Fuel oil heating system of diesel engine of construction machinery
Through the heating device of the diesel engine fuel system of the construction machinery, the problem of difficulty in starting the diesel engine in low temperature environments is solved, uniform heating and flowability of fuel is achieved, combustion efficiency and equipment reliability are improved, and fuel consumption and emissions are reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202311842942.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-12-28
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-08
AI Technical Summary
In the low-temperature environment in winter, the diesel engine of the construction machinery has difficulty starting and the failure rate is high, and the high fuel viscosity leads to difficulty in injection and atomization, insufficient combustion, increasing fuel consumption and emissions, and replacing low-temperature diesel will lead to excessive fuel consumption costs.
The diesel engine fuel system is heated using heating rods, heating oil and water separators, silicone heating belts and heating elements to ensure that the diesel maintains fluidity and flammability in a low-temperature environment, and the intelligent control of the heating element is achieved through the controller.
It improves the reliability and stability of the diesel engine, reduces the engine failure risk and maintenance costs, significantly improves combustion efficiency, reduces fuel consumption and pollutant emissions, and extends the engine service life.
Smart Images
Figure CN120273836A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of diesel engines, and particularly relates to a fuel heating system for a diesel engine of a construction machine. Background Art
[0002] Large construction machines generally use diesel as the energy supply. The fuel supply effect of the diesel engine is related to the normal operation of large construction machines, and to a certain extent affects whether the project can be constructed normally.
[0003] At present, during winter construction of large construction machines, after 0# diesel is filled in the diesel engine, due to the low temperature, the 0# diesel has a high fuel viscosity, resulting in common problems such as difficult starting and high failure rate of large construction machines. In recent years, affected by the changes in domestic and foreign energy prices, domestic fuel prices have continued to rise. As the main construction equipment in the mechanical engineering department, the fuel consumption of the engine accounts for 30% of the production cost during production. After winter arrives, the temperature drops from 0 degrees to -20 degrees Celsius. When the temperature is low, the fuel viscosity of the diesel engine is high, making it difficult to inject and atomize, resulting in incomplete combustion, increased fuel consumption and emissions. Although replacing the 0# diesel filled in the engine with -35# diesel can solve such problems to a certain extent, it will also cause the problem of too high fuel consumption cost. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fuel heating system for a diesel engine of a construction machine in view of the above problems.
[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A fuel heating system for a diesel engine of a construction machine includes a fuel tank, a diesel filter, and a fuel supply pipeline. A heating rod is installed inside the fuel tank, and the heating rod is used to heat the diesel inside the fuel tank. A heating type oil-water separator is installed at the bracket of the fuel tank, and the inlet of the heating type oil-water separator is communicated with the outlet of the fuel tank;
[0006] A silica gel heating tape is installed on the diesel filter, and the silica gel heating tape is used to heat and keep warm the diesel filter;
[0007] A plurality of heating elements are fixedly installed inside the fuel supply pipeline, and the heating elements are used to heat the inside of the fuel supply pipeline;
[0008] It further includes a controller, and the heating rod, the heating type oil-water separator, the silica gel heating tape, and the plurality of heating elements are all electrically connected to the controller.
[0009] Preferably, a temperature sensor is installed inside the heating rod, and the temperature sensor is used to detect the diesel temperature inside the fuel tank, and the temperature sensor is communicatively connected to the controller.
[0010] Preferably, the silica gel heating tape is wound around the outer wall of the diesel filter.
[0011] Preferably, an electric heating element is provided inside the heating type oil-water separator, and the electric heating element is used to heat the diesel passing through the inside of the heating type oil-water separator, and the electric heating element is electrically connected to the controller.
[0012] Preferably, the silica gel heating tape has a length of 420 mm * 240 mm, a thickness of 2 mm, and a shape of a strip.
[0013] Preferably, each of the heating elements is a PTC thermistor.
[0014] Preferably, the intervals of each of the heating elements are set within the range of 0.7 m to 1.0 m.
[0015] Preferably, the heating rod, the heating type oil-water separator, the silica gel heating tape and the plurality of heating elements are all electrically connected with a power switch, and the heating rod, the heating type oil-water separator, the silica gel heating tape and the plurality of heating elements are all electrically connected to the controller through the corresponding power switches.
