Liquid oxygen phase change expansion rock breaking device and method based on sodium-water reaction

Abstract

The invention provides a liquid oxygen phase change expansion rock breaking device and method based on sodium-water reaction, and relates to the technical field of rock breaking devices. The rock breaking device comprises an energy storage cavity, a trigger assembly and an air leakage assembly, a sodium isolation piece is arranged in the energy storage cavity, and the energy storage cavity is divided into a first cavity used for being filled with liquid oxygen and a second cavity used for being filled with deionized water. The trigger assembly breaks down the sodium isolation piece to trigger the violent reaction of sodium water to release heat, liquid oxygen phase change expansion is promoted to form high-temperature and high-pressure gas, and rock is directionally impacted to achieve crushing. Through a dual-energy coupling rock breaking mechanism of sodium water chemical reaction and liquid oxygen physical phase change, energy generated by gas blasting is greatly improved, the energy utilization rate is increased, and the device has the advantages of being high in controllability, rock breaking efficiency and safety, wide in application range and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rock breaking devices, and in particular to a liquid oxygen phase change expansion rock breaking device and method based on sodium-water reaction. Background Art

[0002] In rock crushing projects, explosive blasting is a traditional way of breaking rocks. Although it is widely used, it has many disadvantages. It relies on chemical explosion reactions. The strong impact and vibration generated at the moment of explosion may not only cause damage to surrounding buildings and pose a serious threat to the safety of personnel and equipment, but also release a large amount of harmful gases and pollute the air, which is not in line with the current green and environmentally friendly construction concept. In addition, the use of explosive blasting is strictly restricted near sensitive areas such as residential areas and ancient buildings, the approval process is cumbersome, and the application scenarios are limited.

[0003] Carbon dioxide fracturing rock breaking technology is to inject liquid carbon dioxide into a steel fracturing tube, and then use the heater in the fracturing tube to provide heat, so that the carbon dioxide changes phase instantly at high temperature, generating high-pressure gas to break the rock. However, its fracturing energy is limited, and it is not effective for breaking rocks with higher hardness; and the storage and transportation of liquid carbon dioxide requires special equipment, which is costly; in a low-temperature environment, the phase change efficiency of carbon dioxide will be reduced, further affecting the rock breaking effect.

[0004] Liquid air rock breaking technology uses the phase change expansion of liquid air to generate pressure to crush rocks, but the rock breaking efficiency of this technology is poor; static electricity is easily generated during the filling process, posing a risk of explosion; and it is more suitable for soft rock breaking projects and open-pit excavation projects.

[0005] Liquid oxygen blasting technology is a technology that uses the large amount of heat and high-pressure gas released by the phase change of liquid oxygen to blast rocks into countless rock blocks; it has the advantages of low noise, low vibration, and environmental protection, and can also more accurately control the crushing effect. For example, patent CN118030062A discloses a gas rock-breaking device based on the combination of liquid oxygen and carbon dioxide, which controls the release of heat by combining liquid oxygen and carbon dioxide, but it relies on the combustion of rolled paper for heating, which may cause the phase change of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen to be asynchronous, and the phase change energy is unstable, affecting the rock-breaking effect. Patent CN119043097A discloses a liquid oxygen blasting system and working method, which is inherently safe, efficient and green and environmentally friendly, but has higher requirements for electric detonation and pipeline insulation. The liquid oxygen delivery pipeline requires multi-layer insulation treatment. Long-term use may cause liquid oxygen vaporization loss due to the decline in insulation performance, reducing energy utilization. The above-mentioned existing liquid oxygen blasting technology still has problems such as insufficient energy utilization, rock-breaking efficiency needs to be improved, and application scenarios need to be expanded.

[0006] Therefore, it is of great significance to provide a liquid oxygen phase change expansion rock breaking device with high rock breaking efficiency, high energy utilization and applicability to complex environments. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The main object of the present invention is to provide a liquid oxygen phase change expansion rock breaking device and method based on the sodium-water reaction. The present invention overcomes the deficiencies of the existing carbon dioxide fracturing pipes and liquefied air rock breaking technologies through the dual-energy coupling rock breaking mechanism of exciting the phase change of liquid oxygen by the sodium-water reaction, reduces the rock breaking cost, and improves the rock breaking efficiency.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A liquid oxygen phase change expansion rock breaking device based on the sodium-water reaction, comprising a energy storage cavity extending into the blast hole, The energy storage cavity is a hollow columnar structure, and a detachable isolation member is arranged inside. The energy storage cavity is divided into a first cavity and a second cavity by the isolation member. The first cavity is used for storing liquid oxygen, and the second cavity is used for storing deionized water; A trigger assembly, arranged inside the first cavity, for triggering the sodium-water reaction and causing the phase change of liquid oxygen to generate high-pressure gas; A pressure relief assembly, arranged on the side wall of the energy storage cavity, for releasing the high-pressure gas to achieve rock breaking; A grounding wire, one end of which is connected to the isolation member and the other end extends to the ground for electrostatic protection.

