Additive hot melting device

Abstract

The invention provides an additive hot melting device which comprises a hot melting machine cavity main body structure, an additive nozzle structure, a gear pump, a feeding propulsion motor, a feeding pipe, a double-gear supercharger, an auxiliary material connecting three-way pipe and a feeding throat pipe, and the additive nozzle structure is in threaded connection to the middle position of the lower portion of the hot melting machine cavity main body structure and communicates with the interior of the hot melting machine cavity main body structure; the gear pump is in screw connection with the left lower side of the front part of the fuse machine cavity main body structure; the lower end of the feeding pipe is connected to the output end of the feeding propelling motor in a sleeved mode and locked and fixed through a stainless steel hoop piece. By designing the melting cavity with the spiral flow guide groove (enhancing material mixing) and the gear feeding mechanism integrated with the pressure sensor, the melting efficiency is greatly improved, so that the printing speed is increased, the temperature field distribution is uniform, the forming precision is improved, the consumable compatibility is improved, and the 3D printer is suitable for various materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and particularly relates to an additive hot melting device. Background Art

[0002] Additive manufacturing technology refers to a scientific and technological system that directly manufactures parts driven by three-dimensional data of parts based on the principle of discrete accumulation. Based on different classification principles and understanding methods, additive manufacturing technology also has various names such as rapid prototyping, rapid prototyping, rapid manufacturing, 3D printing, etc. Its connotation is still deepening continuously, and its extension is also constantly expanding. The "additive manufacturing" mentioned here has the same meaning as "rapid prototyping" and "rapid manufacturing". The industrial LSF-V large-scale laser solid forming equipment, the so-called digital additive manufacturing technology, is a new three-dimensional solid rapid free-form manufacturing technology, which combines the advantages of high technologies such as computer graphics processing, digital information and control, laser technology, mechatronics technology, and material technology.

[0003] The hot melting device uses a high-temperature heat source (such as a laser, an electron beam, or a heating nozzle) to heat solid materials (usually plastic filaments, metal powders, etc.) above the melting point to form a molten state. However, the existing additive hot melting structure still has problems such as low melting efficiency resulting in limited printing speed, uneven temperature field distribution affecting the forming accuracy, and poor consumable compatibility, making it difficult to adapt to a variety of materials.

[0004] In view of this, it is very necessary to invent an additive hot melting device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an additive hot melting device to solve the problems of low melting efficiency of the existing additive hot melting structure resulting in limited printing speed, uneven temperature field distribution affecting the forming accuracy, and poor consumable compatibility, making it difficult to adapt to a variety of materials.

[0006] An additive hot melting device includes a main structure of the hot melting machine cavity, an additive nozzle structure, a gear pump, a feeding propulsion motor, a feeding pipe, a double-gear supercharger, an auxiliary material connection three-way pipe, and a feeding throat pipe. The additive nozzle structure is threadedly connected to the lower middle position of the main structure of the hot melting machine cavity and is in communication with its interior; the gear pump is screwed to the lower left front side of the main structure of the hot melting machine cavity; the lower end of the feeding pipe is sleeved on the output end of the feeding propulsion motor and is locked and fixed with a stainless steel hoop; the upper end of the feeding pipe is sleeved on the feeding end of the double-gear supercharger and is locked and fixed with a stainless steel hoop; the auxiliary material connection three-way pipe is sleeved between the double-gear supercharger and the feeding throat pipe; the feeding throat pipe is threadedly connected to the left side of the main structure of the hot melting machine cavity.

[0007] Preferably, the main structure of the hot melt machine cavity includes a hot melt machine base, and a rear heating cavity and a front heating cavity are screwed inside the hot melt machine base, and a temperature sensor is screwed to the right side at the middle position inside the hot melt machine base.

[0008] Preferably, a plug-in filter plate is inserted into the upper left side of the hot melt machine base, a top plug is screwed to the right end of the hot melt machine base, a pressure relief valve is screwed to the middle position of the upper part of the hot melt machine base, and a pressure relief through hole is longitudinally opened at the middle position on the upper side inside the hot melt machine base.

[0009] Preferably, a feed channel is opened at the middle position on the left side inside the hot melt machine base, an extrusion molding channel is opened at the middle position on the lower side inside the hot melt machine base, an additional gear cavity is opened at the lower left side inside the hot melt machine base, and an auxiliary heat preservation cavity is screwed to the lower right side inside the hot melt machine base.

[0010] Preferably, the additive nozzle structure includes a nozzle body, a connecting threaded pipe, a nozzle vibrator, a detachable nozzle, a pressure sensor and a boosting nozzle. The connecting threaded pipe is integrally cast on the upper part of the nozzle body and is communicated with each other. The nozzle vibrator is screwed to the middle position on the lower side of the front part of the nozzle body. The detachable nozzle is screwed to the lower part of the nozzle body. The pressure sensor is embedded inside the detachable nozzle. The boosting nozzle is screwed to the lower part of the detachable nozzle.

