Tunnel portal construction supporting device

Abstract

A tunnel portal construction supporting device belongs to the technical field of portal supporting, is used for supporting a tunnel portal, and comprises a bottom frame assembly, a mounting seat, an arc-shaped bearing plate, an end limiting seat, a high-pressure inflatable airbag, a chain plate and a separation blade, and the bottom frame assembly is arranged in an inner cavity of the tunnel portal; the number of the mounting bases is two, and the two mounting bases are fixedly mounted on the upper portion of the bottom frame assembly in a bilateral symmetry mode. The arc-shaped bearing plate is arranged on the mounting seat, and the arc-shaped bearing plate is arranged to be in an arch shape. Through the high-pressure inflatable self-adaptive arched supporting structure, tight attachment to the arched inner wall of the tunnel portal is achieved, it is ensured that stress is transmitted continuously and uniformly, and the bearing capacity is remarkably improved; a rigid-flexible coupling mechanical system enhances the long-acting reliability of the support, and the mode of inflation assembly and deflation disassembly greatly simplifies the construction process and shortens the construction period; the middle reinforced bearing prevents the supporting system from sinking, and the self-adaptive remedy supporting system inhibits deformation of the arch-shaped inner wall in real time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel portal support, and particularly relates to a construction support device for tunnel portals. Background Art

[0002] The support of tunnel portals is a key measure to ensure construction safety and structural stability. Since the slope surface and surrounding rock of the portal section are soft, landslides and collapses are likely to occur. During construction, a support device is often needed to ensure the tightness of the tunnel portal and guarantee the support effect and project quality.

[0003] In the related art (a Chinese invention patent with the publication number CN112196579A), a support device for tunnel portal construction is disclosed, which includes a support assembly and a support rod; a plurality of support assemblies are arranged along the length direction of the support rod; the support assembly includes a first support column; four limit guide posts are fixedly arranged along a matrix on both the first support column and the second support column; a plurality of heightening limit support plates are installed between the four limit guide posts; limit insertion posts are respectively fixed at both ends of the arched support frame; stable limit support plates are respectively installed on the limit insertion posts; a rigid buffer spring is installed between the heightening limit support plate relative to the top on the limit guide post and the stable limit support plate; second limit insertion holes are respectively formed on the first support column and the second support column; the limit insertion posts are inserted into the second limit insertion holes. This support device for tunnel portal construction is stable, has strong versatility, is relatively safe, and is convenient for installation and disassembly.

[0004] In the above tunnel portal support solution, although components such as a baffle and an arched support frame cooperate, since its structure fails to closely fit the arched surface of the tunnel portal, a continuous and stable support stress system cannot be constructed. This non-closely contacting state causes problems such as discontinuous stress transfer and uneven local stress in the support structure, making it difficult to fully exert the effective load-bearing effect of the support structure on the portal, and resulting in the support effect being difficult to effectively meet the engineering support requirements of tunnel portals. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the problems existing in the existing tunnel portal support structure in the prior art, such as the failure to closely fit the arched surface of the tunnel portal, the inability to construct a continuous and stable support stress system, the non-closely contacting state causing problems such as discontinuous stress transfer and uneven local stress in the support structure, and the difficulty in fully exerting the effective load-bearing effect of the support structure on the portal, etc., the present invention provides a construction support device for tunnel portals. It uses a high-pressure inflatable airbag structure to drive a chain plate to form an adaptive arched support surface, and realizes close fitting with the arched inner wall of the tunnel portal through inflation and expansion. This close contact mechanism ensures the continuity and uniformity of stress transfer during the stress process of the support structure, constructs a stable and efficient load-bearing system, significantly improves the load-bearing capacity of the portal, and effectively meets the engineering support requirements of tunnel portals under complex geological conditions. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0006] A tunnel entrance construction support device for supporting the tunnel entrance, comprising: a chassis assembly, a mounting seat, an arc-shaped supporting plate, end limit seats, high-pressure inflatable airbags, chain plates and baffles. The chassis assembly is arranged in the inner cavity of the tunnel entrance; there are two mounting seats, and the two mounting seats are symmetrically and fixedly installed above the chassis assembly from left to right; the arc-shaped supporting plate is arranged on the mounting seat, and the arc-shaped supporting plate is arranged in an arch shape; there are two end limit seats, and the two end limit seats are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the arc-shaped supporting plate, and a semi-circular groove is formed in the end limit seat, and the bottom end of the end limit seat is fixedly connected to the mounting seat; the high-pressure inflatable airbag is arranged above the arc-shaped supporting plate, and both ends of the high-pressure inflatable airbag are fitted and placed in the inner cavity of the groove formed in the end limit seat; the chain plate is composed of a plurality of strip plates connected by rotation, and the left and right sides of the chain plate are respectively fixedly connected to the two end limit seats, and the high-pressure inflatable airbag is arranged between the chain plate and the arc-shaped supporting plate; there are a plurality of baffles, and the plurality of baffles are installed at the front and rear ends of the upper surface of the arc-shaped supporting plate corresponding to each other front and back.