[0009] Preferably, a first liquid filling pipe and a second liquid filling pipe are arranged at the upper part of the energy storage cavity. One end of the first liquid filling pipe conveys liquid oxygen to the first cavity through a first opening, and the other end is connected to a liquid oxygen storage tank; a first valve and a first one-way valve are arranged on the first liquid filling pipe. The first one-way valve is used to control the one-way flow of liquid oxygen into the first cavity to prevent backflow; the first valve is an emergency cut-off valve, which is used to quickly close in case of abnormal conditions to prevent the continuous inflow of liquid oxygen into the first cavity.

[0010] One end of the second liquid filling pipe injects deionized water into the second cavity through a second opening, and the other end is connected to a deionized water storage tank; a second one-way valve and a pressure interlocking device are arranged on the second liquid filling pipe. The second one-way valve is used to inject deionized water into the second cavity to prevent the reverse flow of water; the pressure interlocking device is used to monitor the pressure of the second cavity. When the pressure of the second cavity exceeds the set threshold, the second one-way valve is automatically closed to stop the liquid supply.

[0011] Preferably, the isolation member is made of pure sodium or sodium-based alloy, with a thickness of 1-3 mm, and is detachably connected to the energy storage cavity through an annular card slot or a threaded structure.

[0012] Preferably, an elastic nitrile rubber sealing ring and a polytetrafluoroethylene insulating layer are sequentially arranged outside the isolation member to ensure the isolation tightness between liquid oxygen and deionized water and prevent leakage.

[0013] Preferably, the distance between the triggering component and the isolation part is 1-1.5 mm, ensuring that the isolation part can be broken down under the set voltage and energy to trigger the sodium-water reaction.

[0014] Preferably, the triggering component includes an electronic match, which is connected to a pulse power supply through a wire. The pulse power supply is provided with a voltage feedback sensor for real-time monitoring of the triggering voltage.

[0015] Preferably, the air release component includes a number of air release holes provided on the side wall of the energy storage cavity. The aperture of the air release holes is 10-15 mm, and a breakable aluminum alloy pressure relief piece is arranged inside for plugging the air release holes; when the pressure in the cavity reaches the preset threshold, the breakable pressure relief piece automatically breaks, and the high-pressure gas impacts the rock to achieve rock fragmentation.

[0016] In a preferred solution, the outer diameter of the energy storage cavity is 10-20 mm smaller than the diameter of the blast hole, and elastic positioning claws are arranged on the outside to facilitate the placement of the energy storage cavity in the blast hole.

[0017] Preferably, a pressure sensor is arranged on the side wall of the energy storage cavity for detecting the change of the gas pressure inside the cavity.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a use method of a liquid oxygen phase change expansion rock-breaking device based on the sodium-water reaction, including the following steps: S1. Drill a hole in the target rock to form a hole passage, place the assembled energy storage cavity into the hole passage, and backfill the hole passage; S2. After the hole passage backfilling is completed, inject liquid oxygen and deionized water into the first cavity and the second cavity respectively; S3. Start the triggering component to trigger the sodium-water reaction to release a large amount of heat, causing the liquid oxygen to undergo a phase change to form high-pressure gas to impact the rock in the hole passage, achieving rock fragmentation.

[0019] For the liquid oxygen phase change expansion rock-breaking device of the present invention, first, a large amount of heat released by the chemical reaction of sodium and water increases the system temperature. Subsequently, the liquid oxygen undergoes a phase change by absorbing heat to form high-temperature and high-pressure gas (the volume expands to more than 800 times). This high-temperature and high-pressure gas impacts the rock, forming a large number of cracks, and as the high-pressure gas enters the cracks, rock fragmentation is achieved. The present invention converts chemical energy into gas expansion energy, realizing efficient and safe rock-breaking operations without using traditional explosives. The whole process has strong controllability, concentrated energy release, and does not generate harmful gases, greatly improving the operation safety.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In the present invention, the acquisition costs of liquid oxygen and sodium are relatively low, and the processes of sodium-water reaction and liquid oxygen phase change are controllable. By adjusting the thickness of the isolation member, the liquid filling parameters, the pressure relief setting, etc., the pressure and energy release during the rock breaking process can be effectively controlled, the vibration and damage to the surrounding environment can be reduced, and no harmful gases are generated during the sodium-water reaction. The present invention simplifies the equipment structure and reduces the equipment manufacturing and maintenance costs; at the same time, the rock breaking method has the advantages of safety, high efficiency and no harm to the environment.

