Application of brevibacillus laterosporus in Qingyuan partridge chicken breeding

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of poultry breeding, and discloses application of brevibacillus laterosporus in Qingyuan partridge chicken breeding, the application is achieved by feeding a feed containing brevibacillus laterosporus BL01 powder and bacillus subtilis coagulin protein, and the feed comprises the following components in parts by mass: 2-4 parts of brevibacillus laterosporus BL01 powder; 0.5 to 1 part of bacillus subtilis coagulin protein; 60 to 70 parts of corn; 20 to 25 parts of soybean meal; 2-4 parts of fish meal; 3-5 parts of vegetable oil; 1.5 to 2.5 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate; 1-2 parts of stone powder; and 0.1 to 0.2 part of DL-methionine. The brevibacillus laterosporus and the bacillus subtilis coagulin protein are added into the feed, and the brevibacillus laterosporus and the bacillus subtilis coagulin protein can promote the proliferation speed, the metabolic activity and the secretion of antibacterial substances of the brevibacillus laterosporus and the bacillus subtilis coagulin protein, so that the aims of regulating the intestinal flora structure, reducing the oxidative stress and improving the health condition of poultry are fulfilled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of poultry farming, and specifically to the application of Brevibacillus laterosporus in the farming of Qingyuan partridge chickens. Background Art

[0002] The Qingyuan partridge chicken is a well-known high-quality native chicken breed in southern China, and is widely popular for its excellent meat quality, rich nutritional value and strong adaptability. Compared with ordinary poultry, the meat of the Qingyuan partridge chicken is more firm and has a unique flavor, making it suitable for cooking high-end dishes. In addition, the growth cycle of the Qingyuan partridge chicken is relatively long and it has high requirements for the breeding environment, but its economic value is significantly higher than that of ordinary broilers, so it occupies an important position in the high-end poultry market. However, due to its relatively weak disease resistance and high breeding density, the Qingyuan partridge chicken is prone to problems such as bacterial infection and low growth performance during the breeding process.

[0003] In traditional breeding methods, in order to control the reproduction of pathogenic bacteria and reduce the risk of diseases, antibiotics are usually added to feed or drinking water. However, the long-term use of antibiotics is likely to lead to the generation of drug-resistant strains and drug residue problems, which not only affect food safety but also harm the breeding ecological environment. Therefore, finding a bacteriostatic method that can replace antibiotics and is safe and efficient has become an important research direction in the current Qingyuan partridge chicken breeding technology.

[0004] And Brevibacillus laterosporus BL01, as a functional probiotic, shows significant advantages in improving the intestinal health of poultry, inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria and enhancing growth performance. It can improve the health level and feed conversion rate of Qingyuan partridge chickens by secreting antibacterial peptides, regulating the balance of intestinal flora and enhancing antioxidant capacity. Compared with antibiotics, Brevibacillus laterosporus BL01 has the characteristics of no residue, no drug resistance risk and environmental friendliness, and has become a preferred strain for antibiotic substitutes. However, in actual applications, when Brevibacillus laterosporus BL01 is used alone, its colonization rate and activity in the intestine are limited to a certain extent, especially under high-stress conditions, and its functions cannot be fully exerted. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides the application of Brevibacillus laterosporus in the farming of Qingyuan partridge chickens, and solves the problem in the prior art that Brevibacillus laterosporus BL01 can replace antibiotics and can inhibit bacteria safely and efficiently, but when Brevibacillus laterosporus BL01 is used alone, its colonization rate and activity in the intestine are limited to a certain extent, resulting in incomplete exertion of functions.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: the application of Brevibacillus laterosporus in the breeding of Qingyuan partridge chickens, and the application is realized by feeding a feed containing Brevibacillus laterosporus BL01 powder and Bacillus subtilis coagulin protein, and the feed comprises the following components in parts by mass ratio:

[0007] Brevibacillus laterosporus BL01 powder: 2-4 parts;

[0008] Bacillus subtilis coagulin protein: 0.5-1 part;

[0009] Corn: 60-70 parts;

[0010] Soybean meal: 20-25 parts;

[0011] Fish meal: 2-4 parts;

[0012] Vegetable oil: 3-5 parts;

[0013] Calcium hydrogen phosphate: 1.5-2.5 parts;

[0014] Limestone powder: 1-2 parts;

[0015] DL-Methionine: 0.1-0.2 part;

[0016] Lysine: 0.5-0.8 part;

[0017] Table salt: 0.3-0.5 part;

[0018] Premix: 0.5-1.0 part.

[0019] Preferably, the premix comprises the following core components:

[0020] Vitamin A: 5000-10000 IU;

[0021] Vitamin D3: 1000-4000 IU;

[0022] Vitamin E: 30-50 IU;

[0023] Iron: 60-80 mg;

[0024] Zinc: 50-70 mg;

[0025] Selenium: 0.2-0.3 mg.

