Pre-compression supercooled liquid hydrogen pressurization system

Abstract

The invention provides a pre-compression supercooled liquid hydrogen pressurization system which comprises a liquid hydrogen storage tank (1), a liquid hydrogen storage tank outlet switch valve (2), a liquid hydrogen pipeline (3), a pre-compression pump (4), a supercooled liquid hydrogen pipeline (5), a liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump (6), a low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen pipeline (7), a low-temperature high-pressure one-way valve (8) and a low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen application unit (9). The loss of reciprocating compression volume efficiency during high-pressure compression due to gasification caused by saturated liquid suction type pressure loss is avoided, and the efficiency of the liquid hydrogen booster pump is improved. And as the supercharged pressure of the pre-compression pump (4) is relatively low, the power consumption is much lower than that of high-pressure compression, and the efficiency of the whole supercharging process is improved at relatively low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy, and particularly to a pre-compressed subcooled liquid hydrogen boosting system. Background Art

[0002] Liquid hydrogen is one of the important forms of hydrogen energy utilization. A liquid hydrogen refueling station is a facility for effectively utilizing liquid hydrogen and can provide fuel for hydrogen fuel vehicles. In mature foreign processes, gaseous hydrogen is usually cooled to 20K for liquefaction in a liquid hydrogen plant, transported to a liquid hydrogen tanker through a cryogenic transmission pipeline, and then the liquid hydrogen is transported to the refueling station by the liquid hydrogen tanker and again transported to the in-station liquid hydrogen storage tank through a cryogenic transmission pipeline for storage. Currently, a liquid hydrogen storage and gaseous hydrogen refueling station needs to provide 35 / 70MPa high-pressure gaseous hydrogen to a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, and the power consumption required for liquid compression is lower than that for gas compression. Therefore, a liquid hydrogen refueling station usually uses a liquid hydrogen booster pump to boost the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank from 1 - 3 bar to the required pressure for refueling, and then reaches the required temperature and pressure conditions after gasification and rewarming.

[0003] The liquid hydrogen booster pump used in a liquid hydrogen refueling station is a reciprocating piston pump. The liquid hydrogen at the inlet of the liquid hydrogen pump is usually in a saturated state and directly enters the compression chamber through the inlet valve. The cross-sectional area at the inlet valve becomes smaller, the flow velocity increases, the dynamic pressure increases and the static pressure decreases, and the existence of flow losses makes the pressure entering the compression chamber lower than the saturation pressure, causing partial gasification of the liquid hydrogen, resulting in a reduction in the liquid intake volume of the compression chamber, reducing the volumetric efficiency of the pump, and in severe cases, the pump cannot suck in liquid hydrogen. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to provide a pre-compressed subcooled liquid hydrogen boosting system that can improve the volumetric efficiency of a liquid hydrogen pump to address the technical problem that the existing liquid hydrogen pump is prone to gasification and has low volumetric efficiency when sucking in saturated liquid hydrogen.

[0005] To solve the above problems, this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] This application provides a pre-compressed subcooled liquid hydrogen boosting system, including: a liquid hydrogen storage tank (1), a liquid hydrogen storage tank outlet switch valve (2), a liquid hydrogen pipeline (3), a pre-compression pump (4), a subcooled liquid hydrogen pipeline (5), a liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump (6), a cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen pipeline (7), a cryogenic high-pressure check valve (8), and a cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen application unit (9), where:

[0007] The stored liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) exits from the liquid outlet when the outlet switch valve (2) of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is opened. The liquid hydrogen enters the pre-compression pump (4) through the liquid hydrogen pipeline (3) for pre-compression. The subcooled liquid hydrogen formed by pre-compression enters the liquid hydrogen booster pump (6) through the subcooled liquid hydrogen pipeline (5), and is pressurized in the liquid hydrogen booster pump (7) to form high-pressure low-temperature hydrogen. The high-pressure low-temperature hydrogen enters the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen application unit (10) through the high-pressure low-temperature hydrogen pipeline (9) for further application.

[0008] In some embodiments, the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) is a cryogenic storage tank with a vacuum multi-layer insulation structure, and the working pressure is in the range of 1 to 5 bar.

[0009] In some embodiments, both the liquid hydrogen pipeline (3) and the subcooled liquid hydrogen pipeline 5 are low-temperature fluid transmission pipelines with a vacuum multi-layer insulation structure. The low-temperature fluid transmission pipeline with a vacuum multi-layer insulation structure can be a metal hard pipe or a metal flexible pipe, and a low-temperature joint can be installed in the middle according to needs.

