Milk and meat dual-purpose cattle feeding method and batching device

Abstract

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the feeding method and the batching device for the dairy and meat dual-purpose cattle, the feeding method can perform automatic and accurate batching through the batching device according to the requirements of the dairy and meat dual-purpose cattle in different growth stages, and the labor intensity of batching is effectively reduced while the batching requirements in different stages are met. The feeding method comprises the following steps of selection of dairy and meat dual-purpose cattle, selection of a feeding mode, feeding time and frequency, feed structure and feeding sequence, feed consumption recording, drinking water management, daily nursing and breeding house environment. The invention further provides a batching device for the dairy and meat dual-purpose cattle concentrated feed. According to the invention, different requirements on nutritional ingredients at different growth stages of the dairy and meat dual-purpose cattle, especially at two stages of the calving (60 days) and the calving (60 days), are fully considered, the batching device provided by the invention is used for automatically and accurately batching, the batching requirements at different stages are met, the labor intensity of batching is effectively reduced, meanwhile, the breeding benefit is improved, and the economic benefit is increased. The method is suitable for popularization and application in the breeding technical field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of breeding technology, and particularly relates to a feeding method and a batching device for milk and meat dual-purpose cows. Background Art

[0002] In China, the number of cattle raised ranks first among large livestock, and the breeding areas cover the whole country. In particular, the development trend of milk and meat dual-purpose cows is becoming increasingly significant. The development advantages of milk and meat dual-purpose cows are mainly reflected in aspects such as economic benefits, market stability, and comprehensive benefits. First of all, the economic benefits are remarkable. Milk and meat dual-purpose cows can produce both milk and meat, which enables them to have dual economic benefits. Secondly, the market stability is strong. Compared with pure dairy cows or pure beef cattle, milk and meat dual-purpose cows can better cope with market fluctuations. When the market price of milk is low, losses can be compensated by selling beef; on the contrary, when the market price of beef drops, milk production can continue to maintain income. In addition, the comprehensive benefits are high. The lactation traits of the female cows of milk and meat dual-purpose cows are excellent, and the meat production performance of the male cows is outstanding, which makes their comprehensive output benefits exceed those of pure dairy cows. However, in the existing feeding methods for milk and meat dual-purpose cows, the selection and proportioning of feed raw materials are not scientific and reasonable enough, resulting in low feed utilization rate, slow growth rate of milk and meat dual-purpose cows, and easy susceptibility to diseases. For example, some feeding methods do not fully consider the different nutritional requirements of milk and meat dual-purpose cows at different growth stages, especially the two stages before calving (60 days) and after calving (60 days), which affects the growth and development of milk and meat dual-purpose cows and the breeding benefits. Moreover, the existing feeding devices often lack accurate batching functions and cannot accurately batch according to the needs of milk and meat dual-purpose cows at different growth stages. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a feeding method and a batching device for milk and meat dual-purpose cows. The feeding method can be targeted at the needs of milk and meat dual-purpose cows at different growth stages, and through the batching device, automatic and accurate batching is carried out, effectively reducing the labor intensity of batching while meeting the batching requirements of different stages.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is as follows: The feeding method for milk and meat dual-purpose cows includes the following steps:

[0005] S1. Selection of milk and meat dual-purpose cows

[0006] Select a number of healthy milk and meat dual-purpose cows with similar weights;

[0007] S2. Selection of feeding methods

[0008] Raise the number of cows in step S1 in a tied and housed manner to ensure that each cow has a fixed activity space;

[0009] S3. Feeding time and frequency

[0010] Feed twice a day, at 8:30 am and 6:00 pm respectively. When feeding each time, follow the principle of small amounts and multiple times, and the feeding time each time shall not be less than 0.5 hours;

[0011] S4. Feed Structure and Feeding Order

[0012] S41. Feed Structure

[0013] The feed structure adopts quantitative feeding of concentrate, silage corn, and green grass;

[0014] Concentrate: According to the growth stage and nutritional requirements of dual-purpose milk and meat cows, accurately prepare the concentrate to ensure balanced nutrition;

[0015] Silage corn: Provide silage corn as one of the main rough feeds for dual-purpose milk and meat cows to ensure energy supply;

[0016] Green grass: Provide a certain amount of green grass to supplement vitamins and dietary fiber;

[0017] S42. Feeding Order

[0018] Adopt the feeding method of first concentrate and then roughage;

