Battery monomer, battery, power utilization device and battery state monitoring method

Abstract

The invention provides a battery monomer, a battery, a power utilization device and a battery state monitoring method. The single battery comprises a battery body, a carrier communication unit and a sensor assembly, wherein the battery body is provided with a pole penetrating from the inside of the battery body to the outside of the battery body; the carrier communication unit sensor assembly is electrically connected with the carrier communication unit, and the carrier communication unit is electrically connected with the pole; the carrier communication unit is used for receiving the monitoring parameters, generating parameter messages based on the monitoring parameters through the link layer, converting the parameter messages into first carrier signals through the physical layer, and then loading the first carrier signals to the pole columns so as to transmit the first carrier signals to the power supply bus. According to the application, the carrier wave communication unit can be used for quickly and timely sending the carrier wave signals with the monitoring parameters, so that the possibility of accidents caused by battery problems can be reduced, and the monitoring efficiency of the battery monomers can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of batteries, and particularly relates to a battery cell, a battery, an electrical device, and a battery state monitoring method. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, conventional battery monitoring technologies use sensors and analog sampling technologies outside the battery to monitor indicators such as the housing temperature, current, and voltage, and use dedicated communication cables to carry out monitoring based on protocols such as the CAN protocol; systems represented by the battery system (BMS, BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM) all monitor parameters such as current, voltage, and temperature from outside the battery housing. The chip cost of this method itself is relatively high, basically more than one hundred yuan, and dedicated cables need to be laid between battery packs for data transmission, further increasing the monitoring cost. Since the battery itself is an energy storage device, when the battery can detect an obvious temperature change, it has already undergone a drastic change, and it may be too late to take remedial measures at this time to prevent danger from occurring. Therefore, how to improve the monitoring efficiency of battery monitoring parameters to improve the safety of the battery has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a battery cell, a battery, an electrical device, a battery state monitoring system and method, aiming to solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted in this application is: providing a battery cell, which includes a battery body, a carrier communication unit, and a sensor assembly. The battery body is provided with a pole column that penetrates from the inside of the battery body to the outside of the battery body, and the pole column is used to provide a power supply current for an external load; the sensor assembly and the carrier communication unit are electrically connected, and the carrier communication unit is electrically connected to the pole column; wherein, the sensor assembly is used to collect monitoring parameters of the battery cell; the carrier communication unit includes a physical layer and a link layer, and the carrier communication unit is used to receive the monitoring parameters, generate a parameter message based on the monitoring parameters through the link layer, and convert the parameter message into a first carrier signal through the physical layer, and load the first carrier signal on the pole column to transmit it to the carrier communication unit on the power supply bus. In the above solution, the battery body can use the carrier communication unit to quickly and timely send a carrier signal with monitoring parameters, thereby reducing the possibility of accidents caused by battery problems and improving the monitoring efficiency of the battery cell.

[0005] In some embodiments, the sensor assembly and the carrier communication unit are disposed inside the battery body, and the carrier communication unit is electrically connected to the terminal post inside the battery body. In the above solution, by disposing the sensor assembly and the carrier communication unit inside the battery body, it is possible to obtain the monitoring parameters inside the battery body, thereby reducing the possibility of accidents caused by the monitoring parameters inside the battery.

[0006] In some embodiments, in response to the monitoring parameters meeting the preset requirements, the carrier communication unit actively generates a parameter message based on the monitoring parameters through the link layer and converts the parameter message into a first carrier signal through the physical layer, and actively loads the first carrier signal onto the terminal post to be transmitted to the power supply bus. In the above solution, the battery cell of the present application can actively upload when the monitoring parameters meet the preset requirements, thereby reducing the possibility of accidents caused by problems with the battery and improving the monitoring efficiency of the battery cell.

[0007] In some embodiments, the monitoring parameters include temperature value, air pressure value, gas concentration, magnetic field, voltage, current, stress, impedance, and chemical state of the electrolyte. The carrier communication unit is used to determine whether the monitoring parameters are greater than or equal to the preset parameter threshold. If so, it is determined that the monitoring parameters meet the preset requirements. In the above solution, the battery cell of the present application can actively upload when the monitoring parameters meet the preset requirements, thereby reducing the possibility of accidents caused by the monitoring parameters exceeding the preset threshold.

[0008] In some embodiments, the sensor assembly may include at least one or any combination of a temperature sensor, an air pressure sensor, a gas sensor, a magnetic field intensity sensor, a voltage sensor, a current sensor, a stress sensor, an impedance sensor, and an electrochemical sensor. In the above solution, by setting different sensor assemblies, one or more parameters of the battery cell can be further obtained, improving the monitoring efficiency of the battery management module for the battery cell.

[0009] In some embodiments, the carrier communication unit includes a carrier communication module and a processor. The processor is coupled to the carrier communication module. The carrier communication module is provided with a physical layer and a link layer. The processor is used to control the carrier communication module to generate a parameter message based on the monitoring parameters through the link layer and convert the parameter message into a first carrier signal through the physical layer in response to the monitoring parameters meeting the preset requirements. In the above solution, through the physical layer and the link layer of the carrier communication module, when the battery monitoring parameters meet the preset requirements, they can be generated into a parameter message and the parameter message can be converted into a first carrier signal through the physical layer, thereby reducing the possibility of accidents caused by problems with the battery and further improving the monitoring efficiency of the battery cell.

[0010] In some embodiments, the carrier communication unit is configured to generate a parameter message through the link layer in accordance with a preset message format by using the destination node address, the local node address, and the monitoring parameters. In the above solution, the link layer of the carrier communication unit can set the corresponding destination node address and local node address for the monitoring parameters of the battery body, thereby improving the transmission efficiency and transmission accuracy of the battery monitoring parameters.

[0011] In some embodiments, the carrier communication unit is configured to add a header and a footer to the monitoring parameters through the link layer in accordance with a preset message format, and add the destination node address and the local node location to the header, and then generate a parameter message. In the above solution, the carrier communication unit can add the destination node address and the local node location to the header through the link layer, and then generate a parameter message, and can use a custom message to transmit the monitoring parameters, making the transmission of the battery body monitoring parameters safer and more efficient.

