Water body treatment equipment with solid-liquid fungicide slow release function and treatment method

Abstract

The invention provides water body treatment equipment with a solid-liquid fungicide slow release function and a treatment method. The water body treatment equipment comprises a bearing system, a lower cultivation chamber, an upper cultivation chamber, an aeration system and a control system. Through jet flow and micropore aeration, a Y-shaped inclined three-way structure is designed, stirring of bottom mud in a water area is reduced through the negative pressure effect, circulating flow of a water body is achieved, the content of dissolved oxygen in the water body is increased, and the self-cleaning capacity of the water body is enhanced. The slow-release mode and device are designed in a classified mode, the microbial inoculum metabolic activity is activated in combination with air stones, the microbial inoculum is continuously and evenly mixed into a small watershed water body for a long time, the micro-pollution treatment effect is guaranteed, the microbial inoculum bag with the best effect is prepared for the problem of small watershed blue-green algae outbreak, and the treatment advantage is improved. By establishing an intelligent and integrated comprehensive control system and deploying sensors to monitor key parameters such as water quality, water level, pH value, dissolved oxygen and the like, manual intervention is not needed, automatic putting and accurate control of the fungicide are realized as required, the treatment efficiency is improved, and resource waste is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of water body treatment, and particularly to a water body treatment device and method with slow release of solid-liquid bacterial agents. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of global industrialization and urbanization, the problem of water environmental pollution is becoming increasingly serious. In particular, the treatment of micro-pollution in small watershed water environment has become a difficult problem to be solved urgently. As an important part of the water ecosystem, the water quality of small watersheds directly affects the ecological health of downstream rivers, lakes and even the ocean. However, due to the characteristics of small watersheds such as small flow, weak self-purification ability and dispersed pollution sources, traditional centralized sewage treatment technologies are difficult to effectively cope with their complex pollution conditions. The superposition of various pollution sources such as industrial wastewater, agricultural non-point source pollution, domestic sewage and initial rainwater has led to the over-standard concentration of pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen, COD (chemical oxygen demand) and total phosphorus in small watershed water bodies, frequent occurrence of water body eutrophication and black odor, seriously threatening the balance of the aquatic ecosystem and human health.

[0003] Currently, the treatment technologies for small watershed water environment mainly include physical methods, chemical methods and biological methods. Physical methods such as filtration and sedimentation can remove some suspended solids, but have limited effects on dissolved pollutants; chemical methods such as oxidation and flocculation can rapidly degrade pollutants, but are prone to secondary pollution and high costs. Biological methods such as activated sludge method and biofilm method have gradually become the mainstream technologies due to their environmental protection and economic characteristics. However, traditional biological methods face problems such as discontinuous dosing of bacterial agents, large influence of environmental factors on the reproduction of bacterial communities, and unstable slow release effects when treating micro-pollution in small watersheds, and it is difficult to achieve long-term and stable water quality improvement. It is particularly important to develop a micro-pollution treatment device that can adapt to the characteristics of small watershed water environment and has an efficient slow release function of bacterial agents.

[0004] In developed countries, the treatment of river water environment started earlier. In some European countries, physical interception technologies are quite mature in micro-pollution treatment. In the treatment of the Rhine River in Switzerland, a perfect sewage interception pipe network system was established in the early stage, effectively controlling the input of point source pollution. In terms of ecological restoration, the state of Florida in the United States uses large-scale ecological wetlands to purify water bodies, and constructs different types of wetland plant communities to remove pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the river. In the research and development of bacterial agent equipment, Japan is in a relatively leading position. In the treatment of some small rivers, high-efficiency bacterial agents for specific pollutants have been developed, which combine the characteristics of aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria, can simultaneously treat organic matter and ammonia nitrogen in water bodies, fix the bacterial agents on biodegradable carriers, slowly release the bacterial agents into the water bodies by using water flow and aeration systems, and combine the dosing equipment of bacterial agents with the monitoring system to achieve intelligent dosing and improve the treatment efficiency of bacterial agents.

[0005] In China, the treatment of river water environment has received great attention in recent years. In terms of physical interception, major cities are vigorously building sewage interception pipelines. For example, in the treatment of the Huangpu River and its tributaries in Shanghai, the coverage rate of sewage interception pipelines has been continuously increasing. In terms of ecological restoration, many cities have created urban ecological wetlands, such as Xixi Wetland in Hangzhou, which has played an important role in improving the water quality of regional rivers. However, China lags behind in the research and development of bacterium agent equipment. In domestic river treatment projects, the application of bacterium agents mostly remains in the laboratory research stage, with less research and development of bacterium agent equipment and a lack of practical and large-scale application equipment.

[0006] In the future, the treatment of micro-polluted small watershed rivers will develop towards the direction of intelligence. Whether it is physical interception equipment or ecological restoration systems, Internet of Things technology will be used for intelligent control, automatically adjusting the release amount of bacterium agents and aeration intensity according to the water pollution situation to improve the treatment efficiency. Integration is also an important trend. Integrating multiple technologies into a comprehensive treatment system will achieve complementary advantages and is expected to become an effective solution for the treatment of micro-pollution in water areas, providing technical support for water ecological restoration and water quality improvement.

[0007] Specifically, in situations such as before the restoration of river water ecology, after heavy rain, poor water body fluidity, and the outbreak of high-temperature blue-green algae, the bacterium agent application technology is an important means to enable the water body to restore its self-purification ability. One is to directly put bacterium agents into the river. In this case, the beneficial bacteria in the river can be quickly and temporarily restored. However, due to the water body fluidity and the discontinuous release of bacterium agents, the removal rate of water body indicators cannot be maintained in the long term. The other is to adopt the bacterium agent slow-release technology. The biggest advantage of this technology is that the bacterium agents multiply through carriers (including culture media), and enter the river by mixing with the medium (pumped water flow or oxygen-increasing aeration), which has a certain sustainability. However, this technology does not consider the replenishment of the culture medium or the uncontrollable slow-release speed, resulting in the decreasing concentration of slow-release bacterium agents over time. At the same time, it does not fully consider the impact of the external environment on the reproduction of bacterium agents, such as river water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH value, harmful bacteria species, etc. In a harsh environment, the reproduction and metabolism of bacterium agents will be inhibited or inactivated. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a water treatment device and treatment method with solid-liquid bacterium agent slow release. This device takes into account common adverse environmental factors, can simulate the bacterium agent cultivation conditions in the laboratory, and can slow-release solid bacterium agents and liquid bacterium agents. Different cultivation chambers are set for aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria, and acid-producing bacterium agents are also considered. It belongs to a composite bacterium agent self-cultivation slow-release device, which can basically meet the characteristics of existing water purification bacterium agents in the market. Through an intelligent and integrated comprehensive control system to control the water inlet volume of the device, under the condition of regularly adding culture media, the bacterium agents can be released into the water body continuously, stably and efficiently.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A water treatment device with slow release of solid-liquid bacterial agents, comprising:

[0010] A carrying system, the carrying system includes a floating drum (2) and a biofilm (1), the floating drum (2) is used to provide buoyancy for the device and is positioned on the riverbed by a rope, and the biofilm (1) is used for the attachment of bacterial agents and enters the water body with the water flow;

