Method for transplanting divaricate saposhnikovia root in deteriorated grassland

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for transplanting and preventing wind in deteriorated grassland. The method comprises the following steps: (1) pretreating wild radix saposhnikoviae seeds, and then putting the seeds into a matrix of soil and sand for pre-germination, so as to obtain radix saposhnikoviae seedlings; 2) transplanting the divaricate saposhnikovia root seedlings into a seedling pot, planting after growth, and then culturing to obtain divaricate saposhnikovia root seedlings; wherein the seedling raising pot is a degradable non-woven fabric filled with a seedling raising substrate; the seedling raising substrate comprises a basic seedling raising substrate and an organic fertilizer, and the basic seedling raising substrate is a mixed substrate of soil and sand; 3, the radix saposhnikoviae seedlings and the seedling pots are transplanted to the deteriorated grassland. According to the method, the survival rate of the radix saposhnikoviae seedlings in the deteriorated grassland genuine field medicinal material protection and recovery process can be increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of medicinal plant protection and relates to a method for transplanting degraded grassland to prevent wind. Background Art

[0002] Authentic Chinese medicinal materials refer specifically to those Chinese medicinal materials with a long history, excellent varieties, abundant production, significant efficacy, and obvious regional characteristics. They are synonymous with high-quality medicinal materials. Generally speaking, the formation of authentic Chinese medicinal materials includes historical factors, geographical factors, growth factors, and human factors. The same Chinese medicinal materials are produced in different regions. Due to the different natural conditions of growth such as water, soil, climate, sunshine, biological distribution and other ecological environments in different places, the various medicinal materials are very different in terms of production, quality or efficacy. Hulunbuir is located in the northern Xinjiang region of my country. It is the border area of ​​China, Russia and Mongolia, with a total area of ​​253,000 square kilometers. The rich geographical features have formed different geographical environments and climatic conditions, and therefore have also bred diverse vegetation. Hulunbuir City, with its unique geographical and climatic conditions, contains a wide variety of medicinal plants and is an important production area of ​​authentic Chinese medicinal materials in northern my country. According to the fourth national survey of traditional Chinese medicine resources, there are 673 species of medicinal plants belonging to 106 families, 371 genera and 163 species distributed in Hulunbuir, including more than 200 commonly used Mongolian traditional Chinese medicine varieties and more than 110 major authentic medicinal materials such as siler, atractylodes, red peony root and white mulberry bark.

[0003] However, due to factors such as excessive reclamation of barren hills and wastelands, overgrazing, over-exploitation, and climate change, the ability of Hulunbuir grassland to provide biological products and services is being threatened, and the reserves of wild authentic medicinal materials have been sharply reduced. This has further led to a reduction in the diversity of grassland ecosystems, posing a great threat to the protection of wild authentic medicinal materials and the healthy development of animal husbandry. Therefore, how to successfully establish authentic medicinal plants under the natural conditions of Hulunbuir grassland, ensure the sustainable development of wild medicinal plant resources in Hulunbuir area, and promote the restoration of degraded grassland ecology is currently a relatively challenging task. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for transplanting windbreaks in degraded grasslands, so as to improve the survival rate of windbreaks seedlings in the process of protecting and restoring authentic medicinal materials in degraded grasslands.

[0005] This method explores a method that focuses on the protection and restoration of authentic medicinal materials in degraded grasslands, with the cultivation and transplantation of windproof as the key, to solve a series of related problems such as seedling cultivation and transplanted seedling survival during the establishment of windproof in degraded grasslands. This technology can not only increase the establishment rate of windproof in degraded grasslands, promote the protection and restoration of authentic medicinal materials in degraded grasslands, but also has important guiding significance for the restoration of rare plant species in grasslands.

[0006] To solve the problem of low seedling survival rate during the protection and restoration of authentic medicinal materials in degraded grasslands, the present invention provides a method for transplanting Saposhnikovia divaricata in degraded grasslands.

