Cable core coating forming device and forming method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cable processing and coating, in particular to a cable core coating forming device and method, the cable core coating forming device comprises an extrusion head mold and an extruding machine, the extrusion head mold is provided with a coating channel allowing a cable to penetrate through, an annular melt cavity surrounding the coating channel and an annular extrusion opening communicating the annular melt cavity with the coating channel, and the annular melt cavity is provided with an annular melt cavity; when a cable penetrates through the coating channel, the periphery of the cable is coated with melt with the thickness equal to the opening width of the annular extrusion molding opening through the annular extrusion molding opening, a feeding opening is formed in the extrusion molding head mold and communicates with the annular melt cavity, and an annular sliding seat and an adjusting assembly are arranged in the extrusion molding head mold. The thickness of a cable insulation layer is controlled by adjusting the caliber of the annular extrusion molding opening, so that the caliber of the annular extrusion molding opening can be accurately adjusted according to needs, the coating thickness of a cable core is effectively controlled, and the problem that an existing cable coating forming device cannot accurately and stably control the coating thickness in the coating process is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cable processing and coating, and specifically relates to a cable core coating forming device and a forming method. Background Art

[0002] A cable core coating forming device is a device used for manufacturing cables. It usually consists of a housing and internal working components. The function of this device is to coat metal or plastic materials on the cable core to form an insulating layer and a protective layer, so as to provide the insulating performance and mechanical strength of the cable. By controlling process parameters and the flow of materials, the cable core coating forming device can accurately coat materials on the cable core and ensure its forming quality.

[0003] When the existing cable core coating forming device processes the cable core, due to the different specifications and thicknesses of the cable cores, the required thickness of the coated insulating layer is also different. This poses certain challenges in the actual application of the device because it is difficult for the same device to adjust the coating thickness for cable cores of different thicknesses, thereby affecting the flexibility and adaptability of processing. Due to this limitation, the device may not meet specific insulating layer requirements when processing different types of cable cores, thus restricting its application scope and efficiency.

[0004] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN117316545B discloses a cable core coating forming device and method for cable processing, specifically relating to the technical field of cable processing and coating. It includes a coating material loading pipe, and an adjusting ring is vertically slidably connected to the outer wall of the coating material loading pipe. A thickness adjusting and expanding mechanism is provided on the outer wall of the adjusting ring.

[0005] This forming device adjusts the thickness of the insulating layer through the thickness adjusting and expanding mechanism. Among them, the adjusting ring drives a plurality of concave rotating blocks to move downward, so that a plurality of adjusting arc-shaped blocks push the silicone rubber expanding forming cylinder to stretch outward. The inner wall diameter of the silicone rubber expanding forming cylinder will become larger under the action of elastic force. When the expanded diameter of the inner wall of the silicone rubber expanding forming cylinder reaches a match with the cable core coating diameter set by the controller, the controller will turn off the servo reduction motor, thus completing the insulation layer coating of cable cores with different diameters.

[0006] However, as a flexible material, when high-pressure and high-temperature molten material passes through, the physical properties of silicone rubber cause the silicone rubber expansion forming cylinder to deform. This deformation may lead to a decrease in the control accuracy of the coating thickness, making it difficult to achieve uniform and precise insulation layer coating. Specifically, when the temperature and pressure of the molten material are too high, the elasticity and rigidity of the silicone rubber material may be insufficient, resulting in deformation of the forming cylinder under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, thereby affecting the thickness of the final coating layer. This problem is particularly prominent under high-temperature and high-pressure operating conditions, making the thickness control during the coating process unstable, thus affecting the quality and consistency of the product. Therefore, solving the deformation problem of the silicone rubber expansion forming cylinder under high-pressure and high-temperature molten material is crucial for improving the processing accuracy and reliability of the forming device. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the above problems, a cable core coating forming device and a forming method are provided. By movably arranging an annular sliding seat in the extrusion head die and combining an adjusting component to adjust the diameter of the annular extrusion port, stability and high-precision control are achieved in terms of structure, enabling the diameter of the annular extrusion port to be accurately adjusted as needed, thereby effectively controlling the coating thickness of the cable core and solving the problem that the existing cable coating forming device cannot accurately and stably control the coating thickness during the coating process.

[0008] To solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a cable core coating forming device, including an extrusion head die and an extruder for injecting high-pressure molten material into the extrusion head die. The extrusion head die has a coating channel through which the cable can pass, an annular molten material cavity surrounding the coating channel, and an annular extrusion port connecting the annular molten material cavity and the coating channel. When the cable passes through the coating channel, the annular extrusion port coats the outer circumference of the cable with molten material having a thickness equal to the opening width of the annular extrusion port. An inlet port extending radially along the extrusion head die is provided on the extrusion head die, and the inlet port is connected to the annular molten material cavity. The injection port of the extruder is connected to the inlet port. An annular sliding seat coaxial with the coating channel and an adjusting component for driving the annular sliding seat to move axially are provided in the extrusion head die. The annular sliding seat is hollow and coaxially connected to the coating channel. An annular molten material cavity and an annular extrusion port are formed between the annular sliding seat and the inner end of the extrusion head die. The diameter of the annular extrusion port expands as the distance between the annular sliding seat and the inner end of the extrusion head die increases. The thickness of the cable insulation layer is controlled by adjusting the diameter of the annular extrusion port.

[0009] Preferably, the annular sliding seat is screwed coaxially with the inner wall of the extrusion head die. When the annular sliding seat rotates relative to the extrusion head die, the annular sliding seat moves along the axis direction of the coating channel in the extrusion head die. One end of the adjusting assembly is connected to the outer end of the annular sliding seat, and the other end of the adjusting assembly extends axially along the coating channel to the outside of the extrusion head die. By rotating the exposed part of the adjusting assembly relative to the extrusion head, the annular sliding seat is guided to move axially along the coating channel in the extrusion head die.

