Feed additive for mesona palmata and preparation method of feed additive for mesona palmata

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of aquatic feed additives, and particularly relates to a feed additive capable of increasing the survival rate of mesona palmata and a preparation method and application of the feed additive. The feed additive comprises the following components: 25-27% of cassia twig, 20-23% of radix paeoniae alba, 15-16% of radix bupleuri, 10-12% of coptis chinensis, 10-11% of gypsum, 8-10% of fructus aurantii immaturus and 6-8% of radix rubiae. The feed additive provided by the invention not only can improve the survival rate of the clam, but also can promote the growth speed of the clam and improve the culture benefit. Results of the embodiment show that the feed additive provided by the invention can enable the survival rate of the palmaria arenaria to reach 85% or above.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture feed additives, and particularly relates to a feed additive for Callista erycina and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Callista erycina, also known as the goddess clam, belongs to the phylum Mollusca, class Bivalvia, order Veneroida, subfamily Callistinae, genus Callista. It is mainly distributed along the coast of Guangdong, the Beibu Gulf of Guangxi and Hainan in China. Abroad, it is mainly distributed south of Amami Oshima in Japan, and in the tropical Pacific and Indian Oceans such as Kolkata in India, Djibouti in Aden, and Mozambique. It often appears on sandy seabeds at a water depth of 20 meters from the intertidal zone to the subtidal zone and lives on shallow sandy seabeds. Callista erycina is highly praised by people for its fresh, crispy, refreshing and chewy meat, and is regarded as a top-notch delicacy. At present, the market demand for Callista erycina is increasing, and its breeding technology is also constantly improving. Generally, it has relatively high requirements for water quality, and artificial compound feeds are gradually selected for feeding during the breeding process to adapt to high-density breeding.

[0003] With the continuous expansion of the breeding scale of Callista erycina and the continuous increase in breeding density, natural bait can no longer meet the feeding needs, and the demand for artificial feeds is also increasing day by day. However, at present, during the process of feeding Callista erycina with artificial compound feeds, problems such as malnutrition, unstable survival rate, and slow growth rate often occur. Generally, Callista erycina in high-density breeding has a relatively high mortality rate, a high feed ratio, a low pearl production rate, and generally low yields, seriously damaging the economic benefits of farmers. So far, there are few reports on the use of feed additives to improve the survival rate of Callista erycina and increase its growth rate. Therefore, developing a feed additive that can not only improve the survival rate of Callista erycina, but also promote its growth rate and increase its yield is of great significance for the intensive breeding and sustainable development of Callista erycina. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a feed additive for Callista erycina and a preparation method thereof. The feed additive provided by the present invention can not only improve the survival rate of Callista erycina, but also promote the growth rate of Callista erycina and improve the breeding efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a feed additive for Callista erycina, which includes the following components in terms of mass percentage: 25 - 27% Cinnamomi Ramulus, 20 - 23% Paeoniae Radix Alba, 15 - 16% Bupleuri Radix, 10 - 12% Coptidis Rhizoma, 10 - 11% Gypsum Fibrosum, 8 - 10% Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, 6 - 8% Rubiae Radix.

[0006] The present invention provides a preparation method of a feed additive for Callista erycina, and the feed additive is obtained by crushing and sieving the raw materials described in the above technical solution.

[0007] Preferably, the crushing includes ultrafine crushing; the particle size of the crushed material after crushing is 200 mesh.

[0008] Preferably, the Callista erycina feed includes 0.1 wt.% to 0.2 wt.% of the feed additive.

[0009] Preferably, the Callista erycina feed further includes a conventional Callista erycina feed. Beneficial effects

[0010] In the feed additive of the present invention, cinnamon twig, white peony root, bupleurum root, coptis root, etc. have the effects of regulating the body's immunity, promoting the body's growth and development, antibacterial and bacteriostatic, and the above-mentioned Chinese herbal medicines are all rich in a large amount of vitamins and minerals. The feed additive formed after compounding can further improve the physique of Callista erycina by regulating the body's immunity, enhance the ability to adapt to the external environment, and at the same time protect the liver and gallbladder on this basis, promote the body's growth and development, and improve the survival rate; at the same time, on the premise of ensuring the improvement of its survival rate, the palatability of the feed additive can be further improved, which can not only improve the survival rate of Callista erycina, but also promote its growth rate, improve its body immunity, and increase the yield of Callista erycina.

