Device for measuring distance in construction machinery

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of distance measuring equipment, in particular to equipment for measuring distance in construction machinery. The device comprises a distance measuring assembly moving along the y axis, an obstacle breaking assembly is movably arranged in front of the distance measuring assembly, the obstacle breaking assembly comprises a fixed module and a pair of movable modules movably connected with the fixed module, the two movable modules are in y axis symmetry, and a plurality of reset assemblies stretching out and drawing back along the x axis are arranged between the two movable modules; a part of energy generated when the obstacle exerts lateral force on the loose-leaf plate is absorbed and stored by the second elastic piece. In addition, due to the arrangement of the wedge-shaped seat, a part of lateral force applied to the loose-leaf plate in the x-axis direction originally is converted into lateral force which is in the y-axis direction, passes through absorption energy storage of the first elastic piece and the second elastic piece and a steering mechanism of the wedge-shaped seat and finally acts on the distance measuring wheel, and compared with the initial state, the lateral force is reduced many times.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of distance measuring devices, and more specifically, to a device for measuring distances in construction machinery. Background Art

[0002] A distance measuring wheel calculates the traveled distance by measuring the number of rotations of the wheel. It mainly consists of a circular wheel and an intelligent sensor. When the wheel rolls, the intelligent sensor records the number of revolutions it makes. By multiplying the number of revolutions by the circumference of the wheel, the measured distance can be obtained. When measuring the distance between two locations at a construction site, there will inevitably be some obstacles on the road surface. When the distance measuring wheel rolls over the surface of an obstacle (taking a curved path to bypass the obstacle also affects the measurement accuracy), the jolting of the wheel body will affect the accuracy of the sensor counting on it.

[0003] Currently, a V-shaped structure is usually provided in front of the distance measuring wheel to deflect the obstacles to both sides of the wheel body during forward movement, so as to ensure that the distance measuring wheel can pass near the obstacle in a straight line and smoothly. However, during the process of the V-shaped structure deflecting the obstacles to both sides of the wheel body, in most cases, the masses of the obstacles on both sides of the V-shaped structure are different, so the resistances generated when the obstacles are deflected are also different. Then, the reaction forces exerted on the V-shaped structure by the obstacles on both sides are different, and thus the V-shaped structure will receive a lateral force perpendicular to the forward direction of the distance measuring wheel. The V-shaped structure then transmits this lateral force to the wheel body through the connecting structure, and the forward path of the distance measuring wheel may deflect, that is, it is not a straight line.

[0004] In view of this, we propose a device for measuring distances in construction machinery to improve the deficiencies in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a device for measuring distances in construction machinery. During the process of the obstacle-breaking component deflecting the obstacles to both sides of the distance measuring component, in most cases, the masses of the obstacles on both sides of the obstacle-breaking component are different, so the resistances generated when the obstacles are deflected are also different. Then, the reaction forces exerted on the obstacle-breaking component by the obstacles on both sides are different, and thus the obstacle-breaking component will receive a force along the x-axis direction. The obstacle-breaking component then transmits this lateral force to the distance measuring component through its connecting structure, that is:

[0006] The obstacle-breaking component transmits the received lateral force to the distance measuring component through its connecting structure, resulting in the forward path of the distance measuring component becoming non-linear.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the device for measuring distance in a construction machine includes a distance measuring component that moves along the y-axis. A barrier-breaking component is movably arranged in front of the distance measuring component. The barrier-breaking component includes a fixed module and a pair of movable modules that are movably connected to the fixed module. The two movable modules are symmetric about the y-axis. A plurality of reset components that expand and contract along the x-axis are arranged between the two movable modules. A pair of stabilizing components are arranged on one side of the fixed module close to the distance measuring component, and the two stabilizing components are respectively attached to the inner sides of the corresponding movable plates;

[0008] During the process of the fixed module pushing aside the obstacles in front of the distance measuring component, the two movable modules approach each other under the resistance of the obstacles;

[0009] When the resistance on both sides of the two movable modules is different, the reset component is used to initially weaken the lateral force acting on the fixed module, and when the obstacle is about to leave the movable module, the reset component can drive the movable module to bounce off the obstacle;

[0010] During the process of the two movable modules approaching each other along the x-axis, the movable module drives the stabilizing component to move along the y-axis, which is used to further weaken the lateral force acting on the fixed module, and the stabilizing component converts the lateral force acting on the fixed module in the x-axis direction into the y-axis direction.