[0010] Preferably, an inner tooth cylinder coaxial with it is arranged at the outer end of the annular sliding seat, and the inner tooth cylinder is threadedly connected with the inner wall of the extrusion head die. The adjusting assembly includes a fixed ring, a driving cylinder, an outer tooth ring and a gear. The fixed ring is coaxially and fixedly arranged at one end of the extrusion head die. The driving cylinder is coaxially rotatably arranged in the inner opening of the fixed ring. One end of the driving cylinder extends into the coating channel, and the other end of the driving cylinder extends to the outside of the fixed ring. The outer tooth ring is coaxially and fixedly arranged at the inner end of the driving cylinder. The gear is rotatably arranged along the circumferential direction of the driving cylinder at the inner end of the fixed ring. The gear is located between the outside of the outer tooth ring and the inside of the inner tooth cylinder, and the gear meshes with the outer tooth ring and the inner tooth cylinder respectively.

[0011] Preferably, a driving ring coaxial with it is arranged at the outer end of the driving cylinder, and a driving handle extending radially along its outer circumferential surface is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the driving ring. The end of the driving handle extends to the outside of the extrusion head die.

[0012] Preferably, the forming device further includes an air pump. An annular air cavity is also arranged in the extrusion head die, and an air flow guiding rotating part coaxially arranged in the coating channel. An air inlet communicating with the annular air cavity is also arranged on the extrusion head die. The air inlet is communicated with the air outlet of the air pump. The annular air cavity is located on the side where the annular molten material cavity discharges. The air flow guiding rotating part is located on the side where the annular extrusion port discharges. The air flow guiding rotating part is hollow and communicated with the coating channel. An air outlet groove communicating its inner cavity and the annular air cavity is arranged on the air flow guiding rotating part. When the air pump pumps gas into the annular air cavity and the gas passes through the air outlet groove from the annular air cavity into the coating channel, the air flow guiding rotating part rotates in the coating channel.

[0013] Preferably, a cylindrical mounting groove coaxial with it is also arranged in the coating channel. The air flow guiding rotating part includes a rotating cylinder coaxially and rotatably arranged in the cylindrical mounting groove. An air passing channel is formed between the outer circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder and the inner wall of the cylindrical mounting groove. Arc-shaped guide vanes distributed along its circumferential direction are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder. The air outlet grooves are distributed along the circumferential direction on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder. The outer edge of the arc-shaped guide vane is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the cylindrical mounting groove. An annular air outlet communicating with the air passing channel is arranged on the inner side of the annular air cavity. The air outlet groove is located on the side where the arc-shaped guide vane deviates from the annular air outlet. When the gas in the annular air cavity passes through the annular air outlet, the air passing channel and the air outlet groove in sequence, the rotating cylinder rotates under the state that the arc-shaped guide vane has the action of air flow.

[0014] Preferably, the extrusion head die includes a seat body and an end body connected to the seat body. The melt cavity is located in the seat body. An annular cavity air chamber is formed between the seat body and the end body. An annular connecting groove I is provided at one end of the seat body, and an annular connecting groove II is provided at one end of the inner circumferential surface of the end body. Both ends of the rotating cylinder are coaxially rotatably connected to the annular connecting groove I and the annular connecting groove II respectively.

[0015] Preferably, the overmolding device further includes a positioning mechanism provided at the feeding end of the extrusion head die. The positioning mechanism has an avoidance opening through which the cable can pass, positioning wheels that can be arranged circumferentially along the avoidance opening, and a driving member for driving all the positioning wheels to move synchronously in the radial direction of the avoidance opening.

[0016] Preferably, there are two positioning wheels. An annular arc groove coaxial with it is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the positioning wheel. The positioning mechanism further includes a fixed disk and two supports. The fixed disk is fixedly provided at the feeding end of the extrusion head die. The avoidance opening is located at the center of the fixed disk. The two supports are slidably arranged on the fixed disk in the radial direction of the avoidance opening either towards or away from each other. The two positioning wheels are respectively rotatably arranged on the two supports. Guide columns penetrating through the fixed disk and slidably mating with it are provided on the supports. The driving member includes an adjusting ring coaxially rotatably arranged at the other end of the fixed disk. A guide groove deviating from its radial direction is provided on the adjusting ring. The guide column extends into the guide groove and slidably mates with it. An adjusting cylinder coaxial with it is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the adjusting ring. The adjusting cylinder is threadedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the fixed disk. A connecting column extending along its axial direction and connected to the extrusion head die is provided on the fixed disk. An arc groove slidably mating with the connecting column is provided on the adjusting ring.

[0017] A method for overmolding a cable core is realized by a cable core overmolding device. The molding method includes the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Pass the cable core coaxially through the coating channel of the extrusion head die, and traction the cable core to make it move in the coating channel.

[0019] Step 2: Adjust the position of the annular sliding seat in the extrusion head through the adjusting component as needed to adjust the caliber of the annular extrusion opening.

[0020] Step 3: Start the extruder, inject the melt into the annular melt cavity. While the cable core passes through the extrusion head, the annular extrusion opening coats a fixed thickness of melt on the cable core.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this application compared with the prior art are:

[0022] Precisely control the coating thickness: By adjusting the position of the annular sliding seat, the caliber of the annular extrusion opening can be accurately controlled, so as to accurately adjust the thickness of the cable insulation layer. This ensures the uniformity and consistency of the coating layer and improves the product quality.

