Dynamic arrangement method for railway tunnel micro-seismic monitoring sensors

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel monitoring sensor arrangement, in particular to a railway tunnel micro-seismic monitoring sensor dynamic arrangement method. An arrangement device for tunnel monitoring sensors comprises an arrangement frame and an arrangement device. The arrangement frame is of an inverted U-shaped structure; the arrangement device is installed on the first side face of the arrangement frame. The arrangement device comprises an arrangement base, a pushing part and a magnetic base, the magnetic base is used for being magnetically attracted to the arrangement frame, the pushing part is fixedly connected with the arrangement base, the execution end of the pushing part is used for being detachably connected with a sensor, and the pushing part is used for pushing the sensor to move towards an installation hole in a tunnel. By means of the flexible arrangement mode of the magnetic bases of the arrangement device, the arrangement device can adapt to the situation that the relative positions of all sensors in different sets of sensors in a tunnel are not uniform, the difficulty of sensor arrangement work is reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel monitoring sensor arrangement, and in particular to a method for dynamically arranging microseismic monitoring sensors in railway tunnels. Background Art

[0002] In the field of railway tunnel monitoring, in order to meet different tunnel environments and diverse safety needs, various sensors will be scientifically and reasonably arranged in tunnels, whether they are under construction or already in operation, so as to achieve all-round and precise monitoring of railway tunnels. Taking the existing technology as an example, tunnel sensors can monitor the environmental conditions in the tunnel in real time and accurately, covering key parameters such as visibility, carbon monoxide concentration, temperature, and humidity. Once these parameters exceed the preset safety threshold, the sensor will immediately issue an alarm, thereby effectively ensuring the safety of train operation and the smooth progress of the tunnel construction process. In addition, for potential hidden dangers that may endanger the lives of drivers, passengers, and construction personnel, such as sudden fires, floods, and other emergencies in the tunnel, the sensor can also issue an alarm signal at the first time, buying precious time for timely and effective response measures.

[0003] One of the sensors is the microseismic monitoring sensor, which is generally installed in the mounting holes opened on the side wall or top wall of the tunnel. According to the monitoring requirements, a group of sensors needs to be arranged at a certain interval along the length of the tunnel. However, the relative positions of the sensors in different groups are not uniform, which increases the difficulty of sensor arrangement. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problem in the prior art that the relative positions of the sensors in different sensor groups in the tunnel are not uniform, which increases the difficulty of sensor arrangement, and to provide a method for dynamic arrangement of microseismic monitoring sensors in railway tunnels.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a device for arranging tunnel monitoring sensors, comprising: An arrangement frame, wherein the arrangement frame is an inverted U-shaped structure; A placer, the placer being mounted on a first side of the placer frame; The arranger includes an arrangement seat, a pushing component and a magnetic seat, wherein the magnetic seat is used for magnetic attraction on the arrangement frame, the pushing component is fixedly connected to the arrangement seat, the execution end of the pushing component is used for detachably connecting with the sensor, and the pushing component is used for pushing the sensor to move toward the installation hole on the tunnel.

[0006] The arrangement rack includes the first side surface and the second side surface, and the second side surface is arranged opposite to the first side surface. When the arrangement rack is installed in a tunnel, the first side surface faces one side of the tunnel, the second side surface faces the other side of the tunnel, and both the first side surface and the second side surface are perpendicular to the length direction of the tunnel. The present invention provides an arrangement device for tunnel monitoring sensors. The arrangement rack is an inverted U-shaped structure, and this structural design enables a passable door opening to be formed inside the arrangement rack. During the actual use of this arrangement device, construction workers can smoothly pass through this door opening, thus effectively avoiding blocking the normal passage in the tunnel. The arranger is installed on the first side surface of the arrangement rack, and the first side surface faces the length direction of the tunnel, enabling the operator to directly contact the arranger, and thus facilitating the operation of the arranger more conveniently. The pushing component is fixedly connected to the arrangement seat, and the execution end of the pushing component is used to be detachably connected to the sensor. The pushing component is used to push the sensor towards the installation hole on the tunnel, and then the sensor can be sent into the installation hole to complete the installation of the sensor. The magnetic seat is used to magnetically adsorb on the arrangement rack, enabling the detachable connection between the arranger and the arrangement rack, and at the same time, the installation position of the arranger can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual position of the installation hole on the tunnel. Through the flexible arrangement method of the magnetic seat of the arranger, this arrangement device can adapt to the situation where the relative positions between the sensors inside different groups of sensors in the tunnel are not unified, reducing the difficulty of sensor arrangement work and improving the construction efficiency.

