Groove type solar heat collection and energy storage heating and refrigerating system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of solar heat collection and power generation, in particular to a trough type solar heat collection and energy storage heating and refrigerating system which comprises a heat collector, a solar heat collection and energy storage system and a solar heat collection and energy storage system. The preheater is used for transferring heat energy in the secondary fluid medium to the primary fluid medium supplemented into the heat collector; the refrigeration unit is used for carrying out refrigeration work and adjusting the operation mode of the rotary photovoltaic panel; the temperature measuring unit is used for collecting the temperature of a primary fluid medium, the temperature of a secondary fluid medium and the temperature of a refrigeration area; the flow control unit is used for regulating the opening of the siphon regulator; the heat storage unit is used for storing heat energy; a power storage unit for storing electric energy; according to the trough type solar heat collection and energy storage heating and refrigerating system, by means of the mode that all the devices are arranged, the heat conversion efficiency is improved, accurate supply of energy is achieved, and the accuracy and energy saving performance of the trough type solar heat collection and energy storage heating and refrigerating system are further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solar thermal collection and power generation, and in particular to a trough type solar thermal collection and energy storage heating and cooling system. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the global economy and population growth, the demand for energy continues to rise. Traditional fossil energy reserves are limited and non-renewable. Long-term large-scale mining has led to the gradual depletion of resources. Traditional energy emits a large amount of greenhouse gases and pollutants during combustion. Solar energy, as a clean and renewable energy source, has the advantages of unlimited reserves, wide distribution, and no pollution. The trough solar collector uses a parabolic trough reflector to focus sunlight on the heat absorption tube at the focal line position, which can effectively increase the collection temperature and provide possibilities for medium and high temperature applications. Compared with the early simple flat-plate collectors, the trough collector has significantly improved in terms of concentration ratio and heat collection efficiency, meeting the needs of more industrial and civil fields for thermal energy. In cold areas, winter heating is to ensure residents' lives and industrial production. Basic needs, traditional heating methods such as coal-fired boilers, gas boilers, etc. consume a lot of fossil energy and cause environmental pollution. In some energy-scarce areas, energy supply is tight and winter heating faces challenges. Using solar energy for heating can make full use of local solar energy resources, reduce dependence on external energy, and provide clean and sustainable heating solutions. With the improvement of living standards and global warming, the demand for cooling in summer continues to grow. Traditional refrigeration equipment mostly relies on electric drive, consumes a lot of electricity, and some refrigerants (such as Freon) have a destructive effect on the ozone layer and do not meet environmental protection requirements. The development of solar refrigeration technology can not only meet the cooling needs, but also reduce dependence on traditional electricity and negative impact on the environment, achieving the dual goals of efficient use of energy and environmental protection.

[0003] Chinese patent application publication number: CN111854178A discloses a secondary concentrating reflection-uniform heat flow trough solar collector. The invention discloses a secondary concentrating reflection-uniform heat flow trough solar collector. The collector includes a parabolic trough reflector, a reflector bracket, a vacuum heat collection tube and a secondary composite plane reflector. The secondary composite plane reflector and the vacuum heat collection tube are respectively placed above and below the focal line of the parabolic trough reflector. A small part of the sunlight passes through the inner interval of the secondary composite plane reflector to irradiate the sun-facing wall of the vacuum heat collection tube; after the remaining part of the light passes through the parabolic trough reflector to complete the primary concentrating, part of the light is reflected to the back-sunning wall of the vacuum heat collection tube; and part of the light passes through the secondary composite plane reflector and is reflected to the sun-facing wall of the vacuum heat collection tube to complete the secondary concentrating. The invention realizes the uniform illumination flux of the circumferential wall of the vacuum heat collection tube, solves the problem of uneven circumferential heat flux density distribution of the heat collection tube in the traditional trough collector, effectively reduces the thermal stress damage of the heat collection tube, and the transformation process is simple and the cost is low.

[0004] Chinese Patent Application Publication No.: CN111786616A discloses a phase change heat storage concentrating photovoltaic thermoelectric generation system and method based on the thermosiphon effect. The invention discloses a phase change heat storage concentrating photovoltaic thermoelectric generation system and method. The power generation system includes a base, a first support rod, a second support rod, a housing, a water tank, a housing, a spherical lens, a concentrating photovoltaic power generation module, a thermoelectric generation module, a guide rail, a slider, a USB interface, and a water-cooled heat exchanger. The concentrating photovoltaic power generation module efficiently converts solar energy into electrical energy, and the rest is converted into heat energy. The thermoelectric generation module converts part of the high-quality heat energy into electrical energy, and the rest of the low-quality heat energy is transferred to the water-cooled radiator. The water-cooled radiator stores the low-quality heat energy in water in the form of sensible heat and in phase change material particles in the form of latent heat. The invention performs cascade utilization of solar energy. The generated electrical energy is used to charge various electronic products through the USB interface, and the generated heat can be used for daily needs.

