Gas pipeline leakage rapid positioning device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a gas pipeline leakage rapid positioning device and method, and belongs to the technical field of gas pipeline safety monitoring, and the device comprises sonic sensors which are disposed at the two end points and the middle point of a linear segment of a gas pipeline respectively and are used for collecting sonic signals generated by leakage in real time; the signal processing unit is connected with the sonic sensor and is used for carrying out band-pass filtering on the original signal and recording the arrival time of the signal; and the positioning calculation module calculates the length from the leakage point to one end point of the linear section according to the propagation speed of the sound wave in the pipeline, and outputs a positioning result. The method can solve the problems that a traditional method is complex in equipment and slow in positioning, leakage points can be quickly positioned only through a small number of sensors and simple calculation units, cost is low, installation is easy, and the method is particularly suitable for leakage emergency detection of gas pipelines of old communities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gas pipeline safety monitoring, and more particularly to a device and method for quickly locating gas pipeline leaks. Background Art

[0002] The current gas pipeline safety monitoring methods have the following drawbacks:

[0003] 1. Traditional detection relies on manual labor: The detection of gas pipeline leaks mainly relies on manual inspections. Inspectors use handheld leak detectors to check the pipeline section by section. This method is not only inefficient but also unable to achieve real-time monitoring. Especially in areas with complex pipeline layouts or harsh environments, the coverage and frequency of manual inspections are greatly limited. Manual inspections require high experience from operators and are prone to missed detections or misjudgments.

[0004] 2. High false alarm rate of electronic noses: Some existing technologies use electronic nose sensors to detect the concentration of leaked gas. These sensors are easily interfered by other gases in the environment, such as kitchen fumes, vehicle exhausts, or industrial emissions. These interfering gases may cause false alarms, increasing unnecessary maintenance costs and even affecting normal production and living order.

[0005] 3. High cost of complex equipment: Some advanced technologies use fiber optic sensing or distributed pressure monitoring systems. Although these systems can achieve high-precision detection, they require laying dedicated lines and installing complex equipment, resulting in high deployment costs. For gas pipe networks in old residential areas or remote areas, such high-cost solutions are difficult to promote and implement.

[0006] 4. Insufficient positioning accuracy: Some simple acoustic detection devices can determine whether a leak exists but cannot accurately locate the specific position of the leak point. Such devices usually can only provide a general leak area, and subsequent manual further inspections are still required, resulting in an extended repair time, increasing safety hazards and economic losses.

[0007] In view of the above problems, there is an urgent need for a low-cost and easily deployable gas pipeline leak detection device that can quickly locate the leak point when a leak occurs, reduce manual intervention, lower the false alarm rate, and be applicable to various complex environments. Especially for scenarios such as old residential areas and urban underground pipe networks, a simple, efficient, and economically practical solution is needed to improve the efficiency and reliability of gas pipeline safety monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical task of the present invention is to address the above deficiencies and provide a rapid gas pipeline leakage positioning device and method, which can solve the problems of complex equipment and slow positioning in traditional methods. It can achieve rapid leakage point positioning with only a small number of sensors and a simple calculation unit, with low cost and easy installation, and is particularly suitable for leakage emergency detection of gas pipelines in old communities.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is as follows:

[0010] A rapid gas pipeline leakage positioning device, comprising:

[0011] Acoustic wave sensors, which are respectively deployed at both end points and the midpoint of the straight section of the gas pipeline, and are used to collect the acoustic wave signals generated by leakage in real time;

[0012] A signal processing unit, connected to the acoustic wave sensors, is used to perform band-pass filtering on the original signals and record the signal arrival times;

[0013] A positioning calculation module, according to the propagation speed of acoustic waves in the pipeline, calculates the length of the leakage point from one end point of the straight section and outputs the positioning result.