[0007] The method for transplanting Saposhnikovia divaricata in degraded grasslands provided by the present invention includes the following steps: 1) Pretreat wild Saposhnikovia divaricata seeds and then place them in a substrate of soil and sand for pre-germination to obtain Saposhnikovia divaricata seedlings. 2) Transplant the Saposhnikovia divaricata seedlings into a seedling-raising pot, grow them and then plant them, and then cultivate them to obtain Saposhnikovia divaricata seedlings. Among them, the seedling-raising pot is a degradable non-woven fabric filled with a seedling-raising substrate. The seedling-raising substrate includes a basic seedling-raising substrate and organic fertilizer, and the basic seedling-raising substrate is a mixed substrate of soil and sand. 3) Transplant the Saposhnikovia divaricata seedlings together with the seedling-raising pot into the degraded grassland.

[0008] In the present invention, Saposhnikovia divaricata ( Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk.), also known as Pangfeng, Pingfeng, etc., is a perennial herb of the Apiaceae family. The whole plant is hairless, the roots are thick, the base of the stem is densely covered with the remains of leaf stalks, showing a brown fibrous shape, with a pungent, sweet taste and a slightly warm nature. The economic vegetation of authentic medicinal materials in grasslands represented by Saposhnikovia divaricata is not only an important resource in pastoral areas but also a valuable medicinal plant, with great medicinal value and economic value. At the same time, these plants play an extremely important role in wind prevention and sand fixation, soil and water conservation, climate regulation, maintaining ecological balance, etc.

[0009] In the above method, in step 1), the process of pretreating the wild Saposhnikovia divaricata seeds is as follows: Place the pest-free Saposhnikovia divaricata seeds in a freezer at -20°C for 1 to 4 weeks of pretreatment. After taking them out, treat them with 30% hydrogen peroxide solution (i.e., 10.2 mol / L) for disinfection treatment (specifically, it can be treated for 10 minutes). After rinsing them clean with distilled water, soak them in distilled water for 20 to 28 hours (specifically, it can be 24 hours), and then rinse them 3 to 5 times with distilled water.

[0010] In the above method, in step 1), the volume ratio of soil to sand in the substrate of soil and sand can be 0.5 to 1.5:1, specifically, it can be 1:1, 0.5 to 1:1 or 1 to 1.5:1.

[0011] In the above method, in step 1), the time for pre-germination can be 20 to 30 days.

[0012] In the above method, in step 2), the volume ratio of the basic seedling-raising substrate can be 1:4 of soil and sand; The volume ratio of the basic seedling-raising substrate to the organic fertilizer can be 4:1.

[0013] In the above method, in step 2), 4 to 6 plants are transplanted into each seedling-growing pot, and after growing for 5 to 7 days, they are planted, leaving one seedling with similar and robust growth conditions.

[0014] In the above method, in step 2), the cultivation management after planting is as follows: An ethanol aqueous solution of gibberellin at a concentration of 0.002 to 0.004 μmol / L is poured once every two days, 15 ml is poured each time, and it is poured a total of 5 times.

[0015] In the present invention, the gibberellin (GA3) used is commercially purchased. The method for preparing the ethanol aqueous solution of 0.002 to 0.004 μmol / L gibberellin, which is a 100-fold dilution of 2 to 4 μmol / L gibberellin (preferably 2 μmol / L), is as follows: Weigh 0.692 g of GA3 and dissolve it in 3 to 4 ml of 95% ethanol, and then make up the volume to 1000 ml with distilled water, and the final concentration is 2 μmol / L GA3.

[0016] In the above method, in step 2), the cultivation time can be 30 to 40 days.

[0017] The method of the present invention explores a method with the protection and restoration of degraded grassland genuine medicinal materials as the core and the seedling raising and transplanting of Saposhnikovia divaricata as the key, and solves a series of related technical problems such as the cultivation of seedlings and the survival of transplanted seedlings in the process of protecting degraded grassland genuine medicinal materials.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention can not only improve the establishment rate of genuine medicinal materials in degraded grasslands and accelerate the restoration process of degraded grasslands, but also has important guiding significance for the restoration of rare plant species in grasslands. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 It shows the effect of the substrate formula on the total biomass of Saposhnikovia divaricata pot seedlings before and after transplantation; Figure 1 In it, (a) represents the total biomass before transplantation, and (b) represents the total biomass after transplantation, where TS is the volume ratio of soil and sand. For example, T10S0 represents the volume ratio of soil to sand is 10:0, and the data is expressed as mean ± standard error; *** in the figure represents p <0.001; ** represents p <0.01; * represents p <0.05; ns represents p >0.05.