[0016] Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of a fuel heating system for a construction machinery diesel engine are as follows:
[0017] By providing the heating rod, the diesel in the fuel tank can be heated, so that the diesel can still maintain good fluidity in a low-temperature environment, thereby ensuring smooth oil output from the fuel tank. By providing the heating type oil-water separator, the diesel flowing through the oil-water separator can be heated by electric energy, reducing the damage of residual moisture and impurities to the diesel engine and improving the fuel fluidity. By providing the silica gel heating tape, the diesel filter can be heated and insulated, thereby heating the diesel flowing through here, ensuring good fluidity of the diesel, and preventing the diesel from waxing and blocking the diesel filter. By providing the heating elements, the diesel flowing through the inside of the fuel supply pipeline can be heated, ensuring that the diesel can smoothly pass through the fuel supply pipeline and ensuring that the diesel supplied to the engine has good fluidity, which is beneficial to fuel injection;
[0018] In summary, the heating effect of the fuel heating system is more stable, the oil temperature can be maintained between 20 °C and 35 °C, and at the same time, the fuel is kept at a constant temperature at various positions in the fuel supply system, the heating is more uniform, the heating system uses an efficient heater to successfully increase the temperature of the fuel and maintain its uniformity, thereby ensuring the fluidity and combustibility of the fuel, and significantly reducing the starting difficulty of the engine and the risk of blockage of the fuel injection system, improving the reliability and stability of the engine;
[0019] Secondly, through actual exhaust analysis and power performance testing, it is found that the fuel heating system significantly improves the degree of complete combustion of fuel, reduces the emissions of unburned decarbonized gases, and reduces the generation of pollutants. The fuel heating system can raise the fuel to a higher temperature, improving the volatility and flammability of the fuel, making it easier for the fuel to mix fully with air and burn, thus improving the combustion efficiency and releasing the energy of the fuel to the greatest extent.
[0020] Thirdly, the fuel heating system also has high reliability and stability. It uses high-quality materials to ensure that the system can operate stably in harsh working environments (with air temperature below -20 degrees Celsius), and has a low failure rate. At the same time, it improves the overall reliability and stability of the diesel engine, reducing the engine's failure risk and maintenance costs.
[0021] In addition, while reducing fuel consumption, the fuel heating system also extends the service life of the engine. The overall performance indicators include: the fuel temperature is raised to 20 to 35 degrees, 0# diesel can be used when the winter air temperature drops to -20 degrees Celsius, the fuel heating efficiency is high, the fuel temperature stability is high, and the system is reliable and durable.
[0022] Finally, the economy of the fuel heating system is greatly improved. Through comparative analysis of actual measured fuel consumption, the results show that the fuel heating system can effectively utilize the thermal energy of the fuel, improve the combustion efficiency of the fuel, and make the energy conversion of the engine more efficient under the same working conditions. Description of the Drawings
[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel heating system for a construction machinery diesel engine provided by the present invention.
[0024] In the figure: 1, fuel tank; 2, diesel filter; 3, fuel supply pipeline; 4, heating rod; 5, heating type oil-water separator; 6, silica gel heating tape; 7, heating element; 8, controller; 9, temperature sensor; 10, power switch. Detailed Embodiments
[0025] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.
[0026] Such as Figure 1As shown in the figure, a fuel heating system for a construction machinery diesel engine includes a fuel tank 1, a diesel filter 2, and a fuel supply pipeline 3. A heating rod 4 is installed inside the fuel tank 1. The heating rod 4 is used to heat the diesel inside the fuel tank 1. The heating rod 4 is composed of a PTC ceramic element used as a heating source, electrodes, and the housing of the heating rod 4. The PTC ceramic element and the electrodes are isolated from the housing of the heating rod 4 by an insulating material, which has the characteristics of explosion prevention and leakage prevention. An NTC thermistor temperature sensor is installed on the heating element to control the heater to automatically cut off the power when the temperature of the heated diesel is too high, thus increasing the safety of the heater. The NTC thermistor is a semiconductor ceramic component mainly made of transition metal oxides, which can realize temperature measurement and temperature control functions. It has a large negative temperature coefficient, and the resistance value changes with the ambient temperature, that is, under a certain measurement power, the resistance value decreases as the temperature rises. A temperature sensor 9 is installed inside the heating rod 4. The temperature sensor 9 is used to detect the temperature of the diesel inside the fuel tank 1. The temperature sensor 9 is communicatively connected to a controller 8.