[0007] In the above technical solution, an inflation assembly is arranged at the high-pressure inflatable airbag. The inflation assembly includes: an inflation pipe and an air pump. One end of the inflation pipe is communicated with the high-pressure inflatable airbag; the air pump is communicated with the other end of the inflation pipe.

[0008] In the above technical solution, the chassis assembly includes: a bottom plate, a first support frame and a cross frame. There are two bottom plates, and the two bottom plates are symmetrically arranged at the inner bottom end of the tunnel entrance from left to right; the first support frame is fixedly installed on the two bottom plates; the cross frame is fixedly installed at the top end of the first support frame along the horizontal direction;

[0009] Wherein, the mounting seat is fixedly installed on the first support frame.

[0010] In the above technical solution, an inner support assembly is arranged between the cross frame and the arc-shaped supporting plate. The inner support assembly includes: a first support arm and a second support arm. The first support arm is fixedly and vertically installed in the middle of the top end of the cross frame, and the end of the top end of the first support arm is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner wall of the arc-shaped supporting plate; there are two second support arms, and the two second support arms are respectively fixedly installed on the front and rear side walls of the first support arm, and the end of the top end of the second support arm is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the arc-shaped supporting plate.

[0011] In the above technical solution, pushing units are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the first support arm. Each group of pushing units includes: a support assembly, a linkage assembly, and a pushing assembly. The support assembly is connected to the bottom plate; the linkage assembly is arranged between the support assembly and the first support arm; the pushing assembly is connected to the linkage assembly, and the linkage between the first support arm and the pushing assembly is realized through the linkage assembly.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the support assembly includes: a second support frame, a fixing plate, a through cavity, a first mounting plate, a second mounting plate, and a third mounting plate. The second support frame is fixedly and vertically mounted on the bottom plate; one end of the fixing plate is fixedly mounted on the top end of the side wall of the second support frame, and the fixing plate is arranged in an L shape; the through cavity is horizontally penetrated through the fixing plate, and the cross frame horizontally penetrates through the inner cavity of the through cavity; the first mounting plate, the second mounting plate, and the third mounting plate are respectively horizontally fixedly mounted on the side wall of the fixing plate, and the three are arranged in sequence from top to bottom.

[0013] In the above technical solution, the linkage assembly includes: a trigger block, a first moving frame, and a first moving pin. The trigger block is fixedly and vertically mounted on the side wall of the first support arm; the first moving frame slides vertically through the outer wall of the second mounting plate, and the first moving frame is arranged in an L shape, and the end of the first moving frame extends below the trigger block; the first moving pin is fixedly mounted on the top end of the first moving frame.

[0014] In the above technical solution, the linkage assembly further includes: a connecting rod, a rotating shaft, a swinging rod, a first sliding groove, and a second sliding groove. The connecting rod is vertically fixedly mounted on the third mounting plate; the rotating shaft is vertically and fixedly mounted on the top end of the front side wall of the connecting rod; the swinging rod is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft; the first sliding groove and the second sliding groove are respectively penetrated through the swinging rod;

[0015] Wherein, the first moving pin is slidably embedded in the inner cavity of the first sliding groove.

[0016] In the above technical solution, the pushing assembly includes: a second moving pin, a second moving frame, and a pushing plate. The second moving pin is slidably embedded in the inner cavity of the second sliding groove; the second moving frame slides vertically through the first mounting plate, and the second moving pin is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the second moving frame; the pushing plate is fixedly mounted on the top end of the second moving frame.

[0017] In the above technical solution, the slope of the upper surface of the pushing plate is adapted to the inner wall radian of the arc-shaped supporting plate.

[0018] A tunnel portal construction support device of the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0019] 1. For the existing tunnel portal support structure, it fails to achieve a tight fit with the arched surface of the tunnel portal, and it is impossible to construct a continuous and stable support force system. This non-tight contact state leads to problems such as discontinuous stress transfer and uneven local stress in the support structure, making it difficult to fully exert the effective bearing capacity of the support structure for the portal. The present invention uses a high-pressure inflatable airbag structure to drive a chain plate to form an adaptive arched support surface, and realizes a tight fit with the inner wall of the arched tunnel portal through inflation and expansion. This tight contact mechanism ensures the continuity and uniformity of stress transfer during the stress-bearing process of the support structure, constructs a stable and efficient bearing system, significantly improves the bearing capacity of the portal, and effectively meets the engineering support requirements of the tunnel portal under complex geological conditions;

[0020] 2. Based on the principle of air pressure drive, the present invention makes the chain plate adaptively deform through a high-pressure inflatable airbag to form a flexible support structure that completely fits the inner wall of the arched tunnel portal. Compared with the traditional rigid support system, this inflatable structure significantly improves the degree of fit with complex curved surfaces due to its plastic deformation characteristics; at the same time, the high-pressure inflatable airbag and the bottom arc support plate support assembly work together to construct a rigid-flexible coupled mechanical support system, effectively enhancing the anti-deformation ability and bearing stability of the chain plate, and ensuring the long-term reliability of the tunnel portal support effect;

