Modularized pneumatic expansion type guiding and rapid fixing device for automatic feeding drill

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of machining equipment, and provides a modularized pneumatic expansion type guiding and rapid fixing device for an automatic feeding drill. According to the pneumatic expansion type guiding and rapid fixing device for the automatic feeding drill, the connecting rod is driven through the air cylinder, pushing / pulling force of the air cylinder is transmitted to the outer taper pulling base, the outer taper sleeve is driven to move in the axis direction, the outer taper sleeve is expanded and loosened due to opposite movement between the conical surfaces of the inner taper sleeve and the outer taper sleeve, and therefore clamping and disassembling at a target hole site are achieved. The device can be integrated on portable automatic drilling equipment, rapid and stable clamping of the automatic drilling equipment relative to a drilling tool is achieved, the drilling machining stability is guaranteed, and meanwhile efficiency and drilling precision are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of processing equipment and relates to a modular automatic feeding drill pneumatic expansion type guiding and rapid fixing device. Background Art

[0002] In fields such as aerospace, to ensure the high-reliability assembly and high-performance service between large equipment structural parts, it is necessary to efficiently machine tens of thousands of connection holes with high precision and high surface quality. And the hole-making process is mostly carried out at the assembly site with limited space. The machining accessibility of traditional numerically controlled machine tools, industrial robotic arms, etc. is poor; the manual machining method has cumbersome steps, low machining efficiency, and relies on workers' experience, making it difficult to ensure the hole-making precision and stability; while portable automatic processing equipment, with its small size and high flexibility, has become the mainstream method for high-quality and high-efficiency machining internationally. Existing automatic hole-making equipment requires workers to hold the equipment to achieve the cooperation between the drill and the drill jig tooling. During the continuous machining process of workers, the labor intensity is high and the hole-making efficiency is low. Therefore, it is necessary to develop equipment suitable for the rapid and stable positioning and rapid disassembly and assembly of small-sized processing equipment and drill jig tooling.

[0003] Currently, Matou Power Company has developed this type of product for realizing the rapid clamping of a pneumatic feeding drill on a drill template. This product uses air source power and relies on the movement of the end collet relative to the inner conical surface to cause the collet to expand and the outer diameter to increase, thereby completing the clamping process on the drill template. This product relies on the cylinder to push the inner cone to move relative to the collet, causing the collet to deform and expand and pressing against the inner hole of the drill template. However, the design of the active movement of the inner cone occupies too much space and affects stability. Zheng Huaqiang et al. from Shanghai Makelo Automation Technology Co., Ltd. invented an "expansion chuck for EDU drilling equipment" with the patent number "CN202320115031.6". This invention is powered by a cylinder and uses an inclined chute to convert the telescopic movement of the cylinder from perpendicular to the axial direction to the axial direction, thereby driving the elastic chuck to move axially along the tapered head with a taper, so that the elastic chuck can expand radially to clamp the inner hole of the drill template, thereby achieving the purpose of fixation. This invention uses all sliding pair connections, has low efficiency, and is not suitable for large loads. Wang Zhirong et al. from Jinhua Sheng Paper Co., Ltd. (Suzhou Industrial Park) invented an "expansion chuck" with the patent number "201620614788.X". This invention forms a connecting chuck seat by splicing chuck units and controls expansion and compression by elastic elements at the outer surface groove, thereby eliminating the gap between the chuck seat and the paper core. The intermediate joint and the connecting chuck seat adopt a taper fit, thereby eliminating the gap between the intermediate joint and the connecting joint. This invention has a simple structure but is used to eliminate gaps and has a low degree of automation.

[0004] In summary, to reduce the labor intensity of workers, improve the hole-making processing efficiency, and meet the requirements of precise guiding, stable fixing, and rapid disassembly and assembly between miniaturized processing equipment and hole-making tooling, it is urgent to develop a modular guiding and fixing device with a compact structure, high degree of automation, and fast and stable operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To meet the requirements of rapid positioning and clamping of miniaturized automatic-feed drilling equipment, the present invention provides a modular automatic-feed drilling pneumatic expansion type guiding and rapid fixing device.