[0007] When it is necessary to adjust the orientation angle of the arrangement seat of the arranger, the magnetic seat can be directly rotated, or the arranger can be removed from the arrangement rack, and then after readjusting the orientation angle of the arrangement seat, it can be reinstalled on the arrangement rack.

[0008] Preferably, it further includes a driver. The arranger further includes a connecting shaft and a bearing. The connecting shaft is connected to the magnetic seat through the bearing, and both ends of the connecting shaft are respectively connected to the driver and the arrangement seat. The driver can drive the connecting shaft to rotate and then drive the arrangement seat to rotate. This solution does not require the method of removing the arranger and then reinstalling it to adjust the orientation angle of the arrangement seat. By driving the arrangement seat to rotate through the driver, the adjustment of the orientation angle of the arrangement seat can be more conveniently achieved, further reducing the difficulty of sensor arrangement work and improving the construction efficiency.

[0009] This solution can drive the rotation of the arrangement seat by electric control. Compared with the manual operation method, the electric control method can reduce manpower consumption and avoid the need for personnel to climb to the arrangement seat for operation, making the rotation adjustment of the arrangement seat faster, more convenient and safer.

[0010] The driver can drive the connecting shaft to rotate by means of gears or chains.

[0011] Preferably, the driver is connected to the connecting shaft of the arranger through a chain, and the arranger is provided with a limit switch. When the limit switch is in an on state, the connecting shaft can limit the rotation of the arrangement seat; when the limit switch is in a off state, the connecting shaft can be allowed to drive the rotation of the arrangement seat.

[0012] Compared with the gear transmission method, this solution adopts the chain transmission method, which has better spatial layout flexibility.

[0013] In this solution, one chain can simultaneously drive the plurality of rotating wheels to rotate; or each rotating wheel can be individually driven to rotate by a corresponding chain. When one chain drives the plurality of rotating wheels to rotate together, the limit switch on the arranger needs to be used to adjust the orientation angle of the arrangement seat.

[0014] The limit switch can control whether the arrangement seat is allowed to rotate along with the connecting shaft. When the angle of the arrangement seat needs to be adjusted, the limit switch is turned off. After the angle of the arrangement seat is rotated to a predetermined position, the limit switch is adjusted to the open state to prevent the arrangement seat from rotating unnecessarily.

[0015] The driver can be a common motor or a servo motor.

[0016] Preferably, the driver is a servo motor, and the driver drives the chain through a transmission wheel. The servo motor can provide more precise rotation control, so that the orientation angle of the arrangement seat can be adjusted more accurately and quickly.

[0017] Preferably, a mover is further included, the mover is located at the bottom of the deployment frame, and the mover can drive the deployment frame to move. The mover can enable the deployment device to move quickly between different installation positions in the tunnel, and this solution can further improve the construction efficiency of arranging sensors.

[0018] Preferably, the mover includes a wheel cabinet, traveling wheels, and a vertical rod. The traveling wheels are installed in the wheel cabinet, and the wheel cabinet is connected to the layout frame through the vertical rod. The wheel cabinet serves as the framework of the mover and also protects the traveling wheels.

[0019] Preferably, the layout frame can move up and down along the vertical rod. This solution can adjust the height of the layout frame, thereby adjusting the height of the entire layout device according to actual needs to meet the usage requirements of more tunnels with different sizes.

[0020] Preferably, the mover further includes a travel recorder for recording the distance traveled by the mover. With the aid of the travel recorder, the current moving distance of the layout device can be quickly obtained. When the layout device moves between different installation positions in the tunnel, the remaining moving distance can be quickly judged using the travel recorder. Based on this information, it can be determined in a timely manner whether the layout device has moved to the designated position, thus effectively improving the installation efficiency of the sensors.

[0021] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for dynamically arranging microseismic monitoring sensors in railway tunnels, which is applied to the layout device of a tunnel monitoring sensor, and includes the following steps: S1: Park the layout device at the current sensor installation position; S2: Install the sensor into the installation hole of the tunnel through the placer; S3: Move the layout device to the next sensor installation position; S4: Repeat steps S2 and S3 until all the sensors are installed.

[0022] The present invention provides a method for dynamically arranging microseismic monitoring sensors in railway tunnels. When installing sensors in the tunnel through this method, it can adapt to the situation where the relative positions of the sensors inside different groups of sensors in the tunnel are not unified, reduce the difficulty of sensor layout work, and improve construction efficiency.