[0021] 3. The present invention performs an inflation operation in the space formed by the chain plate and the arc support plate through a high-pressure inflatable airbag, prompting the chain plate to adaptively deform and tightly fit the inner wall of the arched tunnel portal, quickly forming a stable support structure. When the construction requirement is over, by deflating the high-pressure inflatable airbag, the chain plate can automatically rebound and disengage from the inner wall of the tunnel portal, completing the disassembly of the support structure; this method realizes a convenient operation mode of inflating and assembling and deflating and disassembling the support structure. Compared with the traditional support method of erecting a framework, it significantly simplifies the construction process, greatly improves the assembly and disassembly efficiency, and effectively shortens the construction period of the tunnel portal support;

[0022] 4. Through structural optimization design, the present invention sets an end limit seat fitting structure at the left and right ends of the arc support plate that is adapted to the end shape of the high-pressure inflatable airbag, ensuring that after the high-pressure inflatable airbag inflates and expands, its two ends can be firmly embedded in the end limit seat to form a stable connection relationship, significantly improving the overall stability of the high-pressure inflatable airbag; at the same time, a plurality of sets of baffle limit components are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear side walls of the arc support plate. Through mechanical blocking and restraint, it effectively prevents the high-pressure inflatable airbag from generating displacement in the front and rear directions, constructing a multi-dimensional limit protection system, and further strengthening the position fixing effect of the high-pressure inflatable airbag in the working state;

[0023] 5. The present invention constructs a reinforced support system for the middle part of the arc-shaped support plate through the coordinated configuration of the cross frame, the first support arm, the second support arm and other components. When supporting the arched inner wall of the tunnel entrance, the system can effectively enhance the bearing capacity of the middle part of the support structure, form a stable mechanical support framework, and avoid the downward concave deformation of the middle part of the support system due to uneven force from the structural mechanics level, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the entire support system;

[0024] Sixth, in order to solve the engineering problem that the middle part of the arched inner wall of the tunnel entrance is prone to sinking and deformation, the present invention provides an adaptive remedial support system. When the middle part of the arched inner wall of the tunnel entrance sinks due to force, driving the first support arm to produce a slight displacement, the push plates installed on both sides of the first support arm will automatically start, and the push plates will be pushed upward through mechanical linkage, accurately pressing against the middle inner wall of the tunnel entrance, realizing real-time dynamic support for the weak parts of the structure, effectively suppressing the deformation of the middle part of the tunnel entrance arch, and continuously ensuring the structural stability and bearing capacity of the arched inner wall of the tunnel entrance;

[0025] 7. The present invention adopts a symmetrical layout to set two groups of push plates on both sides of the first support arm. Through the mechanical balance design, the two groups of push plates apply equal and directional support forces to the middle of the arched inner wall. The symmetrical support structure can ensure that the arched inner wall maintains left-right mechanical balance during the force-bearing process, effectively avoiding the risk of lateral displacement, tilting and even collapse caused by uneven force, and significantly improving the overall stability and structural safety of the tunnel portal support system;

[0026] 8. The present invention constructs a self-triggering intelligent support system without additional drive. When the first support arm produces a slight displacement due to the sinking of the arched inner wall, the trigger block, the first mobile frame, the swing rod, the second mobile frame and other components automatically activate the jacking function of the push plate through mechanical linkage and force conduction mechanism. The system uses a closed-loop design of displacement-triggered mechanical response, and with the support of the push plate on the arc-shaped support plate, high-pressure inflatable airbag, chain plate and other components, it realizes real-time dynamic support for the middle part of the arched inner wall of the tunnel entrance, effectively simplifies the operation process, and improves the timeliness and reliability of the support response;

[0027] 9. The present invention adopts a stable bearing structure composed of a second support frame and a fixed plate to provide a rigid installation foundation for supporting components such as a push plate. This structure effectively isolates the slight bending deformation caused by the force on the first support arm and the cross frame by optimizing the mechanical conduction path, thereby ensuring the stability of the push plate installation system. Even when the first support arm is displaced to trigger the linkage mechanism, the push plate can still respond accurately and continuously and stably implement push support on the arched inner wall of the tunnel opening, thereby ensuring the safety of the tunnel opening structure.

[0028] 10. In the present invention, components such as the swing rod, the first chute, the second chute, the first moving pin, and the second moving pin cooperate to construct a mechanical transmission mechanism. When the first support arm and the trigger block move slightly downward, through the mutual cooperation of this group of components, this movement can be converted into the upward movement of the second moving frame and the push plate, achieving the linkage effect that the movement directions of the first support arm and the push plate are opposite;