[0005] However, the above method has the following problems: it does not consider the energy loss of solar energy under the condition of multiple reflections, cannot link the flow rate of the liquid in the heat collecting pipe with the intensity of sunlight, and fails to well adjust the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy and heat energy according to requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, the present invention provides a trough-type solar heat collection and energy storage heating and cooling system to overcome the problems in the prior art that the energy loss of solar energy is not considered under the condition of multiple reflections, the flow rate of the liquid in the heat collecting pipe cannot be linked with the intensity of sunlight, and the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy and heat energy cannot be well adjusted according to requirements.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a trough-type solar heat collection and energy storage heating and cooling system, including: A collector, which includes a siphon regulator and a rotating photovoltaic panel, is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy or heat energy and transfer the heat energy to a primary fluid medium; A preheater, which is connected to the collector, is used to transfer the heat energy in the secondary fluid medium to the primary fluid medium replenished into the collector; A refrigeration unit, which is respectively connected to the collector and the preheater, is used to drive a refrigeration device to perform refrigeration work through the primary fluid medium and transport the secondary fluid medium generated by the refrigeration device in the refrigeration work to the preheater, use the electrical energy generated by the rotating photovoltaic panel to drive the refrigeration device to perform the refrigeration work, and adjust the operation mode of the rotating photovoltaic panel; A temperature measurement unit, which is respectively connected to the collector, the preheater, and the refrigeration unit, is used to collect the temperature of the primary fluid medium, the temperature of the secondary fluid medium, and the temperature of the refrigeration area; A flow control unit, which is respectively connected to the collector, the preheater and the temperature measurement unit, is used to adjust the opening of the siphon regulator according to the temperature of the primary fluid medium flowing out of the collector, and adjust the flow rate of the secondary fluid medium flowing through the preheater according to the temperature of the primary fluid medium replenished into the collector.

[0008] Further, it further includes: A heat storage unit, which is respectively connected to the collector, the refrigeration unit and the flow control unit, is used to transfer heat energy to the primary fluid medium in the dark state, and store heat energy in the state of insufficient temperature difference. The dark state is the state where the collector cannot absorb solar energy, and the state of insufficient temperature difference is the state where the temperature difference between the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the collector is less than the preset temperature difference; An electricity storage unit, which is respectively connected to the collector and the refrigeration unit, is used to store the electric energy generated by the rotating photovoltaic panel and provide electric energy to the refrigeration unit; A heating unit, which is respectively connected to the collector and the heat storage unit, is used to provide heat energy to the heating area through the primary fluid medium; Wherein, the preset temperature difference is positively correlated with the total length of the pipeline through which the primary fluid medium flows.

[0009] Further, the flow control unit adjusts the opening of the siphon regulator according to the temperature of the primary fluid medium flowing out of the collector, wherein, If the temperature of the primary fluid medium flowing out of the collector is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature, the siphon regulator is opened; If the temperature of the primary fluid medium flowing out of the collector is less than the first preset temperature, the siphon regulator is closed; The first preset temperature is positively correlated with the temperature required in the heating area.

[0010] Further, the flow control unit adjusts the flow rate of the secondary fluid medium flowing through the preheater according to the temperature of the primary fluid medium replenished into the collector, wherein, If the temperature of the primary fluid medium replenished into the collector is greater than or equal to the second preset temperature, the flow rate of the secondary fluid medium flowing through the preheater is reduced; If the temperature of the primary fluid medium replenished into the collector is less than the second preset temperature, the flow rate of the secondary fluid medium flowing through the preheater is increased; The second preset temperature is positively correlated with the ambient temperature.

[0011] Further, the refrigeration unit determines whether to perform the refrigeration work using the thermal energy of the primary fluid medium or the electric energy generated by the rotating photovoltaic panel according to the temperature of the refrigeration area, where if the temperature of the refrigeration area is greater than or equal to the third preset temperature, it is determined to perform the refrigeration work using the electric energy generated by the rotating photovoltaic panel; if the temperature of the refrigeration area is less than the third preset temperature, it is determined to perform the refrigeration work using the thermal energy of the primary fluid medium; The third preset temperature is positively correlated with the required temperature of the refrigeration area.

[0012] Further, the refrigeration unit adjusts the operating mode of the rotating photovoltaic panel, where the operating mode of the rotating photovoltaic panel is adjusted according to the electric energy stored in the electricity storage unit, and the operating mode of the rotating photovoltaic panel includes a heat collection mode and a power generation mode.

[0013] Further, when the siphon regulator is in the open state, it moves on the outer wall of the heat collection inner tube in the opposite direction of the flow direction of the primary fluid medium.

[0014] Further, the rotating photovoltaic panel can rotate around the heat collection tube. In the state of the power generation mode, the rotating photovoltaic panel rotates to the middle position between the heat collection tube and the solar panel; In the state of the heat collection mode, the rotating photovoltaic panel rotates to the middle position between the heat collection tube and the sun.

[0015] Further, when the heat storage unit stores heat below the critical heat value, it sends a heat alarm signal to the flow control unit. The critical heat value is the minimum heat value for maintaining the operation of the heating unit for a preset time, and the preset time is positively correlated with the duration of the dark state; When the electricity storage unit stores electricity below the critical electricity value, it sends an electricity alarm signal to the refrigeration unit. The critical electricity value is the minimum electricity value for maintaining the operation of the refrigeration unit for the preset time.

