Mesoscopic ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composite material as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a mesoscopic ceramic particle reinforced metal-based composite material and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of metal-based composite material preparation, a heat capacity auxiliary ceramic precursor is prepared, then a steel material melt, a nickel-based alloy melt or other non-ferrous metal melts are cast and permeated into the heat capacity auxiliary ceramic precursor, and the mesoscopic ceramic particle reinforced metal-based composite material is obtained. And the metal-based composite material is obtained. According to the prepared composite material, the thickness of the strengthening layer is controllable, the requirement for the heat capacity of the base body is low, and the preparation quality of the composite material can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of metal matrix composites, and particularly relates to a mesoscopic ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composite material, a preparation method thereof and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composites not only have excellent mechanical properties such as high strength, high toughness, good high-temperature creep properties and fatigue strength, but also have functions such as high thermal conductivity, low expansion, high wear resistance and neutron absorption, and have broad application prospects in the fields of aviation, aerospace, automotive, machinery, electronics and nuclear industry, etc. At the same time, it is also the focus of basic research on new materials in China at present; and, as is well known, the smaller the size of ceramic particles, the higher their dispersion degree, and correspondingly, the better the performance of the prepared ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composite material.

[0003] At present, when traditional wear-resistant ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composites are prepared by the casting infiltration method, the ceramic particles will form an equivalent chill effect, resulting in insufficient infiltration depth and reduced infiltration quality. With the increasing amount of large-scale engineering construction and the increasingly complex construction environment, in order to further improve the wear resistance of tool materials to meet more stringent usage requirements, traditional metal matrix wear-resistant materials need to add more alloy components to adjust wear resistance and toughness. However, this will greatly increase the production cost of the tool. To improve the preparation quality and preparation efficiency of wear-resistant ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composites, a new composite material preparation method is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a mesoscopic ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composite material, a preparation method thereof and an application thereof for solving the technical problems of insufficient infiltration depth and reduced infiltration quality caused by the casting infiltration method for preparing metal matrix composites.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A preparation method of a mesoscopic ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composite material, preparing a heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor, and then casting and infiltrating a molten steel material, a nickel-based alloy melt or other non-ferrous metal melts into the heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor to obtain a metal matrix composite material.

[0006] Preferably, the preparation of the heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor is specifically as follows: Mixing an exothermic agent, an oxidizing agent and a binder to form a heat capacity-assisted composite powder, and then bonding with wear-resistant ceramic particles to form a heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor, wherein the particle size of the wear-resistant ceramic particles is 0.5 - 10 mm, and the mass ratio of the exothermic agent to the oxidizing agent is 1:0.8 - 12.

[0007] Preferably, in the heat capacity-assisted composite powder, the exothermic agent is aluminum powder, the oxidizing agent is nickel sesquioxide, and the binder is sodium silicate.

[0008] Preferably, the particle size of the aluminum powder is 0.1~20 μm, the particle size of the nickel sesquioxide is 0.5~15 μm, and the modulus of the sodium silicate is 2.2~3.2.

[0009] Preferably, the mass ratio of the heat capacity-assisted composite powder to the wear-resistant ceramic particles is 0.06~0.18:1.

[0010] Preferably, the wear-resistant ceramic particles are TiC ceramic particles, TiB2 ceramic particles, or ZTA ceramic particles.

[0011] Preferably, the thickness of the heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor is 5~100 mm, and the mass ratio of the steel material melt, nickel-based alloy melt, or other non-ferrous metal melt to the heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor is 80~1000:1.

[0012] Preferably, in the steel material melt, the iron content is 75%~85%, the chromium content is 12%~26%, and the casting temperature is 1200°C~1700°C; In the nickel-based alloy melt, the nickel content is 75%~85%, the chromium content is 12%~26%, and the casting temperature is 1200°C~1700°C; In the non-ferrous metal melt, the cobalt content is 75%~85%, the chromium content is 12%~26%, and the casting temperature is 1200°C~1700°C.

[0013] Another technical solution of the present invention is a mesoscopic ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composite material.