[0012] In some embodiments, the carrier communication unit is configured to convert the parameter message into a first carrier signal in the form of a bit stream through the physical layer. In the above solution, the carrier communication unit can convert the parameter message into a first carrier signal in the form of a bit stream through the physical layer, thereby realizing the transmission of the monitoring parameters through the carrier communication method and improving the transmission efficiency of the monitoring parameters.

[0013] In some embodiments, the carrier communication unit is configured to convert the parameter message into a first carrier signal with a preset frequency through the physical layer; the preset frequency is 700 KHz to 12 MHz. In the above solution, setting the preset frequency to 700 KHz to 12 MHz can reduce the influence of external interference frequency bands on the carrier communication unit.

[0014] In some embodiments, the preset frequency is further set to 800 KHz to 10 MHz. In the above solution, setting the preset frequency to 800 KHz to 10 MHz can further reduce the influence of external interference frequency bands on the carrier communication unit and improve the anti-interference ability of the first carrier signal.

[0015] In some embodiments, the battery cell further includes a filtering component, and the filtering component is respectively connected to the carrier communication unit and the terminal post, and is configured to perform filtering processing on the first carrier signal. In the above solution, setting the filtering component can reduce the interference of other signals on the first carrier signal and improve the accuracy of the obtained battery monitoring parameters.

[0016] In some embodiments, the terminal posts include a positive terminal post and a negative terminal post, and the carrier communication unit includes a transmission positive electrode, a transmission negative electrode, a power supply positive electrode, and a power supply negative electrode; the power supply positive electrode and the power supply negative electrode are respectively electrically connected to the positive terminal post and the negative terminal post to supply power to the carrier communication unit and the sensor assembly through the positive terminal post and the negative terminal post; the filtering assembly includes a first capacitor bank and a second capacitor bank, the first capacitor bank is electrically connected between the transmission positive electrode and the positive terminal post, and the second capacitor bank is electrically connected between the transmission negative electrode and the negative terminal post. In the above solution, the first capacitor bank and the second capacitor bank are provided at both the positive and negative ends between the terminal post and the carrier communication unit, which can further reduce the influence of interference signals and improve the accuracy of the obtained battery monitoring parameters.

[0017] In some embodiments, the first capacitor bank includes at least one filtering capacitor electrically connected to each other; the second capacitor bank includes at least one filtering capacitor electrically connected to each other.

[0018] In some embodiments, the carrier communication unit is further configured to receive a second carrier signal input through the terminal post, convert it into a control signal, and control the sensor assembly to collect monitoring parameters in response to the control signal. In the above solution, the carrier communication unit can convert the second carrier signal input through the terminal post into a control signal to control the processor, and can accurately obtain the battery parameters inside the battery cell based on requirements.

[0019] In some embodiments, the sensor assembly and the carrier communication unit are disposed on a circuit board. In the above solution, disposing the sensor assembly and the carrier communication unit on the circuit board can improve the integration of the battery system and facilitate the miniaturization of the battery system.

[0020] In some embodiments, the circuit board is provided with a plurality of interfaces for electrically connecting to the sensor assembly, and the plurality of interfaces include at least one of UART, IIC, GPIO, and SPI. In the above solution, providing a plurality of interfaces can expand different sensor assemblies.

[0021] To solve the above technical problems, another technical solution adopted by the present application is: providing a battery, the battery includes a plurality of battery cells, each battery cell includes at least the battery cell of any one of the above, wherein the plurality of battery cells are electrically connected; each battery cell serves as a node, and the carrier communication unit of each battery cell is configured with a corresponding node address. In the above solution, configuring a corresponding node address for the carrier communication unit of each battery cell can facilitate quickly locating the problematic battery cell and improve the monitoring efficiency of the battery.

[0022] To solve the above technical problems, another technical solution adopted by this application is: providing an electrical device, which includes the above battery and a carrier communication gateway. The carrier communication gateway is electrically connected to the power supply bus, and the carrier communication gateway converts the first carrier signal to obtain monitoring parameters. In the above solution, setting the carrier communication gateway can convert the first carrier signal and obtain monitoring parameters, thereby improving the acquisition efficiency of battery monitoring parameters.

[0023] In some embodiments, the electrical device includes a battery management module, and the battery management module is communicatively connected to the carrier communication gateway. In the above solution, setting the battery management module can adjust the battery based on the obtained monitoring parameters, thereby reducing the risk of safety problems with the battery.

[0024] In some embodiments, the electrical device further includes an Internet of Things gateway, and the Internet of Things gateway module is communicatively connected to the carrier communication gateway; wherein, the Internet of Things gateway is communicatively connected to the cloud; and / or, the electrical device includes a battery management module, and the battery management module is communicatively connected to the Internet of Things gateway. In the above solution, setting the Internet of Things gateway can transmit the collected monitoring parameters to various systems for early warning or fault location.

[0025] In some embodiments, the electrical device includes a processing module, and the processing module is communicatively connected to the carrier communication gateway. In the above solution, the monitoring parameters of the battery can be directly sent to the processing module of the electrical device through the carrier communication gateway, and the processing module can directly adjust the battery based on the obtained monitoring parameters, improving the efficiency of adjusting the battery.

[0026] To solve the above technical problems, another technical solution adopted by this application is: providing a battery state monitoring method, which is applied to the electrical device of any one of the above, and the battery state monitoring method includes: obtaining monitoring parameters in the battery that meet preset requirements, generating a parameter message based on the monitoring parameters through the link layer, and converting the parameter message into a first carrier signal through the physical layer and loading it onto the power supply bus; sending the first carrier signal to the carrier communication gateway through the power supply bus, and the carrier communication gateway receives the first carrier signal and converts it into monitoring parameters; sending the monitoring parameters out through the carrier communication gateway. In the above solution, the battery cells of this application can actively upload when the monitoring parameters meet the preset requirements, thereby reducing the possibility of accidents caused by problems with the battery and improving the monitoring efficiency of the battery cells. Description of the Drawings

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these drawings, where:

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment of the electrical device of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the second embodiment of the electrical device of the present application;

[0030] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the third embodiment of the electrical device of the present application;

[0031] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment of the battery provided by the present application;

[0032] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment of the battery cell provided by the present application;

[0033] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the second embodiment of the battery of the present application;

[0034] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the second embodiment of the battery cell of the present application;

[0035] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the third embodiment of the battery of the present application;

[0036] Figure 9 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the battery state monitoring method of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] The following will describe in detail the embodiments of the technical solutions of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, so they are only examples and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0038] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above accompanying drawing descriptions are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0039] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity, specific order, or primary-secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is more than two, unless otherwise specifically and clearly defined.