[0011] In the above technical solution, since it is inevitable to encounter obstacles such as soil blocks and stone blocks on the traveling route of the distance measuring component, the fixed module first contacts the obstacle and deflects it to both sides of itself. As the distance measuring component continues to move forward, the obstacles on both sides gradually contact the movable module with a gradually increasing width in the x-axis direction, and the obstacles are further separated by the movable module, so that they are far away from the distance measuring component.

[0012] In the above process, the two movable modules approach each other under the resistance of the obstacles. When the resistance on both sides of the two movable modules is different, the reset component slides in opposite directions to initially weaken the lateral force acting on the fixed module. When the obstacle is about to leave the tail of the movable module, as the contact area between the movable module and the obstacle gradually decreases, the reset component drives the movable module to quickly bounce off the obstacle.

[0013] During the process of the two movable modules approaching each other along the x-axis, the movable module drives the stabilizing component to move along the y-axis, so that the lateral force acting on the fixed module is further weakened, and the stabilizing component converts the lateral force acting on the fixed module in the x-axis direction into the y-axis direction.

[0014] On this basis, a distance sensor for recording the number of turns of the distance measuring wheel is provided on one side of the distance measuring wheel. A handrail is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating bolt away from the distance measuring wheel, and a display screen is provided on the handrail. A control module is integrated inside the display screen, and the display screen is electrically connected to the distance sensor.

[0015] In this scheme, the staff holds the handrail to push the measuring wheel forward. The circumference of the measuring wheel is known. The distance sensor will record the number of circles the measuring wheel rotates. The number of circles multiplied by the circumference of the measuring wheel can be used to obtain the distance the measuring wheel has traveled. The distance sensor transmits the measured data (i.e. the distance the measuring wheel has traveled) to the display screen, and the staff only needs to observe and record the readings on the display screen.

[0016] In another technical solution, a slide groove is provided on the side of the triangular cone close to the distance measuring wheel, the two loose-leaf plates are slidably connected in the slide groove, and a cleaning groove for connecting the slide groove with the outside is provided at the bottom of the slide groove.

[0017] The triangular cone is fixedly connected with an I-shaped seat on one side close to the distance measuring wheel, a sinking fixing rod is fixedly connected with the top of the I-shaped seat, a spherical joint is arranged at one end of the sinking fixing rod away from the I-shaped seat, and the spherical joint is movably connected with the front end of the rotating bolt.

[0018] Regarding this technical solution, the triangular cone is pushed by the staff to push away the obstacle (softer obstacles, such as dry soil blocks, will be directly separated into two pieces, while harder obstacles, such as stones, will be pushed to one side of the triangular cone). As the distance measuring wheel continues to move forward, the vertical distance between the obstacle and the distance measuring wheel is further expanded by the two loose-leaf plates with gradually increasing widths, so that the obstacle is away from the distance measuring wheel. In the process of the loose-leaf plates pushing away the obstacle, the friction resistance between the obstacle and the ground will compress the two loose-leaf plates (i.e., move closer to each other). When the loose-leaf plates follow the distance measuring wheel and are about to leave the obstacle, the contact area between the loose-leaf plates and the obstacle is reduced, so that under the action of the restoring force of the compressed reset component, the loose-leaf plates quickly bounce the obstacle away.

[0019] In addition, the design of the sunken fixing rod makes the center of gravity of the triangular cone and the loose-leaf plate sink and be located below the connection between the sunken fixing rod and the rotating bolt, and the spherical joint is movably connected to the rotating bolt. This makes it possible for the triangular cone and the loose-leaf plate to maintain a vertical upward posture (i.e. parallel to the z-axis) regardless of the elevation angle of the rotating bolt on the top of the measuring wheel, thereby ensuring the ability of the triangular cone and the loose-leaf plate to break through obstacles.

[0020] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the sliding rod is slidably connected to the energy absorbing groove, and an elastic member No. 1 is provided between the sliding rod and the energy absorbing groove for preventing the sliding rod and the energy absorbing groove from moving toward each other.