[0021] 2. The double-energy coupling rock breaking mechanism of the present invention that stimulates the phase change of liquid oxygen by sodium-water reaction significantly improves the rock breaking efficiency, and the rock breaking device is not affected by the ambient temperature and can operate stably in alpine regions, and can be widely applied to hard rock breaking projects under various complex geological and climatic conditions.

[0022] 3. The rock breaking device of the present invention uses a detachable isolation member and a replaceable pressure relief piece, which reduces the use cost and enables the equipment to be reused. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings: Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the liquid oxygen phase change expansion rock breaking device based on sodium-water reaction of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the isolation member in the liquid oxygen phase change expansion rock breaking device based on sodium-water reaction of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the liquid oxygen phase change expansion rock breaking device based on sodium-water reaction in Embodiment 2; In the figure: 1 liquid oxygen, 101 first liquid filling pipe, 102 first valve, 103 first one-way valve, 2 deionized water, 201 second liquid filling pipe, 202 second one-way valve, 203 pressure interlock device, 3 isolation member, 301 sealing ring, 302 polytetrafluoroethylene, 4 electronic match, 401 voltage feedback sensor, 402 pulse power supply, 5 air vent hole, 501 pressure relief piece, 502 first aperture, 503 second aperture, 6 pressure sensor, 7 grounding wire. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0024] The liquid oxygen phase change expansion rock breaking device based on sodium-water reaction described in the present invention is applicable to a variety of rock breaking operation scenarios, especially applicable to special working conditions and operation environments with high safety requirements and where the use of traditional explosive blasting is prohibited.

[0025] Embodiment 1: As Figure 1-2As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a liquid oxygen phase change expansion rock-breaking device, which includes a energy storage cavity extending into the blast hole. The energy storage cavity is a hollow columnar structure, and a detachable separator 3 is arranged inside, dividing the energy storage cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity. The first cavity is used to store liquid oxygen 1, and the second cavity is used to store deionized water 2; a triggering component, arranged inside the first cavity, is used to trigger the sodium-water reaction to achieve the phase change of liquid oxygen; a gas release component, arranged on the side wall of the energy storage cavity and extending out of the outer wall of the energy storage cavity, is used to release high-pressure gas; a grounding wire 7, one end of which is connected to the separator 3 and the other end extends to the ground.

[0026] In this embodiment, the main material of the energy storage cavity is a high-pressure resistant material (such as 304 stainless steel), which can withstand the high pressure generated during the sodium-water reaction and the phase change of liquid oxygen; the inner wall is an organic fluorine coating, which ensures that the cavity is not affected by low temperature during the storage of liquid oxygen, maintains the structural stability, and can also withstand the high temperature generated during the sodium-water reaction and the phase change of liquid oxygen; the outer wall is an epoxy zinc-rich primer coating, which has good rust prevention performance. The zinc powder contained in it can play a cathodic protection role in the coating, effectively preventing the steel matrix from rusting and extending the service life of the cavity.

[0027] In a preferred solution, a first liquid filling pipe 101 and a second liquid filling pipe 201 are arranged at the upper part of the energy storage cavity. One end of the first liquid filling pipe 101 transports liquid oxygen 1 to the first cavity through a first opening, and the other end is connected to a liquid oxygen storage tank; a first valve 102 and a first one-way valve 103 are arranged on the first liquid filling pipe 101. The first one-way valve 103 is used to control the one-way flow of liquid oxygen into the first cavity to prevent backflow; the first valve 102 is an emergency cut-off valve, which is used to quickly close in case of an abnormal situation to prevent liquid oxygen from continuing to flow into the first cavity; One end of the second liquid filling pipe 201 transports deionized water 2 to the second cavity through a second opening, and the other end is connected to a deionized water storage tank; a second one-way valve 202 and a pressure interlock device 203 are arranged on the second liquid filling pipe 201. The second one-way valve 202 is used to inject deionized water into the second cavity to prevent the reverse flow of water; the pressure interlock device 203 is used to monitor the pressure of the second cavity. After overpressure, the second one-way valve 202 automatically closes.