[0040] Reference to "embodiment" in this text means that the specific features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The phrase appearing in various positions in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0041] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this text generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0042] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "a plurality of" means more than two (including two). Similarly, "a plurality of groups" means more than two groups (including two groups), and "a plurality of pieces" means more than two pieces (including two pieces).

[0043] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by technical terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0044] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may also be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0045] At present, from the perspective of market development prospects and application trends, due to the advantages of high energy density, high power density, many cycle usage times, and long storage time, batteries have been widely used in various fields. For example, they are applied to various energy storage power systems such as hydraulic, thermal, wind, and solar power stations, and also provide power for high-power devices, such as vehicles like electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and electric vehicles, as well as military equipment and aerospace and other fields.

[0046] The battery cell disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be but is not limited to being used in electrical devices such as vehicles, ships, or aircraft. A power system of the electrical device can be composed of the battery cell and battery disclosed in the present application.

[0047] The embodiments of the present application provide an electrical device using a battery as a power source. The electrical device can be but is not limited to mobile phones, tablets, laptop computers, electric toys, electric tools, battery cars, electric vehicles, ships, spacecraft, and so on. Among them, electric toys can include fixed or mobile electric toys, for example, game consoles, electric vehicle toys, electric ship toys, and electric aircraft toys, etc. Spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spaceships, etc.

[0048] Taking a vehicle as an example, as Figure 1 shown, Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment of the electrical device of the present application. The vehicle can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. The new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or an extended-range vehicle, etc. A battery 100 is arranged inside the vehicle. The battery 100 can be arranged at the bottom, head, or tail of the vehicle. The battery 100 can be used for power supply of the vehicle. For example, the battery 100 can be used as the operating power source of the vehicle. The vehicle can also include a controller 200 and a motor 300. The controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to supply power to the motor 300. For example, it is used for the working power requirements during the start, navigation, and driving of the vehicle.

[0049] In some embodiments, the battery 100 can not only be used as the operating power source of the vehicle but also as the driving power source of the vehicle, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the second embodiment of the electrical device of the present application. As Figure 2 shown, in this embodiment, the electrical device 1000 includes a battery 100 and a carrier communication gateway 400. The carrier communication gateway 400 is electrically connected to the power supply bus of the battery 100. The carrier communication gateway 400 converts the first carrier signal transmitted from the battery 100 to obtain monitoring parameters.

[0051] Among them, the battery 100 in this embodiment can be a pack containing a control module, or a battery cell, battery module, or battery pack without a control module. Among them, a battery cell can be considered the smallest unit that makes up a battery. Each battery cell can be a secondary battery or a primary battery; it can also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited thereto. The battery cell can be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid, or other shapes. A battery module can be considered an overall formed by connecting multiple battery cells in series, parallel, or in a series-parallel combination and housed in a box. Series-parallel combination means that there are both series and parallel connections among multiple battery cells. For example, multiple battery cells can be directly connected in series, parallel, or in a series-parallel combination, and then the overall formed by the multiple battery cells is housed in a box. A battery pack can also be formed by multiple battery cells first connected in series, parallel, or in a series-parallel combination to form a battery module, and then multiple battery modules are connected in series, parallel, or in a series-parallel combination to form an overall and housed in a box.

[0052] The battery 100 in this embodiment can include multiple battery units. Each battery unit includes at least one battery cell. The multiple battery units are connected to a power supply bus. Each battery unit transmits a first carrier signal to the power supply bus through a terminal post, and each battery unit serves as a node. The carrier communication unit of each battery unit is configured with a corresponding node address.

[0053] Among them, a battery unit can also be a pack containing multiple battery cells, or a single battery cell.

[0054] The carrier communication gateway 400 in this embodiment can be electrically connected to the power supply bus of the above-mentioned battery 100. Setting the carrier communication gateway 400 can convert the first carrier signal transmitted from the power supply bus of the battery 100 to obtain the monitoring parameters of the battery 100, thereby improving the acquisition efficiency of the battery monitoring parameters.

[0055] As Figure 2 shown, the electrical device 1000 in this embodiment further includes a battery management module 500. The battery management module 500 is communicatively connected to the carrier communication gateway 400. The battery management module 500 can adjust the battery based on the acquired monitoring parameters, thereby reducing the risk of safety problems occurring in the battery 100.

[0056] Among them, the battery management module 500 includes one of a BMS system and a VCU.

[0057] The BMS (Battery Management System) is commonly known as the battery nanny or battery butler. Its main function is to intelligently manage and maintain each battery cell, for example, to prevent the battery from overcharging and over-discharging, extend the battery's service life, and monitor the battery's status. The VCU can be regarded as the vehicle controller. The vehicle controller is a key device in the pure electric vehicle's entire vehicle electronic control system. Similar to the engine management system (EMS) in traditional internal combustion engine vehicles, the vehicle controller of a pure electric vehicle can reasonably allocate energy and maximize the utilization efficiency of the in-vehicle battery energy. The electronic control unit (VCU) of the vehicle controller is the core of the vehicle controller system. Nowadays, with the increasing number of electronic devices and the growing complexity of control systems in electric vehicles, an advanced vehicle control structure is of great significance for ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the vehicle and improving the data transfer efficiency between control systems. The pure electric vehicle's entire vehicle control system is a control system that can implement functions such as motor drive control, temperature control, and energy management control, and is mainly composed of sub-systems such as sensor input and switch systems, system drive output, and control unit output systems.

[0058] As Figure 3 shown Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the third embodiment of the electrical device of the present application. In this embodiment, the electrical device 1000 further includes an Internet of Things gateway 600. The Internet of Things gateway module 600 is communicatively connected to the carrier communication gateway 400, and the battery management module 500 is communicatively connected to the Internet of Things gateway 600.

[0059] Among them, the Internet of Things gateway 600 in this embodiment is used to uniformly manage the monitoring parameters of the battery 100 transmitted by the carrier communication gateway 400. In addition, the Internet of Things gateway 600 can also be connected to various systems and can transmit the monitoring parameters of the battery 100 to other systems to achieve early warning or fault location of the battery 100.

