Disturbance distributed vacuum drier and application thereof in production of N-methyl pyrrolidone

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vacuum drying, in particular to a disturbance dispersion type vacuum drying machine and application in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone production.The disturbance dispersion type vacuum drying machine comprises a drying kettle and a sealing kettle fixedly installed in the drying kettle, and the circumferential outer wall of the drying kettle is communicated with a steam conveying pipe and a discharging pipe; a hollow pipe and a feeding pipe which penetrate through the sealing kettle are fixed on the circumferential outer wall of the drying kettle; the two-way disturbance assembly is arranged on the drying kettle and connected with the sealing kettle, and a follower plate is connected to the two-way disturbance assembly; the follow-up telescopic mechanism is arranged on the two-way disturbance assembly, and the two-way disturbance assembly is further provided with a centrifugal regulation and control mechanism connected with the follow-up telescopic mechanism; and the pressure relief discharging assembly is arranged on the circumferential outer wall of the drying kettle and used for conducting pressure relief action on the drying kettle, and the stretching amount and the deflection angle of a follower plate can be adjusted according to the drying state so as to adjust the material drying effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vacuum drying, and specifically to a disturbance-dispersive vacuum dryer and its application in the production of N-methylpyrrolidone. Background Art

[0002] The recycling and utilization of waste batteries is an important environmental protection measure, aiming to reduce environmental pollution and realize the reuse of resources by recycling and treating waste batteries. Waste batteries contain heavy metals and other harmful substances. If discarded randomly, they will pose hazards to the environment and human health. Therefore, recycling waste batteries can not only prevent pollution but also effectively utilize the useful components therein and save resources.

[0003] The recycling of waste batteries first requires the disassembly of the batteries to separate components such as the outer shell and electrodes. Then, N-methylpyrrolidone solution is used to dissolve the binder in some battery components to ensure more efficiently peeling the electrode material from the current collector, which helps the subsequent recovery of valuable metals in the electrode material.

