Pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating sclerotinia rot of colza

Abstract

The invention discloses a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating sclerotinia rot of colza, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural disease prevention and treatment. The pharmaceutical composition is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 30 to 40 parts of tea tree oil, 30 to 40 parts of allicin, 20 to 30 parts of salicylic acid, 20 to 30 parts of jasmonic acid and 10 to 15 parts of mannitol. The tea tree oil and the allicin are used as biological source antibacterial agents and are combined for synergistic interaction, and the inhibition effect on sclerotinia sclerotiorum is improved. Salicylic acid and jasmonic acid are used as biochemical regulators and can enhance the immunocompetence of rape plants. Mannitol is used as an osmotic pressure regulator, so that transport of effective components in cells and transport in plants are promoted. According to the pharmaceutical composition provided by the invention, multiple components have a synergistic effect, so that the prevention and treatment effect on sclerotinia rot of colza is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural disease control, and particularly to a pharmaceutical composition for controlling Sclerotinia sclerotiorum of rapeseed. Background Art

[0002] As an important oil crop, rapeseed occupies an important position in agricultural production. However, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum has always been one of the main diseases plaguing rapeseed cultivation. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a serious disease caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, which can occur at all stages of rapeseed growth, especially during the flowering and podding stages, with more severe incidence. This disease not only causes the yellowing and withering of rapeseed leaves and the rotting of stems, but also leads to poor development of rapeseed pods, seriously affecting the yield and quality of rapeseed.

[0003] Currently, chemical pesticides are mainly used to control Sclerotinia sclerotiorum of rapeseed. Although chemical pesticides can control the occurrence of diseases to a certain extent, long-term use will bring many problems. On the one hand, chemical pesticides are likely to cause the pathogens to develop drug resistance, resulting in a gradual reduction in the control effect. As the use time prolongs, it is necessary to continuously increase the dosage of pesticides, which not only increases the production cost, but also may cause greater pollution to the environment. On the other hand, the residues of chemical pesticides may pose potential hazards to human health and also affect the quality and safety of rapeseed products. In addition, the control effect of a single chemical pesticide is often limited, and it is difficult to achieve a comprehensive and lasting control effect. Moreover, the use of chemical pesticides may also harm the beneficial organisms in the rapeseed field and disrupt the ecological balance. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a pharmaceutical composition for controlling Sclerotinia sclerotiorum of rapeseed with high efficiency, low toxicity and environmental protection to meet the actual needs of rapeseed production and ensure the sustainable development of the rapeseed industry. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pharmaceutical composition for controlling Sclerotinia sclerotiorum of rapeseed to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. The multi-components in the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention act synergistically, improving the control effect on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum of rapeseed and avoiding the burden on the environment caused by the use of chemical composition drugs.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following scheme:

[0006] The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for controlling Sclerotinia sclerotiorum of rapeseed, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 - 40 parts of tea tree oil, 30 - 40 parts of allicin, 20 - 30 parts of salicylic acid, 20 - 30 parts of jasmonic acid, and 10 - 15 parts of mannitol.

[0007] Further, it comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of tea tree oil, 35 parts of allicin, 25 parts of salicylic acid, 25 parts of jasmonic acid, and 15 parts of mannitol.

[0008] The present invention also provides an agent for preventing and treating Sclerotinia sclerotiorum of rape, comprising the said pharmaceutical composition and an adjuvant.

[0009] Furthermore, the dosage forms of the said agent include suspension concentrate, wettable powder, dispersible granule and emulsifiable concentrate.

[0010] Furthermore, when the dosage form is suspension concentrate, the adjuvant includes a diluent.

[0011] Furthermore, the said diluent includes water.

[0012] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the said pharmaceutical composition to the said diluent is (1 - 3):(3 - 7).

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for preventing and treating Sclerotinia sclerotiorum of rape, comprising spraying the said agent on rape to reduce the damage of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum to rape.

[0014] Furthermore, the spraying period of the said agent includes the full - flowering stage of rape.

[0015] Furthermore, the concentration of the said agent is 500 mg / L.

[0016] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0017] The present invention uses tea tree oil and allicin as biogenic antibacterial agents, and the combination of the two has a synergistic effect, improving the inhibitory effect on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum; salicylic acid and jasmonic acid are used as biochemical regulators, which can enhance the immune ability of rape plants and reduce the damage of pathogenic bacteria to plants; mannitol is used as an osmotic pressure regulator. On the one hand, it helps to maintain an appropriate osmotic pressure gradient inside and outside the cells, making plant cells more likely to absorb the active ingredients in the external solution, promoting the transport of active ingredients inside the cells and in the plant body; on the other hand, it can be metabolized and utilized by plant cells, providing an energy source for energy - consuming processes such as active transport of cells.

[0018] The multi - component synergistic effect of the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention improves the control effect on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum of rape, avoids the burden on the environment caused by the use of chemical drugs, and at the same time can effectively promote the healthy growth of rape crops, improving the yield and quality of crops. Detailed embodiments

[0019] The various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, characteristics and implementation schemes of the present invention.