[0021] In this solution, when the two loose-leaf boards approach each other, they drive the sliding rod and the energy-absorbing groove to slide towards each other, while compressing the first elastic member. The first elastic member absorbs and stores part of the energy generated by the obstacle applying a lateral force on the loose-leaf board (i.e., reducing the lateral force acting on the triangular pyramid). When the loose-leaf board leaves the obstacle, the first elastic member releases the stored energy, and the sliding rod and the sliding groove moving away from each other drive the two loose-leaf boards to move away from each other until they return to their original positions.

[0022] Preferably, the guide rod is fixedly connected between the upper flange and the lower flange of the triangular pyramid, and the guide rod is parallel to the web of the triangular pyramid. The wedge-shaped seat is in contact with the inner side of the corresponding loose-leaf board, and the wedge-shaped seat is slidably connected to the guide rod.

[0023] A sliding sleeve is fixedly connected to the side of the wedge-shaped seat away from the loose-leaf board. The sliding sleeve is slidably connected to the guide rod, and second elastic members for hindering the movement of the wedge-shaped seat are provided on both sides of the sliding sleeve in the y-axis direction.

[0024] In the above solution, when the two loose-leaf boards approach each other, that is, slide along the x-axis direction. Under the limitation of the sliding sleeve sleeved on the guide rod, the loose-leaf board drives the wedge-shaped seat to slide along the y-axis direction, and the second elastic members on both sides of the sliding sleeve undergo elastic deformation. Thus, part of the energy generated by the obstacle applying a lateral force on the loose-leaf board (which has undergone the initial absorption by the first elastic member) is absorbed and stored by the second elastic members. In addition, the setting of the wedge-shaped seat causes part of the lateral force originally applied to the loose-leaf board along the x-axis direction to be converted into the y-axis direction. After the absorption and energy storage of the first elastic member and the second elastic member and the turning of the wedge-shaped seat, the lateral force finally acting on the ranging wheel has become very small compared to the initial state, thereby improving the accuracy of the measurement data obtained by the ranging wheel.

[0025] Based on the above description, it can be seen that compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] When the two loose-leaf boards approach each other, the loose-leaf board drives the wedge-shaped seat to slide along the y-axis direction, and the second elastic members on both sides of the sliding sleeve undergo elastic deformation. Thus, part of the energy generated by the obstacle applying a lateral force on the loose-leaf board is absorbed and stored by the second elastic members. In addition, the setting of the wedge-shaped seat causes part of the lateral force originally applied to the loose-leaf board along the x-axis direction to be converted into the y-axis direction. After the absorption and energy storage of the first elastic member and the second elastic member and the turning mechanism of the wedge-shaped seat, the lateral force finally acting on the ranging wheel has been reduced multiple times compared to the initial state, thereby improving the accuracy of the measurement data obtained by the ranging wheel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and form a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional view of a partial section of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 is an exploded sectional view of the distance measuring component of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional view of the structure of the obstacle-breaking component of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 is a top view of the structure of the obstacle-breaking component of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 is a left sectional view of the obstacle-breaking component of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 is a three-dimensional view of the structure of the reset component of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 is a sectional top view of the reset component of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 is a three-dimensional view of the structure of the fixing component of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 10 is a top view of the structure of the stabilizing component of the present invention.

[0038] The meanings of the various reference numerals in the figures are as follows:

[0039] 100, distance measuring component; 110, distance measuring wheel; 120, rotating bolt; 130, handrail; 140, distance sensor; 150, display screen;

[0040] 200, obstacle-breaking component; 210, triangular pyramid; 211, chute; 212, cleaning groove; 220, hinge plate; 230, I-shaped seat; 240, sunken fixing rod; 241, spherical joint;

[0041] 300, reset component; 310, sliding rod; 320, energy absorption groove; 330, first elastic member;

[0042] 400, stabilizing component; 410, wedge-shaped seat; 420, guide rod; 430, sliding sleeve; 440, second elastic member. Detailed implementation manners

[0043] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0044] During the process that the triangular pyramid 210 deflects the obstacles to both sides of the distance measuring wheel 110, in most cases, the masses of the obstacles on both sides of the triangular pyramid 210 are different, so the resistance generated when the obstacles are deflected is also different. Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , so the reaction forces received by the two hinge plates 220 from the obstacles on both sides are different, and then the triangular pyramid 210 will receive a force in the x-axis direction (i.e., a force perpendicular to the advancing direction of the distance measuring wheel 110). The triangular pyramid 210 then transmits this lateral force to the distance measuring wheel 110 through the sunken fixing rod 240.

