A system and method for collaboratively controlling powder layer thickness and beam shaping in laser additive manufacturing

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of laser processing technology and provides a system and method for coordinated control of powder layer thickness and beam shaping for laser additive manufacturing. The system comprises: a light source device for emitting the laser beam required for additive manufacturing; when a manufacturing forming device determines the required powder layer thickness, the light source device then uses a point light source and / or a ring light source to emit the laser beam. The spot diameter of the laser beam or the size of the molten pool formed thereby is dynamically adjusted according to the powder layer thickness. The advantage of the present invention lies in its intelligent segmentation and process planning of various parts of L-PBF formed components, the use of a large-layer-thick powder layer-large-size light source forming process, and the use of a small-layer-thick powder layer-small-size light source forming process, while taking into account both component forming accuracy and efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of laser processing technology, in particular to a forming process, and in particular to a system and method for coordinated control of powder layer thickness and beam shaping for laser additive manufacturing. Background Art

[0002] Multi-material components integrating "material, structure, and performance" are a key trend in the manufacturing industry. Existing technologies utilize traditional techniques such as casting, forging, and machining to produce multi-material components. These processes are complex and cumbersome, with long processing cycles and high costs, making the production of complex multi-material components impossible. Multi-material laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) technology, through the layer-by-layer, targeted laying of multi-material powders combined with a selective laser forming process, can produce high-precision, complex multi-material components with short processing cycles and high build quality. It is currently a key development direction in the field of laser additive manufacturing.

[0003] Currently, laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) technology primarily utilizes a scraper-based layer-by-layer powder application followed by a laser-based, point-by-point, path-by-path process. This eliminates the traditional manufacturing technology's reliance on molds and other tools, enabling rapid printing of complex components with high precision, excellent mechanical properties, short processing cycles, and low costs. The additive element and laser energy are the most critical factors in determining L-PBF's efficiency, precision, and component performance.

[0004] For example, the patent application with publication number CN120038343A proposes a multi-material laser additive forming process and a laser oscillation forming system, which divides the forming component model of the current multi-material powder layer into edge areas and filling areas, processes the edge areas of the forming component model through point light sources, and processes the filling areas of the forming component model through surface light sources formed by laser oscillation, thereby completing the processing of the forming component model in the current multi-material powder layer.

[0005] Although the problems of forming defects such as poor multi-material interface fusion, holes, and cracks have been solved, there is an inherent contradiction between the forming efficiency and precision of the laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) process due to limitations of factors such as the laser energy source and additive volume elements: when the powder layer thickness and the laser size are large, the basic unit of the L-PBF additive forming is larger, which can improve the forming efficiency, but the surface roughness is greater and the forming precision is reduced; conversely, when the powder layer thickness and the laser size are small, the additive volume is reduced, the forming precision is improved, but the forming efficiency is reduced.

[0006] In addition, issues such as customized regulation of organizational properties of L-PBF technology, stress regulation during the forming process, forming of small-angle overhang surfaces, elimination and repair of forming defects, and material formability (refractory alloys, intermetallic compounds, ceramics, etc.) also urgently require effective and controllable solutions. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a system and method for collaboratively controlling powder layer thickness and beam shaping during laser additive manufacturing to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0009] A laser additive manufacturing system for coordinated control of powder layer thickness and beam shaping, comprising:

[0010] A light source device for emitting the laser beam required for component additive manufacturing, the light source device being driven by an ultrasonic mechanism or a light modulator and adjusted by a mirror assembly to form a point light source and / or a ring light source;

[0011] A manufacturing forming device, comprising at least a powder spreading device and a monitoring system; the monitoring system is configured to collect multiple data parameters in real time during the component forming process to dynamically adjust the thickness of the powder layer to be laid by the pre-planned powder spreading device and the light beam emitted by the light source device;

[0012] The light source device is configured to use a point light source and / or an annular light source to emit a laser beam when the manufacturing forming device determines the required powder layer thickness, and the spot diameter or molten pool size formed by the laser beam is dynamically adjusted according to the powder layer thickness.

[0013] Furthermore, the mirror group is formed by one or more arrangements and combinations of a beam expander, a reflector, and a galvanometer, and the spot diameter or molten pool size formed by the laser beam is adjusted by the mirror group.