[0023] Preferably, in step S2, it includes the following steps: S21: Lower the layout frame along the vertical rod to the lowest position, install the sensor on the placement seat of the corresponding placer, connect the sensor to the execution end of the pushing component, adjust the relative positions of different placers so that the relative positions of different placers match the positions of the installation holes at the current sensor installation position, and raise the layout frame along the vertical rod to a predetermined position; S22: Sequentially adjust the limit switches on the placer corresponding to the placement seats to be adjusted to the closed state, while ensuring that the limit switches of the remaining placers are in the open state. Start the driver, and the driver will drive the placement seat on the placer with the limit switch in the closed state to rotate, so that the sensor installed on the placement seat faces the direction of the corresponding installation hole. S23: Start the pushing component to push the sensor towards the corresponding installation hole and insert the sensor into the installation hole for installation.

[0024] In this solution, the driver sequentially adjusts the rotation of the placement seat to make the sensor face the direction of the corresponding installation hole, so that the sensor is directly opposite the installation hole. When the sensor is pushed by the pushing component, the sensor can be smoothly inserted into the installation hole for installation.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention provides an arrangement device for tunnel monitoring sensors. Through the flexible arrangement method of the magnetic seats of the placers, the arrangement device can adapt to the situation where the relative positions of the sensors inside different groups of sensors in the tunnel are not unified, reduce the difficulty of sensor arrangement work, and improve the construction efficiency. The present invention provides a dynamic arrangement method for railway tunnel microseismic monitoring sensors. When installing sensors in the tunnel through this method, it can adapt to the situation where the relative positions of the sensors inside different groups of sensors in the tunnel are not unified, reduce the difficulty of sensor arrangement work, and improve the construction efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 It is the first schematic diagram of an arrangement device for tunnel monitoring sensors.

[0027] Figure 2 It is the second schematic diagram of an arrangement device for tunnel monitoring sensors.

[0028] Figure 3 It is the schematic diagram of the chain of an arrangement device for tunnel monitoring sensors.

[0029] Figure 4 It is the schematic diagram of the placer of an arrangement device for tunnel monitoring sensors.

[0030] Markings in the figure: 1 - Arrangement frame, 101 - First side, 102 - Second side, 2 - Activity slot, 3 - Driver, 301 - Transmission wheel, 4 - Arranger 401 - Arrangement seat, 402 - Pushing component, 403 - Magnetic seat, 404 - Bearing, 405 - Limit switch, 406 - Connecting shaft 5 - Chain 6 - Mover 601 - Wheel cabinet, 602 - Traveling wheel, 603 - Vertical rod, 604 - End plate, 605 - Travel recorder 7 - Handle Detailed implementation mode

[0031] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the above - mentioned subject matter of the present invention to the following embodiments. Any technology implemented based on the content of the present invention belongs to the scope of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention, without special instructions, the expressions of terms indicating the orientation or positional relationship, such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "center", "inside", "outside", etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship when the invention product / device / equipment is usually used and placed. These terms of orientation or positional relationship are only for the convenience of describing the solution of the present invention or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, so as to facilitate technicians to quickly understand the solution, rather than indicating or implying that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0033] In addition, for terms such as "horizontal", "vertical", "hanging", "parallel", and "coaxial", it does not mean that the corresponding device / component / element is required to be absolutely horizontal or vertical or hanging or parallel or coaxial. Instead, it can be slightly inclined or deviated as long as the normal functions of the relevant components are not affected. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and it does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but it can be slightly inclined; "coaxial" means that two components are arranged as coaxial as possible and move in a coaxial or approximately coaxial manner when the relative positions change. Or, it can be simply understood that the corresponding device / component / element is arranged in directions such as "horizontal", "vertical", "hanging", "parallel", "coaxial", etc., and can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction setting, more preferably an error / deviation within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, more preferably within ±4%. For example, the deviation in the "coaxial" direction is controlled within 0.2 - 1 mm, preferably within 0.2 - 0.5 mm. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still play its role in the solution of the present invention.

[0034] In addition, for expressions such as "first", "second", "third", etc. that appear in the terms, they are only used to distinguish the descriptions of the same or similar components, and should not be understood as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of specific components.

[0035] In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "multiple", and "a number of" represent at least 2. It can be any situation such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, etc., and even more than 9.