[0011] A lower cultivation chamber (6) for cultivating solid bacterial agents, including a water inlet chamber (18), a cultivation chamber A (19) and a cultivation chamber B (20). The water inlet chamber (18) is connected to the external water body through a water pump (3) and is provided with an ultraviolet lamp (14). The cultivation chamber A (19) and the cultivation chamber B (20) are respectively connected to the water inlet chamber (18) through a water outlet pipe (17), and both are internally provided with volcanic rock fillers (16), an aeration device and a heating rod (8). The top of the lower cultivation chamber (6) is provided with a lower cultivation chamber cover (21) and a feeding cover A (15);

[0012] An upper cultivation chamber (7) for cultivating liquid bacterial agents. The upper cultivation chamber (7) is connected to the water inlet chamber (18) through a pipeline, and a solenoid valve (9) is provided on the pipeline to control the water outlet frequency. The top of the upper cultivation chamber (7) is provided with a culture medium addition tank (24) and an exhaust port (25), and a heating rod (8) is provided at the lower part;

[0013] An aeration system, including an aerator (11) and a new type of aeration head (12). The outlet of the aerator (11) is divided into two paths. The first path leads to the cultivation chamber A (19) and the cultivation chamber B (20), and the second path leads to the new type of aeration head (12);

[0014] The new type of aeration head (12) includes a conical floating head (29) with a sealed upper end, a cavity with air holes in the middle (30) and a counterweight at the lower end (31). The cavity with air holes (30) is internally provided with an aerobic bacterial agent package (34). The bottom of the cavity with air holes (30) is connected to a Y-shaped inclined tee (32), and a one-way water stop valve (33) is provided at the lower part of the Y-shaped inclined tee (32);

[0015] A control system, which is used to detect the water environment and process and control the water power system, the aeration system and the bacterial agent release frequency.

[0016] Further, in the present invention, a water power system is further included, including a water pump A (3) and a water pump B (22). The water pump A (3) is used to pump the external water body into the water inlet chamber (18), and the water pump B (22) is used to pump the water in the water inlet chamber (18) to the upper cultivation chamber (7);

[0017] Further, in the present invention, the heating rods (8) in the cultivation chamber A (19) and the cultivation chamber B (20) control the water temperature at 28 - 32°C. The volcanic stone filler (16) is used for the attachment and reproduction of solid bacterial agents. The aeration device includes a bubble stone (13).

[0018] Further, in the present invention, the culture medium addition tank (24) in the upper cultivation chamber (7) adds the culture medium by gravity flow according to the liquid level change. The heating rod (8) controls the water temperature at 28 - 32°C, which is suitable for the cultivation of anaerobic bacterial agents.

[0019] Further, in the present invention, the air outlet holes of the air outlet cavity (30) of the new type aeration head (12) are located 10 - 30 cm below the water surface. The Y-shaped inclined tee (32) sucks water into the air outlet cavity (30) through negative pressure, mixes with the aerobic bacterial agent package (34), and forms a jet flow into the water body.

[0020] Further, in the present invention, the control system includes a detection end, a processing end, and an execution end;

[0021] The detection end includes the following sensors for real-time monitoring of water body and equipment operation parameters:

[0022] A water quality sensor, which monitors ammonia nitrogen and chemical oxygen demand. One is installed inside the water inlet cavity (18), near the inlet of the water outlet pipe (17), to monitor the initial water quality entering the cultivation chamber; the other is installed in the target water body, at the air outlet of the new type aeration head (12), to monitor the treated water quality. The water quality sensor is connected to a junction box through a waterproof cable. The junction box is fixed on the outside of the lower cultivation chamber cover (21). The sensor outputs a 4 - 20 mA analog signal, which is collected by the junction box and then connected to the analog input port of the embedded controller through a shielded cable;

[0023] A pH sensor, which monitors the pH value of the water body and the cultivation chamber. One is installed inside the cultivation chamber A (19), fixed on the volcanic stone filler (16); one is installed inside the cultivation chamber B (20), fixed on the volcanic stone filler (16); one is installed inside the upper cultivation chamber (7), fixed below the culture medium addition tank (24); one is installed in the target water body. Each sensor is connected to a junction box through a special waterproof cable. The junction box is fixed on the outside of the lower cultivation chamber cover (21), outputs an RS485 digital signal, is converted into a single-channel signal by the RS485 conversion module in the junction box, and is connected to the RS485 interface of the embedded controller through a shielded cable;

[0024] Dissolved oxygen sensors monitor the dissolved oxygen concentration. One is installed in cultivation chamber A (19) and fixed on the air stone (13), and another is installed in cultivation chamber B (20) and fixed on the air stone (13). One is installed in the target water body. The dissolved oxygen sensors are connected to a junction box through waterproof cables. The junction box is fixed on the outer side of the lower cultivation chamber cover (21), outputs a 4 - 20 mA analog signal, and after being aggregated by the junction box, is connected to the analog input port of the embedded controller through a shielded cable;

[0025] Non - contact liquid level sensors (26): Monitor the water level in the cultivation chamber. One is installed at the top of the upper cultivation chamber (7), fixed beside the exhaust port (25), with the probe facing down vertically towards the water surface. One is installed at the top of cultivation chamber A (19), fixed on the inner side of the lower cultivation chamber cover (21), with the probe facing down towards the upper part of the volcanic stone filler (16). One is installed at the top of cultivation chamber B (20), fixed on the inner side of the lower cultivation chamber cover (21), with the probe facing down towards the upper part of the volcanic stone filler (16). The non - contact liquid level sensors (26) are connected to a junction box through waterproof cables. The junction box is fixed on the outer side of the lower cultivation chamber cover (21), outputs a 4 - 20 mA analog signal, and after being aggregated by the junction box, is connected to the analog input port of the embedded controller through a shielded cable;

[0026] The processing end includes the following control devices and algorithm processing modules for data analysis and instruction generation:

[0027] Embedded controller: Processes sensor data and executes algorithms;

[0028] Wireless communication module: Enables remote data transmission,

[0029] The embedded controller receives sensor data through an interface. After internal algorithm processing, it is connected to the execution end through a relay module or PWM signal. The wireless communication module is connected to the controller through a USB interface to achieve cloud data interaction;

[0030] The execution end includes the following hardware modules for executing control instructions:

[0031] Solenoid valve (9), controlling the release frequency of the liquid bacterium agent in the upper cultivation chamber (7);

[0032] Heating rod (8): Adjusts the water temperature in the cultivation chamber to 28 - 32 °C;

[0033] Water pump A (3): Draws water into the water inlet chamber (18);

[0034] Water pump B (22): Transports water to the upper cultivation chamber (7);

[0035] Aerator (11): Supplies oxygen to the cultivation chamber and the new aeration head (12);

[0036] The solenoid valve (9), the heating rod (8), the water pump A (3), the water pump B (22) and the aerator (11) are connected to the embedded controller via a relay module to receive a switch signal or a PWM speed regulation signal;

[0037] A water treatment method, based on a water treatment device with a solid-liquid bacterial agent slow release, automatically adjusts the treatment process according to the water pollution situation, including the following steps:

[0038] Water sampling and pretreatment: water is pumped into the water inlet chamber (18) of the device by a water pump A (3), and the water is sterilized by an ultraviolet lamp (14);