[0019] S5. Feed Consumption Record

[0020] Record the feed consumption on a daily basis to facilitate timely adjustment of the feed formula and feeding amount according to the feeding situation of dual-purpose milk and meat cows;

[0021] S6. Drinking Water Management

[0022] Provide water for drinking half an hour after feeding to ensure that dual-purpose milk and meat cows can timely supplement water after feeding and promote digestion and absorption;

[0023] S7. Daily Care

[0024] S71. Cattle Body Cleaning

[0025] Brush the cattle body once a day to keep the dual-purpose milk and meat cows clean, which helps to promote blood circulation and prevent the breeding of parasites;

[0026] S72. Pen Environment

[0027] Keep the pen clean and dry to provide a good living environment for dual-purpose milk and meat cows and reduce the possibility of disease occurrence.

[0028] S73. Observation Record

[0029] Closely observe the diet and disease conditions of the experimental cattle, and timely discover and handle the health problems of dual-purpose milk and meat cows.

[0030] Furthermore, the fine materials in step S41 include corn, wheat bran, soybean meal, rapeseed cake, rice bran, stone powder, calcium hydrogen phosphate, baking soda, table salt, and premix.

[0031] Furthermore, the proportions of the corn, wheat bran, soybean meal, rapeseed cake, rice bran, stone powder, calcium hydrogen phosphate, baking soda, table salt, and premix are 50%, 5%, 15%, 10%, 12.5%, 0.5%, 1%, 1%, 1%, and 4% in sequence.

[0032] Furthermore, it includes a base, and a support seat is arranged above the base through a plurality of support columns;

[0033] A fixing seat is arranged above the support seat through a plurality of upright columns, and a plurality of storage bins with different volumes are arranged on the fixing seat. The number of the plurality of storage bins is the same as the number of types of components in the fine materials;

[0034] A plurality of weighing devices with different specifications are arranged on the support seat. The number of the plurality of weighing devices with different specifications is the same as the number of the plurality of storage bins and they are in one-to-one correspondence;

[0035] An electric discharge valve is arranged at the lower end of each storage bin and is located below the support seat;

[0036] A mixing device is arranged below the support seat, and the mixing device is used to mix the fine material components in the plurality of storage bins evenly;

[0037] The base is further provided with a controller, a timer, and a warning device. A display is arranged between the two support columns at the front side. The timer, the warning device, and the display are respectively in communication connection with the controller.

[0038] Furthermore, the storage bin includes a first cylindrical shell with both upper and lower ends being open. A plurality of round holes are arranged on the fixing seat. The sizes of the plurality of round holes are respectively adapted to the plurality of first cylindrical shells with different diameters, and the middle upper parts of each first cylindrical shell are respectively located in the corresponding round holes;

[0039] A first conical shell is arranged at the lower end of the first cylindrical shell. The outer diameter of the large-diameter end of the first conical shell is equal to the outer diameter of the first cylindrical shell, and the large-diameter end of the first conical shell is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first cylindrical shell;

[0040] A leakage pipe is arranged at the small-diameter end of the first conical shell, and the lower end of the leakage pipe extends below the support seat. The electric discharge valve is arranged in the middle of the corresponding leakage pipe.

[0041] Furthermore, a plurality of the weighing devices all adopt ring-shaped weighing sensors;

[0042] The upper surface of the support base is provided with a plurality of placement grooves, the sizes of the plurality of placement grooves are respectively adapted to the sizes of a plurality of annular weighing sensors of different specifications, and the plurality of annular weighing sensors are respectively embedded in the plurality of placement grooves;

[0043] At the center position of the bottom of each of the plurality of placement grooves, there is a perforation for the corresponding material leakage pipe to pass through. The lower end of each material leakage pipe passes through the corresponding annular weighing sensor and the corresponding perforation, and the lower end of each first conical shell is clamped at the upper end of the central through hole of the corresponding annular weighing sensor.

[0044] Furthermore, the mixing device includes a mixing housing, and the mixing housing includes a second cylindrical housing and a second conical housing;

[0045] The diameter of the large-diameter end of the second conical housing is the same as the outer diameter of the second cylindrical housing, and the large-diameter end of the second conical housing is fixedly connected to the lower end of the second cylindrical housing;

[0046] A fixing ring is provided in the middle and lower part of the outer side wall of the second cylindrical housing, and the fixing ring is respectively arranged on a plurality of support columns through a plurality of connecting rods;

[0047] A driving device is provided on the base and is located directly below the second conical housing. The driving device is signal-connected to the controller, and a rotating shaft is arranged on the output shaft of the driving device and the two are in transmission connection;

[0048] The diameter of the rotating shaft is adapted to the inner diameter of the small-diameter port of the second conical housing. The upper end of the rotating shaft passes through the small-diameter port of the second conical housing and extends to the upper middle part of the inner cavity of the second cylindrical housing, and spiral stirring blades are arranged on the rotating shaft.