[0023] Uniform coating: The rotating cylinder achieves stable rotation through the airflow of the arc-shaped guide vanes, which not only optimizes the airflow distribution but also enhances the accuracy of the forming process. The gas flows through multiple steps such as the annular air outlet, air passage, and air outlet groove inside the rotating cylinder, enabling the molten material to be uniformly coated on cables of different diameters. Through this efficient airflow guiding and rotation driving mechanism, the forming device can achieve high-quality and highly consistent production of cable insulation layers.

[0024] Enhanced adaptability: The adjustable annular sliding seat design allows the device to handle cable cores of different diameters and specifications, improving the versatility and flexibility of the device.

[0025] Stable processing process: The stable structure design and precise control system of the device ensure stable operation under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, reducing production interruptions caused by equipment failures. Description of the drawings

[0026] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional view of the extrusion head mold in a cable core coating forming device.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a side view of the extrusion head mold in a cable core coating forming device.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional sectional view of the extrusion head mold in a cable core coating forming device.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a sectional view of the extrusion head mold in a cable core coating forming device.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional exploded view of the positioning mechanism in a cable core coating forming device.

[0031] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional exploded view of the extrusion head mold in a cable core coating forming device from the first perspective.

[0032] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional exploded view of the extrusion head mold in a cable core coating forming device from the second perspective.

[0033] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional exploded view of the adjustment component in a cable core coating forming device.

[0034] Figure 9 It is a three-dimensional view of the airflow guiding member in a cable core coating forming device from the first perspective.

[0035] Figure 10It is a perspective view of an air flow guide in a cable core coating forming device from a second perspective.

[0036] The reference numerals in the figure are: 1, extrusion head die; 111, coating channel; 112, annular melt cavity; 113, annular extrusion port; 114, feed port; 12, annular sliding seat; 121, internal gear ring; 13, adjustment assembly; 131, fixing ring; 132, driving cylinder; 1321, driving ring; 133, external gear ring; 134, gear; 135, driving handle; 141, annular air cavity; 1411, annular air outlet; 142, air inlet; 15, air flow guide; 151, air outlet groove; 152, rotating cylinder; 153, arc-shaped guide vane; 16, cylindrical mounting groove; 17, seat body; 18, end body; 2, positioning mechanism; 21, avoidance opening; 22, positioning wheel; 221, annular arc-shaped groove; 231, adjustment ring; 2311, guide groove; 2312, arc-shaped groove; 232, adjustment cylinder; 24, fixing plate; 241, connecting column; 25, support; 251, guide column. Detailed implementation mode

[0037] To further understand the features, technical means, specific purposes, and functions achieved by the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific implementation modes.

[0038] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, the present application provides:

[0039] A cable core coating forming device, including an extrusion head die 1 and an extruder for injecting high-pressure melt into the extrusion head die 1. The extrusion head die 1 has a coating channel 111 through which a cable can pass, an annular melt cavity 112 surrounding the coating channel 111, and an annular extrusion port 113 connecting the annular melt cavity 112 and the coating channel 111. When the cable passes through the coating channel 111, the annular extrusion port 113 coats the outer circumference of the cable with a melt having the same thickness as the opening width of the annular extrusion port 113. The extrusion head die 1 is provided with a feed port 114 extending radially along it, and the feed port 114 is connected to the annular melt cavity 112. The injection port of the extruder is connected to the feed port 114. An annular sliding seat 12 coaxial with the coating channel 111 is arranged in the extrusion head die 1, and an adjustment assembly 13 for driving the annular sliding seat 12 to move axially along it. The annular sliding seat 12 is hollow and coaxially connected to the coating channel 111. An annular melt cavity 112 and an annular extrusion port 113 are formed between the annular sliding seat 12 and the inner end of the extrusion head die 1. The diameter of the annular extrusion port 113 increases as the distance between the annular sliding seat 12 and the inner end of the extrusion head die 1 increases. The thickness of the cable insulation layer is controlled by adjusting the diameter of the annular extrusion port 113.

[0040] The extrusion head die 1 is designed with a covering channel 111 that allows the cable to pass through. At the same time, an annular melt cavity 112 is arranged around the covering channel 111. The melt cavity is connected to the covering channel 111 through an annular extrusion port 113. When the cable passes through the covering channel 111, the opening width of the annular extrusion port 113 determines the covering thickness of the outer periphery of the cable, ensuring that the melt evenly covers the cable. The extrusion head die 1 is provided with a feed port 114 extending radially. The feed port 114 is communicated with the annular melt cavity 112. At the same time, the injection port of the extruder is connected to the feed port 114, so as to realize the high-pressure injection of the melt. The extrusion head die 1 is also provided with an annular sliding seat 12 coaxial with the covering channel 111. The annular sliding seat 12 is hollow and coaxially communicated with the covering channel 111. To achieve precise control of the annular sliding seat 12, the device is equipped with an adjustment assembly 13 for driving the annular sliding seat 12 to move axially along it. An annular melt cavity 112 and an annular extrusion port 113 are formed between the annular sliding seat 12 and the inner end of the extrusion head die 1. As the distance between the annular sliding seat 12 and the inner end of the extrusion head die 1 increases, the diameter of the annular extrusion port 113 also expands. This design precisely controls the thickness of the cable insulation layer by adjusting the diameter of the annular extrusion port 113, ensuring that the covering process of different specifications of cable cores can meet the predetermined thickness requirements, and significantly improving the stability and consistency of the covering process.

