Semi-solid waterproof self-setting plugging material and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a semi-solid waterproof self-setting plugging material and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of new materials. By adopting a semi-solid base material compounded by the silicone rubber elastomer and the polyethylene wax, combining a synergistic hydrophobic system of the nano silicon dioxide aerogel and the organic fluorine agent, flame-retardant enhancement of the china clay powder and mechanical support of the aramid fiber / carbon fiber cloth, the waterproof plugging material for the electric instrument equipment can keep semi-solid flexibility for a long time, and the waterproof plugging material has the advantages that the waterproof plugging material has excellent waterproof performance; the material can be tightly attached to a complex special-shaped structure and can be peeled without damage, permeation resistance is remarkably improved, complete sealing of micron-sized pores is ensured through the self-setting characteristic, meanwhile, the material is endowed with excellent flame retardant performance through the high-temperature sintering characteristic of the porcelain clay powder, and the problems that a traditional material is hard to detach after hardening, leaks due to aging and is poor in adaptability are solved. The waterproof service life of electric equipment is obviously prolonged; and the maintenance cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of new materials, and particularly to a semi-solid waterproof self-setting sealing material and its application. Background Art

[0002] Waterproof materials refer to a class of functional materials that prevent the penetration of liquids (especially water) through physical barriers or chemical hydrophobic effects, and are widely used in fields such as construction, electronics, and transportation. In industrial scenarios, the waterproof sealing of electrical and instrumentation equipment (including electrical instruments, control boxes, junction boxes, cable joints, etc.) is a key link to ensure the safe operation of the equipment. Electrical and instrumentation equipment usually needs to be exposed to complex outdoor environments (such as rain, humidity, temperature fluctuations) for a long time, and its structure has a large number of small gaps, holes, and irregular interfaces (such as cable perforations with a diameter less than 10 mm, threaded connections), which pose extremely high requirements for the flexibility, durability, and construction adaptability of waterproof materials.

[0003] Currently, the mainstream materials for waterproof sealing of electrical and instrumentation equipment have significant defects. Mud-based materials (such as butyl putty, asphalt sealant) are plastic in the initial stage of construction, but their hardness increases sharply after curing, and they cannot adapt to the deformation of the equipment caused by vibration or thermal expansion and contraction, resulting in cracking of the sealing layer; more seriously, such materials form a rigid bond with the equipment surface, and during maintenance, they need to be forcibly removed with tools, which is extremely easy to damage the equipment shell or leave debris that is difficult to clean. Silicone rubber materials (such as room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber) have a certain elasticity, but under long-term ultraviolet irradiation and high and low temperature cycles outdoors, the molecular chains are prone to breakage, manifested as surface powdering and cracking, and the interfacial adhesion force between the cured material and the substrate gradually decays, and water penetrates along the bonding interface to form hidden leakage channels. Building waterproofing membranes (such as SBS modified asphalt membranes, polymer self-adhesive membranes) are designed for large-area flat waterproofing, with a large thickness (usually exceeding 2 mm) and poor flexibility, making it difficult to closely fit the fine structure of electrical and instrumentation equipment (such as special-shaped holes, concave and convex surfaces), and it is easy to generate sealing blind spots after cutting and splicing, and the construction efficiency is low, unable to meet the rapid repair requirements of electrical and instrumentation equipment.

[0004] The above material defects directly lead to three major pain points in the waterproof sealing of electrical and instrumentation equipment: First, the sealing layer loses its ability to closely fit complex structures due to material hardening or aging, forming a leakage hazard; second, the material life does not match the equipment maintenance cycle, and frequent replacement increases the operation and maintenance costs; third, the demolition process is highly destructive, affecting the equipment reuse rate. Therefore, developing a waterproof sealing material with semi-solid flexibility, long-term weather resistance, precise adaptability, and reversible construction characteristics has become an urgent need to solve the waterproof problem of electrical and instrumentation equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a semi-solid waterproof self-curing sealing material and its application, which has the characteristics of semi-solid flexibility, long-term weather resistance, precise adaptability and reversible construction characteristics.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a semi-solid waterproof self-curing sealing material, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0008] 30-40 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber, 5-10 parts of phenyl silicone rubber, 10-15 parts of polyethylene wax, 6-10 parts of composite waterproof agent, 4-7 parts of flame retardant, 5-8 parts of reinforcing fiber material and 4-6 parts of auxiliary agent.