[0029] In summary, through the high-pressure inflatable adaptive arch support structure, the present invention realizes close fitting with the arched inner wall of the tunnel entrance, ensures continuous and uniform stress transmission, and significantly improves the bearing capacity; the rigid-flexible coupling mechanical system enhances the long-term reliability of the support, and the inflatable assembly and deflation disassembly mode greatly simplifies the construction process and shortens the construction period; the central strengthening support avoids the depression of the support system, the adaptive remedial support system suppresses the deformation of the arched inner wall in real time, and the symmetrical layout maintains the mechanical balance of the support system; the self-triggering mechanism without additional drive improves the support response efficiency; the mechanical transmission mechanism realizes reverse linkage, comprehensively improving the safety, stability and construction efficiency of the tunnel entrance support. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the tunnel entrance of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first support frame of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the chain plate of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first support arm of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 It is an exploded view of the high-pressure inflatable airbag, the chain plate and the air charging pipe of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the push plate of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 is Figure 6 The enlarged view of part A;

[0037] Figure 8 It is the front view of the trigger block of the present invention;

[0038] Figures 1 to 8Among them, 1. tunnel entrance, 2. bottom plate, 3. first support frame, 4. cross frame, 5. first support arm, 6. second support arm, 7. mounting seat, 8. arc-shaped supporting plate, 9. end limiting seat, 10. high-pressure inflatable airbag, 11. chain plate, 12. baffle, 13. inflation pipe, 14. air pump, 15. second support frame, 16. fixing plate, 17. through cavity, 18. trigger block, 19. first mounting plate, 20. second mounting plate, 21. third mounting plate, 22. connecting rod, 23. first moving frame, 24. first moving pin, 25. rotating shaft, 26. swing rod, 27. first chute, 28. second chute, 29. second moving pin, 30. second moving frame, 31. pushing plate. Detailed implementation manners

[0039] The following combines specific implementation cases and attached Figures 1 to 8 to further illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0040] Mainly refer to Figures 1 to 5As shown in the figure, a construction support device for a tunnel entrance is used for supporting the tunnel entrance 1, and includes: a chassis assembly, a mounting seat 7, an arc-shaped support plate 8, an end limit seat 9, a high-pressure inflatable airbag 10, a chain plate 11 and a baffle 12. The chassis assembly is arranged in the inner cavity of the tunnel entrance 1 and can provide support for the installation of other components; there are two mounting seats 7, and the two mounting seats 7 are fixedly installed symmetrically left and right above the chassis assembly; the arc-shaped support plate 8 is arranged on the mounting seat 7, and the arc-shaped support plate 8 is set as an arch shape. The arch-shaped arc-shaped support plate 8 is more conducive to realizing the fitting support of the arch-shaped inner wall of the tunnel entrance 1 subsequently. The mounting seat 7 provides a position for the installation of the arc-shaped support plate 8 on the chassis assembly; there are two end limit seats 9, and the two end limit seats 9 are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the arc-shaped support plate 8, and a groove with a semicircular cross-section is opened in the end limit seat 9. The bottom end of the end limit seat 9 is fixedly connected to the mounting seat 7. Through the installation of the end limit seat 9 and the mounting seat 7, a fixed connection relationship between the arc-shaped support plate 8 and the mounting seat 7 is formed, and then the three form a stable connection relationship above the chassis assembly; the high-pressure inflatable airbag 10 is arranged above the arc-shaped support plate 8. The high-pressure inflatable airbag 10 adopts a commonly used high-pressure inflatable airbag on the market. After the airbag is inflated, it has a strong supporting ability to sufficiently support the chain plate 11 to form a stable supporting structure for the arch-shaped inner wall of the tunnel entrance 1. And when the high-pressure inflatable airbag 10 is deflated to a sufficient degree, the high-pressure inflatable airbag 10 can be disassembled from the sandwich between the arc-shaped support plate 8 and the chain plate 11 for the replacement and maintenance of the high-pressure inflatable airbag 10. And the high-pressure inflatable airbag 10 is an existing device, and it only needs to meet the above-mentioned use requirements, and there is no need to elaborate and limit it here; and both ends of the high-pressure inflatable airbag 10 are fitted and placed in the groove cavity opened in the end limit seat 9. When the high-pressure inflatable airbag 10 is inflated and expanded, its two ends can be tightly embedded in the end limit seat 9 to form a stable mechanical connection to ensure the stability of the structure of the high-pressure inflatable airbag 10 above the arc-shaped support plate 8; the chain plate 11 is composed of a plurality of strip plates connected by rotation, and the left and right sides of the chain plate 11 are respectively fixedly connected to the two end limit seats 9, and the high-pressure inflatable airbag 10 is arranged between the chain plate 11 and the arc-shaped support plate 8; specifically, the chain plate 11 is a chain plate structure formed by the rotation connection of two adjacent strip plates. The two adjacent strip plates are rotationally connected by a pin shaft. When an outward thrust is applied inside it, an arc-shaped chain plate support structure can be formed to achieve a tight fitting support effect for the arc-shaped interior of the tunnel entrance 1. The number of two adjacent strip plates connected by rotation in the chain plate 11 can be flexibly adjusted and installed according to actual applications, and there is no need to elaborate and limit it here;A plurality of retaining plates 12 are provided, and the plurality of retaining plates 12 are installed at the front and rear ends of the upper surface of the arc-shaped supporting plate 8 correspondingly. By arranging the retaining plates 12 at the front and rear ends of the upper surface of the arc-shaped supporting plate 8, the retaining plates 12 effectively restrict the displacement of the high-pressure inflatable airbag 10 in the front and rear directions through mechanical limiting, thereby further restricting the movement range of the high-pressure inflatable airbag 10 in the longitudinal dimension. Through the transverse and longitudinal combined limiting design of the end limiting seat 9 and the retaining plates 12, an all-round and multi-dimensional limiting and protection system is constructed, significantly improving the position fixing performance of the high-pressure inflatable airbag 10 during the working process and ensuring its stability under complex stress environments.