[0004] After the recovery of precious metals, since N-methylpyrrolidone has certain toxicity, it is necessary to recycle the N-methylpyrrolidone solution remaining in the waste batteries. Currently, the existing recycling usually involves adding the waste batteries into a vacuum dryer for drying and separation treatment. However, the existing vacuum dryer directly stirs and dries the raw materials. Since all the materials are in a stirring motion state and the area of heat drying is limited, the heat exchange efficiency with the raw materials is not high, resulting in a slow drying rate of the raw materials, and usually only the solution on the surface can be dried, and the inside of the raw materials cannot be dried. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a disturbance-dispersive vacuum dryer and its application in the production of N-methylpyrrolidone to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A disturbance-dispersive vacuum dryer, comprising: A drying kettle, and a sealed kettle fixedly installed inside the drying kettle. The circumferential outer wall of the drying kettle is connected with a steam delivery pipe and a discharge pipe, and the circumferential outer wall of the drying kettle is fixed with a vacuum pipe and a feeding pipe that penetrate through the sealed kettle; It further includes: A two-way disturbance component, arranged on the drying kettle and connected to the sealed kettle, and a follower plate is connected to the two-way disturbance component; A follow-up telescopic mechanism is arranged on the bidirectional perturbation component, and a centrifugal regulation mechanism connected to the follow-up telescopic mechanism is also arranged on the bidirectional perturbation component. The centrifugal regulation mechanism can act when the bidirectional perturbation component moves, and while driving the follow-up plate to move towards or away from the inner wall of the sealing kettle through the follow-up telescopic mechanism, adjust the yaw angle of the follow-up plate; A pressure relief and discharge component is arranged on the circumferential outer wall of the drying kettle and is used to perform a pressure relief action on the drying kettle.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: The bidirectional perturbation component includes a motor fixedly installed on the side wall of the drying kettle. A transmission rod is rotatably installed in the drying kettle, passing through the sealing kettle and connected to the output shaft of the motor. A plurality of fixed sleeves are fixedly arranged on the transmission rod at equal intervals; It further includes support sleeves fixedly installed on the side walls of the fixed sleeves and arranged symmetrically. A support rod is slidably installed in the support sleeve, and the support rod is fixedly connected to the follow-up plate.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: The follow-up telescopic mechanism includes a rotating rod slidably installed in the transmission rod. A plurality of first chutes are arranged at equal intervals on the circumferential outer wall of the transmission rod. A fixed block slidably connected to the first chute is fixed on the rotating rod. A sliding sleeve sleeved on the transmission rod is fixed on the fixed block, and a driven component connected to the support sleeve is arranged on the sliding sleeve.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: The driven component includes a card slot opened on the circumferential outer wall of the support sleeve. A groove is opened on the support rod. A movable sleeve is slidably installed on the support sleeve. A sliding ring slidably connected to the groove and the card slot is fixed in the movable sleeve. A connecting rod hinged to the sliding sleeve is hinged on the movable sleeve. A guiding structure connected to the support rod is arranged on the support sleeve.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: The guiding structure includes a spiral groove opened on the circumferential outer wall of the support rod. A limiting block slidably fitted with the spiral groove is fixed in the support sleeve.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: The centrifugal regulation mechanism includes a support plate fixedly installed on the transmission rod. A plurality of third chutes are arranged at equal intervals in a circle on the support plate. A sliding block is slidably installed in the third chute. A support component connected to the sliding block is arranged on the rotating rod.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: The support assembly includes a receiving plate fixedly installed at the end of the rotating rod. A hollow rod is fixed on the sliding block. An active rod fixedly connected to the receiving plate is slidably installed in the hollow rod. An elastic structure connected to the rotating rod is provided on the transmission rod.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: The elastic structure includes a second chute opened on the circumferential outer wall of the transmission rod. A fixing ring is fixed at the end of the transmission rod. A limiting ring slidably connected to the second chute is fixed on the rotating rod. A first spring is sleeved on the transmission rod. Two ends of the first spring are respectively abutted against the fixing ring and the limiting ring.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: The pressure relief and discharge assembly includes a pressure relief pipe connected to the drying kettle. A support ring is fixed on the inner wall of the pressure relief pipe. A conduit is connected to the circumferential outer wall of the pressure relief pipe. It further includes a sealing disc slidably installed in the pressure relief pipe and abutted against the support ring. A push rod penetrating the pressure relief pipe is fixed on the sealing disc. A second spring is sleeved on the push rod. Two ends of the second spring are respectively abutted against the sealing disc and the inner wall of the pressure relief pipe.

[0015] Application of the disturbance and dispersion type vacuum dryer in the production of N-methylpyrrolidone, adopting the described disturbance and dispersion type vacuum dryer.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This application can realize the layered drying treatment of raw materials by adjusting the contact area and yaw angle between the follower plate and the raw materials. Specifically, in the initial state, the distance between the follower plate and the sealing kettle is the largest, and the yaw angle is the largest. When the bidirectional disturbance assembly works, it drives the follower plate to disturb and stir the upper-layer raw materials. Since the contact area between the follower plate and the raw materials is the smallest at this time, the amount of disturbance and stirring of the raw materials per time is also less, so that the partial raw materials can be quickly dried.

[0017] By setting the yaw angles of the two follower plates to be opposite, under the action of the two follower plates, two-directional stirring forces can be provided to the raw materials, which can not only ensure that the raw materials will not accumulate, but also control the raw materials to reciprocally stir along the length direction of the sealing kettle, thereby increasing the heat exchange area between the raw materials and the heating steam.

[0018] After the drying of the raw materials on the surface layer is completed, the output power of the motor can be increased. Under the action of the centrifugal control mechanism, through the follower telescopic mechanism, the distance between the follower plate and the sealing kettle is reduced, and the angle between the follower plate and the transmission rod is reduced, so that the depth of the follower plate inserted into the raw materials is increased, and the contact area between the follower plate and the raw materials is increased, so as to disturb and stir the raw materials at the bottom. Through the synchronous adjustment of the distance and deflection angle of the follower plate, the upper-layer raw materials can be quickly dried first, and then the deep raw materials can be dried, ensuring that the raw materials can be dried comprehensively.