[0014] Furthermore, the light source device includes a light path combining component, which combines the independently formed point light source and the ring light source into a point ring light source.

[0015] Furthermore, the light source device is configured to preheat the laid powder with the light beam emitted by the annular light source, and to shape the component with the light beam emitted by the point light source.

[0016] Furthermore, the point light source and the annular light source are coaxially arranged.

[0017] Furthermore, the manufacturing and forming device also includes a forming process planning system, which is configured to divide the component according to one or more parameters in the component morphology and performance requirements to form the powder layer thickness during the component forming process and the laser process parameters corresponding to each layer. The laser process parameters include at least beam parameters.

[0018] Furthermore, the forming process planning system is based on a preset process database to form the powder layer thickness during the component forming process and the laser process parameters corresponding to each layer.

[0019] Furthermore, the manufacturing and forming device also includes a numerical simulation system, which is configured to perform numerical simulation on multiple data parameters collected in real time during the component forming process to dynamically adjust the powder layer thickness and laser beam parameters required to be laid by the pre-planned powder laying device.

[0020] Furthermore, when numerically simulating the data parameters, a machine learning prediction model is used to predict the forming morphology of the component.

[0021] The present invention also provides a method for coordinated control of powder layer thickness and beam shaping in laser additive manufacturing, comprising the steps of:

[0022] Planning the thickness of the powder layer for component forming and the corresponding laser process parameters according to the component shape. The laser process parameters include at least the beam shape and the beam spot diameter or the molten pool size.

[0023] Real-time collection of multiple data parameters during the component forming process to dynamically adjust the pre-planned powder layer thickness;

[0024] After determining the thickness of the powder layer required for the current laying, a point light source and / or annular light source is used to emit a laser beam, and the spot diameter or molten pool size formed by the laser beam is dynamically adjusted according to the thickness of the powder layer.

[0025] Furthermore, when the first preset powder layer thickness is determined, a ring light source is used to emit a laser beam, and when the second preset powder layer thickness is determined, a point light source is used to emit a laser beam.

[0026] Furthermore, the light beam emitted by the annular light source is used to preheat the laid powder, and the light beam emitted by the point light source is used to shape the component.

[0027] Furthermore, the component is segmented according to one or more parameters in the component morphology and performance requirements to form the powder layer thickness during the component forming process and the laser process parameters corresponding to each layer.

[0028] Furthermore, numerical simulation is performed on multiple data parameters collected in real time to dynamically adjust the powder layer thickness and laser process parameters required by the pre-planned powder laying device; and when numerically simulating the data parameters, a machine learning prediction model is used to predict the forming morphology of the component.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0030] (1) When forming with a small layer thickness L-PBF process, a small-sized, high-precision point light source is used, and the additive volume is small, which is conducive to improving the forming accuracy; when forming with a large layer thickness L-PBF process, a large-sized, uniform and stable ring light source is used, which has good melt pool stability, less powder splashing, and high melt path quality. Therefore, according to the local structure and performance characteristics of the component, the formed component is intelligently segmented and the L-PBF process is planned, and the powder layer thickness and the spot diameter of the laser light source or the size of the melt pool formed by it are coordinated to effectively improve the overall forming efficiency and forming accuracy of the component;

[0031] (2) Relying on the advantages of good adjustability and fast conversion speed of the point ring light source, the molten pool morphology, temperature field, flow field, etc. can be effectively adjusted to control the component distribution, alleviate stress concentration, suppress molten pool splashing, and improve the quality of the melt channel;

[0032] (3) Intelligent segmentation and process planning of each part of the L-PBF formed component are carried out, and a large-layer thick powder-laying-large-size light source forming process and a small-layer thick powder-laying-small-size light source forming process are adopted, while taking into account the component forming accuracy and efficiency;

[0033] (4) By adjusting the point-ring light source laser forming process and combining it with the coordinated control of the powder layer thickness, the energy utilization rate of the laser can be effectively improved, the L-PBF forming process window of various materials can be expanded, and more free additive forming can be achieved;

[0034] (5) By coordinating the thickness of the laser additive powder layer and the beam shaping, and combining the structural characteristics and performance requirements of the component, the forming process strategy is planned for different areas of the component to achieve customized design and manufacturing of the component's organization and performance;