[0016] Further, when the flow control unit receives the heat alarm signal, the operating mode of the rotating photovoltaic panel is adjusted to the heat collection mode; When the refrigeration unit receives the electricity alarm signal, the operating mode of the rotating photovoltaic panel is adjusted to the power generation mode; When the flow control unit receives the heat alarm signal and the refrigeration unit receives the electricity alarm signal, the operating mode of the rotating photovoltaic panel is adjusted to the heat collection mode.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows. When the sun is sufficient and the heat collection effect is good, the system of the present invention improves the water flow velocity by setting a siphon regulator, thereby improving the heat conversion efficiency. At the same time, the use of a water pump to increase the water flow velocity is abandoned, reducing energy consumption. The relatively high water flow velocity enables the water to flow rapidly in the collector, and can absorb the solar heat collected by the collector more quickly. In a solar heating system, the high-speed flowing water can obtain a large amount of heat energy from the collector in a short time. Compared with low-speed water flow, more heat is carried away per unit time, and thus sufficient heat can be provided for the indoor heating system more quickly, improving the heating efficiency. The rapid removal of heat by the water flow can prevent the collector from overheating due to heat accumulation, and avoid the reduction of the collector efficiency as the temperature rises. When the water flow velocity is too low, large thermal stresses may be generated in some parts of the collector due to heat accumulation, which may cause component damage after long-term action. Increasing the water flow velocity can evenly remove heat, reduce the temperature gradient of each part of the collector, and reduce the damage of thermal stress to components such as the collector pipes and reflectors, extending the service life of the system, and effectively improving the accuracy and practicality of the trough solar collector heat storage heating and cooling system.

[0018] Furthermore, by setting a rotating photovoltaic panel, when the demand for water flow heat exchange decreases, the present invention can convert the excess solar energy into electrical energy, enriching the ways of using solar energy and avoiding energy waste. In a traditional trough solar system, if the demand for water flow heat exchange decreases and the excess solar energy cannot be effectively utilized, energy waste will occur. However, by converting it into electrical energy, the energy that might otherwise be dissipated can be collected, achieving the maximum utilization of solar energy and simultaneously increasing the overall energy output. It can meet multiple energy demands at the same time. It can not only provide hot water for heating, cooling and other heat exchange needs, but also provide electrical energy for cooling at an appropriate time. This technology enriches the utilization mode of solar energy, helps to further reduce the dependence on traditional fossil fuels, promotes the transformation of the energy structure towards a cleaner and more sustainable direction, and further improves the accuracy and practicality of the trough solar collector heat storage heating and cooling system.

[0019] Furthermore, the present invention adjusts the rotating photovoltaic panel and the siphon regulator of the trough solar energy by measuring the temperatures of various fluid media, and preheats the primary fluid medium newly added to the system by using the heat absorbed by the refrigeration unit, effectively reducing energy consumption. It effectively regulates the flow rate of the fluid medium under different sunlight irradiations and different energy supply demands. The intensity and duration of sunlight irradiation change at any time. When sunlight is sufficient, increasing the flow rate of the fluid medium can enable more medium to flow through the collector, quickly absorb and carry away a large amount of heat, avoid the collector from overheating due to heat accumulation, which affects the heat collection efficiency, and avoid the collector from being damaged due to too high temperature or too large temperature fluctuation. When the sunlight irradiation suddenly increases, if the flow rate is not adjusted in time, the temperature of the collector may rise sharply, generating large thermal stress, which will accelerate the aging and damage of the collector components in the long term. By reasonably adjusting the flow rate and stabilizing the temperature of the collector, its service life can be extended, the cost of replacing collector components and the maintenance workload can be reduced. According to different energy supply demands (such as heating, cooling, domestic hot water, etc.), the flow rate is flexibly adjusted. In winter with a large heating demand, the flow rate of the fluid medium is increased to ensure that enough heat is delivered to the heating system to meet the indoor warmth demand. While in summer with a cooling demand as the main, the flow rate is appropriately adjusted to enable the system to efficiently provide cold water for cooling, realizing the precise supply of energy and avoiding energy waste. The flow rate adjustment can keep the system running stably under various working conditions. Whether it is the sudden change of sunlight irradiation or the rapid fluctuation of energy supply demand, by timely adjusting the flow rate, the relative stability of parameters such as temperature and pressure in the system can be maintained, avoiding system failures caused by large fluctuations in parameters, and further improving the accuracy and practicability of the trough solar energy heat collection, energy storage, heating and cooling system.

