Mini LED packaging test method and test equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a Mini LED package test method and test equipment. The method comprises the following steps: performing light irradiation on Mini LED package by using a reverse light path tracking technology to obtain an interference pattern and determine a function sensitive area; injecting a quantum dot fluorescent marker into the functional sensitive area to carry out multispectral dynamic monitoring; performing surface plasma resonance spectrum scanning on the functional sensitive area to obtain surface plasma resonance response data; performing an acoustic stimulation test on the functional sensitive area according to the obtained data to obtain acoustic response data; and performing a compensation test by using the nonlinear optical material layer to obtain performance attenuation prediction data. According to the technical scheme, accurate detection and performance prediction of the miniature optical structure in Mini LED packaging are achieved, and potential early failure symptoms can be effectively recognized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of Mini LED display technology testing, and particularly to a Mini LED packaging testing method and testing equipment. Background Art

[0002] Mini LED is a new display technology between traditional LED and Micro LED. Among them, Mini LED packaging is a process of transforming LED chips with a size between 100 and 200 micrometers into functional components that can be used in display devices. With the development of high-end display technology, Mini LED packaging usually integrates micro-optical structures, such as microlens arrays, micro-reflection structures, or diffraction gratings. These structures can improve the light extraction efficiency and control the light direction, thereby achieving a better high-dynamic range display effect. Due to the increasing requirements for image quality and reliability of Mini LED display devices, the testing of their packaging performance has become particularly important.

[0003] The current Mini LED packaging testing mainly focuses on the measurement of initial optical properties, such as parameters like brightness, color, and uniformity, and evaluates its reliability through accelerated aging tests such as high temperature, high humidity, or high current. However, with the widespread application of micro-optical structures in Mini LED packaging, this traditional testing method faces some limitations. This is because the performance attenuation mechanisms that may occur during the long-term use of micro-optical structures are significantly different from those of traditional packaging, such as optical surface contamination, changes in micro-structure morphology, interfacial peeling, and changes in material optical properties. Traditional accelerated aging tests are difficult to accurately reflect these unique attenuation mechanisms, cannot precisely monitor the local performance changes of micro-optical structures, and cannot effectively identify potential early failure signs. This results in the inability to accurately predict the long-term performance of Mini LED packaging integrated with micro-optical structures in the actual application environment, increasing the reliability risk of high-end display devices. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of the present invention is to solve the technical problem that the existing Mini LED packaging testing method is difficult to accurately predict the long-term performance of Mini LED packaging integrated with micro-optical structures in the actual application environment.

[0005] The first aspect of the present invention provides a Mini LED packaging testing method, and the Mini LED packaging testing method includes: Irradiate the Mini LED packaging with an external light beam to obtain an interference pattern, determine the function-sensitive area according to the comparison result between the interference pattern and the theoretical model, and obtain function sensitivity data; According to the functional sensitivity data, inject a quantum dot fluorescent marker into the functionally sensitive region, monitor the fluorescence emission characteristics of the quantum dot fluorescent marker, and obtain multi-spectral dynamic monitoring data including fluorescence intensity, peak wavelength, and fluorescence lifetime; Perform surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy scanning on the surface of the functionally sensitive region, and obtain surface plasmon resonance response data through the reflection spectrum changes under multiple incident angles and wavelength conditions; According to the functional sensitivity data and the surface plasmon resonance response data, apply acoustic wave stimulation to the functionally sensitive region, record the deformation response signal under the acoustic wave stimulation, and obtain acoustic response data from the time-frequency characteristics of the deformation response signal; According to the acoustic response data, surface plasmon resonance response data, and multi-spectral dynamic monitoring data, apply a nonlinear optical material layer to the functionally sensitive region, record the change in the compensation amplitude of the nonlinear optical material layer relative to the initial state, and obtain performance degradation prediction data.

[0006] Preferably, irradiate the Mini LED package with an external light beam to obtain an interference pattern, determine the functionally sensitive region according to the comparison result between the interference pattern and the theoretical model, and obtain functional sensitivity data, including: According to the multi-layer structure dimensions of the Mini LED package, perform scanned light irradiation on different depth levels of the Mini LED package through wavefront modulation to form a three-dimensional depth interference pattern; Inject a light field with a tunable coherence length between the light-emitting layer and the micro-optical structure of the Mini LED package to construct a local coherent light field and obtain an interface interference pattern at the microscale; Perform spatial deconvolution processing on the three-dimensional depth interference pattern, and perform light field reconstruction in combination with the phase information of the interface interference pattern to obtain an optical function partition map; According to a preset optical theory model, use the reverse photon tracing algorithm to perform optical path analysis on the optical function partition map, determine the functionally sensitive region, and obtain functional sensitivity data.

[0007] Preferably, the method of performing optical path analysis on the optical function partition map according to a preset optical theory model, using the reverse photon tracing algorithm to determine the functionally sensitive region, and obtaining functional sensitivity data includes: Use the optical function partition map to construct a multi-dimensional photon probability density distribution to obtain a photon state space map; Perform coherent phase decomposition on the photon state space map to obtain a photon quantum state evolution sequence; Construct a photon-material interaction matrix in the quantum state space based on the mapping distribution of the photon quantum state evolution sequence in the optical functional partition diagram, and obtain a quantum state correlation diagram; Perform photon path traceability calculation based on the quantum state correlation diagram to obtain a functional sensitivity mapping sequence; Use the functional sensitivity mapping sequence to correct a preset optical theory model, determine the functionally sensitive region, and obtain functional sensitivity data.

[0008] Preferably, according to the functional sensitivity data, inject a quantum dot fluorescent marker into the functionally sensitive region, monitor the fluorescence emission characteristics of the quantum dot fluorescent marker, and obtain multi-spectral dynamic monitoring data including fluorescence intensity, peak wavelength, and fluorescence lifetime, including: According to the optical response intensity distribution in the functional sensitivity data, inject a composite fluorescent layer composed of down-conversion quantum dots and up-conversion quantum dots into the functionally sensitive region to obtain a fluorescence coupling network; According to the distribution structure of the fluorescence coupling network, perform near-infrared light excitation on the down-conversion quantum dots in the composite fluorescent layer, and use the energy feedback effect of the up-conversion quantum dots to obtain a bidirectional energy transfer channel; Use the fluorescence coupling network to adjust the energy flow direction of the bidirectional energy transfer channel, perform stress-temperature decoupling detection on the functionally sensitive region, and obtain a stress-temperature distribution map; According to the stress-temperature distribution map, apply pulsed light excitation with an adjustable duty cycle to the fluorescence coupling network, record the fluorescence intensity, peak wavelength, and fluorescence lifetime of the down-conversion quantum dots and up-conversion quantum dots, and obtain multi-spectral dynamic monitoring data.

[0009] Preferably, the step of using the fluorescence coupling network to adjust the energy flow direction of the bidirectional energy transfer channel, perform stress-temperature decoupling detection on the functionally sensitive region, and obtain a stress-temperature distribution map includes: Construct a quantum dot exciton-phonon coupling channel based on the quantum dot energy level structure in the fluorescence coupling network to obtain a multi-modal energy transfer map; Perform polarization state modulation on the multi-modal energy transfer map to excite the phonon sideband emission of the quantum dots and obtain a phonon sideband spectrum; Use the phonon sideband spectrum to analyze the exciton-phonon coupling strength, construct a temperature-induced energy level displacement curve, and obtain a temperature response calibration spectrum; Compensate the bidirectional energy transfer channel according to the temperature response calibration spectrum to obtain a pure stress-induced fluorescence response spectrum; Perform double deconvolution analysis in the time domain and space on the pure stress-induced fluorescence response spectrum to obtain a stress-temperature distribution map.

[0010] Preferably, the surface of the function-sensitive region is scanned by surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy, and surface plasmon resonance response data is obtained through the reflection spectrum changes under multiple incident angles and wavelength conditions, including: The surface of the function-sensitive region is modified with a nano-precious metal thin film to construct a hybrid excitation mode of local surface plasmon resonance and propagating surface plasmon resonance, and a dual-mode resonance spectrum is obtained; The dual-mode resonance spectrum is scanned at multiple angles, and the dispersion curve of the surface plasmon resonance angle versus wavelength is obtained through angle-resolved measurement; According to the dispersion curve, a surface plasmon standing wave field is constructed on the surface of the function-sensitive region, and a surface electromagnetic field distribution map is obtained; The polarization state of the incident light is modulated by using the surface electromagnetic field distribution map, and the function-sensitive region is scanned alternately with p-polarization and s-polarization to obtain a polarization-resolved resonance spectrum; According to the polarization-resolved resonance spectrum, a dynamic modulation sequence of surface plasmon polarization states is constructed to obtain surface plasmon resonance response data.

[0011] Preferably, the function-sensitive region is stimulated by sound waves according to the function sensitivity data and the surface plasmon resonance response data, the deformation response signal under the sound wave stimulation is recorded, and the acoustic response data is obtained from the time-frequency characteristics of the deformation response signal, including: According to the function sensitivity data and the surface plasmon resonance response data, a hybrid sound field distribution of a sound wave standing wave field and a traveling wave field is constructed in the function-sensitive region, and a sound field superposition spectrum is obtained; The sound field superposition spectrum is subjected to non-linear acoustic modulation to generate a sound wave second harmonic excitation sequence, and a non-linear acoustic response map is obtained; According to the harmonic distribution in the non-linear acoustic response map, an elasto-acoustic stress modulation is applied to the function-sensitive region to obtain an elasto-acoustic deformation spectrum; Using the stress-strain hysteresis characteristic in the elasto-acoustic deformation spectrum, an acoustic loss distribution map is constructed to obtain acoustic response data.

[0012] Preferably, the elasto-acoustic stress modulation is applied to the function-sensitive region according to the harmonic distribution in the non-linear acoustic response map to obtain an elasto-acoustic deformation spectrum, including: The non-linear acoustic response map is subjected to spectral decomposition to construct a mapping relationship of high-order harmonics of sound waves, and a harmonic correlation map is obtained; The elasto-acoustic resonance frequency is determined according to the harmonic correlation map, and an elasto-acoustic vibration mode map is constructed to obtain a mode distribution spectrum; Perform photoelastic energy focusing using the mode distribution spectrum, apply a photoelastic stress field to the functional sensitive area, and obtain a stress field distribution map; Modulate the phase and amplitude of the acoustic wave according to the stress field distribution map, construct a photoelastic wavefront, and obtain a photoelastic wavefront modulation sequence; Use the photoelastic wavefront modulation sequence to excite local photoelastic resonance and obtain a photoelastic deformation spectrum.

[0013] Preferably, according to the acoustic response data, surface plasmon resonance response data, and multi-spectral dynamic monitoring data, apply a nonlinear optical material layer to the functional sensitive area, record the compensation amplitude change of the nonlinear optical material layer relative to the initial state, and obtain performance decay prediction data, including: According to the stress-temperature distribution map in the multi-spectral dynamic monitoring data, apply a stress-responsive nonlinear optical material layer to the functional sensitive area to obtain a stress-optical response map; Use the photoelastic deformation spectrum in the acoustic response data to modulate the strain field of the nonlinear optical material layer and obtain a nonlinear refractive index distribution map; According to the surface plasmon resonance response data, construct a surface plasmon-nonlinear optical coupling field and obtain an interface modulation response spectrum; Use the stress-optical response map, nonlinear refractive index distribution map, and interface modulation response spectrum to record the compensation amplitude change of the nonlinear optical material layer for optical performance, interface bonding strength, and structural integrity, and obtain performance decay prediction data.