[0060] In other embodiments, the Internet of Things gateway module 600 can also be communicatively connected to the cloud. The cloud receives the monitoring parameters of the battery 100, thereby realizing the management of the battery 100.

[0061] In other embodiments, the electrical device 1000 further includes a processing module, and the processing module is communicatively connected to the carrier communication gateway. Among them, if the electrical device 1000 is a vehicle, the processing module is the vehicle controller described above. Thus, the monitoring parameters of the battery can be directly sent to the vehicle controller through the carrier communication gateway, and the vehicle controller can directly adjust the battery based on the obtained monitoring parameters, improving the efficiency of battery adjustment.

[0062] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4It is a schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment of the battery provided by this application. As described above, the battery 100 in this embodiment can be a pack including a control module, or a battery cell, battery module, or battery pack without a control module. As Figure 4 shown, in this embodiment, the battery 100 includes a battery box 10 and battery cells 20, and the battery cells 20 are accommodated in the battery box 10. Among them, the battery box 10 is used to provide an accommodation space for the battery cells 20, and the battery box 10 can adopt various structures. In some embodiments, the battery box 10 can include a first part 11 and a second part 12. The first part 11 and the second part 12 are covered with each other, and the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define an accommodation space for accommodating the battery cells 20. The second part 12 can be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first part 11 can be a plate-like structure. The first part 11 covers the open side of the second part 12 so that the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define an accommodation space; the first part 11 and the second part 12 can also be hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the first part 11 covers the open side of the second part 12. Of course, the battery box 10 formed by the first part 11 and the second part 12 can be of various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.

[0063] In the battery 100, there can be multiple battery cells 20, and the multiple battery cells 20 can be connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed connection. A mixed connection means that there are both series and parallel connections among the multiple battery cells 20. The multiple battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed connection together, and then the whole formed by the multiple battery cells 20 is accommodated in the battery box 10; of course, the battery 100 can also be that multiple battery cells 20 are first connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed connection to form a battery module form, and then multiple battery modules are connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed connection to form a whole and are accommodated in the battery box 10. The battery 100 can also include other structures. For example, the battery 100 can also include a busbar component for realizing the electrical connection among the multiple battery cells 20.

[0064] Among them, each battery cell 20 can be a secondary battery or a primary battery; it can also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, but not limited thereto. The battery cell 20 can be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid, or other shapes, etc.

[0065] Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 which is a schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment of the battery cell provided by this application. A battery cell 20 refers to the smallest unit that makes up a battery. As Figure 3 shown, the battery cell 20 includes an end cap 21, a housing 22, an electrode assembly 23, and other functional components.

[0066] The end cap 21 refers to a component that covers the opening of the housing 22 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment. Without limitation, the shape of the end cap 21 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 22 to cooperate with the housing 22. Optionally, the end cap 21 can be made of a material with a certain hardness and strength (such as aluminum alloy). In this way, the end cap 21 is not easily deformed when subjected to extrusion and collision, enabling the battery cell 20 to have higher structural strength and improved safety performance. Functional components such as electrode terminals 21a can be provided on the end cap 21. The electrode terminals 21a can be used for electrical connection with the electrode assembly 23 to output or input the electrical energy of the battery cell 20. In some embodiments, a pressure relief mechanism for releasing the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold can also be provided on the end cap 21. The material of the end cap 21 can also be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not make special restrictions on this. In some embodiments, an insulating member can also be provided on the inner side of the end cap 21, and the insulating member can be used to isolate the electrical connection components in the housing 22 from the end cap 21 to reduce the risk of short circuit. Exemplarily, the insulating member can be plastic, rubber, etc.

[0067] The housing 22 is a component used to cooperate with the end cap 21 to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20, wherein the formed internal environment can be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 23, the electrolyte, and other components. A sensor can be provided at the bottom inside the housing 22, for example, at the corner position of the housing 22. The housing 22 and the end cap 21 can be independent components. An opening can be provided on the housing 22, and the end cap 21 is covered at the opening to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20. Without limitation, the end cap 21 and the housing 22 can also be integrated. Specifically, the end cap 21 and the housing 22 can first form a common connection surface before other components are inserted into the housing, and when it is necessary to encapsulate the inside of the housing 22, the end cap 21 is then covered on the housing 22. The housing 22 can be of various shapes and sizes, such as cuboid, cylindrical, hexagonal prism, etc. Specifically, the shape of the housing 22 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 23. The material of the housing 22 can be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not make special restrictions on this.

[0068] The electrode assembly 23 is a component in the battery cell 100 where an electrochemical reaction occurs. One or more electrode assemblies 23 can be contained within the housing 22. The electrode assembly 23 is mainly formed by winding or laminating a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate, and a separator is usually provided between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate. The portions of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate having active materials constitute the main body of the electrode assembly, and the portions of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate without active materials respectively constitute the electrode tabs 23a. The positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab can be located together at one end of the main body or respectively at both ends of the main body. During the charge and discharge process of the battery, the positive active material and the negative active material react with the electrolyte, and the electrode tab 23a is connected to the electrode terminal to form a current loop.

[0069] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 which is a schematic structural diagram of the second embodiment of the battery in this application. As Figure 6 shown, in this embodiment, the battery 100 of this embodiment includes a plurality of battery units 110, where the plurality of battery units 110 are electrically connected; each battery unit 110 serves as a node, and the carrier communication unit of each battery unit 110 is configured with a corresponding node address.

[0070] Among them, as Figure 6 shown, the battery unit 110 can be set as a single battery cell 20. In other embodiments, the battery unit 110 can also be a pack including a plurality of battery cells 20.

[0071] In this embodiment, each of the plurality of battery units 110 is provided with a carrier communication unit and a sensor assembly. The sensor assembly is used to obtain the monitoring parameters of the battery unit 100. The carrier communication unit can convert the monitoring parameters into a first carrier signal and load the first carrier signal on the terminal post to transmit it to the power supply bus. And in this embodiment, each battery unit 110 serves as a node, and the carrier communication unit of each battery unit 110 is configured with a corresponding node address. Therefore, in this embodiment, by demodulating the first carrier signal transmitted by each battery unit 110, not only can the monitoring parameters of the battery unit 110 be obtained, but also the node address of the battery unit 110 corresponding to the monitoring parameters can be obtained.