[0011] In addition, the present invention uses common Chinese herbal medicines as the main raw materials, which have the characteristics of rich resources, wide raw material sources, and easy availability.

[0012] In addition, the Chinese herbal medicines selected in the present invention are all natural plants, with low cost, green safety, and easy to promote. Specific embodiments

[0013] The present invention provides a feed additive for Callista erycina, which includes the following components in mass percentage: 25-27% cinnamon twig, 20-23% white peony root, 15-16% bupleurum root, 10-12% coptis root, 10-11% gypsum, 8-10% fructus aurantii, 6-8% rubia cordifolia.

[0014] In terms of mass percentage content, the feed additive provided by the present invention includes 25-27% cinnamon twig, preferably 27%. In the present invention, the cinnamon twig has the effects of dilating blood vessels, enhancing cardiac blood supply, antibacterial and antiviral, relieving inflammation, promoting gastrointestinal peristalsis, and inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria.

[0015] In terms of mass percentage content, the feed additive provided by the present invention includes 20-23% white peony root, preferably 23%. In the present invention, the white peony root has the functions of enhancing the body's disease resistance, regulating the immune system function, promoting blood circulation, and protecting the liver.

[0016] Calculated by mass percentage, the feed additive provided by the present invention comprises 15 - 16% of Bupleuri Radix, preferably 16%. In the present invention, the Bupleuri Radix has the functions of reducing inflammatory reaction, combating bacteria and viruses, preventing convulsion attacks, and at the same time enhancing immunity, inhibiting abnormal cell growth, protecting the liver and gallbladder, etc.

[0017] Calculated by mass percentage, the feed additive provided by the present invention comprises 10 - 12% of Coptidis Rhizoma, preferably 10%. In the present invention, the Coptidis Rhizoma has the effects of relieving gastric distension, indigestion, improving anorexia, clearing damp - heat, purging fire, removing stasis, detoxifying and promoting bowel movement, etc.

[0018] Calculated by mass percentage, the feed additive provided by the present invention comprises 10 - 11% of Gypsum Fibrosum, preferably 10%. In the present invention, the Gypsum Fibrosum has the effects of clearing heat and purging fire, reducing inflammatory reaction, and at the same time has the effects of promoting granulation and tissue generation, astringing dampness, stopping bleeding, and promoting wound healing, etc.

[0019] Calculated by mass percentage, the feed additive provided by the present invention comprises 8 - 10% of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, preferably 8%. In the present invention, the Aurantii Fructus Immaturus has the effects of promoting gastrointestinal peristalsis, improving abdominal distension and indigestion, protecting gastric mucosa, liver and gallbladder functions, relieving allergic reactions, and at the same time has certain antibacterial and inhibiting abnormal cell growth, etc.

[0020] Calculated by mass percentage, the feed additive provided by the present invention comprises 6 - 8% of Rubiae Radix, preferably 6%. In the present invention, the Rubiae Radix has the effects of combating bacteria and viruses, relieving diarrhea, inhibiting tumor growth, and has protective effects on the heart, blood vessels, stomach, liver and pancreas, and can prevent the occurrence of related organ diseases.

[0021] In the present invention, the feed additive obtained by compounding the above - mentioned traditional Chinese medicines can further improve the physique of Callista erycina by regulating the body's immunity, enhance the ability to adapt to the external environment, and at the same time protect the liver and gallbladder, regulate the body's immunity, promote the growth and development of the body on this basis, thereby increasing the yield and improving economic benefits.

[0022] Under normal circumstances, the above - mentioned eight kinds of traditional Chinese medicine raw materials are not used in the feed additive of shellfish.

[0023] Unless otherwise specified, the present invention has no special limitation on the sources of the above - mentioned traditional Chinese medicines, and conventional commercially available traditional Chinese medicine products can be used.

[0024] The present invention also provides a preparation method of a feed additive for Callista erycina. The above - mentioned raw materials are pulverized and sieved to obtain the feed additive.

[0025] The raw materials of the feed additive for Callista erycina of the present invention are pulverized to obtain a pulverized product. In the present invention, the pulverization preferably includes ultrafine pulverization; the particle size of the pulverized product is preferably 200 mesh. The present invention has no special limitation on the method and equipment for the pulverization, and conventional Chinese medicine pulverization methods and equipment in the art can be used.

[0026] After obtaining the pulverized product, it is sieved to obtain the feed additive. The present invention has no special limitation on the sieving method, and conventional methods in the art can be used.