[0014] The second aspect of the present invention provides a Mini LED packaging test device, and the Mini LED packaging test device includes: A functional sensitive area identification module for irradiating the Mini LED package with an external light beam to obtain an interference pattern, determining the functional sensitive area according to the comparison result between the interference pattern and the theoretical model, and obtaining functional sensitivity data; A quantum dot monitoring module for injecting a quantum dot fluorescent marker into the functional sensitive area according to the functional sensitivity data, monitoring the fluorescence emission characteristics of the quantum dot fluorescent marker, and obtaining multi-spectral dynamic monitoring data including fluorescence intensity, peak wavelength, and fluorescence lifetime; A surface analysis module for performing surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy scanning on the surface of the functional sensitive area and obtaining surface plasmon resonance response data through the reflection spectrum changes under multiple incident angles and wavelength conditions; An acoustic testing module, configured to perform acoustic wave stimulation on the function-sensitive region according to the function sensitivity data and the surface plasmon resonance response data, record the deformation response signal under the acoustic wave stimulation, and obtain acoustic response data from the time-frequency characteristics of the deformation response signal; A performance prediction module, configured to apply a nonlinear optical material layer to the function-sensitive region according to the acoustic response data, the surface plasmon resonance response data, and the multi-spectral dynamic monitoring data, record the change in the compensation amplitude of the nonlinear optical material layer relative to the initial state, and obtain performance degradation prediction data.

[0015] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application obtains an interference pattern through external light beam irradiation, and can accurately identify the function-sensitive region by combining with the comparison of the theoretical model. This method of reverse optical path tracing breaks through the limitations of traditional forward testing and can capture the region in the micro-optical structure that has the most significant impact on the overall performance.

[0016] After determining the function-sensitive region, a quantum dot fluorescent marker is injected into it for monitoring. Due to its nano-scale characteristics, the quantum dot will not interfere with the normal operation of the micro-optical structure and can also respond sensitively to local environmental changes. By monitoring multi-spectral parameters such as the fluorescence intensity, peak wavelength, and fluorescence lifetime of the quantum dot, the working state information of the function-sensitive region can be obtained in real time.

[0017] Perform surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy scanning on the surface of the function-sensitive region, and obtain surface information by using the reflection spectrum changes under multiple incident angles and wavelength conditions. The surface plasmon resonance phenomenon is extremely sensitive to the surface state and can detect surface changes at the nanoscale, which provides an important basis for the performance degradation evaluation at the microscale.

[0018] Based on the obtained surface information, acoustic wave stimulation is applied to the function-sensitive region. During the propagation of the acoustic wave, it will interact with the material interface. By analyzing the time-frequency characteristics of the deformation response signal, the interface bonding state and potential failure hazards can be revealed. This method of active excitation can detect weak defects that are difficult to identify by traditional testing at an early stage.

[0019] Finally, based on the foregoing monitoring data, a nonlinear optical material layer is applied to the function-sensitive region. The nonlinear optical material can adaptively adjust its optical performance according to environmental changes. By recording the change in its compensation amplitude, the degree of performance degradation of different types can be quantitatively evaluated. This compensation testing method can not only reflect the current state but also predict the future degradation trend. Description of the Drawings

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the Mini LED packaging test method in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the Mini LED packaging test equipment in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] The realization of the purpose of the present invention, its functional features and advantages will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the drawings. Detailed implementation manners

[0023] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] It should be noted that if there are directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) involved in the embodiments of the present invention, such directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement conditions between components in a specific posture. If this specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0025] In addition, the descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In addition, "and / or" throughout the text includes three scenarios. Taking A and / or B as an example, it includes the technical solution of A, the technical solution of B, and the technical solution that both A and B are satisfied at the same time. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, and it must be based on the fact that those of ordinary skill in the art can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0026] An embodiment of the present application provides a Mini LED packaging test method. Figure 1A flowchart of a Mini LED package testing method provided by an embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, the method includes: Please refer to Figure 1 , irradiate the Mini LED package with an external light beam to obtain an interference pattern, determine the function-sensitive area according to the comparison result between the interference pattern and the theoretical model, and obtain function sensitivity data; In an embodiment of the present invention, the irradiating the Mini LED package with an external light beam to obtain an interference pattern, determining the function-sensitive area according to the comparison result between the interference pattern and the theoretical model, and obtaining function sensitivity data includes: According to the multi-layer structure size of the Mini LED package, perform scanned light irradiation on different depth levels of the Mini LED package through wavefront modulation to form a three-dimensional depth interference pattern; Inject a light field with a tunable coherence length between the light-emitting layer and the micro-optical structure of the Mini LED package to construct a local coherent light field and obtain an interface interference pattern at the microscale; Perform spatial deconvolution processing on the three-dimensional depth interference pattern, and perform light field reconstruction in combination with the phase information of the interface interference pattern to obtain an optical function partition map; According to a preset optical theory model, perform optical path analysis on the optical function partition map by using a reverse photon tracing algorithm to determine the function-sensitive area and obtain function sensitivity data.

[0027] The following specifically describes the steps involved in the above embodiment: The implementation process of performing scanned light irradiation on different depth levels of the Mini LED package through wavefront modulation according to the multi-layer structure size of the Mini LED package to form a three-dimensional depth interference pattern is as follows: Use a spatial light modulator to generate a structured light beam to irradiate the sample. A spatial light modulator is a device that can precisely control the phase and amplitude distribution of light, and the wavefront shape can be controlled by adjusting its pixel voltage. The light beam is focused by an objective lens system and scanned on different depth planes of the sample. During scanning, the scattered light field information is recorded by phase-shifting digital holography technology, that is, holograms are collected at four different phases, and then the light field on this plane is reconstructed through digital processing. The objective lens moves in the vertical direction with a step size of 2 - 5 microns through a stepper motor to complete the scanning of the entire three-dimensional space, and finally a three-dimensional interference pattern containing the scattering characteristics of each layer structure is formed. The step size of 2 - 5 microns is selected to balance the resolution and the amount of data, ensuring that the scattering characteristics of adjacent optical layers in a typical Mini LED package can be distinguished, while avoiding collecting too much redundant data.

[0028] Inject a light field with a tunable coherence length between the light-emitting layer and the micro-optical structure in the Mini LED package to construct a local coherent light field and obtain an interfacial interference pattern at the microscale. The implementation process is as follows: Use an ultra-short pulse laser to generate light pulses with a pulse width of 50 - 100 femtoseconds. The coherence length refers to the maximum optical path difference that the light source can produce interference, which is inversely proportional to the pulse width. The shorter the pulse width, the shorter the coherence length. Adjust the pulse width through a fiber optic delay line to make the coherence length precisely match the distance between the light-emitting layer and the micro-optical structure (usually from a few micrometers to dozens of micrometers). The fiber optic microprobe injects the tuned light pulses into the interfacial region through a prism coupling system to form a local coherent light field. This local light field has the ability to interfere only within a limited spatial range, thus being able to selectively highlight the interfacial characteristics. The confocal microscopy system captures these interference patterns with a resolution better than 200 nanometers. The pulse width range of 50 - 100 femtoseconds is selected because it can provide a coherence length of about 15 - 30 micrometers, which is suitable for the thickness of the interface layer in the Mini LED package, ensuring that the interference phenomenon is confined to the interfacial region while covering the minute changes in the interface structure.

[0029] The implementation process of performing spatial deconvolution on the three-dimensional depth interference map and reconstructing the light field in combination with the phase information of the interfacial interference pattern to obtain an optical functional partition map is as follows: First, apply an iterative deconvolution algorithm to the three-dimensional interference map to remove the influence of the point spread function of the optical system. The point spread function describes the imaging response of the optical system to a point light source and is obtained through the measurement of a standard sample. The deconvolution process gradually restores the image details blurred by the system through an iterative method. Then, extract the wavefront phase information through a mathematical decomposition method. The interfacial interference pattern undergoes wavelet transform for noise filtering and feature extraction. Wavelet transform can analyze the signal features at different scales and is suitable for processing optical images with multi-scale structures. The phase connection algorithm fuses these two parts of information to reconstruct the complete light field distribution. Calculate the light energy flow distribution based on the reconstructed light field, and divide the functional regions according to the energy density and flow direction to form an optical functional partition map. By using iterative deconvolution instead of direct deconvolution, the problem of noise amplification can be avoided, improving the reconstruction accuracy, especially suitable for processing interference images with a low signal-to-noise ratio.

[0030] According to the preset optical theory model, use the reverse photon tracing algorithm to analyze the optical path of the optical functional partition map, determine the function-sensitive regions, and obtain the function sensitivity data. The implementation process is as follows: Use the Monte Carlo method to trace a large number (usually 10 6 -10 7The optical path. The Monte Carlo method is a numerical calculation technique based on random sampling. Statistical laws are obtained by simulating the behavior of a large number of particles. When light encounters the interface of different media, the reflection and transmission probabilities are calculated according to the principles of physical optics. In specific implementation, a random number between 0 and 1 is generated and compared with the calculated reflection coefficient to determine the next path of the light. Record the interaction of each ray with each functional area, and construct a data matrix representing the interaction between photons and materials. Extract the main photon propagation paths through data dimensionality reduction techniques, and compare with the theoretical model to calculate the deviation. Quantify its sensitivity according to the degree of influence of the deviation in each area on the overall performance. The higher the value, the greater the influence of the area on the overall optical performance. Selecting 10 6 -10 7 rays of the order of magnitude is to control the amount of calculation while ensuring statistical accuracy, to ensure that the influence of small changes in the material on light propagation can be reflected, and at the same time to complete the calculation within a reasonable time.

[0031] In an embodiment of the present invention, according to the preset optical theory model, using the reverse photon tracing algorithm to perform optical path analysis on the optical functional partition diagram, determining the function sensitive area, and obtaining function sensitivity data, including: Constructing a multi-dimensional photon probability density distribution using the optical functional partition diagram to obtain a photon state space diagram; Performing coherent phase decomposition on the photon state space diagram to obtain a photon quantum state evolution sequence; According to the mapping distribution of the photon quantum state evolution sequence in the optical functional partition diagram, constructing a photon-material interaction matrix in the quantum state space to obtain a quantum state correlation diagram; Performing photon path traceability calculation according to the quantum state correlation diagram to obtain a function sensitivity mapping sequence; Using the function sensitivity mapping sequence to correct the preset optical theory model, determining the function sensitive area, and obtaining function sensitivity data.