[0020] Furthermore, by setting up a heat storage unit and an electricity storage unit in the present invention, the acquisition of solar energy depends on sunlight. During the night or on cloudy days, there is insufficient sunlight or even no sunlight. The heat storage unit can store excess heat when sunlight is sufficient and the heat collection efficiency is high. For example, the heat collected by the collector during the day, in addition to meeting the current demand, stores the remaining heat and releases it at night or when the sunlight is weak to provide continuous heat energy for heating, hot water supply, etc., ensuring stable heating of the system without being restricted by the sunlight time. It can buffer the temperature fluctuation of the collector. When the sunlight intensity changes suddenly and the temperature of the collector rises or falls rapidly, the heat storage unit can absorb or release heat to stabilize the temperature of the collector, reduce the damage of thermal stress to the collector and related equipment, extend the service life of the equipment, and ensure the stable operation of the system. The electricity storage unit stores electrical energy when solar power generation is sufficient. For example, when the sunlight is strong during the day and the photovoltaic power generation exceeds the demand of the electrical equipment at that time, the electricity storage unit stores the excess electrical energy and supplies power to the equipment at night or when the sunlight is insufficient, ensuring continuous and stable power supply to meet the electricity demand of users, enabling the trough solar energy system to not only be limited to heating but also flexibly provide electrical energy to meet various energy consumption needs. The heat storage and electricity storage units work together to optimize the distribution of solar energy between thermal energy and electrical energy forms. For example, in winter, the heat storage unit is preferentially used to meet the heating demand, and the excess energy is converted into electrical energy for storage; in summer when the cooling demand is large, the electrical energy is preferentially used to drive the refrigeration equipment, and the insufficient part uses the heat of the heat storage unit to drive the absorption chiller, improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy and further enhancing the accuracy and practicality of the trough solar energy heat collection, energy storage, heating and cooling system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the trough solar energy heat collection, energy storage, heating and cooling system of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the siphon regulator in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the rotating photovoltaic panel in the heat collection mode in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the rotating photovoltaic panel in the power generation mode in the embodiment of the present invention; Among them, 1, collector; 11, parabolic mirror; 12, outer heat collection tube; 13, inner heat collection tube; 14, rotating photovoltaic panel; 15, siphon regulator; 151, limit sealing ring; 152, arc slide plate; 2, preheater; 3, refrigeration unit; 4, temperature measurement unit; 5, flow control unit; 6, heat storage unit; 7, electricity storage unit; 8, heating unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0022] In order to make the objectives and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0023] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principle of the present invention and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0024] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms indicating directions or positional relationships such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. This is only for convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0025] In addition, it should also be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] Please refer to Figure 1 as shown, which is a schematic structural diagram of a trough solar thermal collector energy storage heating and cooling system of the present invention. A trough solar thermal collector energy storage heating and cooling system includes: a collector, which includes a siphon regulator and a rotating photovoltaic panel, for converting solar energy into electrical energy or thermal energy and transferring the thermal energy to a primary fluid medium; a preheater, which is connected to the collector and is used to transfer the thermal energy in the secondary fluid medium to the primary fluid medium replenished into the collector; a refrigeration unit, which is respectively connected to the collector and the preheater, for driving a refrigeration device to perform refrigeration work through the primary fluid medium, transporting the secondary fluid medium generated by the refrigeration device during refrigeration work to the preheater, using the electrical energy generated by the rotating photovoltaic panel to drive the refrigeration device to perform refrigeration work, and adjusting the operation mode of the rotating photovoltaic panel; It is understandable that refrigeration is achieved by utilizing the absorption and release characteristics of a binary solution for the refrigerant at different temperatures. Its working principle involves the following four main processes. Taking a lithium bromide-water absorption refrigeration system as an example (where water is the refrigerant and lithium bromide solution is the absorbent), in the evaporator, the liquid refrigerant (water) under a low-pressure environment absorbs the heat of the object to be cooled (such as the indoor air in an air-conditioning system) and undergoes vaporization (evaporation). In this process, water changes from a liquid state to a gaseous state, absorbing a large amount of latent heat of vaporization, thereby reducing the temperature of the object to be cooled and achieving the refrigeration effect. The refrigerant vapor (water vapor) coming out of the evaporator enters the absorber and is absorbed by the lithium bromide solution with strong water absorbency. After absorbing the water vapor, the concentration of the lithium bromide solution decreases and becomes a dilute solution. During the absorption process, absorption heat is released. To ensure the continuous and efficient progress of the absorption process, it is usually necessary to remove these heats through cooling water to maintain an appropriate temperature inside the absorber. The dilute lithium bromide solution that has absorbed the refrigerant vapor is pumped to the generator through a solution pump. In the generator, the dilute solution is heated using an external heat source (such as steam, hot water, combustion heat of gas, or solar energy, etc.). As the temperature rises, the refrigerant (water) in the lithium bromide solution will evaporate again to form a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor. And the solution becomes a concentrated solution again due to the loss of water. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor generated from the generator enters the condenser. In the condenser, the refrigerant vapor exchanges heat with the cooling water, transferring the heat to the cooling water and cooling and condensing itself into a liquid refrigerant (water). The liquid refrigerant enters the evaporator again after being depressurized through a throttling device, starting a new round of refrigeration cycle.

[0027] Optionally, the primary fluid medium is water and the secondary fluid medium is lithium bromide solution.

[0028] A temperature measurement unit, which is respectively connected to the collector, the preheater, and the refrigeration unit, is used to collect the temperature of the primary fluid medium, the temperature of the secondary fluid medium, and the temperature of the refrigeration area; A flow control unit, which is respectively connected to the collector, the preheater, and the temperature measurement unit, is used to adjust the opening of the siphon regulator according to the temperature of the primary fluid medium flowing out of the collector, and adjust the flow rate of the secondary fluid medium flowing through the preheater according to the temperature of the primary fluid medium replenished into the collector.

[0029] Specifically, it further includes: A heat storage unit, which is respectively connected to the collector, the refrigeration unit, and the flow control unit, is used to transfer thermal energy to the primary fluid medium in the dark state and store thermal energy in the state of insufficient temperature difference. The dark state is the state where the collector cannot absorb solar energy, and the state of insufficient temperature difference is the state where the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the collector is less than the preset temperature difference; An electricity storage unit, which is respectively connected to the collector and the refrigeration unit, is used to store the electric energy generated by the rotating photovoltaic panel and supply electric energy to the refrigeration unit; A heating unit, which is respectively connected to a collector and a heat storage unit, and is used to provide heat energy to a heating area through a primary fluid medium; Wherein, the preset temperature difference is positively correlated with the total length of the pipeline through which the primary fluid medium flows.