[0009] Preferably, the composite waterproof agent contains nano-silica aerogel and organic fluorine waterproof agent.

[0010] Preferably, the flame retardant is kaolin powder.

[0011] Preferably, the reinforcing fiber material includes aramid cloth and / or carbon fiber cloth.

[0012] Preferably, the auxiliary agent includes one or more of plasticizer, coupling agent, anti-aging agent and dispersant.

[0013] Preferably, the plasticizer can be selected from dioctyl phthalate (DOP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), tributyl acetyl citrate, epoxidized soybean oil, dioctyl adipate (DOA), trioctyl trimellitate (TOTM), diisononyl cyclohexanedicarboxylate (DINCH), polypropylene adipate (PPA), dioctyl terephthalate (DOTP), chlorinated paraffin-52.

[0014] Preferably, the coupling agent can be selected from γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH-550), γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH-560), methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH-570), isopropyltri(dioctylpyrophosphato)titanate (NDZ-201), zirconate coupling agent (LZ-44), aluminate coupling agent (DL-411), isocyanate coupling agent (TDI), titanate coupling agent (NDZ-101), zirconium aluminate coupling agent (JN-114), silane coupling agent (A-172).

[0015] Preferably, the anti-aging agent can be selected from antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 168, antioxidant 1076, antioxidant BHT, antioxidant DLTP, ultraviolet absorber UV-531, ultraviolet absorber UV-326, ultraviolet absorber UV-9, ultraviolet absorber UV-770, antioxidant CA.

[0016] Preferably, the dispersant can be selected from zinc stearate, sodium polyacrylate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), tricalcium phosphate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (OP-10), polyethylene glycol (PEG), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate (Tween 80), and silane-modified polycarboxylate.

[0017] The present invention provides the application of the above semi-solid waterproof self-setting sealing material in the waterproof sealing of electrical and instrument equipment.

[0018] Advantages of the present invention:

[0019] By adopting a semi-solid matrix material composed of a silicone rubber elastomer and polyethylene wax, combining a synergistic hydrophobic system of nano-silica aerogel and organic fluorine agent, as well as the flame retardant enhancement of kaolin powder and the mechanical support of aramid / carbon fiber cloth, the present invention realizes that the waterproof sealing material for electrical and instrument equipment can maintain semi-solid flexibility for a long time, can closely fit complex and irregular structures and be peeled off without damage, significantly improves the anti-permeability, the self-setting characteristic ensures the complete sealing of micron-sized pores, and at the same time, the high-temperature sintering characteristic of kaolin powder endows the material with excellent flame retardant performance, solves the problems of difficult disassembly after hardening, aging and leakage, and poor adaptability of traditional materials, significantly extends the waterproof life of electrical and instrument equipment and reduces the maintenance cost. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is the process flow chart of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is the test chart ① of the salt spray and seawater immersion experiment;

[0022] Figure 3 It is the test chart ② of the salt spray and seawater immersion experiment;

[0023] Figure 4 It is the test chart ③ of the salt spray and seawater immersion experiment;

[0024] Figure 5 It is the test chart ④ of the salt spray and seawater immersion experiment;

[0025] Figure 6 It is the test chart ⑤ of the salt spray and seawater immersion experiment;

[0026] Figure 7 It is the test chart ⑥ of the salt spray and seawater immersion experiment;

[0027] Figure 8 It is the test chart ① of the waterproof experiment:

[0028] Figure 9 It is the test chart ② of the waterproof experiment:

[0029] Figure 10For the waterproof experiment test diagram ③:

[0030] Figure 11 For the waterproof experiment test diagram ④:

[0031] Figure 12 For the water absorption experiment test result diagram. Specific implementation manners

[0032] The semi-solid electrical instrument waterproof self-curing sealing sheet (roll) material provided by the present invention is specifically used for the waterproof sealing of electrical instrument equipment, and the invention has the following functions:

[0033] It has semi-solid properties; a modified silicone rubber elastomer and polyethylene wax are selected as the semi-solid matrix materials, which are semi-solid at room temperature, have good flexibility, high and low temperature resistance, and chemical stability. In the temperature range of -40°C to 120°C, it can always maintain semi-solid characteristics without embrittlement or flowing. The main components include 30%-40% of methyl vinyl silicone rubber, 5%-10% of phenyl silicone rubber, and 10%-15% of polyethylene wax.

[0034] It has waterproof properties and the surface is waterproof like a lotus leaf, with raindrops forming beads; a composite system of nano-silica aerogel and organofluorine waterproofing agent is added. Nano-silica aerogel has extremely low porosity and ultra-high specific surface area, which can effectively fill the tiny pores inside the matrix material and block the water penetration path; the organofluorine waterproofing agent forms a hydrophobic film with extremely low surface energy on the surface of the roll material, making water unable to adhere to and penetrate the surface of the roll material, thus having the property of waterproof surface like a lotus leaf and raindrops forming beads.

[0035] It has flame retardant and fire resistance properties; pure kaolin powder is added. The main chemical components of kaolin powder are aluminum oxide and silicon dioxide. Aluminum oxide has a very high melting point, about 2054°C, and the melting point of silicon dioxide is also as high as 1713°C. With the increase of temperature, the sintering of kaolin powder causes volume shrinkage, porosity reduction, density increase, and mechanical property enhancement.

[0036] It has sheet (roll) material properties; it is immersed in high-performance non-woven aramid fiber cloth and carbon fiber short cut fiber cloth, and is randomly and evenly dispersed in the matrix material. They can build a stable reinforcement network, significantly improving the tensile and tear resistance of the roll material, ensuring that the roll material will not be damaged due to external forces during construction and long-term use.

[0037] Auxiliaries: A variety of functional auxiliaries are equipped, such as plasticizers to further improve the flexibility of the matrix material and make it easier to fit the complex surface of electrical instrument equipment; coupling agents to enhance the interfacial bonding force between components and ensure the stability of the overall material performance; ultraviolet absorbers and antioxidants to effectively resist the aging erosion of environmental factors such as ultraviolet rays and oxygen on the roll material and extend the service life of the roll material.

[0038] The technical solution provided by the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0039] Embodiment 1

[0040] The raw material formula used in this embodiment is as follows:

[0041] Semi-solid matrix material: 30% methyl vinyl silicone rubber, 10% phenyl silicone rubber, 15% polyethylene wax, 15% industrial white oil No. 10

[0042] Waterproof component: 3% nano-silica aerogel, 5% organic fluorine waterproofing agent perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane

[0043] Flame retardant component: 5% kaolin powder

[0044] Reinforcing fiber: 8% non-woven aramid fiber cloth

[0045] Auxiliary agent system: 1% plasticizer acetyl tributyl citrate ATBC, 1% coupling agent bis(ethylenediamine)titanate GR-311, 0.3% antioxidant 1010, 1% dispersant sodium polyacrylate, 3% coloring agent aluminum paste

[0046] Manufacturing process:

[0047] 1. Raw material pretreatment: All raw materials are strictly screened to remove impurities and foreign matters. The semi-solid matrix material, waterproofing agent, reinforcing fiber and auxiliary agents are respectively dried to ensure that the water content of the raw materials is controlled at an extremely low level (less than 0.1%) to avoid adverse effects of moisture on the material properties and subsequent processing.

[0048] 2. Premixing and dispersion: First, add other raw materials except the reinforcing fiber into a high-speed stirrer and stir at 150 r / min for 15 minutes to preliminarily disperse the materials and form a uniform premix.