[0027] A heating type oil-water separator 5 is installed at the bracket of the fuel tank 1, and the oil inlet of the heating type oil-water separator 5 is connected to the oil outlet of the fuel tank 1. When installing the heating type oil-water separator 5, a position with a size of 300mm * 300mm * 500mm is reserved beside the fixing frame of the fuel tank 1. Holes are drilled on the vehicle frame, and bolts, washers, and nuts of M12 are used to fix the heatable oil-water separator on the vehicle frame. The tightening torque is greater than 35 N.m. According to the arrow marking on the base of the heating type oil-water separator 5, this marking is the fuel flow direction. The arrow pointing to the electronic fuel pump is the oil inlet, and the arrow facing away from the electronic fuel pump is the oil outlet. The oil pipe from the fuel tank direction is the inlet pipe. Two combined washers and a hollow bolt are used to fix the inlet pipe on the oil inlet, and then the hollow bolt is tightened. An electric heating element is arranged inside the heating type oil-water separator 5. The electric heating element is used to heat the diesel passing through the inside of the heating type oil-water separator 5. The electric heating element is electrically connected to the controller 8.
[0028] A silica gel heating tape 6 is installed on the diesel filter 2. The silica gel heating tape 6 is used to heat and keep warm the diesel filter 2. The silica gel heating tape 6 is mainly composed of an electric heating material and an insulating material. The electric heating material is a nickel-chromium alloy tape, which has the characteristics of fast heating, high thermal efficiency, and long service life. The insulating material is multi-layered alkali-free glass fiber, which has good temperature resistance performance and reliable insulation performance. The electric heating wire is wound on the alkali-free glass fiber core frame, and the main insulation is silica gel, which has good heat resistance performance and reliable insulation performance. The length and width of the silica gel heating tape 6 are 420mm * 240mm, and the thickness is 2mm. The shape is strip-shaped. The silica gel heating tape 6 is wound around the outer side wall of the diesel filter 2.
[0029] A plurality of heating elements 7 are fixedly installed inside the fuel supply pipeline 3. The heating elements 7 are used to heat the inside of the fuel supply pipeline 3. Each heating element 7 is a PTC thermistor. The intervals between the heating elements 7 are set within the range of 0.7 m to 1.0 m. The PTC thermistor has a constant temperature characteristic. Based on the PTC effect of the thermistor, when an electric current passes through the element, it causes the heating body to heat up by itself. When the temperature exceeds the Curie point temperature, the resistance value increases step by step, thereby reducing the current and power, ensuring the safety of heating.
[0030] It further includes a controller 8. The heating rod 4, the heating type oil-water separator 5, the silica gel heating tape 6 and the plurality of heating elements 7 are all electrically connected to the controller 8. The heating rod 4, the heating type oil-water separator 5, the silica gel heating tape 6 and the plurality of heating elements 7 are all electrically connected with a power switch 10, and the heating rod 4, the heating type oil-water separator 5, the silica gel heating tape 6 and the plurality of heating elements 7 are all electrically connected to the controller 8 through the corresponding power switch 10. By controlling each power switch 10 through the controller 8, the start and stop control of each element can be realized. The controller 8 is directly installed in the main cab and can be controlled according to the on-site working conditions.