[0020] Figure 2 It shows the effect of gibberellin application on the total biomass of Saposhnikovia divaricata pot seedlings before and after transplantation; Figure 2In (a), it represents the total biomass before transplantation, and in (b), it represents the total biomass after transplantation, where G is the application concentration of gibberellin. For example, G2 indicates that the application concentration of gibberellin is 2 μmol / L. The same applies hereinafter. The data are expressed as mean ± standard error. In the figure, *** represents p <0.001; ** represents p <0.01; * represents p <0.05; ns represents p >0.05. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following examples are all conventional methods. Unless otherwise specified, the materials, reagents, etc. used in the following examples can all be obtained from commercial channels. The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0022] In the following examples, the potted soil was collected from the natural grassland of Hulunbuir Grassland (E 120°9′, N 49°26′, altitude 635 m). The soil pH value was 7.41, and the organic matter content was 41.07 g·kg -1 , the total carbon content was 28.21 g·kg -1 , the total nitrogen content was 2.48 g·kg -1 , the available phosphorus content was 26.11 mg·kg -1 , and the available potassium content was 191.55 mg·kg -1 .

[0023] The sand was ordinary river sand with a particle size of 0.25 - 1 mm, and it was used after passing through a 1 mm sieve.

[0024] The organic fertilizer was sourced from the manure factory of the sixth production team of Tenihe Farm in Hulunbuir, and its main components were fermented from cow dung and sheep dung.

[0025] Example 1 I. Variety The variety was the seeds of wild Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk. from Hulunbuir, which were artificially collected by the Grassland Management and Forage Production Laboratory of the College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University. The seeds were selected seeds without pests and diseases. Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.)Schischk.], which was artificially collected by the Grassland Management and Forage Production Laboratory of the College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University. The seeds were selected seeds without pests and diseases.

[0026] II. Seedling raising method 1. Seedling raising time: June 9, 2023.

[0027] 2. Preparation of substrate before seedling raising: Five substrate ratios were designed: T10S0 (soil:sand volume ratio of 10:0), T8S2 (soil:sand volume ratio of 8:2), T5S5 (soil:sand volume ratio of 5:5), T2S8 (soil:sand volume ratio of 2:8), and T0S10 (soil:sand volume ratio of 0:10).

[0028] Then, T10S0, T8S2, T5S5, T2S8, and T0S10 treatments were used as basic seedling-raising substrates, and organic fertilizer was mixed into the basic seedling-raising substrates at a volume ratio of 8:2 to obtain the final seedling-raising substrates.

[0029] Replications were set, and each seedling-raising substrate was replicated 30 times. Among them, 10 plants were used to measure relevant indicators before transplanting, and 20 plants were used for field transplantation.

[0030] 3. Selection of seedling-raising pots: The seedling-raising pots can be degradable non-woven bags with a diameter of 8 cm and a height of 15 cm. Each pot is filled with the seedling-raising substrate prepared in step 2. Among them, about 690 g of substrate soil is filled for the ratio of T10S0, about 730 g of substrate is filled for the ratio of T8S2, about 790 g of substrate is filled for the ratio of T5S5, about 880 g of substrate is filled for the ratio of T2S8, and about 960 g of substrate is filled for the ratio of T0S10.

[0031] 4. Seed germination and transplantation: The Saposhnikovia divaricata seeds without pests and diseases were put into a freezer at -20°C for 7 days for pretreatment to simulate the overwintering conditions of wild Saposhnikovia divaricata seeds. After taking them out, they were treated with 30% (i.e., 10.2 mol / L) hydrogen peroxide solution for 10 min for disinfection, rinsed thoroughly with distilled water, soaked in distilled water for 24 h, then rinsed 3 - 5 times with distilled water, and put into a substrate with a soil:sand volume ratio of 5:5 for pre-germination. Water was sprayed every day to keep the moisture sufficient. After about 20 days of germination, the seedlings with consistent growth were selected for transplantation into the seedling-raising pots prepared in step 3, and 6 seedlings were transplanted into each seedling-raising pot.

