A slope physical similarity model device and a slope internal crack evolution identification method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a slope physical similarity model device and a method for identifying the evolution of internal cracks in the slope, which relates to the technical field of ecological protection of open-pit coal mine slopes, including a similar material simulation system, a monitoring system, and an artificial rainfall system. Through the cooperation of the similar material simulation system, the monitoring system, and the artificial rainfall system, the present invention can artificially control the changes in the surface water seepage field and the simulation of the instability process caused by the evolution of cracks in the slope rock and soil under different main controlling factors, and monitor the characteristic changes such as temperature, precipitation, stress, and crack development in real time throughout the process. It can deeply explore the intrinsic relationship between them and slope instability, obtain the slope instability failure path, failure source, and key blocks, determine the main controlling factor thresholds at each stage, reveal the seepage and instability mechanism of open-pit coal mine slopes under freeze-thaw cycles, and provide a theoretical basis for the establishment of multi-source judgment criteria for seasonal freeze-thaw landslides in high-altitude open-pit coal mines and early and medium-term warnings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of open-pit coal mine slope ecological protection, and in particular to a slope physical similarity model device and a slope internal crack evolution identification method. Background Art

[0002] Open-pit coal mines refer to coal seams deposited on the surface or in shallow layers due to geographical changes, which are mined directly in the open air. When the ore layer is close to the surface, it is more economical to use open-pit mining. The soil above the ore layer is called topsoil.

[0003] Geographically, open-pit coal mines are exposed to the outside for a long time and are easily affected by the high-altitude cold climate and seasonal freeze-thaw. After mining, the slopes of open-pit coal mines are repeatedly affected by the high-altitude cold climate and seasonal freeze-thaw. The stability of the slopes of open-pit coal mines will be reduced to a certain extent. At this time, the slopes are prone to landslides and ground collapses. Therefore, it is very necessary to carry out physical tests on the slopes under the action of freeze-thaw phase change and dry-wet cycles. Generally, there are two types of freeze-thaw tests on slopes. One is to use a constant temperature box as a freeze-thaw device. After setting the temperature, the sample is directly placed in the box for freeze-thaw cycles. After the freeze-thaw test is completed, Then carry out corresponding mechanical experiments. This type of device is similar to a "refrigerator" with relatively simple functions. Most of them cannot control drainage and can usually only carry out freeze-thaw experiments in closed systems. It does not focus on the freeze-thaw process, but only studies the influence of freeze-thaw on soil mechanical properties at a macro level. The other is to combine the freeze-thaw test with the material testing machine and carry out mechanical tests directly after the freeze-thaw cycle. It not only studies the microscopic changes in the freeze-thaw process but also pays attention to the mechanical properties after the freeze-thaw test. However, the control of the test conditions is more complicated, and the overall state changes with time, which cannot well reflect the state changes of the slope.

[0004] Therefore, the functions of the current test equipment are relatively simple, and the simulation of the overall state only stays on the surface. Under this situation, the current acquisition of the seepage and instability mechanism of the open-pit coal mine slope under the freeze-thaw cycle is to use a single system of scanning instruments or photographing instruments for identification. The test results are relatively superficial and it is difficult to reflect the seepage and instability mechanism of the open-pit coal mine slope under the freeze-thaw cycle. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention provide a slope physical similarity model device and a method for identifying the evolution of cracks inside the slope, which can solve the problem in the prior art that the test results of the current test device are relatively superficial and difficult to reflect the seepage and instability mechanism of the open-pit coal mine slope under freeze-thaw cycles.