[0006] Technical solution of the present invention:

[0007] A modular automatic-feed drilling pneumatic expansion type guiding and rapid fixing device includes a main body connection part and a working part;

[0008] The main body connection part includes a base shaft 1, a lining steel sleeve 2, and a base 3;

[0009] The working part includes a pin shaft 4, an oil-free bushing 5, a hinge pin 6, a connecting rod 7, an outer cone pull seat 8, an outer cone pull buckle 9, an inner cone sleeve 10, an outer cone sleeve 11, a cylinder 12, a cylinder adapter 13, and a bolt 14;

[0010] The bottom of the cylinder adapter 13 is connected to the top of the cylinder 12. Two symmetric short shafts 13a are provided at the top of the cylinder adapter 13. The mating grooves 3b on both sides of the base 3 are mated with the short shafts 13a on both sides of the cylinder adapter 13. The lower surface of the base 3 and the upper surface of the cylinder 12 are connected by bolts 14. The base shaft 1 is concentrically mated with the base 3. The middle flange surface of the base shaft 1 contacts the mating surface of the base 3, and the base 3 and the middle flange of the base shaft 1 are connected by bolts 14. The lining steel sleeve 2 is concentrically mated with the base shaft 1;

[0011] The connecting rod 7 is of a triangular structure, and there are two in total, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base 3. Pin holes 7a, notch A 7b, and notch B 7c are provided at the three vertices of the connecting rod 7. The connecting rod 7 is connected to the short shaft 13a of the cylinder adapter through notch B 7c. After the hinge pin 6 passes through the light hole on the outer cone pull seat 8 and notch A 7b on the connecting rod 7 in sequence, it is fastened with a nut. The oil-free bushing 5 is concentrically mated with the mating hole 3a of the base 3. The pin shaft 4 passes through the oil-free bushing 5 and the pin hole 7a on the connecting rod 7, and the connecting rod 7 is fixed to the base 3 by bolts;

[0012] The external thread of the inner cone sleeve 10 is connected to the internal thread of the base shaft 1. The base shaft 1 is concentrically mated with the outer cone pull seat 8. The inner conical surface of the outer cone sleeve 11 contacts the outer conical surface of the inner cone sleeve 10. The bottom surface of the outer cone sleeve 11 contacts the flange surface of the inner cone sleeve 10. The internal thread of the outer cone pull buckle 9 is connected to the external thread of the outer cone pull seat 8 to clamp the flange on the outer cone sleeve 11;

[0013] When the cylinder connecting piece 13 moves up and down along with the cylinder 12, the connecting rod 7 rotates with the pin shaft hole 7a as the fulcrum, and is converted into the pulling force or pushing force of the hinge pin 6 along the direction of the base shaft.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer tapered sleeve 11 is of a cylindrical structure, and its inner surface has a certain taper to cooperate with the outer surface of the inner tapered sleeve 10. Multiple expansion slots are opened from both ends of the outer tapered sleeve 11 to the middle, and the expansion slots at both ends are arranged alternately at intervals; the feed drill is installed at the end of the base shaft 1 through the shaft hole, and the notch A 7b and notch B 7c on the connecting rod 7 are respectively matched with the hinge pin 6 and the short shaft 13a, converting the downward or upward movement of the cylinder 12 and the cylinder adapter 13 into the axial movement of the outer tapered sleeve 11, causing the outer tapered sleeve 11 to move towards the large-diameter side or small-diameter side of the inner tapered sleeve 10, resulting in the expansion or relaxation of the outer tapered sleeve 11, realizing the clamping or disassembly of the drill template 17, and realizing the rapid positioning and fixing of the feed drill through the force generated by the pressing of the outer cylindrical surface of the outer tapered sleeve 11 against the hole wall of the drill template 17.

[0015] Furthermore, the inner part of the base shaft 1 is lined with an inner lining steel sleeve 2, a circular flange with a through hole is provided in the middle section, and corresponding threaded holes are provided on the base 3 for positioning and fastening with the base 3. The front end of the base shaft 1 is provided with a positioning surface to cooperate with the flange surface of the inner tapered sleeve 10.