[0028] In a preferred solution, the separator 3 is made of pure sodium or sodium-based alloy material, with a thickness of 1-3 mm, and is detachably connected to the energy storage cavity through an annular card slot or a threaded structure, which is convenient for the installation and replacement of the separator 3; an elastic nitrile rubber seal ring 301 and a polytetrafluoroethylene insulating layer 302 are sequentially arranged outside the separator 3 to ensure the isolation and sealing between liquid oxygen and deionized water and prevent leakage from occurring before the reaction is triggered; the separator 3 is connected to the grounding wire 7, and the possible static charge generated inside the device is guided to the ground through the grounding wire 7 to prevent static electricity inside the device.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the distance between the triggering component and the spacer 3 is 1-1.5 mm, ensuring that the spacer 3 can be broken down under the set voltage and energy to trigger the sodium-water reaction.

[0030] The present invention does not limit the triggering component, and methods such as electronic breakdown, electric heating, or mechanical force destruction can be used as long as the sodium-water reaction can be triggered.

[0031] When using an electronic match to break down, the electronic match 4 is connected to the pulse power supply 402 through a wire. The output voltage accuracy of the pulse power supply 402 is controlled within a certain range, and the energy storage capacity is strictly controlled. A voltage feedback sensor 401 is arranged inside the pulse power supply to monitor the triggering voltage in real time, minimizing the probability of mis-triggering.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the air release component includes a plurality of air release holes 5 arranged on the side wall of the energy storage cavity. A breakable aluminum alloy pressure relief piece 501 is arranged in the air release hole to block the air release hole. When the pressure in the cavity reaches the preset threshold, the breakable pressure relief piece automatically breaks, and the high-pressure gas rushes out of the sealing piece to impact the rock, achieving rock fragmentation.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the outer diameter of the energy storage cavity is 10-20 mm smaller than the borehole diameter, and elastic positioning claws are arranged on the outside to facilitate placing the energy storage cavity in the borehole.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, a pressure sensor 6 is further arranged on the side wall of the energy storage cavity to detect the pressure of the gas inside the cavity. When the pressure in the cavity reaches the preset threshold, the pressure relief piece 501 automatically breaks, and the air release hole guides the gas to release pressure to the surrounding area, enabling the high-pressure gas to impact the surrounding rock and achieving rock fragmentation.

[0035] When the rock-breaking device of the present invention is in use, the triggering component is used to break down the sodium-based spacer. Sodium reacts violently with water upon contact, releasing heat, increasing the temperature inside the cavity. Liquid oxygen expands rapidly in volume at high temperatures, undergoes a liquid-gas phase change, and generates high-temperature and high-pressure gas to impact the rock, achieving the rock-breaking effect. The present invention combines the sodium-water reaction and liquid oxygen, and through the dual-energy coupling rock-breaking mechanism of sodium-water chemical reaction and liquid oxygen physical phase change, greatly improves the energy generated by gas blasting and significantly improves the rock-breaking efficiency.

[0036] This embodiment provides a method for using a liquid oxygen phase change expansion rock-breaking device based on the sodium-water reaction, including the following steps: S1. Drill a hole in the target rock to form a hole passage, place the assembled energy storage cavity into the hole passage, and backfill the hole passage; Drill a hole in the target rock. The diameter of the drill hole needs to be 10 - 20 mm larger than the outer diameter of the energy storage cavity. After laying a cushion layer at the bottom of the drill hole, place the assembled energy storage cavity into the hole, and then backfill the hole. The liquid filling pipe and the grounding wire should both extend outside the hole, and the grounding wire is connected from the hole to the ground outside. S2. After the hole backfilling is completed, inject liquid oxygen and deionized water into the first cavity and the second cavity respectively. After backfilling the hole, open the first one-way valve 103 and the second one-way valve 202, and inject liquid oxygen 1 into the first cavity through the first liquid filling pipe 101, keeping the filling amount of liquid oxygen 1 at 80% of the volume of the storage area. When the volume in the cavity reaches the set value, the first one-way valve 103 automatically closes; inject deionized water 2 into the second cavity through the second liquid filling pipe 201, and control the volume ratio of the injected liquid oxygen 1 and deionized water 2 to be 1:2. When the volume in the cavity reaches the set value, the second one-way valve 202 automatically closes. S3. Start the triggering component to trigger the sodium-water reaction to release a large amount of heat, causing the liquid oxygen to undergo a phase change to form high-pressure gas that impacts the rock in the hole, achieving rock fragmentation.