[0006] An embodiment of the present invention provides a slope physical similarity model device based on freeze-thaw phase change and dry-wet cycle, comprising a material trough, a hydraulic system installed on the bottom surface of the material trough, the other end of the hydraulic system being grounded so that the material trough is inclined to the ground, and a high-frequency vibration system is also installed on the bottom surface of the material trough;

[0007] A plurality of water injection holes are provided on the side of the material trough, and the water injection holes are connected to the water pipe;

[0008] The interior of the material trough is filled layer by layer with slope rock and soil, and multiple sensors capable of monitoring soil parameters are evenly buried on the slope, in the middle of the slope, and below the slope of the rock and soil; a rainfall system is set on the top of the material trough, and a first camera and a second camera are set side by side on the rainfall system facing the material trough, and a third camera is set on the side of the material trough;

[0009] In the process of simulating slope instability, a physical similarity model device of the slope is placed in a freeze-thaw chamber, the inclination angle of the material trough is randomly changed through a hydraulic system, the material trough is vibrated and shaken through a high-frequency vibration system, and water circulation is formed in the material trough through water injection holes and a rainfall system; the first camera and the second camera take multiple images of the slope rock and soil under multi-angle shaking to form a three-dimensional image of the slope body to extract the deformation and failure process of the slope structure; the third camera takes multiple images of the slope rock and soil cross-section under multi-angle shaking to identify the change process of the seepage field morphology of the slope; multiple different types of sensors obtain the change process of the slope crack morphology when the slope rock and soil is shaken at multiple angles; and the chain evolution process of the macroscopic development of cracks inside the slope is identified by combining the deformation and failure process of the slope structure and the change process of the seepage field morphology of the slope.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes a data acquisition and control system;

[0011] The data acquisition and control system is used to receive and synchronize the data from the first camera, the second camera, the third camera and different types of sensors, and simultaneously control precipitation, temperature, the number of freeze-thaw cycles, the inclination angle of the hydraulic system support and the engineering disturbance caused by the high-frequency vibration system.

[0012] Preferably, the sensor comprises:

[0013] Multiple soil thermometers and humidity meters, piezometers, soil pressure meters and vibration meters are installed on the slope, in the middle and at the bottom of the rock and soil mass in the material trough.

[0014] Preferably, the material trough adopts an organic glass trough body, the thickness of the material trough is 3 cm, and the size of the material trough is 2m×0.3m×1.5m.

[0015] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for identifying the evolution of cracks within a slope, which uses the above-mentioned slope physical similarity model device based on freeze-thaw phase transition and dry-wet cycle to perform evolution, and includes the following steps:

[0016] When simulating the slope instability process, a physical similarity model of the slope is placed in a freeze-thaw chamber. Through a hydraulic system, a high-frequency vibration system, a rainfall system, and water injection holes, precipitation, temperature, number of freeze-thaw cycles, bedrock inclination, engineering disturbance, and groundwater changes are simulated.

[0017] The first and second cameras capture multiple stereo image pairs of the slope under different physical changes and multi-angle shaking. At the same time, multiple waterproof image control points are placed on the material trough. Close-range photogrammetry and multiple waterproof image control points are used to image the multiple stereo image pairs, obtaining a 3D model of the slope during repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Based on the 3D model, the deformation and failure process of the slope structure are extracted.

[0018] The third camera captures multiple images of the slope profile under different physical changes and multi-angle shaking. Image recognition methods are used to identify the morphological characteristics of the slope cracks in the different images. Based on the morphological characteristics, a digital model of the crack seepage field is established. Based on the digital model of the crack seepage field, the morphological change process of the slope seepage field is identified.

[0019] Different types of sensors scan the changes in slope crack morphology under different physical changes and multi-angle shaking, forming a crack geometric evolution process; and combined with the deformation and failure process of the slope structure and the changes in the seepage field morphology of the slope, identify the chain evolution process of the macroscopic development of cracks inside the slope.