[0016] The beneficial effect of the present invention is to provide a modular automatic feed drill pneumatic expansion type guiding and rapid fixing device. The feed drill is installed at the end of the base shaft, and the connecting rod transmits the power of the cylinder to drive the outer tapered seat, outer tapered buckle, and the whole outer tapered sleeve in the inner and outer tapered sleeves to move towards the large-diameter side or small-diameter side of the inner tapered sleeve along the axis direction of the base shaft. The relative movement between the tapered surfaces causes the outer tapered sleeve to expand or relax, thereby realizing the clamping / dismantling at the target hole position. If the size of the target hole changes, only the inner tapered sleeve, outer tapered sleeve, and outer tapered buckle need to be replaced to change the working size. This device can realize the rapid and stable positioning and fixing of the small automatic feed drilling equipment on the processing fixture, greatly shortening the installation time of the small automatic feed drilling equipment, improving the positioning accuracy, and ensuring the processing accuracy and quality. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 is an exploded schematic view of a modular automatic feed drill pneumatic expansion type guiding and rapid fixing device of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is a sectional view of the expansion tapered sleeve of a modular automatic feed drill pneumatic expansion type guiding and rapid fixing device of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 is a structural schematic view of the connecting rod;

[0020] Figure 4 is a structural schematic view of the cylinder adapter;

[0021] Figure 5 Structural schematic diagram of the base

[0022] Figure 6 General assembly drawing of a modular automatic feed drill pneumatic expansion type guiding and quick fixing device of the present invention

[0023] Figure 7 General external view of the assembly of a modular automatic feed drill pneumatic expansion type guiding and quick fixing device of the present invention and an automatic feed drill

[0024] Figure 8 Mounting schematic diagram of a modular automatic feed drill pneumatic expansion type guiding and quick fixing device of the present invention on a drill template

[0025] In the figure: 1 base shaft; 2 inner lining steel sleeve; 3 base; 3a mating hole; 3b mating groove; 4 pin shaft; 5 oil-free bushing; 6 hinge pin; 7 connecting rod; 7a pin shaft hole; 7b notch A; 7c notch B; 8 outer cone pull seat; 9 outer cone pull buckle; 10 inner cone sleeve; 11 outer cone sleeve; 12 cylinder; 13 cylinder adapter; 13a short shaft; 14 bolt; 15 feed drill drive module; 16 feed drill power module; 17 drill template Specific embodiments

[0026] The following further describes the specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings and technical solutions

[0027] Embodiment 1

[0028] Refer to Figures 1 to 3 , a modular automatic feed drill pneumatic expansion type guiding and quick fixing device, comprising:

[0029] Such as Figure 1 shown, a modular automatic feed drill pneumatic expansion type guiding and quick fixing device, comprising a base shaft 1, an inner lining steel sleeve 2, a base 3, a pin shaft 4, an oil-free bushing 5, a hinge pin 6, a connecting rod 7, an outer cone pull seat 8, an outer cone pull buckle 9, an inner cone sleeve 10, an outer cone sleeve 11, a cylinder 12, a cylinder adapter 13 and a bolt 14

[0030] In this embodiment, the end of the base shaft 1 is connected to an automatic feed drill, and the inner threaded central hole at the front end is connected to the external thread on the inner conical sleeve 10. The cylinder connecting piece 13 is connected to the threaded hole at the top of the cylinder 12 through the external thread at the bottom. The mating grooves 3b on both sides of the base 3 are matched with the short shafts 13a on both sides of the cylinder connecting piece 13. The bottom surface of the base 3 contacts the upper surface of the cylinder 12. Four bolts 14 are used to connect the four light holes at the bottom of the base 3 and the four threaded holes on the upper surface of the cylinder 12. In combination with the outer cylindrical surface of the base shaft 1 and the inner cylindrical surface of the base 3, until the flange surface in the middle of the base shaft 1 contacts the mating surface of the base 3, the base 3 is connected to the middle flange of the base shaft 1 through the bolt 14. The inner steel bushing 2 is fitted with its inner cylindrical surface along the axis from the other side of the base shaft 1; the hinge pin 6 starts from the inside of the outer cone pull seat 8 and sequentially passes through the light hole on one side of the outer cone pull seat 8 and the notch 7b on the connecting rod 7 until it is fastened with a nut on the outside of the outer cone pull seat 8. Repeat this process on the other side of the outer cone pull seat 8; connect the external thread on the inner conical sleeve 10 to the inner threaded central hole of the base shaft 1, match the outer cylindrical surface of the base shaft 1 with the inner cylindrical surface of the outer cone pull seat 8, match the inner conical surface of the outer conical sleeve 11 with the outer conical surface of the inner conical sleeve 10, and the outer cone pull buckle 9 is connected to the external thread of the outer cone pull seat 8 along the axis of the base shaft 1 to clamp the flange of the outer conical sleeve 11; when the outer cone pull seat 8 is driven to move leftward, the outer conical sleeve 11 moves leftward and presses against the inner conical sleeve 10, and the outer surface of the outer conical sleeve 11 expands to achieve clamping of the target hole position. The oil-free bushings 5 are respectively installed into the mating holes 3a on both sides of the base 3. The pin shaft 4 sequentially passes through the pin shaft holes 7a on the connecting rod 7, the mating hole above the base 3, and the oil-free bushing 5 until it is fastened with a nut on the outside of the pin shaft hole 7a on the other side connecting rod 7. In combination with the notch 7c on the connecting rod 7 and the short shaft 13a on the cylinder connecting piece 13, the bolt 14 is connected to the internal threaded hole of the short shaft 13a for limiting, and repeat this operation on the other side. If the size of the target hole changes, only the inner conical sleeve 10, the outer conical sleeve 11, and the outer cone pull buckle 9 need to be replaced to change the working size.