[0020] It should be understood that the terms used in the present invention are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. Additionally, for the numerical ranges in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Any intermediate value within any stated value or stated range, as well as each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range, is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0021] Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains. Although the present invention only describes preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials related to the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0022] Without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention, various improvements and changes can be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention specification, which are obvious to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments obtained from the present invention specification are obvious to those skilled in the art. The present invention specification and examples are only exemplary.

[0023] Regarding the use of "comprising", "including", "having", "containing", etc. in this article, they are all open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0024] The molecular formula of the tea tree oil in the embodiments of the present invention is C 28 H 60 O4P2S4Zn, and the CAS number is 68647-73-4; the molecular formula of allicin is C6H 10 OS2, and the CAS number is 539-86-6. Both tea tree oil and allicin are known products, and the public can obtain them through conventional channels, or can also obtain tea tree oil by extracting from the branches and leaves of Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) according to the prior art, and obtain allicin by extracting volatile oil from the bulbs of the perennial herb (garlic) of the Liliaceae family.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] A pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating Sclerotinia sclerotiorum of rapeseed, by weight, comprises 30 parts of tea tree oil, 40 parts of allicin, 20 parts of salicylic acid, 30 parts of jasmonic acid and 10 parts of mannitol. Mix the raw materials according to the above weight parts, and dilute with water according to a mass ratio of 1:4 to prepare a suspension agent.

[0027] Example 2

[0028] A pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating Sclerotinia sclerotiorum of rape, by weight, comprises 40 parts of tea tree oil, 30 parts of allicin, 30 parts of salicylic acid, 20 parts of jasmonic acid and 12 parts of mannitol. Mix the raw materials according to the above weight parts and dilute with water according to a mass ratio of 3:7 to prepare a suspension.

[0029] Example 3

[0030] A pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating Sclerotinia sclerotiorum of rape, by weight, comprises 35 parts of tea tree oil, 35 parts of allicin, 25 parts of salicylic acid, 25 parts of jasmonic acid and 15 parts of mannitol. Mix the raw materials according to the above weight parts and dilute with water according to a mass ratio of 2:3 to prepare a suspension.

[0031] Comparative Example 1

[0032] Compared with Example 3, the difference is only that the pharmaceutical composition, by weight, comprises 70 parts of tea tree oil, 25 parts of salicylic acid, 25 parts of jasmonic acid and 15 parts of mannitol.

[0033] Comparative Example 2

[0034] Compared with Example 3, the difference is only that the pharmaceutical composition, by weight, comprises 70 parts of allicin, 25 parts of salicylic acid, 25 parts of jasmonic acid and 15 parts of mannitol.

[0035] Comparative Example 3

[0036] Compared with Example 3, the difference is only that the pharmaceutical composition, by weight, comprises 35 parts of tea tree oil, 35 parts of allicin, 50 parts of salicylic acid and 15 parts of mannitol.

[0037] Comparative Example 4

[0038] Compared with Example 3, the difference is only that the pharmaceutical composition does not contain salicylic acid and jasmonic acid.

[0039] Comparative Example 5

[0040] Compared with Example 3, the difference is only that the pharmaceutical composition does not contain mannitol.

[0041] Comparative Example 6

[0042] Compared with Example 3, the difference is only that the pharmaceutical composition, by weight, comprises 25 parts of tea tree oil, 45 parts of allicin, 15 parts of salicylic acid, 35 parts of jasmonic acid and 15 parts of mannitol.

[0043] Test Example 1 Control effect of the pharmaceutical composition on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum of potted rape

[0044] 1. Experimental method

[0045] Use a punch with a diameter of 5 mm to punch out Sclerotinia sclerotiorum hyphal blocks 3-5 mm inward from the colony edge, and inoculate the hyphal surface downward onto the leaves of potted rape. A total of 10 treatment groups were made, numbered 1-10: 1. First, spray the rape leaves with distilled water, inoculate two hyphal blocks of Sclerotinia on each rape leaf, and repeat 2-3 leaves per rape plant (control group); 2-10. First, spray the rape leaves with a suspension of the drug composition at a concentration of 500 mg / L (corresponding to Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-6 respectively), and then inoculate the hyphal blocks of Sclerotinia. The inoculation method is the same as in 1. The treatment methods of rape in each group are shown in Table 1. After the treatment is completed, place them in a greenhouse at 23°C for cultivation. Observe the disease occurrence after 2 days, and the lesion area is expressed as the average value.

[0046] 2. Experimental results

[0047] After culturing rape in each group for 2 days under the same environment, the disease occurrence of the leaves is shown in Table 1.