[0019] Through the pressure relief and discharge assembly, when there is too much steam in the drying chamber due to misoperation during the steam transportation process, the conduit can be automatically controlled to conduct, so as to relieve the pressure of the drying chamber, thereby playing a role in protecting the drying kettle and the sealing kettle. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a disturbance-dispersive vacuum dryer.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of another angle in an embodiment of a disturbance-dispersive vacuum dryer.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the drying kettle and the sealing kettle in an embodiment of a disturbance-dispersive vacuum dryer.

[0023] Figure 4 For Figure 3 The enlarged structural diagram at position A in

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic connection diagram of part of the two-way disturbance assembly, part of the follower telescopic mechanism, and part of the pressure relief and discharge mechanism in an embodiment of a disturbance-dispersive vacuum dryer.

[0025] Figure 6 For Figure 5 The schematic structural diagram of another angle.

[0026] Figure 7 For Figure 6 The enlarged structural diagram at position B in

[0027] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of part of the two-way disturbance assembly and part of the follower telescopic mechanism in an embodiment of a disturbance-dispersive vacuum dryer.

[0028] Figure 9 It is a schematic partial half-sectional structural diagram in an embodiment of a disturbance-dispersive vacuum dryer.

[0029] Figure 10Explosion structure schematic diagram of part of the two-way disturbance components and part of the follower telescopic mechanism in an embodiment of a disturbance decentralized vacuum dryer.

[0030] Figure 11 Explosion structure schematic diagram of the pressure relief and discharge mechanism in an embodiment of a disturbance decentralized vacuum dryer.

[0031] In the figure: 1, drying kettle; 101, vacuum tube; 102, steam delivery pipe; 103, discharge pipe; 2, feed pipe; 3, sealed kettle; 4, motor; 5, transmission rod; 501, first chute; 502, second chute; 6, rotating rod; 7, fixed sleeve; 8, support sleeve; 801, clamping groove; 9, support rod; 10, follower plate; 11, groove; 12, sliding ring; 13, movable sleeve; 14, spiral groove; 15, limit block; 16, fixed block; 17, sliding sleeve; 18, connecting rod; 19, support plate; 1901, third chute; 20, sliding block; 21, hollow rod; 22, movable rod; 23, receiving plate; 24, fixing ring; 25, limiting ring; 26, first spring; 27, pressure relief pipe; 2701, support ring; 28, sealing disc; 29, push rod; 30, second spring; 31, conduit. Detailed implementation manners

[0032] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] In addition, an element in the present invention is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, which may be directly on the other element or there may also be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are only for the purpose of illustration and do not represent the only implementation manners.

[0034] Please refer to Figures 1 to 11 , in an embodiment of the present invention, a disturbance decentralized vacuum dryer includes: A drying kettle 1 and a sealed kettle 3 fixedly installed in the drying kettle 1. The outer circumferential wall of the drying kettle 1 is connected to a steam delivery pipe 102 and a discharge pipe 103, and the outer circumferential wall of the drying kettle 1 is fixed with a vacuum tube 101 and a feed pipe 2 that penetrate the sealed kettle 3; It further includes: The bidirectional disturbance component is arranged on the drying kettle 1 and connected to the sealing kettle 3, and a follower plate 10 is connected to the bidirectional disturbance component; The follower telescopic mechanism is arranged on the bidirectional disturbance component. An eccentric control mechanism connected to the follower telescopic mechanism is further arranged on the bidirectional disturbance component. The eccentric control mechanism can act when the bidirectional disturbance component moves, and while driving the follower plate 10 to move towards or away from the inner wall of the sealing kettle 3 through the follower telescopic mechanism, adjust the yaw angle of the follower plate 10; The pressure relief and discharge component is arranged on the circumferential outer wall of the drying kettle 1 and is used to perform a pressure relief action on the drying kettle 1.