[0030] It can be understood that the longer the total length of the pipeline through which the primary fluid medium flows, the greater the heat energy loss, and the greater the temperature difference between the temperature of the primary fluid medium flowing out of the collector and the temperature of the primary fluid medium flowing back into the collector. Therefore, the preset temperature difference is greater.

[0031] In implementation, the preheater 2 is connected to the collector 1, the refrigeration unit 3 is respectively connected to the collector 1 and the preheater 2, the temperature measurement unit 4 is respectively connected to the collector 1, the preheater 2 and the refrigeration unit 3, the flow control unit 5 is respectively connected to the collector 1, the preheater 2 and the temperature measurement unit 4, the heat storage unit 6 is respectively connected to the collector 1, the refrigeration unit 3 and the flow control unit 5, the electricity storage unit 7 is respectively connected to the collector 1 and the refrigeration unit 3, and the heating unit 8 is respectively connected to the collector 1 and the heat storage unit 6.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 2 As shown, it is a schematic structural diagram of the siphon regulator in the embodiment of the present invention. The flow control unit adjusts the opening of the siphon regulator according to the temperature of the primary fluid medium flowing out of the collector. Among them, If the temperature of the primary fluid medium flowing out of the collector is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature, the siphon regulator is opened; If the temperature of the primary fluid medium flowing out of the collector is less than the first preset temperature, the siphon regulator is closed; In implementation, the first preset temperature is 80 °C. If the temperature of the primary fluid medium flowing out of the collector is 90 °C, which is greater than the first preset temperature, the siphon regulator is opened; If the temperature of the primary fluid medium flowing out of the collector is 75 °C, which is less than the first preset temperature, the siphon regulator is closed.

[0033] The first preset temperature is positively correlated with the temperature required in the heating area.

[0034] It can be understood that the higher the temperature required in the heating area, the higher the water temperature at the outlet of the collector, and the lower the temperature required in the heating area, the lower the water temperature at the outlet of the collector. Therefore, the first preset temperature is positively correlated with the temperature required in the heating area.

[0035] In implementation, the inner heat collecting tube 13 is arranged inside the outer heat collecting tube 12. The siphon regulator 15 is arranged on the inner heat collecting tube 13. The limit sealing ring 151 contacts the front end of the inner heat collecting tube 13 when the siphon regulator 15 is opened, and contacts the rear end of the front end of the inner heat collecting tube 13 when the siphon regulator 15 is closed. The siphon regulator 15 slides along the pipeline direction on the inner heat collecting tube 13 through the arc-shaped slide plate 152.

[0036] Specifically, when the sun is sufficient and the heat collection effect is good, the system of the present invention improves the flow rate of water by setting a siphon regulator, improves the efficiency of heat conversion, and at the same time abandons the use of a water pump to increase the flow rate of water, reducing energy consumption. The higher water flow rate enables water to flow rapidly in the collector, and can absorb the solar heat collected by the collector more quickly. In a solar heating system, the rapidly flowing water can obtain a large amount of heat energy from the collector in a short time. Compared with low-speed water flow, more heat is carried away per unit time, and thus sufficient heat can be provided for the indoor heating system more quickly, improving the heating efficiency. The rapid removal of heat by the water flow can prevent the collector from overheating due to heat accumulation, and prevent the reduction of the collector efficiency as the temperature rises. When the water flow rate is too low, large thermal stresses may be generated in some parts of the collector due to heat accumulation, and long-term action will cause component damage. Increasing the water flow rate can evenly carry away heat, reduce the temperature gradient of each part of the collector, reduce the damage of thermal stress to components such as the collector pipeline and reflector, extend the service life of the system, and effectively improve the accuracy and practicality of the trough solar heat collection, energy storage, heating and cooling system.

[0037] Specifically, the flow control unit adjusts the flow rate of the secondary fluid medium flowing through the preheater according to the temperature of the primary fluid medium replenished into the collector, where if the temperature of the primary fluid medium replenished into the collector is greater than or equal to the second preset temperature, the flow rate of the secondary fluid medium flowing through the preheater is reduced; if the temperature of the primary fluid medium replenished into the collector is less than the second preset temperature, the flow rate of the secondary fluid medium flowing through the preheater is increased; In implementation, the second preset temperature is 20°C. If the temperature of the primary fluid medium replenished into the collector is 28°C, which is greater than the second preset temperature, the flow rate of the secondary fluid medium flowing through the preheater is reduced; if the temperature of the primary fluid medium replenished into the collector is 18°C, which is less than the second preset temperature, the flow rate of the secondary fluid medium flowing through the preheater is increased.

[0038] The second preset temperature is positively correlated with the ambient temperature.

[0039] It can be understood that the ambient temperature affects the temperature of the primary fluid medium replenished into the collector. When the ambient temperature is too low, the temperature of the primary fluid medium replenished into the collector decreases, and the second preset temperature needs to be reduced. Otherwise, the flow rate of the secondary fluid medium flowing through the preheater will keep increasing. When the ambient temperature rises, the temperature of the primary fluid medium replenished into the collector increases, and the second preset temperature needs to be increased. Otherwise, the insufficient flow rate of the secondary fluid medium will lead to insufficient preheating. Therefore, the second preset temperature is positively correlated with the ambient temperature.