[0045] The purpose of this embodiment is to provide a device for measuring distance in a construction machine, including a distance measuring component 100 that moves along the y-axis. A barrier-breaking component 200 is movably arranged in front of the distance measuring component 100. The barrier-breaking component 200 includes a fixed module and a pair of movable modules movably connected to the fixed module. The two movable modules are symmetric about the y-axis. A plurality of reset components 300 that expand and contract along the x-axis are arranged between the two movable modules. A pair of stabilizing components 400 are arranged on the side of the fixed module close to the distance measuring component 100. The two stabilizing components 400 are respectively in contact with the inner sides of the corresponding hinge plates 220;

[0046] During the process that the fixed module deflects the obstacles in front of the distance measuring component 100, the two movable modules approach each other under the action of the obstacle resistance;

[0047] When the resistances on both sides of the two movable modules are different, the reset component 300 is used to initially weaken the lateral force acting on the fixed module, and when the obstacle is about to leave the movable module, the reset component 300 can drive the movable module to bounce off the obstacle;

[0048] During the process that the two movable modules approach each other along the x-axis, the movable module drives the stabilizing component 400 to move along the y-axis, which is used to further weaken the lateral force acting on the fixed module, and the stabilizing component 400 converts the lateral force acting on the fixed module in the x-axis direction into the y-axis direction.

[0049] During implementation, when the staff member moves the distance measuring component 100 between two locations where the distance needs to be measured, due to the complex road conditions at the construction site, it is inevitable that the moving route of the distance measuring component 100 will encounter obstacles such as soil blocks and stones. The fixing module first comes into contact with the obstacles and deflects them to both sides of itself. As the distance measuring component 100 continues to move forward, the obstacles on both sides gradually come into contact with the movable module whose width gradually expands in the x-axis direction, and the obstacles are continuously separated by the movable module, causing them to move away from the distance measuring component 100.

[0050] During the above process, the two movable modules approach each other under the action of the resistance of the obstacles. When the resistance forces on both sides of the two movable modules are different, the reset component 300 slides towards each other to initially weaken the lateral force acting on the fixing module. When the obstacle is about to leave from the tail of the movable module, as the contact area between the movable module and the obstacle gradually decreases, the reset component 300 drives the movable module to quickly bounce off the obstacle.

[0051] During the process in which the two movable modules approach each other along the x-axis, the movable module drives the stabilizing component 400 to move along the y-axis, causing the lateral force acting on the fixing module to be weakened again, and the stabilizing component 400 converts the lateral force acting on the fixing module in the x-axis direction into the y-axis direction.

[0052] As Figure 3 shown, the distance measuring component 100 includes a distance measuring wheel 110. A rotating bolt 120 is rotatably connected to the outer periphery of the top of the distance measuring wheel 110. A distance sensor 140 for recording the number of turns experienced by the distance measuring wheel 110 is provided on one side of the distance measuring wheel 110.

[0053] The improvement lies in that: one end of the rotating bolt 120 away from the distance measuring wheel 110 is fixedly connected with a handrail 130. A display screen 150 is arranged on the handrail 130. A control module is integrated inside the display screen 150. The display screen 150 is electrically connected to the distance sensor 140, and the control module is a PLC.

[0054] It should be noted that the staff holds the handrail 130 and pushes the distance measuring wheel 110 forward, and the distance measuring wheel 110 rolls on the ground. Given the circumference of the distance measuring wheel 110, every time the distance measuring wheel 110 rotates one circle, the distance it advances on the ground is equal to its circumference. The distance sensor 140 records the number of rotations of the distance measuring wheel 110, multiplies the number of rotations by the circumference of the distance measuring wheel 110, and can obtain the distance traveled by the distance measuring wheel 110. This is based on the circumference formula of a circle C = 2πr (where C is the circumference, π is the pi, and r is the radius). The distance sensor 140 transmits the data of the distance traveled by the distance measuring wheel 110 to the display screen 150. This process is usually achieved through the transmission of electronic signals. The distance sensor 140 converts the measured physical quantity (such as the number of rotations) into an electrical signal, and then transmits it to the display screen 150 in a wired or wireless manner. The display screen 150 then converts the electrical signal into a visible form such as a number and presents it to the staff for the staff to observe and record.