[0027] In the present invention, the feed for Callista erycina preferably includes 0.1-0.2% of the feed additive, and more preferably includes 0.2% of the feed additive. In the present invention, the feed for Callista erycina preferably includes conventional shellfish feed; in the embodiments of the present invention, it may specifically include: Generally, the content of each component of the conventional feed for Callista erycina is as follows: the crude protein content is 45-55%; the crude fat content is 5-8%; the moisture content is 7-10%; the content of the feed additive is 0.2-0.5%, etc. The feed raw materials mainly include krill powder, white fish meal, chicken meal, whole shrimp powder, soybean meal, high-gluten flour, wheat flour, fish oil, soybean oil, feed additive, preservative and various additives, etc. Among them, fish meal, chicken meal, soybean meal, etc. mainly serve as protein sources to provide protein requirements for aquatic animals; high-gluten flour and wheat flour are mainly used as energy sources to provide sugars; fish oil and soybean oil are mainly used as oil supplies; and the feed additive is rich in various trace nutrients required for the growth of aquatic animals and can be used to improve the feed function, such as improving the palatability of the feed, regulating the immune activity of the body, improving the growth rate of aquatic animals, enhancing the resistance, and improving the ability to adapt to the environment, etc.

[0028] The present invention has no special requirements for the preparation method of the feed for Callista erycina, and the method well-known to those skilled in the art is adopted to mix the feed additive with the conventional feed for Callista erycina to obtain it.

[0029] The present invention also provides the application of the above-mentioned feed for Callista erycina in improving the survival rate of Callista erycina and promoting the growth rate of Callista erycina.

[0030] In order to further illustrate the present invention, the technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they cannot be understood as limiting the protection scope of the present invention. Example 1

[0031] Weigh 27 kg (27%) of Ramulus Cinnamomi, 23 kg (23%) of Radix Paeoniae Alba, 16 kg (16%) of Bupleuri Radix, 10 kg (10%) of Coptidis Rhizoma, 10 kg (10%) of Gypsum Fibrosum, 8 kg (8%) of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, and 6 kg (6%) of Rubiae Radix. After pulverizing with an ultrafine pulverizer and passing through a 200-mesh sieve, mix them evenly and add them to the formulated feed for Callista erycina at a ratio of 0.2 wt.%. Example 2

[0032] Weigh 25 kg (25%) of Ramulus Cinnamomi, 22 kg (22%) of Radix Paeoniae Alba, 15 kg (15%) of Bupleuri Radix, 11 kg (11%) of Coptidis Rhizoma, 11 kg (11%) of Gypsum Fibrosum, 9 kg (9%) of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, and 7 kg (7%) of Rubiae Radix. After pulverizing with an ultrafine pulverizer and passing through a 200-mesh sieve, mix them evenly and add them to the formulated feed for Callista erycina at a ratio of 0.2 wt.%. Example 3

[0033] Weigh 26 kg (26%) of Ramulus Cinnamomi, 20 kg (20%) of Radix Paeoniae Alba, 16 kg (16%) of Bupleuri Radix, 10 kg (10%) of Coptidis Rhizoma, 10 kg (10%) of Gypsum Fibrosum, 10 kg (10%) of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, and 8 kg (8%) of Rubiae Radix. After pulverizing with an ultrafine pulverizer and passing through a 200-mesh sieve, mix them evenly and add them to the formulated feed for Callista erycina at a ratio of 0.2%. Example 4

[0034] Weigh 26 kg (26%) of Ramulus Cinnamomi, 22 kg (22%) of Radix Paeoniae Alba, 16 kg (16%) of Bupleuri Radix, 10 kg (10%) of Coptidis Rhizoma, 10 kg (10%) of Gypsum Fibrosum, 10 kg (10%) of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, and 6 kg (6%) of Rubiae Radix. After pulverizing with an ultrafine pulverizer and passing through a 200-mesh sieve, mix them evenly and add them to the formulated feed for Callista erycina at a ratio of 0.2%.

[0035] Experimental Example 1 Materials and Methods Using the same complete feed as the basic test feed, the addition of feed additives in each test group is as follows: Feed for Group A: No Callista erycina feed additive is added to the complete feed (control group); Feed for Group B: Add the Callista erycina feed additive produced in Example 1 to the complete feed at a dose of 0.2%; Feed for Group C: Add the Callista erycina feed additive produced in Example 2 to the complete feed at a dose of 0.2%; Feed for Group D: Add the Callista erycina feed additive produced in Example 3 to the complete feed at a dose of 0.2%; Group E feed: The feed additive for Callista erycina produced in Example 4 was added to the complete feed at a dose of 0.2%.