[0049] 3. Heating and stirring: Add the premix into a heating and stirring kettle. Carry out sufficient mixing at a temperature of 140 °C and a rotation speed of 200 r / min for 200 minutes. Through the high-temperature and high-speed mixing process, each component is fully fused at the molecular level to form a uniform and stable blend.

[0050] 4. Coil forming and processing: Pour the mixed material into a customized heating tank, soak the non-woven aramid fiber cloth into the heating tank, control the temperature of the heating tank at 150 °C, and the cloth is immersed in the material at a speed of 1.5 m / min to produce a coil with a thickness of 2 mm and a width of 0.75 m, ensuring that the coil has a uniform thickness and a flat surface.

[0051] 5. Post-slitting treatment: The formed coil is quickly cooled to room temperature by an air-cooling or water-cooling device to be shaped. Finally, it is slit and packaged according to standard dimensions. The packaging material is a moisture-proof, weather-resistant, and UV-resistant composite material to ensure the quality stability of the product during storage and transportation. The process flow chart is as shown in Figure 1 shown.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] The difference from Example 1 is that the raw material formula is:

[0054] Semi-solid matrix material: 30% methyl vinyl silicone rubber, 10% phenyl silicone rubber, 15% polyethylene wax, 15% industrial white oil No. 10

[0055] Waterproof component: 3% nano-silica aerogel, 5% organic fluorine waterproofing agent perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane

[0056] Flame retardant component: 5% kaolin powder

[0057] Reinforcing fiber: 8% non-woven polyethylene fiber cloth

[0058] Additive system: 1% plasticizer acetyl tributyl citrate ATBC, 1% coupling agent bis(2-ethylhexyl)titanate GR-311, 0.3% antioxidant 1010, 1% dispersant sodium polyacrylate, 3% colorant aluminum paste

[0059] Example 3

[0060] The difference from Example 1 is that the raw material formula is:

[0061] Semi-solid matrix material: 30% methyl vinyl silicone rubber, 10% phenyl silicone rubber, 15% polyethylene wax, 15% industrial white oil No. 10

[0062] Waterproof component: 3% nano-silica aerogel, 5% organic fluorine waterproofing agent perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane

[0063] Flame retardant component: 5% kaolin powder

[0064] Reinforcing fiber: 8% non-woven polypropylene fiber cloth

[0065] Additive system: 1% plasticizer acetyl tributyl citrate ATBC, 1% coupling agent bis(2-ethylhexyl)titanate GR-311, 0.3% antioxidant 1010, 1% dispersant sodium polyacrylate, 3% colorant aluminum paste

[0066] Example 4

[0067] The difference from Example 1 is that the raw material formula is:

[0068] Semi-solid matrix material: 35% methyl vinyl silicone rubber, 5% phenyl silicone rubber, 15% polyethylene wax, 15% industrial white oil No. 10

[0069] Waterproof component: 3% nano-silica aerogel, 5% organic fluorine waterproofing agent perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane

[0070] Flame retardant component: 5% kaolin powder

[0071] Reinforcing fiber: 8% non-woven aramid fiber cloth

[0072] Auxiliary agent system: 1% plasticizer acetyl tributyl citrate ATBC, 1% coupling agent bis(ethylene)titanate GR-311, 0.3% antioxidant 1010, 1% dispersant sodium polyacrylate, 3% coloring agent aluminum paste

[0073] Example 5

[0074] The difference from Example 1 is that the raw material formula is as follows:

[0075] Semi-solid matrix material: 35% methyl vinyl silicone rubber, 5% phenyl silicone rubber, 15% polyethylene wax, 15% industrial white oil No. 10

[0076] Waterproof component: 3% nano-silica aerogel, 5% organic fluorine waterproofing agent perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane

[0077] Flame retardant component: 5% kaolin powder

[0078] Reinforcing fiber: 8% non-woven polyethylene fiber cloth

[0079] Auxiliary agent system: 1% plasticizer acetyl tributyl citrate ATBC, 1% coupling agent bis(ethylene)titanate GR-311, 0.3% antioxidant 1010, 1% dispersant sodium polyacrylate, 3% coloring agent aluminum paste

[0080] Example 6

[0081] The difference from Example 1 is that the raw material formula is as follows:

[0082] Semi-solid matrix material: 35% methyl vinyl silicone rubber, 5% phenyl silicone rubber, 15% polyethylene wax, 15% industrial white oil No. 10

[0083] Waterproof component: 3% nano-silica aerogel, 5% organic fluorine waterproofing agent perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane

[0084] Flame retardant component: 5% kaolin powder

[0085] Reinforcing fiber: 8% non-woven polypropylene fiber cloth

[0086] Auxiliary agent system: 1% acetyl tributyl citrate (ATBC) as plasticizer, 1% bis(2-ethylhexyl) titanate (GR-311) as coupling agent, 0.3% antioxidant 1010, 1% sodium polyacrylate as dispersant, 3% aluminum paste as coloring agent.

[0087] Experimental examples

[0088] Salt spray and seawater immersion test: Immersion in 5% sodium chloride solution for 32 days. Method: Select two sections of 20# carbon steel and wrap one end with two pieces of the semi-solid waterproof self-setting sealing material prepared in Example 1, and then immerse all of them in a 5% sodium chloride solution (note: the average concentration of seawater is equivalent to a 3.5% sodium chloride solution) for 32 days, as Figures 2 - 7 shown.

[0089] The experimental test results show that after immersion in a 5% sodium chloride solution for 32 days, there is no rust on the part of the steel pipe wrapped by the semi-solid waterproof self-setting sealing material prepared in Example 1, and the steel pipe remains as bright as new; the semi-solid waterproof self-setting sealing material prepared in Example 1 used for wrapping also remains in its original state without change, can be peeled off and removed, and can be closed and wrapped again.

[0090] Flame retardancy test: Horizontal burning performance

[0091] Method: In accordance with the standard of GB / T 2408-2008 "Plastics - Determination of burning behavior - Horizontal and vertical methods", this standard stipulates the test method, specimen requirements, test equipment, test procedures and result evaluation of the horizontal burning performance of plastics.

[0092] Experimental test results: The semi-solid waterproof self-setting sealing materials prepared in Examples 1 to 6 were tested according to the standard. The results show that the burning characteristics of the evaluated materials are at the HB level, as shown in Table 1 below.

[0093] Table 1 Horizontal flame retardancy test

[0094]

[0095] Waterproof test: Waterproof grade detection

[0096] Method: Take a glass tube and seal both ends of the glass tube with two pieces of the semi-solid waterproof self-setting sealing material obtained in Example 1 ( Figure 8 ), then immerse the sealed tube in water at a depth of 1.5 meters for 30 minutes ( Figure 9 ), then take out the sealed tube from the water ( Figure 10 ), and open one end of the sealed tube with the semi-solid waterproof self-setting sealing material obtained in Example 1 (peelable) to observe whether there is any sign of water inside the tube ( Figure 11 ).

[0097] The experimental test results show that the semi-solid waterproof self-setting sealing materials prepared in Examples 1-6 are used for sealing, and the waterproof level of the materials is IPX8 according to the waterproof level tested and evaluated in accordance with the standard GB / T 4208-2017 "Degree of protection provided by enclosures".

[0098] Insulation experimental test: Resistance value detection

[0099] Method: According to the test method, specimen requirements, test equipment, test steps, etc. of insulation resistance in GB / T31838.4-2019 "Dielectric and resistive properties of solid insulating materials - Part 4: Resistive properties (DC method) - Insulation resistance".

[0100] Experimental test results: The semi-solid waterproof self-setting sealing materials prepared in Examples 1-6 are tested and evaluated according to the standard. The results show that the insulation resistance of the materials > 1.0×1012Ω, as shown in Table 2 below.