[0014] Another technical solution of the present invention is based on the application of the mesoscopic ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composite material in construction machinery.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: A preparation method of a mesoscopic ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composite material uses a heat capacity-assisted precursor to release heat during the casting process, promotes the wetting and penetration of the metal melt to the ceramic particles, improves the interfacial bonding strength, can have an exothermic reaction in a closed environment during the preparation process, is not affected by the reaction environment, and has a simple manufacturing process. There is no heating reaction requirement before the final casting, greatly reducing the process requirements for preparing the composite material, can effectively control the thickness of the composite material casting penetration strengthening layer, improve the casting penetration quality, reduce the heat capacity requirement of the composite material matrix, obtain a wear-resistant ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composite material with high bonding strength and few casting penetration defects, is applicable to a variety of metal matrices, broadens the application scenario, and is applicable to wear-resistant components.

[0016] Furthermore, a controllable heat source is provided through the chemical reaction between the exothermic agent and the oxidant to optimize the precursor structure. The exothermic agent reacts with the oxidant to generate heat, reducing the requirement for casting temperature and minimizing the oxidation and grain coarsening of the molten metal caused by high temperature. The particle size range of the ceramic particles ensures a reasonable porosity, facilitating the uniform penetration of the molten metal and avoiding local blockage or excessive shrinkage.

[0017] Furthermore, aluminum powder reacts with NiO to form Al2O3 and nickel metal, with a large and controllable heat release. Meanwhile, alumina reinforcement phases are formed, further enhancing the hardness and wear resistance of the composite material. Sodium silicate optimizes the bonding effect, ensuring the integrity of the precursor structure during high-temperature casting.

[0018] Furthermore, the fine aluminum powder balances the reaction rate and product uniformity, and sodium silicate with a moderate modulus provides high bonding strength, preventing the precursor from collapsing during the casting process. By controlling the particle size of the raw materials and the properties of the binder, the reaction rate and the strength of the preform are optimized.

[0019] Furthermore, the optimized ratio ensures sufficient heat release and the volume fraction of ceramic particles, enhancing the comprehensive performance of the composite material.

[0020] Furthermore, TiC and TiB2 have extremely high hardness (Vickers hardness ≥ 3000 HV), significantly improving the wear resistance of the material; ZTA enhances the impact resistance through the zirconia phase transformation toughening mechanism. The thermal expansion coefficients of the ceramic particles and the metal matrix are close, reducing the interfacial residual stress and preventing crack initiation.

[0021] Furthermore, if the thickness is too thin (<5 mm), it is likely to cause excessive penetration of the metal, damaging the distribution of the reinforcement; if it is too thick (>100 mm), incomplete penetration may occur due to insufficient heat, and the mass ratio range ensures that the metal matrix fully wraps the ceramic particles, forming a continuous network structure with both high toughness and wear resistance.

[0022] Furthermore, the high-chromium cast iron matrix has excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and the nickel-based alloy has outstanding high-temperature performance, suitable for different working conditions. The casting temperature range (1200~1700 °C) ensures good fluidity of the melt, while avoiding the decomposition of ceramic particles or excessive interfacial reaction.

[0023] In summary, the present invention combines in-situ exothermic reaction and casting infiltration process to solve the problems of weak interfacial bonding and uneven distribution of reinforcements in the preparation of traditional composite materials; by utilizing the exothermic reaction between aluminum powder and NiO, the dependence on high casting temperature is reduced, and new phases such as Al2O3 are generated, further enhancing the performance, making the composite material exhibit excellent performance in terms of wear resistance, impact resistance, and high-temperature stability.

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. Description of the Drawings

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings to be used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 It is the macroscopic morphology diagram of the mesoscopic ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composite material in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 It is the microscopic morphology diagram of the mesoscopic ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composite material in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0027] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] In the present invention, if there is no special description, all the implementation manners and preferred implementation methods mentioned in this article can be combined with each other to form new technical solutions.

[0029] In the present invention, if there is no special description, all the technical features and preferred features mentioned in this article can be combined with each other to form new technical solutions.

[0030] In the present invention, if there is no special description, the percentage (%) or part refers to the weight percentage or weight part relative to the composition.

