Slope anti-seismic anchor rod based on heat exchange self-circulation technology and construction method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of geotechnical slope engineering, and particularly discloses a slope anti-seismic anchor rod based on heat exchange self-circulation technology and a construction method thereof.The heat exchange self-circulation system arranged in the anchor rod ensures that the temperature of the frozen soil is maintained in a relatively stable range, so that the problem of soil freeze-thaw damage caused by temperature change can be solved.The anti-seismic system in the anchor rod improves the continuous supporting capacity of the anchor rod, the anchor rod can provide the required anchoring force for the supporting system, effectively improves the slope anti-sliding resistance, increases the safety factor of the slope stability, and ensures the safety and stability of the slope.Through the arrangement of the anti-seismic system, the anchor rod can continuously provide supporting bearing capacity, which is of great significance to the supporting engineering in earthquake areas.The arrangement of the data monitoring system can monitor some field data of the slope in real time, so as to facilitate the subsequent maintenance and improvement work.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of geotechnical slope engineering, and particularly relates to a slope anti-seismic anchor rod based on heat exchange self-circulation technology and a construction method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The characteristics of large diurnal temperature difference in plateau areas significantly affect the engineering construction performed there, and the repeated frost heaving of surrounding rock mass causes cracking of tunnel lining, which is one of the main forms of freezing damage in cold regions. When the temperature decreases, the water-ice phase change of rock mass fissure water generates frost heaving force, and under the dynamic change of temperature, the frost heaving force is continuously generated and dissipated in the rock mass, causing uneven frost heaving and shrinkage deformation of the rock mass, which causes the rock mass to generate new cracks and the continuous expansion of original cracks, and finally forms macroscopic cracks, resulting in freezing and thawing damage of surrounding rock, and greatly affecting the physical and mechanical properties of the rock mass.

[0003] During the freezing and thawing process, the soil structure is affected by the cold effect, resulting in changes in the physical and mechanical properties of the soil after freezing and thawing. When cutting excavation, new slope cutting and other engineering activities are performed in cold regions, the soil is newly exposed to freezing and thawing, which can easily cause the slope to fail, causing great harm to the stability and safety of the slope structure. Freezing and thawing can reduce the shear strength of the slope, leading to landslides and other geological disasters. For slopes in cold regions, engineering facilities such as anchor rods are generally used to prevent freezing and thawing cycles and stabilize the slope. In addition, earthquakes are one of the important factors causing slope instability and failure. According to investigations, some of the unstable slopes are reinforced slopes, but they still cannot withstand the effects of earthquakes and landslides. The main reason for the instability of the reinforced slope is that the anchoring structure does not have seismic resistance, and the anchoring structure such as anchor rod and soil nail is easily pulled out or broken under the action of seismic load.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to provide an independent, economical and environmentally friendly engineering facility that can support and reinforce the slope in cold regions, has an anti-seismic function and can prevent damage caused by freezing and thawing cycles to solve the above technical problems. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a slope anti-seismic anchor rod based on heat exchange self-circulation technology and a construction method to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides a slope anti-seismic anchor rod based on heat exchange self-circulation technology, comprising:

[0007] An anchor rod body, the anchor rod body is divided into an anchoring segment and a prestressed segment, a cavity is arranged in the prestressed segment, a partition sleeve is rotatably connected in the cavity, and a limiting piece is detachably connected to both ends of the partition sleeve;

[0008] A heat exchange self-circulation system is arranged in the separation sleeve, and is used to maintain the temperature inside the soil body constant;

[0009] An anti-seismic system is arranged at both ends of the heat exchange self-circulation system, and is used to buffer and reset the heat exchange self-circulation system;

[0010] A data monitoring system is installed on the outer wall of the anchor rod body, and is used to observe the development of the slope body and the frozen soil thereunder in real time.