[0072] In the above solution, each battery unit 110's carrier communication unit is configured with a corresponding node address, that is, the carrier communication unit of each battery unit 110 uses the link address as the network address of the device or can map the link address and the device address, which can help quickly locate the problematic battery unit 110 and improve the monitoring efficiency of the battery 100.

[0073] Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 which is a schematic structural diagram of the second embodiment of the battery cell in this application. As Figure 7As shown in the figure, the battery cell 20 of this embodiment includes a battery body 30, a carrier communication unit 40, and a sensor assembly 50.

[0074] As Figure 7 shown, the battery body 30 is provided with a terminal post 31 that penetrates from the inside of the battery body 30 to the outside of the battery body. The terminal post 31 is used to provide a power supply current for an external load. The carrier communication unit, the sensor assembly 50 and the carrier communication unit 40 are electrically connected, and the carrier communication unit 40 is electrically connected to the terminal post 31; wherein, the sensor assembly 50 is used to collect monitoring parameters of the battery cell 20; the carrier communication unit 40 is provided with a carrier communication module 41, and the carrier communication module 41 includes a physical layer 412 and a link layer 411. The carrier communication unit 40 is used to receive the monitoring parameters, generate a parameter message based on the monitoring parameters through the link layer 411, convert the parameter message into a first carrier signal through the physical layer 412, and load the first carrier signal onto the terminal post 31 to transmit it to the power supply bus.

[0075] Among them, as Figure 7 shown, in this embodiment, the sensor assembly 50 and the carrier communication unit 40 can be arranged inside the battery body 30, and the carrier communication unit 40 is electrically connected to the terminal post 31 inside the battery body 30. If the sensor assembly 50 and the carrier communication unit 40 are arranged inside the battery body 30, the monitoring parameters inside the battery body 30 can be obtained, thereby reducing the possibility of accidents caused by the monitoring parameters inside the battery 100.

[0076] In other embodiments, the carrier communication unit 40 can also be arranged outside the battery body 30, and part of the structure of the sensor assembly 50 or part of the sensor assembly 50 can also be arranged outside the battery body 30.

[0077] Among them, the carrier communication unit 40 of this embodiment only uses its physical layer 412 and link layer 411 as the transmission channel for monitoring parameters, bypasses the application layer, and uses a custom message to transmit the monitoring parameters, which is safe and efficient.

[0078] In the above solution, the battery body 30 can use the carrier communication unit 40 to quickly and timely send a carrier signal with monitoring parameters, thereby reducing the possibility of accidents caused by problems with the battery cell 20 and improving the monitoring efficiency of the battery cell 20.

[0079] In some embodiments, in response to the monitoring parameters meeting the preset requirements, the carrier communication unit 40 actively generates a parameter message based on the monitoring parameters through the link layer 411, converts the parameter message into a first carrier signal through the physical layer 412, and then actively loads the first carrier signal onto the terminal post 31 to transmit it to the power supply bus.

[0080] Among them, in this embodiment, when a certain parameter or several parameters in the monitoring parameters meet the preset requirements, the carrier communication unit 40 actively generates a parameter message based on the monitoring parameters through the link layer 411, converts the parameter message into a first carrier signal through the physical layer 412, and then actively loads the first carrier signal on the terminal post 31 to transmit it to the power supply bus.

[0081] That is, in this embodiment, the monitoring parameters in the battery cell 20 of this embodiment can be actively reported when they meet certain preset requirements, without the need for an external battery management module to obtain the monitoring parameters of the battery cell 20 by means of master-slave query.

[0082] In addition, in this embodiment, the monitoring parameters of the battery cell 20 can also be queried on demand. During the use of the battery 100, the monitoring parameters of all battery cells 20 in the battery 100 can be broadcast read or unicast read according to the address of the battery cell 20, or they can also be queried regularly. The carrier communication gateway 400 can configure different query frequencies for the battery 100 according to needs.

[0083] In the above solution, the battery cell 20 of this embodiment can actively upload when the monitoring parameters meet the preset requirements, thereby reducing the possibility of accidents caused by problems with the battery and improving the monitoring efficiency of the battery cell.

[0084] In some embodiments, the monitoring parameters include temperature value, air pressure value, gas concentration, magnetic field, voltage, current, stress, impedance, and chemical state of the electrolyte. The carrier communication unit is used to determine whether the monitoring parameters are greater than or equal to a preset parameter threshold. If so, it is determined that the monitoring parameters meet the preset requirements.

[0085] Among them, in this embodiment, the monitoring parameters can be temperature value, air pressure value, gas concentration, magnetic field, voltage, current, stress, impedance, and chemical state of the electrolyte. If the monitoring parameters are greater than or equal to the preset parameter threshold, it is determined that the monitoring parameter meets the preset requirements. In this embodiment, the stress can be the internal stress of the battery cell 20 or the stress received outside the battery cell 20. The chemical state of the electrolyte refers to the concentration of ions of the electrolyte inside the battery cell 20 in the electrolyte, etc.

[0086] In the above solution, the battery cell 20 of the present application can actively upload when the monitoring parameters meet the preset requirements, thereby reducing the possibility of accidents caused by the monitoring parameters of the battery 100 exceeding the preset threshold.

[0087] In some embodiments, the sensor assembly 50 may include at least one or any combination of a temperature sensor, an air pressure sensor, a gas sensor, a magnetic field intensity sensor, a voltage sensor, a current sensor, a stress sensor, an impedance sensor, and an electrochemical sensor.

[0088] In other embodiments, the sensor assembly 50 may also be provided with corresponding sensors based on other parameter requirements, which are not limited herein.

[0089] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, the carrier communication unit 40 includes a carrier communication module 41 and a processor 42. The processor 42 is coupled to the carrier communication module 41. The carrier communication module 41 is provided with a physical layer 412 and a link layer 411. The processor 42 is configured to control the carrier communication module 41 to generate a parameter message based on the monitoring parameter through the link layer 411 and convert the parameter message into a first carrier signal through the physical layer 412 in response to the monitoring parameter meeting a preset requirement.

[0090] In this embodiment, the processor 42 may be set as a microcontroller unit (MCU), and the MCU may also be set to adopt an open-source architecture with a RISC-V instruction set, and an internal storage unit and an oscillator are built in.