[0010] In some embodiments, the pre-compression pump (4) is a ground pre-compression pump with a relatively low boost ratio. The ground pre-compression pump can be a centrifugal pump or a piston pump. The pre-compression pump (4) can subcool the inlet liquid hydrogen of the liquid hydrogen booster pump (6) by 0.5 K to 3 K.

[0011] In some embodiments, the liquid hydrogen booster pump (6) is a piston-type single-stage or multi-stage reciprocating booster pump. The liquid hydrogen booster pump (6) can boost the inlet pressure in the range of 1 to 6 bar to various pressures below 90 MPa.

[0012] In some embodiments, the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen application unit (10) is an application system for the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen discharged from the outlet of the liquid hydrogen booster pump (6). The low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen application unit includes a high-pressure vaporizer or a high-pressure gas storage tank or a hydrogen filling machine.

[0013] The present application also provides a pre-compression subcooled liquid hydrogen boosting system, including: a liquid hydrogen storage tank (1), a liquid hydrogen storage tank outlet switch valve (2), a liquid hydrogen pipeline (3), a two-stage liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump (4) with a pre-compression stage, a low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen pipeline (5), a low-temperature high-pressure one-way valve (6), and a low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen application unit (7), wherein:

[0014] The liquid hydrogen stored in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) is discharged from the liquid outlet when the liquid hydrogen storage tank outlet switch valve (2) is opened. The liquid hydrogen enters the two-stage liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump (4) with a pre-compression stage through the liquid hydrogen pipeline (3). The pre-compression stage of the two-stage liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump (4) with a pre-compression stage realizes low-intensity compression and then enters the high-pressure stage for compression and realizes pressurization in the high-pressure stage to form high-pressure and low-temperature hydrogen. The high-pressure and low-temperature hydrogen enters the low-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen application unit (7) through the high-pressure and low-temperature hydrogen pipeline (5) and the above-mentioned low-temperature and high-pressure one-way valve (6) for further application.

[0015] In some of these embodiments, the pressure increase to 90 MPa or less is achieved in the high pressure stage.

[0016] This application adopts the above technical solution, and its beneficial effects are as follows:

[0017] The pre-compression supercooled liquid hydrogen boosting system provided by the present application adopts a pre-compression pump (4) to provide supercooling for the inlet liquid hydrogen of the liquid hydrogen boosting pump (6), or adopts a two-stage liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump (4) with a pre-compression stage, thereby avoiding the loss of reciprocating compression volumetric efficiency during high-pressure compression caused by gasification due to saturated liquid suction pressure loss, thereby improving the efficiency of the liquid hydrogen boosting pump. In addition, since the boosting pressure of the pre-compression pump (4) is relatively small, the power consumption is much lower than that of high-pressure compression, thereby improving the efficiency of the entire boosting process at a relatively low cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pre-compression subcooled liquid hydrogen boosting system provided in Example 1 of the present application.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pre-compression subcooled liquid hydrogen boosting system provided in Example 2 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0022] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0023] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application clearer, the following takes the multi-functional detection of atherosclerosis in blood vessels as an example, and in combination with the drawings and embodiments, the present application will be further described in detail.

[0025] Embodiment 1

[0026] Please refer to Figure 1 , the structural schematic diagram of the pre-compressed supercooled liquid hydrogen boosting system provided by Embodiment 1 of the present application, includes: liquid hydrogen storage tank (1), liquid hydrogen storage tank outlet switch valve (2), liquid hydrogen pipeline (3), pre-compression pump (4), supercooled liquid hydrogen pipeline (5), liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump (6), low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen pipeline (7), low-temperature high-pressure check valve (8) and low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen application unit (9). The following details the specific implementation manners of each component and their connection relationships.

[0027] In this embodiment, the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) is a low-temperature storage tank adopting a vacuum multi-layer adiabatic structure, and the working pressure is within the range of 1 to 5 bar.

[0028] In this embodiment, both the liquid hydrogen pipeline (3) and the supercooled liquid hydrogen pipeline (5) are low-temperature fluid transmission pipelines adopting a vacuum multi-layer adiabatic structure, which can be metal hard pipes or metal hoses, and low-temperature joints are installed in the middle as required.

[0029] In this embodiment, the pre-compression pump (4) is a low-pressure-boosting liquid hydrogen pump with a relatively low boosting pressure ratio, and can be various types of pre-compression pumps such as centrifugal pumps and piston pumps.