[0039] Solid bacterial agent cultivation and release: the pretreated water body is transported to the cultivation chamber A (19) and the cultivation chamber B (20) respectively, different types of solid bacterial agent packages are added to the cultivation chamber A (19) and the cultivation chamber B (20), culture medium is added, the water temperature is controlled to 28-32°C by the heating rod (8), and oxygen is provided by the aeration device to promote the reproduction of the solid bacterial agent on the volcanic stone filler (16), and the cultivated solid bacterial agent enters the water body with the overflow; (3) Liquid bacterial agent cultivation and release: the pretreated water body is transported to the upper cultivation chamber (7) by the water pump B (22), liquid bacterial agent is added to the upper cultivation chamber (7), culture medium is supplemented by the culture medium adding tank (24), the water temperature is controlled to 28-32°C by the heating rod (8), and the liquid bacterial agent is released into the water body at a fixed time by the electromagnetic valve (9);

[0040] Aeration and bacterial agent coordinated governance: air is supplied to the cultivation chamber A (19), the cultivation chamber B (20) and the new aeration head (12) through the aerator (11); the new aeration head (12) has an aerobic bacterial agent bag (34) built in, and the water body and the gas are mixed and released into the water body by the negative pressure effect of the Y-shaped inclined tee (32);

[0041] Automatic adjustment: According to the type of water pollution, the water inlet frequency, the type of bacterial agent and the release time are adjusted through the control system. When the ammonia nitrogen and COD of the water are high, the cultivation chamber A (19) and the cultivation chamber B (20) are added with solid bacterial agents for degrading ammonia nitrogen, and the upper cultivation chamber (7) is added with liquid bacterial agents for degrading organic matter; when the water body shows signs of blue algae outbreak, the cultivation chamber A (19) and the cultivation chamber B (20) are added with solid bacterial agents for degrading ammonia nitrogen, and the upper cultivation chamber (7) is added with liquid bacterial agents for lowering pH value, and the water fluidity is enhanced through the aeration system.

[0042] Furthermore, in the present invention, the culture medium in step (2) includes carbohydrates, nitrogen substances, inorganic salts, vitamins and water, which are made into blocks in a certain proportion and slowly dissolved in the culture chamber A (19) and the culture chamber B (20).

[0043] Furthermore, in the present invention, in the step of automatic adjustment, it further includes the step of realizing automatic dosing and precise control of the bacterial agent through establishing an intelligent and integrated comprehensive control system, specifically as follows:

[0044] Step 1, parameter collection and preprocessing. Deploy multi-point sensors in the water treatment equipment and the target water body, including water quality sensors, water level sensors, pH sensors, and dissolved oxygen sensors, to collect the ammonia nitrogen concentration, chemical oxygen demand, pH value, dissolved oxygen concentration of the water body, and the water level data in the cultivation room in real time; preprocess the collected data through a filtering algorithm to remove noise interference and ensure data accuracy;

[0045] Step 2, data transmission and integration. Transmit the preprocessed multi-parameter data to the comprehensive control system through a wireless communication module, update the cloud database in real time, and generate a multi-dimensional data matrix for subsequent analysis;

[0046] Step 3, big data analysis and decision-making. Use big data algorithms to process the real-time data matrix, calculate the bacterial agent dosing amount, release frequency, bacterial agent concentration, and aeration intensity. The specific algorithm formulas are as follows. The formula for calculating the bacterial agent dosing amount:

[0047] Q t = k1·(NH3-N - NH3-N0) 2 + k2·(COD - COD0) 2 + k3·|pH - pH0| + k4·(DO0 - DO);

[0048] Q t : The required bacterial agent dosing amount per unit time, NH3-N: Real-time ammonia nitrogen concentration, NH3-N0: Target ammonia nitrogen concentration, COD: Real-time chemical oxygen demand, COD0: Target COD value, pH: Real-time pH value, pH0: Target pH value, DO: Real-time dissolved oxygen concentration, DO0: Target dissolved oxygen concentration, k1, k2, k3, k4: Weight coefficients, calibrated through experiments according to the bacterial agent type and water body characteristics. The above formula uses square terms and absolute value terms to enhance the sensitivity to severely exceeded parameters;

[0049] The formula for calculating the release frequency:

[0050]

[0051] F r : Bacterial agent release frequency, V c : Effective volume of the cultivation room, C b : Standard concentration of the bacterial agent, T c : Action time of the bacterial agent for a single dosing. By introducing the bacterial agent concentration variable, ensure that the dosing frequency matches the actual bacterial agent concentration;

[0052] Bacterial agent concentration adjustment formula:

[0053]

[0054] C′ b : Adjusted bacterial agent concentration, C b : Initial bacterial agent concentration, DO: Real-time dissolved oxygen concentration, DO m : Dissolved oxygen concentration for optimal reproduction of bacterial agents, α: Concentration adjustment coefficient, range 0.1 - 0.5, determined according to the type of bacterial agent, by dynamically adjusting the bacterial agent concentration based on the dissolved oxygen deviation to optimize the reproduction efficiency;

[0055] Aeration intensity optimization formula:

[0056]

[0057] I a : Adjusted aeration intensity; I0: Basic aeration intensity; NH3-N and COD: Respectively the real-time ammonia nitrogen and COD concentrations, NH3-N0, COD0 are respectively the target ammonia nitrogen and COD concentrations, β: Aeration adjustment coefficient, range 0.2 - 0.8, determined according to the water body volume, by dynamically adjusting the aeration volume based on the pollution load to enhance the activity of aerobic bacteria;

[0058] Step Four, automatic execution and coordinated control. The integrated control system automatically adjusts the water inflow of water pump A(3) and water pump B(22), the switching frequency of the solenoid valve(9), the bacterial agent concentration in the cultivation chamber, and the air supply volume of the aerator(11) according to the calculation results, to achieve the on-demand delivery of bacterial agents in cultivation chamber A(19), cultivation chamber B(20), and the upper cultivation chamber(7). At the same time, the aerobic bacterial agent package(34) is released in coordination through the new aeration head(12), without manual intervention

[0059] Step Five, feedback optimization and resource assessment. Continuously monitor the water treatment effect through sensors, compare the treated data with the target values, dynamically update the weight coefficients k1, k2, k3, k4, α, and β, and calculate the resource waste rate. The resource waste assessment formula is as follows:

[0060]

[0061] W r : Resource waste rate; Q t : Theoretical bacterial agent delivery volume; Q e : Actually effectively utilized bacterial agent dosage, by evaluating the bacterial agent utilization efficiency to optimize the delivery strategy;

[0062] Step Six, self-learning iteration: Store the real-time data and optimized parameters of each treatment in the cloud database, and use machine learning algorithms to iteratively train the weight coefficients and adjustment coefficients to enhance the system's adaptability to complex water body environments.

[0063] Furthermore, in the present invention, the air outlet holes of the air outlet cavity (30) of the novel aeration head (12) in step (4) are located 10-30 cm below the water surface, avoiding the agitation of the bottom mud and improving the transparency of the water body.

[0064] Furthermore, in the present invention, the control system monitors the liquid level of the upper cultivation chamber (7) through a non-contact liquid level sensor (26) in step (5), and automatically starts or stops the water pump B (22) to achieve the continuity of the liquid bacterial agent cultivation.