[0031] In this embodiment, during operation, the outer conical sleeve 11 is inserted into the target hole position. The cylinder 12 is connected to an external device to generate a thrust or pull force in the vertical direction, driving the short shaft 13a on the cylinder connecting piece 13 to move vertically along the mating groove 3b on the base 3. At the same time, the short shaft 13a slides in the notch 7c of the connecting rod 7, converting the vertical thrust or pull force of the cylinder 12 into a moment of the connecting rod 7 around the pin shaft 4, and then into a pull force or push force in the direction of the axis of the base shaft 1 given by the notch 7b to the hinge pin 6.

[0032] In this embodiment, the outer tapered sleeve 11 is of a cylindrical structure, and its inner surface has a certain taper and is matched with the outer surface of the inner tapered sleeve 10. Multiple expansion joints are arranged at intervals alternately from both ends of the outer tapered sleeve 11 towards the middle. The outer tapered seat 8, the outer tapered buckle 9, and the outer tapered sleeve 11 can move as a whole along the axial direction of the base shaft 1. After the pin shaft 6 is subjected to a tensile force or a thrust force along the axial direction of the base shaft 1, it drives the outer tapered seat 8, the outer tapered buckle 9, and the outer tapered sleeve 11 as a whole to move towards the large-diameter side or the small-diameter side of the inner tapered sleeve 10 along the axial direction of the base shaft 1. Due to the relative movement between the tapered surfaces, the outer tapered sleeve 11 expands or relaxes, thereby realizing clamping or disassembly at the target hole position.

[0033] In this embodiment, a lining steel sleeve 2 is lined inside the base shaft 1, a circular flange with a through hole is provided in the middle section, and corresponding threaded holes are provided on the base 3 for positioning and fastening with the base 3. A positioning surface is provided at the front end of the base shaft 1 to cooperate with the flange surface of the inner tapered sleeve; a mating hole 3a is provided on the base 3 for mating with the base shaft 1, and a mating groove 3b is provided to cooperate with the short shafts 13a on both sides of the cylinder connecting member 13. The bottom surface of the base 3 is connected to the upper surface of the cylinder 12 by bolts. A mating hole 3a is provided at the front end of the base 3, and an oil-free bushing 5 and a pin shaft 4 are lined inside, and cooperate with the pin hole 7a of the connecting rod 7 as the rotation center of the connecting rod.

[0034] In this embodiment, the inner tapered sleeve 10 and the base shaft 1 are concentrically matched by threads. The reference surface of the outer tapered sleeve 11 contacts the positioning convex table surfaces of the outer tapered seat 8 and the outer tapered buckle 9. The outer tapered seat 8 and the outer tapered buckle 9 are threadedly matched to clamp the outer tapered sleeve 11 to achieve concentric matching. The inner tapered sleeve 10 and the outer tapered sleeve 11 achieve concentric matching through tight fitting of the inner and outer tapered surfaces. The outer tapered sleeve 11 is concentrically matched with the target hole on the drill template 17 to achieve coaxiality between the fixture and the target hole position, and complete the guiding function.

[0035] In this embodiment, the cylinder connecting member 13 is connected to the top threaded hole of the cylinder 12 through an external thread at the bottom. Its short shaft 13a passes through the notch 7c of the connecting rod 7. The end surface of the short shaft 13a coincides with the outer surface of the mating groove 3b on the base 3. The bolt 14 is connected to the internal threaded hole of the short shaft 13a for axial limit, realizing the complete transmission from the up and down movement of the cylinder 12 to the axial movement of the outer tapered sleeve 11.