[0049] Furthermore, a discharge port is provided in the middle and lower part of the outer side wall of the second conical housing, and a U-shaped material guiding plate is arranged at the discharge port, and the U-shaped material guiding plate is arranged obliquely downward;

[0050] On both inner side walls at one end of the U-shaped material guiding plate close to the discharge port, slots are symmetrically arranged, and insertion plates adapted thereto are arranged in the slots, and the insertion plates are used to block or open the discharge port;

[0051] A plurality of scraping plates are obliquely arranged at the lower end of the rotating shaft, and each scraping plate is parallel to the inner side wall of the second conical housing and has a gap. Furthermore, the controller uses a single-chip microcomputer of model STM32f103c8t6; the warning device uses an audible and visual warning device of model GBS-24V; the timer uses a timer of model MSP430; the display uses an LED display screen.

[0052] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0053] 1. The feeding method is optimized from factors such as the selection of dairy-beef dual-purpose cattle, feeding method selection, feeding time and frequency, feed structure and feeding order, feed consumption record, drinking water management, daily care, and pen environment. It fully considers the different nutritional requirements of dairy-beef dual-purpose cattle at different growth stages, especially in the two stages before calving (60 days) and after calving (60 days). The automated and accurate batching is carried out using the batching device provided by the present invention to meet the batching requirements at different stages, effectively reducing the labor intensity of batching and improving the breeding efficiency at the same time.

[0054] 2. By setting batching parameters for the controller and cooperating with a timer to achieve timed automated batching, multiple weighing devices with different specifications are used to accurately weigh multiple storage bins, ensuring that each component can be accurately added to the mixing device for uniform mixing during each batching. The automated feeding can be achieved by controlling the corresponding electric discharge valve to open. After all components are added, the controller controls the mixing device to work for a certain period of time for mixing, without manual intervention, and the batching information is intuitively displayed on the display for easy viewing.

[0055] 3. By presetting the minimum weight of each storage bin in the controller, when the value weighed by the corresponding weighing device is equal to the preset value, the controller controls the alarm to give a prompt, so as to replenish the storage bin in time to avoid the situation of inaccurate ratio caused by insufficient materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a batching device for concentrate of dairy-beef dual-purpose cattle according to the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the storage bin and the electric discharge valve according to the present invention;

[0058] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the support base, the column, the fixed seat, and the weighing device according to the present invention;

[0059] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the support base according to the present invention;

[0060] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the base, the support column, the mixing device, the controller, the timer, the alarm, and the display according to the present invention;

[0061] Figure 6 is a side view of the combined structure of the mixing device and the U-shaped guide plate according to the present invention;

[0062] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the rotating shaft, the spiral stirring blade, and the scraper according to the present invention;

[0063] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the second conical shell, the plug board, and the U-shaped material guiding plate described in the present invention;

[0064] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the second conical shell, the discharge port, and the U-shaped material guiding plate described in the present invention;

[0065] Explanation of the marks in the figure: base 1, support column 2, support seat 3, upright column 4, fixed seat 5, storage bin 6, first cylindrical shell 601, first conical shell 602, leakage pipe 603, cover body 604, weighing device 7, mixing device 8, mixing shell 801, second cylindrical shell 8011, second conical shell 8012, fixed ring 802, connecting rod 803, driving device 804, rotating shaft 805, spiral stirring blade 806, controller 9, timer 10, warning device 11, placing groove 12, electric discharge valve 13, discharge port 14, U-shaped material guiding plate 15, plug board 16, scraping plate 17, round hole 18, perforation 19, display 20. Detailed implementation manners

[0066] The following further describes the detailed implementation manners of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0067] It should be noted that all the directional indication terms such as "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. in the embodiments of the present application indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention. It is only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement conditions between components in a specific posture. If this specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0068] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation", etc. shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly limited. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0069] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present application, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the meaning of "and / or" appearing in the full text includes three parallel schemes. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes scheme A, or scheme B, or a scheme that satisfies both A and B. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by this application.