[0014] This device deploys acoustic wave sensors at intervals along the pipeline, collects the acoustic wave signals generated by leakage in real time, and calculates the leakage point position using the time difference of the signals arriving at different sensors. By optimizing the sensor layout method and the time difference calculation algorithm, the problems of low positioning accuracy and complex equipment in traditional methods are solved. It can reduce the number of sensors, lower the deployment cost; can quickly calculate the leakage point using a simple time difference algorithm; and can adapt to noise interference in complex environments.

[0015] Further, the number of the acoustic wave sensors is three;

[0016] Let the two end points of the straight section of the gas pipeline be point A and point B respectively, and the midpoint be point C. The three acoustic wave sensors are respectively deployed at point A, point B and point C;

[0017] The signal arrival times of the three acoustic wave sensors recorded by the signal processing unit are respectively represented as: t a 、t b 、t c ;

[0018] The propagation speed of acoustic waves in the pipeline is represented as v, then the calculation formula for the length L of the leakage point from endpoint A is as follows:

[0019]

[0020] Further, the acoustic wave sensor is a magnetic adsorption contact sensor, the detection frequency range is 100Hz - 5kHz, and it is directly adsorbed on the pipeline surface during installation.

[0021] Further, the signal processing unit includes a second-order Butterworth filter for eliminating low-frequency vibration noise below 200 Hz and high-frequency interference above 2 kHz.

[0022] Further, the deployment spacing of the acoustic wave sensors does not exceed 50 meters, and the deployment points are located on the same straight line segment of the pipeline.

[0023] Further, the positioning calculation module integrates a time synchronization function, and the time recording error of the acoustic wave sensors is less than 1 millisecond.

[0024] The present invention also claims protection for a method for quickly locating gas pipeline leaks. For the above gas pipeline leak quick-locating device, the way to achieve quick location of gas pipeline leaks is as follows:

[0025] (1) When the acoustic wave signal is detected to exceed the preset threshold, record the signal arrival time of each sensor;

[0026] (2) Calculate the time difference Δt between the acoustic wave sensors at both ends of the straight line segment. If Δt < 0.1 second, it is determined that the leak point is located on this straight line segment;

[0027] (3) Calculate the exact position of the leak point from one end point of the straight line segment according to the formula and mark the result on the pipeline map.

[0028] Further, the preset threshold is 3 times the ambient noise level and is updated in real time through dynamic baseline calibration technology.

[0029] Further, when a leak occurs in the pipeline, the high-speed gas ejected from the leak opening will generate acoustic waves with a specific frequency. The acoustic waves propagate along the pipeline wall to both ends. The acoustic wave sensors collect the acoustic wave signals in real time and transmit them to the calculation unit by wired or wireless means;

[0030] The calculation unit performs band-pass filtering on the original signal, only retaining the effective frequency band of 200 Hz - 2 kHz, and uses a second-order Butterworth filter to eliminate low-frequency mechanical vibrations (such as pump operation) and high-frequency electronic interference;

[0031] When the acoustic wave signal is detected to exceed the preset threshold (such as 3 times the ambient noise level), record the exact time (t a 、t b 、t c ) when the signal arrives at the acoustic wave sensors, and control the time synchronization error within 1 millisecond.

[0032] Further, the specific implementation of gas pipeline straight line segment leak judgment and positioning is as follows:

[0033] Preliminary judgment:

[0034] Compare the time difference of signal arrival at the two endpoints A and B of the detection section: Δt = |t a -t b |. If Δt < 0.1 seconds, it indicates that the leakage point is located in the pipeline section between point A and point B; if Δt ≥ 0.1 seconds, it may be a sensor failure or environmental interference;

[0035] Precise positioning:

[0036] When it is confirmed that the leakage occurs in the A - B section, the detection data of the midpoint C is used to improve the accuracy. Let the propagation speed of sound waves in the metal pipeline be v, and calculate the length L of the leakage point from point A according to the following formula:

[0037]

[0038] Compared with the prior art, a rapid gas pipeline leakage positioning device and method of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0039] The present invention only requires a small number of sensors to achieve rapid positioning of the leakage point, and the cost is reduced by more than 70%;