[0041] The present invention applies the technology of the high-pressure inflatable airbag 10 to prompt the chain plate 11 to adaptively deform and precisely shape a supporting curved surface that fits the arched inner wall contour of the tunnel entrance 1. As the high-pressure inflatable airbag 10 inflates and expands, the chain plate 11 makes seamless close contact with the inner wall of the tunnel entrance 1, forming a stable mechanical contact interface. This contact mode effectively eliminates the stress transfer breakpoints existing in the traditional support structure, ensures uniform stress distribution, and thus constructs a stable, reliable, and highly cooperative load-bearing system, greatly improving the load-bearing performance of the tunnel entrance and being able to effectively cope with the engineering support challenges under complex geological environments, providing a solid guarantee for the safety of the tunnel entrance.

[0042] In addition, relying on the air pressure drive mechanism, the present invention uses the high-pressure inflatable airbag 10 device to cause the chain plate 11 to have an adaptive deformation and precisely fit the arched inner wall of the tunnel entrance 1, forming a flexible support structure. Compared with the traditional rigid support, this inflatable structure can be flexibly shaped according to the inner wall curved surface, greatly improving the fitting accuracy. In addition, the high-pressure inflatable airbag 10 cooperates with the bottom arc-shaped supporting plate 8 support assembly, combining the flexible inflatable structure with the rigid support, not only enhancing the anti-deformation ability of the chain plate 11 but also improving the load-bearing stability, ensuring the long-term stable and reliable support effect of the tunnel entrance.

[0043] In addition, mainly referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, an inflation assembly is provided at the high-pressure inflatable airbag 10. The inflation assembly includes: an inflation pipe 13 and an air pump 14. One end of the inflation pipe 13 is connected and arranged with the high-pressure inflatable airbag 10; the air pump 14 is connected and arranged with the other end of the inflation pipe 13. The inflation pipe 13 and the air pump 14 perform high-pressure inflation on the high-pressure inflatable airbag 10, jointly constructing a high-pressure inflation system. The inflation pipe 13 and the air pump 14 are common models on the existing market, and no further elaboration and limitation are made here.

[0044] The present invention adopts an inflatable construction plan. By injecting gas into the enclosed space formed by the chain plate 11 and the arc-shaped supporting plate 8, the high-pressure inflatable airbag 10 is driven to expand, enabling the chain plate 11 to adaptively fit the arched inner wall of the tunnel entrance 1, and quickly constructing a stable support system. After the construction is completed, only by releasing the gas inside the high-pressure inflatable airbag 10, the chain plate 11 can automatically return to its original state and disengage from the inner wall of the tunnel entrance 1, completing the disassembly of the support structure. This operation mode of inflatable installation and deflation removal significantly optimizes the construction process compared with the traditional formwork erection method, greatly improves the installation and disassembly efficiency of the support structure, and effectively shortens the construction period of the tunnel entrance support construction.

[0045] Mainly refer to Figure 5 As shown, the underframe assembly includes: a bottom plate 2, a first support frame 3, and a cross frame 4. There are two bottom plates 2, which are symmetrically arranged on the inner bottom end of the tunnel entrance 1 from left to right; the first support frame 3 is fixedly installed on the two bottom plates 2; the cross frame 4 is fixedly installed at the top end of the first support frame 3 along the horizontal direction; among them, the mounting seat 7 is fixedly installed on the first support frame 3. Through the arrangement of components such as the bottom plate 2, the first support frame 3, and the cross frame 4, a stable underframe support system can be constructed, laying a foundation for the subsequent stable operation of other components.

[0046] Mainly refer to Figure 5 As shown, an inner support assembly is provided between the cross frame 4 and the arc-shaped supporting plate 8. The inner support assembly includes: a first support arm 5 and a second support arm 6. The first support arm 5 is fixedly and vertically installed in the middle of the top end of the cross frame 4, and the end of the top end of the first support arm 5 is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner wall of the arc-shaped supporting plate 8; there are two second support arms 6, and the two second support arms 6 are respectively fixedly installed on the front and rear side walls of the first support arm 5, and the end of the top end of the second support arm 6 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the arc-shaped supporting plate 8. Through the linkage combination of components such as the cross frame 4, the first support arm 5, and the second support arm 6 in the present invention, an enhanced support system in the middle of the arc-shaped supporting plate 8 is realized. When supporting the arched inner wall of the tunnel entrance 1, this system can significantly improve the load-bearing capacity in the middle of the support structure, construct a stable mechanical structure. From the perspective of structural mechanics, the second support arm 6 assists the support setting of the first support arm 5, effectively ensuring the stable support of the arc-shaped supporting plate 8, and thus ensuring the stable operation and reliable performance of the entire support system.