[0031] In the present invention, if there is no special description, the various components or their preferred components involved can be combined with each other to form new technical solutions.

[0032] In the present invention, unless otherwise stated, the numerical range "a~b" represents the abbreviated representation of any real number combination between a and b, where a and b are both real numbers. For example, the numerical range "6~22" means that all real numbers between "6~22" have been fully listed in this article, and "6~22" is only the abbreviated representation of these numerical combinations.

[0033] The "range" disclosed in the present invention can be in the form of one or more lower limits and one or more upper limits respectively.

[0034] In the present invention, the term "and / or" as used herein refers to any combination and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.

[0035] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, each reaction or operation step can be carried out sequentially or in sequence. Preferably, the reaction method herein is carried out sequentially.

[0036] Unless otherwise specified, the professional and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those familiar to those skilled in the art. In addition, any method or material similar or equivalent to the described content can also be applied to the present invention.

[0037] The present invention provides a mesoscopic ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composite material, its preparation method and application. By coating the surface of wear-resistant ceramic particles with heat capacity-assisted composite powder, the obtained heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor can release a large amount of heat in a closed environment, providing heat capacity assistance for the infiltration casting process of steel materials, nickel-based alloys or other non-ferrous metal melts, and a ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composite material with a controllable strengthening layer thickness and a low requirement for the heat capacity of the matrix can be obtained, which can effectively improve the quality of composite material preparation. The prepared ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composite material not only has the characteristics of high strength, good plasticity and impact toughness, and easy forming of metal materials, but also has the advantages of high hardness and high wear resistance of ceramic particles at the same time.

[0038] A preparation method of a mesoscopic ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composite material according to the present invention. After mixing the heat capacity-assisted composite powder with an adhesive, the wear-resistant ceramic particles are bonded to form a heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor; then, a steel material, a nickel-based alloy or other non-ferrous metal melt is poured and infiltrated into the heat capacity-assisted precursor to obtain a metal matrix composite material. The specific steps are as follows: S1. Carry out mixing and bonding treatment by mechanical mixing. Mix each component of the heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor in sequence according to the order of the exothermic agent, the oxidizing agent, the adhesive, and the wear-resistant ceramic particles. Mix the exothermic agent, the oxidizing agent and the adhesive to form a heat capacity-assisted composite powder. The mass ratio of the exothermic agent to the oxidizing agent is 1:0.8 - 12, and the mass ratio of the heat capacity-assisted composite powder to the wear-resistant ceramic particles is 0.06 - 0.18:1; Among them, in the components of the heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor, the exothermic agent is aluminum powder, the oxidizing agent is nickel sesquioxide, the adhesive is sodium silicate, and the wear-resistant ceramic particles are TiC ceramic particles, TiB2 ceramic particles, and ZTA ceramic particles.

[0039] Preferably, the particle size of the aluminum powder is 0.1 - 20 μm, the particle size of the nickel sesquioxide is 0.5 - 15 μm, and the modulus of the sodium silicate is 2.2 - 3.2.

[0040] More preferably, the particle size of the aluminum powder is 0.5~18μm, the particle size of nickel oxide is 0.8~12μm, and the modulus of the sodium silicate is 2.4~3.0.

[0041] Further preferably, the particle size of the aluminum powder is 2~10μm, the particle size of nickel oxide is 2~10μm, and the modulus of the sodium silicate is 2.6~2.8.

[0042] Preferably, the particle size of the wear-resistant ceramic particles is 0.5~10mm. More preferably, the particle size of the wear-resistant ceramic particles is 1~8mm. Further preferably, the particle size of the wear-resistant ceramic particles is 3~6mm.

[0043] Preferably, during the mechanical mixing process, the rotation speed is 10~25rpm, the mixing time is 2~4 hours, and the bonding and shaping time is 4~6 hours.

[0044] More preferably, during the mechanical mixing process, the rotation speed is 12~22rpm, the mixing time is 2.5~3.5 hours, and the bonding and shaping time is 4.5~5.5 hours.

[0045] Further preferably, during the mechanical mixing process, the rotation speed is 15~18rpm, the mixing time is 2.8~3.0 hours, and the bonding and shaping time is 4.8~5.2 hours.