[0040] Specifically, the refrigeration unit determines whether to use the thermal energy of the primary fluid medium for refrigeration work or the electric energy generated by the rotating photovoltaic panel for refrigeration work according to the temperature of the refrigeration area. Among them, If the temperature of the refrigeration area is greater than or equal to the third preset temperature, it is determined to use the electric energy generated by the rotating photovoltaic panel for refrigeration work; If the temperature of the refrigeration area is less than the third preset temperature, it is determined to use the thermal energy of the primary fluid medium for refrigeration work; In practice, the third preset temperature is 18 °C. If the temperature of the refrigeration area is 24 °C, which is greater than the third preset temperature, it is determined to use the electric energy generated by the rotating photovoltaic panel for refrigeration work; If the temperature of the refrigeration area is 12 °C, which is less than the third preset temperature, it is determined to use the thermal energy of the primary fluid medium for refrigeration work.

[0041] The third preset temperature is positively correlated with the required temperature of the refrigeration area.

[0042] It can be understood that in the initial state, the thermal energy of the primary fluid medium is used for refrigeration work. If the temperature of the refrigeration work is lower than the required temperature of the refrigeration area, it indicates that the thermal energy for refrigeration work meets the requirements. If the temperature of the refrigeration work is higher than the required temperature of the refrigeration area, it indicates that the thermal energy for refrigeration work does not meet the requirements, and electric energy needs to be used to make the refrigeration equipment operate at full load. Therefore, the third preset temperature is positively correlated with the required temperature of the refrigeration area.

[0043] Specifically, the refrigeration unit adjusts the operation mode of the rotating photovoltaic panel. Among them, The operation mode of the rotating photovoltaic panel is adjusted according to the electric energy stored in the electricity storage unit. The operation modes of the rotating photovoltaic panel include a heat collection mode and a power generation mode.

[0044] Specifically, by setting the rotating photovoltaic panel in the present invention, when the demand for water flow heat exchange decreases, the excess solar energy is converted into electric energy, enriching the ways of using solar energy and avoiding energy waste. In a traditional trough solar energy system, if the demand for water flow heat exchange decreases, the excess solar energy cannot be effectively utilized, resulting in energy waste. However, converting it into electric energy can collect the energy that might otherwise be dissipated, achieving the maximum utilization of solar energy, while improving the overall energy output. It can simultaneously meet multiple energy demands. It can not only provide hot water for heating, refrigeration and other heat exchange demands, but also provide electric energy for refrigeration at an appropriate time. This technology enriches the utilization methods of solar energy, helps to further reduce the dependence on traditional fossil energy, promotes the transformation of the energy structure towards a cleaner and more sustainable direction, and further improves the accuracy and practicality of the trough solar energy heat collection, energy storage, heating and refrigeration system.

[0045] Specifically, when the siphon regulator is in the open state, it moves along the outer wall of the heat collection inner tube in the opposite direction of the flow direction of the primary fluid medium.

[0046] Specifically, the rotating photovoltaic panel can rotate around the heat collecting pipe. In the power generation mode, the rotating photovoltaic panel rotates to the middle position between the heat collecting pipe and the solar panel. In the heat collection mode, the rotating photovoltaic panel rotates to the middle position between the heat collecting pipe and the sun.

[0047] Specifically, the present invention adjusts the rotating photovoltaic panel and the siphon regulator of the trough solar energy by measuring the temperatures of various fluid media, preheats the primary fluid medium newly added to the system by using the heat absorbed by the refrigeration unit, effectively reduces the energy consumption, and effectively regulates the flow rate of the fluid medium under different sunlight irradiations and different energy supply demands. The sunlight irradiation intensity and duration change at any time. When the sunlight is sufficient, increasing the fluid medium flow rate can enable more medium to flow through the collector, quickly absorb and carry away a large amount of heat, avoid the collector from being damaged due to excessive temperature caused by heat accumulation, which affects the heat collection efficiency, and avoid the collector from being damaged due to too high temperature or too large temperature fluctuation. When the sunlight irradiation suddenly increases, if the flow rate is not adjusted in time, the temperature of the collector may rise sharply, generating a large thermal stress, which will accelerate the aging and damage of the collector components in the long term. By reasonably adjusting the flow rate and stabilizing the temperature of the collector, its service life can be extended, the cost of replacing the collector components and the maintenance workload can be reduced, and the flow rate can be flexibly adjusted according to different energy supply demands (such as heating, refrigeration, domestic hot water, etc.). In winter with a large heating demand, the fluid medium flow rate is increased to ensure that enough heat is delivered to the heating system to meet the indoor heating demand. In summer with a mainly refrigeration demand, the flow rate is appropriately adjusted to enable the system to efficiently provide cold water for refrigeration, realizing the precise supply of energy and avoiding energy waste. The flow rate adjustment can keep the system running stably under various working conditions. Whether it is the sudden change of sunlight irradiation or the rapid fluctuation of the energy supply demand, by adjusting the flow rate in time, the relative stability of parameters such as temperature and pressure in the system can be maintained, and the system failure caused by large parameter fluctuations can be avoided, further improving the accuracy and practicability of the trough solar energy heat collection, energy storage, heating and refrigeration system.