[0011] Preferably, the heat exchange self-circulation system comprises an evaporator, a condenser, a gas pipe and a liquid pipe; the condenser is arranged at one end of the separation sleeve close to the anchoring section, and the evaporator and the condenser form a circulation loop through the gas pipe and the liquid pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the heat exchange self-circulation system further comprises a rotating shaft box, a driving wheel and a driven wheel; the driving wheel is arranged in the gas pipe, the driven wheel is arranged in the liquid pipe, and the driving wheel and the driven wheel are drivingly matched through the rotating shaft box.

[0013] Preferably, the anti-seismic system comprises two elastic devices, the two elastic devices are arranged at both ends of the heat exchange self-circulation system respectively, both the two elastic devices are in abutment with the heat exchange self-circulation system, and the ends of the two elastic devices are in abutment with the two limiting pieces respectively.

[0014] Preferably, the elastic device is a spring.

[0015] Preferably, the anti-seismic system further comprises two sliding devices, the two sliding devices are arranged at both ends of the heat exchange self-circulation system respectively, and the sliding devices are located between the heat exchange self-circulation system and the elastic devices, and the heat exchange self-circulation system is limited to slide in the separation sleeve through the sliding devices.

[0016] Preferably, the sliding device comprises a cylindrical body, a plurality of small wheels are arranged on the side wall of the cylindrical body at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, a plurality of tracks are arranged on the inner wall of the separation sleeve, the tracks are arranged along the central axis direction of the anchor rod body, and the small wheels and the tracks are arranged one by one in correspondence.

[0017] Preferably, the data monitoring system comprises a plurality of strain gauges, a plurality of grooves are arranged on the outer wall of the anchor rod body along the axis direction, a plurality of the grooves in the same group are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the anchor rod body, and the strain gauges and the grooves are arranged one by one in correspondence.

[0018] Preferably, a heat-conducting patch is mounted on the inner wall of the partition sleeve.

[0019] The application also provides a supporting construction method of the slope anti-seismic anchor rod, comprising the following steps:

[0020] S1, determining the geological conditions of the slope, and determining the site, inclination and depth of the anchor rod;

[0021] S2, drilling the slope cavity with a pre-set angle and depth on the slope;

[0022] S3, installation and fixation of the anchor rod anchoring segment;

[0023] S4, fixation of the anchor rod pre-stress segment and removal of the fixation structure, and completion of the anchor rod supporting operation.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0025] The slope anti-seismic anchor rod based on the heat exchange self-circulation technology provided by the application can maintain the temperature of the frozen soil in a relatively stable range through the heat exchange self-circulation system of the anchor rod, so that the problem of soil freeze-thaw damage caused by temperature change can be solved; the anti-seismic system in the anchor rod improves the continuous supporting capacity of the anchor rod, the anchor rod can provide the required anchoring force for the supporting system, can effectively improve the slope anti-sliding resistance, increase the safety factor of the slope stability, and ensure the safety and stability of the slope; through the setting of the anti-seismic system, the anchor rod can continuously provide supporting bearing capacity, which is of great significance to the supporting engineering in earthquake areas; through the setting of the data monitoring system, some field data of the slope can be monitored in real time, so as to facilitate the subsequent maintenance and improvement work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative labor.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the slope anti-seismic anchor rod of the application;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the slope anti-seismic anchor rod of the application;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the heat exchange self-circulation system of the application;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a construction effect diagram of the slope anti-seismic anchor rod of the application;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic view of the shaft box of the application;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic view of the connection between the separation sleeve and the anchor body of the application;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a support construction flow chart of the slope anti-seismic anchor rod of the application;

[0034] In the figure: 1, evaporator; 2, gas pipe; 3, liquid pipe; 4, driving wheel; 5, driven wheel; 6, condenser; 7, track; 8, small wheel; 9, elastic device; 10, cylindrical body; 11, limiting piece; 12, anchor body; 13, strain gauge; 14, shaft box; 15, rotating shaft; 16, separation sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] It should be noted that the embodiments in the application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, not all. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor belong to the scope of protection of the application. The application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0036] As Figures 1 to 6 shown, the application provides a slope anti-seismic anchor rod based on heat exchange self-circulation technology, comprising:

[0037] The anchor body 12 is divided into an anchoring segment and a prestressed segment, the prestressed segment is internally provided with a cavity, the separation sleeve 16 is arranged in the cavity, the two ends of the separation sleeve 16 are detachably connected with the limiting pieces 11, the rotating shafts 15 are installed on the outer walls of the two limiting pieces 11, and the separation sleeve 16 is rotatably installed in the cavity through the rotating shafts 15.