[0036] In addition, in the description of the technical solution of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified / defined / limited, for the places where terms such as "arrange", "install", "connect", "be connected", "be provided with", "lay", "arrange" appear, they should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. It can be connection means commonly used in the art such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connection. Such a connection can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the communication inside two components.

[0037] Embodiment 1 As Figures 1 to 4 shown, a device for arranging tunnel monitoring sensors includes an arranging frame 1 and an arranger 4.

[0038] The arranging frame 1 is an inverted U-shaped structure.

[0039] The placer 4 is installed on the first side surface 101 of the placement rack 1. Specifically, the placement rack 1 includes a first side surface 101 and a second side surface 102. When the placement rack 1 is installed in the tunnel, the first side surface 101 and the second side surface 102 face the front or the rear of the tunnel respectively.

[0040] The placer 4 includes a placement seat 401, a pushing member 402, and a magnetic seat 403. The magnetic seat 403 is used for magnetically attracting to the placement rack 1. The pushing member 402 is fixedly connected to the placement seat 401. The execution end of the pushing member 402 is used for detachably connecting with the sensor. The pushing member 402 is used for pushing the sensor to move towards the mounting hole on the tunnel.

[0041] The magnetic seat 403 can realize a detachable and position-adjustable installation method between the placer 4 and the placement rack 1. With this characteristic, the installation position of the placer 4 can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual position of the mounting hole on the tunnel. In this way, it can well meet the installation requirements of sensors at different cross-sections in the same tunnel, especially when the installation positions of the sensors are arranged in a spatially staggered manner at different cross-sections.

[0042] Specifically, the magnetic seat 403 can be disc-shaped. The placement rack 1 is made of iron or steel material, and this material characteristic enables it to be effectively adsorbed by the magnetic seat 403.

[0043] The execution end of the pushing member 402 passes through the placement seat 401 and is detachably connected to the sensor. The sensor can be detachably connected to the execution end of the pushing member 402 through a fixture, and the fixture is located on the execution end of the pushing member 402. The pushing member 402 can specifically be a cylinder or a screw-nut mechanism.

[0044] A chamber for accommodating the sensor can be provided on the placement seat 401. The chamber has an opening, and the sensor can be placed into the chamber through the opening. The execution end of the pushing member 402 passes through the placement seat 401 and is located at the center of the bottom of the chamber.

[0045] In an optional embodiment, a driver 3 can also be included. The placer 4 further includes a connecting shaft 406 and a bearing 404. The connecting shaft 406 is connected to the magnetic seat 403 through the bearing 404. Both ends of the connecting shaft 406 are respectively connected to the driver 3 and the placement seat 401. The driver 3 can drive the connecting shaft 406 to rotate and then drive the placement seat 401 to rotate.

[0046] Specifically, the magnetic seat 403 is connected to the outer ring of the bearing 404. The bearing 404 penetrates through the magnetic seat 403. The connecting shaft 406 is connected to the inner ring of the bearing 404. The axis direction of the connecting shaft 406 is perpendicular to the first side surface 101.

[0047] In an alternative embodiment, the driver 3 can be drivingly connected to the connecting shaft 406 of the placer 4 through a chain 5. A limit switch 405 is provided on the placer 4. When the limit switch 405 is in the open state, it can limit the rotation of the connecting shaft 406 driving the placement seat 401; when the limit switch 405 is in the closed state, it allows the connecting shaft 406 to drive the rotation of the placement seat 401.

[0048] Specifically, a movable groove 2 is provided on the placement frame 1. The movable groove 2 is arranged along the outer contour of the placement frame 1 in an inverted U shape. The chain 5 is arranged along the inner wall of the movable groove 2. Driven by the driver 3, the chain 5 can move relative to the inner wall of the movable groove 2. One end of the connecting shaft 406 is installed inside the chain 5 and in contact with the chain 5, so that the movement of the chain 5 can drive the connecting shaft 406 to rotate.

[0049] When the limit switch 405 is in the open state, it can limit the driving connection between the connecting shaft 406 and the placement seat 401, thereby realizing the function of restricting the connecting shaft 406 from driving the rotation of the placement seat 401.

[0050] Through this solution, it is possible to adjust the orientation of the placement seats 401 of all the placers 4 with only one driver 3, thereby saving the manufacturing cost of this placement device.

[0051] In an alternative embodiment, the driver 3 can be a servo motor. The driver 3 can drive the chain 5 through a transmission wheel 301. The driving wheel 304 can be installed at one end of the movable groove 2.