[0026] Preferably, the Brevibacillus laterosporus BL01 powder contains viable bacteria not less than 1×10 9 CFU / g, and the purity of the Bacillus subtilis coagulin protein is 90%-95%.

[0027] Preferably, the feed is fed to Qingyuan partridge chickens at a ratio of 3% - 5% of the chicken body weight per day for 3 - 4.5 consecutive weeks.

[0028] Preferably, the preparation method of the feed comprises the following steps:

[0029] a. Prepare the key component mixture: Mix the powder of Brevibacillus laterosporus BL01 with subtilisin lectin protein and place it in a dry environment for later use;

[0030] b. Prepare the feed base mixture: Uniformly mix corn, soybean meal, fish meal, vegetable oil, calcium hydrogen phosphate, stone powder, DL-methionine, lysine, salt and premix;

[0031] c. Mix the finished feed: Mix the key component mixture prepared in step a with the base feed prepared in step b and stir well to make the components evenly distributed;

[0032] d. Granulation treatment: Process the mixed feed through a granulator to form pellet feed.

[0033] Preferably, in step a, a small horizontal ribbon mixer or V-type mixer is used to mix the powder of Brevibacillus laterosporus BL01 with subtilisin lectin protein, and the mixing time is 3 - 5 min, the rotation speed is 15 - 30 revolutions per minute, and the environmental conditions are: room temperature 15 - 25°C, humidity ≤ 60%;

[0034] In step b, a large double-shaft paddle mixer or horizontal ribbon mixer is used to uniformly mix corn, soybean meal, fish meal, vegetable oil, calcium hydrogen phosphate, stone powder, DL-methionine, lysine, salt and premix, and the mixing time is 5 - 8 min, the rotation speed is 30 - 50 revolutions per minute, the loading rate is 60% - 80% of the total volume of the equipment, and at the same time, the powdery components calcium hydrogen phosphate, stone powder and premix are first mixed, and then the liquid component vegetable oil is added.

[0035] Preferably, the corn and soybean meal are first pretreated in a pulverizer, and after screening, they are used as feed raw materials, and the sieve pore size is 3 - 5 mm.

[0036] Preferably, in step c, when adding the mixture obtained in step a to the mixture obtained in step b for mixing, the mixing time is 8 - 10 min, the stirring speed is 20 - 40 revolutions per minute, and the loading rate is 70% - 85%.

[0037] Preferably, the feed is used to improve the growth performance, antioxidant capacity and intestinal health of Qingyuan partridge chickens.

[0038] Preferably, the performance of the growth performance, antioxidant capacity and intestinal health is as follows:

[0039] The average daily gain is increased by 5% - 8%;

[0040] The feed conversion rate is increased by 6% - 9%;

[0041] The activity of total antioxidant enzymes in serum is increased by 10% - 15%;

[0042] The abundance of the genus Bacteroides is increased by 15% - 20%;

[0043] The abundance of the genus Shigella is decreased by 20% - 25%.

[0044] The present invention provides the application of Brevibacillus laterosporus in the breeding of Qingyuan partridge chickens. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0045] 1. In the present invention, Brevibacillus laterosporus is added to the feed. Due to its inhibition of the growth of harmful bacteria through a competitive inhibition mechanism and the production of various antibacterial peptides and organic acids, it can regulate the intestinal flora structure. In addition, Brevibacillus laterosporus can also reduce oxidative stress by activating the antioxidant enzyme system of the host, thereby improving the health status of poultry.

[0046] 2. The present invention provides a specific binding domain through the lectin protein of Bacillus subtilis, which can bind to the polysaccharide or receptor on the surface of Brevibacillus laterosporus, thereby enhancing the adhesion ability and colonization stability of the latter in the intestine. Moreover, the lectin protein of Bacillus subtilis can also significantly enhance its probiotic function by promoting the proliferation rate, metabolic activity and secretion of antibacterial substances of Brevibacillus laterosporus. Specific embodiments

[0047] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0048] To better understand the present invention, the above content will be described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments

[0049] The embodiment of the present invention provides the application of Brevibacillus laterosporus in the breeding of Qingyuan partridge chickens. The application is realized by feeding a feed containing Brevibacillus laterosporus BL01 powder and the lectin protein of Bacillus subtilis. The feed includes the following components in parts by mass ratio:

[0050] Brevibacillus laterosporus BL01 powder: 2 - 4 parts;

[0051] The lectin protein of Bacillus subtilis: 0.5 - 1 part;

[0052] Corn: 60 - 70 parts;

[0053] Soybean meal: 20 - 25 parts;

[0054] Fish meal: 2 - 4 parts;

[0055] Vegetable oil: 3 - 5 parts;

[0056] Calcium hydrogen phosphate: 1.5 - 2.5 parts;

[0057] Limestone powder: 1 - 2 parts;

[0058] DL-Methionine: 0.1 - 0.2 parts;

[0059] Lysine: 0.5 - 0.8 parts;

[0060] Table salt: 0.3 - 0.5 parts;

[0061] Premix: 0.5 - 1.0 part.