[0047] Mainly refer to Figure 1 、 Figures 6 to 8As shown in the figure, push units are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the first support arm 5. Each group of push units includes: a support component, a linkage component, and a push component. The support component is connected to the bottom plate 2; the linkage component is arranged between the support component and the first support arm 5; the push component is connected to the linkage component, and the linkage between the first support arm 5 and the push component is realized through the linkage component; the support component provides a position for the installation of the linkage component, and the automatic displacement of the push component is realized by the displacement of the first support arm 5 through the linkage component.

[0048] Specifically, mainly refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the support component includes: a second support frame 15, a fixing plate 16, a through cavity 17, a first mounting plate 19, a second mounting plate 20, and a third mounting plate 21. The second support frame 15 is fixedly and vertically installed on the bottom plate 2; one end of the fixing plate 16 is fixedly installed at the top of the side wall of the second support frame 15, and the fixing plate 16 is arranged in an L shape; the through cavity 17 is horizontally penetrated through the fixing plate 16, and the cross frame 4 is horizontally penetrated through the inner cavity of the through cavity 17, and enough space for the lifting and moving of the fixing plate 16 at the cross frame 4 is provided through the through cavity 17; the first mounting plate 19, the second mounting plate 20, and the third mounting plate 21 are respectively horizontally fixedly installed on the side wall of the fixing plate 16, and the three are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; through this support component, the installation and support of other components can be realized.

[0049] Specifically, mainly refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the linkage component includes: a trigger block 18, a first moving frame 23, and a first moving pin 24. The trigger block 18 is fixedly and vertically installed on the side wall of the first support arm 5; the first moving frame 23 slides vertically through the outer wall of the second mounting plate 20, and the first moving frame 23 is arranged in an L shape, and the end of the first moving frame 23 extends below the trigger block 18; the first moving pin 24 is fixedly installed at the top of the first moving frame 23; when the first support arm 5 is forced to move downward, it drives the chain plate 11, [10 arc-shaped supporting plates 8, the first support arm 5 and the two trigger blocks 18 on its outer wall to move downward synchronously, and the displacement of the trigger block 18 drives the two first moving frames 23 on both sides to slide down along the outer wall of the second mounting plate 20. The linkage component further includes: a connecting rod 22, a rotating shaft 25, a swinging rod 26, a first chute 27, and a second chute 28. The connecting rod 22 is vertically fixedly installed on the third mounting plate 21; the rotating shaft 25 is vertically and fixedly installed at the top of the front side wall of the connecting rod 22; the swinging rod 26 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 25 through a bearing; the first chute 27 and the second chute 28 are respectively penetrated through the swinging rod 26; among them, the first moving pin 24 is slidably embedded in the inner cavity of the first chute 27; when the displacement of the trigger block 18 drives the two first moving frames 23 on both sides to slide down along the outer wall of the second mounting plate 20, it causes the first moving pin 24 to move downward in the inner cavity of the first chute 27. At this time, the swinging rod 26 swings with the rotating shaft 25 as the fulcrum.

[0050] For details, see Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the pushing assembly includes: a second movable pin 29, a second movable frame 30 and a pushing plate 31, the second movable pin 29 is slidably embedded in the inner cavity of the second slide groove 28; the second movable frame 30 slides in the vertical direction through the first mounting plate 19, and the second movable pin 29 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the second movable frame 30; the pushing plate 31 is fixedly installed at the top end of the second movable frame 30; when the swing rod 26 swings with the rotating shaft 25 as the fulcrum, it pushes the second movable pin 29 in the second slide groove 28 to slide upward, thereby driving the second movable frame 30 and the pushing plate 31 to rise synchronously, and finally realizing the automatic pushing upward of the pushing plate 31, forming a dynamic support for the arched inner wall of the tunnel entrance 1. Specifically, the two push plates 31 are symmetrically arranged relative to the first support arm 5, thereby ensuring that the two push plates 31 provide support forces of equal magnitude and direction to the middle part of the arched inner wall. This symmetrical support arrangement can effectively balance the forces on the left and right sides of the tunnel entrance 1 and the arched inner wall of the arc-shaped supporting plate 8, prevent lateral displacement, tilt or collapse caused by uneven force, and greatly enhance the overall stability and structural safety of the tunnel entrance support system.

[0051] Specifically, once the middle of the arched inner wall of the tunnel opening 1 sinks due to external force, causing the first support arm 5 to produce a slight displacement, the push plates 31 on both sides of the first support arm 5 will immediately trigger the start mechanism; through mechanical linkage, the push plates 31 quickly rise upward, accurately fit the middle inner wall of the tunnel opening 1, and implement real-time dynamic support for structural weak areas. This mechanism can quickly respond to deformation trends, effectively curb the continuous deformation of the arched middle of the tunnel opening 1, and provide long-term protection for the structural stability and load-bearing safety of the arched inner wall of the tunnel opening 1.