[0011] Preferably, the nozzle body, the connecting threaded pipe, the detachable nozzle and the boosting nozzle are communicated with each other.

[0012] Preferably, a limiting block is screwed to the left side inside the feed channel. There are four limiting blocks and they are symmetrically arranged in two groups, upper and lower. A channel narrowing part is arranged on the right side of the feed channel.

[0013] Preferably, the extrusion molding channel is arranged in an inverted horn shape and is communicated with the inside of the pressure relief through hole and the feed channel respectively.

[0014] Preferably, the connecting threaded pipe is screwed to the lower side inside the extrusion molding channel.

[0015] Preferably, the pressure relief valve is screwed to the upper part of the pressure relief through hole.

[0016] Preferably, the feed throat pipe is screwed to the left side of the feed channel.

[0017] Preferably, the inner walls of the feed channel and the extrusion molding channel adopt an asymmetric fin structure.

[0018] Preferably, ceramic infrared heating coils are provided in the rear heating chamber and the front heating chamber.

[0019] Preferably, the feeding channel and the extrusion molding channel integrally form a melting cavity, and an eddy current diversion structure is arranged in the melting cavity. The eddy current diversion structure is arranged in an Archimedean spiral, and the inclination angle is 15°-25°.

[0020] Preferably, the caliber of the boosting nozzle is set to be 0.2-1.0 mm.

[0021] Preferably, the feeding throat pipe is a wedge-shaped titanium alloy pipe, and the inner wall is polished (Ra≤0.8μm).

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The additive hot melting device of the present invention can improve the melting efficiency by more than 40%, the printing layer thickness accuracy reaches ±0.02 mm, which is suitable for micro-nano scale printing, and can support the switching of 6 materials such as PLA / ABS / nylon, and seamlessly switch materials such as PLA / ABS / PC / TPU (without manual adjustment of hardware), low-temperature materials do not carbonize (PLA is precisely temperature-controlled at 190°C to avoid overheating degradation of the traditional hot end), and high-temperature materials are fully melted (PC works stably at 310°C without the risk of cold blockage); it has a long-term anti-blocking design (innovation point: eddy current melting + self-cleaning system), and continuous printing without blockage; energy efficiency and speed optimization (innovation point: dual-zone heating + eddy current assistance), reducing heating energy consumption and increasing the heating rate; in summary, the additive hot melting device is designed with a melting cavity with a spiral diversion groove (enhancing material mixing), a gear feeding mechanism integrated with a pressure sensor, greatly improving the melting efficiency and thus the printing speed, the temperature field distribution is uniform, improving the forming accuracy and the consumable compatibility is improved, so as to adapt to a variety of materials. Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 is the test structural schematic diagram of the main body structure of the hot melting machine cavity of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 is the side sectional structural schematic diagram of the main body structure of the hot melting machine cavity of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 is the top sectional structural schematic diagram of the main body structure of the hot melting machine cavity of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 is the top sectional structural schematic diagram of the additive nozzle structure of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1. Main structure of the hot melt machine cavity; 10. Hot melt machine base; 101. Rear heating cavity; 102. Front heating cavity; 103. Temperature sensor; 11. Plug-in filter disk; 12. Top plug; 13. Pressure relief valve; 14. Pressure relief through hole; 15. Feeding channel; 16. Extrusion molding channel; 17. Increased gear cavity; 18. Auxiliary heat preservation cavity; 151. Limit stop; 152. Narrow part of the channel; 2. Additive nozzle structure; 21. Nozzle body; 22. Connecting threaded pipe; 23. Nozzle vibrator; 24. Detachable nozzle; 25. Pressure sensor; 26. Boosting nozzle; 3. Gear pump; 4. Feeding propulsion motor; 5. Feeding pipe; 6. Double gear booster; 7. Auxiliary material connecting tee; 8. Feeding throat pipe. Detailed implementation manners

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: Embodiment

[0030] As shown in the attached Figure 1 to the attached Figure 5 As shown, the present invention provides an additive hot melt device, including a main structure 1 of the hot melt machine cavity, an additive nozzle structure 2, a gear pump 3, a feeding propulsion motor 4, a feeding pipe 5, a double gear booster 6, an auxiliary material connecting tee 7 and a feeding throat pipe 8. The additive nozzle structure 2 is threadedly connected to the middle position at the lower part of the main structure 1 of the hot melt machine cavity and is communicated with its interior; the gear pump 3 is screw-connected to the lower left side at the front of the main structure 1 of the hot melt machine cavity; the lower end of the feeding pipe 5 is sleeved on the output end of the feeding propulsion motor 4 and is locked and fixed with a stainless steel hoop; the upper end of the feeding pipe 5 is sleeved on the feeding end of the double gear booster 6 and is locked and fixed with a stainless steel hoop; the auxiliary material connecting tee 7 is sleeved between the double gear booster 6 and the feeding throat pipe 8; the feeding throat pipe 8 is threadedly connected to the left side of the main structure 1 of the hot melt machine cavity.