[0091] In the above solution, through the physical layer 412 and the link layer 411 of the carrier communication module 41, when the battery monitoring parameter meets the preset requirement, it can be generated into a parameter message and the parameter message can be converted into a first carrier signal through the physical layer 412, so as to reduce the possibility of accidents caused by battery problems, and further improve the monitoring efficiency of the battery cell 20.

[0092] In the above solution, in the above solution, one or more parameters of the battery cell 20 can be further obtained to improve the monitoring efficiency of the battery management module 500 for the battery cell 20.

[0093] In some embodiments, the carrier communication unit 40 is configured to generate a parameter message through the link layer 411 in accordance with a preset message format using the destination node address, the local node address, and the monitoring parameter.

[0094] Wherein, in this embodiment, the function of the link layer 411 of the carrier communication unit 40 is addressing and control. During data transmission, the link layer of the carrier communication unit 40 will generate a parameter message in accordance with a preset message format using the destination node address, the local node address, and the monitoring parameter. According to the destination node address in the parameter message, it can be ensured that the monitoring parameter of the battery cell 20 is correctly received by an external device. The parameter message also includes the local node address. When the external device receives and parses the parameter message, it can confirm the source of the monitoring parameter of the battery cell 20.

[0095] In the above solution, the link layer 411 of the carrier communication unit 40 can set corresponding destination node addresses and local node addresses for the monitoring parameters of the battery body 30, thereby improving the transmission efficiency and accuracy of the battery monitoring parameters.

[0096] In some embodiments, the carrier communication unit 40 is configured to add a header and a tail to the monitoring parameters according to a preset message format through the link layer 411, and add the destination node address and the local node location to the header, thereby generating a parameter message.

[0097] As described above, after the carrier communication unit 40 obtains the monitoring parameters of the battery cell 20 collected by the sensor assembly 50, it needs to generate a parameter message based on the monitoring parameters, the destination node address, and the local node address. Among them, in order to make the transmission of the monitoring parameters of the battery cell 20 more secure and efficient, in this embodiment, the destination node address and the local node location can be added to the header according to a preset message format to generate a parameter message. When the node address of the receiving device is inconsistent with the destination node address, the parameter message cannot be received and will be discarded. Only the target device corresponding to the destination node address can receive and process the parameter message.

[0098] In the above solution, the carrier communication unit 40 can add the destination node address and the local node location to the header through the link layer 411, thereby generating a parameter message, and can use a custom message to transmit the monitoring parameters, making the transmission of the monitoring parameters of the battery body 30 more secure and efficient.

[0099] In some embodiments, the carrier communication unit 40 is configured to convert the parameter message into a first carrier signal in the form of a bit stream through the physical layer 412.

[0100] Among them, the physical layer 412 represents an actual physical link. The physical layer 412 uses a physical transmission medium to establish a link between the two ends of the communication and realizes the transmission of the bit stream, such as copper wire, optical fiber or wireless channel, to ensure that the bit stream is correctly transmitted to the opposite end. In this embodiment, the carrier communication unit 40 converts the above-mentioned parameter message into a first carrier signal in the form of a bit stream through its own physical layer 412 and loads it onto the power supply bus through the terminal post 31.

[0101] In the above solution, the carrier communication unit 40 can convert the parameter message into a first carrier signal in the form of a bit stream through the physical layer 412, thereby realizing the transmission of the monitoring parameters through the carrier communication method and improving the transmission efficiency of the monitoring parameters.

[0102] In some embodiments, the carrier communication unit 40 is configured to convert the parameter message into a first carrier signal with a preset frequency through the physical layer 412; the preset frequency is 700 KHz to 12 MHz.

[0103] Among them, in this embodiment, the frequency at which the carrier working carrier communication unit 40 forms the first carrier signal is configurable. In this embodiment, setting the preset frequency to 700 KHz to 12 MHz can avoid the interference frequency bands generated by other devices, etc., and has strong anti-interference ability. In other embodiments, its preset frequency can also be set based on the actual situation.

[0104] In the above solution, setting the preset frequency to 700 KHz to 12 MHz can reduce the influence of external interference frequency bands on the carrier communication unit.

[0105] In some embodiments, the preset frequency of the first carrier signal can also be set to 800 KHz to 10 MHz. In the above solution, setting the preset frequency to 800 KHz to 10 MHz can further reduce the influence of external interference frequency bands on the carrier communication unit and improve the anti-interference ability of the first carrier signal.

[0106] The carrier communication unit, the carrier communication unit, the carrier communication unit, the carrier communication unit, in some embodiments, such as Figure 8 shown Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the third embodiment of the battery of the present application. As Figure 8 shown, the battery cell 20 further includes a filtering component 60. The filtering component 60 is respectively connected to the carrier communication unit 40 and the pole post 31, and is used for filtering the first carrier signal.

[0107] In the above solution, setting the filtering component 60 can reduce the interference of other signals on the first carrier signal and improve the accuracy of the obtained battery monitoring parameters.

[0108] In some embodiments, such as Figure 8 shown, the pole post 31 includes a positive pole post and a negative pole post. The carrier communication unit 40 includes a transmission positive pole, a transmission negative pole, a power supply positive pole, and a power supply negative pole; the power supply positive pole and the power supply negative pole are respectively electrically connected to the positive pole post and the negative pole post to supply power to the carrier communication unit and the sensor component through the positive pole post and the negative pole post; the filtering component 60 includes a first capacitor group 61 and a second capacitor group 62. The first capacitor group 61 is electrically connected between the transmission positive pole and the positive pole post, and the second capacitor group 62 is electrically connected between the transmission negative pole and the negative pole post.

[0109] In the above solution, by setting the first capacitor group 61 and the second capacitor group 62 at both the positive and negative ends between the pole post 31 and the carrier communication unit 40, the influence of interference signals can be further reduced, and the accuracy of the obtained battery monitoring parameters can be improved.

[0110] In some embodiments, such as Figure 8 shown, the first capacitor group 61 includes at least one filtering capacitor electrically connected to each other; the second capacitor group 62 includes at least one filtering capacitor electrically connected to each other.

[0111] Among them, the use of a filter capacitor can utilize its characteristics of "passing alternating current and blocking direct current; passing high-frequency current and blocking low-frequency current" to avoid short circuits while coupling signals. And in other embodiments, the number of filter capacitors can be set based on filtering requirements.

[0112] In some embodiments, the carrier communication unit 40 is further configured to receive a second carrier signal input through the terminal post 31, convert it into a control signal, and control the sensor assembly to collect monitoring parameters in response to the control signal.