[0052] In an alternative embodiment, a mover 6 can also be included. The mover 6 is located at the bottom of the placement frame 1. The mover 6 can drive the placement frame 1 to move along the length direction of the tunnel. Specifically, the number of movers 6 is two, and the two movers 6 are respectively installed at the left bottom and the right bottom of the placement frame 1.

[0053] In an alternative embodiment, the mover 6 can include a wheel cabinet 601, a walking wheel 602 and a vertical rod 603. The walking wheel 602 is installed in the wheel cabinet 601. The wheel cabinet 601 is connected to the placement frame 1 through the vertical rod 603.

[0054] Specifically, one mover 6 includes 3 - 5 walking wheels 602. An opening is provided at the bottom of the wheel cabinet 601. The height by which the walking wheel 602 protrudes from the opening is 1 / 6 - 1 / 4 of the diameter of the walking wheel 602. The walking wheel 602 can specifically be a rubber wheel or a nylon wheel.

[0055] In an alternative embodiment, the placement frame 1 can move up and down along the vertical rod 603.

[0056] Specifically, a mover 6 includes two vertical rods 603. The vertical rods 603 pass through the bottom plate of the layout rack 1. The bottom ends of the vertical rods 603 are connected to the top surface of the wheel cabinet 601. An end plate 604 is connected to the top ends of the vertical rods 603. The end plate 604 is used to prevent the mover 6 from detaching from the layout rack 1.

[0057] In an alternative embodiment, the mover 6 may further include a travel recorder 605. The travel recorder 605 is used to record the distance traveled by the mover 6. Specifically, the travel recorder 605 is installed on the top surface of the wheel cabinet 601. The working principle of the travel recorder 605 is as follows: It records the number of rotations of the travel wheels 602 on the mover 6, and then multiplies this number of rotations by the circumference of the travel wheels 602 to calculate the distance traveled by the mover 6.

[0058] In an alternative embodiment, a handle 7 may also be included. The handle 7 is installed on the second side surface 102 of the layout rack 1. The entire layout device can be conveniently pushed to move along the length direction of the tunnel through the handle 7.

[0059] Embodiment 2 A method for dynamically arranging microseismic monitoring sensors in a railway tunnel, which is applied to the layout device for tunnel monitoring sensors described in Embodiment 1, includes the following steps: S1: Park the layout device at the current sensor installation position; S2: Install the sensor into the installation hole of the tunnel through the placer 4; S3: Move the layout device to the next sensor installation position; S4: Repeat steps S2 and S3 until all the sensors are installed.

[0060] In an alternative embodiment, in step S2, the following steps may be included: S21: Lower the layout rack 1 along the vertical rod 603 to the lowest position, install the sensor on the placement seat 401 of the corresponding placer 4, and connect the sensor to the execution end of the pushing member 402. Adjust the relative positions of different placers 4 so that the relative positions of different placers 4 match the positions of the installation holes at the current sensor installation position, and raise the layout rack 1 along the vertical rod 603 to a predetermined position.

[0061] To adjust the relative positions of different placers 4, specifically, the placer 4 is sequentially removed from the layout rack 1, then moved to a predetermined position, the connecting shaft 406 of the placer 4 is reinserted into the inner side of the chain 5 and brought into contact with the chain 5, and at the same time, the magnetic seat 403 of the placer 4 is magnetically attracted to the layout rack 1.

[0062] S22: Sequentially adjust the limit switches 405 on the placer 4 corresponding to the placement seat 401 to be adjusted to the closed state, and at the same time ensure that the limit switches 405 of the remaining placers 4 are in the open state. Start the driver 3, and the driver 3 will drive the placement seat 401 on the placer 4 with the limit switch 405 in the closed state to rotate, so that the sensor installed on the placement seat 401 faces the direction where the corresponding installation hole is located.

[0063] In the step S22, sequentially adjust the limit switches 405 on the placer 4 corresponding to the placement seat 401 to be adjusted to the closed state, and at the same time ensure that the limit switches 405 of the remaining placers 4 are in the open state. The purpose of this solution is to ensure that when the driver 3 starts to operate, only the placement seat 401 in one placer 4 can be driven to rotate and adjust the orientation, avoiding the rotation deviation of the placement seats 401 in other placers 4 that have been rotated and adjusted to the predetermined orientation.

[0064] S23: Start the pushing member 402, push the sensor towards the corresponding installation hole, and send the sensor into the installation hole for installation.