[0020] Preferably, the extraction of the deformation and failure process of the slope structure includes:

[0021] When simulating the slope instability process in the freeze-thaw chamber, the first camera and the second camera set side by side respectively capture images of the deformation, crack changes and damage process of the slope under multi-angle shaking, and form multiple stereo image pairs of the slope based on the images captured by the first camera and the second camera;

[0022] At the same time, multiple waterproof image control points were placed on the material trough. Combined with multiple stereo image pairs of the slope, close-range photogrammetry was used to generate contour maps, cross-section maps, and stereo perspective maps under different slope change processes. The contour maps, cross-section maps, and stereo perspective maps were then reconstructed in 3D to obtain a 3D model of the slope during repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

[0023] According to the time-varying characteristic quantities in the three-dimensional model, the deformation and failure process of the slope structure is obtained by fitting the characteristic quantities.

[0024] Preferably, the process of identifying the change in the seepage field morphology of the slope includes:

[0025] The third camera is used to capture images of the deformation, crack changes, and failure process of the slope profile under multi-angle shaking. The image recognition method is used to identify the morphological characteristics of the slope cracks in different images, and the geometric shape and permeability field of the cracks are identified from the morphological characteristics.

[0026] According to the geometric shape and seepage field of the fracture, and based on physical field simulation, a digital model of the fracture seepage field is established, the distribution and change law of the fracture flow field in the digital model of the fracture seepage field is identified, and the morphological change process of the seepage field of the slope is obtained.

[0027] Preferably, the chain evolution process of identifying the macroscopic development of cracks inside the slope includes:

[0028] After scanning the geometric evolution process of cracks using different types of sensors, the deformation and failure process of the slope structure and the morphological change process of the slope seepage field are combined, and a numerical simulation method is used to synthesize and simulate the chain evolution process of the macroscopic development of cracks inside the slope.

[0029] The embodiments of the present invention provide a slope physical similarity model device and a method for identifying the evolution of cracks within a slope. Compared with the prior art, the advantages thereof are as follows:

[0030] The present invention forms a physical similarity model of the slope by filling the slope rock and soil layer by layer in a material trough, and at the same time installs a hydraulic system and a high-frequency control system on the bottom surface of the material trough, and opens a water injection hole on the side of the material trough, and sets a rainfall system and two cameras on the top of the material trough, and sets a third camera on the side of the material trough, and sets different types of sensors in the rock and soil; the set similarity model is placed in a freeze-thaw chamber to simulate the slope instability process, and at the same time controls precipitation, temperature, freeze-thaw cycle, inclination angle and engineering disturbance. In this state, the deformation and destruction process of the slope is identified by two cameras, and the deformation and destruction process of the slope is simulated by the freeze-thaw chamber. The third camera is used to extract the morphological change process of the seepage field of the slope, and combined with the morphological change process of the slope cracks scanned by different types of sensors, the chain evolution process of the macro-development of cracks inside the slope is synthesized. This process can deeply explore the deep-seated temperature, precipitation, stress and crack development changes of the slope during the evolution process when the slope is unstable, identify the deep-seated slope instability failure path, failure source and key blocks, reveal the seepage and instability mechanism of the open-pit coal mine slope under freeze-thaw cycle, and provide a theoretical basis for the establishment of multi-source judgment criteria and early and medium-term warning of seasonal freeze-thaw landslides in high-altitude open-pit coal mines. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of a slope physical similarity model device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more readily apparent, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description sets forth numerous specific details to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0034] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0035] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components or interaction between two components, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0036] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0037] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation methods.

[0038] See also Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a slope physical similarity model device based on freeze-thaw phase change and dry-wet cycle and a method for identifying the evolution of cracks inside the slope; specifically, the present invention is a physical similarity model test device for the landslide process of open-pit coal mine slopes under the action of freeze-thaw phase change and dry-wet cycle, which aims to carry out experiments on the crack development and surface (subsurface) water infiltration process of slopes affected by freeze-thaw phase change and dry-wet cycle and conduct full-process monitoring to reveal the seepage and instability mechanism of high-altitude open-pit coal mine slopes under the coupling of water, heat and force multiple fields.