[0113] For example, the carrier communication unit 40 converts a second carrier signal for controlling the collection type of battery parameters input through the terminal post 31 into a control signal. The carrier communication unit 40 can analyze this signal. If the control signal is to collect voltage parameters, it controls the sensor assembly 50 to collect the voltage parameters of the battery cell 20. If the control signal is to collect temperature parameters, it controls the sensor assembly 50 to collect the temperature parameters of the battery cell 20.

[0114] In the above solution, the carrier communication unit 40 can convert the second carrier signal input through the terminal post into a control signal to control the processor, and can accurately obtain the battery parameters inside the battery cell based on requirements.

[0115] In some embodiments, the sensor assembly 50 and the carrier communication unit 40 are disposed on a circuit board. That is, in this embodiment, the sensor assembly 50 and the carrier communication unit 40 are integrated on the same circuit board.

[0116] In the above solution, integrating the sensor assembly 50 and the carrier communication unit 40 on the same circuit board can improve the integration degree of the battery cell 20, which is beneficial to the miniaturization setting of the battery cell 20.

[0117] In other embodiments, the sensor assembly 50 and the carrier communication unit 40 can also be separately disposed, and the separate disposition is beneficial to the utilization rate of the internal space of the battery cell 20.

[0118] In some embodiments, a plurality of interfaces for electrically connecting to the sensor assembly 50 are disposed on the circuit board, and the plurality of interfaces include at least one of UART, IIC, GPIO, and SPI.

[0119] Among them, each interface can be correspondingly connected to a corresponding sensor assembly 50. Setting different multiple interfaces can expand different types of sensors based on requirements in the future to obtain different monitoring parameters of the battery cell 20.

[0120] Based on the above embodiments, the present application further proposes a battery state monitoring method, which is applied to the electrical equipment in the above embodiments. Please refer to Figure 9 ,Figure 9 This is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the battery state monitoring method of the present application. As Figure 9 shown, the battery state monitoring method of this embodiment includes steps S101 to S103:

[0121] Step S101: Obtain the monitoring parameters in the battery that meet the preset requirements, generate a parameter message based on the monitoring parameters through the link layer, and convert the parameter message into a first carrier signal through the physical layer and load it onto the power supply bus.

[0122] The carrier communication unit in the battery cell obtains the monitoring parameters in the battery that meet the preset requirements, generates a parameter message based on the monitoring parameters through the link layer, and converts the parameter message into a first carrier signal through the physical layer and loads it onto the power supply bus.

[0123] Step S102: Send the first carrier signal to the carrier communication gateway through the power supply bus. The carrier communication gateway receives the first carrier signal and converts it into monitoring parameters.

[0124] The battery is communicatively connected to the carrier communication gateway through the power supply bus, sends the first carrier signal to the carrier communication gateway through the power supply bus, and the carrier communication gateway receives the first carrier signal and converts it into monitoring parameters.

[0125] Step S103: Send the monitoring parameters out through the carrier communication gateway.

[0126] The carrier communication gateway is connected to the battery management module through the Internet of Things gateway, and sends out the monitoring parameters obtained by parsing and conversion. If the carrier communication gateway is connected to the battery management module, the monitoring parameters obtained by parsing and conversion are sent to the battery management module, and the battery management module manages the battery based on the monitoring parameters of the battery.

[0127] In some embodiments, based on the above embodiment of the battery state monitoring method, step S101 further includes: The carrier communication unit is further configured to generate a parameter message through the link layer according to a preset message format using the destination node address, the local node address, and the monitoring parameters.

[0128] Among them, the function of the link layer of the carrier communication unit is addressing and control. During data transmission, the link layer of the carrier communication unit will generate a parameter message according to a preset message format using the destination node address, the local node address, and the monitoring parameters. Only according to the destination node address in the parameter message can it be ensured that the monitoring parameters of the battery cell are correctly received by the external device. The parameter message also includes the local node address. When the external device receives the parameter message and parses it, it can confirm the source of the monitoring parameters of the battery cell.

[0129] Specifically, the carrier communication unit is used to add a header and a footer to the monitoring parameters according to a preset message format through the link layer, and add the destination node address and the local node location to the header, thereby generating a parameter message.

[0130] As described above, after the carrier communication unit obtains the monitoring parameters of the battery cell 20 collected by the sensor assembly, it needs to generate a parameter message based on the monitoring parameters, the destination node address, and the local node address. Among them, in order to make the transmission of the monitoring parameters of the battery cell more secure and efficient, in this embodiment, the destination node address and the local node location can be added to the header according to a preset message format to generate a parameter message. When the node address of the receiving device is inconsistent with the destination node address, the parameter message cannot be received and will be discarded. Only the target device corresponding to the destination node address can receive and process the parameter message.

[0131] In some embodiments, in step S101, the carrier communication unit is further used to convert the parameter message into a first carrier signal in the form of a bit stream through the physical layer.

[0132] Among them, the physical layer represents an actual physical link. The physical layer uses a physical transmission medium to establish a link between the two ends of the communication and realizes the transmission of the bit stream, such as copper wire, optical fiber or wireless channel, to ensure that the bit stream is correctly transmitted to the opposite end. In this embodiment, the carrier communication unit converts the parameter message described above into a first carrier signal in the form of a bit stream through its own physical layer and loads it onto the power supply bus through the terminal post.

[0133] In some embodiments, in step S101, the carrier communication unit is used to convert the parameter message into a first carrier signal with a preset frequency through the physical layer; the preset frequency is set to 700KHz to 12MHz. In other embodiments, the preset frequency of the first carrier signal can also be set to 800KHz to 10MHz.

[0134] In this embodiment, setting the preset frequency to 700KHz to 12MHz can avoid the interference frequency bands generated by other devices, etc., and has strong anti-interference ability. In other embodiments, its preset frequency can also be set according to the actual situation. Further, if the preset frequency is set to 800KHz to 10MHz, the influence of the external interference frequency band on the carrier communication unit can be further reduced, and the anti-interference ability of the first carrier signal can be improved.

[0135] In the above solution, the battery cell in this embodiment can actively upload when the monitoring parameters meet the preset requirements, thereby reducing the possibility of accidents caused by problems with the battery and improving the monitoring efficiency of the battery cell.

