first shock wave power source, the air flow shock wave. Then, by utilizing the relatively rigid extrusion of the oil by the diaphragm and the relative compressibility of the liquid flow, and using the geometric structure of the second Laval tube, the air flow shock wave pushes the high-pressure fluid in the liquid chamber through the diaphragm to bulge out a liquid flow shock wave through the second Laval nozzle, so as to form a high-density jet liquid flow shock wave.

[0044] 5. As a preferred embodiment, the diaphragm is arranged on the cross-section of the hemispherical surface in the blast chamber.

[0045] The bulging diaphragm in the gas chamber is similar to the vocal organ of a frog that makes a sound due to the rapid expansion causing the surrounding air to oscillate. It can be formed into a structure with the smallest surface area and the largest gas volume by the impact air flow expanding in the high-pressure gas chamber, so that the expanding compressed gas does equal spherical expansion work on the diaphragm in the blast chamber, thereby pushing more oil to be ejected through the second Laval nozzle that first converges and then expands, forming a high-speed shock wave. The diaphragm can be arranged after the cross-section of the shock wave generator body at the diaphragm is separated. After being arranged, a first static sealing component is arranged between the separated shock wave generator bodies to ensure reliable high-pressure sealing between the separated shock wave generator bodies.

[0046] 6. As a preferred embodiment, the side of the blast chamber where the gas chamber is located has a semi-spherical surface, and the injection channel has a Laval small throat structure composed of a small chamfered throat and a second expansion cone surface connected in sequence.

[0047] When the driving mechanism drives the valve core to rotate or swing so that the injection channel is connected to the conical nozzle of the liquid chamber and the shock wave channel, the small chamfered throat in the structure of the Laval small throat in the injection channel not only helps to reduce the hydraulic resistance of the high-pressure liquid flow in the blast chamber to the liquid before the throat rotates or swings in place, but also helps to stably drive the small chamfered throat. Moreover, the pressurized oil in the third expansion cone surface has an auxiliary function of automatic centering on the second expansion cone surface. Since the third expansion cone surface is larger than the cone surface of the throat small chamfer, it also helps to eliminate or weaken the hydraulic resistance of the liquid flow to the valve core during rotation depending on the different pressure differences and area ratios at both ends of the throat, and further helps the small chamfered throat of the injection channel to be in the center of the second Laval nozzle when the hydraulic oil is compressed and accelerated through the contraction section and ejected, so as to form a normal shock wave instead of an oblique shock wave, reducing the energy loss of the shock wave.

[0048] 7. As a preferred embodiment, the high-pressure gas chamber is a rotating body with a cavity having a hemispherical structure with a radius of R at one end; the gas charging and discharging port of the high-pressure gas chamber is directly connected to the cavity of the hemispherical structure; the first Laval nozzle includes a first conical surface and a second conical surface inside the high-pressure gas chamber, a throat connecting the gas chamber of the high-pressure gas chamber and the gas chamber of the blast chamber, and a first expansion conical surface formed by the tangential connection of the throat and the spherical surface of the hemispherical cavity of the blast chamber; where the radius r of the throat << R. The rotary diameter dimension of the high-pressure gas chamber gradually decreases from the cross-section of the cavity of the hemispherical structure through the first conical surface to the second conical surface; the second conical surface is connected to the throat, and the volume V of the cavity of the hemispherical structure of the high-pressure gas chamber 11 is equal to the volume V of the cavity surrounded by the first conical surface to the second conical surface 12 , where V 11 = 2 / 3πR 3 , V 12 =(πR 2 -πr 2 )2 / 3R. The length from the first conical surface to the second conical surface is about 2 / 3R; then the volume V1 of the entire high-pressure gas chamber ≈ V 11 + V 12 ≈ 2 / 3πR 3 + 2 / 3πR 3 = 4 / 3πR 3 , that is, the volume V1 of the entire high-pressure gas chamber is equivalent to the volume of a global sphere with a radius of R. Let the volume of the hemispherical gas in the gas chamber be V', and the volume of the gas in the high-pressure gas chamber be 2V' = V1, then the total volume V0 of the gas when the diaphragm is not compressed is 3V'.

[0049] Through the above settings, it is possible to easily calculate and control the amplitude and planned number of step-by-step pressure adjustments in the aforementioned manner, which is convenient for control without damaging the diaphragm. In addition, after filling the high-pressure gas chamber with the preset high-pressure gas, the gas charging and discharging port is in a closed state, and the liquid chamber of the blast chamber is filled with high-pressure liquid, so that the diaphragm is in a bulging state towards the gas chamber; when the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber is higher than the outlet pressure of the shock wave channel, when the injection channel is connected to the conical nozzle and the shock wave channel by driving the spool to rotate or swing through the driving mechanism, the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber sprays out first, resulting in a sudden decrease in the pressure at the diaphragm. Let the volume of the hemispherical gas in the gas chamber be V' = V1 / 2, the volume of the gas in the high-pressure gas chamber be V1 = 2V', and the total volume V0 of the gas when the diaphragm is not compressed be 3V', then V1' is the volume when the diaphragm is recessed into the gas chamber so that the volume of the gas chamber is 1 / 3V', that is, V1' = 1 / 3V' + 2V' = 7 / 3V' = 7 / 6V1 = 7 / 9V0 is the initial volume of expansion; for example, it is reduced from P1' = 33 MPa to P2' = 20 MPa; then it can be obtained that

[0050] V2 = P1’V1’ / P2’ = 33 / 20×V1’ = 33 / 20×7 / 6V1 = V1 + 1 / 6V1 + 0.758V1 ≈ V1 + 1 / 6V1 + 3 / 4V1

[0051] And 0.758V1 ≈ 3 / 4V1 ≈ (3 / 4)×(4 / 3)πR 3 = πR 3 = πR 2 ×R is exactly the volume of the cylinder formed by the diaphragm area of the air chamber expanding forward by the hemisphere radius R; enabling the high-pressure gas in the air chamber and the high-pressure gas chamber to do external expansion work. Due to the compression of the oil pressure in the external liquid chamber, the expansion volume 0.758V1 may only reach (3 / 4)×(4 / 3)πR 3 which is exactly 3 / 2 of the hemisphere volume of the air chamber. Most of the working air flow in the high-pressure gas chamber is compressed inside the first conical surface and the second conical surface to form an accelerating compressed air flow before rushing towards the throat, and then is expanded and accelerated after passing through the throat and the first expansion conical surface, thus forming an impact air flow shock wave on the diaphragm in the air chamber. Because air also has viscosity and an attached wall boundary layer, through the transition of two different conical surfaces, it is beneficial to reduce the influence of gas attached wall viscous resistance and the boundary layer. Since the air chamber is a hemispherical cavity and the surface area to volume ratio of the sphere is the smallest, it is optimal for the diaphragm to bulge spherically. Therefore, the air flow shock wave is also a spherical bulge shock wave and continuously oscillates between the high-pressure gas chamber and the air chamber and impacts the diaphragm. This bulge shock wave can be expressed as P1’×e -kt ×|sinωt| positive amplitude exponential decay oscillation wave equation, where P1’ is the initial pressure of expansion, P1’ is preferably 33 MPa, k is the decay coefficient with time, t is the oscillation duration, the oscillation circular frequency ω = 2πf, and e is the base of the natural logarithm. The bulge shock wave impacts the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber through the diaphragm, causing the outflowing hydraulic oil to be compressed and accelerated through the contraction section. The accelerated hydraulic oil forms a liquid flow shock wave after passing through the second Laval nozzle. In the isothermal process, pV = nRT is constant and due to the incompressibility of the oil, the volume of the gas oscillating between the high-pressure gas chamber and the air chamber is inversely proportional to the shock wave pressure P1’×e -kt ×|sinωt|, with a phase angle difference of π / 2. Since the volume of the liquid flow shock wave V bulging outwards through the diaphragm by this shock wave is equal to the volume of the air flow shock wave bulge, the volume V of the liquid flow shock wave can also be obtained by integrating the positive amplitude exponential growth oscillation wave equation of the oscillating gas volume according to the action duration Δt:

[0052] Volume of the liquid flow shock wave

[0053] Wherein, V1 is the initial volume of the gas expansion between the high-pressure gas chamber and the air chamber, k is the decay coefficient with time, t is the oscillation duration, the oscillation circular frequency ω = 2πf, e is the natural constant, and Δt is the time for the diaphragm to sink from the air chamber and bulge completely to the maximum volume surface.