[0041] As Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown, the annular sliding seat 12 is coaxially screwed to the inner wall of the extrusion head die 1. When the annular sliding seat 12 rotates relative to the extrusion head die 1, the annular sliding seat 12 moves along the axis direction of the covering channel 111 in the extrusion head die 1. One end of the adjustment assembly 13 is connected to the outer end of the annular sliding seat 12, and the other end of the adjustment assembly 13 extends axially along the covering channel 111 to the outside of the extrusion head die 1. By rotating the exposed part of the adjustment assembly 13 relative to the extrusion head, the annular sliding seat 12 is guided to move axially along the covering channel 111 in the extrusion head die 1.

[0042] The annular sliding seat 12 is coaxially thread-connected to the inner wall of the extrusion head die 1. This design enables the annular sliding seat 12 to move precisely along the axis direction of the covering channel 111 in the extrusion head die 1. When the annular sliding seat 12 rotates relative to the extrusion head die 1, the thread structure causes it to move back and forth in the axial direction of the covering channel 111, thereby adjusting the diameter of the annular extrusion port 113.

[0043] One end of the adjusting component 13 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the annular sliding seat 12, while the other end of the adjusting component 13 extends axially along the covering channel 111 to the outside of the extrusion head die 1. By rotating the adjusting component 13, the exposed part relative to the extrusion head die 1 can guide the annular sliding seat 12 to move along the axis direction of the covering channel 111 inside the extrusion head die 1. This adjustment method provides a convenient operation method, allowing precise control of the opening width of the annular extrusion port 113, thereby realizing precise adjustment of the thickness of the cable insulation layer.

[0044] As Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown, an inner gear cylinder coaxial with it is arranged at the outer end of the annular sliding seat 12, and the inner gear cylinder is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the extrusion head die 1. The adjusting component 13 includes a fixing ring 131, a driving cylinder 132, an outer gear ring 133 and a gear 134. The fixing ring 131 is coaxially and fixedly arranged at one end of the extrusion head die 1. The driving cylinder 132 is coaxially rotatably arranged in the inner opening of the fixing ring 131. One end of the driving cylinder 132 extends into the covering channel 111, and the other end of the driving cylinder 132 extends to the outside of the fixing ring 131. The outer gear ring 133 is coaxially and fixedly arranged at the inner end of the driving cylinder 132. The gear 134 is circumferentially rotatably arranged at the inner end of the fixing ring 131. The gear 134 is located between the outside of the outer gear ring 133 and the inside of the inner gear cylinder, and the gear 134 meshes with the outer gear ring 133 and the inner gear cylinder respectively.

[0045] Through the speed reduction transmission system of the gear 134, the position of the annular sliding seat 12 can be adjusted more precisely. Specifically, an inner gear cylinder coaxial with it is equipped at the outer end of the annular sliding seat 12, and the inner gear cylinder is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the extrusion head die 1. The adjusting component 13 consists of several key parts, including a fixing ring 131, a driving cylinder 132, an outer gear ring 133 and a gear 134, and these parts work together to achieve precise adjustment of the annular sliding seat 12.

[0046] The fixing ring 131 is coaxially fixed at one end of the extrusion head die 1, forming the base of the system. The driving cylinder 132 is coaxially arranged in the inner opening of the fixing ring 131 and can rotate relative to the fixing ring 131. One end of the driving cylinder 132 extends into the covering channel 111, and the other end extends to the outside of the fixing ring 131. The outer gear ring 133 is coaxially fixed at the inner end of the driving cylinder 132, and the gear 134 structure of the outer gear ring 133 is combined with the speed reduction transmission function of the gear 134 system.

[0047] The gear 134 is circumferentially arranged at the inner end of the fixed ring 131 along the driving cylinder 132, and the gear 134 rotates between the outer side of the external gear ring 133 and the inner side of the internal gear cylinder. Through precise meshing action, the gear 134 cooperates with the external gear ring 133 and the internal gear cylinder to achieve precise control of the driving cylinder 132. This gear 134 speed reduction transmission system greatly improves the accuracy of adjusting the position of the annular sliding seat 12 of the adjusting ring 231, enabling the opening width of the annular extrusion die 113 to be adjusted more precisely, thereby ensuring the consistency and stability of the cable insulation layer thickness.

[0048] As Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, a driving ring 1321 coaxial with the driving cylinder 132 is provided at the outer end of the driving cylinder 132. A driving handle 135 extending radially along the outer circumferential surface of the driving ring 1321 is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the driving ring 1321, and the end of the driving handle 135 extends to the outside of the extrusion die 1.

[0049] The outer end of the driving cylinder 132 is equipped with a driving ring 1321 coaxial with it. This driving ring 1321 has an outer circumferential surface, and a driving handle 135 extending radially along the outer circumferential surface is provided on the outer circumferential surface. The design of the driving handle 135 enables it to be conveniently operated and adjusted from the outside of the extrusion die 1.

[0050] The coaxial structure of the driving ring 1321 and the driving cylinder 132 ensures stability and synchronism during operation. The driving handle 135 extends along the radial direction of the driving ring 1321, and its end extends beyond the outside of the extrusion die 1, facilitating the operator to adjust outside the machine. By rotating the driving handle 135, the driving ring 1321 will drive the rotation of the driving cylinder 132 through the gear 134 speed reduction transmission system, thereby precisely adjusting the position of the annular sliding seat 12 in the extrusion die 1.

[0051] This design not only provides a user-friendly operation interface, making the adjustment process more intuitive and convenient, but also ensures the accuracy during the adjustment process. The extension of the driving handle 135 enables the operator to easily adjust the position without directly contacting the inside of the extrusion die 1, which improves the safety and convenience of operation. Overall, this structural design improves the controllability and working efficiency of the equipment, providing higher accuracy and reliability for the cable core coating forming process.