[0032] 5. Management after sowing: After 7 days of transplantation, the seedlings were fixed in the pots, and 1 healthy Saposhnikovia divaricata seedling with similar growth status was left in each pot. Water was poured once every 2 days. Observe in time, and if there is a situation of missing seedlings, replenish the seedlings in time.

[0033] 6. Transplanting: After the seedlings grew for 40 days, they were transplanted to the degraded grassland. The plant spacing and row spacing of the transplanted seedlings were both 50 cm. Before transplantation, holes were drilled with a ground drill with a diameter of 12 cm, and the pot seedlings and the degradable non-woven bags were put into the holes together, covered with soil, and watered thoroughly. To conform to the wild growth environment, no more watering was done later.

[0034] III. Effects of seedling raising and transplantation Compare the total biomass of Saposhnikovia divaricata seedlings before and after transplantation under different substrate formulations, and count the survival rate of transplanted seedlings 60 days after transplantation.

[0035] Table 1 Effects of Substrate Formulations on the Survival Rate of Saposhnikovia divaricata Plug Seedlings after Transplantation

[0036] As can be seen from Table 1, the survival rate of Saposhnikovia divaricata seedlings after transplantation was 100% under different substrate formulations.

[0037] Comprehensive analysis Figure 1 It can be seen that when the volume ratio of soil to sand in the substrate formulation is 2:8, the total biomass of Saposhnikovia divaricata plug seedlings before and after transplantation is higher than that of plug seedlings with other substrate ratios. Therefore, considering the effects of each substrate formulation on the total biomass and survival rate of Saposhnikovia divaricata transplanted seedlings before and after transplantation, the optimal substrate formulation is a volume ratio of soil to sand of 2:8.

[0038] Example 2 I. Variety The variety is the seeds of wild Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk. Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk.], which were artificially collected by the Grassland Management and Forage Production Laboratory of the College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University. The seeds are selected seeds without pests and diseases.

[0039] II. Seedling Raising Method 1. Seedling raising time: June 9, 2023.

[0040] 2. Substrate preparation before seedling raising: Mix the soil and sand evenly according to a volume ratio of 5:5 to obtain the basic seedling raising substrate, and then mix the basic seedling raising substrate and organic fertilizer in a volume ratio of 8:2 to obtain the seedling raising substrate.

[0041] 3. Selection of seedling raising pots: The seedling raising pots can be biodegradable non-woven bags with a diameter of 8 cm and a height of 15 cm. Each pot is filled with about 790 g of the seedling raising substrate prepared in step 2.

[0042] 4. Seed germination and transplantation: Put the pest-free Saposhnikovia divaricata seeds into the freezer at -20°C for 7 days to simulate the overwintering conditions of wild Saposhnikovia divaricata seeds. After taking them out, treat them with 30% (i.e., 10.2 mol / L) hydrogen peroxide solution for 10 min for disinfection, rinse them thoroughly with distilled water, soak them in distilled water for 24 h, then rinse them 3 - 5 times with distilled water, and place them in a substrate with a volume ratio of soil to sand of 5:5 for pre-germination. Water them every day to keep the moisture sufficient. After about 20 days of germination, select seedlings with consistent growth and transplant them into the seedling raising pots prepared in step 3. Transplant 6 seedlings into each seedling raising pot.

[0043] 5. Post-sowing management: Transplant the seedlings 7 days after transplantation. Keep 1 robust Saposhnikovia divaricata seedling with similar growth status in each pot and water every 2 days. Observe in a timely manner and replant the seedlings in time if there is a shortage.

[0044] 6. Gibberellin application: Apply gibberellin once every two days after transplantation. A total of 4 gibberellin application concentrations are set, including four gradients of 0 μmol / L, 2 μmol / L, 4 μmol / L, and 6 μmol / L. Dilute 100 times when applying, apply once every two days, apply 15 mL each time, and apply a total of 5 times.