[0036] Grouping and feeding of Callista erycina For the experiment, healthy and vigorous Callista erycina were selected. After 15 days of temporary rearing, 1500 Callista erycina with an average weight of 30.6 g were randomly divided into 5 groups, with 300 in each group, and 3 replicates were set, with 100 in each replicate. The Callista erycina were cultured in the same pond in separate net cages and fed the five groups of feeds A, B, C, D, and E described in "Materials and Methods". The daily feeding amount was 1-2 wt.% of the weight of Callista erycina, and two meals were fed every day: 8:00 am; 5:30 pm. The breeding cycle was 20 weeks. During the breeding process, the number of dead Callista erycina was recorded. At the end of the experiment, the Callista erycina were weighed and the remaining number of Callista erycina was recorded.

[0037] Statistical analysis of experimental records of Callista erycina The experimental data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation, and one-way ANOVA was performed on each index using SPSS 18.0 software, and multiple comparisons were made.

[0038] Effect of the feed additive for Callista erycina on survival rate After 20 weeks of feeding with different experimental feeds, the survival rate results of the experimental Callista erycina in each group are shown in Table 1.

[0039]

[0040] Note: The Duncan method was used for comparison. Different lowercase letters a, b, c, d, e, etc. in the same column represent significant differences (P < 0.05).

[0041] As can be seen from Table 1, for the experimental groups B-E with the addition of the feed additive for Callista erycina, the survival rate reached over 85%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group A (66.33%), indicating that the addition of the feed additive for Callista erycina helps to improve the survival rate of Callista erycina in breeding; the survival rates of the experimental groups C-E were between 85% and 90%, all lower than the survival rate of group B (92.67%), indicating that the ratio of the feed additive in group B was more optimal and its breeding effect was also better than that of other experimental groups.

[0042] It can be seen from this that the feed additive for Callista erycina plays an important role in improving the survival rate of Callista erycina, and at the same time the experiment further reveals that the reasonable combination of different components is beneficial to further improving the breeding effect.

[0043] Experimental Example 2 Effect of the feed additive for Callista erycina on the final weight of Callista erycina After feeding with different experimental feeds in "Materials and Methods" of the above Experimental Example 1 for 20 weeks, the experiment was ended. The feeding method was the same as that in Experimental Example 1. The final weights of the brown-banded venus clams in each group of the experiment are shown in Table 2.

[0044]

[0045] Note: Compared by the Duncan method, different lowercase letters a, b, c, d, etc. in the same column represent significant differences (P < 0.05).

[0046] It can be seen from Table 2 that the final weights of the experimental groups B - E with the addition of the brown-banded venus clam feed additive are all above 47 g, significantly higher than that of the control group A (39.2 g), and the average weight of each brown-banded venus clam is about 8 g higher than that of the control group A; the final weights of the experimental groups C - E are between 47 - 50 g, all lower than the final weight of group B (53.6), indicating that the ratio of the feed additive in group B is more optimal, and its breeding effect is also better than that of other experimental groups.

[0047] As can be seen from the above examples, the feed additive provided by the present invention is applicable to the breeding of brown-banded venus clams. It can not only effectively improve the breeding survival rate, but also promote the growth of brown-banded venus clams and increase their growth rate, having great economic potential.

[0048] Although the above examples have described the present invention in detail, they are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. People can also obtain other embodiments without creative efforts based on these embodiments, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A feed additive for Callista erycina, characterized in that, Comprising the following components by mass percentage: 25-27% Ramulus Cinnamomi, 20-23% Radix Paeoniae Alba, 15-16% Bupleuri Radix, 10-12% Rhizoma Coptidis, 10-11% Gypsum Fibrosum, 8-10% Fructus Aurantii Immaturus, 6-8% Rubiae Radix.

2. The feed additive for Callista erycina according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight percentage concentration of the said feed additive in the feed is 0.1 wt.% - 0.2 wt.%.

3. A preparation method of the feed additive for Callista erycina described in claim 1, characterized in that, The feed additive is obtained by pulverizing and sieving the raw materials.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein The said pulverizing is ultrafine pulverizing; the particle size of the pulverized material after pulverizing is 200 mesh.

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