[0031] In the above embodiment, specifically, the main structure 1 of the hot melt machine cavity includes a hot melt machine base 10. The interior of the hot melt machine base 10 is screw-connected with a rear heating cavity 101 and a front heating cavity 102, and a temperature sensor 103 is screw-connected to the right side at the middle position inside the hot melt machine base 10.

[0032] In the above embodiment, specifically, a plug-in filter disk 11 is inserted into the upper left side of the hot melt machine base 10, a top plug 12 is threadedly connected to the right end of the hot melt machine base 10, a pressure relief valve 13 is threadedly connected to the middle position at the upper part of the hot melt machine base 10, and a pressure relief through hole 14 is longitudinally opened at the middle position on the upper side inside the hot melt machine base 10.

[0033] In the above embodiments, specifically, a feeding channel 15 is provided at the middle position on the left side inside the hot melt machine base 10, an extrusion molding channel 16 is provided at the middle position on the lower side inside the hot melt machine base 10, an additional gear cavity 17 is provided at the lower left side inside the hot melt machine base 10, and an auxiliary heat preservation cavity 18 is screwed and connected at the lower right side inside the hot melt machine base 10.

[0034] In the above embodiments, specifically, the additive nozzle structure 2 includes a nozzle body 21, a connecting threaded pipe 22, a nozzle vibrator 23, a detachable nozzle 24, a pressure sensor 25, and a boosting nozzle 26. The connecting threaded pipe 22 is integrally cast on the upper part of the nozzle body 21 and is arranged in communication with each other; the nozzle vibrator 23 is screwed and connected at the middle position on the lower side of the front part of the nozzle body 21; the detachable nozzle 24 is threadedly connected to the lower part of the nozzle body 21; the pressure sensor 25 is embedded inside the detachable nozzle 24; and the boosting nozzle 26 is threadedly connected to the lower part of the detachable nozzle 24.

[0035] In the above embodiments, specifically, the nozzle body 21, the connecting threaded pipe 22, the detachable nozzle 24, and the boosting nozzle 26 are arranged in communication with each other.

[0036] In the above embodiments, specifically, a limiting stop block 151 is screwed and connected at the left side inside the feeding channel 15. There are four limiting stop blocks 151 and they are symmetrically arranged in two groups, upper and lower; a channel narrowing part 152 is provided on the right side of the feeding channel 15; the extrusion molding channel 16 is arranged in an inverted horn shape and is respectively in communication with the pressure relief through hole 14 and the inside of the feeding channel 15.

[0037] In the above embodiments, specifically, the connecting threaded pipe 22 is threadedly connected to the lower side inside the extrusion molding channel 16.

[0038] In the above embodiments, specifically, the pressure relief valve 13 is threadedly connected to the upper part of the pressure relief through hole 14.

[0039] In the above embodiments, specifically, the feeding throat pipe 8 is threadedly connected to the left side of the feeding channel 15; the inner walls of the feeding channel 15 and the extrusion molding channel 16 adopt an asymmetric fin structure; the feeding channel 15 and the extrusion molding channel 16 together form a melting cavity, and an eddy current diversion structure is arranged in the melting cavity. The eddy current diversion structure is arranged in an Archimedean spiral and the inclination angle is 15° - 25°.

[0040] In the above embodiments, specifically, ceramic infrared heating coils are provided in the rear heating cavity 101 and the front heating cavity 102.

[0041] In the above embodiments, specifically, the diameter of the pressurizing nozzle 26 is set to be 0.2 - 1.0 mm.

[0042] In the above embodiments, specifically, the feed throat pipe 8 is a wedge-shaped titanium alloy pipe with its inner wall polished (Ra ≤ 0.8 μm).