[0037] The distance between the electronic match 4 and the isolation part is 1.25 mm. After starting the triggering component through the control circuit, the high-voltage pulse generated by the electronic match 4 penetrates the sodium isolation part 3 to trigger the sodium-water reaction to release a large amount of heat (368 kJ / mol), heating the liquid oxygen to undergo a phase change to form high-pressure gas, whose volume expands to more than 800 times, breaking open the pressure relief piece 501 and spraying out from ten vent holes 5, impacting the rock in the hole to form a large number of cracks, and realizing rock fragmentation as the high-pressure gas enters the cracks.

[0038] In the above method, by controlling the thickness of the isolation part and the volume of the injected liquid oxygen and deionized water, the sodium-water reaction and the liquid oxygen phase change process are made controllable, effectively controlling the pressure and energy release during the rock fragmentation process and improving the rock fragmentation efficiency.

[0039] Embodiment 2: Further illustrate in combination with Embodiment 1. As Figure 3 shown, in this embodiment, the air release component includes vent holes 5 provided on the side wall of the energy storage cavity. Five vent holes 5 are provided on each side. The aperture of the vent holes 5 is set as follows: the first aperture 502 in the middle of the cavity is 15 mm, and the second aperture 503 around is 10 mm.

[0040] The symmetric arrangement of the above-mentioned vent holes enables the high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the energy storage cavity to be released evenly, forming a balanced pressure field around the rock, improving the uniformity and efficiency of rock fragmentation, reducing large block residues, and also enabling the device to be balanced in force in all directions when releasing gas, ensuring its stability and operational safety; by setting different aperture sizes to optimize energy distribution, first, the large aperture in the middle quickly releases gas to form a strong impact force to break the rock core, and then the small apertures around make the energy evenly distributed around, reducing the fragmentation blind area, and at the same time helping to control the fragmentation range and avoid unnecessary damage to the surroundings.

[0041] This embodiment also provides a method for using a liquid oxygen phase change expansion rock-breaking device based on the sodium-water reaction, including the following steps: S1. Drill a hole in the target rock to form a hole passage, place the assembled energy storage cavity into the hole passage, and backfill the hole passage; When drilling a hole in the target rock, the diameter of the drilled hole needs to be 10 - 20 mm larger than the outer diameter of the energy storage cavity. After laying a cushion layer at the bottom of the drilled hole, place the assembled energy storage cavity into the hole passage and then backfill the hole passage. Among them, the liquid filling pipe and the grounding wire should both extend outside the hole, and the grounding wire is connected from the hole passage to the ground outside; S2. After completing the backfilling of the hole passage, inject liquid oxygen and deionized water into the first cavity and the second cavity respectively; After backfilling the hole passage, open the first one-way valve 103 and the second one-way valve 202, inject liquid oxygen 1 into the first cavity through the first liquid filling pipe 101, and keep the filling amount of liquid oxygen 1 at 80% of the volume of the storage area. When the volume in the cavity reaches the set value, the first one-way valve 103 automatically closes; inject deionized water 2 into the second cavity through the second liquid filling pipe 201, and control the volume ratio of the injected liquid oxygen 1 and deionized water 2 to be 1:2. When the volume in the cavity reaches the set value, the second one-way valve 202 automatically closes; S3. Start the triggering component to trigger the sodium-water reaction to release a large amount of heat, causing the liquid oxygen to undergo a phase change to form high-pressure gas to impact the rock in the hole passage, realizing rock fragmentation; The distance between the electronic match 4 and the isolation part is 1.25 mm. After starting the triggering component through the control circuit, the high-voltage pulse generated by the electronic match 4 penetrates the sodium isolation part 3 to trigger the sodium-water reaction to release a large amount of heat (368 kJ / mol), heating the liquid oxygen to undergo a phase change to form high-pressure gas, whose volume expands to more than 800 times, breaking through the pressure relief piece 501 and spraying out through the vent hole 502 or 503, impacting the rock in the hole passage, forming a large number of cracks, and realizing rock fragmentation as the high-pressure gas enters the cracks.

[0042] After a rock-breaking operation is completed, clean and inspect the device. Use special cleaning tools and cleaning agents to thoroughly clean the remaining reactants and impurities inside the cavity. Use non-destructive testing techniques, such as ultrasonic flaw detectors, to detect the energy storage cavity to ensure that there are no damages such as cracks in the cavity, guarantee the safety and reliability of the device. At the same time, replace the sodium isolation parts and the frangible pressure relief discs to prepare for subsequent reuse.