[0062] Among them, Brevibacillus laterosporus BL01 powder is used to regulate the intestinal flora of Qingyuan partridge chickens, inhibit the reproduction of pathogenic bacteria, improve feed conversion efficiency and antioxidant capacity; subtilisin lectin protein is used to enhance the adhesion ability and colonization stability of Brevibacillus laterosporus, and further improve the functional effects of probiotics; corn is used to provide the main energy source required by Qingyuan partridge chickens, which is easy to digest and absorb; soybean meal is used to provide high-quality plant protein and essential amino acids to promote muscle growth; fish meal is used to supplement animal protein and fatty acids to improve the nutritional value and palatability of feed; vegetable oil is used to provide a high-energy source and at the same time improve the dustiness and palatability of feed; calcium hydrogen phosphate is used to supplement calcium and phosphorus to promote bone development and eggshell quality; limestone powder is used to provide an additional calcium source to meet the growth and bone needs of poultry; DL-methionine is used to balance the proportion of essential amino acids in feed to promote protein synthesis; lysine is used to improve the utilization rate of protein and enhance muscle development; table salt is used to supplement sodium ions to regulate the osmotic pressure in chickens and balance electrolytes; premix is used to provide trace elements and vitamins to enhance immunity and improve growth performance.

[0063] The premix includes the following core components:

[0064] Vitamin A: 5000 - 10000 IU, which is used to promote the vision development, bone growth and reproductive function of Qingyuan partridge chickens, and at the same time enhance the immune barrier of the skin and mucous membranes.

[0065] Vitamin D3: 1000 - 4000 IU, which is used to regulate calcium and phosphorus metabolism, promote the formation of bones and eggshells, and prevent the softening of chicken bones and the decline of egg production rate.

[0066] Vitamin E: 30 - 50 IU, which is used for antioxidant, protecting cell membranes, enhancing the immune function of Qingyuan partridge chickens, and improving the meat quality.

[0067] Iron: 60 - 80 mg, used to promote the synthesis of hemoglobin, prevent anemia, enhance the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood and overall health status.

[0068] Zinc: 50 - 70 mg, used to improve immunity, promote the healthy growth of skin, feathers and claws, and participate in the regulation of enzyme activity.

[0069] Selenium: 0.2 - 0.3 mg, used for antioxidant and immune-enhancing functions, reducing cell damage caused by oxidative stress, and promoting the reproductive health of poultry.

[0070] The powder of Brevibacillus laterosporus BL01 contains viable bacteria not less than 1×10 9 CFU / g, and the purity of subtilisin-like protein of Bacillus subtilis is 90% - 95%.

[0071] The feed is fed to Qingyuan partridge chickens daily at a ratio of 3% - 5% of the chicken body weight for 3 - 4.5 weeks continuously.

[0072] The preparation method of the feed includes the following steps:

[0073] a. Prepare the key component mixture: Mix the powder of Brevibacillus laterosporus BL01 with subtilisin-like protein of Bacillus subtilis, and place it in a dry environment for standby;

[0074] b. Prepare the feed basic mixture: Uniformly mix corn, soybean meal, fish meal, vegetable oil, calcium hydrogen phosphate, stone powder, DL-methionine, lysine, salt and premix;

[0075] c. Mix the finished feed: Mix the key component mixture prepared in step a with the basic feed prepared in step b and stir well to make the components evenly distributed;

[0076] d. Granulation treatment: Process the mixed feed through a granulator to form pellet feed.

[0077] In step a, use a small horizontal ribbon mixer or V-type mixer to mix the powder of Brevibacillus laterosporus BL01 with subtilisin-like protein of Bacillus subtilis, and the mixing time is 3 - 5 min, the rotation speed is 15 - 30 revolutions per minute, and the environmental conditions are: room temperature 15 - 25°C, humidity ≤60%;

[0078] In step b, use a large double-shaft paddle mixer or horizontal ribbon mixer to uniformly mix corn, soybean meal, fish meal, vegetable oil, calcium hydrogen phosphate, stone powder, DL-methionine, lysine, salt and premix, and the mixing time is 5 - 8 min, the rotation speed is 30 - 50 revolutions per minute, the loading rate is 60% - 80% of the total equipment volume. At the same time, the powdery components calcium hydrogen phosphate, stone powder and premix are first mixed, and then the liquid component vegetable oil is added.

[0079] Corn and soybean meal are first pretreated in a crusher, and after screening, they are used as feed raw materials, and the sieve pore size is 3-5 mm.

[0080] In step c, when adding the mixture obtained in step a to the mixture obtained in step b for mixing, the mixing time is 8-10 min, the stirring speed is 20-40 revolutions per minute, and the loading rate is 70%-85%.

[0081] The feed is used to improve the growth performance, antioxidant capacity and intestinal health of Qingyuan partridge chickens.