[0055] In Figures 4 - 6 it, the fixed module includes a triangular pyramid 210, and the movable module includes a movable plate 220 slidably connected to the side of the triangular pyramid 210 close to the distance measuring wheel 110. In this embodiment, the movable plate 220 and the triangular pyramid 210 are slidably connected along the x-axis direction. In another part of the embodiments, the movable plate 220 can also be hinged to the back edge of the triangular pyramid 210, and then the reset assembly 300 in the above embodiments is correspondingly replaced with a torsion spring arranged at the hinge shaft of the movable plate 220 and the triangular pyramid 210. Since this distance measuring device is applied to the construction site, during measurement, especially when the triangular pyramid 210 cuts the soil block into two pieces, there will inevitably be dust flying around it. By adopting the sliding connection mode along the x-axis direction in this embodiment, when the flying impurities fall into the chute 211, they will directly slide down along the cleaning groove 212 and slide out, thus avoiding the obstruction of the impurities to the sliding and resetting processes of the movable plate 220. If the movable plate 220 and the triangular pyramid 210 are hinged, the impurities may remain at the joint of the hinge shaft between the two, thus affecting the rotation and resetting of the movable plate 220.

[0056] Furthermore, the triangular pyramid 210 is provided with a chute 211 on the side close to the distance measuring wheel 110, and both movable plates 220 are slidably connected in the chute 211, and the bottom of the chute 211 is provided with a cleaning groove 212 for communicating the chute 211 with the outside.

[0057] Still further, the triangular pyramid 210 is fixedly connected with an I-shaped seat 230 on the side close to the distance measuring wheel 110, the top of the I-shaped seat 230 is fixedly connected with a sunken fixing rod 240, and a spherical joint 241 is arranged at the end of the sunken fixing rod 240 away from the I-shaped seat 230, and the spherical joint 241 is movably connected with the front end of the rotating bolt 120.

[0058] That is to say, when the staff member pushes the distance measuring wheel 110 forward, the triangular pyramid 210 is subjected to a thrust force. Using its shape characteristics, it separates the relatively soft obstacles (such as dry soil lumps) into two pieces, and for the relatively hard obstacles (such as stones), it is pushed to one side as a whole, playing a preliminary role in obstacle cleaning. As the distance measuring wheel 110 moves forward, the width of the two hinge plates 220 (i.e., the distance between them) gradually increases, further expanding the vertical distance between the obstacle and the distance measuring wheel 110, so that the obstacle is far away from the distance measuring wheel 110, avoiding the influence of the obstacle on the normal rolling and measurement of the distance measuring wheel 110. During the process of the hinge plates 220 pushing aside the obstacle, the frictional resistance between the obstacle and the ground will cause the two hinge plates 220 to approach each other, and the first elastic member 330 is compressed, storing elastic potential energy. When the hinge plates 220 are about to leave the obstacle following the distance measuring wheel 110, due to the decrease in the contact area and the reduction of the frictional resistance, the compressed first elastic member 330 releases the elastic potential energy, generating a restoring force, causing the hinge plates 220 to quickly bounce open and quickly push away the obstacle, further ensuring that the obstacle will not interfere with the distance measuring wheel 110.

[0059] In addition, the design of the sunken fixing rod 240 lowers the overall center of gravity of the triangular pyramid 210 and the hinge plates 220, and it is located below the connection between the sunken fixing rod 240 and the rotating bolt 120. According to the characteristics of the center of gravity, the lower the center of gravity, the more stable the object, which helps to improve the stability of the entire device during the movement process, reducing shaking or tipping caused by bumps or external forces. The spherical joint 241 is movably connected to the rotating bolt 120. This connection method allows the triangular pyramid 210 and the hinge plates 220 to rotate freely within a certain range. Regardless of how the elevation angle of the rotating bolt 120 on the top of the distance measuring wheel 110 changes, due to the lowered center of gravity and the movable connection of the spherical joint 241, under the action of gravity, the triangular pyramid 210 and the hinge plates 220 can maintain a vertically upward posture (parallel to the z-axis). This can ensure that the triangular pyramid 210 and the hinge plates 220 always face the obstacles in the correct posture and exert their best ability to break through the obstacles.