[0101] Table 2 Insulation resistance test

[0102] Test value Example 1 1.0×1012Ω Example 2 1.0×1013Ω Example 3 1.0×1012Ω Example 4 1.0×1013Ω Example 5 1.0×1012Ω Example 6 1.0×1013Ω

[0103] Water absorption experimental test:

[0104] Method: According to the test method, specimen requirements, test equipment, test steps, etc. of material water absorption in GB / T 1034-2008 "Determination of water absorption of plastics".

[0105] After using the semi-solid waterproof self-setting sealing material obtained in Example 1 for sealing, sprinkle water on its surface. The result is as Figure 12 shown. The waterproofing is like a lotus leaf, and the rainwater on the material surface forms beads.

[0106] Experimental test results: The semi-solid waterproof self-setting sealing materials prepared in Examples 1-6 are tested and evaluated according to the standard. The results show that the water absorption rate of the materials ≤ 2.10%, as shown in Table 3 below.

[0107] Table 3 Water absorption test

[0108] Initial weight (g) Weight after soaking (g) Water absorption rate (%) Example 1 110.16 112.47 2.00％ Example 2 98.38 99.87 1.51％ Example 3 122.20 124.52 1.89％ Example 4 90.57 91.88 1.44％ Example 5 121.56 123.90 1.19％ Example 6 101.30 102.62 1.30％

[0109] Note: Water absorption rate (%) = (weight after soaking - initial weight) / initial mass × 100%

[0110] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A semi-solid waterproof self-setting sealing material, characterized in that, Comprising the following raw materials by weight parts: 30 - 40 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber, 5 - 10 parts of phenyl silicone rubber, 10 - 15 parts of polyethylene wax, 6 - 10 parts of composite waterproofing agent, 4 - 7 parts of flame retardant, 5 - 8 parts of reinforcing fiber material, and 4 - 6 parts of additives.

2. The semi-solid waterproof self-setting plugging material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite waterproofing agent contains nano - silica aerogel and organofluorine waterproofing agent.

3. The semi-solid waterproof self-curing plugging material according to claim 1, wherein, The flame retardant is kaolin powder.

4. The semi-solid waterproof self-curing plugging material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reinforcing fiber material includes aramid cloth and / or carbon fiber cloth.

5. The semi-solid waterproof self-curing plugging material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The additives include one or several of plasticizer, coupling agent, anti - aging agent, and dispersant.

6. The semi-solid waterproof self-setting plugging material according to claim 5, wherein The plasticizer can be selected from one or several of dioctyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, tributyl acetylcitrate, epoxidized soybean oil, dioctyl adipate, trioctyl trimellitate, diisononyl cyclohexane - 1,2 - dicarboxylate, poly(propylene glycol adipate), dioctyl terephthalate, or chlorinated paraffin - 52.

7. The semi-solid waterproof self-setting plugging material according to claim 5, characterized in that, The coupling agent can be selected from one or several of γ - aminopropyltriethoxysilane, γ - glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, isopropyltri(dioctylpyrophosphate) titanate, zirconate coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent, isocyanate coupling agent, titanate coupling agent, zirconium aluminate coupling agent, or silane coupling agent.

8. The semi-solid waterproof self-setting plugging material according to claim 5, characterized in that, The anti - aging agent can be selected from one or several of antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 168, antioxidant 1076, antioxidant BHT, antioxidant DLTP, ultraviolet absorber UV - 531, ultraviolet absorber UV - 326, ultraviolet absorber UV - 9, ultraviolet absorber UV - 770, or antioxidant CA.

9. The semi-solid waterproof self-setting plugging material according to claim 5, characterized in that, The dispersant can be selected from one or several of zinc stearate, sodium polyacrylate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, tricalcium phosphate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, polyethylene glycol, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, or silane - modified polycarboxylate.

10. Application of the semi - solid waterproof self - setting sealing material according to any one of claims 1 - 9 in waterproof sealing of electrical and instrument equipment.

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