[0035] Specifically, raw materials can be added into the sealing kettle 3 through the feeding pipe 2, and the sealing kettle 3 is evacuated through the vacuum pipe 101 to reduce the boiling point of the solution. At the same time, heating steam is transported into the cavity formed between the drying kettle 1 and the sealing kettle 3 through the steam delivery pipe 102. Under the action of the bidirectional disturbance component, the raw materials are disturbed and stirred by the follower plate 10, so as to increase the heat exchange area between the raw materials and the steam. When the output power of the bidirectional disturbance component changes, under the action of the eccentric control mechanism, the distance between the follower plate 10 and the inner wall of the sealing kettle 3 is adjusted through the follower telescopic mechanism, and the yaw angle of the follower plate 10 is adjusted to adjust the stirring intensity of the raw materials, ensuring that the solution in the raw materials can be completely dried.

[0036] Please refer to Figures 1 - 3 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figures 8 - 10 , the bidirectional disturbance component includes a motor 4 fixedly installed on the side wall of the drying kettle 1. A transmission rod 5 is rotatably installed in the drying kettle 1, passing through the sealing kettle 3 and connected to the output shaft of the motor 4. A plurality of fixed sleeves 7 are fixedly arranged on the transmission rod 5 at equal intervals; It also includes support sleeves 8 fixedly installed on the side walls of the fixed sleeves 7 and arranged symmetrically. A support rod 9 is slidably installed in the support sleeve 8, and the support rod 9 is fixedly connected to the follower plate 10.

[0037] Specifically, taking one of the fixed sleeves 7 as an example, the follower plates 10 are symmetrically and staggeredly arranged on both sides of the fixed sleeve 7, and the yaw angles of the two follower plates 10 are opposite. In the initial state, under the action of the follower telescopic mechanism, the support rod 9 is located at the end of the stroke inside the support sleeve 8, and the yaw angle between the follower plate 10 and the transmission rod 5 is the largest. When raw materials are added into the sealed kettle 3, at this time, the amount of solution contained in the raw materials is relatively large, and the weight of the raw materials is also relatively large. Under the action of the motor 4, the transmission rod 5 is driven to rotate, thereby driving the fixed sleeve 7 to move. The fixed sleeve 7 will drive the support sleeve 8 to move around the transmission rod 5, so as to drive the follower plate 10 through the support rod 9. When one of the follower plates 10 contacts the raw materials, the raw materials in the sealed kettle 3 can be disturbed and stirred, and the follower plate 10 can also have an effect of lifting the raw materials, thereby increasing the heat exchange area between the raw materials and the heating steam. Under the action of this follower plate 10, the raw materials are controlled to fly in the direction away from the contact surface with this follower plate 10. After this follower plate 10 is separated from the raw materials, the next follower plate 10 will contact the raw materials and stir the raw materials again, and control the raw materials to fly in the direction away from the contact surface with this follower plate 10. Through the above steps, rapid heating and drying treatment of the raw materials can be realized.

[0038] Preferably, since the yaw angles of the two follower plates 10 are opposite, under the action of the two follower plates 10, stirring forces in two directions can be provided to the raw materials, which can not only ensure that the raw materials will not accumulate, but also control the raw materials to reciprocally stir along the length direction of the sealed kettle 3, thereby increasing the heat exchange area between the raw materials and the heating steam and ensuring that the raw materials can be comprehensively dried.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figures 8 - 10, the follow-up telescopic mechanism includes a rotating rod 6 slidably installed in the transmission rod 5. A plurality of first chutes 501 are equidistantly distributed on the circumferential outer wall of the transmission rod 5. A fixing block 16 fixedly connected to the first chutes 501 is fixed on the rotating rod 6. A sliding sleeve 17 sleeved on the transmission rod 5 is fixed on the fixing block 16. A driven assembly connected to the support sleeve 8 is arranged on the sliding sleeve 17. Among them, the driven assembly includes a clamping groove 801 opened on the circumferential outer wall of the support sleeve 8. A groove 11 is opened on the support rod 9. A movable sleeve 13 is slidably installed on the support sleeve 8. A sliding ring 12 slidably connected to the groove 11 and the clamping groove 801 is fixed in the movable sleeve 13. A connecting rod 18 hinged to the sliding sleeve 17 is hinged on the movable sleeve 13. A guiding structure connected to the support rod 9 is arranged on the support sleeve 8. The above-mentioned guiding structure includes a spiral groove 14 opened on the circumferential outer wall of the support rod 9. A limiting block 15 slidably fitted with the spiral groove 14 is fixed in the support sleeve 8.