[0039] The schematic diagram of the device is as follows Figure 1 As shown in the figure, it mainly consists of four parts: an artificial rainfall system, a similar material model system, a monitoring system, and a data acquisition and control system. The artificial rainfall system can simulate different rainfall amounts and durations. The similar material model system mainly consists of a material trough for placing similar models. It has dimensions of 2m×0.3m×1.5m (length×width×height) and is made of transparent organic glass with a wall thickness of 3cm. Holes are left on one side of the wall for water injection to simulate groundwater changes. The inside of the trough is frosted. An adjustable height hydraulic system and an adjustable high-frequency vibration system are installed under the material trough to simulate the inclination of the slope bedrock and disturbances caused by blasting, excavation, etc. respectively. The monitoring system consists of three ultra-high-definition cameras that photograph the slope surface of the material trough (first and second cameras) and the transparent side (third camera), as well as sensors embedded in the material trough, which are used to monitor changes in the hydrothermal field within the slope and the resulting seepage and deformation processes. The data acquisition and control system is responsible for receiving data from the cameras and in-situ sensors, soft-synchronizing time, and controlling the temperature, rainfall, hydraulic and other systems.

[0040] Specifically, the present invention identifies the chain evolution process of macroscopic development of cracks inside the slope in the slope instability simulation experiment as follows:

[0041] 1. Preparation of similar models of rock and soil.

[0042] Adjust the hydraulic height until the angle of the bottom of the material trough is the same as the inclination of the bedrock; compact the slope rock and soil samples collected in layers on site, and then fill them layer by layer in the material trough in the same manner as the original state to restore the slope shape and stratum structure. During the filling process, evenly bury several soil thermometers, piezometers, earth pressure gauges, vibrometers and other sensors on, in, and below the slope, and record their coordinates; let it stand for more than 12 hours.

[0043] 2. Simulation of instability process under freeze-thaw cycles.

[0044] The prepared model is placed in a freeze-thaw chamber, and conditions such as precipitation, temperature, number of freeze-thaw cycles, bedrock inclination (by manipulating hydraulic supports), engineering disturbance (by manipulating vibration simulation devices), and groundwater changes (injected through the right-side injection holes) are artificially controlled to simulate the entire process of instability evolution of a specific slope from overall integrity to local deformation and finally to macroscopic fracture damage under the action of multiple freeze-thaw phase changes and dry-wet cycles.

[0045] 3. Monitoring and analysis of the entire process of instability evolution.

[0046] In the simulation of the slope instability process, the data of internal sensors and three ultra-high-definition cameras are recorded synchronously throughout the whole process; the internal sensor data reflects the changes in the hydrothermal force field of similar models under the influence of freeze-thaw phase transition, dry-wet cycle and engineering disturbance; the time-series images of the third camera record the change process of the seepage field morphology caused by the development of cracks in the rock and soil profile; the images of the first and second cameras on the upper side constitute a stereo image pair. Through close-range photogrammetry technology, assisted by multiple waterproof image control points arranged in the trough body, a time-series fine three-dimensional model of the slope during repeated freeze-thaw process is obtained, and then the deformation and destruction process of the slope is calculated; the data from multi-source sensors can be further analyzed to further analyze the chain evolution process of the slope from internal crack development to macroscopic destruction under the coupling of hydrothermal and multi-fields, and the problems in each factor can be accurately quantified to reveal the freeze-thaw phase transition-seepage law and instability mechanism of the slope.

[0047] The deformation and destruction process of the slope is calculated by controlling precipitation, temperature, number of freeze-thaw cycles, bedrock inclination, engineering disturbance and groundwater changes through a high-frequency vibration system, a hydraulic system and an artificial rainfall system. The deformation, crack changes and destruction process images of the slope at different angles are respectively captured by a first camera and a second camera arranged side by side, and multiple stereo image pairs of the slope are formed based on the images captured by the first camera and the second camera. At the same time, multiple waterproof image control points are arranged on the material trough, and combined with the multiple stereo image pairs of the slope, close-range photogrammetry is used to form contour maps, cross-sectional maps and stereo perspective maps under different change processes of the slope. The contour maps, cross-sectional maps and stereo perspective maps are then reconstructed in three dimensions to obtain a time-series three-dimensional model of the slope during repeated freeze-thaw processes. According to the time-varying characteristic quantities in the time-series three-dimensional model, the characteristic quantities are fitted to obtain the deformation and destruction process of the slope.