[0032] The following specifically describes the steps involved in the above embodiment: The process of constructing a multi-dimensional photon probability density distribution using the optical functional partition diagram to obtain a photon state space diagram is as follows: First, import the optical functional partition diagram into a dedicated photon propagation simulation software, and set physical parameters including material refractive index, absorption coefficient, and scattering characteristics. For the microlens array in Mini LED packaging, the refractive index is usually set to 1.4 - 1.6, and the absorption coefficient is 10 -4 cm -1 -10 -5 cm -1。Then, taking each spatial point as the photon generation position, calculate the propagation probability of photons in all directions. Specifically, when implementing, the three-dimensional space is meshed into cubic units of 10-20 nanometers, and each unit records the probability value of photon appearance. For a typical micro-optical structure region with a size of 100×100×10 micrometers, this means that it is necessary to calculate the probability distribution of approximately 5×10 9 spatial points. Utilize GPU hardware acceleration technology to achieve large-scale parallel computing, and the typical computing time is 2-3 hours. The finally obtained multi-dimensional photon probability density distribution not only contains the spatial distribution of photons, but also includes information in dimensions such as direction, polarization state, and energy, forming a complete photon state space map. This step breaks through the limitations of traditional geometric optics and introduces the concept of quantum optics to handle micro-scale optical systems, and can accurately describe the behavioral characteristics of photons in micro-optical structures with sizes close to the wavelength scale, especially wave optical effects such as interference and diffraction.

[0033] The implementation process of obtaining the photon quantum state evolution sequence by performing coherent phase decomposition on the photon state space map is as follows: Use the Born approximation method to perform phase decomposition on the photon state space map. The specific approach is to represent the photon wave function as two parts, amplitude and phase, and then extract the phase information through Hilbert transform. In actual operation, apply the fast Fourier transform to the photon state space map data to obtain the frequency domain representation, apply the phase extraction algorithm to separate the phase information, and then return to the spatial domain through the inverse Fourier transform. Process different frequency components separately to ensure capturing the phase changes at different spatial scales. Coherent phase decomposition decomposes the overall light field into a series of modes with definite phase relationships, and each mode represents a specific quantum state. Calculate the propagation process of these quantum states in the micro-optical structure through the time evolution algorithm to form a complete quantum state evolution sequence. Taking a microlens array as an example, coherent phase decomposition can accurately reflect the phase changes during the focusing process of photons by the lens and reveal interference effects that are difficult to discover by conventional light intensity analysis. Using the Born approximation instead of strict quantum field theory processing not only ensures the calculation accuracy but also greatly reduces the computational complexity, enabling the calculation to be completed on an ordinary workstation, and the calculation time is controlled within 30 minutes.

[0034] According to the mapping distribution of the photon quantum state evolution sequence in the optical functional partition diagram, the realization process of constructing the photon-material interaction matrix in the quantum state space and obtaining the quantum state correlation diagram is as follows: The photon quantum state evolution sequence is spatially registered with the optical functional partition diagram to determine the spatial correspondence between each quantum state and the material region. Then, the interaction strengths between photons and the materials in each functional region are calculated, including three basic interaction modes: absorption, scattering, and transmission. For the micro-reflection structure in Mini LED packaging, special attention is paid to the variation relationship of the reflection efficiency with the incident angle. An N×M-dimensional interaction matrix is constructed, where N represents the number of quantum states and M represents the number of functional regions, and the matrix element values represent the interaction strengths. The singular value decomposition technique is applied to reduce the dimension of the high-dimensional matrix and extract the main interaction modes. After dimension reduction, the principal components that account for more than 95% of the total variance are retained, usually 10-20% of the original dimension. Based on the matrix after dimension reduction, a quantum state correlation diagram is constructed to intuitively display the interaction relationship between photon quantum states and material functional regions. In actual Mini LED packaging, this step can identify the strong interaction regions between photons and the micro-structures at the interfaces, such as the edges of the reflection structures or the curvature change points of the lenses, providing a quantum-scale basis for the determination of the functional sensitive regions.

[0035] The realization process of obtaining the functional sensitivity mapping sequence by performing photon path tracing calculations based on the quantum state correlation diagram is as follows: Based on the quantum state correlation diagram, a photon path tracing algorithm is designed to trace the possible paths of photons from the output end to the input end. The core of the algorithm is to calculate the contribution weights of each functional region to the state of the output photons. Specifically, when implementing, the output optical field is used as the initial condition, and the time-reversal technique is applied to reverse the propagation path of the photons. Time reversal means taking the negative value of the time variable in the optical field propagation equation, making the optical field "flow backward" mathematically. For each functional region, a small perturbation (changing the refractive index by 0.001 - 0.01 or changing the shape by 1 - 10 nanometers) is introduced and the change amplitude of the output optical field is calculated. The size of the perturbation is selected to ensure an effective perturbation within the linear response range. Based on the perturbation response, the sensitivity coefficients are calculated to form the functional sensitivity mapping sequence. For typical micro-optical structures, calculating the sensitivity values at 100 - 200 characteristic points is sufficient to accurately describe the sensitivity distribution of the entire structure. This path tracing calculation method determines the key regions from the overall performance, avoiding the low efficiency of the traditional method that requires point-by-point analysis. The calculation speed is increased by about 10 times, and at the same time, the complex problem of sensitive region identification in the case of multi-optical path coupling is solved.

[0036] The implementation process of using the functional sensitivity mapping sequence to correct a preset optical theory model, determine the functionally sensitive region, and obtain functional sensitivity data is as follows: Compare the functional sensitivity mapping sequence with the preset optical theory model to identify the parameters and assumptions in the theory model that need to be corrected. The preset model is usually based on ideal geometric and material parameters, such as perfect spherical microlenses or uniform material refractive index distributions. For the characteristics of the actual optical structure, make targeted corrections to the theory model, such as introducing factors like curvature errors, interface roughness, or refractive index gradients. The correction process uses an iterative optimization method to adjust the model parameters by minimizing the difference between the theoretical prediction and the measured data. The iterative optimization sets the convergence threshold to 0.1% to ensure model accuracy while avoiding overfitting. Based on the corrected model and the functional sensitivity mapping sequence, comprehensively determine the functionally sensitive region, that is, the region that has the greatest impact on the overall optical performance. Normalize the sensitivity values and set a sensitivity threshold (usually 20% of the maximum value), and the region above the threshold is defined as the functionally sensitive region. Integrate the information of the functionally sensitive region and the quantitative sensitivity data into a functional sensitivity dataset, which includes information such as the position, shape, area, and sensitivity value of each sensitive region. This sensitivity analysis method based on quantum optical principles breaks through the limitations of traditional geometric optical analysis and can accurately identify key functional regions at the nanoscale, providing precise guidance for the directional testing of micro-optical structures.

[0037] Please continue to refer to Figure 1 , according to the functional sensitivity data, inject a quantum dot fluorescent marker into the functionally sensitive region, monitor the fluorescence emission characteristics of the quantum dot fluorescent marker, and obtain multi-spectral dynamic monitoring data including fluorescence intensity, peak wavelength, and fluorescence lifetime; In an embodiment of the present invention, the step of injecting a quantum dot fluorescent marker into the functionally sensitive region according to the functional sensitivity data, monitoring the fluorescence emission characteristics of the quantum dot fluorescent marker, and obtaining multi-spectral dynamic monitoring data including fluorescence intensity, peak wavelength, and fluorescence lifetime includes: According to the optical response intensity distribution in the functional sensitivity data, inject a composite fluorescent layer composed of down-conversion quantum dots and up-conversion quantum dots into the functionally sensitive region to obtain a fluorescence coupling network; According to the distribution structure of the fluorescence coupling network, perform near-infrared light excitation on the down-conversion quantum dots in the composite fluorescent layer, and utilize the energy feedback effect of the up-conversion quantum dots to obtain a two-way energy transfer channel; Use the fluorescence coupling network to adjust the energy flow direction of the two-way energy transfer channel, perform stress-temperature decoupling detection on the functionally sensitive region, and obtain a stress-temperature distribution map; According to the stress-temperature distribution map, pulsed light excitation with an adjustable duty cycle is applied to the fluorescence coupling network, and the fluorescence intensity, peak wavelength, and fluorescence lifetime of the down-conversion quantum dots and up-conversion quantum dots are recorded to obtain multi-spectral dynamic monitoring data.

[0038] The following specifically describes the steps involved in the above embodiments: According to the optical response intensity distribution in the functional sensitivity data, a composite fluorescence layer composed of down-conversion quantum dots and up-conversion quantum dots is injected into the functionally sensitive region. The process of obtaining the fluorescence coupling network is as follows: First, based on the functional sensitivity data, the functionally sensitive region that has the greatest impact on the optical performance of the Mini LED package and its optical response intensity distribution are determined. A precision nano-inkjet printing device is used to precisely deposit the quantum dot solution in these regions. The diameter of the print head is 30 - 50 microns, and the movement accuracy is 1 micron to ensure precise alignment with the functionally sensitive region. The down-conversion quantum dots adopt a CdSe / ZnS core-shell structure with a particle size of 3 - 5 nanometers and have the characteristic of converting high-energy photons into low-energy photons; the up-conversion quantum dots are made of NaYF4:Yb,Er material with a particle size of 4 - 6 nanometers and have the characteristic of converting multiple low-energy photons into one high-energy photon. Printing is carried out according to a preset density gradient distribution. The density in the high-sensitivity region is 10 12 -10 13 per cm 2 , and the density in the low-sensitivity region is 10 10 -10 11 per cm 2 . The two types of quantum dots are deposited alternately to form a composite fluorescence layer, and the total thickness is controlled within 20 - 50 nanometers to avoid interfering with the functions of the original optical structure. Through heat treatment (120 °C, 10 minutes), the quantum dots are cured and firmly bonded to the substrate. This density gradient design makes the fluorescence signal intensity proportional to the regional sensitivity. At the same time, the two types of quantum dots arranged alternately form a fluorescence coupling network to achieve near-field energy transfer. Compared with the uniform distribution of single quantum dot labels, this design greatly improves the signal sensitivity and spatial resolution and maintains stable fluorescence characteristics under various environmental conditions.

[0039] According to the distribution structure of the fluorescence coupling network, near-infrared light excitation is performed on the down-conversion quantum dots in the composite fluorescence layer, and the energy feedback effect of the up-conversion quantum dots is utilized. The process of obtaining the bidirectional energy transfer channel is as follows: A 980 nm near-infrared laser is used to selectively excite the down-conversion quantum dots, and the laser power density is 0.1 - 1 W / cm 2, it is precisely irradiated onto the fluorescence coupling network region through an optical fiber transmission system. After absorbing near-infrared photons, the down-conversion quantum dots generate electron-hole pairs and emit visible light fluorescence (mainly in the wavelength range of 520 - 620 nm). This visible light fluorescence is absorbed by the nearby up-conversion quantum dots, and the up-conversion quantum dots emit short-wavelength fluorescence in the range of 350 - 480 nm through an energy up-conversion mechanism (i.e., absorbing two or more low-energy photons to generate a high-energy photon). A part of the short-wavelength fluorescence is absorbed by the down-conversion quantum dots again, forming a cyclic energy transfer. By adjusting the power density of the near-infrared laser, the efficiency of this bidirectional energy transfer can be controlled. The energy transfer efficiency is the highest in the range of 0.2 - 0.5 W / cm 2 , reaching 30 - 40%. A confocal fluorescence microscopy system is used to simultaneously monitor the fluorescence signals in both wavelength ranges to construct a complete bidirectional energy transfer channel. This bidirectional energy transfer mechanism significantly improves the signal detection sensitivity. At the same time, since the near-infrared excitation light has the least interference with the Mini LED packaging materials, it avoids potential damage to the samples during the measurement process and is suitable for long-term continuous monitoring.