[0040] The calculation process of the present invention does not require complex algorithms and can be implemented by an ordinary single-chip microcomputer;

[0041] The present invention can complete the positioning of the leakage point within 5 minutes, and the response speed is increased by 90%;

[0042] The present invention can be directly connected to the existing pipeline maintenance equipment without modifying the pipe network. Description of the Drawings

[0043] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the rapid gas pipeline leakage positioning method provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the sensor layout position provided by the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0045] The embodiment of the present invention provides a rapid gas pipeline leakage positioning device, including:

[0046] 1. Three acoustic wave sensors are respectively deployed at the two endpoints (point A, point B) and the midpoint (point C) of the straight section of the gas pipeline to collect the acoustic wave signals generated by the leakage in real time.

[0047] 2. A signal processing unit is connected to the acoustic wave sensors to perform band-pass filtering on the original signals and record the signal arrival times t a 、t b 、t c 。

[0048] 3. Positioning calculation module: Calculate the length from the leakage point to endpoint A of the straight section based on the propagation speed v of sound waves in the pipeline, and output the positioning result. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0049]

[0050] Among them, the acoustic wave sensor is a magnetic adsorption contact sensor, with a detection frequency range of 100Hz - 5kHz, and it is directly adsorbed on the pipeline surface during installation.

[0051] The signal processing unit includes a second-order Butterworth filter, which is used to eliminate low-frequency vibration noise below 200Hz and high-frequency interference above 2kHz.

[0052] The deployment spacing of the acoustic wave sensors does not exceed 50 meters, and the deployment points are located on the same straight section of the pipeline.

[0053] The positioning calculation module integrates a time synchronization function, and the time recording error of the acoustic wave sensors is less than 1 millisecond.

[0054] This device captures the acoustic wave signals generated by leakage through three acoustic wave sensors, and uses the time difference of the signals arriving at different sensors to quickly calculate the leakage point position. The whole process does not require complex algorithms or expensive equipment, and only basic signal processing and simple mathematical operations are needed to achieve positioning. The specific implementation process is divided into three core steps: sensor deployment, signal processing, time difference calculation and positioning.

[0055] Sensor deployment:

[0056] (1) Installation position selection:

[0057] On the straight section of the gas pipeline to be detected, select two endpoints (point A and point B) and the midpoint (point C) as the sensor installation positions. For example, for a 50-meter-long pipeline, the distance between point A and point B is 50 meters, and point C is located in the middle (at 25 meters), as Figure 2 shown.

[0058] (2) Fixing method:

[0059] The acoustic wave sensors use magnetic adsorption bases to be directly adsorbed on the pipeline surface, without drilling or welding. The installation process does not damage the pipeline structure, and the sensor housing has waterproof and dustproof functions, adapting to underground or outdoor environments.

[0060] (3) Signal detection range:

[0061] The detection frequency of the sensors covers 100Hz - 5kHz, and focuses on capturing the characteristic acoustic waves of 200Hz - 2kHz generated by gas injection during gas leakage, avoiding common environmental noises (such as vehicle vibrations, wind sounds).

[0062] Signal Processing:

[0063] (1) Signal Acquisition:

[0064] When a leak occurs in the pipeline, the high-speed gas ejected from the leak will generate sound waves with a specific frequency. The sound waves propagate along the pipeline wall to both ends. Three sensors collect the sound wave signals in real time and transmit them to the computing unit by wired or wireless means.

[0065] (2) Noise Filtering:

[0066] The computing unit performs band-pass filtering on the original signal, only retaining the effective frequency band of 200 Hz - 2 kHz, and uses a second-order Butterworth filter to eliminate low-frequency mechanical vibrations (such as the operation of water pumps) and high-frequency electronic interference.

[0067] (3) Time Marking:

[0068] When it is detected that the sound wave signal exceeds the preset threshold (for example, 3 times the ambient noise level), record the exact time (t a 、t b 、t c ) when the signal arrives at the sensor, and control the time synchronization error within 1 millisecond.