[0054] The liquid flow shock wave can propagate forward along the oil in the output pipeline. Under the reaction of the liquid chamber diaphragm, the air flow shock wave in the air chamber is reflected back to the high-pressure gas chamber through the first Laval tube to form an oscillating shock wave. The sound speed of the gas in the high-pressure gas chamber is c, then the oscillation frequency f≈(2 / 3R×2) / c. Therefore, during the period when the driving mechanism drives the valve core to rotate or swing so that the injection channel is connected to the conical nozzle and the shock wave channel, due to the very high oscillation frequency f, during the process of the diaphragm sinking from the air chamber and bulging completely to the spherical surface, it is impacted by multiple air flow shock waves. Furthermore, the diaphragm also impacts the liquid flow shock wave of the outflow multiple times. In this way, it is beneficial to the accumulation of the thickness δ of the liquid flow shock wave skin, and the intensity of the shock wave increases, so that the liquid flow shock wave carries more liquid density and momentum, and promotes large changes in the flow parameters in front of the shock wave front, such as pressure increase, flow velocity acceleration, etc., which is beneficial to the rapid discrete transmission of the liquid flow in the delivery pipeline with diameter d. The amount of oil transported by each shock wave skin is:

[0055]

[0056] Wherein, V is the amount of oil transported by a single shock wave skin; d is the maximum circular area of the outlet of the shock wave channel = the hydraulic diameter of the interface pipeline; δ is the thickness of a single liquid flow shock wave skin; k is the decay coefficient with time, t is the oscillation duration, R is the sphere radius of the high-pressure gas chamber; e is the base of the natural logarithm;

[0057] During the period when the driving mechanism drives the valve core to rotate or swing so that the injection channel is connected to the conical nozzle and the shock wave channel, within the total time Δt used for the diaphragm to sink from the air chamber and bulge completely to the spherical surface, a single liquid flow shock wave skin accumulates continuously, forming an accumulation with an inverted volume size like a half-spherical onion from the outside to the inside. After that, it expands in the shock wave channel into a spherical shock wave that bulges forward with layers stacked like the outer skin of a half-onion being thin and the inner skin being thick. In front of the shock wave is the pressure P2 in the pipeline, such as P2 = 20 MPa, and behind the shock wave is the initial pressure P1 in the blast chamber, such as P1 = 33 MPa. P1 is also the initial pressure of the gas in the air chamber. Since the oil in the blast chamber overflows, it also decreases to the intensity that balances the air chamber and the pipeline pressure. Then:

[0058] P1×e -kt ×|sinωt|≤P1×e -kΔt =P2≈20 MPa

[0059] From this, it can be calculated that:

[0060] t = t2 - t0 = Δt = (1 / (-k))ln(P2 / P1)

[0061] At the initial time t0 = 0, according to the conservation of matter, let the volume of the convex hemispherical cup-shaped body compressed by the shock wave be V3, and the density increase be ρ3 = (3 / 4V1) / V3 × ρ 液 , and the velocity is the maximum average value of the molecular cluster movement in the liquid flow, which is equal to the sound speed c. From the inertial force F = (3 / 4V1×ρ 液 )×c = ρ3×c×((3 / 4V1) / Δt), it can be obtained that ρ3 = ρ 液 / Δt. Combining with the aforementioned ρ3, it can also be obtained that: V3 = (3 / 4V1) / Δt = (-k)×(3 / 4V1) / (ln(P2 / P1)). Among them, the negative sign indicates the compressed state of the shock wave, indicating that the volume V3 of the convex hemispherical cup-shaped body is compressed. The volume compression ratio (V3 / (3 / 4V1)) is related to the pressure ratio and the attenuation coefficient k; because the shock wave itself is a compression wave, under the action of the inertial force F, a normal shock wave formed in the straight-through channel moves forward. In front of it is also a strong disturbance compression wave, and the change in fluid pressure Δp caused by its disturbance is a finite value. From the perspective of energy conservation, it will not exceed P1 - P2, but it is sufficient to cause a large change in the flow parameters in front of the shock wave front, such as an increase in pressure and an acceleration of the flow velocity, etc. Therefore, the shock wave pushes the liquid flow in front to accelerate and roll forward along the pipe wall; and because the rear of the shock wave is an expansion wave, there is also a small pressure disturbance in the liquid flow behind the shock wave, which propagates in the form of a wave, and the propagation velocity is equal to the sound speed c minus the forward movement velocity v of the shock wave. The change in fluid pressure Δp caused by it is very small, that is, the change in fluid pressure Δp approaches 0, resulting in a weak change in the flow parameters before and after the disturbance, but it is sufficient to reduce the friction of the pipe wall on the flow direction of the liquid flow behind. Moreover, the suction effect caused by the expansion of the oil liquid behind the shock wave or the inertial movement of the shock wave will accelerate the attracting flow of the liquid flow to the previous shock wave; in the liquid flow in front of the shock wave, the fluid oil liquid crushed by the shock wave front has an attached wall viscous rotational inertia and is swirled into the rear of the shock wave to form a vortex, and then is pushed by the next shock wave to accelerate and roll, thereby reducing the friction of the pipe wall for the subsequent shock wave, so that the liquid flow can propagate forward at a high speed almost close to the sound speed c.

[0062] 8. The first conical surface and the second conical surface do not adopt a conical surface with a unified angle, which is conducive to reducing the excessive wall adhesion viscous resistance and the viscous influence of the boundary layer thickening with the flow length during gas flow. Since air has viscosity and an adherent boundary layer, passing through two different conical surfaces for contraction and transition in the high-pressure gas chamber is conducive to reducing the gas wall adhesion viscous resistance and the viscous influence of the boundary layer thickening with the flow length; the third conical surface and the fourth conical surface do not adopt a conical surface with a unified angle, which is conducive to reducing the excessive wall adhesion viscous resistance and the viscous influence of the boundary layer thickening with the flow length during oil flow. Since oil has viscosity and an adherent boundary layer, passing through multiple different conical surfaces for contraction and transition in the explosion chamber is conducive to reducing the liquid wall adhesion viscous resistance and the viscous influence of the boundary layer thickening with the flow length. Description of the Drawings

[0063] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and form a part of the present application. The schematic embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present application. In the drawings:

[0064] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid flow shock wave generator under an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] Figure 2 is Figure 1 an enlarged schematic diagram at A in

[0066] In the figure,

[0067] 1. Shock wave generator main body; 2. Shock wave generator body; 3. First fluid channel; 4. Second fluid channel; 5. High-pressure gas chamber; 6. Explosion chamber; 61. Gas chamber; 62. Liquid chamber; 7. Gas charging and discharging port; 8. First conical surface; 9. Second conical surface; 10. Throat; 11. First expansion cone surface; 12. First Laval nozzle; 13. Diaphragm; 14. Fluid inlet; 15. Third conical surface; 16. Fourth conical surface; 18. Throat with small chamfer; 19. Second expansion cone surface; 20. Third expansion cone surface; 21. Second Laval nozzle; 22. Laval small throat; 23. Shock wave channel; 24. Thrust bearing; 25. Driving ring; 26. Annular magnetic strip; 27. Cover plate; 28. First static sealing assembly; 29. Second static sealing assembly; 30. First connecting bolt group; 31. Second connecting bolt group; 32. Measurement and control wire harness; 33. Spool; 34. First control valve; 35. Second control valve. Detailed Embodiment

[0068] In order to more clearly illustrate the overall concept of the present application, the following will be described in detail by way of examples in conjunction with the drawings of the specification.