[0030] In this embodiment, the liquid hydrogen boosting pump (6) is a piston-type single-stage or multi-stage reciprocating boosting pump, which can boost the inlet pressure within the range of 1 to 6 bar to various pressures below 90 MPa, meeting the use requirements of hydrogen refueling stations.

[0031] In this embodiment, both the pre-compression pump (4) and the liquid hydrogen booster pump (6) have adiabatic structures to reduce the influence of environmental heat leakage.

[0032] In this embodiment, the cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen application unit (10) is an application system for the cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen discharged from the outlet of the liquid hydrogen booster pump, and includes a high-pressure vaporizer, a high-pressure gas storage tank, a hydrogen filling machine, etc. at the liquid hydrogen filling station.

[0033] The pre-compressed subcooled liquid hydrogen booster system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application works as follows:

[0034] The liquid hydrogen stored in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) is discharged from the liquid outlet when the outlet switch valve (2) of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is opened. The liquid hydrogen enters the pre-compression pump (4) through the liquid hydrogen pipeline (3) for pre-compression. The subcooled liquid hydrogen formed by pre-compression enters the liquid hydrogen booster pump (6) through the cold liquid hydrogen pipeline (5), and is pressurized in the liquid hydrogen booster pump (7) to form high-pressure cryogenic hydrogen. The high-pressure cryogenic hydrogen enters the cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen application unit (10) through the high-pressure cryogenic hydrogen pipeline (9) for further application.

[0035] In this embodiment, according to the physical properties of liquid hydrogen, under the conditions of good adiabatic and friction performance, the subcooling degree of liquid hydrogen will increase by 0.5K to 3K after pre-compression, which can greatly reduce the gas content in the liquid entering the liquid hydrogen booster pump (6) or even achieve full liquid suction, improve the piston volumetric efficiency of the liquid hydrogen booster pump (6), and reduce the compression power consumption.

[0036] For the pre-compressed subcooled liquid hydrogen booster system provided in the present application, the pre-compression pump (4) provides subcooling degree for the liquid hydrogen entering the liquid hydrogen booster pump (6), avoiding the loss of reciprocating compression volumetric efficiency caused by gasification due to the pressure loss of saturated liquid suction, and improving the efficiency of the liquid hydrogen booster pump (6). The pre-compression pump (4) has a relatively small boost pressure ratio, and its power consumption ratio is much lower than that of high-pressure compression, improving the efficiency of the entire boosting process at a relatively small cost.

[0037] Embodiment 2

[0038] Please refer to Figure 2 , Embodiment 2 of the present application also provides a pre-compressed subcooled liquid hydrogen booster system, including: a liquid hydrogen storage tank (1), a liquid hydrogen storage tank outlet switch valve (2), a liquid hydrogen pipeline (3), a two-stage liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump with a pre-compression stage (4), a high-pressure cryogenic hydrogen pipeline (5), a high-pressure cryogenic check valve (6), and a cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen application unit (7). The following details the specific implementation manners of each component and their connection relationships.

[0039] For the components in Embodiment 2 of the present application that are the same as those in Embodiment 1, reference can be made to the description in Embodiment 1, and details will not be repeated here.

[0040] The pre-compression subcooled liquid hydrogen pressurizing system provided in the above-mentioned embodiment 1 of the present application works as follows:

[0041] The liquid hydrogen stored in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) is discharged from the liquid outlet when the liquid hydrogen storage tank outlet switch valve (2) is opened. The liquid hydrogen enters the two-stage liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump (4) with a pre-compression stage through the liquid hydrogen pipeline (3). The pre-compression stage of the two-stage liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump (4) with a pre-compression stage realizes low-intensity compression and then enters the high-pressure stage for compression and realizes pressurization in the high-pressure stage to form high-pressure and low-temperature hydrogen. The high-pressure and low-temperature hydrogen enters the low-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen application unit (7) through the high-pressure and low-temperature hydrogen pipeline (5) and the above-mentioned low-temperature and high-pressure one-way valve (6) for further application.

[0042] In the present embodiment, the pressure is increased to 90 MPa or less in the high pressure stage.

[0043] The pre-compression supercooled liquid hydrogen boosting system provided by the present application adopts a two-stage liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump (4) with a pre-compression stage, thereby avoiding the loss of reciprocating compression volumetric efficiency during high-pressure compression caused by gasification due to saturated liquid suction pressure loss, thereby improving the efficiency of the liquid hydrogen boosting pump. In addition, since the boosting pressure is relatively small due to the use of a two-stage liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump (4) with a pre-compression stage, the power consumption is much lower than that of high-pressure compression, thereby improving the efficiency of the entire boosting process at a relatively low cost.