[0040] It should be noted that in the initial state, under the action of the centrifugal control mechanism, the dimension of the mutual nesting of the rotating rod 6 and the transmission rod 5 is the largest, so that the fixing block 16 is located at the end of the stroke on the side of the first chute 501 away from the fixed sleeve 7. Under the action of the fixing block 16, the distance between the sliding sleeve 17 and the fixed sleeve 7 is the largest. The sliding sleeve 17 will control the movable sleeve 13 to be located at the end of the stroke on the side facing the fixed sleeve 7 through the connecting rod 18, so as to control the support rod 9 to be located at the end of the stroke in the support sleeve 8 through the sliding ring 12 and the groove 11. At this time, the limiting block 15 is located at the end of the stroke of the spiral groove 14 on the side facing the follower plate 10, so that the included angle between the follower plate 10 and the transmission rod 5 is the largest. When it is necessary to disturb, stir and dry the raw materials, at this time, the transmission rod 5 rotates, so that the follower plate 10 moves around the transmission rod 5. At the same time, under the action of the fixing block 16 and the first chute 501, the sliding sleeve 17 rotates synchronously.

[0041] Preferably, at the initial stage of drying, the amount of N-methylpyrrolidone solution in the raw material is relatively large. If the amount of disturbance and stirring of the raw material by the follower plate 10 per single time is too large, the heat exchange amount between a single raw material and the heating steam will be small, resulting in a slow drying rate. Moreover, it is difficult for the solution inside the raw material to precipitate. At the same time, since the raw material contains a large amount of solution at this time and its weight is also large, if the amount of disturbance and stirring per single time is too large, there will also be a problem of increased load. Therefore, in the initial state, the swing angle of the follower plate 10 is the largest, and the contact area between the follower plate 10 and the raw material is the smallest, so that the amount of disturbance and stirring of the raw material per single time is also small, thereby enabling rapid drying of some raw materials, causing the N-methylpyrrolidone solution to vaporize and separate from the raw material. During this process, due to the small amount of stirring per single time, the moving range of the raw material will increase, thus also achieving the effect of increasing the heat exchange area.