[0069] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, the present application may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and thus, the scope of protection of the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0070] In addition, in the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0071] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "mounted", "connected", "connected to", "fixed", etc. shall be construed in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention may be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0072] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "embodiment", "example", "an embodiment", "example", or "specific example" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0073] The present application relates to a fluid flow shock wave generator, such as Figure 1-2As shown in the figure, it includes a shock wave generator body, which includes a shock wave generator main body 1 and a shock wave generator body 2 arranged in series and sealed, so as to form a series-connected high-pressure air chamber 5 and a detonation chamber 6 inside the shock wave generator body; the inside of the detonation chamber 6 is separated into an air chamber 61 and a liquid chamber 62 by a diaphragm; the shock wave generator body 2 and the shock wave generator main body 1 are separated between the air chamber 61 and the liquid chamber 62, so as to facilitate the installation of the diaphragm 13 on the cross-section of the inner hemispherical surface of the detonation chamber 6; the high-pressure air chamber 5 has a first fluid channel 3 for receiving external charging and discharging of gas, and also has a throat 10 of a first Laval nozzle 12 that converges first and then expands and leads to the air chamber 61; the liquid chamber 62 has a conical nozzle facing the valve core 33 and a second fluid channel 4 for receiving external high-pressure fluid;

[0074] A valve core 33 is placed inside the shock wave generator body 2. The valve core 33 is annularly arranged around the axis with a plurality of injection channels that can correspond to the conical nozzle;

[0075] A linear motor includes a driving ring 25 formed by annularly arranging a rotating motor stator in a groove of the shock wave generator body 2, and an annular magnetic strip 26 formed by arranging a rotating motor rotor on the outer side of the circumference of the valve core 33; there is a preset gap between the inner circumferential surface of the annular magnetic strip 26 and the driving ring 25, so that the annular magnetic strip 26 drives the valve 33 to rotate or swing relative to the driving ring 25 after the driving ring 25 is energized; the annular magnetic strip 26 can drive the valve core 33 to rotate or swing under the drive of the driving ring 25;

[0076] A cover plate 27 is hermetically connected to the shock wave generator body 2; the cover plate 27 has a shock wave channel 23 corresponding to the conical nozzle through the injection channel; the conical nozzle, the injection channel and the shock wave channel form a second Laval nozzle;

[0077] When the high-pressure fluid in the liquid chamber is suddenly depressurized, the gas in the air chamber expands rapidly, further causing the gas in the high-pressure air chamber to eject a high-speed air flow shock wave from the throat of the first Laval nozzle. This air flow shock wave pushes the high-pressure fluid in the liquid chamber through the diaphragm and bulges out a liquid flow shock wave through the second Laval nozzle;

[0078] The maximum circular area of the outlet of the shock wave channel is different from the minimum cross-sectional area of the plurality of injection channels to form a second Laval nozzle with the same or different expansion ratios, so as to control the occurrence of the liquid flow shock wave within the third expansion cone surface under different back pressures.

[0079] When the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber 62 is more than 1.5 times higher than the outlet pressure of the shock wave channel 23, when the injection channel is connected to the conical nozzle and the shock wave channel 23 by driving the valve core 33 to rotate or swing through the driving mechanism, the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber 62 is ejected first, resulting in a sudden drop in the liquid pressure in the liquid chamber. The pressure at the diaphragm 13 in the bulging state towards the gas chamber decreases, and the gas in the high-pressure gas chamber 5 expands and flows. After being accelerated by the first Laval nozzle 12, it impacts the diaphragm 13. The diaphragm 13 further impacts the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber 62 under the action of the impact gas, causing the outflowing hydraulic oil to be compressed and accelerated through the contraction section. The accelerated hydraulic oil forms a normal shock wave through the second Laval nozzle 21.

[0080] As Figure 1 shown, the shock wave generator main body 1 is connected in series with the shock wave generator body 2, and the shock wave generator main body 1 and the shock wave generator body 2 are tightly connected through the first connecting bolt group 30; the cover plate 27 is connected to the other side of the shock wave generator body 2, and the shock wave generator body 2 and the cover plate 27 are tightly connected through the second connecting bolt group 31.

[0081] Specifically, the injection channel is composed of a Laval small throat tube 22 structure consisting of 17, a small chamfered throat 18, and a second expansion cone surface 19. When different injection channels are formed, the areas of the small chamfered throats 18 are correspondingly different. The area of the small chamfered throat 18 is different by setting different diameters of the small chamfered throat 18. Specifically, the interface annular diameter of 17 corresponding to the conical nozzle of the valve core 33 is the same and equal to the diameter of the conical nozzle of the valve core 33.

[0082] The small chamfered throat 18 can be in the shape of a round hole or a rectangle. Preferably, the small chamfered throat 18 is in the shape of a round hole.

[0083] Specifically, the part of the rotating motor stator is called the primary, which is annularly arranged in the slot of the shock wave generator body 2 to form a driving ring 25; the driving ring 25 is coaxially connected inside the shock wave generator body 2 outside the valve core 33 and is annularly connected to the inner wall of the installation groove. The external measurement and control wire harness 32 can extend into the installation groove to be connected to the driving ring 25; the part corresponding to the rotating motor rotor is called the secondary, which is composed of a plurality of permanent magnets and is arranged on the outer side of the circumference of the valve core 33 to form an annular magnetic strip 26 and is fixedly connected to the valve core.

[0084] Specifically, the shock wave channel 23 has a third expansion conical surface 20, the small-diameter of the conical surface of which corresponds and is of the same diameter as the large-diameter of the second expansion conical surface 19 of the injection channel. According to the different outlet pressures of the shock wave channel 23, by selecting a Laval nozzle with different expansion ratios of throat areas, the oil ejected forms a normal shock wave in the shock wave channel 23, which is beneficial to making the impact disturbance of the shock wave on the outlet pressure of the shock wave channel 23 controllable. Under the impact of the initial liquid flow, 17 of the injection channel has an auxiliary function of automatic centering, so that when the driving mechanism drives the spool 33 to rotate or swing to connect the injection channel with the conical nozzle of the liquid cavity 62 and the shock wave channel 23, in the state where the hydraulic oil is compressed and accelerated through the contraction section and ejected, a normal shock wave rather than an oblique shock wave is formed because the small-chamfered throat 18 of the injection channel is located in the center of the second Laval nozzle 21, reducing energy loss.

[0085] This application uses a linear motor to regulate the position of the second Laval nozzle 21, which is beneficial to integrating rotating components within a closed housing, thereby replacing the dynamic seal between moving parts with a static seal bolt connection structure that is resistant to high pressure and has a long service life between encapsulated housings, thus overcoming the problems of high pressure resistance and short service life of dynamic seals that are difficult to solve for rotating components. In addition, this application uses a linear motor to regulate the outlet area of the second Laval nozzle 21 to control the occurrence of shock waves in the divergent section of the second Laval nozzle 21: there are two conditions for subsonic flow to become supersonic flow: the first is the geometric necessary condition: having a first Laval nozzle 12 that converges first and then diverges; the second is the mechanical sufficient condition: the ambient pressure, i.e., the back pressure, is less than a certain value. When these two conditions are met, if you want to control the occurrence of shock waves in the divergent section of the second Laval nozzle 21, you also need to control the expansion ratio formed by the outlet area of the second Laval nozzle 21 and the throat area of the second Laval nozzle 21. The outlet area of the second Laval nozzle 21 is limited by the diameter of the outlet, etc. The most favorable way is to change the throat area of the second Laval nozzle 21. In terms of regulating the throat area of the second Laval nozzle 21, in addition to a servo motor, a linear motor can also be used. A linear motor is a transmission device that directly converts electrical energy into mechanical energy of linear motion without any intermediate conversion mechanism. It can be regarded as a rotating motor cut along the radial direction and unfolded into a plane. The part corresponding to the stator of the rotating motor is called the primary, and the part corresponding to the rotor of the rotating motor is called the secondary; when polyphase alternating current changes in the primary winding, a traveling wave magnetic field is generated, which is called a traveling wave magnetic field. Under the action of the traveling wave magnetic field and the secondary permanent magnet, a driving force is generated, thereby realizing the linear step-by-step movement of the moving parts. If the permanent magnet is narrowed and the ring is fitted with a straight segment of the permanent magnet narrow strip, a ring linear motor can be made, and a relatively stable rotation step or angle can be achieved through a feedback system, which brings convenience to the positioning and adjustment of the injection channel (auxiliary impact adjustment of the liquid flow). The annular arrangement of multiple injection channels is beneficial to using a linear motor that is easy to enclose and arrange. Through simple rotation or swinging, the energy concentration of the shock wave can be controlled from discrete to discrete; moreover, the expansion ratio formed by the outlet area of the second Laval nozzle 21 and the throat area of the second Laval nozzle 21 can also be controlled by further controlling the position of the injection channels with different throat areas of the second Laval nozzle 21, so that the position of the shock wave can be controlled according to different external pressures.