[0035] (6) By combining online defect monitoring and identification, deep learning prediction and other means, the corresponding point ring light source remelting process can be called to repair local defect areas, reduce component defects and improve component yield;

[0036] (7) Through the coordinated control of multi-point ring light sources, a variety of intelligent processing strategies can be created, such as using large-scale ring light for uniform preheating, using high-precision point light source for forming, and expanding the range of formable materials;

[0037] (8) Through the coordinated control process of powder layer thickness and beam shaping, the components can be intelligently segmented and the process planning can be carried out, which can improve the forming ability of L-PBF technology for structural features such as easy deformation, unsupported areas, and areas prone to stress concentration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0039] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the powder layer thickness and beam shaping coordinated control system provided in this embodiment;

[0040] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of beam shaping achieved using an ultrasonic mechanism provided in this embodiment;

[0041] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of light beam shaping achieved by using an optical modulator provided in this embodiment;

[0042] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of forming a point ring light source in the beam shaping provided by this embodiment;

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of processing a polygonal formed component model in the laser additive forming process provided in this embodiment;

[0044] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of processing a formed component model in the form of a pipe in the laser additive forming process provided in this embodiment;

[0045] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of layer-by-layer processing in the laser additive manufacturing process provided in this embodiment;

[0046] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of the steps of the method for coordinated control of powder layer thickness and beam shaping in laser additive manufacturing provided in this embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0048] This embodiment proposes a laser additive manufacturing powder layer thickness and beam shaping coordinated control system, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0049] A light source device is used to emit the laser beam required for additive manufacturing.

[0050] A manufacturing forming device includes at least a powder spreading device and a monitoring system; the monitoring system is configured to collect multiple data parameters in the component forming process in real time to dynamically adjust the powder layer thickness required by the pre-planned powder spreading device and the light beam emitted by the light source device.

[0051] In which, the light source device is configured to use a point light source and / or annular light source to emit a laser beam when the manufacturing forming device determines the required powder layer thickness for laying. The spot diameter or molten pool size formed by the laser beam is dynamically adjusted according to the powder layer thickness; and when the point light source and the annular light source are used at the same time, the light beam emitted by the annular light source is used to preheat the laid powder, and the light beam emitted by the point light source is used to form the component.

[0052] In view of the inherent contradiction between L-PBF forming efficiency and forming accuracy, this embodiment proposes the concept of coordinated control of laser additive powder layer thickness and beam shaping. It adopts a laser optical path system with adjustable light source parameters and coordinately controls the L-PBF powder layer thickness layer by layer, thereby reducing forming defects, regulating the microstructure and performance of different parts of the component, and simultaneously improving forming efficiency and forming accuracy.

[0053] Preferably, the light source device is configured to emit a laser beam with first beam parameters when the manufacturing and forming device determines to lay a first preset powder layer thickness, and to emit a laser beam with second beam parameters when the manufacturing and forming device determines to lay a second preset powder layer thickness. The first preset powder layer thickness and the second preset powder layer thickness are both expressed as a range of powder layer thickness values, and do not specifically refer to a specific value of the powder layer thickness. The ranges represented by the first preset powder layer thickness and the second preset powder layer thickness may be non-overlapping or overlapping.

[0054] Furthermore, the light source device in this embodiment can form a light source including a point light source and a ring light source, thereby using a ring light source to emit a laser beam when the first preset powder layer thickness is determined, and using a point light source to emit a laser beam when the second preset powder layer thickness is determined.

[0055] Preferably, the ultrasonic driving device is combined with a beam expander and other lens groups of the optical path system to achieve rapid, accurate and dynamic control of the spot size and energy distribution of the point ring light source.

[0056] To achieve dynamic beam shaping of point ring light source, such as Figures 2 to 4 As shown, this embodiment specifically includes:

[0057] (1) By driving optical components such as beam expanders through ultrasonic mechanisms, a point light source with rapidly adjustable laser energy, spot diameter, etc. is obtained;

[0058] (2) By adjusting the laser mode, a ring light source with uniform and stable energy is obtained, and by driving optical components such as the beam expander through an ultrasonic mechanism, a ring light source with rapidly adjustable laser energy, spot diameter, etc. is obtained;

[0059] (3) Through the use of optical path combining components such as reflectors and galvanometers, the dynamic point light source and the ring light source are coaxially combined or non-coaxially combined to obtain a point ring light source with rapidly adjustable laser energy and spot diameter.