[0052] As Figure 4As shown, the forming device further includes an air pump. A ring-shaped air cavity 141 is also provided in the extrusion head die 1, and an air flow guiding and rotating member coaxial with the extrusion head die 1 is provided in the coating channel 111. An air inlet 142 communicating with the ring-shaped air cavity 141 is provided on the extrusion head die 1. The air inlet 142 is communicated with the air outlet of the air pump. The ring-shaped air cavity 141 is located on the side of the discharge of the ring-shaped melt cavity 112, and the air flow guiding and rotating member is located on the side of the discharge of the ring-shaped extrusion port 113. The air flow guiding and rotating member is hollow and communicated with the coating channel 111. An air outlet groove 151 communicating its inner cavity and the ring-shaped air cavity 141 is provided on the air flow guiding and rotating member. When the air pump pumps gas into the ring-shaped air cavity 141 and the gas passes through the air outlet groove 151 from the ring-shaped air cavity 141 into the coating channel 111, the air flow guiding and rotating member rotates in the coating channel 111.

[0053] The design of the forming device also includes an efficient air flow system, which consists of an air pump, a ring-shaped air cavity 141 and an air flow guiding and rotating member, aiming to optimize the uniform covering of the melt on cables with different diameters. In this system, the air pump transports gas to the ring-shaped air cavity 141 through the air inlet 142, and the air flow path between the ring-shaped air cavity 141 and the air flow guiding and rotating member is precisely designed to ensure the stable distribution and effective guidance of the gas.

[0054] The ring-shaped air cavity 141 in the extrusion head die 1 is located on the discharge side of the ring-shaped melt cavity 112 and is connected to the air pump through the air inlet 142. The air pump continuously transports gas into the ring-shaped air cavity 141, forming a stable air flow basis. The air flow guiding and rotating member is coaxially arranged in the coating channel 111 and is designed as a hollow structure, which enables it to communicate with the coating channel 111. The inner cavity of the air flow guiding and rotating member is connected to the ring-shaped air cavity 141 through the air outlet groove 151, ensuring that the gas can flow smoothly into the coating channel 111.

[0055] When the gas enters the coating channel 111 from the ring-shaped air cavity 141 through the air outlet groove 151, the air flow guiding and rotating member rotates in the coating channel 111. This rotating action can evenly distribute the air flow in the coating channel 111, ensuring the uniform coating of the melt on the cable surface. The rotating air flow not only helps the stable distribution of the melt, but also can adaptively adjust the direction and intensity of the air flow according to the change of the cable diameter, so as to realize the stable pressing of the melt with different thicknesses.

[0056] Through this design, the air flow can be automatically adjusted according to the diameter of the cable, ensuring that the melt is evenly coated on cables of various diameters without problems such as uneven thickness or bubbles. This precise air flow control improves the uniformity and stability of the coating layer, making the final cable insulation layer have higher consistency and quality.

[0057] Generally speaking, the optimized design of this air flow system not only improves the covering efficiency of the molten material, but also enhances the adaptability to different specifications of cables, providing a reliable guarantee for high-quality cable production.

[0058] As Figure 4 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 shown, a cylindrical mounting groove 16 coaxial with it is also provided in the covering channel 111. The air flow guiding rotating member includes a rotating cylinder 152 rotatably arranged coaxially in the cylindrical mounting groove 16. An air passing channel is formed between the outer circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder 152 and the inner wall of the cylindrical mounting groove 16. Arc-shaped guide vanes 153 are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder 152 along its circumferential direction. The air outlet grooves 151 are distributed along the circumferential direction on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder 152. The outer edge of the arc-shaped guide vane 153 is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the cylindrical mounting groove 16. A ring-shaped air outlet 1411 communicating with the air passing channel is provided on the inner side of the ring-shaped air cavity 141. The air outlet groove 151 is located on the side of the arc-shaped guide vane deviating from the ring-shaped air outlet 1411. When the gas in the ring-shaped air cavity 141 passes through the ring-shaped air outlet 1411, the air passing channel and the air outlet groove 151 in sequence, the rotating cylinder 152 rotates under the state that the arc-shaped guide vane is acted on by the air flow.

[0059] In the forming device, in order to achieve uniform covering of the molten material, a complex and delicate air flow guiding system is designed in the covering channel 111. A cylindrical mounting groove 16 coaxial with it is configured in the covering channel 111, which provides support for the installation and rotation of the rotating cylinder 152. The air flow guiding rotating member includes a rotating cylinder 152 rotatably arranged coaxially in the cylindrical mounting groove 16. An air passing channel is formed between the outer circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder 152 and the inner wall of the cylindrical mounting groove 16, which provides a stable path for the flow of gas.

[0060] A plurality of arc-shaped guide vanes 153 are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder 152 along its circumferential direction. The design of the arc-shaped guide vanes 153 is not only used to guide the air flow, but also plays a role in rotational propulsion. The gas enters the air passing channel from the ring-shaped air cavity 141 through the ring-shaped air outlet 1411, then flows through the air outlet grooves 151 on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder 152, and finally is released into the covering channel 111. In this process, the role of the arc-shaped guide vanes 153 is particularly crucial.

[0061] When the air flow acts on the arc-shaped guide vanes 153 along the axial direction of the rotating cylinder 152, the pressure and velocity of the air flow cause the arc-shaped guide vanes 153 to be impacted, generating a certain rotational torque. There is a clearance fit between the outer edge of the arc-shaped guide vane 153 and the inner wall of the cylindrical mounting groove 16. This design enables the air flow to efficiently push the rotation of the arc-shaped guide vanes 153. The geometric shape of the arc-shaped guide vanes 153 and the acting force of the air flow jointly determine the rotation direction and speed of the rotating cylinder 152.