[0086] The air chamber 61 can be formed by the diaphragm 13 that bulges on the hemispherical surface in the blast chamber 6 and is filled with high-pressure gas, forming a structure with the smallest surface area and the largest gas volume. This allows more compressed gas in the blast chamber 6, which is more conducive to the equal spherical expansion work, thereby driving more hydraulic oil to be ejected through the second Laval nozzle 21 that first converges and then diverges, forming a high-speed shock wave. The bulging diaphragm 13 in the air chamber 61 is similar to the sound-generating organ of a frog that causes the surrounding air to oscillate and produce sound through rapid expansion. It can be formed by the impact airflow expanding in the high-pressure gas chamber 5 to bulge, forming a structure with the smallest surface area and the largest gas volume. This enables the expanding compressed gas to perform equal spherical expansion work on the diaphragm in the blast chamber 6, thereby driving more hydraulic oil to be ejected through the second Laval nozzle 21 that first converges and then diverges, forming a high-speed shock wave. The diaphragm 13 can be set after the cross-section of the shock wave generator body at the diaphragm is separated. After setting, a first static seal assembly 28 is provided between the split shock wave generator main body 2 and the shock wave generator main body 1 to ensure reliable high-pressure sealing between the split shock wave generator main body 1 and the shock wave generator body 2.

[0087] Since the surface area of a sphere is proportional to the square of its radius, and the volume of a sphere is proportional to the cube of its radius, as the radius increases, the surface area and volume of the sphere will increase at different rates. Specifically, when the radius of the sphere is doubled, the surface area of the sphere will increase by 4 times, while the volume will increase by 8 times; when it is tripled, the surface area of the sphere will increase by 9 times, and the volume will increase by 27 times. It can be seen that the growth rates of the surface area and volume of the sphere are different, and the proportional relationship between the two also changes accordingly.

[0088] As a preferred embodiment, the high-pressure gas chamber 5 is a rotating body with a hemispherical cavity at one end; the gas charging and discharging port 7 of the high-pressure gas chamber 5 is directly connected to the hemispherical cavity; the first Laval nozzle 12 that first converges and then diverges leading to the air chamber includes a first conical surface 8 and a second conical surface 9 in the high-pressure gas chamber, a throat 10 connecting the high-pressure gas chamber 5 and the air chamber 61 of the blast chamber, and a first expansion cone surface 11 formed by the tangential connection of the throat 10 and the spherical surface of the hemispherical cavity of the air chamber; the rotary diameter size of the high-pressure gas chamber 5 gradually decreases from the cross-section of the hemispherical cavity to the first conical surface 8 and then to the second conical surface 9, which is conducive to reducing the excessive wall adhesion viscous resistance and the viscous influence of the boundary layer thickening with the flow length during gas flow; the second conical surface 9 is connected to the throat 10; the rotary diameter size of the first expansion cone surface 11 gradually increases from the throat 10 to the air chamber 61, thus forming the expansion section of the first Laval nozzle 12 that first converges and then diverges; the volume V of the hemispherical cavity of the high-pressure gas chamber 11 =2 / 3πR 3 、 the volume V of the cavity surrounded by the first conical surface to the second conical surface 12 =(πR 2 -πr 2) 2 / 3R, where the cavity volume V of the hemispherical structure of the high-pressure gas chamber 11 is equal to the volume V of the cavity formed by the first conical surface to the second conical surface 12 Then the length from the first conical surface to the second conical surface is 2 / 3R; the volume V1 in the entire high-pressure gas chamber is approximately V 11 + V 12 ≈ 2 / 3πR 3 + 2 / 3πR 3 = 4 / 3πR 3 That is, the volume of a global sphere with a radius of R. Let the volume of the hemispherical gas in the air chamber be V', and the volume of the gas in the high-pressure gas chamber be 2V' = V1. Then the total volume of the gas when the diaphragm is not compressed is V0 = 3V'.

[0089] The volume in the entire high-pressure gas chamber is equal to twice the cavity volume of the hemisphere of the high-pressure gas chamber. The cavity volume of the hemisphere of the air chamber is not greater than the cavity volume of the hemispherical structure of the high-pressure gas chamber, so that at least 2 / 3 of the expanding gas comes from the high-pressure gas chamber; the length from the first conical surface to the second conical surface is equal to twice the radius of the hemisphere of the high-pressure gas chamber, with an error not exceeding 10%; where R is the radius of the hemisphere of the high-pressure gas chamber; r is the radius of the throat tube, r << R; V 11 is the volume of the hemisphere of the high-pressure gas chamber, V 12 is the volume inside the high-pressure gas chamber from the first conical surface to the second conical surface.

[0090] After the high-pressure gas chamber 5 is filled with the preset high-pressure gas, the charging and discharging port is in a closed state. The liquid chamber 62 of the explosion impulse chamber 6 is filled with high-pressure liquid, so that the diaphragm 13 is in a bulging state towards the air chamber 61. When the liquid pressure in the liquid chamber 62 suddenly drops, the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure gas chamber 5 expands and does work externally. The working airflow in at least 1 / 2 of the volume of the hemisphere is compressed to form an accelerating compressed airflow inside the first conical surface 8 and the second conical surface 9 before rushing towards the throat tube 10, and then is expanded and accelerated after passing through the throat tube 10 and the first expansion cone surface 11, thereby forming an impact shock wave that impacts the diaphragm 13.

[0091] Further, after the high-pressure gas chamber 5 is filled with a preset high-pressure gas, the charging and discharging port 7 is in a closed state, and the liquid chamber of the blasting chamber is filled with high-pressure liquid, so that the diaphragm 13 is in a bulging state towards the gas chamber 61; when the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber 62 is higher than the outlet pressure of the shock wave channel, when the valve core 33 is rotated or swung by the driving mechanism to connect the injection channel with the conical nozzle and the shock wave channel, the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber is ejected first, resulting in a sudden decrease in the pressure at the diaphragm, causing the high-pressure gas in the gas chamber 61 and the high-pressure gas chamber 5 to expand and do work externally. Let the volume of the hemispherical gas in the gas chamber be V’ = V1 / 2, the volume of the gas in the high-pressure gas chamber be V1 = 2V’, and the total volume of the gas when the diaphragm is not compressed be V0 = 3V’. Then V1’ is the volume when the diaphragm is recessed into the gas chamber so that the volume of the gas chamber is 1 / 3V’, that is, V1’ = 1 / 3V’ + 2V’ = 7 / 3V’ = 7 / 6V1 = 7 / 9V0 is the initial volume of expansion. For example, it is reduced from P1’ = 33 MPa to P2’ = 20 MPa; then it can be obtained that: V2 = P1’V1’ / P2’ = 33 / 20 × V1’ = 33 / 20 × 7 / 6V1 = V1 + 1 / 6V1 + 0.758V1 ≈ V1 + 1 / 6V1 + 3 / 4V1; and 0.758V1 ≈ 3 / 4V1 ≈ 3 / 4 × 4 / 3πR 3 = πR 3 = πR 2 ×R is exactly the volume of the cylinder formed by the forward expansion movement of the hemispherical radius R of the diaphragm area of the gas chamber. The high-pressure gas in the gas chamber and the high-pressure gas chamber expands and does work externally. Due to the compression of the oil pressure in the external liquid chamber, the expansion volume 0.758V1 may only reach (3 / 4) × (4 / 3)πR 3 which is exactly 3 / 2 of the hemispherical volume of the gas chamber.