[0043] In summary, compared with the traditional liquid oxygen phase change rock-breaking device, the present invention stimulates the liquid oxygen phase change through the sodium-water reaction, realizing controllable phase change process; through the triggering component and the air release component, it can effectively control the pressure and energy release during the rock-breaking process, reducing the vibration and damage to the surrounding environment. The hydrogen gas generated by the sodium-water reaction in the present invention quickly diffuses during the rock-breaking process and does not form harmful gas accumulation, ensuring the safety of construction workers.

[0044] The above embodiments are only the preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be regarded as limitations to the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention should be the technical solutions recorded in the claims, including the equivalent replacement solutions of the technical features in the technical solutions recorded in the claims. That is, the equivalent replacement improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A liquid oxygen phase change expansion rock-breaking device based on the sodium-water reaction, characterized in that: It includes an energy storage cavity extending into the blast hole. The energy storage cavity is a hollow columnar structure, with a detachable separator (3) arranged inside. The cavity is divided into a first cavity and a second cavity by the separator (3). The first cavity is used to store liquid oxygen (1), and the second cavity is used to store deionized water (2). A triggering assembly, arranged inside the first cavity, is used to trigger the sodium-water reaction and cause the phase change of liquid oxygen to generate high-pressure gas. A gas release assembly, arranged on the side wall of the energy storage cavity, is used to release the high-pressure gas to achieve rock fragmentation. A grounding wire (7), with one end connected to the separator (3) and the other end extending to the ground, is used for electrostatic protection.

2. The liquid oxygen phase change expansion rock-breaking device based on the sodium-water reaction according to claim 1, wherein: The upper part of the energy storage cavity is provided with a first liquid filling pipe (101) and a second liquid filling pipe (201). The first liquid filling pipe (101) and the second liquid filling pipe (201) are respectively used to convey liquid oxygen (1) and deionized water (2) to the first cavity and the second cavity.

3. The device for liquid oxygen phase change expansion rock breaking based on sodium-water reaction according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A first valve (102) and a first one-way valve (103) are arranged on the first liquid filling pipe (101). The first one-way valve (103) is used to control the unidirectional flow of liquid oxygen into the first cavity. A second one-way valve (202) and a pressure interlock device (203) are arranged on the second liquid filling pipe (201). The second one-way valve (202) is used to inject deionized water (1) into the second cavity, and the pressure interlock device (3) is used to monitor the pressure of the second cavity.

4. The liquid oxygen phase change expansion rock-breaking device based on the sodium-water reaction according to claim 1, wherein: The separator (3) is made of pure sodium or sodium-based alloy material, with a thickness of 1-3 mm, and is detachably connected to the energy storage cavity through an annular card slot or a threaded structure.

5. The liquid oxygen phase change expansion rock-breaking device based on the sodium-water reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the triggering assembly and the separator (3) is 1-1.5 mm.

6. The liquid oxygen phase change expansion rock breaking device based on the sodium-water reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The triggering assembly is connected to a pulse power supply (402) through a wire. The pulse power supply unit (402) is provided with a voltage feedback sensor (401) for real-time monitoring of the triggering voltage.

7. The liquid oxygen phase change expansion rock breaking device based on the sodium-water reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas release assembly includes a gas release hole (5) arranged on the side wall of the energy storage cavity. The aperture of the gas release hole is 10-15 mm.

8. The device for breaking rock by liquid oxygen phase change expansion based on sodium-water reaction according to claim 7, wherein: A breakable aluminum alloy pressure relief piece (501) is arranged inside the gas release hole (5).

9. The liquid oxygen phase change expansion rock-breaking device based on the sodium-water reaction according to claim 1, wherein: A pressure sensor (6) is also arranged on the side wall of the energy storage cavity for detecting the pressure of the gas inside the cavity.

10. The usage method of a liquid oxygen phase change expansion rock-breaking device based on the sodium-water reaction according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. Drill a hole in the target rock to form a hole passage, place the assembled energy storage cavity into the hole passage, and backfill the hole passage. S2. After the hole passage is backfilled, inject liquid oxygen and deionized water into the first cavity and the second cavity respectively. S3. Start the triggering assembly to trigger the sodium-water reaction to release a large amount of heat, cause the phase change of liquid oxygen to form high-pressure gas to impact the rock in the hole passage, and achieve rock fragmentation.

Images