[0060] The point ring light source proposed in this embodiment is not limited to the point ring light source obtained by combining an ultrasonic mechanism and an optical path system, but also includes other methods that can form a point ring light source, such as a light modulator in a liquid crystal space or a mechanical space.

[0061] In addition, the point ring light source proposed in this embodiment is not limited to infrared wavelength lasers, but also includes infrared, blue, green and other wavelength lasers that can be used for L-PBF forming.

[0062] The collaborative control strategy proposed in this embodiment is as follows: Figures 5 to 7 As shown in the figure, during the beam shaping process, a conventional small-diameter, high-precision point light source B1 is used to print the edge of the formed component, so that the formed component can obtain a more uniform and fine structure, and the strength, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the surface of the formed component are improved. The use of a ring light source B2 with high-speed laser oscillation scanning can improve the forming efficiency of the formed component, obtain a relatively coarse structure, and improve the overall plasticity and toughness of the formed component.

[0063] It is worth mentioning that Figure 6 As shown, when the forming component model of the current powder layer is set as a polygon, the forming component model is first divided into an edge area A1 and a filling area A2, wherein the edge area A1 is located at the outer contour edge of the polygon, and then the edge area A1 is processed by the point light source B1, and the filling area A2 is processed by the ring light source B2 formed by dynamic laser control, and finally the forming component model required to be processed for the current powder layer is formed.

[0064] like Figure 7 As shown, when the forming component model of the current powder layer is set as a pipeline, the forming component model is first divided into an edge area A1 and a filling area A2, wherein the edge area A1 is located at the inner contour edge of the pipeline, and then the edge area A1 is processed by the point light source B1, and the filling area A2 is processed by the ring light source B2 formed by dynamic laser control, and finally the forming component model required to be processed in the current powder layer is formed.

[0065] Furthermore, before the multi-material powder layer corresponding to the formed component model is formed, high-power laser high-frequency oscillation is used to form a uniform annular light source B2 to preheat the powder layer over a large area and adjust the stress distribution to prevent stress concentration.

[0066] Therefore, in order to realize the point-ring laser additive forming of brittle materials that are easy to crack and difficult to form, during the L-PBF forming process, the energy, size and other parameters of the ring light source of the point ring light source are adjusted to preheat and slowly cool the point light source forming area, thereby reducing the thermal tensile stress of the forming process, adjusting the stress distribution, preventing stress concentration, and thus reducing or eliminating forming defects.

[0067] Furthermore, the manufacturing and forming device also includes a forming process planning system, which is configured to divide the component according to one or more parameters in the component morphology and performance requirements to form the powder layer thickness during the component forming process and the laser process parameters corresponding to each layer. The laser process parameters include at least beam parameters.

[0068] First, before the component is formed, the forming process planning system will intelligently divide the structural characteristics of each part of the component based on the component characteristics and performance requirements and the process parameter library, so as to plan multiple process parameters such as the thickness of each layer of powder laying, the point ring laser process in each area, etc. in the component forming process.

[0069] Secondly, during the component forming process, the temperature, deformation and other defect data of the component forming process are monitored in real time and fed back to the forming process planning system to optimize the forming process.

[0070] Furthermore, the manufacturing and forming apparatus also includes a numerical simulation system, which is configured to simulate multiple data parameters collected in real time during the component forming process to dynamically adjust the pre-planned powder layer thickness and laser beam parameters required by the powder spreading device. Simultaneously, during the numerical simulation of the data parameters, a machine learning prediction model is used to predict the component's final morphology.

[0071] Based on defect data parameters such as temperature and deformation, the forming accuracy and organizational performance of the component are predicted through numerical simulation systems and machine learning prediction models. In the case of deviations from the normal threshold, timely feedback is given to the forming process planning system to adjust the forming process in real time.

[0072] At the same time, after the component is formed, the forming accuracy of the component is measured and the structural performance sampling test is carried out through numerical simulation systems, machine learning prediction models, etc. to detect whether the component forming accuracy and structural performance meet the expected indicators.