[0060] See Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the reset assembly 300 includes a sliding rod 310 and an energy absorption groove 320 respectively fixedly connected to the two hinge plates 220. The sliding rod 310 is slidably connected to the energy absorption groove 320. A first elastic member 330 for hindering the relative movement of the sliding rod 310 and the energy absorption groove 320 is provided between the sliding rod 310 and the energy absorption groove 320. The first elastic member 330 preferably uses a spring.

[0061] It should be noted that when an obstacle exerts a lateral force on the leaf plate 220, the leaf plates 220 will be pushed to approach each other. The movement of the leaf plates 220 will drive the sliding rods 310 to slide towards each other in the energy absorption grooves 320. The sliding of the sliding rods 310 will compress the first elastic member 330. According to Hooke's law, when the first elastic member 330 is compressed, it will generate an elastic force, and the magnitude of the elastic force is proportional to the compression amount. The first elastic member 330 absorbs part of the energy exerted by the obstacle on the leaf plate 220 through its own deformation and stores this part of the energy in the form of elastic potential energy. This reduces the lateral force transmitted to the triangular cone 210, playing a role in buffering and protecting the triangular cone 210 and the ranging wheel 110, and avoiding the skewing of the traveling route of the ranging wheel 110 due to excessive lateral force. When the leaf plate 220 leaves the obstacle, the lateral force acting on the leaf plate 220 disappears. At this time, the first elastic member 330 begins to release the previously stored elastic potential energy. According to the law of conservation of energy, the elastic potential energy is converted into the kinetic energy of the sliding rods 310 and the leaf plates 220, thereby quickly bouncing off the obstacles on both sides.

[0062] When obstacles of different masses are pushed aside, the resulting resistance is different. Therefore, the reaction forces exerted on the two leaf plates 220 by the obstacles on both sides are different, and then the triangular cone 210 will receive a force along the x-axis direction. The triangular cone 210 then transmits this lateral force to the ranging wheel 110 through the sunken fixing rod 240. Since this lateral force is perpendicular to the forward direction of the ranging wheel 110 (i.e., along the y-axis direction), the ranging wheel 110 may move along a curve, resulting in a final reading on the display screen 150 being greater than the actual value.

[0063] Based on the above description, combined with Figure 9 and Figure 10 explain the preferred effect of the stabilizing component 400 (i.e., the problem of how to reduce the error between the reading on the display screen 150 and the actual value). The stabilizing component 400 includes a wedge-shaped seat 410 and a guide rod 420. The guide rod 420 is fixedly connected between the upper flange and the lower flange of the triangular cone 210, and the guide rod 420 is parallel to the web of the triangular cone 210. The wedge-shaped seat 410 is in contact with the inner side of the corresponding leaf plate 220, and the wedge-shaped seat 410 is slidably connected to the guide rod 420.

[0064] Moreover, a sliding sleeve 430 is fixedly connected to the side of the wedge-shaped seat 410 away from the leaf plate 220. The sliding sleeve 430 is slidably connected to the guide rod 420. Second elastic members 440 for hindering the movement of the wedge-shaped seat 410 are provided on both sides of the sliding sleeve 430 in the y-axis direction. In this embodiment, the second elastic members 440 also adopt a spring structure, and the spring constant of the springs corresponding to the second elastic members 440 is greater than the spring constant of the springs corresponding to the first elastic members 330.

[0065] That is to say, when the two loose-leaf plates 220 approach each other due to the lateral force exerted by an obstacle, they slide along the x-axis direction. At this time, the sliding sleeve 430 sleeved on the guide rod 420 limits the movement of the loose-leaf plate 220, so that the movement track of the loose-leaf plate 220 is restricted. Under the limitation of the sliding sleeve 430, the sliding of the loose-leaf plate 220 will drive the wedge-shaped seat 410 to slide along the y-axis direction. This is because the inclined surfaces of the loose-leaf plate 220 and the wedge-shaped seat 410 are in mutual contact, so that the movement of the loose-leaf plate 220 in the x-axis direction can be converted into the movement of the wedge-shaped seat 410 in the y-axis direction. As the wedge-shaped seat 410 slides, the second elastic members 440 on both sides of the sliding sleeve 430 will undergo elastic deformation. Since the lateral force exerted by the obstacle on the loose-leaf plate 220 causes the loose-leaf plate 220 to move, and the movement of the loose-leaf plate 220 is transmitted to the second elastic members 440 through the wedge-shaped seat 410, the second elastic members 440 will absorb a part of the energy. This part of the energy is the remaining energy after being initially absorbed by the first elastic member 330. The second elastic members 440 further absorb and store it, playing a role of secondary buffering and energy absorption.