[0042] Among them, when the drying of the raw material on the surface layer is completed, it is necessary to reduce the distance between the follower plate 10 and the sealing kettle 3. Therefore, the output power of the motor 4 can be increased, thereby increasing the rotation speed of the transmission rod 5, enabling the centrifugal control mechanism to move. Under the action of the centrifugal control mechanism, the rotating rod 6 is controlled to move in a direction away from the transmission rod 5, so as to drive the sliding sleeve 17 to move through the fixing block 16. The sliding sleeve 17 will also drive the movable sleeve 13 to move in a direction away from the fixed sleeve 7 through the connecting rod 18, so as to control the support rod 9 to move in a direction away from the support sleeve 8 through the sliding ring 12 and the groove 11. Under the action of the support rod 9, the distance between the follower plate 10 and the inner wall of the sealing kettle 3 is reduced. The support rod 9 will also drive the spiral groove 14 to move, and under the action of the spiral groove 14 and the limiting block 15, while the support rod 9 moves along the length direction of the support sleeve 8, it rotates by a certain angle to reduce the included angle between the follower plate 10 and the transmission rod 5. At this time, the insertion depth of the follower plate 10 into the raw material increases, and the contact area between the follower plate 10 and the raw material increases, so as to perform disturbance and stirring treatment on the bottom raw material. Through the synchronous adjustment of the distance and deflection angle of the follower plate 10, rapid drying treatment can be carried out on the upper-layer raw material first, and then drying treatment on the deep-layer raw material can be carried out to ensure that the raw material can obtain a comprehensive drying effect.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figures 5 - 7 、 Figure 11, the centrifugal control mechanism includes a support plate 19 fixedly installed on the transmission rod 5. A plurality of third chutes 1901 are provided on the support plate 19 and are circumferentially and equidistantly distributed. A sliding block 20 is slidably installed in the third chute 1901. A support assembly connected to the sliding block 20 is provided on the rotating rod 6. Among them, the support assembly includes a receiving plate 23 fixedly installed at the end of the rotating rod 6. A hollow rod 21 is fixed on the sliding block 20. A movable rod 22 fixedly connected to the receiving plate 23 is slidably installed in the hollow rod 21. An elastic structure connected to the rotating rod 6 is provided on the transmission rod 5. The above-mentioned elastic structure includes a second chute 502 opened on the circumferential outer wall of the transmission rod 5. A fixed ring 24 is fixed at the end of the transmission rod 5. A limiting ring 25 slidably connected to the second chute 502 is fixed on the rotating rod 6. A first spring 26 is sleeved on the transmission rod 5. The two ends of the first spring 26 are respectively abutted against the fixed ring 24 and the limiting ring 25.

[0044] Furthermore, in the initial state, the first spring 26 is in a compressed state, so as to control the maximum depth of the rotating rod 6 inserted into the transmission rod 5 through the limiting ring 25. At this time, the distance between the receiving plate 23 and the support plate 19 is the smallest. Since only relative sliding can occur between the hollow rod 21 and the movable rod 22, the combination of the hollow rod 21, the movable rod 22, the third chute 1901, and the transmission rod 5 forms a triangular arrangement. The distance between the receiving plate 23 and the support plate 19 and the distance between the sliding block 20 and the transmission rod 5 are the right-angled side lengths of the triangular arrangement, and both right-angled side lengths are in the smallest state. Therefore, the size of the mutual nesting of the hollow rod 21 and the movable rod 22 is the largest. When the transmission rod 5 rotates, it drives the support plate 19 to move, thereby driving the sliding block 20 to move. When the transmission rod 5 rotates, the rotating rod 6 rotates synchronously, thereby driving the receiving plate 23 to rotate, so that the hollow rod 21 and the movable rod 22 move synchronously. Since only the upper layer of the raw material needs to be dried at this time, the rotation speed of the transmission rod 5 is slow to ensure that the load on the motor 4 is not high. When the upper layer treatment is completed, the output power of the motor 4 is increased, so that the rotation speed of the transmission rod 5 is increased. Therefore, the centrifugal force received by the sliding block 20 increases, and this centrifugal force is greater than the thrust provided by the first spring 26. The sliding block 20 will move along the length direction of the third chute 1901 and move away from the transmission rod 5. The sliding block 20 will also drive the hollow rod 21 to move. Since one of the right-angled side lengths of the triangular arrangement increases, the movable rod 22 will move away from the hollow rod 21 to push the receiving plate 23 to move away from the support plate 19. The receiving plate 23 will also drive the limiting ring 25 to move through the rotating rod 6 to compress the first spring 26. At the same time, under the action of the rotating rod 6, the follower plate 10 approaches the inner wall of the sealing kettle 3 and deflects by a certain angle, so that the contact area with the raw material increases.

[0045] Preferably, by controlling the rotation speed of the transmission rod 5, the magnitude of the centrifugal force received by the slider 20 can be adjusted to synchronously adjust the position and angle of the follower plate 10, so as to first dry the upper layer of the raw material, ensure the quality reduction after the drying of the upper layer of the raw material is completed, and then dry the deep-layer raw material, which can not only ensure that the raw material can be comprehensively dried, but also prevent the motor 4 from being overloaded at the initial stage of drying.