[0082] The manifestations of growth performance, antioxidant capacity and intestinal health are as follows:

[0083] The average daily gain is increased by 5%-8%;

[0084] The feed conversion rate is increased by 6%-9%;

[0085] The activity of serum total antioxidant enzyme is increased by 10%-15%;

[0086] The abundance of the genus Bacteroides is increased by 15%-20%;

[0087] The abundance of the genus Shigella is decreased by 20%-25%.

[0088] Example 1:

[0089] Experimental design

[0090] Experimental purpose

[0091] Verify the effects of Brevibacillus laterosporus BL01 powder and Bacillus subtilis coagulin protein on the growth performance, antioxidant capacity and intestinal health of Qingyuan partridge chickens at different usage amounts, and analyze the synergistic effect of the two.

[0092] Experimental group setting, nine experimental groups are set:

[0093] Experimental group 1:

[0094] Brevibacillus laterosporus BL01 powder: 3 parts;

[0095] Bacillus subtilis coagulin protein: 0.9 parts;

[0096] Corn: 70 parts;

[0097] Soybean meal: 23 parts;

[0098] Fish meal: 3 parts;

[0099] Vegetable oil: 4 parts;

[0100] Calcium hydrogen phosphate: 2 parts;

[0101] Limestone powder: 1.8 parts;

[0102] DL-Methionine: 0.13 parts;

[0103] Lysine: 0.67 parts;

[0104] Table salt: 0.43 parts;

[0105] Premix: 0.88 parts.

[0106] Experimental group 2: Brevibacillus laterosporus BL01 powder: 4.5 parts; Bacillus subtilis coagulin protein: 1.2 parts, and the other components are the same.

[0107] Experimental group 3: Brevibacillus laterosporus BL01 powder: 1.5 parts; Bacillus subtilis coagulin protein: 0.3 parts, and the other components are the same.

[0108] Experimental group 4: Brevibacillus laterosporus BL01 powder: 3 parts; Bacillus subtilis coagulin protein: 1.2 parts, and the other components are the same.

[0109] Experimental group 5: Brevibacillus laterosporus BL01 powder: 3 parts; Bacillus subtilis coagulin protein: 0.3 parts, and the other components are the same.

[0110] Experimental group 6: Brevibacillus laterosporus BL01 powder: 4.5 parts; Bacillus subtilis coagulin protein: 0.8 parts, and the other components are the same.

[0111] Experimental group 7: Brevibacillus laterosporus BL01 powder: 1.5 parts; Bacillus subtilis coagulin protein: 0.8 parts, and the other components are the same.

[0112] Experimental group 8: Brevibacillus laterosporus BL01 powder: 4.5 parts; Bacillus subtilis coagulin protein: 0.3 parts, and the other components are the same.

[0113] Experimental group 9: Brevibacillus laterosporus BL01 powder: 1.5 parts; Bacillus subtilis coagulin protein: 1.2 parts, and the other components are the same;

[0114] The detailed components are shown in Table 1

[0115] Table 1:

[0116]

[0117] Experimental procedures

[0118] 1. Preparation of experimental materials

[0119] Feed formula: A unified basic feed formula, in which corn, soybean meal, fish meal, vegetable oil, calcium hydrogen phosphate, stone powder, DL-methionine, lysine, salt and premix remain the same, and only the dosages of Brevibacillus laterosporus BL01 powder and Bacillus subtilis coagulin protein are adjusted.

[0120] Experimental animals: 360 healthy Qingyuan partridge chickens with similar body weights were selected, with an average body weight of 300±10 g. They were divided into 9 groups, with 40 chickens in each group.

[0121] Feeding conditions: Maintain the same feeding environment (temperature 25°C, humidity 60%) and feeding density.

[0122] 2. Feed preparation

[0123] Preparation steps: (The same for experimental groups 1-9)

[0124] Mix key components:

[0125] Mix the Brevibacillus laterosporus BL01 powder and Bacillus subtilis coagulin protein evenly according to the designed proportions of each group.

[0126] Use a small horizontal mixer with a stirring time of 3-5 minutes and a rotation speed of 15-30 revolutions per minute.

[0127] Mix the basic feed:

[0128] Add corn, soybean meal, fish meal, vegetable oil, calcium hydrogen phosphate, stone powder, DL-methionine, lysine, salt and premix to a large double-shaft paddle mixer in proportion and mix for 5-8 minutes at a rotation speed of 30-50 revolutions per minute.

[0129] Assemble the finished feed:

[0130] Add the key components to the basic feed and stir evenly again. Use a screw mixer with a stirring time of 8-10 minutes and a rotation speed of 20-40 revolutions per minute.

[0131] Pelletizing treatment:

[0132] Pelletize the mixed feed through a ring die pelletizer, controlling the pellet diameter at 2-4 mm and the conditioning temperature at 50-60°C.

[0133] 3. Feeding experiment

[0134] Group feeding:

[0135] Each group of Qingyuan partridge chickens (40) is fed the formulated feed corresponding to the experimental group.