[0045] In the above method, the gibberellin (GA3) used is commercially purchased. The preparation method of 1 μmol / L gibberellin is: weigh 0.346 g of GA3 and dissolve it in 3 ml of 95% ethanol, and then make up the volume to 1000 ml with distilled water, and the final concentration is 1 μmol / L GA3.

[0046] Set replicates, with each gibberellin application concentration replicated 30 times. Among them, 10 plants are used to measure relevant indicators before transplantation, and 20 plants are used for field transplantation.

[0047] 7. Transplanting: Transplant the seedlings after 40 days of growth. The plant spacing and row spacing of the transplanted seedlings are both 50 cm. Use a ground drill with a diameter of 12 cm to make holes before transplantation, put the pot seedlings and the degradable non-woven bags into the holes together, cover the soil and water thoroughly. To conform to the field growth environment, no more watering is done later.

[0048] III. Effects of seedling raising and transplanting Statistically analyze the total biomass of Saposhnikovia divaricata seedlings before and after transplantation under different gibberellin concentrations, and count the survival rate of the plants 60 days after transplantation.

[0049] Table 2 Effects of gibberellin application on the survival rate of Saposhnikovia divaricata pot seedlings after transplantation

[0050] As can be seen from Table 2, the survival rate of Saposhnikovia divaricata seedlings reached 100% under the conditions of applying different concentrations of gibberellin.

[0051] Comprehensive analysis Figure 2 It can be seen that for the total biomass of Saposhnikovia divaricata seedlings before and after transplantation, with the increase of gibberellin concentration, the total biomass showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, indicating the phenomenon of "low promotion and high inhibition" in the application of gibberellin, and when the application concentration of gibberellin ethanol aqueous solution was 2 μmol / L, the total biomass before and after transplantation reached the highest. Therefore, in combination with the effects of gibberellin application concentration on the total biomass and survival rate of Saposhnikovia divaricata transplanted seedlings before and after transplantation, the optimal application concentration of gibberellin ethanol aqueous solution is 0.02 μmol / L.

Claims

1. A method for transplanting windbreak in degraded grassland, comprising the following steps: 1) Pretreat the wild Saposhnikovia divaricata seeds and then place them in a substrate of soil and sand for pre-germination to obtain Saposhnikovia divaricata seedlings; 2) Transplant the Saposhnikovia divaricata seedlings into a seedling-raising pot and bowl, let them grow and then be planted, and then cultivate them to obtain Saposhnikovia divaricata plants; Among them, the seedling-raising pot and bowl is a degradable non-woven fabric filled with a seedling-raising substrate; The seedling-raising substrate includes a basic seedling-raising substrate and organic fertilizer, and the basic seedling-raising substrate is a mixed substrate of soil and sand; 3) Transplant the Saposhnikovia divaricata plants together with the seedling-raising pot and bowl to the degraded grassland.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1), the process of pretreating the wild Saposhnikovia divaricata seeds is as follows: Put the Saposhnikovia divaricata seeds without diseases and pests into a freezer at -20 °C for cryopreservation pretreatment for 1 to 4 weeks. After taking them out, treat them with a 30% hydrogen peroxide solution for disinfection treatment. After rinsing them clean with distilled water, soak them in distilled water for 20 to 28 h, and then rinse them 3 to 5 times with distilled water.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, In step 1), the volume ratio of soil to sand in the substrate of soil and sand is 0.5 to 1.5:

1.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, In step 1), the time for pre-germination is 20 to 30 days.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, In step 2), the basic seedling-raising substrate is soil and sand with a volume ratio of 1:4; The volume ratio of the basic seedling-raising substrate to the organic fertilizer is 4:

1.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, In step 2), transplant 4 to 6 plants into each seedling-raising pot and bowl, let them grow for 5 to 7 days and then be planted, and keep one seedling with similar and strong growth condition.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, In step 2), the cultivation management after planting is as follows: Pour an ethanol aqueous solution of gibberellin at 0.002 to 0.004 μmol / L once every two days, pour 15 ml each time, and pour a total of 5 times.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, In step 2), the cultivation time is 30 to 40 days.

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