[0040] The process of using the fluorescence coupling network to regulate the energy flow of the bidirectional energy transfer channel and perform stress-temperature decoupling detection on the function-sensitive area to obtain the stress-temperature distribution map is as follows: A controllable temperature gradient (20 - 80 °C) and stress field (0 - 50 MPa) are applied to the function-sensitive area of the Mini LED package, and at the same time, the changes in the fluorescence characteristics of the quantum dots are monitored. Utilizing the characteristics that the down-conversion quantum dots are sensitive to temperature changes (the peak wavelength temperature coefficient is about 0.1 nm / °C) and the up-conversion quantum dots are sensitive to stress changes (the fluorescence lifetime stress coefficient is about 0.5 ns / MPa), the separate measurement of the effects of temperature and stress is realized. In specific operations, first, the temperature is changed under a fixed stress, and the changes in the fluorescence characteristics of the two types of quantum dots are recorded to establish a temperature response function; then, the stress is changed under a fixed temperature, and the changes in the fluorescence characteristics are recorded to establish a stress response function. By processing these two sets of response functions through bivariate matrix operations, the effects of the pure temperature effect and the pure stress effect on the fluorescence characteristics are calculated. The matrix solution uses the singular value decomposition method, and the decoupling accuracy reaches more than 95%, which can effectively distinguish the fluorescence changes caused by temperature and stress respectively. According to the decoupled data, the temperature distribution map and stress distribution map of the function-sensitive area are constructed and combined to form a stress-temperature distribution map. This decoupling detection technology solves the problem that it is difficult for traditional fluorescence thermometry methods to distinguish the mixed effects of temperature and stress, and provides a reliable means for accurately evaluating the thermal stress state in Mini LED packaging.

[0041] According to the stress-temperature distribution map, pulsed light excitation with an adjustable duty cycle is applied to the fluorescence coupling network, and the fluorescence intensity, peak wavelength, and fluorescence lifetime of the down-conversion quantum dots and up-conversion quantum dots are recorded. The implementation process of obtaining multi-spectral dynamic monitoring data is as follows: A programmable pulsed laser system is used to generate pulsed laser with a wavelength of 980 nm, a pulse width of 1 - 100 microseconds, and a repetition frequency of 0.1 - 10 kHz. The duty cycle of the pulse is precisely controlled within the range of 10 - 90% through an acousto-optic modulator. The duty cycle refers to the ratio of the on-time of the laser pulse in one cycle to the total cycle time. According to the high-stress regions and high-temperature regions identified in the stress-temperature distribution map, pulsed excitations with different duty cycles are selectively applied to different function-sensitive regions. A low duty cycle (10 - 30%) is used in the high-stress regions to improve the response sensitivity of the up-conversion quantum dots, and a high duty cycle (70 - 90%) is used in the high-temperature regions to enhance the signal intensity of the down-conversion quantum dots. A time-correlated single-photon counting system is used to record the fluorescence lifetime (with an accuracy better than 100 picoseconds), a spectrometer is used to record the fluorescence peak wavelength (with an accuracy better than 0.1 nm), and a photomultiplier tube is used to record the fluorescence intensity (with a dynamic range of 10 6 ). These data are collected and processed in real time through a computer control system to construct a multi-spectral dynamic monitoring dataset including time, space, and spectral dimensions. Pulsed light excitation can effectively reduce the photo-bleaching effect and thermal effect compared with continuous light excitation, and extend the service life of quantum dots. At the same time, by adjusting the duty cycle, the signal-to-noise ratio can be optimized, and the best measurement accuracy can be obtained under different working conditions, realizing the real-time monitoring of the long-term performance changes of the micro-optical structure in the Mini LED package.

[0042] In an embodiment of the present invention, the method of using the fluorescence coupling network to adjust the energy flow direction of the bidirectional energy transfer channel and perform stress-temperature decoupling detection on the function-sensitive region to obtain a stress-temperature distribution map includes: According to the quantum dot energy level structure in the fluorescence coupling network, a quantum dot exciton-phonon coupling channel is constructed to obtain a multi-modal energy transfer map; The polarization state of the multi-modal energy transfer map is modulated to excite the phonon sideband emission of the quantum dots to obtain a phonon sideband spectrum; The exciton-phonon coupling strength is analyzed using the phonon sideband spectrum, and a temperature-induced energy level shift curve is constructed to obtain a temperature response calibration spectrum; The bidirectional energy transfer channel is compensated according to the temperature response calibration spectrum to obtain a pure stress-induced fluorescence response spectrum; Time-domain and spatial double deconvolution analysis is performed on the pure stress-induced fluorescence response spectrum to obtain a stress-temperature distribution map.

[0043] The following specifically describes the steps involved in the above embodiment: According to the energy level structure of quantum dots in the fluorescence coupling network, the realization process of constructing the exciton-phonon coupling channel of quantum dots and obtaining the multimodal energy transfer spectrum is as follows: First, use an ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrometer and a fluorescence spectrometer to measure the energy level structure of quantum dots in the fluorescence coupling network, including the energy level positions of the excited state and the ground state and the transition probability. An exciton refers to an electron-hole pair formed in a quantum dot, and a phonon is a quantum of lattice vibration. Identify the zero-phonon line and phonon sideband of the quantum dots through low-temperature fluorescence spectroscopy (in the temperature range of 4 - 77K). The zero-phonon line is a spectral feature generated by pure electronic transitions, and the phonon sideband originates from the process where electronic transitions are accompanied by phonon participation. In the micro-optical structure of Mini LED packaging, apply an acoustic excitation with an energy of 10 - 40 meV to the CdSe / ZnS down-conversion quantum dots (using a piezoelectric ceramic as the sound source), and observe the enhancement effect of the phonon sideband in its fluorescence spectrum. By scanning acoustic excitations at different frequencies (1 - 100 MHz), record the changes in the fluorescence spectrum, plot the three-dimensional frequency-wavelength-intensity relationship diagram, and form a holographic description of the exciton-phonon coupling channel. At the same time, conduct similar measurements on the NaYF4:Yb,Er up-conversion quantum dots, obtain the coupling characteristics of the two types of quantum dots, and combine them to form a multimodal energy transfer spectrum. This method breaks through the limitation of neglecting phonon participation in traditional quantum dot characterization, reveals the possibility of phonon-regulated quantum dot luminescence in micro-optical structures, and is particularly suitable for analyzing the fluorescence characteristics of quantum dots closely integrated in solid-state structures.

[0044] The realization process of modulating the polarization state of the multimodal energy transfer spectrum to excite the phonon sideband emission of quantum dots and obtain the phonon sideband spectrum is as follows: Use a polarization modulator to generate linearly polarized light, and the polarization direction can be precisely controlled within the range of 0 - 360 degrees (the angular accuracy is better than 0.1 degree). Select an ultraviolet laser with a wavelength of 405 nm as the light source, and generate excitation light with different polarization states through a polarization control system. Change the polarization angle at intervals of 15 degrees in sequence to excite the quantum dots in the fluorescence coupling network, and record the complete fluorescence spectrum at each polarization angle. Pay special attention to the phonon sideband region (20 - 60 meV red-shifted from the main zero-phonon line), and analyze the variation law of its intensity with the polarization angle. The phonon sideband refers to the secondary peaks generated in the fluorescence spectrum of quantum dots due to the emission or absorption of phonons during the electronic transition process, and these peaks usually appear on both sides of the zero-phonon line (pure electronic transition peak). Analyze the relationship between the polarization angle and the phonon sideband intensity through two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy technology, construct a polarization state-phonon coupling intensity diagram, and extract the pure phonon sideband spectrum from it. Repeat this measurement process in different function-sensitive regions of the Mini LED micro-optical structure to obtain a spatially resolved phonon sideband spectrogram. This technique utilizes the optical anisotropy of quantum dots and the polarization selectivity of phonon-exciton coupling, enhances the phonon sideband signal through polarization state modulation, and enables the clear observation of fine spectral features that usually require low temperature to resolve even at room temperature.

[0045] The implementation process of analyzing the exciton - phonon coupling strength using phonon sideband spectroscopy, constructing the temperature - induced energy level shift curve, and obtaining the temperature response calibration spectrum is as follows: Place the Mini LED packaged sample on a precision temperature - controlled stage with a temperature control range of 20 - 100 °C and an accuracy of ±0.1 °C. Record the phonon sideband spectra of the quantum dots at each temperature point with a step of 5 °C. In the phonon sideband spectrum, the energy interval between the main peak and the side peak directly reflects the coupling strength between the quantum dot and the lattice vibration mode. By measuring the energy difference between the main zero - phonon line and the first - order phonon sideband (usually 20 - 30 meV corresponds to optical phonons, and 5 - 15 meV corresponds to acoustic phonons), the exciton - phonon coupling strength data at different temperatures are obtained. Use the extracted radial basis function method to process these data to obtain the continuous functional relationship between temperature and coupling strength. According to the empirical formula of the quantum dot energy gap varying with temperature and combined with the measured coupling strength data, calculate the displacement of the quantum dot energy level at different temperatures. Plot the relationship curve between the energy level shift and temperature as the temperature response calibration spectrum. This method utilizes the characteristic that the phonon sideband is highly sensitive to temperature. Compared with the traditional fluorescence spectroscopy temperature measurement method (mainly relying on the change of the peak wavelength), it improves the sensitivity and accuracy of temperature measurement, and the temperature resolution reaches 0.2 °C in the range of 25 - 85 °C, which is particularly suitable for the precise measurement of the micro - area temperature in Mini LED packaging.

[0046] The implementation process of compensating the bidirectional energy transfer channel according to the temperature response calibration spectrum to obtain the pure stress - induced fluorescence response spectrum is as follows: In actual measurement, the fluorescence characteristics of the bidirectional energy transfer channel are affected by both temperature and stress. Use the temperature response calibration spectrum obtained in the previous step to compensate for the temperature effect of the measurement data. Specifically, first obtain the original fluorescence spectrum data of the Mini LED package in the working state. Then estimate the current temperature value according to specific features in the spectrum (such as the position of the zero - phonon line or the intensity of a specific phonon sideband). Use the temperature response calibration spectrum to calculate the spectral characteristic parameters that should be at this temperature, such as the peak wavelength, full - width at half - maximum, relative intensity of the phonon sideband, etc. Extract the difference between the measured spectrum data and the temperature calibration value. This part of the difference represents the spectral changes caused by non - temperature factors (mainly stress). Reconstruct the pure stress - induced fluorescence response spectrum from these difference data through digital filtering and feature extraction algorithms. Different compensation algorithms are designed for down - conversion and up - conversion quantum dots respectively during the compensation process because the sensitivities of the two types of quantum dots to temperature and stress are different. This temperature compensation technology solves the problem of temperature interference in traditional fluorescence stress measurement and can accurately evaluate the stress state even in the actual working environment of MiniLED packaging (where the temperature fluctuation can reach ±20 °C), providing reliable data support for interface failure prediction.