[0048] For the morphological change process of the slope seepage field, a third camera is used to capture images of deformation, crack changes and destruction processes at different angles of the slope profile. The image recognition method is used to identify the morphological characteristics of the slope cracks in different images, and the geometric shape and seepage field of the cracks are identified from the morphological characteristics. According to the geometric shape and seepage field of the cracks and based on physical field simulation, a digital model of the fracture seepage field is established, and the distribution and change law of the fracture flow field in the digital model of the fracture seepage field are identified to obtain the morphological change process of the slope seepage field.

[0049] At the same time, after the geometric evolution process of the cracks is scanned by different types of sensors, the chain evolution process of the macroscopic development of cracks inside the slope is synthesized and simulated using the numerical simulation method, combined with the deformation and failure process of the slope and the morphological change process of the seepage field of the slope.

[0050] In summary, through the physical similarity model test of the slope landslide process under the action of seasonal freeze-thaw phase transition and dry-wet cycle, we can artificially control the evolution of slope rock and soil cracks under different main controlling factors, leading to changes in the surface (subsurface) water seepage field and simulation of the instability process. The changes in temperature, precipitation, stress, crack development and other characteristics during the whole process can be monitored in real time. The intrinsic relationship between them and slope instability can be deeply explored, the slope instability failure path, failure source and key blocks can be obtained, the threshold of the main controlling factors at each stage can be determined, and the seepage and instability mechanism of open-pit coal mine slopes under freeze-thaw cycle can be revealed, which can provide a theoretical basis for the establishment of multi-source judgment criteria and early and medium-term warning of seasonal freeze-thaw landslides in high-altitude open-pit coal mines.

[0051] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present invention. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent for this invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A slope physical similarity model device based on freeze-thaw phase change and dry-wet cycle, characterized by: include: A material trough, wherein a hydraulic system is installed on the bottom surface of the material trough, the other end of the hydraulic system is grounded so that the material trough is inclined to the ground, and a high-frequency vibration system is also installed on the bottom surface of the material trough; A plurality of water injection holes are provided on the side of the material trough, and the water injection holes are connected to the water pipe; The interior of the material trough is filled layer by layer with slope rock and soil, and multiple sensors capable of monitoring soil parameters are evenly buried on the slope, in the middle of the slope, and below the slope of the rock and soil; a rainfall system is set on the top of the material trough, and a first camera and a second camera are set side by side on the rainfall system facing the material trough, and a third camera is set on the side of the material trough; In the process of simulating slope instability, a physical similarity model of the slope is placed in a freeze-thaw chamber. The inclination angle of the material trough is randomly changed through a hydraulic system, and the material trough is vibrated and shaken through a high-frequency vibration system. Water circulation is formed in the material trough through water injection holes and a rainfall system. The first and second cameras capture multiple images of the slope rock and soil under multi-angle shaking to form a three-dimensional image of the slope to extract the deformation and failure process of the slope structure. The third camera captures multiple images of the slope rock and soil cross-section under multi-angle shaking to identify the change process of the seepage field morphology of the slope. Multiple different types of sensors obtain the change process of the slope crack morphology when the slope rock and soil shake at multiple angles. And by combining the deformation and failure process of the slope structure and the change process of the seepage field morphology of the slope, the chain evolution process of the macroscopic development of cracks inside the slope can be identified; The system also includes a data acquisition and control system; the data acquisition and control system is used to receive and synchronize the data from the first camera, the second camera, the third camera, and different types of sensors, and simultaneously control precipitation, temperature, the number of freeze-thaw cycles, the inclination angle of the hydraulic system support, and the engineering disturbance caused by the high-frequency vibration system; The sensors include: a plurality of soil temperature and humidity meters, osmometers, soil pressure meters and vibration meters arranged on the slope, in the middle and below the slope of the rock and soil body in the material trough.