[0062] Under the action of the air flow, the arc-shaped deflector 153 converts the kinetic energy of the air flow into the rotational force of the rotating cylinder 152, causing the rotating cylinder 152 to rotate stably in the cylindrical mounting groove 16. The rotation of the rotating cylinder 152 drives the gas to be evenly distributed along its circumference, which can ensure the uniform coating of the molten material in the coating channel 111. Since the air outlet grooves 151 are distributed along the circumference of the rotating cylinder 152, this design enables the gas to be effectively guided during the rotation of the rotating cylinder 152, avoiding the concentration of local air flow, thereby improving the coating uniformity of the molten material.

[0063] In summary, the rotating cylinder 152 achieves stable rotation through the air flow action of the arc-shaped deflector 153, which not only optimizes the air flow distribution but also enhances the accuracy of the molding process. The gas flows through multiple steps such as the annular air outlet 1411, the air passage, and the air outlet grooves 151 inside the rotating cylinder 152, enabling the molten material to be evenly coated on cables with different diameters. Through this efficient air flow guiding and rotation driving mechanism, the molding device can achieve high-quality and highly consistent production of cable insulation layers.

[0064] As Figure 4 shown, the extrusion head die 1 includes a seat body 17 and an end body 18 connected to the seat body 17. The molten material cavity is located in the seat body 17, and an annular cavity air chamber is formed between the seat body 17 and the end body 18. One end of the seat body 17 is provided with an annular connection groove one, and one end of the inner circumferential surface of the end body 18 is provided with an annular connection groove two. The two ends of the rotating cylinder 152 are coaxially rotatably connected to the annular connection groove one and the annular connection groove two respectively.

[0065] The die mainly includes a seat body 17 and an end body 18 connected to the seat body 17. The seat body 17 is the basic structure of the die, and its interior is provided with a molten material cavity for storing and conveying the molten material. The design of the molten material cavity ensures that the molten material can be evenly distributed during the extrusion process and has good fluidity. To further optimize the performance of the die, an annular cavity air chamber is formed between the seat body 17 and the end body 18.

[0066] At one end of the seat body 17, an annular connection groove one is provided. The design of this annular connection groove is used for precise cooperation with the end of the rotating cylinder 152 to ensure a tight and stable fit with the rotating cylinder 152. One end of the inner circumferential surface of the end body 18 is provided with an annular connection groove two. The annular connection groove two is symmetrical to the annular connection groove one and is also designed to be coaxially connected to the other end of the rotating cylinder 152.

[0067] The two ends of the rotating cylinder 152 are coaxially rotatably connected to the annular connection groove one and the annular connection groove two respectively. This coaxial connection method ensures that the rotating cylinder 152 can rotate smoothly during the extrusion process, avoiding rotational imbalance caused by asymmetric forces.

[0068] As Figure 5 shown, the overmolding device further includes a positioning mechanism 2 provided at the feeding end of the extrusion head die 1. The positioning mechanism 2 has an avoidance opening 21 through which the cable can pass, positioning wheels 22 circumferentially arranged along the avoidance opening 21, and a driving member for driving all the positioning wheels 22 to move synchronously in the radial direction of the avoidance opening 21.

[0069] The overmolding device further includes a positioning mechanism 2 provided at the feeding end of the extrusion head die 1, which ensures that the cable can be accurately positioned and smoothly pass through during the process of entering the extrusion head die 1. The positioning mechanism 2 has an avoidance opening 21, and the designed size and position of this avoidance opening 21 can allow the cable to pass through smoothly without being hindered. To further ensure the stability and precise positioning of the cable, the positioning mechanism 2 is equipped with a plurality of positioning wheels 22 circumferentially arranged along the avoidance opening 21. The arrangement of these positioning wheels 22 can be adjusted according to actual needs to adapt to cables of different diameters and specifications. The function of the positioning wheels 22 is to apply necessary support and guidance to the cable, so that it can maintain the correct path when passing through the extrusion head die 1, thus avoiding uneven coating or other quality problems caused by position deviation. To achieve the synchronous movement of all the positioning wheels 22, the positioning mechanism 2 is also equipped with a driving member for driving all the positioning wheels 22 to move synchronously in the radial direction of the avoidance opening 21. The driving member is designed such that each positioning wheel 22 can move coordinately in the radial direction of the avoidance opening 21, thereby realizing the precise centering and stable transmission of the cable. This synchronous movement mechanism not only improves the accuracy of operation, but also ensures that the cable maintains consistent positioning throughout the molding process, ultimately ensuring the stability and consistency of the coating quality.

[0070] As Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown in the figure, there are two positioning wheels 22. An annular arc-shaped groove 221 coaxial with the outer circumferential surface of the positioning wheel 22 is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the positioning wheel 22. The positioning mechanism 2 further includes a fixed disk 24 and two supports 25. The fixed disk 24 is fixedly arranged at the feeding end of the extrusion head die 1. The avoidance opening 21 is located at the center position of the fixed disk 24. The two supports 25 are arranged on the fixed disk 24 to slide toward or away from each other along the radial direction of the avoidance opening 21. The two positioning wheels 22 are respectively rotatably arranged on the two supports 25. A guiding column 251 penetrating the fixed disk 24 and slidingly cooperating with it is provided on the support 25. The driving member includes an adjusting ring 231 rotatably arranged coaxially at the other end of the fixed disk 24. A guiding groove 2311 deviating from its radial direction is provided on the adjusting ring 231. The guiding column 251 extends into the guiding groove 2311 and slidingly cooperates with it. An adjusting cylinder 232 coaxial with the outer circumferential surface of the adjusting ring 231 is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the adjusting ring 231. The adjusting cylinder 232 is threadedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the fixed disk 24. A connecting column 241 extending along its axial direction and connected to the extrusion head die 1 is provided on the fixed disk 24. An arc-shaped groove 2312 slidingly cooperating with the connecting column 241 is provided on the adjusting ring 231.