[0065] In an optional embodiment, the step S3 may include the following steps: S31: Clear the reading of the travel recorder 605, and check the moving distance between the current sensor installation position and the next sensor installation position. The moving distance between the current sensor installation position and the next sensor installation position can be obtained by on-site measurement or by checking the design drawings.

[0066] S32: Move the placement device along the tunnel to the next sensor installation position. During the movement, check the travel reading of the travel recorder 605, compare the travel reading with the moving distance, and stop moving when the travel reading is equal to the moving distance. This indicates that the placement device has moved to the next sensor installation position.

[0067] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An arrangement device for tunnel monitoring sensors, characterized in that, Comprising: A layout rack (1), the layout rack (1) being an inverted U-shaped structure; A placer (4), the placer (4) being installed on the first side surface (101) of the layout rack (1); The placer (4) includes a placement seat (401), a pushing member (402) and a magnetic seat (403), the magnetic seat (403) being used for magnetically attracting to the layout rack (1), the pushing member (402) being fixedly connected to the placement seat (401), the execution end of the pushing member (402) being used for detachably connecting to a sensor, and the pushing member (402) being used for pushing the sensor towards the mounting hole on the tunnel.

2. The arrangement device of a tunnel monitoring sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that It further includes a driver (3), the placer (4) further includes a connecting shaft (406) and a bearing (404), the connecting shaft (406) being connected to the magnetic seat (403) through the bearing (404), both ends of the connecting shaft (406) being respectively connected to the driver (3) and the placement seat (401), and the driver (3) being capable of driving the connecting shaft (406) to rotate so as to drive the placement seat (401) to rotate.

3. The arrangement device of a tunnel monitoring sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The driver (3) is in transmission connection with the connecting shaft (406) of the placer (4) through a chain (5), and a limit switch (405) is provided on the placer (4). When the limit switch (405) is in the open state, it can limit the rotation of the connecting shaft (406) driving the placement seat (401); when the limit switch (405) is in the closed state, it can allow the connecting shaft (406) to drive the placement seat (401) to rotate.

4. The arrangement device of a tunnel monitoring sensor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The driver (3) is a servo motor, and the driver (3) drives the chain (5) through a transmission wheel (301).

5. A layout device for a tunnel monitoring sensor according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, It further includes a mover (6), the mover (6) being located at the bottom of the layout rack (1), and the mover (6) being capable of driving the layout rack (1) to move.

6. The arrangement device of a tunnel monitoring sensor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mover (6) includes a wheel cabinet (601), a walking wheel (602) and a vertical rod (603), the walking wheel (602) being installed in the wheel cabinet (601), and the wheel cabinet (601) being connected to the layout rack (1) through the vertical rod (603).

7. The arrangement device of a tunnel monitoring sensor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The layout rack (1) can move up and down along the vertical rod (603).

8. The arrangement device of a tunnel monitoring sensor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mover (6) further includes a travel recorder (605), and the travel recorder (605) is used for recording the distance traveled by the mover (6).

9. A dynamic layout method for microseismic monitoring sensors in railway tunnels, characterized in that, Applied to a layout device for a tunnel monitoring sensor as described in claim 7, it includes the following steps: S1: Park the layout device at the current sensor installation position; S2: Install the sensor into the mounting hole of the tunnel through the placer (4); S3: Move the layout device to the next sensor installation position; S4: Repeat steps S2 and S3 until all the sensors are installed.

10. A method for dynamically arranging microseismic monitoring sensors in a railway tunnel according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step S2, it includes the following steps: S21: Lower the arrangement rack (1) to the lowest position along the vertical rod (603), install the sensor onto the arrangement seat (401) of the corresponding arranger (4), connect the sensor to the execution end of the pushing component (402), adjust the relative positions of different arrangers (4) so that the relative positions of different arrangers (4) match the positions of the mounting holes at the current sensor installation position, and raise the arrangement rack (1) along the vertical rod (603) to a predetermined position; S22: Sequentially adjust the limit switches (405) on the arrangers (4) corresponding to the arrangement seats (401) to be adjusted to the closed state, while ensuring that the limit switches (405) of the remaining arrangers (4) are in the open state. Start the driver (3), and the driver (3) will drive the arrangement seat (401) on the arranger (4) with the limit switch (405) in the closed state to rotate, thereby making the sensor installed on the arrangement seat (401) face the direction where the corresponding mounting hole is located; S23: Start the pushing component (402), push the sensor towards the corresponding mounting hole, and send the sensor into the mounting hole for installation.

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