[0069] Time Difference Calculation and Location:

[0070] (1) Preliminary Judgment:

[0071] Compare the time difference Δt = |t a - t b | between the signal arrival times at points A and B. If Δt < 0.1 second, it indicates that the leak point is located in the pipeline section between A and B; if Δt ≥ 0.1 second, it may be a sensor failure or environmental interference.

[0072] (2) Precise Location:

[0073] When it is confirmed that the leak occurs in the A - B section, the detection data at the midpoint C is used to improve the accuracy. Assume that the propagation speed v of sound waves in the metal pipeline is approximately 1500 m / s, and calculate the length L of the leak point from point A according to the following formula:

[0074]

[0075] The device collects the acoustic signals generated by leakage in real time by deploying acoustic sensors at intervals along the pipeline, and calculates the location of the leakage point using the time difference of the signals arriving at different sensors. By optimizing the sensor layout method and the time difference calculation algorithm, the problems of low positioning accuracy and complex equipment in the traditional method are solved. It can reduce the number of sensors, lower the deployment cost; adopt a simple time difference algorithm to quickly calculate the leakage point; and can adapt to the noise interference in complex environments. This device is applicable to the leakage emergency detection of urban underground gas pipelines and household pipelines in communities.

[0076] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for quickly locating gas pipeline leakage. For the gas pipeline leakage quick location device described in the above embodiment, the way to achieve quick location of gas pipeline leakage is as follows:

[0077] 1. When the detected acoustic signal exceeds the preset threshold, record the signal arrival times t a 、t b 、t c ; of three sensors.

[0078] 2. Calculate the time difference Δt = |t a - t b | between the acoustic sensors at both ends A and B of the straight line segment. If Δt < 0.1 second, it is determined that the leakage point is located in the A - B section;

[0079] 3. Calculate the exact position L of the leakage point from point A according to the formula and mark the result on the pipeline map.

[0080] Among them, the preset threshold is 3 times the ambient noise level and is updated in real time through dynamic baseline calibration technology.

[0081] When the pipeline leaks, the high - speed jet of gas at the leakage opening will generate acoustic waves with a specific frequency. The acoustic waves propagate along the pipeline wall to both ends. Three acoustic sensors collect the acoustic signals in real time and transmit them to the calculation unit by wired or wireless means.

[0082] The calculation unit performs band - pass filtering on the original signal, only retaining the effective frequency band of 200 Hz - 2 kHz, and uses a second - order Butterworth filter to eliminate low - frequency mechanical vibrations (such as pump operation) and high - frequency electronic interference.

[0083] When the detected acoustic signal exceeds the preset threshold (such as 3 times the ambient noise level), record the exact times (t a 、t b 、t c ) when the signal arrives at the acoustic sensors, and control the time synchronization error within 1 millisecond.

[0084] For the specific implementation of leakage judgment and location of the gas pipeline straight line segment, it is as follows:

[0085] Preliminary judgment:

[0086] Compare the time difference Δt of the signal arrival at both ends A and B of the detection section: Δt = |t a - t b |. If Δt < 0.1 s, it indicates that the leakage point is located in the pipeline section between point A and point B; if Δt ≥ 0.1 s, it may be a sensor failure or environmental interference;

[0087] Precise positioning:

[0088] When it is confirmed that the leakage occurs in the A - B section, the detection data of the midpoint C is used to improve the accuracy. Assuming that the propagation speed v of sound waves in the metal pipeline is about 1500 m / s, calculate the length L of the leakage point from point A according to the following formula:

[0089]

[0090] Through the above specific implementation manners, those skilled in the art of the said technical field can easily implement the present invention. However, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific implementation manners. Based on the disclosed implementation manners, those skilled in the art of the said technical field can arbitrarily combine different technical features to implement different technical solutions.