[0092] Most of the working airflows are compressed inside the first conical surface 8 and the second conical surface 9 to form an accelerating compressed airflow before rushing towards the throat, and then expanded and accelerated after passing through the throat and the first expansion conical surface, thereby forming an impact airflow shock wave on the diaphragm 13 in the gas chamber 61. Since the gas chamber 61 is a hemispherical cavity and the specific surface area of the sphere is the smallest (the ratio of surface area to volume is the smallest), the diaphragm 13 must bulge optimally in a spherical shape. Therefore, the airflow shock wave is also a spherical bulge shock wave; this bulge shock wave passes through the diaphragm, and this bulge shock wave can be expressed as the wave equation of the positive amplitude exponential decay oscillation of P1’×e -kΔt ×|sinωt|, where P1 is the initial pressure of expansion, k is the decay coefficient with time, Δt is the oscillation time, and the circular frequency ω = 2πf; passing through the diaphragm, it impacts the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber, causing the outflowing hydraulic oil to be compressed and accelerated through the contraction section, and the accelerated hydraulic oil forms a liquid flow shock wave through the second Laval nozzle 21. Due to the isothermal process, pV = nRT is constant and due to the incompressibility of the oil, the volume of the gas oscillating between the high-pressure gas chamber and the gas chamber and the shock wave pressure P1’×e-kt inversely proportional to ×|sinωt|, with a phase angle difference of π / 2. Since the volume V of the liquid flow shock wave bulging outwards through the diaphragm is equal to the volume bulging out of the gas flow shock wave, the volume V of the liquid flow shock wave can also be obtained by integrating the oscillating wave equation with the positive amplitude exponential growth of the agitated gas volume over the action duration Δt:

[0093] Volume of the liquid flow shock wave

[0094] In the formula, V1 is the initial volume of the gas expansion between the high-pressure gas chamber and the air chamber, k is the decay coefficient with time, t is the oscillation duration, the oscillation circular frequency ω = 2πf, e is the natural constant, and Δt is the time for the diaphragm to sink from the air chamber and bulge out completely to the maximum volume surface.

[0095] The liquid flow shock wave can propagate forward along the oil in the output pipeline. Under the reaction of the liquid chamber diaphragm, the gas flow shock wave in the air chamber is reflected back to the high-pressure gas chamber through the first Laval tube 12 to form an oscillating shock wave. The oscillation frequency f is approximately (2 / 3R×2) / c (the speed of sound is 340 m / s). Therefore, during the period when the driving mechanism drives the valve core 33 to rotate or swing so that the injection channel is connected to the conical nozzle and the shock wave channel, due to the very high oscillation frequency f, during the process of the diaphragm 13 sinking from the air chamber and bulging out completely to the spherical surface, it is impacted by the oscillating shock waves of the gas flow many times. Furthermore, the diaphragm 13 also impacts the liquid flow shock wave of the outflow many times. In this way, it is beneficial to the accumulation of the thickness δ of the liquid flow shock wave skin and the increase in the intensity of the shock wave, so that the liquid flow shock wave can carry more liquid density and momentum, and promote large changes in the flow parameters in front of the shock wave front, such as pressure rise and flow rate acceleration, which is conducive to the rapid discrete transmission of the liquid flow in the delivery pipeline with a diameter of d. The amount of oil transported by each shock wave skin is:

[0096]

[0097] In the formula, V is the amount of oil transported by a single shock wave skin; d is the maximum circular area at the outlet of the shock wave channel = the hydraulic diameter of the interface pipeline; δ is the thickness of a single liquid flow shock wave skin; k is the decay coefficient with time, t is the oscillation duration, R is the radius of the sphere of the high-pressure gas chamber; e is the base of the natural logarithm;

[0098] The volume of the hemispherical gas in the air chamber is V' = V1 / 2, the volume of the gas in the high-pressure gas chamber is V1 = 2V', and the total volume of the gas when the diaphragm is not compressed is V0 = 3V'. Then V1' is when the diaphragm sinks into the air chamber so that the volume of the air chamber is 1 / 3V', that is, V1' = 1 / 3V' + 2V' = 7 / 3V' = 7 / 6V1 = 7 / 9V0 for expansion

[0099] Initial volume.

[0100] During the period when the driving mechanism drives the valve core to rotate or swing so that the injection channel is connected to the conical nozzle and the shock wave channel, within the total time Δt taken for the diaphragm to sink from the air chamber to fully bulge into a spherical surface, individual liquid flow shock waves continuously accumulate to form an accumulation with an inverted volume size like that of half a spherical onion from the outside to the inside. After that, it expands in the shock wave channel into a spherical shock wave with layers stacked like the outer thin and inner thick skin of half an onion, bulging forward. In front of the shock wave is the pressure P2 in the pipeline, such as P2 = 20 MPa, and behind the shock wave is the initial pressure P1 in the blast chamber, such as P1 = 33 MPa. P1 is also the initial pressure of the gas in the air chamber. Since the oil in the blast chamber overflows, it also decreases to the intensity where the air chamber and the pipeline pressures are balanced. Then:

[0101] P1×e -kt ×|sinωt|≤P1×e -kΔt =P2≈20MPa

[0102] From this, it can be calculated that:

[0103] t = t2 - t0 = Δt = (1 / (-k))ln(P2 / P1)

[0104] Assume the volume of the hemispherical gas in the air chamber is V’ = V1 / 2, the volume of the gas in the high-pressure gas chamber is V1 = 2V’, and the total volume of the gas when the diaphragm is not compressed is V0 = 3V’. Then V1’ is when the diaphragm sinks into the air chamber so that the volume of the air chamber is 1 / 3V’ = 1 / 6V1, that is, V1’ = 1 / 3V’ + 2V’ = 7 / 3V’ = 7 / 6V1 = 7 / 9V0

[0105] is the volume at the initial stage of expansion;

[0106] For example, when P1’ decreases from 33 MPa to P2’ = 20 MPa, according to P1’V1’ = P2’V2, we get:

[0107] V2 = P1’V1’ / P2’ = 33 / 20×V1’ = 33 / 20×7 / 6V1 = V1 + 1 / 6V1 + 0.758V1≈V1 + 1 / 6V1 + 3 / 4V1;

[0108] And 0.758V1≈3 / 4V1 = 3 / 4*4 / 3πR 3 =πR 3 =πR 2 *R is exactly the volume of the cylinder formed by the diaphragm area of the air chamber expanding forward and moving the radius R of the hemisphere;

[0109] At the initial moment t0 = 0, according to the law of conservation of matter, assume the volume of the convex hemispherical cup-shaped body compressed by the shock wave is V3, and the density increases to ρ3 = (3 / 4V1) / V3×ρ 液, the velocity is such that the maximum average value of the molecular cluster movement in the liquid flow is equal to the speed of sound c. From the inertial force F = (3 / 4V1×ρ 液 )×c = ρ3×c×((3 / 4V1) / Δt)_, we can obtain ρ3 = ρ 液 / Δt. Combining with the aforementioned ρ3, we can further obtain: V3 = (3 / 4V1) / Δt = (-k)×(3 / 4V1) / (ln(P2 / P1)). Here, the negative sign indicates that the volume V3 of the convex hemispherical cup-shaped body where the shock wave is compressed is compressed; the volume compression ratio (V3 / (3 / 4V1)) is related to the pressure ratio and the attenuation coefficient k. Since the shock wave itself is a compression wave, under the action of the inertial force F, a normal shock wave formed in the straight through-flow channel moves forward. In front of it is also a strong disturbance compression wave. The change in fluid pressure Δp caused by its disturbance is a finite large value. From the perspective of energy conservation, it will not exceed P1 - P2, but it is sufficient to cause significant changes in the flow parameters in front of the shock wave front, such as an increase in pressure and an acceleration of the flow velocity, etc. Therefore, the shock wave pushes the liquid flow in front to accelerate and roll forward along the pipe wall. Also, because the rear of the shock wave is an expansion wave, there is also a small pressure disturbance in the liquid flow behind the shock wave, which propagates in the form of a wave. The propagation speed is equal to the speed of sound c minus the forward movement speed v of the shock wave. The change in fluid pressure Δp it causes is very small, that is, the change in fluid pressure Δp approaches 0, resulting in a weak change in the flow parameters before and after the disturbance, but it is sufficient to reduce the friction of the pipe wall on the flow direction of the liquid flow behind. Moreover, the suction effect caused by the expansion of the oil liquid behind the shock wave or the inertial movement of the shock wave will accelerate the attracting flow of the liquid flow to the previous shock wave. In the liquid flow in front of the shock wave, the fluid oil that is crushed by the shock wave front has an attached wall viscous rotational inertia and is swirled into the rear of the shock wave to form a vortex, and then is pushed by the subsequent shock wave to accelerate and roll, thus reducing the friction of the pipe wall for the subsequent shock wave, enabling the liquid flow to propagate forward at a high speed almost close to the speed of sound c. Because |sinkt| ≤ 1, Therefore, V3 ≤ V1×(k×Δt + C) = 4 / 3πR 3 ×(k×Δt + C), where C is the integration coefficient. Since the amount of oil liquid transmitted by each shock wave is also 0 at Δt = 0, so C = 0.