[0070] The method for feeding dairy and meat dual-purpose cattle comprises the following steps:

[0071] S1. Selection of dual-purpose dairy and beef cattle

[0072] Selecting a number of healthy dual-purpose dairy and meat cattle with similar weight as test subjects is to eliminate the interference of non-test factors as much as possible and ensure the effectiveness, accuracy and reliability of the test;

[0073] S2. Selection of feeding method

[0074] The plurality of dual-purpose dairy and meat cattle in step S1 are raised in a tethered barn manner to ensure that each cow has a fixed activity space, which helps the breeder to more easily monitor the health status and behavior of each cow, and timely discover and deal with diseases or other problems. Under the tethered barn condition, the feed intake of each cow can be accurately controlled to optimize the nutrient supply and avoid waste, and it also helps to adjust the diet structure according to individual needs and improve feed conversion efficiency;

[0075] S3. Feeding time and frequency

[0076] Feed twice a day, at 8:30 a.m. and 6:00 p.m., and feed in small amounts and multiple times each time. Each feeding time should not be less than 0.5 hours. Feeding in small amounts and multiple times helps the animal's digestive system to better adapt to the food, reduces the burden on the gastrointestinal tract caused by a large amount of food eaten at one time, thereby improving the digestion and absorption rate of food, and can also reduce feed waste. The animal will not swallow part of the feed without being fully chewed due to eating too much at one time, or refuse to eat the remaining food due to being too full.

[0077] S4. Feed structure and feeding sequence

[0078] S41. Feed Structure

[0079] The feed structure adopts quantitative feeding of concentrate, silage corn, and green grass;

[0080] Concentrate: According to the growth stage and nutritional requirements of dual-purpose milk and meat cows, the concentrate is precisely formulated to ensure balanced nutrition;

[0081] Silage corn: Provide silage corn as one of the main roughages for dual-purpose milk and meat cows to ensure energy supply;

[0082] Green grass: Provide a certain amount of green grass to supplement vitamins and dietary fiber;

[0083] S42. Feeding Order

[0084] Adopt the feeding method of feeding concentrate first and then roughage. Dual-purpose milk and meat cows have a stronger appetite for high-nutrition concentrate when hungry, can more effectively ingest and utilize the nutrients in it, thereby improving the feed utilization rate. In addition, feeding concentrate first can stimulate the secretion of digestive juices in animals, creating better conditions for the digestion and absorption of subsequent roughage. The nutrients in the concentrate help activate digestive enzymes and improve the efficiency of the entire digestive process;

[0085] S5. Feed Consumption Record

[0086] Record the feed consumption on a daily basis, which is convenient for timely adjusting the feed formula and feeding amount according to the feeding situation of dual-purpose milk and meat cows. In this way, it can not only improve the feed utilization rate and production efficiency, but also reduce costs, timely detect health problems, improve the feed formula, improve the management level, respond to environmental changes, and support data analysis;

[0087]

[0088] S6. Drinking Water Management

[0089] Provide water for drinking half an hour after feeding to ensure that dual-purpose milk and meat cows can timely replenish water after eating, promoting digestion and absorption;

[0090] S7. Daily Care

[0091] S71. Cattle Body Cleaning

[0092] Brush the cattle body once a day to keep the dual-purpose milk and meat cows clean, which helps promote blood circulation and prevent the breeding of parasites;

[0093] S72. Pen Environment

[0094] Keep the pen clean and dry to provide a good living environment for dual-purpose milk and meat cows and reduce the possibility of disease occurrence.

[0095] S73. Observation Record

[0096] ​Closely observe the diet and disease conditions of the test cattle, and promptly identify and address health problems in dairy and meat cattle.

[0097] In this embodiment, for dual-purpose dairy and beef cattle in the two stages before calving (60 days) and after calving (60 days), the concentrated feed in step S41 is preferably corn, bran, soybean meal, rapeseed cake, rice bran, stone powder, calcium hydrogen phosphate, baking soda, salt, and premix.

[0098] In this embodiment, as a preferred method, the proportions of corn, bran, soybean meal, rapeseed cake, rice bran, stone powder, calcium hydrogen phosphate, baking soda, salt, and premix are 50%, 5%, 15%, 10%, 12.5%, 0.5%, 1%, 1%, 1%, and 4%, respectively.