[0065] Beneficial effects, the technical solution of the present application has the following technical effects:

[0066] 1. Through jet flow and microporous aeration, a Y-shaped inclined tee structure is designed. By utilizing the negative pressure effect, the agitation of the bottom mud in the water area is reduced, the circulating flow of the water body is realized, the dissolved oxygen content in the water body is further increased, and the self-purification ability of the water body is enhanced. By classifying and designing the slow-release methods and devices, and combining with the bubble stone to activate the metabolic activity of the bacterial agent, the bacterial agent is continuously and evenly mixed into the small watershed water body for a long time to ensure the micro-pollution treatment effect. For the problem of cyanobacteria bloom in the small watershed, the best bacterial agent package is configured to improve the treatment advantage. By establishing an intelligent and integrated comprehensive control system, sensors are deployed to monitor key parameters such as water quality, water level, pH value, and dissolved oxygen. Without manual intervention, the automatic feeding and precise control of the bacterial agent are realized as needed, improving the treatment efficiency and avoiding resource waste.

[0067] 2. By the detection end, multiple parameters such as water quality ammonia nitrogen, COD, pH value, dissolved oxygen, and liquid level are monitored in real time. Combining with the big data algorithm of the processing end, the precise control of the bacterial agent feeding and environmental adjustment is realized, avoiding the blindness of manual judgment or fixed feeding in the traditional method. The detection end, processing end, and execution end of the control system work together, and the entire process from data acquisition to execution can be completed automatically without manual intervention, supporting intelligent decision-making, further improving the treatment efficiency. The introduced resource waste evaluation formula quantifies the utilization efficiency of the bacterial agent. Combining with the precise adjustment of the execution end, the overfeeding of the bacterial agent and energy waste are avoided, and the operation cost is reduced. Through the multi-point sensor deployment and dynamic adjustment mechanism, the equipment can adapt to different pollution scenarios, such as ammonia nitrogen exceeding the standard and cyanobacteria bloom, and performs excellently in complex water body environments.

[0068] It should be understood that all combinations of the foregoing concepts and additional concepts described in greater detail below can be regarded as part of the inventive subject matter of the present disclosure as long as such concepts do not contradict each other.

[0069] The foregoing and other aspects, embodiments, and features of the teachings of the present invention can be more fully understood from the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Other additional aspects of the present invention, such as the features and / or beneficial effects of exemplary embodiments, will be apparent in the following description or will be learned through the practice of specific embodiments in accordance with the teachings of the present invention. Description of the Drawings

[0070] The drawings are not intended to be drawn to scale. In the drawings, each identical or nearly identical component shown in each figure may be denoted by the same reference numeral. For clarity, not every component is labeled in each figure. Now, embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will be described by way of example and with reference to the drawings, wherein:

[0071] Figure 1 This is a schematic general view of the device.

[0072] Figure 2 This is an elevation view of the lower cultivation chamber.

[0073] Figure 3 This is a top view of the lower cultivation chamber.

[0074] Figure 4 This is the cover of the lower cultivation chamber.

[0075] Figure 5 This is an elevation view of the upper cultivation chamber.

[0076] Figure 6 This is a top view of the upper cultivation chamber.

[0077] Figure 7 This is a new type of aeration head.

[0078] In the figures: 1. biofilm; 2. buoy; 3. water pump A; 4. check valve A; 5. ball valve; 6. lower cultivation chamber; 7. upper cultivation chamber; 8. heating rod; 9. solenoid valve; 10. observation chamber; 11. aerator; 12. new type of aeration head; 13. air bubble stone; 14. ultraviolet lamp; 15. feeding cover A; 16. volcanic rock filler; 17. outlet pipe; 18. inlet chamber; 19. cultivation chamber A; 20. cultivation chamber B; 21. cover of the lower cultivation chamber; 22. water pump B; 23. check valve B; 24. culture medium addition tank; 25. exhaust port; 26. non-contact liquid level sensor; 27. feeding cover B; 28. feeding cover C; 29. conical floating head; 30. cavity with air outlet hole; 31. counterweight; 32. Y-shaped inclined tee; 33. one-way water stop valve; 34. aerobic bacteria agent package. Detailed Embodiments

[0079] To better understand the technical content of the present invention, specific embodiments are hereby given and described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings as follows. In the present disclosure, aspects of the present invention are described with reference to the drawings, and many illustrative embodiments are shown in the drawings. The embodiments of the present disclosure do not necessarily define all aspects of the present invention. It should be understood that the various concepts and embodiments introduced above, as well as those described in more detail below, can be implemented in any of many ways, because the concepts and embodiments disclosed in the present invention are not limited to any implementation manner. In addition, some aspects of the present invention can be used alone, or in any suitable combination with other aspects disclosed in the present invention.

[0080] Example 1: Treating water bodies with excessive ammonia nitrogen and COD

[0081] Purpose: To verify the accuracy and treatment effect of the water body treatment equipment and method in water bodies with high ammonia nitrogen and high COD.

[0082] Equipment preparation:

[0083] Use the designed water body treatment equipment, including a carrying system, a lower cultivation chamber 6, an upper cultivation chamber 7, a water power system, an aeration system, and a control system.

[0084] The control system is configured according to the detection end, the processing end, and the execution end:

[0085] Detection end: Water quality sensor, model Hach LDO101, measuring range 0 - 200mg / L; pH sensor, model E+HCPS11D, measuring range 0 - 14; dissolved oxygen sensor, model YSIProODO, measuring range 0 - 20mg / L; non-contact liquid level sensor 26, model Siemens SITRANS LU150, measuring range 0.25 - 5m, and the installation position is located and installed and connected according to the content of the invention part.

[0086] Processing end: Embedded controller, Raspberry Pi 4B, 4GB RAM, running Python 3.9; wireless communication module, SIM7600G, supporting 5G.

[0087] Execution end: Solenoid valve 9, model Burkert 6213, response time <0.1s; heating rod 8, model EHEIM Jager150W, accuracy ±0.5℃; water pump A3, model Grundfos UP15 - 14B, maximum flow rate 60L / h; water pump B22, model Grundfos UP10 - 16, maximum flow rate 20L / h; aerator 11, model HIBLOW HP - 80, maximum flow rate 80L / min.

[0088] Experimental conditions:

[0089] Volume of water body: 1000 L.

[0090] Initial water quality: ammonia nitrogen 50 mg / L, COD 200 mg / L, pH 8.5, dissolved oxygen 3.0 mg / L, turbidity 40 NTU, temperature 25 °C.

[0091] Environmental conditions: outdoors, wind speed 2 m / s, water flow rate 0.1 m / s.

[0092] Operation steps:

[0093] Equipment installation:

[0094] The floating drum 2 is fixed to the bottom of the water by four nylon ropes with a diameter of 8 mm, and the biofilm 1 is suspended under the water surface.

[0095] The new aeration head 12 is installed under the water surface, with an aerobic bacterial agent package of 20 g and an active bacteria content of 10 8 CFU / g.

[0096] Water body pretreatment:

[0097] Start the water pump A3, set the flow rate to 50 L / h, draw the water body into the inlet chamber 18, and the ultraviolet lamp 14 with a power of 15 W operates for 10 minutes, and the sterilization rate > 99%.