[0047] The implementation process of obtaining the stress-temperature distribution map by performing dual deconvolution analysis in the time domain and space on the pure stress-induced fluorescence response spectrum is as follows: The time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy technique is used to record the fluorescence decay curves of quantum dots at different positions. The fluorescence decay curves reflect the excited-state lifetime information and are extremely sensitive to stress. A time-correlated single-photon counting system with a time resolution better than 100 picoseconds is used to collect the fluorescence lifetime data. The fluorescence lifetime data at different positions in space are combined with the previously obtained pure stress-induced fluorescence response spectrum to construct an initial stress distribution map. Due to the limited spatial resolution caused by the point spread function of the optical system, spatial deconvolution processing is required. The Richardson-Lucy iterative algorithm is used to deconvolve the spatial data to improve the spatial resolution to the sub-micron level. At the same time, the fluorescence decay curve is usually a superposition of multi-exponential processes, and time-domain deconvolution is needed. The maximum entropy method is used to decompose the fluorescence lifetime distribution to extract the pure stress effect from the multi-component decay. Combining the results of dual deconvolution in space and time domain, a high-resolution stress distribution map is reconstructed. This stress distribution map is superimposed on the temperature distribution map corresponding to the previously obtained temperature response calibration spectrum to form a complete stress-temperature distribution map. The dual deconvolution technique significantly improves the spatial resolution and stress sensitivity, enabling the identification of local stress concentration regions (as small as 500 nanometers) in the Mini LED micro-optical structure, providing a microscopic basis for accurately predicting interface peeling and structural failure.

[0048] Please continue to refer to Figure 1 , perform surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy scanning on the surface of the function-sensitive region, and obtain surface plasmon resonance response data through the reflection spectrum changes under multiple incident angles and wavelength conditions; In an embodiment of the present invention, the performing surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy scanning on the surface of the function-sensitive region and obtaining surface plasmon resonance response data through the reflection spectrum changes under multiple incident angles and wavelength conditions includes: Modify the surface of the function-sensitive region with a nano-precious metal thin film to construct a hybrid excitation mode of local surface plasmon resonance and propagating surface plasmon resonance, and obtain a dual-mode resonance spectrum; Perform multi-angle scanning on the dual-mode resonance spectrum, and obtain the dispersion curve of the surface plasmon resonance angle versus wavelength through angle-resolved measurement; According to the dispersion curve, construct a surface plasmon standing wave field on the surface of the function-sensitive region to obtain a surface electromagnetic field distribution map; Use the surface electromagnetic field distribution map to modulate the polarization state of the incident light, and perform alternating scanning of p polarization and s polarization on the function-sensitive region to obtain a polarization-resolved resonance spectrum; Construct a dynamic modulation sequence of surface plasmon polarization states based on the polarization-resolved resonance spectrum to obtain surface plasmon resonance response data.

[0049] The following specifically describes the steps involved in the above embodiments: Modify the surface of the function-sensitive region with a noble metal thin film to construct a hybrid excitation mode of local surface plasmon resonance and propagating surface plasmon resonance. The implementation process of obtaining a dual-mode resonance spectrum is as follows: First, use a magnetron sputtering system to deposit a nanoscale noble metal thin film on the function-sensitive region of the Mini LED package. Gold (Au) and silver (Ag) are selected as the deposition materials because these two metals have excellent plasmon resonance characteristics in the visible and near-infrared regions. During the deposition process, precise thickness control is achieved by controlling the sputtering power (30 - 50 W) and deposition time (30 - 60 seconds): deposit a 5 - 8 nm thick gold film in the central region and a 20 - 30 nm thick silver film in the edge region to form a thickness gradient distribution. Local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) refers to the collective oscillation of free electrons in metal nanostructures (such as nanoparticles formed in discontinuous regions of the thin film), while propagating surface plasmon resonance (PSPR) refers to the electromagnetic wave propagating at the metal-dielectric interface. The 5 - 8 nm thick film mainly supports the LSPR mode, while the 20 - 30 nm thick region supports the PSPR mode. Use a white light reflectance spectrometer to record the reflectance spectra of different regions, obtain the curve of reflectance versus wavelength, and form a dual-mode resonance spectrum. This thickness gradient design creatively combines two surface plasmon resonance modes on the same sample, enabling a single measurement system to simultaneously obtain LSPR and PSPR information, improving surface sensitivity and expanding the detection wavelength range, and is suitable for comprehensive analysis of surface characteristics at different scales in MiniLED packaging.

[0050] The realization process of obtaining the dispersion curve of the surface plasmon resonance angle as a function of wavelength by performing multi-angle scanning on the dual-mode resonance spectrum and through angle-resolved measurement is as follows: An angle-resolved spectroscopy system consisting of a rotatable sample stage and a high-precision photodetector is used to perform multi-angle spectral scanning on the functionally sensitive region. The incident light source is a white light source with continuously adjustable wavelength, and the wavelength range is 400 - 900 nm. The angle of the sample stage can be precisely adjusted within the range of 30 - 80 degrees in steps of 0.1 degrees, covering all angle ranges where surface plasmon resonance may occur. At each incident angle, the reflection spectrum over the entire wavelength range is recorded, with particular attention paid to the position where the reflectivity drops sharply, i.e., where resonance absorption occurs. The surface plasmon resonance angle refers to the specific angle at which the reflectivity drops sharply when the incident light matches the surface plasmon fluctuations. For curved structures such as microlens arrays, a focused beam is used to achieve local area angle scanning, and the spot size is controlled within 10 - 20 microns to ensure that the curvature change within the measurement area is negligible. Through three-dimensional data processing software, the resonance angle corresponding to each wavelength is extracted from the multi-angle spectral data, and the dispersion curve of the surface plasmon resonance angle as a function of wavelength is plotted. The dispersion curve describes the frequency-momentum relationship of the surface plasmon wave and directly reflects the dielectric properties of the material surface. This angle-resolved measurement technique greatly enhances surface sensitivity and can detect tiny changes in the refractive index of the material surface as small as 0.001, providing a highly sensitive detection means for monitoring the surface state of micro-optical structures in Mini LED packaging.

[0051] According to the dispersion curve, the implementation process of constructing a surface plasmon standing wave field on the surface of the functional sensitive region and obtaining the surface electromagnetic field distribution map is as follows: Based on the measured dispersion curve, calculate the wave vector and propagation length of the surface plasmon wave at different wavelengths. Select a wavelength that matches the size of the functional sensitive region so that the surface plasmon wave forms a standing wave field in this region. The surface plasmon standing wave field refers to the stable electromagnetic field distribution formed by the encounter of two surface plasmon waves propagating in opposite directions, with fixed node and antinode positions. The implementation method is to use a grating coupler to simultaneously excite surface plasmon waves on both sides of the sample surface. The grating period is precisely designed to be an integer multiple of the surface plasmon wave wavelength, usually a period of 400 - 600 nm, and the etching depth is 20 - 30 nm. Use a near-field scanning optical microscope (NSOM) to directly image the surface electromagnetic field distribution. The NSOM probe has a diameter of 50 - 100 nm, a scanning area of 50×50 microns, and a resolution better than 150 nm. Record the light intensity signal at each scanning point to construct a complete surface electromagnetic field distribution map. This standing wave field imaging technology breaks through the diffraction limit of traditional optical microscopes, realizes sub-wavelength resolution surface characterization, and can clearly display the fine features and defects on the surface of micro-optical structures, such as nano-scale scratches, contaminants, or material degradation regions, which are difficult to observe in conventional optical detection. The surface plasmon standing wave field is extremely sensitive to changes in the surface state, and even a single monolayer surface change can cause an obvious change in the field distribution.

[0052] The implementation process of obtaining a polarization-resolved resonance spectrum by modulating the polarization state of incident light using a surface electromagnetic field distribution map and performing alternating scans of p-polarization and s-polarization on the functionally sensitive region is as follows: Based on the surface electromagnetic field distribution map, a polarization state modulation sequence is designed to enable a specific interaction between the polarization direction of the incident light and the distribution direction of the surface electromagnetic field. P-polarized light (electric field vector parallel to the incident plane) can effectively excite surface plasmon resonance, while s-polarized light (electric field vector perpendicular to the incident plane) is mainly used as a reference signal. An electro-optic modulator is used to achieve rapid alternating switching between p-polarization and s-polarization, and the modulation frequency is set to 1 kHz to realize real-time comparison of the response differences between the two polarization states. Under the condition of keeping the incident angle constant, the wavelength of the incident light is scanned (step size 2 nm), and the reflection spectra of p-polarized and s-polarized light are recorded respectively. At the same time, the incident angle is changed (step size 0.5 degrees) to obtain a complete three-dimensional polarization-resolved data set. By calculating the ratio of the p-polarized reflectance to the s-polarized reflectance, the influence of systematic errors is eliminated and the signal-to-noise ratio is improved. Characteristic parameters such as the resonance peak position, full width at half maximum, and peak depth are extracted from these data to construct a polarization-resolved resonance spectrum. The polarization-resolved technique significantly improves the signal stability and repeatability while maintaining high surface sensitivity, and is suitable for long-term monitoring of slow change processes on the surface of micro-optical structures in Mini LED packaging, such as oxidation, hydrolysis, or fatigue cracking, which usually occur on a time scale of several hours to several months.

[0053] Based on the polarization-resolved resonance spectrum, the implementation process of constructing a dynamic modulation sequence of surface plasmon polarization states and obtaining surface plasmon resonance response data is as follows: Based on the most sensitive working points (specific angle and wavelength combinations) identified in the polarization-resolved resonance spectrum, a dynamic modulation sequence of surface plasmon polarization states is designed. The polarization state refers to the characteristics of the electric field vibration direction and intensity distribution of the surface plasmon wave. By precisely controlling the polarization angle (deflected by ±5 degrees based on p-polarization) and phase (continuously adjustable from 0 to 2π) of the incident light, the dynamic modulation of the surface plasmon polarization state is achieved. Specifically, a liquid crystal phase retarder is used to generate 20 different polarization states, and a complete reflection spectrum is recorded for each state. For the microlens array structure in the Mini LED package, the response differences in the curvature change region are focused on. By processing these multi-dimensional data through principal component analysis (PCA), the main change patterns are extracted, and the data redundancy is reduced. The processed data is converted into a time series format to record the dynamic changes of the surface plasmon resonance characteristics over time. In practical applications, temperature cycling (25 - 85 °C) and humidity cycling (30 - 90% RH) stresses are applied to the Mini LED package, and the changes in the surface plasmon resonance response are monitored in real time to capture the subtle changes in the surface state. This dynamic modulation technology significantly improves the signal-to-noise ratio and sensitivity of surface plasmon resonance measurement, can detect weak signal changes that are difficult to discover, is applicable to the identification of early failure signs and the real-time monitoring of the surface deterioration process, and provides a powerful tool for the reliability assessment of the Mini LED package.