[0046] S2. Pour and infiltrate the molten steel material, nickel-based alloy melt or other non-ferrous metal melt into the heat capacity-assisted precursor to obtain a heat capacity-assisted ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composite material.

[0047] Preferably, the mass ratio of the molten steel material, nickel-based alloy or other non-ferrous metal melt to the heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor is 80~1000:1, and the thickness of the heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor is 5~100mm.

[0048] More preferably, the mass ratio of the molten steel material, nickel-based alloy or other non-ferrous metal melt to the heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor is 100~900:1, and the thickness of the heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor is 20~80mm.

[0049] Further preferably, the mass ratio of the molten steel material, nickel-based alloy or other non-ferrous metal melt to the heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor is 300~600:1, and the thickness of the heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor is 30~60mm.

[0050] Preferably, in the molten steel material, the iron content is 75%~85%, the chromium content is 12%~26%, and the casting temperature is 1200℃~1700℃; In the nickel-based alloy melt, the nickel content is 75%~85%, the chromium content is 12%~26%, and the casting temperature is 1200℃~1700℃; In other non-ferrous metal melts, the cobalt content is 75% - 85%, the chromium content is 12% - 26%, and the casting temperature is 1200°C - 1700°C.

[0051] More preferably, in the steel material melt, the iron content is 78% - 82%, the chromium content is 14% - 22%, and the casting temperature is 1300°C - 1600°C; In the nickel-based alloy melt, the nickel content is 78% - 82%, the chromium content is 14% - 22%, and the casting temperature is 1300°C - 1600°C; In other non-ferrous metal melts, the cobalt content is 78% - 82%, the chromium content is 14% - 22%, and the casting temperature is 1300°C - 1600°C.

[0052] Further preferably, in the steel material melt, the iron content is 80% - 81%, the chromium content is 16% - 20%, and the casting temperature is 1400°C - 1500°C; In the nickel-based alloy melt, the nickel content is 80% - 81%, the chromium content is 16% - 20%, and the casting temperature is 1400°C - 1500°C; In other non-ferrous metal melts, the cobalt content is 80% - 81%, the chromium content is 16% - 20%, and the casting temperature is 1400°C - 1500°C.

[0053] A mesoscopic ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composite material is prepared by the above method, realizing the thickness control of the cast infiltration strengthening layer of the wear-resistant ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composite material. Compared with the traditional cast infiltration process, the cast infiltration depth is increased by 2 times, providing a new solution for the severe wear conditions of large-scale engineering, increasing the service life of important wear-resistant parts by more than 1.5 times, effectively saving the construction cost caused by material wear failure, solving defects such as insufficient pouring, cracks, and pores caused by heat loss in the gaps of the composite material precursor, and forming a metallurgical reaction with the interface of the reinforcement particles, having the advantages of high bonding strength and no defects.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 1 , the cast infiltration layer of the mesoscopic ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composite material is clearly visible and has a reasonable structure.

[0055] Please refer to Figure 2 , the microstructure of the mesoscopic ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composite material has no cast infiltration defects and good interface bonding.

[0056] A mesoscopic ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composite material of the present invention can be applied to the severe wear conditions of large-scale engineering, and is mainly applied to wear-resistant workpieces such as the cutter head of a shield machine, the cutter teeth of a shearer, and the hammer heads of a crusher, which can effectively improve the service life of such wear-resistant materials.

[0057] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] Example 1 Mesoscopic ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composite material for shield machine cutter head 1) Mix the respective exothermic ceramic precursor components in sequence according to the order of exothermic agent, oxidant, binder, and wear-resistant ceramic particles. The components of the heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor are: the exothermic agent is aluminum powder with a particle size of 1 μm, the oxidant is nickel oxide with a particle size of 1 μm, the binder is water glass with a modulus of 3.2, and the wear-resistant ceramic particles are ZTA ceramic particles with a particle size of 10 mm. The mass ratio of the heat capacity-assisted composite powder to the ceramic particles is 0.18:1. Mechanical mixing is used for mixing and bonding treatment, with a rotation speed of 25 rpm, a mixing time of 4 hours, and a bonding and shaping time of 6 hours.