[0136] Feed 3%-5% of the body weight per day in two installments (8:00 am and 4:00 pm). Feeding cycle: Continuously feed for 4 weeks.

[0137] Experimental observation:

[0138] Record the weight change and feed consumption of chickens weekly.

[0139] Observe the fecal status, health status and activity behavior of chickens.

[0140] 4. Data determination

[0141] After the experiment, randomly select 10 chickens from each group for detection and measure the following indicators:

[0142] Growth performance:

[0143] Average daily weight gain (%)

[0144] Feed conversion rate (%)

[0145] Antioxidant capacity:

[0146] Increase in the activity of total antioxidant enzymes in serum (T-AOC) (%)

[0147] Increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) (%)

[0148] Intestinal health:

[0149] Change in the abundance of Bacteroides in the intestine (%)

[0150] Change in the abundance of Shigella in the intestine (%)

[0151] The experimental results are shown in Table 2

[0152] Table 2:

[0153]

[0154]

[0155] Comparison and summary

[0156] 1. Growth performance analysis

[0157] Indicator: Average daily weight gain (%)

[0158] The average daily weight gain of experimental group 1 was 10.0%, which was significantly higher than that of other experimental groups.

[0159] Compared with other groups:

[0160] Experimental group 2 (9.0%): Although the content of BL01 powder and lectin protein was higher than the range, the increased effect was relatively limited, probably because the strain metabolism was saturated and the additional increment of probiotics failed to significantly improve the weight gain.

[0161] Experimental group 3 (4.5%): Both were lower than the recommended range, resulting in insufficient strain quantity and reduced metabolic capacity, directly leading to a decline in growth performance.

[0162] Experimental groups 4 and 5 (8.5%, 7.0%): The groups with a single variable exceeding or below the range showed a certain weakening of the synergistic effect.

[0163] Experimental groups 6 and 8 (9.5%, 7.5%): An increase in Brevibacillus laterosporus or a decrease in Bacillus subtilis coagulin protein respectively caused the effect to weaken.

[0164] Experimental groups 7 and 9 (6.0%, 5.5%): Insufficient strains or proteins led to poor growth effects.

[0165] Advantageous conclusion:

[0166] The strain concentration and the dosage of coagulin protein in experimental group 1 were within the recommended range, achieving the best flora regulation effect and nutritional metabolism efficiency, and significantly improving the daily weight gain of Qingyuan partridge chickens.

[0167] 2. Feed utilization rate analysis

[0168] Index: Increase in feed conversion rate (%)

[0169] The increase in feed conversion rate of experimental group 1 was 90%, which was the best among all experimental groups.

[0170] Comparison with other groups:

[0171] Experimental groups 2 and 6 (92%, 91%): Higher BL01 powder or coagulin protein led to energy and resource surplus and a decline in feed utilization rate.

[0172] Experimental group 3 (97%): Although the feed conversion rate was high, the weight gain effect was poor, indicating that the nutritional consumption could not be effectively converted into growth.

[0173] Experimental groups 4 and 5 (93%, 96%): The single variable exceeding the range failed to achieve the optimal utilization of resources.

[0174] Experimental groups 7 and 9 (95%, 96%): Lower strain or protein concentration limited the intestinal regulation ability and failed to fully utilize the feed.

[0175] Advantageous conclusion:

[0176] Experimental group 1 achieved the best balance between resource utilization and growth, improving both the feed conversion efficiency and the nutritional absorption of Qingyuan partridge chickens.

[0177] 3. Antioxidant capacity analysis

[0178] Index: Increase in T-AOC (%) and increase in SOD activity (%)

[0179] Increase in T-AOC (%):

[0180] Experimental group 1: The increase was 16%, significantly higher than other groups.

[0181] Experimental groups 2 and 6 (15%, 14%): Although the higher concentration groups performed well, they did not exceed experimental group 1, probably because the excessive addition led to a decrease in the activity of some strains.

[0182] Experimental groups 3 and 7 (8%, 9%): There was insufficient strain and protein to effectively activate the antioxidant enzyme system.

[0183] Increase in SOD activity (%):

[0184] Experimental group 1: The increase was 14%, showing the best performance among all groups.

[0185] Experimental groups 2 and 6 (13%, 12%): Slightly lower than experimental group 1, indicating that appropriate amounts of strain and protein are more effective in activating the antioxidant enzyme system.

[0186] Experimental groups 3 and 7 (7%, 8%): Insufficient strain could not fully activate the antioxidant enzyme.

[0187] Advantageous conclusion:

[0188] Experimental group 1 successfully activated the antioxidant enzyme system (T-AOC and SOD) through the synergistic effect of appropriate amounts of strain and protein, significantly alleviating the oxidative stress of Qingyuan partridge chickens during the feeding process.