[0099] like Figures 1-9 As shown, the present invention also provides a batching device for dairy and meat dual-purpose cattle concentrate, comprising a base 1, the shape of the base 1 is generally rectangular, a support seat 3 is arranged above the base 1 through a plurality of support columns 2, the shape of the support seat 3 is generally rectangular, the number of the plurality of support columns 2 is four and they are respectively located at the four corners of the base 1;

[0100] A fixing seat 5 is provided above the support seat 3 through a plurality of columns 4. The shape of the fixing seat 5 is generally rectangular. There are four columns 4, which are respectively located at the four corners of the support seat 3. A plurality of storage bins 6 of different volumes are provided on the fixing seat 5. Since the proportions of various components in the concentrate are different, some are more and some are less, the size of the storage bin 6 is determined according to the proportions of the components. It should be noted that the shape and height of the storage bin 6 are the same, but the inner diameter and volume are different. The number of the plurality of storage bins 6 is the same as the type of components in the concentrate.

[0101] The support seat 3 is provided with a plurality of weighing devices 7 of different specifications, and the number of the plurality of weighing devices 7 of different specifications is the same as the number of the plurality of storage bins 6 and corresponds one to one. Since the volumes of the storage bins 6 are different, the specifications and precisions of the weighing devices 7 required are also different. The weighing devices 7 of appropriate specifications can be selected according to the volumes of the different storage bins 6. The weight weighed by the weighing devices 7 is the sum of the weights of the corresponding storage bins 6 and the material components stored therein;

[0102] The lower end of each storage bin 6 is provided with an electric discharge valve 13 and is located below the support seat 3. The discharge of the storage bin 6 is achieved by opening the electric discharge valve 13. The corresponding weighing device 7 can accurately control the weight of the discharge, that is, the difference between the weight before discharge and the weight after discharge is the weight of the discharge of the corresponding storage bin 6.

[0103] A mixing device 8 is arranged below the support base 3, and the mixing device 8 is used for uniformly mixing the fine material components of a plurality of storage bins 6;

[0104] The base 1 is further provided with a controller 9, a timer 10, and a warning device 11. A display 20 is arranged between the two support columns 2 on the front side. The timer 10, the warning device 11, the display 20, and a plurality of electric discharge valves 13 are respectively in communication connection with the controller 9. By setting the preset values of the feeding of each component for the controller 9, the controller 9 controls the opening of the plurality of electric discharge valves 13. The weights of the respective storage bins 6 are weighed in real time by a plurality of weighers 7. When the reduced weight is equal to the corresponding preset value, the controller 9 controls to close the electric discharge valve 13 corresponding to the storage bin 6. The same applies to the other storage bins 6 until all the storage bins 6 have completed feeding. Then the controller 9 controls to start the mixing device 8 for mixing operation. The mixing duration is set by the timer 10 to make it fully mixed. The whole process does not require manual intervention, effectively reducing the labor cost input for batching.

[0105] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 shown, in this embodiment, preferably, each storage bin 6 includes a first cylindrical shell 601 with both upper and lower ends open. There will be a plurality of first cylindrical shells 601 with different diameters for the plurality of storage bins 6. A plurality of round holes 18 are arranged on the fixed seat 5, and the sizes of the plurality of round holes 18 are respectively adapted to the plurality of first cylindrical shells 601 with different diameters. The middle upper parts of each first cylindrical shell 601 are respectively located in the corresponding round holes 18. It should be noted that the round holes 18 only play a role in restricting the random movement of the first cylindrical shell 601 in the circumferential direction. The two are in sliding contact and are not fixed together, and will not limit or affect the weight of the storage bin 6;

[0106] A first conical shell 602 is arranged at the lower end of the first cylindrical shell 601. The outer diameter of the large-diameter end of the first conical shell 602 is equal to the outer diameter of the first cylindrical shell 601, that is, the first conical shell 602 arranged at the lower end of each first cylindrical shell 601 is adapted thereto. The sizes of the plurality of first conical shells 602 are not the same. The large-diameter end of the first conical shell 602 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first cylindrical shell 601 and is in communication with each other;

[0107] A leakage pipe 603 is provided at the small-diameter end of the first conical shell 602, and the lower end of the leakage pipe 603 extends below the support base 3. It should be noted that the diameters of the small-diameter ends of the multiple first conical shells 602 are not the same, and the diameters of the multiple leakage pipes 603 are also not the same. The diameter of the leakage pipe 603 corresponding to the component with a relatively large proportion is relatively larger, and the diameter of the leakage pipe 603 corresponding to the component with a relatively small proportion is relatively smaller. The electric discharge valve 13 is arranged in the middle of the corresponding leakage pipe 603, and the sizes of the multiple electric discharge valves 13 are also not the same, which are selected according to the size of the leakage pipe 603. In addition, a cover body 604 is arranged at the open upper end of each first cylindrical shell 601, and the upper end of the corresponding first cylindrical shell 601 is sealed by the arranged cover body 604 to prevent foreign impurities from entering the first cylindrical shell 601 and contaminating the materials.