[0071] The outer circumferential surface of the positioning wheel 22 is provided with an annular arc groove 221 coaxial therewith, and this design can ensure that the cable is effectively guided and positioned when passing through the positioning wheel 22. The positioning mechanism 2 also includes a fixed disk 24 and two supports 25, wherein the fixed disk 24 is firmly set at the feed end of the extrusion head mold 1, and the avoidance port 21 is located at the center of the fixed disk 24. The two supports 25 can be slidably arranged on the fixed disk 24 in the radial direction of the avoidance port 21 toward or away from each other, and this arrangement allows the supports 25 to be adjusted between different positions, thereby adapting to cables of different sizes. The two positioning wheels 22 are rotatably mounted on the two supports 25, respectively, so that the cables can be uniformly supported and guided when passing through the positioning wheel 22. The supports 25 are provided with guide posts 251 that penetrate the fixed disk 24 and slide with it, and the function of these guide posts 251 is to enable the supports 25 to slide smoothly on the fixed disk 24 while maintaining the accuracy of their positioning. The driving member includes an adjusting ring 231 coaxially rotatably arranged at the other end of the fixed disk 24, and a guide groove 2311 deviating from its radial direction is arranged on the adjusting ring 231, and a guide column extends into the guide groove 2311 and slides with it, and the guide groove 2311 intersects with the sliding direction of the support 25, and the sliding position of the support 25 can be accurately controlled by rotating the adjusting ring 231. An adjusting cylinder 232 coaxial with it is arranged on the outer circumference of the adjusting ring 231, and the adjusting cylinder 232 is connected to the outer circumference of the fixed disk 24 by a threaded connection, so that the position of the adjusting cylinder 232 can be easily adjusted. The fixed disk 24 is also provided with a connecting column 241 extending along its axial direction and connected to the extrusion head mold 1 to ensure a stable connection between the fixed disk 24 and the extrusion head mold 1. The adjusting ring 231 is provided with an arc groove 2312 which is slidably matched with the connecting post 241 . This design enables the adjusting ring 231 to maintain a good match with the connecting post 241 during the adjustment process, thereby ensuring the stability and accuracy of the entire positioning mechanism 2 .

[0072] A cable core coating molding method, characterized in that the molding method is realized by a cable core coating molding device, and the molding method comprises the following steps:

[0073] Step 1: coaxially pass the cable core through the coating channel 111 of the extrusion head die 1, and pull the cable core to move in the coating channel 111;

[0074] Step 2: According to the need, the position of the ring 231-shaped sliding seat 12 in the extrusion head is adjusted by adjusting the component 13 to adjust the diameter of the ring 231-shaped extrusion port 113.

[0075] Step three, start the extruder, inject molten material into the annular molten material cavity 112, and while the cable core passes through the extrusion head, the annular extrusion port 113 covers the cable core with molten material of a fixed thickness.

[0076] The above embodiments merely represent one or several implementation manners of the present invention. The description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A cable core coating and forming device, comprising an extrusion head die (1) and an extruder for injecting high-pressure molten material into the extrusion head die (1), characterized in that, The extrusion head die (1) has a coating channel (111) through which a cable can pass, an annular melt cavity (112) surrounding the coating channel (111), and an annular extrusion port (113) connecting the annular melt cavity (112) and the coating channel (111). When the cable passes through the coating channel (111), the annular extrusion port (113) coats the outer periphery of the cable with a melt having the same thickness as the opening width of the annular extrusion port (113). An inlet port (114) extending radially along the extrusion head die (1) is provided, and the inlet port (114) communicates with the annular melt cavity (112). The injection port of the extruder communicates with the inlet port (114). An annular sliding seat (12) coaxial with the coating channel (111) is provided in the extrusion head die (1), and an adjusting assembly (13) for driving the annular sliding seat (12) to move axially along it. The annular sliding seat (12) is hollow and coaxially communicates with the coating channel (111). An annular melt cavity (112) and an annular extrusion port (113) are formed between the annular sliding seat (12) and the inner end of the extrusion head die (1). The diameter of the annular extrusion port (113) increases as the distance between the annular sliding seat (12) and the inner end of the extrusion head die (1) increases. The thickness of the cable insulation layer is controlled by adjusting the diameter of the annular extrusion port (113).

2. The cable core coating and forming device according to claim 1, wherein The annular sliding seat (12) is threadedly screwed coaxially with the inner wall of the extrusion head die (1). When the annular sliding seat (12) rotates relative to the extrusion head die (1), the annular sliding seat (12) moves in the extrusion head die (1) along the axis direction of the coating channel (111). One end of the adjusting assembly (13) is connected to the outer end of the annular sliding seat (12), and the other end of the adjusting assembly (13) extends axially along the coating channel (111) to the outside of the extrusion head die (1). By rotating the exposed part of the adjusting assembly (13) relative to the extrusion head, the annular sliding seat (12) is guided to move in the extrusion head die (1) along the axis direction of the coating channel (111).

3. The cable core coating and forming device according to claim 2, characterized in that, An inner gear cylinder coaxial with it is provided at the outer end of the annular sliding seat (12), and the inner gear cylinder is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the extrusion head die (1). The adjusting assembly (13) includes a fixed ring (131), a driving cylinder (132), an outer gear ring (133) and a gear (134). The fixed ring (131) is coaxially and fixedly provided at one end of the extrusion head die (1). The driving cylinder (132) is coaxially rotatably provided in the inner opening of the fixed ring (131). One end of the driving cylinder (132) extends into the coating channel (111), and the other end of the driving cylinder (132) extends to the outside of the fixed ring (131). The outer gear ring (133) is coaxially and fixedly provided at the inner end of the driving cylinder (132). The gear (134) is circumferentially rotatably provided at the inner end of the fixed ring (131). The gear (134) is located between the outside of the outer gear ring (133) and the inside of the inner gear cylinder, and the gear (134) meshes with the outer gear ring (133) and the inner gear cylinder respectively.