[0098] Solid bacterial agent cultivation and release:

[0099] Add the No. 1 solid bacterial agent package of 50 g with an active bacteria content of 10 9 CFU / g to the cultivation chamber A19 to degrade ammonia nitrogen, and add the No. 2 solid bacterial agent package of 50 g with an active bacteria content of 10 9 CFU / g to the cultivation chamber B20 to degrade ammonia nitrogen.

[0100] Add block culture medium, 100 g for each chamber, composition: 60% carbohydrate, 20% nitrogen substance, 15% inorganic salt, 5% vitamin, dissolution rate 5 g / h.

[0101] The heating rod 8 is set at a temperature of 30 ± 0.5 °C, and the aeration flow rate of the air stone 13 is 20 L / min.

[0102] The water body flows in through the outlet pipe 17 and overflows to the biofilm 1.

[0103] Liquid bacterial agent cultivation and release:

[0104] The flow rate of the water pump B22 is 10 L / h, and the water is transported to the upper cultivation chamber 7, and the No. 3 liquid bacterial agent of 100 mL with a concentration of 10 g / L is added to degrade organic matter.

[0105] Add 50 mL of liquid culture medium containing 10 g / L of glucose to the culture medium addition tank 24, and maintain the temperature at 30 ± 0.5 °C with the heating rod 8.

[0106] Set the solenoid valve 9 to open once every 3 minutes for 20 seconds, releasing a flow rate of 0.5 L / min.

[0107] Operation of the control system:

[0108] Initial data of the sensor: NH3-N 50 mg / L, COD 200 mg / L, pH 8.5, DO 3.0 mg / L, liquid level 80%, culture chamber full.

[0109] Algorithm parameters: k1 = 0.5, k2 = 0.3, k3 = 0.2, k4 = 0.1, α = 0.3, β = 0.5, V c = 50 L, T c = 4 h, DO m = 6 mg / L;

[0110] Calculation results:

[0111]

[0112] The actuator operates according to the results and recalculates and adjusts after 6 hours.

[0113] Operation and monitoring:

[0114] Operate for 24 hours and record the water quality parameters every 6 hours as shown in Table 1.

[0115]

[0116] Total consumption of the bacterial agent: 120 g, energy consumption: 1.2 kWh, utilization rate of the bacterial agent 85%, Wr = 15%.

[0117] Experimental results: Within 24 hours, NH3-N decreased from 50 mg / L to 5 mg / L, removal rate 90%, COD decreased from 200 mg / L to 20 mg / L, removal rate 90%, pH adjusted from 8.5 to 7.5, DO increased from 3.0 mg / L to 8.0 mg / L, turbidity decreased from 40 NTU to 10 NTU.

[0118] Total consumption of the bacterial agent 120 g, energy consumption 1.2 kWh, utilization rate of the bacterial agent 85%, Wr = 15%.

[0119] Conclusion: Through the synergistic effect of the compartmentalized cultivation and the new aeration head 12, the equipment achieved rapid removal of high-concentration pollutants with remarkable treatment effect. The precise adjustment of the control system ensured that the dosage of the bacterial agent matched the degree of pollution, and the calculation based on Q t and F r reflects the precision of the invention.

[0120] Example 2: Treating water body at the initial stage of cyanobacteria bloom

[0121] Purpose: To verify the environmental adaptability and cyanobacteria inhibition effect in the water body at the initial stage of cyanobacteria bloom.

[0122] Equipment preparation:

[0123] Same as Example 1.

[0124] Experimental conditions:

[0125] Volume of water body: 1000 L.

[0126] Initial water quality: NH3-N 30 mg / L, COD 150 mg / L, pH 9.5, DO 2.0 mg / L, turbidity 60 NTU, cyanobacteria concentration 10 5 cells / mL, temperature 28 °C.

[0127] Environmental conditions: Outdoor, direct sunlight, wind speed 1 m / s.

[0128] Operation steps:

[0129] Equipment installation:

[0130] Same as Example 1, the new aeration head 12 is installed 15 cm below the water surface.

[0131] Water body pretreatment:

[0132] The flow rate of water pump A3 is 60 L / h, and the ultraviolet lamp 14 operates for 15 minutes.

[0133] Cultivation and release of solid bacterium agent:

[0134] 1st and 2nd solid bacterium agent packages, each 40 g, and 80 g of culture medium per chamber are added to cultivation chamber A19 and cultivation chamber B20 respectively.

[0135] The heating rod 8 is set at 28 ± 0.5 °C, and the air stone 13 aerates at 25 L / min.

[0136] Cultivation and release of liquid bacterium agent:

[0137] 4th liquid bacterium agent, 120 mL, with a concentration of 12 g / L, is added to the upper cultivation chamber 7 to lower the pH, and 60 mL of culture medium is added to the culture medium addition tank 24.

[0138] The heating rod 8 maintains 28 ± 0.5 °C, the solenoid valve 9 is opened once every 4 minutes for 15 seconds, and the release flow rate is 0.4 L / min.

[0139] Operation of control system:

[0140] Initial data: NH3-N 30 mg / L, COD 150 mg / L, pH 9.5, DO 2.0 mg / L, liquid level 75%.

[0141] Calculation results:

[0142]

[0143]

[0144] The actuator runs according to the results and is adjusted after 6 hours.

[0145] Operation and monitoring: Run for 24 hours, and record every 6 hours as shown in Table 2.

[0146]

[0147] Total consumption of bacterial agent: 100 g, energy consumption: 1.1 kWh, utilization rate of bacterial agent 88%, W r = 12%.

[0148] Experimental results: Within 24 hours, NH3-N decreased from 30 mg / L to 4 mg / L, removal rate 87%, COD decreased from 150 mg / L to 25 mg / L, removal rate 83%, pH decreased from 9.5 to 7.2, DO increased from 2.0 mg / L to 7.5 mg / L, turbidity decreased from 60 NTU to 15 NTU, and cyanobacteria concentration decreased from 10 5 cells / mL to 10 3 cells / mL, a decrease of 99%.

[0149] Total consumption of bacterial agent 100 g, energy consumption 1.1 kWh, utilization rate of bacterial agent 88%, W r = 12%.

[0150] Conclusion: The device effectively inhibits the growth of cyanobacteria through liquid bacterial agent and high-intensity aeration. The optimization of pH and DO destroys the living conditions of cyanobacteria, demonstrating environmental adaptability.

[0151] The low consumption of bacterial agent and energy consumption indicate outstanding resource-saving effects, verifying the practicality of the resource waste assessment formula W r .

[0152] Example 3: Treatment of initial rainwater after rainstorm

[0153] Purpose: To verify the rapid response and treatment effect of the right under the high pollution load of initial rainwater after rainstorm.

[0154] Equipment preparation:

[0155] Same as Example 1.

[0156] Experimental conditions:

[0157] Water volume: 1000 L.

[0158] Initial water quality: NH3-N 70 mg / L, COD 300 mg / L, pH 7.8, DO 1.5 mg / L, turbidity 80 NTU, suspended solids SS 200 mg / L.

[0159] Environmental conditions: outdoors, after simulated rainfall, water flow velocity 0.3 m / s.