[0189] 4. Intestinal health analysis

[0190] Indicators: Increase in Bacteroides in the intestine (%) and decrease in Shigella in the intestine (%)

[0191] Experimental group 1:

[0192] Increase in Bacteroides: An increase of 25%, significantly better than other experimental groups.

[0193] Decrease in Shigella: A decrease of 30%, showing the best performance among all groups.

[0194] Compared with other groups:

[0195] Experimental groups 2 and 6 (22%, 21%): Although the high concentration groups had a stronger effect on regulating the flora, they were slightly inferior to experimental group 1 in key bacterial species.

[0196] Experimental groups 3 and 7 (10%, 12%): The low concentration groups had significantly insufficient regulatory ability and could not effectively inhibit harmful bacteria.

[0197] Experimental groups 4 and 5 (19%, 15%): When the single variable deviates from the range, the regulation effect weakens.

[0198] Experimental groups 8 and 9 (15%, 14%): When the strain and protein dosages are unbalanced, the effect of regulating the microbial community is inhibited.

[0199] Advantageous conclusions:

[0200] Experimental group 1 achieved the best intestinal microecological balance. By increasing beneficial bacteria (Bacteroides) and inhibiting harmful bacteria (Shigella), it effectively improved the intestinal health of Qingyuan partridge chickens.

[0201] Core advantages of experimental group 1:

[0202] When both the strain concentration and protein addition amount are within the recommended range, the best synergistic effect is fully demonstrated, and the growth performance, feed utilization rate, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal health of Qingyuan partridge chickens all reach the best.

[0203] Comparative analysis:

[0204] When the variables in other groups exceed or are lower than the recommended range, both the regulation of the microbial community and the efficiency of nutrient metabolism are affected to varying degrees and fail to achieve the best effect of experimental group 1.

[0205] Conclusion:

[0206] An appropriate amount of Brevibacillus laterosporus BL01 powder and Bacillus subtilis coagulin protein have a significant synergistic effect and can significantly improve the comprehensive health and production performance of Qingyuan partridge chickens.

[0207] Example 2

[0208] Experimental purpose

[0209] By setting control groups and experimental groups, verify the specific effects of Brevibacillus laterosporus BL01 powder and Bacillus subtilis coagulin protein acting alone and together on the growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal health of Qingyuan partridge chickens.

[0210] Experimental group settings

[0211] Experimental group (using experimental group 1 of Example 1):

[0212] Control group 1: Without Brevibacillus laterosporus BL01 powder, and the other components are the same as those in the experimental group.

[0213] Control group 2: Without Bacillus subtilis coagulin protein, and the other components are the same as those in the experimental group.

[0214] Control group 3: Without Brevibacillus laterosporus BL01 powder and Bacillus subtilis coagulin protein, and the other components are the same as those in the experimental group

[0215] The between-group variable configuration is shown in Table 3

[0216] Table 3:

[0217]

[0218] Experimental materials

[0219] Experimental animals: 160 healthy Qingyuan partridge chickens with similar weights, with an average weight of 300 ± 10 g, were randomly divided into 4 groups, with 40 chickens in each group.

[0220] Feeding environment: All groups maintained the same feeding conditions (temperature 25°C, humidity 60%), with free access to water.

[0221] Experimental procedures

[0222] Feed preparation steps: The same as those in Experimental Group 1 of Example 1

[0223] Feeding and data recording

[0224] Feeding experiment:

[0225] Forty Qingyuan partridge chickens in each group were fed daily at a ratio of 3% - 5% of their body weight, with free access to food, divided into two times in the morning (8:00 am) and afternoon (4:00 pm).

[0226] The feeding cycle was 4 weeks.

[0227] Data recording:

[0228] Record weekly: The weight changes and feed consumption of the chickens in each group.

[0229] Observation indicators: The activity status, fecal form, and health status of the chickens.

[0230] Data determination

[0231] After the experiment ended, 10 chickens were randomly selected from each group for detection, and the following indicators were measured:

[0232] Growth performance:

[0233] Average daily gain (%)

[0234] Feed conversion rate (%)

[0235] Antioxidant capacity:

[0236] Increase in the activity of total antioxidant enzyme (T-AOC) in serum (%)

[0237] Increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) (%)

[0238] Intestinal health:

[0239] Abundance change of Bacteroides (%)

[0240] Abundance change of Shigella (%)

[0241] The experimental results are shown in Table 4

[0242] Table 4:

[0243]

[0244] Experimental summary

[0245] 1. Growth performance analysis

[0246] Index: Average daily gain (%)

[0247] Experimental group: The average daily gain was 10.0%, the highest among all groups.

[0248] Control group 1 (without BL01 powder): The average daily gain was 7.0%, 3 percentage points lower than that of the experimental group, indicating the significant promoting effect of BL01 powder on growth performance.

[0249] Control group 2 (without lectin protein): The average daily gain was 8.0%, 2 percentage points lower than that of the experimental group, indicating that lectin protein significantly improved growth performance by enhancing the effect of BL01 powder.