[0110] From Δt = (1 / (-k))ln(P2 / P1), we can obtain:

[0111] The shock wave volume V3 ≤ V1×(k×Δt) = 4 / 3πR 3 ×(-ln(P2 / P1))

[0112] That is, V3 ≤ 4 / 3πR 3×(-ln(P2 / P1)). That is to say, the larger the sphere radius R of the high-pressure gas chamber is, when P2 / P1 = 20 / 33, (-ln(P2 / P1)) ≈ 0.5, and the volume of the liquid flow shock wave is approximately 2 / 3πR 3 = V1, which is the volume of half a sphere; when the liquid flow shock wave reaches the diameter d of the conveying pipeline from the second expansion surface, the thickness δ of the liquid flow shock wave skin is just formed. At this time, the molecular clusters inside the shock wave move uniformly towards the shock wave front at their own sound speed. If the conical circular cross-section of the opening of the second expansion surface is set to be equal to the cross-sectional area of the conveying pipeline, then the pressure difference before and after the molecular clusters inside the shock wave is 0, that is, the acting pressure before the molecular clusters inside the shock wave skin is equal to the acting pressure after the shock wave skin and is equal to the pressure inside the conveying pipeline, which is 20 MPa; then, when P2 / P1 = 20 / 33 and (-ln(P2 / P1)) ≈ 0.5, the density ρ of the shock wave skin is:

[0113] ρ = (ρ 液 × 3 / 4V1) / V3 ≥ (ρ 液 × πR 3 ) / (4 / 3πR 3 × (-ln(P2 / P1))) = 3 / 4ρ 液 / (-ln(P2 / P1))

[0114] ≈ 3 / 2ρ 液

[0115] In the formula, ρ 液 is the density of the liquid, ρ is the density of the shock wave, and R is the sphere radius of the high-pressure gas chamber;

[0116] Also, since the molecular clusters inside the shock wave skin move at the highest sound speed of the internal molecules of the oil liquid, although the thickness δ of the liquid flow shock wave skin is small, the compression density is large, that is, ρ ≥ 3 / 2ρ 液 , then:

[0117] (ρ × V3) × c ≥ (V3 × 3 / 4ρ 液 / (-ln(P2 / P1)) ≈ 3 / 2ρ 液 × V3 × c

[0118] The momentum is very large and the impact force is large, resulting in the pressure in front of the shock wave being greater than the liquid flow pressure inside the conveying pipeline. Furthermore, the shock wave can push the flowing oil liquid in front of the shock wave inside the pipeline to accelerate and roll forward.

[0119] Specifically, the first Laval nozzle 12 has the structure and ability to generate supersonic shock waves: when the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure gas chamber 5 expands and does work, the charging and discharging port 7 is in a closed state. The expanding air flow in the rotating body cannot flow through the charging and discharging port 7 inside the arc transition surface, and can only rely on the supporting reaction force of the inner wall of the arc transition surface. Therefore, the shock wave generator body 2 where the high-pressure gas chamber 5 is located should be firmly fixed to prevent the impact formed by the reaction force. After passing through the inside of the first conical surface 8 and the inside of the second conical surface 9, it is gradually compressed to form an accelerating air flow, which expands and accelerates through the throat 10 and the first expansion cone surface 11, and then forms a shock wave that impacts the diaphragm 13.

[0120] As a preferred implementation manner, an installation groove is provided on one side of the shock wave generator body 2 facing the cover plate 27, so that a cavity capable of accommodating the valve core 33 is formed between the cover plate 27 and the shock wave generator; thrust bearings 24 are respectively provided between the end face of the valve core 33 and the end face of the shock wave generator body 2, and between the end face of the valve core 33 and the end face of the cover plate 27.

[0121] Specifically, the provision of the installation groove enables the valve core 33 to be installed inside the shock wave generator body 2, so that a sealed connection can be formed between the end of the shock wave generator body 2 and the cover plate 27, and there will be no mutual interference due to the valve core 33. By providing the thrust bearings 24, the valve core 33 can be stably connected inside the shock wave generator body 2, preventing axial deflection during the rotation of the valve core 33.

[0122] As a preferred implementation manner, the driving ring 25 of the linear motor is coaxially connected inside the shock wave generator body 2 outside the valve core 33 and is annularly connected to the inner wall of the installation groove. The external measurement and control wire harness 32 can extend into the installation groove to be connected to the driving ring 25; the external measurement and control wire harness 32 can extend into the installation groove to be connected to the driving ring 25; an annular magnetic strip is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the valve core 33, and there is a preset gap between the outer peripheral surface of the annular magnetic strip and the inner peripheral surface of the driving ring 25, so that the annular magnetic strip can drive the valve core 33 to rotate or swing relative to the driving ring 25 after the driving ring 25 is powered on.

[0123] A linear motor is a transmission device that directly converts electrical energy into mechanical energy of linear motion without any intermediate conversion mechanism. It can be regarded as a rotating motor cut radially and unfolded into a plane. The part corresponding to the stator of the rotating motor is called the primary, and the part corresponding to the rotor of the rotating motor is called the secondary; when polyphase alternating current changes in the primary winding, a traveling alternating magnetic field is generated, which is called a traveling wave magnetic field. Under the action of the traveling wave magnetic field and the secondary permanent magnet, a driving force is generated, thereby realizing the linear motion of the moving part.

[0124] As a preferred embodiment, a first support groove is further formed in the shock wave generator body 2, and a second support groove corresponding to the first support groove is formed in the cover plate 27; the valve core 33 has a rotation shaft, one end of the rotation shaft is supported in the first support groove through a bearing, and the other end of the rotation shaft is supported in the second support groove through a bearing.

[0125] One end of the rotation shaft of the valve core 33 is connected inside the shock wave generator body 2, and the other end can extend into the cover plate 27. Then, a first support groove is formed in the shock wave generator body 2, a bearing connecting the rotation shaft is installed in the first support groove, a second support groove corresponding to the first support groove is formed in the cover plate 27, and a bearing connecting the rotation shaft is installed in the second support groove, so that the rotation shaft of the valve core 33 is rotatably connected inside the shock wave generator body 2.

[0126] Furthermore, the bearing can be an angular contact bearing or a deep groove ball bearing; preferably, a high-speed deep groove ball bearing is used.

[0127] As a preferred embodiment, one side where the gas chamber 61 of the explosion chamber 6 is located has a semi-spherical surface, the liquid chamber 62 of the explosion chamber 6 has a rotary structure, and a third conical surface 15 and a fourth conical surface 16 with gradually decreasing rotary diameters are sequentially connected along the rotation shaft direction from the cross-section where the diaphragm 13 is located to the side away from the semi-spherical surface, so as to facilitate reducing the excessive wall adhesion resistance and the viscous influence of the boundary layer thickening with the flow length during gas flow; one side where the liquid chamber 62 of the explosion chamber 6 is located has a third conical surface 15 and a fourth conical surface 16 connected in sequence along the axial direction, and the third conical surface 15 is connected to the semi-spherical surface of the gas chamber 61; the fourth conical surface 16 makes the liquid chamber 62 form a conical nozzle; the diaphragm 13 is arranged between the shock wave generator body 2 and the shock wave generator main body 1 to ensure that the diaphragm 13 is located on the cross-section of the semi-spherical surface inside the explosion chamber 6;

[0128] The injection channel includes a Laval small throat structure formed by connecting a small chamfered throat 18 and a second expansion cone surface 19; by rotating the valve core 33, the fourth conical surface 16 can be correspondingly connected to the small chamfered throat in the injection channel, and the second expansion cone surface 19 in the shock wave generator body can be correspondingly connected to the third expansion cone surface 20 provided in the shock wave channel. One side of the small chamfered throat of the injection channel has a third conical surface 15 and a fourth conical surface 16 with gradually decreasing inner diameter dimensions, and the other side of the small chamfered throat of the injection channel has a second expansion cone surface and a third expansion cone surface with gradually increasing dimensions; the third conical surface 15, the fourth conical surface 16, the small chamfered throat of the injection channel, the second expansion cone surface and the third expansion cone surface form a second Laval nozzle; the second expansion cone surface 19 is connected to the third expansion cone surface 20; the inner diameter dimensions of the third conical surface 15 and the fourth conical surface 16 gradually decrease to form the contraction section of the second Laval nozzle 21; the inner diameter dimensions from the second expansion cone surface 19 to the third expansion cone surface 20 gradually increase to form the expansion section of the second Laval nozzle 21.