[0048] Specifically, when the heat storage unit stores heat lower than the critical heat value, it sends a heat alarm signal to the flow control unit. The critical heat value is the minimum heat value required to maintain the heating unit working for a preset time, and the preset time is positively correlated with the duration of the dark state. It can be understood that the longer the duration of the dark state, the longer the collector cannot absorb solar energy for conversion, and the preset time needs to be increased to meet the heating requirements of the heating unit. Therefore, the preset time is positively correlated with the duration of the dark state.

[0049] When the electricity storage unit stores electricity lower than the critical electricity value, it sends an electricity alarm signal to the refrigeration unit. The critical electricity value is the minimum electricity value required to maintain the refrigeration unit working for a preset time.

[0050] Specifically, in the present invention, by setting up a heat storage unit and an electricity storage unit, the acquisition of solar energy depends on sunlight. When there is insufficient sunlight or even no sunlight at night or on cloudy days, the heat storage unit can store excess heat when sunlight is sufficient and the heat collection efficiency is high. For example, the heat collected by the collector during the day, in addition to meeting the current demand, stores the remaining heat and releases it at night or when the sunlight is weak to provide continuous heat energy for heating, hot water supply, etc., ensuring stable heat supply of the system without being restricted by the sunlight time. It can buffer the temperature fluctuation of the collector. When the light intensity changes suddenly and the temperature of the collector rises or falls rapidly, the heat storage unit can absorb or release heat to stabilize the temperature of the collector, reduce the damage of thermal stress to the collector and related equipment, extend the service life of the equipment, and ensure the stable operation of the system. The electricity storage unit stores electric energy when solar power generation is sufficient. For example, when the sunlight is strong during the day and the photovoltaic power generation exceeds the demand of the electrical equipment at that time, the electricity storage unit stores the excess electric energy and supplies power to the equipment at night or when the sunlight is insufficient, ensuring continuous and stable power supply to meet the electricity demand of users, enabling the trough solar energy system not only to be limited to heat supply but also to flexibly provide electric energy to meet various energy usage needs. The heat storage and electricity storage units work together to achieve the optimal distribution of solar energy between the forms of heat energy and electric energy. For example, in winter, the heat storage unit is preferentially used to meet the heating demand, and the excess energy is converted into electric energy for storage; when the cooling demand is large in summer, electric energy is preferentially used to drive the refrigeration equipment, and the insufficient part uses the heat of the heat storage unit to drive the absorption refrigeration machine, improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy and further enhancing the accuracy and practicability of the trough solar energy heat collection, energy storage, heating and cooling system.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 3 as shown, which is a schematic structural diagram of the rotating photovoltaic panel in the heat collection mode in the embodiment of the present invention. In the state where the flow control unit receives a heat alarm signal, the operation mode of the rotating photovoltaic panel is adjusted to the heat collection mode; Please refer to Figure 4 as shown, which is a schematic structural diagram of the rotating photovoltaic panel in the power generation mode in the embodiment of the present invention. In the state where the refrigeration unit receives an electricity alarm signal, the operation mode of the rotating photovoltaic panel is adjusted to the power generation mode; It can be understood that in the state where the operation mode of the rotating photovoltaic panel is adjusted to the heat collection mode, the rotating photovoltaic panel rotates around the heat collection tube to the middle position between the heat collection outer tube and the sun, and the parabolic mirror focuses sunlight on the heat collection outer tube to exchange heat with the water in the heat collection outer tube.

[0052] It can be understood that in the state where the operation mode of the rotating photovoltaic panel is adjusted to the power generation mode, the rotating photovoltaic panel rotates around the heat collection tube to the middle position between the parabolic mirror and the heat collection outer tube, and the parabolic mirror reflects sunlight onto the rotating photovoltaic panel, and the rotating photovoltaic panel converts solar energy into electric energy.

[0053] In implementation, the rotating photovoltaic panel 14 can rotate around the heat collecting outer tube 12. The heat collecting inner tube 13 is arranged inside the heat collecting outer tube 12. When the operation mode of the rotating photovoltaic panel is adjusted to the heat collecting mode, the rotating photovoltaic panel 14 is located at the middle position between the heat collecting outer tube 12 and the sun. When the operation mode of the rotating photovoltaic panel is adjusted to the power generation mode, the rotating photovoltaic panel 14 is located between the parabolic reflector 11 and the heat collecting outer tube 12.

[0054] When the flow control unit receives a heat alarm signal and the refrigeration unit receives a power alarm signal, the operation mode of the rotating photovoltaic panel is adjusted to the heat collecting mode.