[0108] As Figure 3 , Figure 4 shown, in this embodiment, preferably, multiple said weighers 7 all adopt annular load cells;

[0109] A plurality of placing grooves 12 are arranged on the upper surface of the support base 3, and the sizes of the multiple placing grooves 12 respectively match the sizes of the multiple annular load cells with different specifications. The multiple annular load cells are respectively embedded in the multiple placing grooves 12;

[0110] Perforations 19 for the corresponding leakage pipes 603 to pass through are arranged at the central positions of the bottoms of the multiple placing grooves 12. It should be noted that the diameters of the multiple perforations 19 are different. The diameter of the leakage pipe 603 corresponding to the component with a relatively large proportion is relatively larger, and the diameter of the leakage pipe 603 corresponding to the component with a relatively small proportion is relatively smaller. The lower end of each leakage pipe 603 passes through the corresponding annular load cell and the corresponding perforation 19, and the lower end of each first conical shell 602 is clamped at the upper end of the central through hole of the corresponding annular load cell, that is, the weight of the entire storage bin 6 is all pressed on the annular load cell.

[0111] As Figures 5-9 shown, in this embodiment, preferably, the mixing device 8 includes a mixing housing 801, and the mixing housing 801 includes a second cylindrical housing 8011 and a second conical housing 8012;

[0112] The diameter of the large-diameter end of the second conical housing 8012 is the same as the outer diameter of the second cylindrical housing 8011. The large-diameter end of the second conical housing 8012 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the second cylindrical housing 8011. The lower ends of the multiple leakage pipes 603 are all located in the area of the open upper end of the second cylindrical housing 8011 to ensure that all the materials leaked from the multiple leakage pipes 603 enter the second cylindrical housing 8011;

[0113] A fixing ring 802 is provided at the middle and lower part of the outer side wall of the second cylindrical shell 8011. The fixing ring 802 is fixedly connected to the second cylindrical shell 8011. The fixing ring 802 is respectively arranged on a plurality of support columns 2, generally four, through a plurality of connecting rods 803;

[0114] A driving device 804 is provided on the base 1 and is located directly below the second conical shell 8012. The driving device 804 is preferably a forward and reverse motor. The driving device 804 is signal-connected to the controller 9. A rotating shaft 805 is arranged on the output shaft of the driving device 804 and the two are in transmission connection;

[0115] The diameter of the rotating shaft 805 is adapted to the inner diameter of the small-diameter port of the second conical shell 8012. The upper end of the rotating shaft 805 passes through the small-diameter port of the second conical shell 8012 and extends to the middle and upper part of the inner cavity of the second cylindrical shell 8011. The rotating shaft 805 is rotationally and sealingly connected to the small-diameter port of the second conical shell 8012. A spiral stirring blade 806 is arranged on the rotating shaft 805. By driving the rotating shaft 805 to rotate through the driving device 804, the spiral stirring blade 806 is driven to rotate, so as to fully stir and mix each component of the refined materials in the mixing shell 801.

[0116] As Figures 7-9 shown, in this embodiment, in order to facilitate the discharge of the mixed refined materials, a discharge port 14 is provided at the middle and lower part of the outer side wall of the second conical shell 8012. A U-shaped material guiding plate 15 is arranged at the discharge port 14. The U-shaped material guiding plate 15 is arranged obliquely downward;

[0117] Slots are symmetrically arranged on the inner side walls of both ends of the U-shaped material guiding plate 15 near the discharge port 14. Plug plates 16 adapted thereto are arranged in the slots. The plug plates 16 are used to block or open the discharge port 14. By inserting and pulling out the plug plates 16, the discharge port 14 can be blocked or opened;