[0043] Through the data comparison of Example 1, as shown in Table 1 and Table 2 below: Parameter Traditional hot melt machine This design scheme Improvement range Minimum layer thickness 0.1mm 0.05mm 50% Energy consumption ratio 1.2kW / h 0.8kW / h 33%↓ Continuous working duration ≤72 hours ≥200 hours 178%↑ Table 1 Index Traditional hot end This design scheme Improvement range Highest heating rate 5℃ / s 12℃ / s 140%↑ Temperature stability ±2℃ ±0.3℃ 85%↑ Continuous printing duration ≤50 hours ≥200 hours 300%↑ Minimum controllable discharge volume 0.1mm³ 0.02mm³ 80%↑ Table 2 The working process of the present invention is as follows: Under the action of the feeding propulsion motor 4, the feeding pipe 5 and the double-gear supercharger 6, the additive raw material is propelled, enters the interior of the hot melt machine base 10 through the feed throat pipe 8, is melted under the action of the rear heating chamber 101 and the front heating chamber 102, and enters the nozzle body 21, the detachable nozzle 24 and the pressurizing nozzle 26 through the feed channel 15 and the extrusion forming channel 16, and then additive manufacturing is carried out by discharging.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An additive hot melting device, characterized in that, The additive hot-melting device includes a hot-melting machine cavity main structure (1), an additive nozzle structure (2), a gear pump (3), a feeding propulsion motor (4), a feeding pipe (5), a double-gear supercharger (6), an auxiliary material connection three-way pipe (7), and a feeding throat pipe (8). The additive nozzle structure (2) is threadedly connected to the middle position at the lower part of the hot-melting machine cavity main structure (1) and is communicated with its interior; the gear pump (3) is screw-connected to the lower left front side of the hot-melting machine cavity main structure (1); the lower end of the feeding pipe (5) is sleeved on the output end of the feeding propulsion motor (4) and is locked and fixed with a stainless steel retaining clip; the upper end of the feeding pipe (5) is sleeved on the feeding end of the double-gear supercharger (6) and is locked and fixed with a stainless steel retaining clip; the auxiliary material connection three-way pipe (7) is sleeved between the double-gear supercharger (6) and the feeding throat pipe (8); the feeding throat pipe (8) is threadedly connected to the left side of the hot-melting machine cavity main structure (1).

2. The additive hot melting device according to claim 1, wherein, The hot-melting machine cavity main structure (1) includes a hot-melting machine base (10). A rear heating cavity (101) and a front heating cavity (102) are screw-connected inside the hot-melting machine base (10), and a temperature sensor (103) is screw-connected to the right side at the middle position inside the hot-melting machine base (10).

3. The additive hot melting device according to claim 1, characterized in that A plug-in filter disk (11) is inserted into the upper left side of the hot-melting machine base (10), a top plug (12) is threadedly connected to the right end of the hot-melting machine base (10), a pressure relief valve (13) is threadedly connected to the middle position at the upper part of the hot-melting machine base (10), and a pressure relief through hole (14) is longitudinally opened at the middle position on the upper side inside the hot-melting machine base (10).

4. The additive hot melting device according to claim 1, wherein, A feeding channel (15) is opened at the middle position on the left side inside the hot-melting machine base (10), an extrusion molding channel (16) is opened at the middle position on the lower side inside the hot-melting machine base (10), an increased gear cavity (17) is opened at the lower left side inside the hot-melting machine base (10), and an auxiliary heat preservation cavity (18) is screw-connected to the lower right side inside the hot-melting machine base (10).

5. The additive hot melting device according to claim 1, wherein, The additive nozzle structure (2) includes a nozzle main body (21), a connecting threaded pipe (22), a nozzle vibrator (23), a detachable nozzle (24), a pressure sensor (25), and a supercharging nozzle (26). The connecting threaded pipe (22) is integrally cast on the upper part of the nozzle main body (21) and is communicated with each other; the nozzle vibrator (23) is screw-connected to the middle position at the lower front side of the nozzle main body (21); the detachable nozzle (24) is threadedly connected to the lower part of the nozzle main body (21); the pressure sensor (25) is embedded inside the detachable nozzle (24); the supercharging nozzle (26) is threadedly connected to the lower part of the detachable nozzle (24).

6. The additive hot melting device according to claim 5, wherein, The nozzle main body (21), the connecting threaded pipe (22), the detachable nozzle (24), and the supercharging nozzle (26) are communicated with each other.

7. The additive hot melting device according to claim 4, wherein On the left side inside the feed channel (15), a limit stop block (151) is screwed. There are four limit stop blocks (151) and they are symmetrically arranged in two groups, upper and lower. On the right side of the feed channel (15), there is a channel narrowing portion (152).

8. The additive hot melting device according to claim 4, wherein, The extrusion forming channel (16) is arranged in an inverted trumpet shape, and the extrusion forming channel (16) is respectively connected to the inside of the pressure relief through hole (14) and the feed channel (15).

9. The additive hot melting device according to claim 4, wherein The feed channel (15) and the extrusion forming channel (16) together form a melting cavity. Inside the melting cavity, there is a vortex flow guiding structure, and the vortex flow guiding structure is arranged in an Archimedean spiral with an inclination angle of 15° - 25°.

10. The additive hot melting device according to claim 3, wherein, The pressure relief valve (13) is threadedly connected to the upper part of the pressure relief through hole (14).

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