[0055] So far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or replacements to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or replacements will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0056] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A trough solar thermal energy collection, energy storage, heating and cooling system, characterized in that Comprising: A collector, which includes a siphon regulator and a rotating photovoltaic panel, for converting solar energy into electric energy or heat energy, and transferring the heat energy to a primary fluid medium; A preheater, which is connected to the collector, for transferring the heat energy in the secondary fluid medium to the primary fluid medium replenished into the collector; A refrigeration unit, which is respectively connected to the collector and the preheater, for driving a refrigeration device to perform refrigeration work through the primary fluid medium, transporting the secondary fluid medium generated by the refrigeration device during the refrigeration work to the preheater, using the electric energy generated by the rotating photovoltaic panel to drive the refrigeration device to perform the refrigeration work, and adjusting the operation mode of the rotating photovoltaic panel; A temperature measurement unit, which is respectively connected to the collector, the preheater and the refrigeration unit, for collecting the temperature of the primary fluid medium, the temperature of the secondary fluid medium and the temperature of the refrigeration area; A flow control unit, which is respectively connected to the collector, the preheater and the temperature measurement unit, for adjusting the opening of the siphon regulator according to the temperature of the primary fluid medium flowing out of the collector, and adjusting the flow rate of the secondary fluid medium flowing through the preheater according to the temperature of the primary fluid medium replenished into the collector.

2. The trough solar heat collection, energy storage, heating and cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that It further comprises: A heat storage unit, which is respectively connected to the collector, the refrigeration unit and the flow control unit, for transferring heat energy to the primary fluid medium in the dark state, and storing heat energy in the state of insufficient temperature difference. The dark state is the state where the collector cannot absorb solar energy, and the state of insufficient temperature difference is the state where the temperature difference between the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the collector is less than a preset temperature difference; An electricity storage unit, which is respectively connected to the collector and the refrigeration unit, for storing the electric energy generated by the rotating photovoltaic panel, and supplying electric energy to the refrigeration unit; A heating unit, which is respectively connected to the collector and the heat storage unit, for providing heat energy to a heating area through the primary fluid medium; Wherein, the preset temperature difference is positively correlated with the total length of the pipeline through which the primary fluid medium flows.

3. The trough solar heat collection, energy storage, heating and cooling system according to claim 2, wherein The flow control unit adjusts the opening of the siphon regulator according to the temperature of the primary fluid medium flowing out of the collector, wherein, If the temperature of the primary fluid medium flowing out of the collector is greater than or equal to a first preset temperature, the siphon regulator is opened; If the temperature of the primary fluid medium flowing out of the collector is less than the first preset temperature, the siphon regulator is closed; The first preset temperature is positively correlated with the temperature required in the heating area.

4. The trough solar energy heat collection, energy storage, heating and cooling system according to claim 3, wherein The flow control unit adjusts the flow rate of the secondary fluid medium flowing through the preheater according to the temperature of the primary fluid medium replenished into the collector, wherein, If the temperature of the primary fluid medium replenished into the collector is greater than or equal to a second preset temperature, the flow rate of the secondary fluid medium flowing through the preheater is reduced; If the temperature of the primary fluid medium replenished into the collector is less than the second preset temperature, the flow rate of the secondary fluid medium flowing through the preheater is increased; The second preset temperature is positively correlated with the ambient temperature.

5. The trough solar heat collection, energy storage, heating and cooling system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The refrigeration unit determines whether to perform the refrigeration work using the thermal energy of the primary fluid medium or the electric energy generated by the rotating photovoltaic panel according to the temperature of the refrigeration area. Among them, if the temperature of the refrigeration area is greater than or equal to the third preset temperature, it is determined to perform the refrigeration work using the electric energy generated by the rotating photovoltaic panel; if the temperature of the refrigeration area is less than the third preset temperature, it is determined to perform the refrigeration work using the thermal energy of the primary fluid medium; the third preset temperature is positively correlated with the required temperature of the refrigeration area.

6. The trough solar heat collection energy storage heating and cooling system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The refrigeration unit adjusts the operation mode of the rotating photovoltaic panel. Among them, the operation mode of the rotating photovoltaic panel is adjusted according to the electric energy stored in the electricity storage unit, and the operation mode of the rotating photovoltaic panel includes a heat collection mode and a power generation mode.

7. The trough solar thermal energy collection, energy storage, heating and cooling system according to claim 6, wherein When the siphon regulator is in the open state, it moves along the outer wall of the inner heat collection tube in the opposite direction of the flow direction of the primary fluid medium.

8. The trough solar heat collection, energy storage, heating and cooling system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rotating photovoltaic panel can rotate around the heat collection tube. In the power generation mode, the rotating photovoltaic panel rotates to the middle position between the heat collection tube and the solar panel; In the heat collection mode, the rotating photovoltaic panel rotates to the middle position between the heat collection tube and the sun.

9. The trough solar heat collection, energy storage, heating and cooling system according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the heat storage unit stores heat lower than the critical heat value, it sends a heat alarm signal to the flow control unit. The critical heat value is the minimum heat value required to maintain the heating unit working for a preset time, and the preset time is positively correlated with the duration of the dark state; When the electricity storage unit stores electricity lower than the critical electricity value, it sends an electricity alarm signal to the refrigeration unit. The critical electricity value is the minimum electricity value required to maintain the refrigeration unit working for the preset time.

10. The trough solar thermal energy collection, energy storage, heating and cooling system according to claim 9, characterized in that, When the flow control unit receives the heat alarm signal, the operation mode of the rotating photovoltaic panel is adjusted to the heat collection mode; When the refrigeration unit receives the electricity alarm signal, the operation mode of the rotating photovoltaic panel is adjusted to the power generation mode; When the flow control unit receives the heat alarm signal and the refrigeration unit receives the electricity alarm signal, the operation mode of the rotating photovoltaic panel is adjusted to the heat collection mode.

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