[0129] Specifically, the small chamfered throat 18 of the second Laval nozzle 21 is served by the small chamfered throat 18 of the injection channel, and the area of the small chamfered throat 18 of the second Laval nozzle 21 can be adjusted according to the area of the small chamfered throat 18 of the Laval small throat 10 in different injection channels in the rotating valve core 33; the areas of the small chamfered throats 18 of the Laval small throats 10 in the injection channel can be different or the same.

[0130] Specifically, the port diameters of the large end of the second expansion cone surface 19 of the injection channel and the small end of the third expansion cone surface 20 of the shock wave channel 23 are equal, so that the expansion section of the second Laval nozzle 21 is composed of the second expansion cone surface 19 of the injection channel and the third expansion cone surface 20 of the shock wave channel 23.

[0131] When the driving mechanism drives the valve core 33 to rotate or swing so that the injection channel is connected to the conical nozzle of the liquid cavity and the shock wave channel, the structure of the Laval small throat in the injection channel has an auxiliary function of automatic centering under the impact of the initial liquid flow, so as to facilitate the formation of a normal shock wave rather than an oblique shock wave when the hydraulic oil is compressed and accelerated through the contraction section and the small chamfered throat of the injection channel is at the center of the second Laval nozzle 21, reducing the energy loss of the shock wave.

[0132] As a preferred embodiment, the shock wave generator main body 1 is connected to the shock wave generator body 2 by a first bolt group, and a first static seal assembly 29 is connected between the shock wave generator main body 1 and the shock wave generator body 2 to ensure reliable high-pressure sealing between the shock wave generator body 2 and the shock wave generator main body 1; the shock wave generator main body 1 is connected to the cover plate by a second bolt group, and a second static seal assembly 28 is connected between the end face of the shock wave generator body 2 and the cover plate 27 to ensure reliable high-pressure sealing between the shock wave generator body 2 and the cover plate.

[0133] It should be noted that the first static seal assembly 28 and the second static seal assembly 29 can adopt an annular structure or a rectangular structure, and preferably an annular structure. The first static seal assembly 28 or the second static seal assembly 29 can adopt an O-ring, a gasket or other structures that can achieve static sealing, and there is no specific limitation.

[0134] As a preferred embodiment, the first fluid passage 3 is opened in the shock wave generator main body 1 perpendicular to the rotation axis of the high-pressure gas chamber 5; the charging and discharging port 7 of the high-pressure gas chamber 5 is arranged along the rotation axis of the high-pressure gas chamber 5, and the charging and discharging port 7 can communicate the first fluid passage 3 with the high-pressure gas chamber 5; a high-pressure charging and discharging control port is opened on the shock wave generator main body 1 for the first fluid passage 3, and a first control valve is arranged at the high-pressure charging and discharging control port. The first control valve has a first working state of cutting off the exhaust of the high-pressure gas chamber 5 to the outside, and a second working state of being connected to an external gas source to input gas into the high-pressure gas chamber 5 through the charging port and the first fluid passage 3. It should be noted that the charging and discharging port 7 is tangent to the outer surface of the hemisphere of the high-pressure gas chamber 5, so that the charging and discharging port 7 can achieve the shortest distance from the first fluid passage to the inside of the high-pressure gas chamber.

[0135] By setting the first control valve, two working states can be realized. The first working state is to make the external high-pressure gas enter the high-pressure gas chamber 5 through the first fluid passage 3, so that the pressure of the gas in the high-pressure gas chamber 5 expands and the pressure rises, which can impact the diaphragm 13; the second state is to prevent the gas in the high-pressure gas chamber 5 from flowing back through the first fluid passage 3 to the external gas source and prevent air leakage.

[0136] Similarly, the second fluid passage 4 is opened in the shock wave generator body 2 and communicates with the liquid chamber 62 of the explosion chamber 6; a fluid inlet is opened on the shock wave generator body 2 for the second fluid passage 4, which is used to connect with an external high-pressure oil source, so that high-pressure hydraulic oil enters the liquid chamber through the fluid inlet and the second fluid passage 4.

[0137] A second fluid passage 4 is provided in the shock wave generator body 2. The second fluid passage 4 has a fluid inlet communicating with the outside of the shock wave generator body 2. By connecting to an external hydraulic oil source through the fluid inlet 14, high-pressure hydraulic oil enters the liquid chamber 62 through the fluid inlet and the second fluid passage 4. A second control valve or a first one-way valve is provided at the fluid inlet 14 of the second fluid passage 4. The second control valve or the first one-way valve has a first working state of blocking the backflow of the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber 62 to the external hydraulic oil source, and a second working state of connecting to an external high-pressure oil source to input the oil through the fluid inlet and the second fluid passage 4 into the liquid chamber 62 in the blast chamber 6.

[0138] By providing a second control valve or a first one-way valve, two working states can be achieved. The first working state is to input the high-pressure hydraulic oil from the outside through the second fluid passage 4 into the liquid chamber 62, so that after the pressure of the compressed gas in the high-pressure gas chamber 5 increases and impacts the diaphragm 13, the diaphragm 13 further impacts the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber 62 under the action of the impact gas, causing the outflowing hydraulic oil to be compressed and accelerated through the contraction section. The accelerated hydraulic oil forms a normal shock wave through the second Laval nozzle 21. The second state is to prevent the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber 62 from returning to the outside through the second fluid passage 4.

[0139] In order to prevent the hydraulic oil entering the liquid chamber 62 from flowing back from the liquid chamber 62 to the external high-pressure oil source, another implementation manner can be adopted. A second one-way valve is provided in the second fluid passage 4, so that the external high-pressure oil source can enter the liquid chamber 62 of the blast chamber 6 through the second one-way valve, and the hydraulic oil can only flow from the high-pressure oil source to the second fluid passage 4 and cannot flow back to the external high-pressure oil source through the second one-way valve.

[0140] Furthermore, the first control valve can be a two-way two-position valve to realize the inflation and deflation of the high-pressure gas chamber 5; or, the second control valve can be a two-way two-position valve to realize the oil inlet and oil discharge in the liquid chamber 62.

[0141] What is not described in this application can be realized by adopting or referring to the existing technology.

[0142] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other, and the key points of each embodiment are the differences from other embodiments.