[0038] The heat exchange self-circulation system is arranged in the separation sleeve 16, and the heat exchange self-circulation system is used for maintaining the temperature of the soil body constant.

[0039] The anti-seismic system is arranged at the two ends of the heat exchange self-circulation system, and the anti-seismic system is used for buffering and resetting the heat exchange self-circulation system.

[0040] The data monitoring system is installed on the outer wall of the anchor body 12, and the data monitoring system is used for observing the development of the slope body and the permafrost below in real time.

[0041] Further optimization scheme, the heat exchange self-circulation system includes evaporator 1, condenser 6, gas pipe 2 and liquid pipe 3;Condenser 6 is arranged at one end of the separation sleeve 16 close to the anchoring section, and evaporator 1 and condenser 6 form a circulation loop through gas pipe 2 and liquid pipe 3.

[0042] In the heat exchange self-circulation working process, the temperature of evaporator 1 is relatively high, and the temperature of condenser 6 is relatively low, the phase change working medium in evaporator 1 is converted into gaseous state due to heat absorption, and the thermal potential difference between evaporator 1 and condenser 6 is generated under the action of the pressure difference caused by the temperature difference, the gaseous working medium flows to condenser 6 through gas pipe 2, and the gaseous working medium condenses and flows to evaporator 1 through liquid pipe 3 to form a cycle.

[0043] Further optimization scheme, the heat exchange self-circulation system further includes shaft box 14, driving wheel 4 and driven wheel 5;Driving wheel 4 is arranged in gas pipe 2, driven wheel 5 is arranged in liquid pipe 3, and three transmission matching bevel gears are arranged in shaft box 14, driving wheel 4 and driven wheel 5 realize coaxial reverse co-rotation transmission matching through bevel gears in shaft box 14.

[0044] Shaft box 14, driving wheel 4 and driven wheel 5 constitute a complementary gravity conversion system for the heat exchange system;When the gaseous working medium after phase change passes through the gas pipe 2, the gaseous working medium drives the driving wheel 4 to rotate, and the driving wheel 4 drives the driven wheel 5 to rotate through the connected shaft box 14;The driven wheel 5 rotates to drive the liquid working medium in the liquid pipe 3 to flow into the evaporator 1;Because the density of the gaseous working medium in the gas pipe 2 is much greater than that of the liquid working medium in the liquid pipe 3, the pressure obtained by the liquid working medium is much greater than the pressure lost by the gaseous working medium, and the pressure difference formed is sufficient to overcome the flow resistance in the working process and the relative gravity difference formed after the anchor rod construction;Therefore, the anchor rod does not need external driving and has self-driving adjustment.

[0045] Further optimization scheme, the anti-seismic system includes two elastic devices 9, two elastic devices 9 are arranged at two ends of the heat exchange self-circulation system respectively, the anti-seismic system further includes two sliding devices, two sliding devices are arranged at two ends of the heat exchange self-circulation system respectively, and the sliding device is located between the heat exchange self-circulation system and the elastic device 9, the heat exchange self-circulation system is limited and slides in the separation sleeve 16 through the sliding device;The sliding device includes a cylindrical body 10, the cylindrical body 10 is a hollow structure, the evaporator 1 and the condenser 6 are arranged in the two cylindrical bodies 10 respectively;A plurality of small wheels 8 are arranged on the side wall of the cylindrical body 10 in the circumferential direction at equal intervals, a plurality of tracks 7 are arranged on the inner wall of the separation sleeve 16, the tracks 7 are arranged along the central axis direction of the anchor rod body 12, and the small wheels 8 and the tracks 7 are arranged one by one;One end of the two elastic devices 9 respectively abuts against the two cylindrical bodies 10, and the other end of the two elastic devices 9 respectively abuts against the two limiting pieces 11.