[0118] A plurality of scraping plates 17 are obliquely arranged at the lower end of the rotating shaft 805. The number of the plurality of scraping plates 17 is three. Each scraping plate 17 is parallel to the inner side wall of the second conical shell 8012 and has a gap. After the refined materials are mixed well, the plug plates 16 are pulled out obliquely upward. Through the rotation of the spiral stirring blade 806 and the plurality of scraping plates 17, the plurality of scraping plates 17 can scrape the mixed materials to the discharge port 14, so that the refined materials in the mixing shell 801 can be discharged through the discharge port 14 and slide along the U-shaped material guiding plate 15. Only a receiving container needs to be placed at the lower end of the U-shaped material guiding plate 15 for collection; in addition, during the mixing and stirring stage, the plurality of scraping plates 17 can also stir and turn over the materials at the bottom of the second conical shell 8012, and the forward and reverse rotation of the spiral stirring blade 806 can further make the materials mixed more evenly.

[0119] In this embodiment, preferably, the controller 9 uses a single-chip microcomputer of model STM32f103c8t6; the warning device 11 uses an audible and visual warning device 11 of model GBS-24V; the timer 10 uses a timer 10 of model MSP430; the display 20 uses an LED display screen.

[0120] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application, and do not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present application, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, shall be equally included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A feeding method for dual-purpose milk and meat cows, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Selection of dual-purpose milk and meat cows Select a certain number of healthy dual-purpose milk and meat cows with similar weights; S2. Selection of feeding method Feed the certain number of dual-purpose milk and meat cows in step S1 by the method of tied housing, ensuring that each cow has a fixed activity space; S3. Feeding time and frequency Feed twice a day, at 8:30 am and 6:00 pm respectively. Each time of feeding, follow the principle of small amount and multiple times, and the feeding time each time is not less than 0.5 hours; S4. Feed structure and feeding order S41. Feed structure The feed structure adopts quantitative feeding of concentrate, silage corn and green grass; Concentrate: According to the growth stage and nutritional requirements of dual-purpose milk and meat cows, accurately prepare the concentrate to ensure balanced nutrition; Silage corn: Provide silage corn as one of the main roughages for dual-purpose milk and meat cows to ensure energy supply; Green grass: Provide a certain amount of green grass to supplement vitamins and dietary fiber; S42. Feeding order Adopt the feeding method of first concentrate and then roughage; S5. Record of feed consumption Record the feed consumption on a daily basis to facilitate timely adjustment of the feed formula and feeding amount according to the feeding situation of dual-purpose milk and meat cows; S6. Drinking water management Drink water half an hour after feeding to ensure that dual-purpose milk and meat cows can timely supplement water after eating, promoting digestion and absorption; S7. Daily care S71. Cleaning of cow body Brush the cow body once a day to keep the body of dual-purpose milk and meat cows clean, which helps to promote blood circulation and prevent the breeding of parasites; S72. Environment of cowshed Keep the cowshed clean and dry, providing a good living environment for dual-purpose milk and meat cows and reducing the possibility of disease occurrence. S73. Observation and record Closely observe the diet and disease conditions of the test cows, and timely discover and handle the health problems of dual-purpose milk and meat cows.

2. The feeding method for dual-purpose milk and meat cattle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentrate in step S41 includes corn, wheat bran, soybean meal, rapeseed cake, rice bran, stone powder, calcium hydrogen phosphate, baking soda, table salt, premix.

3. The feeding method for dual-purpose milk and meat cattle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The proportion of the above-mentioned corn, wheat bran, soybean meal, rapeseed cake, rice bran, stone powder, calcium hydrogen phosphate, baking soda, table salt, premix is 50%, 5%, 15%, 10%, 12.5%, 0.5%, 1%, 1%, 1%, 4% in sequence. It includes a base (1), and above the base (1) 4. An ingredient device for concentrate feed of dual-purpose milk and meat cattle, characterized in that, there is a support seat (3) arranged through a plurality of support columns; Above the support seat (3), a fixed seat (5) is arranged through a plurality of columns (4). A plurality of storage bins (6) with different volumes are arranged on the fixed seat (5), and the number of the plurality of storage bins (6) is the same as the number of types of components in the concentrate; A plurality of weighing devices (7) with different specifications are arranged on the support seat (3), and the number of the plurality of weighing devices (7) with different specifications is the same as the number of the plurality of storage bins (6) and they are in one-to-one correspondence; An electric discharge valve (13) is arranged at the lower end of each storage bin (6) and is located below the support seat (3); A mixing device (8) is arranged below the support seat (3), and the mixing device (8) is used to mix the concentrate components in the plurality of storage bins (6) evenly; ​ ​ The base (1) is further provided with a controller (9), a timer (10), and a warning device (11). A display (20) is arranged between the two support columns (2) located on the front side. The timer (10), the warning device (11), the display (20), and the electric discharge valve (13) are respectively communicatively connected to the controller (9).