[0066] The loose-leaf plate 220 pushes the wedge-shaped seat 410 to partially convert the force applied to the loose-leaf plate 220 along the x-axis direction into a force along the y-axis direction. The principle is as follows:

[0067] (1) Force decomposition: When a force F along the x-axis direction is applied to the loose-leaf plate 220 in contact with the wedge-shaped seat 410, since the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped seat 410 has a certain angle θ with the x-axis direction. According to the principle of force decomposition, F can be decomposed into two component forces. One is the force F ⊥ , and the other is the force F ∥ . Among them, F ⊥ = Fcosθ, F ∥ = Fsinθ.

[0068] (2) Force transmission and conversion: The force F ⊥ perpendicular to the inclined surface will cause extrusion between the loose-leaf plate 220 and the wedge-shaped seat 410, while the force F ∥ parallel to the inclined surface will push the wedge-shaped seat 410 to move along the inclined surface direction. Since the wedge-shaped seat 410 is in contact with the inner side of the loose-leaf plate 220, the movement of the wedge-shaped seat 410 will drive the loose-leaf plate 220 to generate a certain displacement in the y-axis direction, thereby generating a component force in the y-axis direction, realizing the partial conversion of the force in the x-axis direction into the force in the y-axis direction.

[0069] Through the absorption of the first elastic member 330 and the second elastic member 440 and the rotation of the wedge-shaped seat 410, the influence of the lateral force on the distance measuring wheel 110 is reduced, and further the accuracy of the measurement data obtained by the distance measuring wheel 110 is improved.

[0070] In summary, the working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0071] During the process of the staff pushing the distance measuring wheel 110 to move between two locations where the distance needs to be measured, due to the complex road conditions at the construction site, it is inevitable that there will be obstacles such as soil blocks and stones on the traveling route of the distance measuring wheel 110. The triangular cone 210 first contacts the obstacle and deflects it to both sides of itself. As the distance measuring wheel 110 continues to move forward, the obstacles on both sides gradually contact the movable plates 220 with a gradually increasing width along the x-axis direction, and the obstacles are further separated by the movable plates 220, keeping them away from the distance measuring wheel 110.

[0072] As the distance measuring wheel 110 moves forward, the widths of the two movable plates 220 gradually increase, further expanding the vertical distance between the obstacle and the distance measuring wheel 110, keeping the obstacle away from the distance measuring wheel 110 and preventing the obstacle from affecting the normal rolling and measurement of the distance measuring wheel 110. During the process of the movable plates 220 deflecting the obstacle, the frictional resistance between the obstacle and the ground will cause the two movable plates 220 to approach each other, and the first elastic member 330 is compressed. When the movable plates 220 are about to leave the obstacle following the distance measuring wheel 110, due to the decrease in the contact area and the reduction of the frictional resistance, the compressed first elastic member 330 releases its elastic potential energy, causing the movable plates 220 to quickly bounce open and quickly push the obstacle away, further ensuring that the obstacle will not interfere with the distance measuring wheel 110.

[0073] When the two movable plates 220 approach each other due to the lateral force exerted by the obstacle, they slide along the x-axis direction. At this time, the sliding sleeve 430 sleeved on the guide rod 420 plays a limiting role in the movement of the movable plates 220, restricting the movement trajectory of the movable plates 220. Under the limitation of the sliding sleeve 430, the sliding of the movable plates 220 will drive the wedge-shaped seat 410 to slide along the guide rod 420 (y-axis direction). As the wedge-shaped seat 410 slides, the second elastic members 440 on both sides of the sliding sleeve 430 will undergo elastic deformation. Since the lateral force exerted by the obstacle on the movable plates 220 causes the movable plates 220 to move, and the movement of the movable plates 220 is transmitted to the second elastic members 440 through the wedge-shaped seat 410, the second elastic members 440 will absorb a part of the energy. This part of the energy is the remaining energy after being initially absorbed by the first elastic member 330, and the second elastic members 440 further absorb and store it, playing a role of secondary buffering and energy absorption.

[0074] Through the absorption of the first elastic member 330 and the second elastic member 440 and the steering mechanism of the wedge-shaped seat 410, the influence of the lateral force on the distance measuring wheel 110 is reduced, thereby improving the accuracy of the measurement data obtained by the distance measuring wheel 110.