[0054] Please continue to refer to Figure 1 , perform acoustic wave stimulation on the function-sensitive region according to the function sensitivity data and the surface plasmon resonance response data, record the deformation response signal under the acoustic wave stimulation, and obtain acoustic response data from the time-frequency characteristics of the deformation response signal; In an embodiment of the present invention, the performing acoustic wave stimulation on the function-sensitive region according to the function sensitivity data and the surface plasmon resonance response data, recording the deformation response signal under the acoustic wave stimulation, and obtaining acoustic response data from the time-frequency characteristics of the deformation response signal includes: According to the function sensitivity data and the surface plasmon resonance response data, construct a mixed sound field distribution of acoustic standing waves and traveling waves in the function-sensitive region to obtain a sound field superposition spectrum; Perform non-linear acoustic modulation on the sound field superposition spectrum to generate an acoustic second harmonic excitation sequence and obtain a non-linear acoustic response map; According to the harmonic distribution in the non-linear acoustic response map, apply elasto-acoustic stress modulation to the function-sensitive region to obtain an elasto-acoustic deformation spectrum; By using the stress-strain hysteresis characteristics in the acoustoelastic deformation spectrum, an acoustic loss distribution map is constructed to obtain acoustic response data.

[0055] The following specifically describes the steps involved in the above embodiments: Based on the functional sensitivity data and surface plasmon resonance response data, a mixed sound field distribution of standing waves and traveling waves is constructed in the functionally sensitive region. The implementation process of obtaining the sound field superposition spectrum is as follows: First, a piezoelectric transducer array is installed at the bottom of the Mini LED package. The PZT-5 type piezoelectric ceramic material is selected, which has a high electromechanical coupling coefficient (kt>0.6). The transducers are arranged in a 3×3 or 5×5 array, with each unit size of 1mm×1mm and controlled by an independent drive circuit. According to the position of the key region determined by the functional sensitivity data, the excitation phase and amplitude of each transducer are precisely adjusted to form a focused sound field. A standing wave field of sound waves refers to a stable waveform formed by the encounter of two sound waves propagating in opposite directions, with fixed nodes and antinodes; while a traveling wave field is a sound wave propagating in one direction. By controlling the phase relationship of different transducers (in-phase excitation generates a standing wave field, and a phase difference of 90° generates a traveling wave field), a mixed distribution of standing wave field and traveling wave field is formed in the sample. The sound wave frequency range is set to 1-50MHz, covering the full spectrum from macroscopic structure resonance to microscopic interface response. The laser interferometric vibration measurement system is used to record the vibration response of each point on the sample surface in real time, and a sound field distribution map is constructed. The sound field distribution data at different frequencies are combined into a three-dimensional frequency-space-amplitude relationship diagram to form a sound field superposition spectrum. This mixed sound field technology can simultaneously excite multiple vibration modes compared with a single sound field, providing more comprehensive material and structural response information, and is particularly suitable for detecting the interface bonding state in the Mini LED micro-optical structure.

[0056] The implementation process of nonlinearly acoustically modulating the sound field superposition spectrum to generate a sound wave second harmonic excitation sequence and obtain a nonlinear acoustic response map is as follows: Using the sensitive frequency points identified in the sound field superposition spectrum, a nonlinear acoustic modulation scheme is designed. Nonlinear acoustic modulation means simultaneously applying two acoustic wave excitations with different frequencies (f1 and f2), and observing new frequency components such as sum frequency (f1 + f2), difference frequency (f1 - f2), and harmonics (2f1, 2f2) generated by the material nonlinear effect. In actual operation, f1 is selected as the low-frequency fundamental wave (1-5MHz), and f2 is selected as the high-frequency fundamental wave (20-40MHz). An accurate dual-frequency signal is generated by a function generator, amplified, and then used to drive the piezoelectric transducer array. The spectral characteristics of the vibration on the sample surface are measured using an ultra-wideband laser interferometric vibrometer, and the sampling rate is set to 200MHz to ensure that harmonic components up to 100MHz can be accurately captured. The measured data is subjected to a fast Fourier transform, and the amplitudes of the fundamental wave and each order harmonic component are extracted from the spectrum. Scanning different power levels (from 0.1W / cm 2 to 5W / cm2 )'s excitation signal, record the variation relationship between the harmonic intensity and the power, and generate an acoustic wave second harmonic excitation sequence. Organize the measurement results into a three-dimensional dataset of space-frequency-amplitude, and construct a non-linear acoustic response map. This non-linear acoustic method can effectively detect microcracks and interface deterioration that cannot be found by traditional linear acoustic tests. The non-linear acoustic response has an exponential relationship with the degree of microscopic damage in the material, so it has extremely high sensitivity to early failure signs.

[0057] According to the harmonic distribution in the non-linear acoustic response map, the implementation process of applying acoustoelastic stress modulation to the function-sensitive area to obtain the acoustoelastic deformation spectrum is as follows: Based on the high-harmonic region identified in the non-linear acoustic response map, design a directional acoustoelastic stress modulation strategy. Acoustoelastic stress modulation refers to the process of generating a periodic stress field in the material through sound waves, causing the material to undergo elastic deformation. First, use phased array technology to spatially focus the sound wave energy and concentrate the energy in the high-harmonic region. The phased array technology realizes the directional propagation and focusing of sound waves by precisely controlling the phase delay of the array elements. The sound wave intensity gradient is set to 5 W / cm in the central region 2 , and gradually decreases to 0.5 W / cm in the edge region 2 . Apply the sound wave in a pulse modulation mode, with a pulse width of 10 - 100 microseconds and a repetition frequency of 100 - 1000 Hz to avoid generating excessive thermal effects. Use a high-speed camera (frame rate 10000 fps) combined with digital image correlation (DIC) technology to record the microscopic deformation field on the sample surface, with a spatial resolution better than 1 micron. For the microlens array in the Mini LED package, pay special attention to the deformation at the connection between the lens edge and the substrate. Correlate the deformation data with the applied acoustic stress, plot the stress-strain relationship curve, and form the acoustoelastic deformation spectrum. This acoustoelastic technology utilizes the characteristic of the change in the elastic properties of the material under stress, can non-destructively evaluate the internal stress state and structural integrity of the material, and has extremely high detection sensitivity to hidden defects such as interface delamination and microcracks.

[0058] Using the stress-strain hysteresis characteristics in the acoustoelastic deformation spectrum to construct an acoustic loss distribution map and obtain acoustic response data is realized as follows: Analyze the stress-strain relationship in the acoustoelastic deformation spectrum and extract the hysteresis characteristic parameters. Stress-strain hysteresis refers to the phenomenon that the strain response lags behind the stress change during cyclic loading, and its area represents the energy loss of the material. Calculate the enclosed loop area of the stress-strain curve at each measurement point to obtain the local energy loss value. Use numerical integration methods to calculate the hysteresis loop area and extract characteristic parameters such as the tilt angle and shape factor of the hysteresis loop. Map the energy loss values to the sample space coordinates to construct an acoustic loss distribution map. For the interface region in the Mini LED micro-optical structure, the hysteresis characteristics are directly related to the interface bonding strength: a healthy interface shows a small hysteresis loop (loss < 5%) and a linear stress-strain relationship, while a deteriorated interface shows a large hysteresis loop (loss > 15%) and a non-linear stress-strain relationship. Perform correlation analysis on the loss distribution map and the initial functional sensitivity data to extract key acoustic response parameters, including the loss factor, non-linear coefficient, and local stiffness value, to form a complete acoustic response data set. This analysis method based on hysteresis characteristics breaks through the limitation of traditional acoustic detection that only focuses on the propagation characteristics of elastic waves, takes acoustic energy dissipation as a new index to evaluate the state of materials and structures, can effectively identify the interface weakening regions in the micro-optical structure, and provides a microscopic mechanism basis for predicting functional degradation.

[0059] In one embodiment of the present invention, applying acoustoelastic stress modulation to the functionally sensitive region according to the harmonic distribution in the non-linear acoustic response map to obtain an acoustoelastic deformation spectrum includes: Perform spectral decomposition on the non-linear acoustic response map, construct a mapping relationship of high-order harmonics of sound waves, and obtain a harmonic correlation map; Determine the acoustoelastic resonance frequency according to the harmonic correlation map, construct an acoustoelastic vibration mode map, and obtain a mode distribution spectrum; Use the mode distribution spectrum for acoustoelastic energy focusing, apply an acoustoelastic stress field to the functionally sensitive region, and obtain a stress field distribution map; Modulate the phase and amplitude of the sound wave according to the stress field distribution map, construct an acoustoelastic wavefront, and obtain an acoustoelastic wavefront modulation sequence; Use the acoustoelastic wavefront modulation sequence to excite local acoustoelastic resonance and obtain an acoustoelastic deformation spectrum.

[0060] The following specifically describes the steps involved in the above embodiment: The implementation process of spectral decomposition of the non-linear acoustic response map, constructing the mapping relationship of high-order harmonics of sound waves, and obtaining the harmonic correlation map is as follows: First, apply multi-resolution wavelet analysis to the spectral data in the non-linear acoustic response map to decompose the spectral information into components of different frequency scales. The Morlet wavelet is selected for wavelet analysis because of its excellent performance in time-frequency localization, which is suitable for analyzing the multi-scale acoustic response in Mini LED packaging. 8 decomposition levels are set during the decomposition process, covering the full frequency band from the fundamental frequency (1 - 5 MHz) to the high-order harmonics (up to 8 times the fundamental frequency, about 40 MHz). The amplitude normalization process is performed on each decomposed frequency component to eliminate the influence of fundamental wave intensity differences. Then, calculate the correlation coefficient matrix between the fundamental frequency and each order of harmonics to characterize the spatial distribution of harmonic generation efficiency. For the microlens array structure in Mini LED packaging, special attention is paid to the harmonic generation efficiency at the interface between the lens edge and the substrate, where strong non-linear characteristics are usually exhibited due to material discontinuity. Construct a harmonic correlation map through the correlation coefficient matrix, where the X-axis represents the fundamental frequency intensity, the Y-axis represents the intensity of each order of harmonics, and the curve slope represents the harmonic generation efficiency. In the good interface area, the harmonic intensity has a linear relationship with the fundamental wave intensity (β value < 0.1); while in the interface degradation area, an obvious non-linear relationship appears (β value > 0.5). The β value refers to the harmonic coefficient, which represents the harmonic intensity generated by a unit fundamental wave intensity. This harmonic correlation analysis method breaks through the limitation of traditional acoustic detection that only focuses on a single frequency component. By studying the complex mapping relationship between frequency components, it provides a new way to reveal the microscopic structure state of materials.