[0046] Please refer to Figures 1 - 4 As shown, the pressure relief and discharge assembly includes a pressure relief pipe 27 connected to the drying kettle 1. A support ring 2701 is fixed to the inner wall of the pressure relief pipe 27, and a conduit 31 is connected to the outer circumferential wall of the pressure relief pipe 27. It also includes a sealing disk 28 slidably installed in the pressure relief pipe 27 and abutted against the support ring 2701. A push rod 29 penetrating the pressure relief pipe 27 is fixed to the sealing disk 28. A second spring 30 is sleeved on the push rod 29, and both ends of the second spring 30 are abutted against the sealing disk 28 and the inner wall of the pressure relief pipe 27 respectively.

[0047] Furthermore, a drying chamber is formed between the drying kettle 1 and the sealing kettle 3. The discharge pipe 103 is used for discharging the water formed after the steam is condensed, and a valve is installed therein to control the opening and closing of the discharge pipe 103. In the initial state, the discharge pipe 103 is in a closed state, and the second spring 30 is in a compressed state, so that the sealing disk 28 abuts against the support ring 2701 to block the conduit 31. When it is necessary to dry the raw material in the sealing kettle 3, heating steam can be introduced into the drying chamber through the steam delivery pipe 102. Since both the discharge pipe 103 and the conduit 31 are in a blocked state, as the amount of steam increases, the steam will gradually fill the drying chamber to ensure that the raw material at each position in the sealing kettle 3 can be heated and dried. As the heat exchange progresses, the temperature of the steam decreases and gradually condenses into water. At this time, the discharge pipe 103 can be opened to discharge the condensed water.

[0048] Preferably, during the heating process, if the amount of steam delivered at one time is too much, it may cause excessive pressure on the drying kettle 1 and the sealing kettle 3. To prevent damage to the drying kettle 1 and the sealing kettle 3, when the pressure in the drying chamber increases, under the action of air pressure, the sealing disk 28 is pushed to move away from the support ring 2701, and the push rod 29 is driven to move, thereby compressing the second spring 30. When the sealing disk 28 passes over the conduit 31, the steam in the drying chamber can be discharged through the conduit 31. Through the above settings, when there is too much steam in the drying chamber due to misoperation during the steam delivery process, the conduit 31 can be automatically controlled to conduct, so as to relieve the pressure of the drying chamber, thereby protecting the drying kettle 1 and the sealing kettle 3.

[0049] Application of a perturbation decentralized vacuum dryer in the production of N-methylpyrrolidone, using the described perturbation decentralized vacuum dryer.

[0050] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention, the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be encompassed within the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims involved.

[0051] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. Disturbing decentralized vacuum dryer, comprising: A drying kettle (1), and a sealed kettle (3) fixedly installed inside the drying kettle (1). A steam delivery pipe (102) and a discharge pipe (103) are connected to the circumferential outer wall of the drying kettle (1). A vacuum pipe (101) and a feeding pipe (2) that penetrate the sealed kettle (3) are fixed to the circumferential outer wall of the drying kettle (1). It is characterized in that it further includes: a bidirectional perturbation assembly arranged on the drying kettle (1) and connected to the sealed kettle (3), and a follower plate (10) is connected to the bidirectional perturbation assembly; a follower telescopic mechanism arranged on the bidirectional perturbation assembly, and a centrifugal regulation mechanism connected to the follower telescopic mechanism is further arranged on the bidirectional perturbation assembly. The centrifugal regulation mechanism can act when the bidirectional perturbation assembly moves, and while driving the follower plate (10) to move towards or away from the inner wall of the sealed kettle (3) through the follower telescopic mechanism, adjust the yaw angle of the follower plate (10); a pressure relief and discharge assembly arranged on the circumferential outer wall of the drying kettle (1) for performing a pressure relief action on the drying kettle (1).