[0044] It can be understood that the technical features of the above-described embodiments can be arbitrarily combined. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0045] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and only specifically describe the technical principles of the present application. These descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present application and cannot be interpreted as limiting the scope of protection of the present application in any way. Based on the explanation here, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application, and other specific implementation methods of the present application that can be associated with the technicians in this field without creative work, should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A pre-compressed subcooled liquid hydrogen boosting system, characterized in that, Comprising: A liquid hydrogen storage tank (1), a liquid hydrogen storage tank outlet switch valve (2), a liquid hydrogen pipeline (3), a pre-compression pump (4), a subcooled liquid hydrogen pipeline (5), a liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump (6), a low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen pipeline (7), a low-temperature high-pressure check valve (8), and a low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen application unit (9), wherein: The liquid hydrogen stored in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) exits from the liquid outlet when the liquid hydrogen storage tank outlet switch valve (2) is opened. The liquid hydrogen enters the pre-compression pump (4) through the liquid hydrogen pipeline (3) for pre-compression. The subcooled liquid hydrogen formed by pre-compression enters the liquid hydrogen booster pump (6) through the subcooled liquid hydrogen pipeline (5), and is pressurized in the liquid hydrogen booster pump (7) to form high-pressure low-temperature hydrogen. The high-pressure low-temperature hydrogen enters the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen application unit (10) through the high-pressure low-temperature hydrogen pipeline (9) for further application.

2. The pre-compressed subcooled liquid hydrogen pressurization system according to claim 1, wherein The liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) is a low-temperature storage tank with a vacuum multi-layer insulation structure, and the working pressure is in the range of 1 to 5 bar.

3. The pre-compressed supercooled liquid hydrogen boosting system according to claim 1, wherein Both the liquid hydrogen pipeline (3) and the subcooled liquid hydrogen pipeline 5 are low-temperature fluid transmission pipelines with a vacuum multi-layer insulation structure. The vacuum multi-layer insulation structure low-temperature fluid transmission pipeline can be a metal hard pipe or a metal flexible pipe, and a low-temperature joint can be installed in the middle as needed.

4. The pre-compressed subcooled liquid hydrogen pressurization system according to claim 1, wherein The pre-compression pump (4) is a pre-compression pump with a relatively low pressure ratio. The pre-compression pump can be a centrifugal pump or a piston pump. The pre-compression pump (4) can subcool the inlet liquid hydrogen of the liquid hydrogen booster pump (6) by 0.5 K to 3 K.

5. The pre-compressed subcooled liquid hydrogen pressurization system according to claim 1, wherein The liquid hydrogen booster pump (6) is a piston-type single-stage or multi-stage reciprocating booster pump. The liquid hydrogen booster pump (6) can increase the inlet pressure in the range of 1 to 6 bar to various pressures below 90 MPa.

6. The pre-compressed supercooled liquid hydrogen pressurization system according to claim 1, characterized in that The low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen application unit (10) is an application system for the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen discharged from the outlet of the liquid hydrogen booster pump (6). The low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen application unit includes a high-pressure vaporizer, a high-pressure gas storage tank, or a hydrogen filling machine.

7. A pre-compressed subcooled liquid hydrogen pressurization system, characterized in that, Comprising: A liquid hydrogen storage tank (1), a liquid hydrogen storage tank outlet switch valve (2), a liquid hydrogen pipeline (3), a two-stage liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump with a pre-compression stage (4), a low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen pipeline (5), a low-temperature high-pressure check valve (6), and a low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen application unit (7), wherein: The liquid hydrogen stored in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) exits from the liquid outlet when the liquid hydrogen storage tank outlet switch valve (2) is opened. The liquid hydrogen enters the two-stage liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump with a pre-compression stage (4) through the liquid hydrogen pipeline (3). The pre-compression stage of the two-stage liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump with a pre-compression stage (4) realizes low-pressure ratio compression and then enters the high-pressure stage for compression and is pressurized in the high-pressure stage to form high-pressure low-temperature hydrogen. The high-pressure low-temperature hydrogen enters the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen application unit (7) through the high-pressure low-temperature hydrogen pipeline (5) by the above-mentioned low-temperature high-pressure check valve (6) for further application.

8. The pre-compressed subcooled liquid hydrogen boosting system according to claim 7, wherein Pressurization to 90 MPa or lower pressure is achieved in the high-pressure stage.

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