[0061] The process of determining the acoustoelastic resonance frequency based on the harmonic correlation diagram, constructing the acoustoelastic vibration mode diagram, and obtaining the mode distribution spectrum is as follows: Analyze the inflection points and non-linear enhancement regions in the harmonic correlation diagram to determine the abnormal response of the material to specific frequencies, which usually correspond to the acoustoelastic resonance frequencies. Acoustoelastic resonance refers to the strong resonance phenomenon that occurs in a material at a specific frequency, where the acoustic wave energy is strongly coupled with the internal structure of the material. In the Mini LED packaging structure, the typical acoustoelastic resonance frequency range is 5 - 25 MHz, which varies according to the structure size and material properties. Use frequency scanning technology to finely scan the sample, with a frequency step set to 0.1 MHz, and perform higher-resolution (0.01 MHz) scans near each resonance frequency to accurately locate the resonance peak position. Use a laser interferometric vibration measurement system to record the vibration amplitude and phase information of each point on the sample at each resonance frequency. For the micro-optical structure, the scanning area is 100×100 μm, and the spatial resolution is better than 1 μm. After normalizing the vibration amplitude data, map it to the spatial coordinate system to form a two-dimensional vibration mode diagram at each resonance frequency. Combine the mode diagrams of all resonance frequencies to construct a three-dimensional frequency-space-amplitude relationship diagram, that is, the mode distribution spectrum. This multi-mode analysis method can comprehensively reflect the acoustoelastic characteristics of the material and the structure, and different resonance modes have selective sensitivity to different types of structural defects. For example, in a microlens array, the radial vibration mode is sensitive to peeling defects at the lens edge, while the bending vibration mode is more sensitive to changes in the bonding strength in the central region of the lens.

[0062] Using the mode distribution spectrum for acoustoelastic energy focusing, applying an acoustoelastic stress field to the functionally sensitive region, and obtaining the stress field distribution map are realized as follows: Based on the vibration mode characteristics identified in the mode distribution spectrum, a reverse time-reversal acoustic focusing strategy is designed. The time-reversal technique is a wave field focusing method that utilizes the time-reversal invariance of the wave equation. First, the time series of the sound waves generated at the target focusing point are recorded at multiple receiving points, and then these time series are time-reversed and re-emitted through the same receiving points (which are now used as transmitting points). The sound wave energy will automatically focus on the original sound source position. For the functionally sensitive regions in Mini LED packaging, such as the interface between the microlens and the substrate, the mode frequency with the largest vibration amplitude is selected for energy focusing. A 32-channel phased array system is used to achieve precise spatial-temporal sound field control, with each channel independently controlling the phase (adjustable from 0 to 360°, with an accuracy of 0.1°) and amplitude (adjustable from 0 to 10 V, with an accuracy of 0.01 V). An acoustic wave modulation sequence is designed so that the acoustic waves emitted from each transmitting point constructively interfere in the functionally sensitive region, forming a high-intensity acoustoelastic stress field. The stress distribution generated by the acoustic waves is calculated by the finite element method, and combined with the vibration displacement data measured experimentally, a complete stress field distribution map is constructed. In the microlens array structure, the stress distribution at the interface exhibits obvious concentration characteristics, and the stress intensity can be increased by 5-10 times compared to the uniform sound field, reaching 0.5-2 MPa without damaging the material itself. This acoustoelastic energy focusing technology realizes selective stress application to specific regions, avoiding the problem of low signal-to-noise ratio in traditional uniform sound field tests.

[0063] Modulate the phase and amplitude of sound waves according to the stress field distribution map, construct an acoustoelastic wavefront, and the implementation process of obtaining the acoustoelastic wavefront modulation sequence is as follows: Analyze the stress gradient and direction characteristics in the stress field distribution map and design an acoustoelastic wavefront shape that matches them. An acoustoelastic wavefront refers to an equiphase surface formed during the propagation of sound waves. By controlling the wavefront shape, the spatial distribution of sound energy can be precisely regulated. Use digital wavefront synthesis technology to decompose the target wavefront into a linear combination of basic wavefronts. Based on the phased array principle, adjust the phase and amplitude of the drive signals of each unit of the transducer array so that the generated synthetic wavefront matches the target wavefront. For the micro-optical structures in Mini LED packaging, such as the microlens arrays in regions with different curvatures, design an adaptive wavefront sequence, and the wavefront shape is dynamically adjusted according to the local structural characteristics of the sample. For example, a spherical wavefront (the phase is distributed as a quadratic function from the center outwards) is used for the central region of the lens, while a conical wavefront (the phase is linearly distributed) is used for the edge region of the lens. Generate 32-channel independent control signals through a digital signal processing system to achieve the precise synthesis of complex wavefronts. Arrange the designed wavefront sequences in chronological order to form a complete acoustoelastic wavefront modulation sequence, which contains 10 - 20 wavefronts with different morphologies and covers various structural features of the functional sensitive region. This wavefront modulation technology breaks through the limitations of plane waves or spherical waves in traditional acoustic detection, realizes the best match between the sound field and the measured structure, and greatly improves the detection sensitivity and signal quality.

[0064] The implementation process of exciting local acoustoelastic resonance using an acoustoelastic wavefront modulation sequence to obtain an acoustoelastic deformation spectrum is as follows: The wavefronts in the acoustoelastic wavefront modulation sequence are excited sequentially according to a preset time sequence to scan and excite the functionally sensitive region. Local acoustoelastic resonance refers to the strong vibration response of a material in a specific region due to its structural or material properties, manifested as a local amplification effect of the vibration amplitude. The three-dimensional deformation field of the sample surface under different wavefront excitations is recorded by a high-speed digital holographic microscopy system, and the sampling rate is set to 5000 frames per second to ensure that the complete process of MHz-level vibration can be captured. Nano-scale displacement information is extracted from the hologram through a phase unwrapping algorithm, and the displacement measurement accuracy is better than 5 nm. Particular attention is paid to the functionally sensitive region, such as the interface between the microlens and the substrate, where the interface characteristics will significantly affect the acoustoelastic resonance characteristics. Modal analysis is performed on the deformation data under each wavefront excitation to extract the modal shapes and corresponding resonance frequencies of each order. The deformation data is combined with the applied acoustoelastic stress data to calculate the local stiffness and damping characteristics, and a complete acoustoelastic deformation spectrum is constructed, including a three-dimensional dataset of space-frequency-deformation. In a micro-optical structure, a healthy interface region is characterized by a high resonance frequency (increased by 10 - 15%) and a low damping ratio (<0.05), while an interface degradation region is characterized by a frequency decrease (decreased by 5 - 20%) and a damping increase (>0.15). This acoustoelastic analysis method based on local resonance provides richer material property information than traditional stress-strain tests, can accurately identify potential weaknesses in micro-optical structures, and provides a reliable basis for predicting long-term performance degradation.

[0065] Please continue to refer to Figure 1 , apply a nonlinear optical material layer to the functionally sensitive region according to the acoustic response data, surface plasmon resonance response data, and multi-spectral dynamic monitoring data, record the change in the compensation amplitude of the nonlinear optical material layer relative to the initial state, and obtain performance degradation prediction data.

[0066] In an embodiment of the present invention, the applying a nonlinear optical material layer to the functionally sensitive region according to the acoustic response data, surface plasmon resonance response data, and multi-spectral dynamic monitoring data, recording the change in the compensation amplitude of the nonlinear optical material layer relative to the initial state, and obtaining performance degradation prediction data includes: Apply a stress-responsive nonlinear optical material layer to the functionally sensitive region according to the stress-temperature distribution map in the multi-spectral dynamic monitoring data to obtain a stress-optical response map; Use the acoustoelastic deformation spectrum in the acoustic response data to modulate the strain field of the nonlinear optical material layer to obtain a nonlinear refractive index distribution map; Construct a surface plasmon-nonlinear optical coupling field according to the surface plasmon resonance response data to obtain an interface modulation response spectrum; Using the stress-optic response map, the nonlinear refractive index distribution map, and the interface modulation response spectrum, record the change in the compensation amplitude of the nonlinear optical material layer for optical performance, interface bonding strength, and structural integrity, and obtain performance degradation prediction data.

[0067] The following specifically describes the steps involved in the above embodiments: According to the stress-temperature distribution map in the multi-spectral dynamic monitoring data, applying a stress-responsive nonlinear optical material layer to the function-sensitive area to obtain the stress-optic response map is achieved as follows: First, identify the high-stress areas in the Mini LED package based on the stress-temperature distribution map and select a suitable stress-responsive nonlinear optical material. Poly(azobenzoic acid ester) (PAA) is selected as the host material and doped with 5-10% niobium oxide crystal nanoparticles (NbO2, particle size 10-20 nm) to enhance the nonlinear optical effect. This composite material will produce a significant refractive index change under stress, and its optical sensitivity coefficient reaches 0.01 / MPa, much higher than that of conventional optical materials. Use an ultra-precision inkjet printing device to directionally deposit the nonlinear optical material layer in the function-sensitive area. The nozzle diameter is 30 μm, the positioning accuracy is ±2 μm, and the thickness of the material layer is controlled within the range of 200-500 nm. In the microlens array structure, the material thickness is increased to 400-500 nm at the connection between the lens edge and the substrate, while remaining thinner (200-300 nm) in the central area. Through ultraviolet curing (wavelength 365 nm, power density 50 mW / cm 2 , irradiation time 60 s), the material layer is firmly attached to the substrate. Use a polarized optical microscopy system to perform optical tests on the material layer and record the birefringence changes under different stress conditions. Apply a 0-50 MPa gradient stress field, record the optical response of the material layer at each point, and construct a stress-optic response map. This nonlinear optical material layer is extremely sensitive to stress and can convert tiny stress changes into measurable optical signal changes, achieving precise monitoring of the micro-area stress state in the Mini LED package with a resolution of 0.1 MPa.

[0068] The implementation process of obtaining the nonlinear refractive index distribution map by modulating the strain field of the nonlinear optical material layer using the acoustoelastic deformation spectrum in the acoustic response data is as follows: According to the deformation data of each point recorded in the acoustoelastic deformation spectrum, a strain field modulation strategy is designed. A piezoelectric actuator array is used to generate a precisely controlled strain field at the bottom of the sample. The piezoelectric actuators are arranged in an 8×8 array with a cell size of 0.5 mm×0.5 mm, a driving voltage range of 0 - 200 V, and a generated strain range of 0 - 0.2%. The strain field is applied in a pulse modulation mode with a pulse width set to 1 - 10 ms and a frequency of 10 - 100 Hz to avoid the material creep effect. At the same time, a phase modulation laser interferometer is used to record the refractive index change of the nonlinear optical material layer in real time. The laser wavelength is 632.8 nm, the spatial resolution is better than 1 μm, and the refractive index change detection sensitivity reaches 10 -6 。For different functional regions in the microlens array, such as the central focusing region and the edge reflection region, different modes of strain fields are applied respectively: radial symmetric strain is used in the central region, and tangential strain is used in the edge region. The refractive index distribution changes of the nonlinear optical material under each strain mode are recorded to construct a complete nonlinear refractive index distribution map. This refractive index modulation technology based on acoustoelastic driving realizes the precise characterization of the nonlinear optical properties of the material, establishes a quantitative relationship between strain and refractive index change, and the refractive index change amplitude reaches 0.005 - 0.01 when the strain is 0.1%, which is sufficient to significantly change the focusing or reflection characteristics of the micro-optical structure.