[0073] In the numerical simulation system and machine learning prediction model, it identifies areas that are easily deformed, unsupported, and prone to stress concentration, such as thin walls, cantilevers, and sharp corners based on the structural characteristics of the formed components, thereby predicting the overall stress-strain distribution during the component forming process, and planning the powder layer thickness-beam shaping coordinated control process, and adjusting the component stress distribution in real time to reduce forming defects and enhance the forming capability of L-PBF technology for structural features such as easily deformed, unsupported, and prone to stress concentration.

[0074] On this basis, through the coordinated regulation of powder layer thickness and beam shaping, the molten pool morphology, temperature field and flow field of the multi-material component forming process are controlled, and then the cooling rate, temperature gradient and thermal cycle of the tissue solidification and the forming process are controlled to optimize the tissue performance. For example, coarse columnar crystal structure is formed in high-temperature alloy blade components to improve high-temperature mechanical properties.

[0075] At the same time, for component reinforcement ribs, flange interfaces, gear teeth and other structures, during the forming process, by adjusting the local structure forming process parameters, the local structure organization is optimized to form a uniform and fine equiaxed crystal organization, thereby improving the local structure strength, fatigue, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and other properties, thereby improving the overall performance of the component.

[0076] In addition, if Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment also proposes a method for coordinated control of powder layer thickness and beam shaping in laser additive manufacturing, which includes the following steps:

[0077] S1. Planning the thickness of the powder layer for component forming and the corresponding laser process parameters according to the component shape. The laser process parameters include at least the beam shape and the spot diameter of the beam or the size of the molten pool formed by the beam.

[0078] S2. Real-time collection of multiple data parameters during the component forming process to dynamically adjust the pre-planned powder layer thickness;

[0079] S3. After determining the thickness of the powder layer required for the current laying, use a point light source and / or annular light source to emit a laser beam. The spot diameter or molten pool size formed by the laser beam is dynamically adjusted according to the thickness of the powder layer; and when a point light source and annular light source are used at the same time, the light beam emitted by the annular light source is used to preheat the laid powder, and the light beam emitted by the point light source is used to shape the component.

[0080] Among them, a laser optical path system with adjustable light source parameters is adopted, and the thickness of the L-PBF powder layer is coordinated and controlled layer by layer, so as to reduce forming defects, regulate the organizational properties of different parts of the component, and simultaneously improve the forming efficiency and forming accuracy.

[0081] In step S1, before the component is formed, the forming process planning system intelligently segments the structural features of each component part based on the component characteristics and performance requirements, using the process parameter library. This allows the system to plan multiple process parameters during the component forming process, such as the thickness of each powder layer and the beam shape in each area. The beam shape can include a point light source and / or a ring light source.

[0082] In step S2, based on data parameters such as temperature, deformation and defects, the component forming accuracy and organizational performance are predicted through numerical simulation systems, machine learning prediction models, etc. In the case of deviation from the normal threshold, timely feedback is given to the forming process planning system to adjust the forming process in real time.

[0083] At the same time, after the component is formed, the forming accuracy of the component is measured and the structural performance sampling test is carried out through numerical simulation systems, machine learning prediction models, etc. to detect whether the component forming accuracy and structural performance meet the expected indicators.

[0084] Furthermore, in step S3, a ring-shaped light source is used to emit a laser beam when the first predetermined powder layer thickness is set, and a point-shaped light source is used to emit a laser beam when the second predetermined powder layer thickness is set. Thus, leveraging the advantages of the point-shaped light source's high adjustability and fast switching speed, the melt pool morphology, temperature field, and flow field can be effectively adjusted, controlling component distribution, alleviating stress concentration, suppressing melt pool spatter, and improving melt path quality.

[0085] Therefore, through the coordinated regulation of laser additive powder layer thickness and beam shaping, combined with the structural characteristics and performance requirements of the component, the forming process strategy is planned for different areas of the component to achieve customized design and manufacturing of the component's organization and performance.

[0086] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the present invention. Persons skilled in the art may make various modifications, additions, or substitutions to the described specific embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention or exceeding the scope of the appended claims.