[0059] 2) Use a steel material melt with an iron content of 75% and a chromium content of 25%. Cast and infiltrate it into the heat capacity-assisted precursor at a casting temperature of 1700 °C to obtain a mesoscopic ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composite material. The mass ratio of the steel material melt to the heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor is 1000:1, and the thickness of the heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor is 100 mm.

[0060] Compared with traditional shield machine cutter head materials, the mesoscopic ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composite material for shield machine cutter head prepared by the above method can effectively control the thickness of the composite casting penetration strengthening layer, improve the casting penetration quality, reduce the heat capacity requirements of the composite material matrix, and has the advantages of high bonding strength and few casting penetration defects. There are no size limitations for the components.

[0061] Example 2 Mesoscopic ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composite material for shearer pick 1) Mix the respective exothermic ceramic precursor components in sequence according to the order of exothermic agent, oxidant, binder, and wear-resistant ceramic particles. The components of the heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor are: the exothermic agent is aluminum powder with a particle size of 20 μm, the oxidant is nickel sesquioxide with a particle size of 15 μm, the binder is sodium silicate with a modulus of 2.2, and the wear-resistant ceramic particles are TiC ceramic particles with a particle size of 5 mm. The mass ratio of the heat capacity-assisted composite powder to the ceramic particles is 0.06:1. Mechanical mixing is used for mixing and bonding treatment, with a rotation speed of 10 rpm, a mixing time of 2 hours, and a bonding and shaping duration of 4 hours.

[0062] 2) The nickel-based alloy melt is a nickel-based alloy melt with a nickel content of 85% and a chromium content of 12%. At a casting temperature of 1400 °C, it is cast and infiltrated into the heat capacity-assisted precursor to obtain a mesoscopic ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composite. The mass ratio of the nickel-based alloy melt to the heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor is 80:1, and the thickness of the heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor is 5 mm.

[0063] Compared with the traditional shearer cutter tooth material, the mesoscopic ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composite prepared by the above method can effectively control the thickness of the composite casting penetration strengthening layer, improve the casting penetration quality, reduce the heat capacity requirement of the composite matrix, and has the advantages of high bonding strength and few casting penetration defects. There is no size limit for the components.

[0064] Example 3 Mesoscopic ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composite for crusher hammer 1) Mix the respective exothermic ceramic precursor components in sequence according to the order of exothermic agent, oxidant, binder, and wear-resistant ceramic particles. The components of the heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor are: the exothermic agent is aluminum powder with a particle size of 10 μm, the oxidant is nickel sesquioxide with a particle size of 8 μm, the adhesive is sodium silicate with a modulus of 2.8, and the wear-resistant ceramic particles are TiB2 ceramic particles with a particle size of 8 mm. The mass ratio of the heat capacity-assisted composite powder to the ceramic particles is 0.1:1. Mechanical mixing is used for mixing and bonding treatment, with a rotation speed of 15 rpm, a mixing time of 3 hours, and a bonding and shaping duration of 5 hours.

[0065] 2) The steel material melt is a steel material melt with an iron content of 80% and a chromium content of 17%. At a casting temperature of 1500 °C, it is cast and infiltrated into the heat capacity-assisted precursor to obtain a mesoscopic ceramic particle-reinforced steel matrix composite. The mass ratio of the steel material melt to the heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor is 400:1, and the thickness of the heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor is 40 mm.

[0066] Compared with the traditional crusher hammer head materials, the mesoscopic ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composite material for crusher hammer heads prepared by the above method can effectively control the thickness of the cast infiltration strengthening layer of the composite material, improve the cast infiltration quality, reduce the requirement for the heat capacity of the composite material matrix, and has the advantages of high bonding strength and few cast infiltration defects. There are no size limitations for the parts.