[0250] Control group 3 (without both): Only 5.0%, significantly lower than other groups, indicating that the synergistic effect of the two is indispensable for improving growth performance.

[0251] Conclusion:

[0252] Removing BL01 powder or lectin protein alone significantly decreased growth performance, indicating the particularly important synergistic effect of the two.

[0253] The highest weight gain effect in the experimental group was due to BL01 powder directly regulating intestinal health and nutrient absorption, while lectin protein further amplified the effect by enhancing colonization stability.

[0254] 2. Feed conversion rate analysis

[0255] Index: Feed conversion rate (%)

[0256] Experimental group: The feed conversion rate increased by 90%, which was the best.

[0257] Control group 1: It increased to 95%, higher than the experimental group. The reason was that the lack of BL01 powder led to a decrease in the nutrient absorption rate of chickens, but the feed utilization efficiency was relatively high.

[0258] Control group 2: increased to 93%, slightly higher than the experimental group, but still lower than the overall performance of the experimental group, indicating that the BL01 powder alone could not achieve the optimal effect.

[0259] Control group 3: The feed conversion rate was as high as 98%, but its growth performance was the lowest (the weight gain was only 5%), indicating that the lack of probiotic regulation led to the failure of feed consumption to be effectively converted into weight gain.

[0260] Conclusion:

[0261] The experimental group achieved a balance between feed conversion rate and growth performance, demonstrating the advantage of efficient feed utilization compared to the control groups.

[0262] Using BL01 powder or lectin protein alone did not achieve the best feed utilization effect, while their synergistic effect promoted the efficient conversion of feed by improving intestinal health.

[0263] 3. Analysis of antioxidant capacity

[0264] Indicators: Increase in T-AOC (%) and increase in SOD activity (%)

[0265] Experimental group:

[0266] The T-AOC increased by 16% and the SOD increased by 14%, the highest among all groups.

[0267] Control group 1 (without BL01 powder):

[0268] The T-AOC increased by 11%, 5 percentage points lower than the experimental group.

[0269] The SOD increased by 10%, 4 percentage points lower than the experimental group.

[0270] Lacking BL01 powder, the antioxidant capacity decreased significantly.

[0271] Control group 2 (without lectin protein):

[0272] The T-AOC increased by 13%, 3 percentage points lower than the experimental group.

[0273] The SOD increased by 12%, 2 percentage points lower than the experimental group.

[0274] It shows that the promoting effect of lectin protein has a direct effect on the activation of the antioxidant enzyme system.

[0275] Control group 3 (without both):

[0276] The T-AOC increased by 8% and the SOD increased by 7%, significantly lower than other groups.

[0277] Conclusion:

[0278] BL01 powder is the core factor activating the antioxidant enzyme system and can significantly enhance the antioxidant capacity of Qingyuan partridge chickens.

[0279] Lectin protein further amplifies the antioxidant effect by enhancing the action of BL01 powder, and the synergistic effect of the two is significantly better than using them alone.

[0280] 4. Intestinal health analysis

[0281] Indicators: Increase in Bacteroides (%) and decrease in Shigella (%)

[0282] Experimental group:

[0283] The increase in Bacteroides is 25% and the decrease in Shigella is 30%, both of which are the best.

[0284] Control group 1 (without BL01 powder):

[0285] The increase in Bacteroides is 15%, 10 percentage points lower than that of the experimental group.

[0286] The decrease in Shigella is 18%, 12 percentage points lower than that of the experimental group.

[0287] Lack of BL01 powder leads to a decline in the ability to regulate the intestinal flora.

[0288] Control group 2 (without lectin protein):

[0289] The increase in Bacteroides is 20%, 5 percentage points lower than that of the experimental group.

[0290] The decrease in Shigella is 22%, 8 percentage points lower than that of the experimental group.

[0291] It shows that lectin protein amplifies the effect of regulating the intestinal flora by promoting the colonization and proliferation of BL01 powder.

[0292] Control group 3 (without both):

[0293] The increase in Bacteroides is 10% and the decrease in Shigella is 12%, the lowest.

[0294] Conclusion:

[0295] BL01 powder is the main factor regulating the intestinal flora and can significantly increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria and inhibit harmful bacteria.

[0296] Lectin protein further optimizes the intestinal flora structure by promoting the colonization of BL01 powder, and the synergistic effect of the two is significantly better than using them alone.

[0297] Summary of overall advantages

[0298] The comprehensive performance (growth performance, feed conversion rate, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal health) of the experimental group was significantly better than that of all control groups, verifying the synergistic effect of BL01 powder and lectin protein:

[0299] BL01 powder is the core factor responsible for regulating the intestinal flora and enhancing the antioxidant capacity.

[0300] The lectin protein further amplified its effect by enhancing the adhesion and colonization effects of BL01 powder. Removing either component alone resulted in a significant decrease in the effect, indicating that the combined use of the two is crucial for the health and growth performance of Qingyuan partridge chickens.