[0031] The operating principle of the present invention is described as follows: Drill holes at the bracket position of the fixed fuel tank 1, and reserve a position size of 300mm * 300mm * 500mm (length * width * height) to fix the heating type oil-water separator 5 with a built-in heating function. The wiring voltage is 24. Then install the heating rod 4 in the fuel tank 1. During the operation of the heating rod 4, the temperature of the heating rod 4 can reach 60°C - 80°C, and the fuel temperature in the fuel tank 1 reaches 20°C - 35°C. Ensure that when the construction environment temperature is below 0°C, the diesel will not wax, and the fuel supply system works normally. Install a silica gel heating tape 6 with a voltage of 24V and a maximum power of 60W on the diesel filter 2. This silica gel heating tape 6 can heat and keep warm the diesel filter 2, and the maximum heating temperature is 80°C. When the diesel flows through the fuel supply pipeline 3, through the plurality of heating elements 7 built in the fuel supply pipeline 3, the inside of the fuel supply pipeline 3 can be heated, so as to ensure that the diesel flows smoothly inside the fuel supply pipeline 7 without clogging, and ensure that the fuel supplied to the engine from the fuel supply pipeline 7 can be sprayed out smoothly;
[0032] The economy of the fuel heating system is greatly improved. Through actual measurement and comparative analysis of fuel consumption before and after, the results show that the fuel heating system can effectively utilize the thermal energy of the fuel, improve the combustion efficiency of the fuel, and make the energy conversion of the engine more efficient under the same working conditions. Through comprehensive analysis of the fuel consumption and oil price of three large-scale machines in the mechanical engineering department, it is concluded that:
[0033] The average price difference per single device is: (49.56 + 18.88 + 23.6) / 3 = 30.68 (yuan). Among them, the time using -35 fuel is 6 months, and it is calculated that: 30.68 * 8 * 21 * 6 = 30925.44 (yuan). Each single device can save about 30,000 yuan in fuel costs per year. Calculated according to 30 large-scale devices, the total cost saved is 900,000 yuan.
[0034] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A fuel heating system for a construction machinery diesel engine, comprising a fuel tank (1), a diesel filter (2) and a fuel supply pipeline (3), characterized in that, A heating rod (4) is installed inside the fuel tank (1). The heating rod (4) is used to heat the diesel oil inside the fuel tank (1). A heating type oil-water separator (5) is installed at the bracket of the fuel tank (1), and the oil inlet of the heating type oil-water separator (5) is communicated with the oil outlet of the fuel tank (1); A silica gel heating tape (6) is installed on the diesel filter (2). The silica gel heating tape (6) is used to heat and keep warm the diesel filter (2); A plurality of heating elements (7) are fixedly installed inside the fuel supply pipeline (3). The heating elements (7) are used to heat the inside of the fuel supply pipeline (3); It further includes a controller (8). The heating rod (4), the heating type oil-water separator (5), the silica gel heating tape (6) and the plurality of heating elements (7) are all electrically connected to the controller (8).
2. The fuel heating system for a construction machinery diesel engine according to claim 1, characterized in that A temperature sensor (9) is installed inside the heating rod (4). The temperature sensor (9) is used to detect the temperature of the diesel oil inside the fuel tank (1). The temperature sensor (9) is communicatively connected to the controller (8).
3. A fuel heating system for a construction machinery diesel engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The silica gel heating tape (6) is wound around the outer side wall of the diesel filter (2).
4. A fuel heating system for a construction machinery diesel engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, An electric heating element is arranged inside the heating type oil-water separator (5). The electric heating element is used to heat the diesel oil passing through the inside of the heating type oil-water separator (5). The electric heating element is electrically connected to the controller (8).
5. A fuel heating system for a construction machinery diesel engine according to claim 1, characterized in that The silica gel heating tape (6) has a length and width of 420 mm * 240 mm and a thickness of 2 mm, and its shape is strip-shaped.
6. The fuel heating system for a construction machinery diesel engine according to claim 1, wherein Each of the heating elements (7) is a PTC thermistor.
7. A fuel heating system for a construction machinery diesel engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intervals of each of the heating elements (7) are set within the range of 0.7 meters to 1.0 meters.
8. A fuel heating system for a construction machinery diesel engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating rod (4), the heating type oil-water separator (5), the silica gel heating tape (6) and the plurality of heating elements (7) are all electrically connected with a power switch (10), and the heating rod (4), the heating type oil-water separator (5), the silica gel heating tape (6) and the plurality of heating elements (7) are all electrically connected to the controller (8) through the corresponding power switch (10).