[0052] In addition, the self-triggering intelligent support system of the present invention does not require an additional driving device. When the first support arm 5 is slightly displaced due to the sinking of the arched inner wall of the tunnel opening 1, the trigger block 18, the first mobile frame 23, the swing rod 26, the second mobile frame 30 and other components will transmit the force through mechanical linkage, automatically start the jacking of the push plate 31, and the push plate 31 will dynamically support the middle part of the arched inner wall of the tunnel opening 1 in real time, which can simplify the operation and make the support response more timely and reliable.

[0053] In order to ensure that the upwardly moving push plate 31 can fit tightly against the inner wall of the arc-shaped support plate 8, the slope of the upper surface of the push plate 31 is adapted to the curvature of the inner wall of the arc-shaped support plate 8, ensuring that when the push plate 31 lifts and supports the arc-shaped support plate 8, there is sufficient contact area with the inner wall of the arc-shaped support plate 8 to form a sufficiently stable support surface.

[0054] The principle of supporting the tunnel opening 1 by a tunnel opening construction support device in this embodiment is as follows:

[0055] After accurately installing this device at the designated position inside the tunnel entrance 1, start the air inflation pump 14, and inject compressed gas into the inner cavity of the high-pressure inflatable airbag 10 through the air inflation pipe 13. As the gas continues to be injected, the high-pressure inflatable airbag 10 gradually expands and deforms, driving the chain plate 11 to extend and fit the arched inner wall of the tunnel entrance 1, and finally forming a complete arc-shaped support surface to achieve all-round and uniform support for the arched inner wall of the tunnel entrance;

[0056] During the support process, when a small downward displacement occurs in the middle of the arched inner wall of the tunnel entrance 1 due to adverse factors, it drives the chain plate 11, [10 arc-shaped supporting plates 8, the first support arm 5 and the two trigger blocks 18 on the outer wall thereof to move downward synchronously. The displacement of the trigger block 18 drives the two first moving frames 23 on both sides to slide down along the outer wall of the second mounting plate 20, prompting the first moving pin 24 to move downward in the inner cavity of the first chute 27. At this time, the swing rod 26 swings with the rotating shaft 25 as the fulcrum, pushing the second moving pin 29 in the second chute 28 to slide upward, and then driving the second moving frame 30 and the top push plate 31 to lift synchronously, and finally realizing the automatic upward top push of the top push plate 31 to form a dynamic support for the arched inner wall of the tunnel entrance 1;

[0057] Through the high-pressure inflatable adaptive arched support structure, the present invention realizes close fitting with the arched inner wall of the tunnel entrance, ensures continuous and uniform stress transmission, and significantly improves the bearing capacity; the rigid-flexible coupling mechanical system enhances the long-term reliability of the support, and the inflation assembly and deflation disassembly mode greatly simplifies the construction process and shortens the construction period; the middle strengthening support avoids the depression of the support system, the adaptive remedial support system can inhibit the deformation of the arched inner wall in real time, and the symmetrical layout maintains the mechanical balance of the support system; the self-triggering mechanism without additional drive improves the support response efficiency; the mechanical transmission mechanism realizes reverse linkage, comprehensively improving the safety, stability and construction efficiency of the tunnel entrance support.

[0058] In order to be able to understand the features and technical content of the embodiments of the present disclosure in more detail, the implementation of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The attached drawings are only for reference and explanation, and are not used to limit the embodiments of the present disclosure. In the following technical description, for the convenience of explanation, a sufficient understanding of the disclosed embodiments is provided through multiple details. However, one or more embodiments can still be implemented without these details. In other cases, well-known structures and devices can be shown in a simplified manner.

[0059] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification, claims and above-mentioned drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not have to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so as to implement the embodiments of the present disclosure described herein. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0060] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "inner", "middle", "outer", "front", "rear", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. These terms are mainly used to better describe the embodiments of the present disclosure and their embodiments, and are not used to limit that the indicated device, element or component must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Moreover, in addition to being able to represent the orientation or positional relationship, some of the above terms may also be used to represent other meanings. For example, the term "upper" may also be used to represent a certain attachment relationship or connection relationship in some cases. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0061] In addition, the terms "arrange", "connect", and "fix" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connect" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or there is internal communication between two devices, elements or components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0062] Unless otherwise specified, the term "plurality" means two or more.

[0063] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the character " / " means that the objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B means: A or B.

[0064] The term "and / or" describes the associated relationship of objects and indicates that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B means: A or B, or, A and B these three relationships.