[0087] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the various components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0088] In addition, in the present invention, descriptions such as "first," "second," and "one" are for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply their relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0089] In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in this field can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions is mutually contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser additive manufacturing system for coordinated control of powder layer thickness and beam shaping, characterized in that: include: A light source device for emitting the laser beam required for component additive manufacturing, wherein the light source device is driven by an ultrasonic mechanism or a light modulator and adjusted by a mirror assembly to form a point light source and / or a ring light source; A manufacturing forming device comprising at least a powder spreading device and a monitoring system; the monitoring system is configured to collect multiple data parameters in real time during the component forming process to dynamically adjust the thickness of the powder layer to be laid by the pre-planned powder spreading device and the light beam emitted by the light source device; The light source device is configured to use a point light source and / or an annular light source to emit a laser beam when the manufacturing forming device determines the required powder layer thickness for laying. The spot diameter or molten pool size formed by the laser beam is dynamically adjusted according to the powder layer thickness. When the point light source and the annular light source are used simultaneously, the laid powder is preheated by the beam emitted by the annular light source, and the component is formed by the beam emitted by the point light source. The manufacturing and forming device also includes a numerical simulation system, which is configured to perform numerical simulation on multiple data parameters collected in real time during the component forming process to dynamically adjust the powder layer thickness and laser beam parameters required to be laid by the pre-planned powder laying device.

2. The laser additive manufacturing powder layer thickness and beam shaping coordinated control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mirror group is formed by one or more arrangements and combinations of a beam expander, a reflector, and a galvanometer. The spot diameter or molten pool size formed by the laser beam is adjusted by the mirror group.

3. The laser additive manufacturing powder layer thickness and beam shaping coordinated control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The light source device includes a light path combining component, which combines the independently formed point light source and the ring light source into a point ring light source.

4. The laser additive manufacturing powder layer thickness and beam shaping coordinated control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the first preset powder layer thickness is determined, a ring light source is used to emit a laser beam, and when the second preset powder layer thickness is determined, a point light source is used to emit a laser beam.

5. The laser additive manufacturing powder layer thickness and beam shaping coordinated control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The point light source is coaxially arranged with the annular light source.

6. The laser additive manufacturing powder layer thickness and beam shaping coordinated control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The manufacturing and forming device also includes a forming process planning system, which is configured to divide the component according to one or more parameters in the component morphology and performance requirements to form the powder layer thickness during the component forming process and the laser process parameters corresponding to each layer, and the laser process parameters include at least beam parameters.

7. The laser additive manufacturing powder layer thickness and beam shaping coordinated control system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The forming process planning system is based on a preset process database to form the powder layer thickness during the component forming process and the laser process parameters corresponding to each layer.

8. The laser additive manufacturing powder layer thickness and beam shaping coordinated control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When numerically simulating the data parameters, a machine learning prediction model is used to predict the forming morphology of the component.

9. A method for coordinated control of powder layer thickness and beam shaping in laser additive manufacturing, characterized in that: Including steps: Planning the thickness of the powder layer for component forming and the corresponding laser process parameters according to the component shape, wherein the laser process parameters include at least the beam shape and the spot diameter of the beam or the size of the molten pool formed by the beam; Real-time collection of multiple data parameters during the component forming process to dynamically adjust the pre-planned powder layer thickness; After determining the thickness of the powder layer currently being laid, a point light source and / or an annular light source is used to emit a laser beam, wherein the spot diameter or the size of the molten pool formed by the laser beam is dynamically adjusted according to the thickness of the powder layer. When both a point light source and an annular light source are used, the light beam emitted by the annular light source is used to preheat the laid powder, and the light beam emitted by the point light source is used to shape the component. And perform numerical simulation on multiple data parameters collected in real time to dynamically adjust the powder layer thickness and laser process parameters required by the pre-planned powder spreading device.

10. The method for coordinated control of powder layer thickness and beam shaping in laser additive manufacturing according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the first preset powder layer thickness is determined, a ring light source is used to emit a laser beam, and when the second preset powder layer thickness is determined, a point light source is used to emit a laser beam.

11. The method for coordinated control of powder layer thickness and beam shaping in laser additive manufacturing according to claim 9, characterized in that: The component is segmented according to one or more parameters in the component morphology and performance requirements to form the powder layer thickness during the component forming process and the laser process parameters corresponding to each layer.

12. The method for coordinated control of powder layer thickness and beam shaping in laser additive manufacturing according to claim 9, characterized in that: When numerically simulating the data parameters, a machine learning prediction model is used to predict the forming morphology of the component.

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