Claims

1. A modular automatic-feed drill pneumatic expansion type guiding and rapid fixing device, characterized in that, The automatic feeding drill pneumatic expansion type guiding and quick fixing device comprises a main body connecting part and a working part; The main body connecting part comprises a base shaft (1), a lining steel sleeve (2) and a base (3); The working part comprises a pin shaft (4), an oil-free bushing (5), a hinge pin (6), a connecting rod (7), an outer cone pulling seat (8), an outer cone pulling buckle (9), an inner cone sleeve (10), an outer cone sleeve (11), a cylinder (12), a cylinder adapter (13) and a bolt (14); The bottom of the cylinder adapter (13) is connected with the top of the cylinder (12), and two symmetric short shafts (13a) are arranged at the top of the cylinder adapter (13); the mating grooves (3b) on both sides of the base (3) are mated with the short shafts (13a) on both sides of the cylinder adapter (13), and the lower surface of the base (3) is connected with the upper surface of the cylinder (12) by bolts (14); the base shaft (1) is concentrically mated with the base (3), the middle flange surface of the base shaft (1) contacts the mating surface of the base (3), and the base (3) and the middle flange of the base shaft (1) are connected by bolts (14); the lining steel sleeve (2) is concentrically mated with the base shaft (1); The connecting rod (7) is of a triangular structure, and there are two in total, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base (3); pin holes (7a), notch A (7b) and notch B (7c) are arranged at the three vertices of the connecting rod (7); the connecting rod (7) is connected with the short shaft (13a) of the cylinder adapter through notch B (7c); the hinge pin (6) passes through the light hole on the outer cone pulling seat (8) and notch A (7b) on the connecting rod (7) in sequence and is fastened with a nut; the oil-free bushing (5) is concentrically mated with the mating hole (3a) of the base (3); the pin shaft (4) passes through the oil-free bushing (5) and the pin hole (7a) on the connecting rod (7), and the connecting rod (7) is fixed on the base (3) by bolts; The external thread of the inner cone sleeve (10) is connected with the internal thread of the base shaft (1), the base shaft (1) is concentrically mated with the outer cone pulling seat (8), the inner conical surface of the outer cone sleeve (11) contacts the outer conical surface of the inner cone sleeve (10), the bottom surface of the outer cone sleeve (11) contacts the flange surface of the inner cone sleeve (10), and the internal thread of the outer cone pulling buckle (9) is connected with the external thread of the outer cone pulling seat (8) to clamp the flange on the outer cone sleeve (11); When the cylinder adapter (13) moves up and down along with the cylinder (12), the connecting rod (7) rotates with the pin hole (7a) as the fulcrum, and is converted into the pulling force or pushing force of the hinge pin (6) along the direction of the base shaft.

2. The modular automatic-feed drill pneumatic expansion type guiding and quick-fixing device according to the claim, characterized in that The outer taper sleeve (11) is of a cylindrical structure, and its inner surface has a certain taper to fit with the outer surface of the inner taper sleeve (10). Multiple expansion slots are provided from both ends of the outer taper sleeve (11) towards the middle, and the expansion slots at both ends are arranged alternately at intervals; the feed drill is installed at the end of the base shaft (1) through a shaft hole. The notch A (7b) and notch B (7c) on the connecting rod (7) are respectively fitted with the hinge pin (6) and the short shaft (13a), converting the downward or upward movement of the air cylinder (12) and the air cylinder adapter (13) into the axial movement of the outer taper sleeve (11), causing the outer taper sleeve (11) to move towards the large-diameter side or the small-diameter side of the inner taper sleeve (10), resulting in the expansion or relaxation of the outer taper sleeve (11), realizing the clamping or disassembly with the drill template (17). Through the force generated by pressing the outer cylindrical surface of the outer taper sleeve (11) against the hole wall of the drill template (17), the rapid positioning and fixing of the feed drill are achieved.

3. The modular automatic feed drill pneumatic expansion type guiding and rapid fixing device according to the claim, characterized in that, The inner part of the base shaft (1) is lined with a lining steel sleeve (2), and a circular flange with a through hole is provided in the middle section. Corresponding threaded holes are provided on the base (3) for positioning and fastening with the base (3). A positioning surface is provided at the front end of the base shaft (1) to fit with the flange surface of the inner taper sleeve (10).

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