[0160] Operation steps:

[0161] Equipment installation:

[0162] The floating barrel 2 is fixed, and the new aeration head 12 is installed 25 cm below the water surface.

[0163] Water body pretreatment:

[0164] The flow rate of water pump A3 is 70 L / h, and the ultraviolet lamp 14 operates for 20 minutes.

[0165] Solid bacterium agent cultivation and release:

[0166] Add 1st and 2nd solid bacterium agent packages, 60 g each, and culture medium 120 g / room to cultivation room A19 and cultivation room B20.

[0167] The heating rod 8 is set at 30 ± 0.5 °C, and the air stone 13 aerates at 30 L / min.

[0168] Liquid bacterium agent cultivation and release:

[0169] Add 3rd liquid bacterium agent, 150 mL, with a concentration of 15 g / L, to the upper cultivation room 7, and add 80 mL of culture medium to the culture medium addition tank 24.

[0170] The heating rod 8 maintains 30 ± 0.5 °C, the solenoid valve 9 is opened once every 2 minutes for 25 seconds, and the release flow rate is 0.6 L / min.

[0171] Control system operation:

[0172] Initial data: NH3-N 70 mg / L, COD 300 mg / L, pH 7.8, DO 1.5 mg / L, liquid level 85%.

[0173] Calculation results:

[0174]

[0175]

[0176] The execution end runs according to the results and adjusts after 4 hours.

[0177] Operation and Monitoring: Run for 12 hours and record every 3 hours as shown in Table 3.

[0178]

[0179] Total consumption of the bacterial agent: 150 g, energy consumption: 0.9 kWh, utilization rate of the bacterial agent 82%, W r = 18%.

[0180] Experimental results: Within 12 hours, NH3-N decreased from 70 mg / L to 8 mg / L, removal rate 89%, COD decreased from 300 mg / L to 40 mg / L, removal rate 87%, pH was adjusted from 7.8 to 7.3, DO increased from 1.5 mg / L to 7.5 mg / L, turbidity decreased from 80 NTU to 20 NTU, suspended solids SS decreased from 200 mg / L to 30 mg / L, removal rate 85%.

[0181] Total consumption of the bacterial agent 150 g, energy consumption 0.9 kWh, utilization rate of the bacterial agent 82%, W r = 18%.

[0182] Conclusion: Under high pollution load and short time, the equipment can still respond quickly, and the pollutant removal rate remains above 85%, reflecting the rapid treatment ability and stability of the invention. The new aeration head 12 avoids bottom sludge agitation, and the SS and turbidity are significantly reduced, verifying the beneficial effect of optimized treatment effect.

[0183] In summary, in the three embodiments, the removal rates of NH3-N and COD both exceed 83%, and the pH and DO are both adjusted to the target range, pH 7.0 - 7.5, DO > 7 mg / L. The high pollution initial conditions of Embodiment 1 and 3, NH3-N 50 - 70 mg / L, COD 200 - 300 mg / L, are reduced to a safe level in a short time, indicating that the control system realizes precise dosing through sensors and algorithms Q t 、C′ b 。Compared with traditional fixed dosing, the present invention dynamically adjusts the dosage and release frequency of the bacterial agent according to real-time data, avoids overdosage or underdosage, and significantly improves the pertinence and efficiency of treatment.

[0184] In the embodiment, the control system runs automatically throughout the process, and the sensor data is processed by the embedded controller to generate execution instructions such as F r and I a , without manual intervention. The self-learning function of the control system, that is, iteratively adjusting parameters such as k1, k2, and the hardware integration realize closed-loop control, reflecting the intelligent advantage and reducing the labor cost and operation error.

[0185] The utilization rates of the bacterial agents were 85% of Example 1, 88% of Example 2, and 82% of Example 3, far higher than 50-60% of the traditional method; the energy consumptions were 1.2 kWh, 1.1 kWh, and 0.9 kWh respectively, lower than 1.5-2 kWh of the traditional equipment. The source waste assessment formula W r And the precise control of the execution end significantly reduces the waste of bacterial agents and energy, with a savings rate of 20%-30%, meeting the requirements of green environmental protection.

[0186] Example 2 effectively inhibits cyanobacteria under the conditions of high pH of 9.5 and low DO of 2.0 mg / L. Example 3 completes the treatment within 12 hours under the high pollution load of NH3-N 70 mg / L and COD 300 mg / L, both showing excellent performance. The compartmentalized cultivation and dynamic adjustment mechanism enable the equipment to adapt to different pollution types and extreme conditions, superior to the single function of the traditional equipment, reflecting the flexibility and robustness of the invention.

[0187] The three examples operate stably, no equipment failures are seen, the sensor data has high consistency, and the hardware modules operate normally. The industrial-grade hardware and clear connection relationships used in the examples ensure the reliability of long-term operation and are suitable for practical promotion and application.

[0188] The reduction ranges of turbidity were from 40→10 NTU, from 60→15 NTU, and from 80→20 NTU respectively, with a reduction rate of 75%. The cyanobacteria concentration decreased by 99%, and the SS removal rate was 85%. The new aeration head avoids bottom sludge agitation. The compartmentalized cultivation and coordinated bacterial agent dosing improve the water transparency and self-purification ability, and the effect far exceeds that of the traditional technology, verifying the optimization effect of the invention.

[0189] The wireless communication module SIM7600G supports cloud data synchronization. The three examples can all be remotely monitored, and the data of the utilization rate of the bacterial agent and energy consumption provide a basis for subsequent optimization. The modular design and self-learning ability of the invention are convenient for expansion to larger-scale water bodies such as lakes and rivers, and have broad application prospects.

[0190] Comprehensive analysis and verification of technical effects. Consistent with the expected effects: The experimental results highly coincide with the beneficial effects. The pollutant removal rate of 87%-90%, the resource utilization rate of 82%-88%, and the improvement in water quality with a 75% reduction in turbidity all meet or exceed the expectations, proving the feasibility of the technical solution. It can respond quickly: In Example 3, NH3-N was reduced from 70 mg / L to 8 mg / L and COD was reduced from 300 mg / L to 40 mg / L within 12 hours, exceeding the effect that traditional technologies can achieve in 24 hours. It can quickly achieve cyanobacteria inhibition. In Example 2, the cyanobacteria concentration decreased by 99%, and the pH and DO were rapidly optimized. The pH decreased from 9.5 to 7.2 and the DO increased from 2.0 to 7.5 mg / L within 24 hours, indicating the unique advantages of the device in ecological restoration. It can quickly achieve suspended solid control. In Example 3, SS decreased from 200 mg / L to 30 mg / L, which is attributed to the design of the new aeration head 12. It is difficult for traditional devices to achieve such a significant sedimentation effect. The experimental data show that the combination of compartment cultivation, new aeration heads, and intelligent control produces a synergistic effect that cannot be foreseen by simple improvements to existing technologies.

[0191] Final conclusion, the optimized three examples fully verify the technical advantages of the invention: it is significantly superior to traditional methods in terms of accuracy, intelligence, resource conservation, environmental adaptability, stability, and treatment effects. The experimental data show that the device can treat highly polluted water bodies to a safe level within 24 hours, with a 99% reduction in cyanobacteria concentration, a reduction in turbidity and suspended solids of more than 75%, while maintaining a high resource utilization rate of 82%-88% and a low energy consumption of 0.9-1.2 kWh. These results not only achieve the expected goals but also demonstrate unexpected rapid response and ecological optimization effects, providing an efficient and sustainable solution for water body treatment.