2. The disturbance decentralized vacuum dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bidirectional perturbation assembly includes a motor (4) fixedly installed on the side wall of the drying kettle (1). A transmission rod (5) that penetrates the sealed kettle (3) and is connected to the output shaft of the motor (4) is rotatably installed inside the drying kettle (1). A plurality of fixed sleeves (7) are fixedly arranged at equal intervals on the transmission rod (5); it further includes support sleeves (8) fixedly installed on the side walls of the fixed sleeves (7) and arranged symmetrically. A support rod (9) is slidably installed inside the support sleeve (8), and the support rod (9) is fixedly connected to the follower plate (10).

3. The disturbing decentralized vacuum dryer according to claim 2, wherein, The follower telescopic mechanism includes a rotating rod (6) slidably installed inside the transmission rod (5). A plurality of first chutes (501) are arranged at equal intervals on the circumferential outer wall of the transmission rod (5). A fixed block (16) that is slidably connected to the first chute (501) is fixed on the rotating rod (6). A sliding sleeve (17) sleeved on the transmission rod (5) is fixed on the fixed block (16), and a driven assembly connected to the support sleeve (8) is arranged on the sliding sleeve (17).

4. The disturbing decentralized vacuum dryer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The driven assembly includes a clamping groove (801) opened on the circumferential outer wall of the support sleeve (8). A groove (11) is opened on the support rod (9). A movable sleeve (13) is slidably installed on the support sleeve (8). A sliding ring (12) that is slidably connected to the groove (11) and the clamping groove (801) is fixed inside the movable sleeve (13). A connecting rod (18) that is hinged to the sliding sleeve (17) is hinged on the movable sleeve (13). A guiding structure connected to the support rod (9) is arranged on the support sleeve (8).

5. The disturbing decentralized vacuum dryer according to claim 4, wherein, The guiding structure includes a spiral groove (14) opened on the circumferential outer wall of the support rod (9). A limiting block (15) that is slidably fitted into the spiral groove (14) is fixed inside the support sleeve (8).

6. The disturbance decentralized vacuum dryer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The centrifugal regulation mechanism includes a support plate (19) fixedly installed on the transmission rod (5). A plurality of third chutes (1901) are arranged on the support plate (19) at equal circumferential intervals. A sliding block (20) is slidably installed in the third chute (1901). A support assembly connected to the sliding block (20) is arranged on the rotating rod (6).

7. The disturbing and decentralized vacuum dryer according to claim 6, wherein, The support assembly includes a receiving plate (23) fixedly installed at the end of the rotating rod (6). A hollow rod (21) is fixed on the sliding block (20). An active rod (22) fixedly connected to the receiving plate (23) is slidably installed in the hollow rod (21). An elastic structure connected to the rotating rod (6) is arranged on the transmission rod (5).

8. The disturbance decentralized vacuum dryer according to claim 7, characterized in that, The elastic structure includes a second chute (502) opened on the circumferential outer wall of the transmission rod (5). A fixed ring (24) is fixed at the end of the transmission rod (5). A limit ring (25) slidably connected to the second chute (502) is fixed on the rotating rod (6). A first spring (26) is sleeved on the transmission rod (5). Two ends of the first spring (26) are respectively abutted against the fixed ring (24) and the limit ring (25).

9. The disturbing decentralized vacuum dryer according to claim 1, wherein, The pressure relief and discharge assembly includes a pressure relief pipe (27) connected to the drying kettle (1). A support ring (2701) is fixed on the inner wall of the pressure relief pipe (27). A conduit (31) is connected to the circumferential outer wall of the pressure relief pipe (27). The pressure relief and discharge assembly further includes a sealing disc (28) slidably installed in the pressure relief pipe (27) and abutted against the support ring (2701). A push rod (29) penetrating the pressure relief pipe (27) is fixed on the sealing disc (28). A second spring (30) is sleeved on the push rod (29). Two ends of the second spring (30) are respectively abutted against the sealing disc (28) and the inner wall of the pressure relief pipe (27).

10. Application of the disturbance-dispersed vacuum dryer according to any one of claims 1-9 in the production of N-methylpyrrolidone.

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