[0075] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and the descriptions in the specification are only preferred examples of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of the present invention claimed is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for measuring distances in construction machinery, comprising a distance measuring assembly (100) that moves along the y-axis, characterized in that: A barrier-breaking component (200) is movably arranged in front of the distance measuring component (100). The barrier-breaking component (200) includes a fixed module and a pair of movable modules movably connected to the fixed module. The two movable modules are symmetric about the y-axis. A plurality of reset components (300) that expand and contract along the x-axis are arranged between the two movable modules. A pair of stabilizing components (400) are arranged on one side of the fixed module close to the distance measuring component (100), and the two stabilizing components (400) are respectively attached to the inner sides of the corresponding hinge plates (220). During the process of the fixed module pushing aside the obstacles in front of the distance measuring component (100), the two movable modules approach each other under the resistance of the obstacles. When the resistances on both sides of the two movable modules are different, the reset component (300) is used to initially weaken the lateral force acting on the fixed module, and when the obstacle is about to leave the movable module, the reset component (300) can drive the movable module to bounce off the obstacle. During the process of the two movable modules approaching each other along the x-axis, the movable module drives the stabilizing component (400) to move along the y-axis, which is used to further weaken the lateral force acting on the fixed module, and the stabilizing component (400) converts the lateral force acting on the fixed module in the x-axis direction into the y-axis direction.

2. The device for measuring distance in a construction machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance measuring component (100) includes a distance measuring wheel (110). A rotating bolt (120) is rotatably connected to the outer periphery of the top of the distance measuring wheel (110). A distance sensor (140) for recording the number of turns experienced by the distance measuring wheel (110) is arranged on one side of the distance measuring wheel (110).

3. The device for measuring distance in a construction machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the rotating bolt (120) away from the distance measuring wheel (110) is fixedly connected to a handrail (130). A display screen (150) is arranged on the handrail (130). A control module is integrated inside the display screen (150), and the display screen (150) is electrically connected to the distance sensor (140).

4. The device for measuring distance in a construction machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed module includes a triangular pyramid (210), and the movable module includes a hinge plate (220) slidably connected to the side of the triangular pyramid (210) close to the distance measuring wheel (110).

5. The device for measuring distance in a construction machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The triangular pyramid (210) is provided with a sliding groove (211) on the side close to the distance measuring wheel (110). The two hinge plates (220) are both slidably connected in the sliding groove (211), and a cleaning groove (212) for communicating the sliding groove (211) with the outside is opened at the bottom of the sliding groove (211).

6. The device for measuring distance in a construction machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The triangular pyramid (210) is fixedly connected to an I-shaped seat (230) on the side close to the distance measuring wheel (110). A sunken fixed rod (240) is fixedly connected to the top of the I-shaped seat (230). A spherical joint (241) is arranged at one end of the sunken fixed rod (240) away from the I-shaped seat (230), and the spherical joint (241) is movably connected to the front end of the rotating bolt (120).

7. The device for measuring distance in a construction machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reset component (300) includes a sliding rod (310) and an energy absorption groove (320) respectively fixedly connected to two hinge plates (220). The sliding rod (310) is slidably connected to the energy absorption groove (320), and a first elastic member (330) for hindering the opposite movement of the sliding rod (310) and the energy absorption groove (320) is provided between the sliding rod (310) and the energy absorption groove (320).

8. The device for measuring distance in a construction machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The stabilizing component (400) includes a wedge-shaped seat (410) and a guide rod (420). The guide rod (420) is fixedly connected between the upper flange and the lower flange of the triangular pyramid (210), and the guide rod (420) is parallel to the web of the triangular pyramid (210). The wedge-shaped seat (410) is in contact with the inner side of the corresponding hinge plate (220), and the wedge-shaped seat (410) is slidably connected to the guide rod (420).

9. The device for measuring distance in a construction machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: A sliding sleeve (430) is fixedly connected to the side of the wedge-shaped seat (410) away from the hinge plate (220). The sliding sleeve (430) is slidably connected to the guide rod (420), and second elastic members (440) for hindering the movement of the wedge-shaped seat (410) are provided on both sides of the sliding sleeve (430) in the y-axis direction.

10. The device for measuring distance in a construction machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control module is a PLC.

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