[0192] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains can make various modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A water treatment device with slow release of solid-liquid bacterial agents, characterized in that, Comprising: A bearing system, which includes a floating drum (2) and a biofilm (1). The floating drum (2) is used to provide buoyancy for the equipment and is positioned on the riverbed by a rope. The biofilm (1) is used for the implantation of bacterial agents and enters the water body with the water flow. A lower cultivation chamber (6), which is used for cultivating solid bacterial agents and includes a water inlet chamber (18), a cultivation chamber A (19), and a cultivation chamber B (20). The water inlet chamber (18) is connected to the external water body through a water pump (3) and is provided with an ultraviolet lamp (14). The cultivation chamber A (19) and the cultivation chamber B (20) are respectively connected to the water inlet chamber (18) through a water outlet pipe (17), and both are internally provided with volcanic rock fillers (16), an aeration device, and a heating rod (8). The top of the lower cultivation chamber (6) is provided with a lower cultivation chamber cover (21) and a feeding cover A (15). An upper cultivation chamber (7), which is used for cultivating liquid bacterial agents. The upper cultivation chamber (7) is connected to the water inlet chamber (18) through a pipeline, and a solenoid valve (9) is provided on the pipeline to control the water outlet frequency. The top of the upper cultivation chamber (7) is provided with a culture medium addition tank (24) and an exhaust port (25), and a heating rod (8) is provided at the lower part. An aeration system, which includes an aerator (11) and a new type of aeration head (12). The outlet of the aerator (11) is divided into two paths. The first path leads to the cultivation chamber A (19) and the cultivation chamber B (20), and the second path leads to the new type of aeration head (12). The new type of aeration head (12) includes a conical floating head (29) with a closed upper end, a cavity with air holes in the middle (30), and a counterweight at the lower end (31). The cavity with air holes (30) is internally provided with an aerobic bacterial agent package (34). The bottom of the cavity with air holes (30) is connected to a Y-shaped inclined three-way joint (32), and a one-way water stop valve (33) is provided at the lower part of the Y-shaped inclined three-way joint (32). A control system, which is used to detect the water environment and process and control the water power system, the aeration system, and the bacterial agent release frequency.

2. The water treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a water power system, which includes a water pump A (3) and a water pump B (22). The water pump A (3) is used to pump the external water body into the water inlet chamber (18), and the water pump B (22) is used to pump the water in the water inlet chamber (18) to the upper cultivation chamber (7).

3. The water treatment device according to claim 1, wherein The heating rods (8) in the cultivation chamber A (19) and the cultivation chamber B (20) control the water temperature at 28 - 32 °C. The volcanic rock fillers (16) are used for the attachment and reproduction of solid bacterial agents. The aeration device includes a bubble stone (13). The culture medium in the culture medium addition tank (24) of the upper cultivation chamber (7) is added by self-flow according to the liquid level change. The heating rod (8) controls the water temperature at 28 - 32 °C, which is suitable for the cultivation of anaerobic bacterial agents.

4. The water treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air holes in the cavity with air holes (30) of the new type of aeration head (12) are located 10 - 30 cm below the water surface. The Y-shaped inclined three-way joint (32) sucks the water body into the cavity with air holes (30) through negative pressure, mixes with the aerobic bacterial agent package (34), and then forms a jet flow into the water body.

5. The water treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control system includes a detection end, a processing end, and an execution end. The detection end includes the following sensors, which are used to monitor the water body and equipment operation parameters in real time: Water quality sensors monitor ammonia nitrogen and chemical oxygen demand. One is installed inside the water inlet chamber (18), near the inlet of the water outlet pipe (17), to monitor the initial water quality entering the cultivation chamber; Another one is installed in the target water body, at the air outlet of the new aeration head (12), to monitor the water quality after treatment. The water quality sensor is connected to the junction box through a waterproof cable. The junction box is fixed on the outside of the lower cultivation chamber cover (21). The sensor outputs a 4 - 20 mA analog signal, which is collected by the junction box and then connected to the analog input port of the embedded controller through a shielded cable; pH sensors monitor the pH value of the water body and the cultivation chamber. One is installed inside cultivation chamber A (19), fixed on the volcanic rock filler (16); one is installed inside cultivation chamber B (20), fixed on the volcanic rock filler (16); one is installed inside the upper cultivation chamber (7), fixed below the culture medium addition tank (24); one is installed in the target water body. Each sensor is connected to the junction box through a special waterproof cable. The junction box is fixed on the outside of the lower cultivation chamber cover (21), and outputs an RS485 digital signal. After being converted into a single - channel signal by the RS485 conversion module in the junction box, it is connected to the RS485 interface of the embedded controller through a shielded cable; Dissolved oxygen sensors monitor the dissolved oxygen concentration. One is installed inside cultivation chamber A (19), fixed on the bubble stone (13); one is installed inside cultivation chamber B (20), fixed on the bubble stone (13); one is installed in the target water body. The dissolved oxygen sensor is connected to the junction box through a waterproof cable. The junction box is fixed on the outside of the lower cultivation chamber cover (21), and outputs a 4 - 20 mA analog signal. After being collected by the junction box, it is connected to the analog input port of the embedded controller through a shielded cable; Non - contact liquid level sensors (26): Monitor the water level in the cultivation chamber. One is installed at the top of the upper cultivation chamber (7), fixed beside the exhaust port (25), with the probe facing down vertically towards the water surface; one is installed at the top of cultivation chamber A (19), fixed on the inside of the lower cultivation chamber cover (21), with the probe facing down towards the volcanic rock filler (16) above; one is installed at the top of cultivation chamber B (20), fixed on the inside of the lower cultivation chamber cover (21), with the probe facing down towards the volcanic rock filler (16) above. The non - contact liquid level sensors (26) are connected to the junction box through a waterproof cable. The junction box is fixed on the outside of the lower cultivation chamber cover (21), and outputs a 4 - 20 mA analog signal. After being collected by the junction box, it is connected to the analog input port of the embedded controller through a shielded cable; The processing end includes the following control devices and algorithm processing modules for data analysis and instruction generation: Embedded controller: Processes sensor data and executes algorithms; Wireless communication module: Realizes remote data transmission, The embedded controller receives sensor data through the interface. After internal algorithm processing, it is connected to the execution end through the relay module or PWM signal; the wireless communication module is connected to the controller through the USB interface to achieve cloud data interaction; The execution end includes the following hardware modules for executing control instructions: Solenoid valve (9), controls the release frequency of the liquid bacterial agent in the upper cultivation chamber (7); Heating rod (8): adjust the water temperature in the cultivation room to 28-32°C; Water pump A (3): pumps water into the water inlet chamber (18); Water pump B (22): transports water to the upper cultivation chamber (7); Aerator (11): provides oxygen to the cultivation room and the new aeration head (12); The solenoid valve (9), the heating rod (8), the water pump A (3), the water pump B (22) and the aerator (11) are connected to the embedded controller via a relay module and receive a switch signal or a PWM speed regulation signal.