[0046] When subjected to seismic load, the sliding device begins to respond, the sliding device slides in the partition sleeve 16, the lower elastic device 9 is subjected to pressure at the bottom of the partition sleeve 16 to generate compression deformation, the upper elastic device 9 generates tensile deformation under the joint action of the sliding device and the limiting piece 11, the tensile and compression of the upper elastic device 9 and the lower elastic device 9 jointly absorb the energy generated by the earthquake, at the same time, the rotating shaft 15 begins to drive the partition sleeve 16 to start rotating, through this process, the influence of the seismic transverse wave is offset, and the anti-seismic function is further realized, when the seismic load dissipates, the rock mass deformation recovers to some extent, and the shaft force of the anchor rod decreases, at this time, the upper elastic device 9 and the lower elastic device 9 release the elastic potential energy, extrude the limiting pieces 11 at the two ends of the partition sleeve 16, the sliding assembly slides relative to the partition sleeve 16, and gradually returns to the normal state, and then the self-resetting performance of the anchor rod deformation after the earthquake is realized, and the bearing capacity of the anchor rod under the cyclic dynamic load is continuously ensured.

[0047] Further optimization scheme, for the convenience of observing the development of the slope and the frozen soil thereunder in real time during the test, the data monitoring system comprises a plurality of strain gauges 13, a plurality of groups of grooves are formed in the outer wall of the anchor rod body 12 in the axial direction, the grooves in the same group are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the anchor rod body 12, and the strain gauges 13 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the grooves.

[0048] Further optimization scheme, for the convenience of realizing heat exchange between the anchor rod and the outside, a heat-conducting patch is installed on the inner wall of the partition sleeve 16, and the heat-conducting patch is a graphene patch.

[0049] As shown in Figure 7 , the application discloses a supporting construction method of a slope anti-seismic anchor rod, which comprises the following steps:

[0050] S1, the geological conditions of the slope are determined, the lithology and various parameters of the soil are determined, the similar material and the ratio are determined according to the physical and mechanical properties and the Poisson's ratio, and finally the site, the inclination angle and the depth of the anchor rod are determined;

[0051] S2, a slope cavity with a pre-set angle and depth is drilled in the slope;

[0052] S3, the anchor rod is installed in the drilling hole, the anchor rod is inserted into the frozen soil slope with a pre-designed depth and angle after measurement and determination, and the gap grouting between the anchoring section and the drilling hole is carried out;

[0053] S4, when the gap grouting between the anchoring section and the drilling hole is completed and reaches the strength required by the specification, the gap between the pre-stressed sections is filled with a filling material, when the gap grouting between the anchor rod and the drilling hole is completed and reaches the design strength, the filling material is damaged, and the anchor rod supporting work is completed.

[0054] The application provides a slope anti-seismic anchor rod based on a heat exchange self-circulation technology, a heat exchange self-circulation system of the anchor rod ensures that the temperature of frozen soil is maintained in a relatively stable range, so that the problem of soil freeze-thaw damage caused by temperature change of the frozen soil can be solved; an anti-seismic system in the anchor rod improves the continuous supporting capacity of the anchor rod, the anchor rod can provide the required anchoring force for a supporting system, can effectively improve the slope anti-sliding resistance, increase the slope stability safety factor, and ensure the safety and stability of the slope; the damage mechanism of the rock-soil mass at the slope edge in an alpine region under the freeze-thaw cycle condition and the problem that the prestress of the anchor rod will be lost and cannot be recovered when the earthquake occurs, thereby reducing the slope stability safety factor and increasing the landslide risk are fully considered. Through the setting of the anti-seismic system, when the earthquake occurs, the anchor rod is subjected to the action of the seismic load, the anti-seismic system is deformed to absorb the energy generated by the seismic force, the anti-seismic function is realized, after the disappearance of the earthquake, the deformation generated can realize self-resetting, the anchor rod returns to the normal state, the anchoring performance of the anchor rod is improved, and it is ensured that the anchor rod can continuously provide the supporting bearing capacity, which has important significance for the supporting engineering in the earthquake area. Through the setting of the data monitoring system, some field data of the slope can be monitored in real time, so as to facilitate the subsequent maintenance and improvement work.