2. The slope physical similarity model device based on freeze-thaw phase change and dry-wet cycle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The material trough adopts an organic glass trough body, the thickness of the material trough is 3 cm, and the size of the material trough is 2m×0.3m×1.5m.

3. A method for identifying the evolution of cracks within a slope, using a slope physical similarity model device based on freeze-thaw phase transition and dry-wet cycles as described in any one of claims 1 to 2 for evolution, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: When simulating the slope instability process, a physical similarity model of the slope is placed in a freeze-thaw chamber. Through a hydraulic system, a high-frequency vibration system, a rainfall system, and water injection holes, precipitation, temperature, number of freeze-thaw cycles, bedrock inclination, engineering disturbance, and groundwater changes are simulated. The first and second cameras capture multiple stereo image pairs of the slope under different physical changes and multi-angle shaking. At the same time, multiple waterproof image control points are placed on the material trough. Close-range photogrammetry and multiple waterproof image control points are used to image the multiple stereo image pairs, obtaining a 3D model of the slope during repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Based on the 3D model, the deformation and failure process of the slope structure are extracted. The third camera captures multiple images of the slope profile under different physical changes and multi-angle shaking. Image recognition methods are used to identify the morphological characteristics of the slope cracks in the different images. Based on the morphological characteristics, a digital model of the crack seepage field is established. Based on the digital model of the crack seepage field, the morphological change process of the slope seepage field is identified. Different types of sensors scan the changes in slope crack morphology under different physical changes and multi-angle shaking, forming a crack geometric evolution process; and combined with the deformation and failure process of the slope structure and the changes in the seepage field morphology of the slope, identify the chain evolution process of the macroscopic development of cracks inside the slope.

4. A method for identifying crack evolution inside a slope according to claim 3, characterized in that: The extraction of the deformation and failure process of the slope structure includes: When simulating the slope instability process in the freeze-thaw chamber, the first camera and the second camera set side by side respectively capture images of the deformation, crack changes and damage process of the slope under multi-angle shaking, and form multiple stereo image pairs of the slope based on the images captured by the first camera and the second camera; At the same time, multiple waterproof image control points were placed on the material trough. Combined with multiple stereo image pairs of the slope, close-range photogrammetry was used to generate contour maps, cross-section maps, and stereo perspective maps under different slope change processes. The contour maps, cross-section maps, and stereo perspective maps were then reconstructed in 3D to obtain a 3D model of the slope during repeated freeze-thaw cycles. According to the time-varying characteristic quantities in the three-dimensional model, the deformation and failure process of the slope structure is obtained by fitting the characteristic quantities.

5. A method for identifying crack evolution inside a slope according to claim 3, characterized in that: The process of identifying the change in the seepage field morphology of the slope includes: The third camera is used to capture images of the deformation, crack changes, and failure process of the slope profile under multi-angle shaking. The image recognition method is used to identify the morphological characteristics of the slope cracks in different images, and the geometric shape and permeability field of the cracks are identified from the morphological characteristics. According to the geometric shape and seepage field of the fracture, and based on physical field simulation, a digital model of the fracture seepage field is established, the distribution and change law of the fracture flow field in the digital model of the fracture seepage field is identified, and the morphological change process of the seepage field of the slope is obtained.

6. A method for identifying crack evolution inside a slope according to claim 3, characterized in that: The chain evolution process of identifying the macroscopic development of cracks inside the slope includes: After scanning the geometric evolution process of cracks using different types of sensors, the deformation and failure process of the slope structure and the morphological change process of the slope seepage field are combined, and a numerical simulation method is used to synthesize and simulate the chain evolution process of the macroscopic development of cracks inside the slope.

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