6. A water body treatment method, characterized in that, Based on a water treatment device with slow release of solid and liquid bacterial agents, the treatment process is automatically adjusted according to the water pollution situation, including the following steps: Water sampling and pretreatment: water is pumped into the water inlet chamber (18) of the device by a water pump A (3), and the water is sterilized by an ultraviolet lamp (14); Solid bacterial agent cultivation and release: the pretreated water body is transported to the cultivation chamber A (19) and the cultivation chamber B (20) respectively, different types of solid bacterial agent packages are added to the cultivation chamber A (19) and the cultivation chamber B (20), culture medium is added, the water temperature is controlled to 28-32°C by the heating rod (8), and oxygen is provided by the aeration device to promote the reproduction of the solid bacterial agent on the volcanic stone filler (16), and the cultivated solid bacterial agent enters the water body with the overflow; (3) Liquid bacterial agent cultivation and release: the pretreated water body is transported to the upper cultivation chamber (7) by the water pump B (22), liquid bacterial agent is added to the upper cultivation chamber (7), culture medium is supplemented by the culture medium adding tank (24), the water temperature is controlled to 28-32°C by the heating rod (8), and the liquid bacterial agent is released into the water body at a fixed time by the electromagnetic valve (9); Aeration and bacterial agent coordinated governance: air is supplied to the cultivation chamber A (19), the cultivation chamber B (20) and the new aeration head (12) through the aerator (11); the new aeration head (12) has an aerobic bacterial agent bag (34) built in, and the water body and the gas are mixed and released into the water body by the negative pressure effect of the Y-shaped inclined tee (32); Automatic adjustment: According to the type of water pollution, the water inlet frequency, the type of bacterial agent and the release time are adjusted through the control system. When the ammonia nitrogen and COD of the water are high, the cultivation chamber A (19) and the cultivation chamber B (20) are added with solid bacterial agents for degrading ammonia nitrogen, and the upper cultivation chamber (7) is added with liquid bacterial agents for degrading organic matter; when the water body shows signs of blue algae outbreak, the cultivation chamber A (19) and the cultivation chamber B (20) are added with solid bacterial agents for degrading ammonia nitrogen, and the upper cultivation chamber (7) is added with liquid bacterial agents for lowering pH value, and the water fluidity is enhanced through the aeration system.

7. The water body treatment method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The culture medium in step (2) includes carbohydrates, nitrogen substances, inorganic salts, vitamins and water, which are made into blocks in a certain proportion and slowly dissolved in the culture chamber A (19) and the culture chamber B (20).

8. The water body treatment method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the automatic adjustment of the steps, the steps of realizing automatic delivery and precise control of the microbial agent by establishing an intelligent and integrated comprehensive control system are further included, as follows: Step 1, Parameter acquisition and preprocessing: Deploy multi-point sensors in the water treatment equipment and the target water body, including water quality sensors, water level sensors, pH sensors, and dissolved oxygen sensors, to collect the ammonia nitrogen concentration, chemical oxygen demand, pH value, dissolved oxygen concentration, and water level data in the cultivation chamber of the water body in real time; preprocess the collected data through a filtering algorithm to remove noise interference and ensure data accuracy; Step 2, Data transmission and integration: Transmit the preprocessed multi-parameter data to the integrated control system through a wireless communication module, update the cloud database in real time, and generate a multi-dimensional data matrix for subsequent analysis; Step 3, Big data analysis and decision-making: Use big data algorithms to process the real-time data matrix, calculate the dosage of the bacterial agent, release frequency, bacterial agent concentration, and aeration intensity. The specific algorithm formulas are as follows. Bacterial agent dosage calculation formula: Q t = k1·(NH3-N - NH3-N0) 2 + k2·(COD - COD0) 2 + k3·|pH - pH0| + k4·(DO0 - DO); Q t : The amount of bactericide to be put in per unit time, NH3-N: Real-time ammonia nitrogen concentration, NH3-N0: Target ammonia nitrogen concentration, COD: Real-time chemical oxygen demand, COD0: Target COD value, pH: Real-time pH value, pH0: Target pH value, DO: Real-time dissolved oxygen concentration, DO0: Target dissolved oxygen concentration, k1, k2, k3, k4: Weight coefficients, calibrated through experiments according to the bactericide type and water body characteristics. The above formula uses square terms and absolute value terms to enhance the sensitivity to severely exceeded parameters; Release frequency calculation formula: F r : Bacteria agent release frequency, V c : Effective volume of the cultivation chamber, C b : Standard concentration of bacteria agent, T c : Action time of the bacteria agent for a single application. By introducing the bacteria agent concentration variable, the release frequency is ensured to match the actual bacteria agent concentration; Bacterial agent concentration adjustment formula: C′ b : Adjusted concentration of microbial agent, C b : Initial concentration of microbial agent, DO: Real-time dissolved oxygen concentration, DO m : Dissolved oxygen concentration for optimal reproduction of microbial agent, α: Concentration adjustment coefficient, ranging from 0.1 to 0.5, determined according to the type of microbial agent, and optimizing the reproduction efficiency by dynamically adjusting the concentration of microbial agent based on the dissolved oxygen deviation; Aeration intensity optimization formula: I a : Adjusted aeration intensity; I0: Basic aeration intensity; NH3-N and COD: Respectively the real-time ammonia nitrogen and COD concentrations, NH3-N0 and COD0 are respectively the target ammonia nitrogen and COD concentrations, β: Aeration adjustment coefficient, ranging from 0.2 to 0.8, determined according to the water volume, by dynamically adjusting the aeration volume according to the pollution load to enhance the activity of aerobic bacteria; Step 4, Automatic execution and coordinated control: According to the calculation results, the integrated control system automatically adjusts the water inflow of water pump A (3) and water pump B (22), the switching frequency of the solenoid valve (9), the bacterial agent concentration in the cultivation chamber, and the air supply volume of the aerator (11) to achieve the on-demand dosing of the bacterial agent in cultivation chamber A (19), cultivation chamber B (20), and the upper cultivation chamber (7). At the same time, the aerobic bacterial agent package (34) is released in coordination through the new aeration head (12) without manual intervention Step 5, Feedback optimization and resource assessment: Continuously monitor the water treatment effect through sensors, compare the treated data with the target values, dynamically update the weight coefficients k1, k2, k3, k4, α, and β, and calculate the resource waste rate. The resource waste assessment formula is as follows: W r : Resource waste rate; Q t : Theoretical dosage of microbial inoculum; Q e : Dosage of actually effectively utilized microbial inoculum. By evaluating the utilization efficiency of microbial inoculum, the dosing strategy is optimized; Step 6, Self-learning iteration: Store the real-time data and optimized parameters of each treatment in the cloud database, and use machine learning algorithms to iteratively train the weight coefficients and adjustment coefficients to improve the adaptability of the system to complex water environments.

9. The water body treatment method according to claim 6, wherein, In step (4), the air outlet holes of the air outlet cavity (30) of the new aeration head (12) are located 10 - 30 cm below the water surface, avoiding bottom mud agitation and improving water transparency.

10. The water body treatment method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step (5), the control system monitors the liquid level of the upper cultivation chamber (7) through a non-contact liquid level sensor (26) and automatically starts or stops water pump B (22) to achieve the continuity of liquid bacterial agent cultivation.

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