[0091] Except for the technical features described in the specification, the rest are well-known technologies to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A rapid positioning device for gas pipeline leakage, characterized in that, Including: Acoustic wave sensors are respectively deployed at both endpoints and the midpoint of the straight section of the gas pipeline to collect acoustic signals generated by leaks in real time. A signal processing unit is connected to the acoustic wave sensors and is used to perform band-pass filtering on the original signals and record the signal arrival times. A positioning calculation module calculates the length of the leak point from one endpoint of the straight section according to the propagation speed of acoustic waves in the pipeline and outputs the positioning result.

2. The rapid positioning device for gas pipeline leakage according to claim 1, wherein There are three of the acoustic wave sensors. Let the two endpoints of the straight section of the gas pipeline be point A and point B respectively, and the midpoint be point C. The three acoustic wave sensors are respectively deployed at point A, point B, and point C. The arrival times of the three acoustic wave sensor signals recorded by the signal processing unit are respectively expressed as: t a 、t b 、t c ; If the propagation speed of acoustic waves in the pipeline is represented as v, the calculation formula for the length L of the leak point from endpoint A is as follows:

3. The rapid positioning device for gas pipeline leakage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acoustic wave sensors are magnetic adsorption contact sensors, with a detection frequency range of 100 Hz - 5 kHz, and are directly adsorbed on the pipeline surface during installation.

4. The rapid positioning device for gas pipeline leakage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal processing unit includes a second-order Butterworth filter, which is used to eliminate low-frequency vibration noise below 200 Hz and high-frequency interference above 2 kHz.

5. A rapid gas pipeline leakage positioning device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The deployment spacing of the acoustic wave sensors does not exceed 50 meters, and the deployment points are located on the same straight section of the pipeline.

6. A rapid positioning device for gas pipeline leakage according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The positioning calculation module integrates a time synchronization function, and the time recording error of the acoustic wave sensors is less than 1 millisecond.

7. A method for quickly locating gas pipeline leaks, characterized in that, For the gas pipeline leak rapid positioning device described in any one of claims 1 - 6, the method for realizing rapid positioning of gas pipeline leaks is as follows: (1) When the detected acoustic signal exceeds the preset threshold, record the signal arrival time of each sensor. (2) Calculate the time difference Δt between the acoustic wave sensors at both endpoints of the straight section. If Δt < 0.1 second, it is determined that the leak point is located on this straight section. (3) Calculate the exact position of the leak point from one endpoint of this straight section according to the formula and mark the result on the pipeline map.

8. A rapid positioning method for gas pipeline leakage according to claim 7, characterized in that The preset threshold is 3 times the ambient noise level and is updated in real time through dynamic baseline calibration technology.

9. A rapid positioning method for gas pipeline leakage according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that When a leak occurs in the pipeline, the high-speed gas ejected from the leak opening will generate acoustic waves with a specific frequency. The acoustic waves propagate along the pipeline wall towards both ends. The acoustic wave sensors collect the acoustic signals in real time and transmit them to the calculation unit by wired or wireless means. The calculation unit performs band-pass filtering on the original signal, only retains the effective frequency band of 200 Hz - 2 kHz, and uses a second-order Butterworth filter to eliminate low-frequency mechanical vibrations and high-frequency electronic interference. When the detected acoustic signal exceeds the preset threshold, record the exact time when the signal arrives at the acoustic wave sensor, and control the time synchronization error within 1 millisecond.

10. A rapid positioning method for gas pipeline leakage according to claim 9, characterized in that, The specific implementation of leak judgment and positioning for the straight section of the gas pipeline is as follows: Preliminary judgment: Compare the time difference of signal arrival at the two endpoints A and B of the straight line segment: Δt = |t a - t b |. If Δt < 0.1 seconds, it indicates that the leakage point is located in the pipeline section between point A and point B; if Δt ≥ 0.1 seconds, it may be a sensor failure or environmental interference; Precise positioning: When it is confirmed that the leak occurs in the A - B section, the detection data of the midpoint C is used to improve the accuracy. Let the propagation speed of acoustic waves in the metal pipeline be v, and calculate the length L of the leak point from point A according to the following formula:

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