[0048] Table 1 Disease occurrence of rape leaves in each group

[0049]

[0050] From the data in Table 1, it can be seen that for the control group treated with distilled water, the average size of the lesions on the rape leaves was 154 mm 2 , after applying the suspension of the drug composition prepared in Examples 1-3, the lesion area was significantly reduced, significantly inhibiting the infection of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on rape leaves, and the effect was better than that of the suspension of the drug composition in Comparative Examples 1-6.

[0051] Test Example 2 Field control effect of the drug composition on rape Sclerotinia rot

[0052] 1. Experimental method

[0053] The test site is located in Wuyang Town, Nanchang County, Jiangxi Province. The test plot is flat and has been practicing rice-rape rotation all year round, with normal water and fertilizer management. The rape variety cultivated is Zhongshuang 11 of the Brassica napus type. Each plot is 15 m 2 (10.0 m×1.5 m), and a total of 5 rows are sown (row spacing 0.3 m). During the full-bloom stage, use a manual sprayer to spray the leaves with the medicaments of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-6. Each treatment is repeated 4 times, and the plots are randomly arranged. The medicament concentration is 500 mg / L, and the spraying volume is 5 L. Spraying clear water is used as the blank control.

[0054] Investigate the control effect at the end of the full-bloom stage and the pod stage respectively. Select 3 points in each plot, and investigate 30 plants at each point. Investigate the number of diseased plants at the end of the full-bloom stage, and investigate the number of diseased plants and the disease severity at the pod stage. The grading standard is shown in Table 2. Calculate the diseased plant rate, disease index and control effect.

[0055] Diseased plant rate = number of diseased plants / total number of investigated plants × 100%,

[0056] Disease index = ∑(representative value of each disease grade × number of plants at each damage level) / (representative value of the highest grade × total number of surveyed plants) × 100%,

[0057] Control effect = (disease index of the control area - disease index of the treatment area) / disease index of the control area × 100%.

[0058] Table 2 Investigation and grading standards for Sclerotinia sclerotiorum of rapeseed at maturity

[0059] Grading Main stem Branch Number of damaged siliques Grade 1 With small lesions Lesions occur on less than 1 / 3 of the branches (including the fruit axis) Less than 1 / 4 Grade 2 With large lesions in the upper and middle parts Lesions occur on 1 / 3 - 2 / 3 of the branches (including the fruit axis) 1 / 4 - less than 2 / 4 Grade 3 With large lesions in the middle and lower parts Lesions occur on more than 2 / 3 of the branches (including the fruit axis) 2 / 4 - less than 3 / 4 Grade 4 With multiple large lesions, or with a large circumferential lesion at the lower part of the main stem Almost all branches (including the fruit axis) are affected More than 3 / 4

[0060] 2. Experimental results

[0061] The field control effects of different treatments on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum of rapeseed are shown in Table 3.

[0062] Table 3 Field control effects of different treatments on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum of rapeseed

[0063]

[0064] It can be seen from the data in Table 3 that the field control effects of each pharmaceutical composition on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum of rapeseed are similar to the experimental effects of indoor placement. The medicaments of Examples 1 to 3 can significantly reduce the diseased plant rate and disease index during the full-bloom stage and pod stage of rapeseed, and the control effect can reach more than 90%, and the effect is significantly better than the medicaments of Comparative Examples 1 to 6.

[0065] The above test examples show that the multi-components in the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention act synergistically, improve the control effect on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum of rapeseed, are beneficial to promoting the healthy growth of rapeseed crops, and promoting the improvement of the yield and quality of rapeseed.

[0066] The above-described embodiments are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating Sclerotinia sclerotiorum of rape, characterized in that, By weight, it comprises the following components: 30-40 parts of tea tree oil, 30-40 parts of allicin, 20-30 parts of salicylic acid, 20-30 parts of jasmonic acid, and 10-15 parts of mannitol.

2. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein By weight, it comprises the following components: 35 parts of tea tree oil, 35 parts of allicin, 25 parts of salicylic acid, 25 parts of jasmonic acid, and 15 parts of mannitol.

3. An agent for preventing and controlling Sclerotinia sclerotiorum of rape, characterized in that, It comprises the pharmaceutical composition as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and an adjuvant.

4. The medicament according to claim 3, wherein The dosage form of the medicament includes a suspension concentrate, a wettable powder, a dispersible granule, and an emulsifiable concentrate.

5. The medicament according to claim 4, wherein When the dosage form is a suspension concentrate, the adjuvant includes a diluent.

6. The medicament according to claim 5, characterized in that, The diluent includes water.

7. The medicament according to claim 5, wherein, The mass ratio of the pharmaceutical composition to the diluent is (1-3):(3-7).

8. A method for preventing and controlling Sclerotinia sclerotiorum of rapeseed, characterized in that, It includes spraying the medicament as claimed in any one of claims 3-7 on rapeseed to reduce the damage of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum to rapeseed.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein The spraying period of the medicament includes the full-bloom stage of rapeseed.

10. The method according to claim 8, wherein The concentration of the medicament is 500 mg / L.

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