[0301] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. Application of Brevibacillus laterosporus in the breeding of Qingyuan partridge chickens, characterized in that, The application is achieved by feeding a feed containing Brevibacillus brevis BL01 powder and Bacillus subtilis lectin protein. The feed comprises the following components in parts by mass ratio: Brevibacillus brevis BL01 powder: 2 - 4 parts; Bacillus subtilis lectin protein: 0.5 - 1 part; Corn: 60 - 70 parts; Soybean meal: 20 - 25 parts; Fish meal: 2 - 4 parts; Vegetable oil: 3 - 5 parts; Calcium hydrogen phosphate: 1.5 - 2.5 parts; Limestone powder: 1 - 2 parts; DL-Methionine: 0.1 - 0.2 part; Lysine: 0.5 - 0.8 part; Table salt: 0.3 - 0.5 part; Premix: 0.5 - 1.0 part.

2. The application of Brevibacillus laterosporus according to claim 1 in the breeding of Qingyuan partridge chickens, characterized in that, The premix comprises the following core components: Vitamin A: 5000 - 10000 IU; Vitamin D3: 1000 - 4000 IU; Vitamin E: 30 - 50 IU; Iron: 60 - 80 mg; Zinc: 50 - 70 mg; Selenium: 0.2 - 0.3 mg.

3. The application of Brevibacillus laterosporus according to claim 1 in the breeding of Qingyuan partridge chickens, characterized in that, The Brevibacillus brevis BL01 powder contains viable bacteria not less than 1×10□CFU / g, and the purity of the Bacillus subtilis lectin protein is 90% - 95%.

4. The application of Brevibacillus laterosporus according to claim 1 in the breeding of Qingyuan partridge chickens, characterized in that, The feed is fed to Qingyuan partridge chickens at a ratio of 3% - 5% of the chicken body weight per day for 3 - 4.5 weeks continuously.

5. The application of Brevibacillus brevis in the breeding of Qingyuan partridge chickens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the feed comprises the following steps: a. Prepare the key component mixture: Mix the Brevibacillus brevis BL01 powder and the Bacillus subtilis lectin protein, and place it in a dry environment for standby; b. Prepare the feed basic mixture: Uniformly mix corn, soybean meal, fish meal, vegetable oil, calcium hydrogen phosphate, limestone powder, DL-methionine, lysine, table salt and premix; c. Mix the finished feed: Mix the key component mixture prepared in step a with the basic feed prepared in step b and stir well to make the components evenly distributed; d. Granulation treatment: Process the mixed feed through a granulator to form pellet feed.

6. The application of Brevibacillus laterosporus according to claim 5 in the breeding of Qingyuan partridge chickens, characterized in that, In step a, a small horizontal screw ribbon mixer or V-type mixer is used to mix the Brevibacillus brevis BL01 powder and the Bacillus subtilis lectin protein, and the mixing time is 3 - 5 min, the rotation speed is 15 - 30 revolutions per minute, and the environmental conditions are: room temperature 15 - 25°C, humidity ≤60%; In step b, a large double-shaft paddle mixer or horizontal ribbon mixer is used to uniformly mix corn, soybean meal, fish meal, vegetable oil, calcium hydrogen phosphate, limestone powder, DL-methionine, lysine, table salt and premix, and the mixing time is 5 - 8 min, the rotation speed is 30 - 50 revolutions per minute, the loading rate is 60% - 80% of the total equipment volume. At the same time, the powdery components calcium hydrogen phosphate, limestone powder and premix are first mixed, and then the liquid component vegetable oil is added.

7. Use of Brevibacillus laterosporus according to claim 6 in the breeding of Qingyuan partridge chickens, characterized in that, The corn and soybean meal are first pretreated in a pulverizer and then used as feed raw materials after sieving, and the sieve hole size is 3 - 5 mm.

8. The application of Brevibacillus laterosporus according to claim 5 in the breeding of Qingyuan partridge chickens, characterized in that, In step c, when adding the mixture obtained in step a to the mixture obtained in step b for mixing, the mixing time is 8 - 10 min, the stirring rotation speed is 20 - 40 revolutions per minute, and the loading rate is 70% - 85%.

9. The application of Brevibacillus laterosporus according to claim 1 in the breeding of Qingyuan partridge chickens, characterized in that, The feed is used to improve the growth performance, antioxidant capacity and intestinal health of Qingyuan partridge chickens.

10. The application of Brevibacillus laterosporus according to claim 9 in the breeding of Qingyuan partridge chickens, characterized in that, The performances in growth performance, antioxidant capacity and intestinal health are as follows: The average daily gain is increased by 5% - 8%; The feed conversion rate is increased by 6% - 9%; The activity of total antioxidant enzymes in serum is increased by 10% - 15%; The abundance of the genus Bacteroides is increased by 15% - 20%; The abundance of the genus Shigella is decreased by 20% - 25%.

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