4. A cable core coating and forming device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer end of the driving cylinder (132) is provided with a driving ring (1321) coaxial therewith. The outer circumferential surface of the driving ring (1321) is provided with driving handles (135) extending radially therefrom, and the ends of the driving handles (135) extend to the outside of the extrusion head die (1).

5. A cable core coating and forming device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The forming device further includes an air pump. The extrusion head die (1) is further provided with an annular air cavity (141), and an air flow guiding and rotating member coaxially arranged in the coating channel (111). The extrusion head die (1) is further provided with an air inlet (142) communicating with the annular air cavity (141). The air inlet (142) is communicated with the air outlet of the air pump. The annular air cavity (141) is located on the side where the annular molten material cavity (112) discharges materials. The air flow guiding and rotating member is located on the side where the annular extrusion port (113) discharges materials. The air flow guiding and rotating member is hollow and communicated with the coating channel (111). The air flow guiding and rotating member is provided with an air outlet groove (151) communicating its inner cavity and the annular air cavity (141). When the air pump pumps gas into the annular air cavity (141) and the gas passes through the air outlet groove (151) from the annular air cavity (141) and enters the coating channel (111), the air flow guiding and rotating member rotates in the coating channel (111).

6. The cable core coating and forming device according to claim 5, wherein, The coating channel (111) is further provided with a cylindrical mounting groove (16) coaxial therewith. The air flow guiding and rotating member includes a rotating cylinder (152) rotatably arranged coaxially in the cylindrical mounting groove (16). An air passing channel is formed between the outer circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder (152) and the inner wall of the cylindrical mounting groove (16). The outer circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder (152) is provided with arc-shaped guide vanes (153) distributed along its circumferential direction. The air outlet grooves (151) are distributed along the circumferential direction on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder (152). The outer edge of the arc-shaped guide vane (153) is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the cylindrical mounting groove (16). The inner side of the annular air cavity (141) is provided with an annular air outlet (1411) communicating with the air passing channel. The air outlet grooves (151) are located on the side where the arc-shaped guide vanes deviate from the annular air outlet (1411). When the gas in the annular air cavity (141) passes through the annular air outlet (1411), the air passing channel and the air outlet grooves (151) in sequence, the rotating cylinder (152) rotates in a state where the arc-shaped guide vanes are affected by air flow.

7. A cable core coating and forming device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The extrusion head die (1) includes a seat body (17) and an end body (18) connected to the seat body (17). The molten material cavity is located in the seat body (17). An annular cavity air cavity is formed between the seat body (17) and the end body (18). One end of the seat body (17) is provided with a first annular connecting groove. One end of the inner circumferential surface of the end body (18) is provided with a second annular connecting groove. The two ends of the rotating cylinder (152) are coaxially and rotatably connected to the first annular connecting groove and the second annular connecting groove respectively.

8. A cable core coating and forming device according to any one of claims 1-4, 6, and 7, characterized in that, The coating forming device further includes a positioning mechanism (2) arranged at the feeding end of the extrusion head die (1). The positioning mechanism (2) has an avoidance opening (21) through which the cable can pass, positioning wheels (22) that can be arranged circumferentially along the avoidance opening (21), and a driving member for driving all the positioning wheels (22) to move synchronously along the radial direction of the avoidance opening (21).

9. The cable core coating and forming device according to claim 8, characterized in that, There are two positioning wheels (22). An annular arc-shaped groove (221) coaxial with the outer circumferential surface of the positioning wheel (22) is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the positioning wheel (22). The positioning mechanism (2) further includes a fixed disk (24) and two supports (25). The fixed disk (24) is fixedly arranged at the feeding end of the extrusion head die (1). The avoidance opening (21) is located at the center of the fixed disk (24). The two supports (25) are arranged on the fixed disk (24) to slide towards or away from each other along the radial direction of the avoidance opening (21). The two positioning wheels (22) are respectively rotatably arranged on the two supports (25). A guiding column (251) passing through the fixed disk (24) and slidably cooperating with it is arranged on the support (25). The driving member includes an adjusting ring (231) rotatably arranged coaxially at the other end of the fixed disk (24). A guiding groove (2311) deviating from its radial direction is arranged on the adjusting ring (231). The guiding column (251) extends into the guiding groove (2311) and slidably cooperates with it. An adjusting cylinder (232) coaxial with the outer circumferential surface of the adjusting ring (231) is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the adjusting ring (231). The adjusting cylinder (232) is threadedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the fixed disk (24). A connecting column (241) extending along its axial direction and connected to the extrusion head die (1) is arranged on the fixed disk (24). An arc-shaped groove (2312) slidably cooperating with the connecting column (241) is arranged on the adjusting ring (231).

10. A method for forming a cable core coating, characterized in that, The forming method is realized by a cable core coating forming device according to any one of claims 1-4, 6, 7, 9. The forming method includes the following steps: Step 1: Coaxially pass the cable core through the coating channel (111) of the extrusion head die (1), and traction the cable core to move it in the coating channel (111). Step 2: Adjust the position of the annular sliding seat (12) in the extrusion head through the adjusting assembly (13) as needed to adjust the diameter of the annular extrusion opening (113). Step 3: Start the extruder, inject molten material into the annular molten material cavity (112). While the cable core passes through the extrusion head, the annular extrusion opening (113) coats a fixed thickness of molten material on the cable core.

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