[0143] The above are only the embodiments of this application and are not used to limit this application. For those skilled in the art, this application can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of this application shall be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A liquid flow shock wave generator, characterized in that, Comprising: A shock wave generator, including a shock wave generator body and a shock wave generator main body, so as to form a series-connected high-pressure gas chamber and a blast chamber; The inside of the blast chamber is separated into a gas chamber and a liquid chamber by a diaphragm; the shock wave generator main body and the shock wave generator body are separated between the gas chamber and the liquid chamber; the high-pressure gas chamber has a first fluid passage for receiving external gas charging and discharging, and a throat of a first Laval nozzle that converges first and then expands and leads to the gas chamber; the liquid chamber has a second fluid passage for receiving external high-pressure fluid and a conical nozzle facing the valve core; A valve core, which is placed inside the shock wave generator body. The valve core has a rotation axis, and a plurality of injection channels corresponding to the conical nozzle are annularly arranged around the rotation axis; A linear motor, including a driving ring formed by annularly arranging a rotating motor stator inside the shock wave generator body, and an annular magnetic strip formed by arranging a rotating motor rotor outside the valve core; the annular magnetic strip can drive the valve core to rotate or swing under the drive of the driving ring; A cover plate, which is hermetically connected to the shock wave generator body; a shock wave channel corresponding to the conical nozzle through the injection channel is arranged inside the cover plate; the conical nozzle, the injection channel and the shock wave channel form a second Laval nozzle; When the high-pressure fluid at the conical nozzle suddenly decompresses, the gas on the other side of the diaphragm expands rapidly, triggering the gas in the high-pressure gas chamber to eject an air flow shock wave from the throat of the first Laval nozzle. This air flow shock wave pushes the high-pressure fluid in the liquid chamber through the diaphragm and bulges out a liquid flow shock wave through the second Laval nozzle; The maximum circular area of the outlet of the shock wave channel and the minimum cross-sectional area of the plurality of injection channels form a second Laval nozzle with the same or different expansion ratios, so as to control the occurrence of the liquid flow shock wave within the third expansion cone surface under different back pressures.

2. The liquid flow shock wave generator according to claim 1, wherein The high-pressure gas chamber is a rotating body, and one end thereof has a cavity with a hemispherical structure; the gas charging and discharging port of the high-pressure gas chamber is directly connected to the cavity with the hemispherical structure; The first Laval nozzle that converges first and then expands and leads to the gas chamber includes a first conical surface, a second conical surface in the high-pressure gas chamber, a throat connecting the high-pressure gas chamber and the gas chamber of the blast chamber, and a first expansion cone surface formed by tangentially connecting the throat and the spherical surface of the hemispherical cavity of the gas chamber; the rotary diameter dimension of the high-pressure gas chamber gradually decreases from the cross-section of the cavity with the hemispherical structure to the first conical surface and then to the second conical surface, so as to facilitate reducing the excessive wall adhesion resistance and the viscous influence of the boundary layer thickening with the flow length during gas flow; the second conical surface is connected to the throat; the rotary diameter dimension of the first expansion cone surface gradually increases from the throat to the gas chamber, thereby forming the expansion section of the first Laval nozzle that converges first and then expands.

3. The liquid flow shock wave generator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The volume of the hemispherical cavity of the high-pressure gas chamber is equal to the volume of the cavity body enclosed by the first conical surface and the second conical surface, so that the volume of the entire high-pressure gas chamber is equal to 2 times the volume of the hemispherical cavity of the high-pressure gas chamber; the volume of the hemispherical cavity of the gas chamber is not greater than the volume of the hemispherical cavity of the high-pressure gas chamber, so as to facilitate at least 2 / 3 of the expanding gas coming from the high-pressure gas chamber; After a preset high-pressure gas is filled into the high-pressure gas chamber, the charging and discharging port is in a closed state, and the liquid chamber of the blast chamber is filled with high-pressure liquid, causing the diaphragm to bulge towards the gas chamber; when the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber is higher than the outlet pressure of the shock wave channel, when the spool is rotated or swung by the driving mechanism to connect the injection channel with the conical nozzle and the shock wave channel, the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber is ejected first, resulting in a sudden decrease in pressure at the diaphragm, causing the high-pressure gas in the gas chamber and the high-pressure gas chamber to expand and do work externally. The working airflow within at least 1 / 2 of the volume of the hemisphere rushes towards the throat and is compressed inside the first conical surface and the second conical surface to form a continuously accelerating compressed airflow, which is expanded and accelerated again after passing through the throat and the first expansion conical surface, thereby forming an impact airflow shock wave on the diaphragm in the gas chamber. This impact airflow shock wave passes through the diaphragm and impacts the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber, causing the outflowing hydraulic oil to be compressed and accelerated through the contraction section, and the accelerated hydraulic oil forms a liquid flow shock wave after passing through the second Laval nozzle.

4. The liquid flow shock wave generator according to claim 2, wherein One side of the blast chamber where the gas chamber is located has a semi-spherical surface. The liquid chamber of the blast chamber has a rotary structure. Along the direction of the rotation axis, a third conical surface and a fourth conical surface with gradually decreasing rotary diameters are sequentially connected from the cross-section where the diaphragm is located to the side away from the semi-spherical surface, so as to reduce the excessive wall adhesion resistance and the viscous influence of the boundary layer thickening with the flow length during the oil flow. The injection channel has a Laval small throat structure composed of a small chamfered throat and a second expansion conical surface connection; by rotating the spool, the fourth conical surface can be correspondingly connected to the small chamfered throat in the injection channel, and the second expansion conical surface in the injection channel can be correspondingly connected to the third expansion conical surface provided in the shock wave channel, thereby forming a second Laval nozzle jointly composed of the third conical surface, the fourth conical surface, the contraction section with gradually decreasing inner diameter size, the small chamfered throat of the injection channel, and the expansion section with gradually increasing inner diameter size composed of the second expansion conical surface to the third expansion conical surface.

5. A liquid flow shock wave generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, An installation groove is opened on the side of the shock wave generator body facing the cover plate, so that a cavity capable of accommodating the spool and the linear motor is formed between the cover plate and the shock wave generator; a first support groove is also opened in the shock wave generator body, and a second support groove corresponding to the first support groove is opened in the cover plate; one end of the spool rotation axis is supported in the first support groove by a bearing, and the other end of the rotation axis is supported in the second support groove by a bearing; thrust bearings are respectively arranged between the end face of the spool and the end face of the shock wave generator body, and between the end face of the spool and the end face of the cover plate.

6. The fluid flow shock wave generator according to claim 5, wherein, The driving ring of the linear motor is annularly arranged on the inner wall of the installation groove, and is coaxial with the spool rotation axis, and has a preset gap with the outer peripheral surface of the annular magnetic strip arranged on the outer periphery of the spool; the measurement and control wire harness of the driving ring can extend into the installation groove through the shock wave generator body to be connected to the driving ring, and the driving ring is controlled to drive the annular magnetic strip to drive the spool to rotate or swing.

7. The liquid flow shock wave generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shock wave generator body is connected to the shock wave generator main body through a first bolt group, and a first static seal assembly is provided between the shock wave generator body and the shock wave generator main body to ensure reliable sealing between the shock wave generator main body and the shock wave generator body; the shock wave generator main body is connected to the cover plate through a second bolt group, and a second static seal assembly is provided between the end face of the shock wave generator main body and the cover plate to ensure reliable sealing between the shock wave generator main body and the cover plate.

8. The liquid flow shock wave generator according to claim 1, wherein The first fluid passage is opened in the shock wave generator body and is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the high-pressure gas chamber; the charging and discharging port of the high-pressure gas chamber is arranged along the rotation axis of the high-pressure gas chamber, and the charging and discharging port can communicate the first fluid passage with the high-pressure gas chamber; a high-pressure charging and discharging control port is opened on the shock wave generator body in the first fluid passage, and a first control valve is arranged at the high-pressure charging and discharging control port. The first control valve has a first working state of cutting off the exhaust of the high-pressure gas chamber to the outside, and a second working state of being connected to an external gas source to input gas into the high-pressure gas chamber through the charging port and the first fluid passage.

9. The liquid flow shock wave generator according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second fluid passage is opened in the shock wave generator body and communicates with the liquid chamber of the explosion chamber; a fluid inlet is opened on the shock wave generator body in the second fluid passage for connecting to an external high-pressure oil source, so that high-pressure hydraulic oil enters the liquid chamber through the fluid inlet and the second fluid passage.

10. A liquid flow shock wave generator according to claim 9, characterized in that a second control valve or a first one-way valve is arranged at the fluid inlet of the second fluid passage. The second control valve or the first one-way valve has a first working state of cutting off the backflow of the hydraulic oil in the liquid chamber to the external hydraulic oil source, and a second working state of being connected to an external high-pressure oil source to input oil through the fluid inlet and the second fluid passage into the liquid chamber in the explosion chamber; or a second one-way valve is arranged in the second fluid passage, so that the external high-pressure oil source can enter the liquid chamber of the explosion chamber through the second one-way valve, and the oil in the liquid chamber cannot flow back to the external high-pressure oil source through the second one-way valve.

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