[0067] Example 4 Heat capacity-assisted ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composite material for roadheader cutter head 1) Mix each component of the heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor in sequence according to the order of exothermic agent, oxidant, binder, and wear-resistant ceramic particles. The components of the heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor are as follows: the exothermic agent is aluminum powder with a particle size of 5 μm, the oxidant is nickel oxide with a particle size of 5 μm, the binder is water glass with a modulus of 2.6, and the wear-resistant ceramic particles are ZTA ceramic particles with a particle size of 0.5 mm. The mass ratio of the heat capacity-assisted composite powder to the ceramic particles is 0.08:1. Mechanical mixing is used for mixing and bonding treatment, with a rotation speed of 25 rpm, a mixing time of 2 hours, and a bonding and shaping time of 6 hours.

[0068] 2) The nickel-based alloy melt is a nickel-based alloy melt with a nickel content of 75% and a chromium content of 20%. It is cast and infiltrated into the heat capacity-assisted precursor at a casting temperature of 1200 °C to obtain a mesoscopic ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composite material. The mass ratio of the nickel-based alloy melt to the heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor is 800:1, and the thickness of the heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor is 80 mm.

[0069] Compared with the traditional roadheader cutter head materials, the mesoscopic ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composite material for roadheader cutter heads prepared by the above method can effectively control the thickness of the cast infiltration strengthening layer of the composite material, improve the cast infiltration quality, reduce the requirement for the heat capacity of the composite material matrix, and has the advantages of high bonding strength and few cast infiltration defects. There are no size limitations for the parts.

[0070] In summary, the present invention relates to a mesoscopic ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composite material, its preparation method and application, which realize the control of the thickness of the cast infiltration strengthening layer of the wear-resistant ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composite material, provide a new solution for the severe wear conditions of large-scale engineering, and can effectively save the construction cost caused by material wear failure in the current environment of the country's vigorous development of infrastructure construction.

[0071] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation method of a mesoscopic ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composite material, characterized in that, Prepare a heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor, and then cast and infiltrate a molten steel material, a nickel-based alloy melt, or a non-ferrous metal melt into the heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor to obtain a metal matrix composite material.

2. The preparation method of the mesoscopic ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composite material according to claim 1, wherein, The preparation of the heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor is specifically as follows: Mix an exothermic agent, an oxidizing agent, and a binder to form a heat capacity-assisted composite powder, and then bond it with wear-resistant ceramic particles to form a heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor. The particle size of the wear-resistant ceramic particles is 0.5 - 10 mm, and the mass ratio of the exothermic agent to the oxidizing agent is 1:0.8 - 12.

3. The preparation method of the mesoscopic ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composite material according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the heat capacity-assisted composite powder, the exothermic agent is aluminum powder, the oxidizing agent is nickel sesquioxide, and the binder is water glass.

4. The preparation method of the mesoscopic ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composite material according to claim 3, characterized in that, The particle size of the aluminum powder is 0.1 - 20 μm, the particle size of the nickel sesquioxide is 0.5 - 15 μm, and the modulus of the water glass is 2.2 - 3.

2.

5. The preparation method of the mesoscopic ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composite material according to claim 2, wherein The mass ratio of the heat capacity-assisted composite powder to the wear-resistant ceramic particles is 0.06 - 0.18:

1.

6. The preparation method of the mesoscopic ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composite material according to claim 2, characterized in that, The wear-resistant ceramic particles are TiC ceramic particles, TiB2 ceramic particles, or ZTA ceramic particles.

7. The preparation method of the mesoscopic ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor is 5 - 100 mm, and the mass ratio of the molten steel material, the nickel-based alloy melt, or other non-ferrous metal melt to the heat capacity-assisted ceramic precursor is 80 - 1000:

1.

8. The preparation method of the mesoscopic ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composite material according to claim 7, characterized in that In the molten steel material, the iron content is 75% - 85%, the chromium content is 12% - 26%, and the casting temperature is 1200°C - 1700°C; In the nickel-based alloy melt, the nickel content is 75% - 85%, the chromium content is 12% - 26%, and the casting temperature is 1200°C - 1700°C; In the non-ferrous metal melt, the cobalt content is 75% - 85%, the chromium content is 12% - 26%, and the casting temperature is 1200°C - 1700°C.

9. A mesoscopic ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composite material prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. Application of the mesoscopic ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composite material according to claim 9 in construction machinery.

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