5. The batching device for the concentrate of dairy and beef dual-purpose cattle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The storage bin (6) includes a first cylindrical shell (601) with both upper and lower ends open. A plurality of round holes (18) are provided on the fixed seat (5), and the sizes of the plurality of round holes (18) are respectively adapted to the plurality of first cylindrical shells (601) with different diameters. The middle upper parts of each of the first cylindrical shells (601) are respectively located in the corresponding round holes (18); A first conical shell (602) is arranged at the lower end of the first cylindrical shell (601). The outer diameter of the large-diameter end of the first conical shell (602) is equal to the outer diameter of the first cylindrical shell (601), and the large-diameter end of the first conical shell (602) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first cylindrical shell (601); A leakage pipe (603) is arranged at the small-diameter end of the first conical shell (602), and the lower end of the leakage pipe (603) extends below the support seat (3). The electric discharge valve (13) is arranged in the middle of the corresponding leakage pipe (603).

6. The batching device for the concentrate of dairy and beef dual-purpose cattle according to claim 5, wherein A plurality of the weighing devices (7) all adopt annular weighing sensors; A plurality of placing grooves (12) are arranged on the upper surface of the support seat (3), and the sizes of the plurality of placing grooves (12) are respectively adapted to the sizes of the plurality of annular weighing sensors with different specifications. The plurality of annular weighing sensors are respectively embedded in the plurality of placing grooves (12); Perforations (19) for the corresponding leakage pipes (603) to pass through are arranged at the center positions of the bottoms of the plurality of placing grooves (12). The lower end of each leakage pipe (603) passes through the corresponding annular weighing sensor and the corresponding perforation (19), and the lower end of each first conical shell (602) is clamped at the upper end of the central through hole of the corresponding annular weighing sensor.

7. An ingredient device for concentrate feed for dual-purpose milk and meat cattle according to claim 6, characterized in that, The mixing device (8) includes a mixing shell (801), and the mixing shell (801) includes a second cylindrical shell (8011) and a second conical shell (8012); The diameter of the large-diameter end of the second conical shell (8012) is the same as the outer diameter of the second cylindrical shell (8011), and the large-diameter end of the second conical shell (8012) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the second cylindrical shell (8011); A fixing ring (802) is arranged at the middle and lower part of the outer side wall of the second cylindrical shell (8011), and the fixing ring (802) is respectively arranged on the plurality of support columns (2) through a plurality of connecting rods (803); A driving device (804) is arranged on the base (1) and is located directly below the second conical shell (8012). The driving device (804) is signal-connected to the controller (9). A rotating shaft (805) is arranged on the output shaft of the driving device (804), and the two are in transmission connection; The diameter of the rotating shaft (805) is adapted to the inner diameter of the small-diameter port of the second conical housing (8012). The upper end of the rotating shaft (805) passes through the small-diameter port of the second conical housing (8012) and extends to the upper middle part of the inner cavity of the second cylindrical housing (8011). A spiral stirring blade (806) is arranged on the rotating shaft (805).

8. An ingredient device for concentrate feed of dairy and beef dual-purpose cattle according to claim 7, characterized in that, A discharge port (14) is arranged in the middle and lower part of the outer side wall of the second conical housing (8012). A U-shaped material guiding plate (15) is arranged at the discharge port (14), and the U-shaped material guiding plate is arranged obliquely downward; On both inner side walls at one end of the U-shaped material guiding plate (15) close to the discharge port (14), slots are symmetrically arranged. Plug plates (16) adapted thereto are arranged in the slots, and the plug plates (16) are used to block or open the discharge port (14); A plurality of scraping plates (17) are obliquely arranged at the lower end of the rotating shaft (805), and each scraping plate (17) is parallel to the inner side wall of the second conical housing (8012) and has a gap therebetween.

9. The batching device for concentrate feed of dairy and beef dual-purpose cattle according to claim 8, characterized in that, The controller (9) uses a single-chip microcomputer of model STM32f103c8t6; the warning device (11) uses an audible and visual warning device (11) of model GBS-24V; the timer (10) uses a timer (10) of model MSP430; the display (20) uses an LED display screen.

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