[0055] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the application, but the protection scope of the application is not limited to this, any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed in the application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the application. Therefore, the protection scope of the application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A slope anti-seismic anchor rod based on heat exchange self-circulation technology, characterized in that, The utility model relates to an anchor rod for slope body and frozen soil, which comprises: an anchor rod body (12) divided into an anchoring segment and a prestressed segment, an internal cavity provided in the prestressed segment, a separation sleeve (16) rotatably connected in the internal cavity, and a limiting piece (11) detachably connected to both ends of the separation sleeve (16); a heat exchange self-circulation system provided in the separation sleeve (16) and used for maintaining the temperature of the internal soil body constant; an anti-seismic system provided at both ends of the heat exchange self-circulation system and used for buffering and resetting the heat exchange self-circulation system; a data monitoring system installed on the outer wall of the anchor rod body (12) and used for observing the development of the slope body and the frozen soil thereunder in real time; the anti-seismic system comprises two elastic devices (9) provided at both ends of the heat exchange self-circulation system, abutting against the heat exchange self-circulation system, and abutting against the limiting pieces (11) at the ends thereof; the anti-seismic system further comprises two sliding devices provided at both ends of the heat exchange self-circulation system and located between the heat exchange self-circulation system and the elastic devices (9), and the heat exchange self-circulation system is limited to slide in the separation sleeve (16) through the sliding devices; the sliding device comprises a cylindrical body (10) provided with a plurality of small wheels (8) equidistantly arranged in the circumferential direction on the side wall thereof, a plurality of tracks (7) provided on the inner wall of the separation sleeve (16) and arranged along the central axis of the anchor rod body (12), and the small wheels (8) and the tracks (7) are one-to-one corresponding.

2. The slope anti-seismic anchor rod based on heat exchange self-circulation technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, the heat exchange self-circulation system comprises an evaporator (1), a condenser (6), a gas pipe (2), and a liquid pipe (3); the condenser (6) is provided at one end of the separation sleeve (16) close to the anchoring segment, and the evaporator (1) and the condenser (6) form a circulation loop through the gas pipe (2) and the liquid pipe (3).

3. The slope anti-seismic anchor rod based on heat exchange self-circulation technology according to claim 2, characterized in that, the heat exchange self-circulation system further comprises a rotating shaft box (14), a driving wheel (4), and a driven wheel (5); the driving wheel (4) is provided in the gas pipe (2), the driven wheel (5) is provided in the liquid pipe (3), and the driving wheel (4) and the driven wheel (5) are drivingly matched through the rotating shaft box (14).

4. The slope anti-seismic anchor rod based on heat exchange self-circulation technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, the elastic device (9) is a spring.

5. The slope anti-seismic anchor rod based on heat exchange self-circulation technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, the data monitoring system comprises a plurality of strain gauges (13), a plurality of grooves are provided on the outer wall of the anchor rod body (12) along the axial direction, a plurality of grooves in the same group are equidistantly arranged along the circumferential direction of the anchor rod body (12), and the strain gauges (13) are one-to-one corresponding to the grooves.

6. The slope anti-seismic anchor rod based on heat exchange self-circulation technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, a heat-conducting patch is installed on the inner wall of the separation sleeve (16).

7. A method for supporting construction of a slope anti-seismic anchor rod, characterized in that, The slope anti-seismic anchor rod based on the heat exchange self-circulation technology according to any one of claims 1-6 comprises the following steps: S1, determining the geological conditions of the slope, and planning the site, inclination and depth of the anchor rod placement; S2, drilling a slope cavity with a pre-set angle and depth in the slope; S3, installation and fixation of the anchor rod anchoring segment; S4, fixation of the anchor rod pre-stress segment and removal of the fixation structure, and completion of the anchor rod support operation.

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