[0136] The above are only embodiments of the present application, and do not limit the patent scope of the present application accordingly. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present application, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, shall be equally included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery cell, characterized in that, Comprising: A battery body, provided with a pole column that penetrates from the inside of the battery body to the outside of the battery body, and the pole column is used to provide a power supply current for an external load; A carrier communication unit and a sensor assembly, the sensor assembly is electrically connected to the carrier communication unit, and the carrier communication unit is electrically connected to the pole column; Wherein, the sensor assembly is used to collect monitoring parameters of the battery cell; the carrier communication unit includes a physical layer and a link layer, the carrier communication unit is used to receive the monitoring parameters, generate a parameter message based on the monitoring parameters through the link layer, and convert the parameter message into a first carrier signal through the physical layer, and load the first carrier signal on the pole column to be transmitted to the power supply bus.

2. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor assembly and the carrier communication unit are arranged inside the battery body, and the carrier communication unit is electrically connected to the pole column inside the battery body.

3. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that In response to the monitoring parameters meeting the preset requirements, the carrier communication unit actively generates the parameter message based on the monitoring parameters through the link layer, converts the parameter message into the first carrier signal through the physical layer, and actively loads the first carrier signal on the pole column to be transmitted to the power supply bus.

4. The battery cell according to claim 3, characterized in that The monitoring parameters include temperature value, air pressure value, gas concentration, magnetic field, voltage, current, stress, impedance, and chemical state of the electrolyte. The carrier communication unit is used to determine whether the monitoring parameters are greater than or equal to a preset parameter threshold. If so, it is determined that the monitoring parameters meet the preset requirements.

5. The battery cell according to claim 4, wherein The sensor assembly may include at least one or any combination of a temperature sensor, an air pressure sensor, a gas sensor, a magnetic field intensity sensor, a voltage sensor, a current sensor, a stress sensor, an impedance sensor, and an electrochemical sensor.

6. The battery cell according to claim 3, characterized in that The carrier communication unit includes a carrier communication module and a processor, and the processor is coupled to the carrier communication module; The carrier communication module is provided with the physical layer and the link layer; The processor is used to control the carrier communication module to generate the parameter message based on the monitoring parameters through the link layer and convert the parameter message into the first carrier signal through the physical layer in response to the monitoring parameters meeting the preset requirements.

7. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that The carrier communication unit is used to generate the parameter message through the link layer according to a preset message format using the destination node address, the local node address, and the monitoring parameters.

8. The battery cell according to claim 7, characterized in that The carrier communication unit is used to add a header and a footer to the monitoring parameters through the link layer according to the preset message format, and add the destination node address and the local node location to the header, thereby generating the parameter message.

9. The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the carrier communication unit is configured to convert the parameter message into the first carrier signal in the form of a bit stream through the physical layer.

10. The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the carrier communication unit is configured to convert the parameter message into the first carrier signal with a preset frequency through the physical layer; the preset frequency is set to 700 KHz to 12 MHz.

11. The battery cell according to claim 10, wherein, The preset frequency is further set to 800 KHz to 10 MHz.

12. The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the battery cell further includes a filtering component, and the filtering component is respectively connected to the carrier communication unit and the terminal post, and is configured to perform filtering processing on the first carrier signal.

13. The battery cell according to claim 12, wherein the terminal post includes a positive terminal post and a negative terminal post, and the carrier communication unit includes a transmission positive electrode, a transmission negative electrode, a power supply positive electrode, and a power supply negative electrode; the power supply positive electrode and the power supply negative electrode are respectively electrically connected to the positive terminal post and the negative terminal post to supply power to the carrier communication unit and the sensor component through the positive terminal post and the negative terminal post; the filtering component includes a first capacitor bank and a second capacitor bank, the first capacitor bank is electrically connected between the transmission positive electrode and the positive terminal post, and the second capacitor bank is electrically connected between the transmission negative electrode and the negative terminal post.

14. The battery cell according to claim 13, wherein the first capacitor bank includes at least one filtering capacitor electrically connected to each other; the second capacitor bank includes at least one filtering capacitor electrically connected to each other.

15. The carrier communication unit The carrier communication unit The carrier communication unit The carrier communication unit The carrier communication unit The carrier communication unit The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the carrier communication unit is further configured to receive the second carrier signal input through the terminal post, convert it into a control signal, and control the sensor component to collect the monitoring parameters in response to the control signal.

16. The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the sensor component and the carrier communication unit are disposed on a circuit board.

17. The battery cell according to claim 16, wherein a plurality of interfaces for electrically connecting to the sensor component are disposed on the circuit board, and the plurality of interfaces include at least one or any combination of UART, IIC, GPIO, and SPI.

18. A battery, characterized in that, including a plurality of battery units, each battery unit includes at least one battery cell according to any one of claims 1-17; wherein, the plurality of battery units are electrically connected; each battery unit serves as a node, and the carrier communication unit in each battery unit is configured with a corresponding node address.

19. An electrical device, characterized in that, including the battery and the carrier communication gateway according to claim 18, the carrier communication gateway is electrically connected to the power supply bus, and the carrier communication gateway converts the first carrier signal to obtain the monitoring parameters.

20. The electrical device according to claim 19, characterized in that, The electrical device includes a battery management module, and the battery management module is communicatively connected to the carrier communication gateway.

21. The electrical device according to claim 20, characterized in that, It further includes: An Internet of Things gateway, and the Internet of Things gateway is communicatively connected to the carrier communication gateway; Wherein, the Internet of Things gateway is communicatively connected to the cloud; and / or, the electrical device includes a battery management module, and the battery management module is communicatively connected to the Internet of Things gateway.

22. The electrical device according to claim 19, characterized in that, The electrical device includes a processing module, and the processing module is communicatively connected to the carrier communication gateway.

23. A method for monitoring the state of a battery, characterized in that, Applied to the electrical device according to any one of claims 19-22, the battery state monitoring method includes: Obtaining monitoring parameters in the battery that meet preset requirements, generating a parameter message based on the monitoring parameters through the link layer, and converting the parameter message into a first carrier signal through the physical layer and loading the first carrier signal onto the power supply bus; Sending the first carrier signal to the carrier communication gateway through the power supply bus, and the carrier communication gateway receiving the first carrier signal and converting it into the monitoring parameters; Sending the monitoring parameters out through the carrier communication gateway.

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