[0065] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction support device for a tunnel entrance, used for supporting the tunnel entrance (1), characterized in that: Including: A chassis assembly, which is arranged in the inner cavity of the tunnel entrance (1); Mounting seats (7), there are two mounting seats (7), and the two mounting seats (7) are symmetrically and fixedly mounted above the chassis assembly; An arc-shaped supporting plate (8), which is arranged on the mounting seat (7), and the arc-shaped supporting plate (8) is arranged in an arch shape; End limit seats (9), there are two end limit seats (9), the two end limit seats (9) are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the arc-shaped supporting plate (8), and a semi-circular groove is opened in the end limit seat (9), and the bottom end of the end limit seat (9) is fixedly connected to the mounting seat (7); A high-pressure inflatable airbag (10), which is arranged above the arc-shaped supporting plate (8), and both ends of the high-pressure inflatable airbag (10) are fitted and placed in the groove cavity opened in the end limit seat (9); A chain plate (11), which is composed of a plurality of strip plates connected by rotation, and the left and right sides of the chain plate (11) are respectively fixedly connected to the two end limit seats (9), and the high-pressure inflatable airbag (10) is arranged between the chain plate (11) and the arc-shaped supporting plate (8); Flap pieces (12), there are a plurality of flap pieces (12), and the plurality of flap pieces (12) are installed at the front and rear ends of the upper surface of the arc-shaped supporting plate (8) corresponding to the front and rear.

2. The tunnel entrance construction support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inflation assembly is arranged at the high-pressure inflatable airbag (10), and the inflation assembly includes: An inflation pipe (13), one end of the inflation pipe (13) is communicated with the high-pressure inflatable airbag (10); An air pump (14), the air pump (14) is communicated with the other end of the inflation pipe (13).

3. The tunnel entrance construction support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chassis assembly includes: Bottom plates (2), there are two bottom plates (2), and the two bottom plates (2) are symmetrically arranged at the inner bottom end of the tunnel entrance (1); A first support frame (3), the first support frame (3) is fixedly installed on the two bottom plates (2); A cross frame (4), the cross frame (4) is fixedly installed at the top of the first support frame (3) along the horizontal direction; Wherein, the mounting seat (7) is fixedly installed on the first support frame (3).

4. The tunnel entrance construction support device according to claim 3, characterized in that: An inner support assembly is arranged between the cross frame (4) and the arc-shaped supporting plate (8), and the inner support assembly includes: A first support arm (5), the first support arm (5) is fixedly and vertically installed in the middle of the top of the cross frame (4), and the end of the top of the first support arm (5) is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner wall of the arc-shaped supporting plate (8); The second support arm (6), there are two second support arms (6), and the two second support arms (6) are respectively fixedly installed on the front and rear side walls of the first support arm (5), and the top end of the second support arm (6) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the arc-shaped supporting plate (8).

5. The tunneling portal construction support device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Thrust units are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the first support arm (5), and each group of thrust units includes: A support assembly, the support assembly is connected to the bottom plate (2); A linkage assembly, the linkage assembly is arranged between the support assembly and the first support arm (5); A thrust assembly, the thrust assembly is connected to the linkage assembly, and the linkage assembly is used to realize the linkage function of the first support arm (5) and the thrust assembly.

6. The tunneling portal construction support device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The support assembly includes: The second support frame (15), the second support frame (15) is fixedly and vertically installed on the bottom plate (2); The fixing plate (16), one end of the fixing plate (16) is fixedly installed on the top end of the side wall of the second support frame (15), and the fixing plate (16) is set to be L-shaped; The through cavity (17), the through cavity (17) is horizontally formed through the fixing plate (16), and the cross frame (4) horizontally penetrates through the inner cavity of the through cavity (17); The first mounting plate (19), the second mounting plate (20), and the third mounting plate (21), the first mounting plate (19), the second mounting plate (20), and the third mounting plate (21) are respectively horizontally fixedly installed on the side wall of the fixing plate (16), and the three are arranged in sequence from top to bottom.

7. The tunneling portal construction support device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The linkage assembly includes: The trigger block (18), the trigger block (18) is fixedly and vertically installed on the side wall of the first support arm (5); The first moving frame (23), the first moving frame (23) vertically slides through the outer wall of the second mounting plate (20), and the first moving frame (23) is set to be L-shaped, and the end of the first moving frame (23) extends below the trigger block (18); The first moving pin (24), the first moving pin (24) is fixedly installed on the top end of the first moving frame (23).

8. The tunneling portal construction support device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The linkage assembly further includes: The connecting rod (22), the connecting rod (22) is vertically fixedly installed on the third mounting plate (21); The rotating shaft (25), the rotating shaft (25) is vertically and fixedly installed on the front side wall top end of the connecting rod (22); The swing rod (26), the swing rod (26) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (25); The first sliding groove (27), the second sliding groove (28), the first sliding groove (27) and the second sliding groove (28) are respectively formed through the swing rod (26); Wherein, the first moving pin (24) is slidably embedded in the inner cavity of the first chute (27).

9. A tunnel portal construction support device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pushing assembly includes: A second moving pin (29), the second moving pin (29) is slidably embedded in the inner cavity of the second chute (28); A second moving frame (30), the second moving frame (30) slidably penetrates the first mounting plate (19) in the vertical direction, and the second moving pin (29) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the second moving frame (30); A pushing plate (31), the pushing plate (31) is fixedly installed at the top end of the second moving frame (30).

10. A tunnel portal construction support device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The slope of the upper surface of the pushing plate (31) is adapted to the inner wall radian of the arc-shaped supporting plate (8).

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