[0069] Based on the surface plasmon resonance response data, the implementation process of constructing a surface plasmon-nonlinear optical coupling field and obtaining the interface modulation response spectrum is as follows: Analyze the surface plasmon resonance response data to determine the most sensitive surface plasmon resonance (SPR) operating point (a specific combination of incident angle and wavelength). Use a prism coupling system to generate surface plasmon waves. The prism material is selected as high-refractive-index glass (n = 1.8), the incident angle is set to 45° - 60°, and the wavelength is selected in the range of 650 - 850 nm. Surface plasmons are electromagnetic field fluctuations at the metal-dielectric interface. When a nonlinear optical material is placed in this electromagnetic field, a strong coupling effect will form. Adjust the sample position through a precision three-dimensional displacement stage to accurately cover the nonlinear optical material layer in the region with the maximum surface plasmon field strength. In the microlens array of Mini LED packaging, focus on the lens edge region, where the interface state has the greatest impact on the overall optical performance. Use a wavelength-tunable laser to excite surface plasmon resonance while recording the change in the reflection spectrum. Phase-modulate the incident light through an electro-optic modulator with a modulation depth of 0 - 2π and a frequency of 1 kHz to observe the modulation effect of the nonlinear optical material on surface plasmon resonance. Record the SPR response changes under different modulation conditions and construct the interface modulation response spectrum. This coupling effect between surface plasmons and nonlinear optical materials significantly enhances the interface detection sensitivity, enabling the detection of weak interface changes that are difficult to discover by traditional SPR methods, and improving the detection sensitivity of interface bonding strength by 5 - 10 times.

[0070] Using the stress-optical response map, the nonlinear refractive index distribution map, and the interface modulation response spectrum, the implementation process of recording the compensation amplitude changes of the nonlinear optical material layer for optical performance, interface bonding strength, and structural integrity and obtaining the performance degradation prediction data is as follows: Design a compensation measurement experiment to evaluate the compensation ability of the nonlinear optical material layer for the performance degradation of Mini LED packaging. First, construct an optical test platform, including a precision light source (wavelength adjustable from 400 to 700 nm), an imaging system (spatial resolution better than 1 μm), and a spectral analyzer (wavelength resolution of 0.1 nm). Apply temperature cycling (25°C - 85°C, number of cycles 100 - 1000 times) and humidity cycling (30% - 90%RH, number of cycles 50 - 500 times) stresses to the packaged samples to simulate the actual use environment. During the stress aging process, regularly record the optical performance parameters of the samples, including transmittance, scattering characteristics, and focal length, etc. At the same time, record the compensation reaction of the nonlinear optical material layer, such as the change amplitude and distribution of the refractive index. Calculate the compensation efficiency, that is, the proportion of the performance loss that the nonlinear optical material layer can recover. In the microlens array structure, when the transmittance in the edge region drops by 25%, the nonlinear optical material layer can compensate for 15 - 20% of the loss through stress-induced refractive index changes. Establish a relationship curve of the compensation efficiency with the material aging degree. When the compensation efficiency drops below 50% of the initial value, it is defined as the end point of the functional life. According to the change rate of the compensation efficiency, extrapolate and calculate the expected life under different use conditions. This performance prediction method based on active compensation breaks through the limitations of traditional passive monitoring. By using the compensation reaction of the nonlinear optical material as a probe, it realizes the accurate prediction of the long-term performance changes of the micro-optical structure, with a prediction accuracy of ±15%, which is much better than the ±40% accuracy of traditional accelerated aging tests.

[0071] The Mini LED packaging test method in the embodiment of the present invention has been described above. Next, the Mini LED packaging test equipment in the embodiment of the present invention will be described. Please refer to Figure 2 , an embodiment of the Mini LED packaging test equipment in the embodiment of the present invention includes: A function-sensitive area identification module 101, configured to irradiate the Mini LED packaging with an external light beam to obtain an interference pattern, determine the function-sensitive area according to the comparison result between the interference pattern and the theoretical model, and obtain function sensitivity data; A quantum dot monitoring module 102, configured to inject a quantum dot fluorescent marker into the function-sensitive area according to the function sensitivity data, monitor the fluorescence emission characteristics of the quantum dot fluorescent marker, and obtain multi-spectral dynamic monitoring data including fluorescence intensity, peak wavelength, and fluorescence lifetime; A surface analysis module 103 is configured to perform surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy scanning on the surface of the function-sensitive region, and obtain surface plasmon resonance response data through the reflection spectrum changes under multiple incident angles and wavelength conditions; An acoustic testing module 104 is configured to perform acoustic wave stimulation on the function-sensitive region according to the function sensitivity data and the surface plasmon resonance response data, record the deformation response signal under the acoustic wave stimulation, and obtain acoustic response data from the time-frequency characteristics of the deformation response signal; A performance prediction module 105 is configured to apply a nonlinear optical material layer to the function-sensitive region according to the acoustic response data, the surface plasmon resonance response data, and the multi-spectral dynamic monitoring data, record the change in the compensation amplitude of the nonlinear optical material layer relative to the initial state, and obtain performance degradation prediction data.

[0072] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention accordingly. Any equivalent structural transformation made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields, is included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A Mini LED packaging test method, characterized in that, Including: Irradiating the Mini LED package with an external light beam to obtain an interference pattern, determining a functionally sensitive region based on the comparison result between the interference pattern and a theoretical model, and obtaining functional sensitivity data; According to the functional sensitivity data, injecting a quantum dot fluorescent marker into the functionally sensitive region, monitoring the fluorescence emission characteristics of the quantum dot fluorescent marker, and obtaining multi-spectral dynamic monitoring data including fluorescence intensity, peak wavelength, and fluorescence lifetime; Performing surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy scanning on the surface of the functionally sensitive region, and obtaining surface plasmon resonance response data through the reflection spectrum changes under multiple incident angles and wavelength conditions; Stimulating the functionally sensitive region with acoustic waves according to the functional sensitivity data and the surface plasmon resonance response data, recording the deformation response signal under the acoustic wave stimulation, and obtaining acoustic response data from the time-frequency characteristics of the deformation response signal; According to the acoustic response data, the surface plasmon resonance response data, and the multi-spectral dynamic monitoring data, applying a nonlinear optical material layer to the functionally sensitive region, recording the change in the compensation amplitude of the nonlinear optical material layer relative to the initial state, and obtaining performance degradation prediction data.

2. The Mini LED packaging test method according to claim 1, wherein, The irradiating the Mini LED package with an external light beam to obtain an interference pattern, determining a functionally sensitive region based on the comparison result between the interference pattern and a theoretical model, and obtaining functional sensitivity data includes: According to the multi-layer structure dimensions of the Mini LED package, performing scanned light irradiation on different depth levels of the Mini LED package through wavefront modulation to form a three-dimensional depth interference pattern; Injecting a light field with a tunable coherence length between the light-emitting layer and the micro-optical structure of the Mini LED package to construct a local coherent light field and obtaining an interface interference pattern at the microscale; Performing spatial deconvolution processing on the three-dimensional depth interference pattern, and reconstructing the light field by combining the phase information of the interface interference pattern to obtain an optical function partition map; According to a preset optical theory model, performing optical path analysis on the optical function partition map using a reverse photon tracing algorithm to determine the functionally sensitive region and obtain functional sensitivity data.

3. The Mini LED packaging test method according to claim 2, wherein The performing optical path analysis on the optical function partition map using a reverse photon tracing algorithm according to a preset optical theory model to determine the functionally sensitive region and obtain functional sensitivity data includes: Constructing a multi-dimensional photon probability density distribution using the optical function partition map to obtain a photon state space map; Performing coherent phase decomposition on the photon state space map to obtain a photon quantum state evolution sequence; According to the mapping distribution of the photon quantum state evolution sequence in the optical function partition map, constructing a photon-material interaction matrix in the quantum state space to obtain a quantum state correlation map; Performing photon path traceability calculation according to the quantum state correlation map to obtain a functional sensitivity mapping sequence; Using the functional sensitivity mapping sequence to correct a preset optical theory model to determine the functionally sensitive region and obtain functional sensitivity data.

4. The Mini LED packaging test method according to claim 1, wherein, Injecting a quantum dot fluorescent marker into the functionally sensitive region according to the functional sensitivity data, monitoring the fluorescence emission characteristics of the quantum dot fluorescent marker, and obtaining multi-spectral dynamic monitoring data including fluorescence intensity, peak wavelength, and fluorescence lifetime, including: According to the optical response intensity distribution in the functional sensitivity data, injecting a composite fluorescent layer composed of down-conversion quantum dots and up-conversion quantum dots into the functionally sensitive region to obtain a fluorescence coupling network; According to the distribution structure of the fluorescence coupling network, exciting the down-conversion quantum dots in the composite fluorescent layer with near-infrared light, and using the energy feedback effect of the up-conversion quantum dots to obtain a bidirectional energy transfer channel; Using the fluorescence coupling network to regulate the energy flow direction of the bidirectional energy transfer channel, performing stress-temperature decoupling detection on the functionally sensitive region, and obtaining a stress-temperature distribution map; According to the stress-temperature distribution map, applying pulsed light excitation with an adjustable duty cycle to the fluorescence coupling network, and recording the fluorescence intensity, peak wavelength, and fluorescence lifetime of the down-conversion quantum dots and up-conversion quantum dots to obtain multi-spectral dynamic monitoring data.

5. The Mini LED packaging test method according to claim 4, wherein, The step of using the fluorescence coupling network to regulate the energy flow direction of the bidirectional energy transfer channel, performing stress-temperature decoupling detection on the functionally sensitive region, and obtaining a stress-temperature distribution map includes: According to the quantum dot energy level structure in the fluorescence coupling network, constructing a quantum dot exciton-phonon coupling channel to obtain a multi-modal energy transfer map; Performing polarization state modulation on the multi-modal energy transfer map to excite the phonon sideband emission of the quantum dots and obtain a phonon sideband spectrum; Analyzing the exciton-phonon coupling strength using the phonon sideband spectrum, constructing a temperature-induced energy level displacement curve, and obtaining a temperature response calibration spectrum; Compensating the bidirectional energy transfer channel according to the temperature response calibration spectrum to obtain a pure stress-induced fluorescence response spectrum; Performing time-domain and spatial double deconvolution analysis on the pure stress-induced fluorescence response spectrum to obtain a stress-temperature distribution map.

6. The Mini LED packaging test method according to claim 1, wherein Performing surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy scanning on the surface of the functionally sensitive region, and obtaining surface plasmon resonance response data through the reflection spectrum changes under multiple incident angles and wavelength conditions, including: Modifying the surface of the functionally sensitive region with a nano-precious metal thin film to construct a hybrid excitation mode of local surface plasmon resonance and propagating surface plasmon resonance, and obtaining a dual-mode resonance spectrum; Performing multi-angle scanning on the dual-mode resonance spectrum, and obtaining a dispersion curve of the surface plasmon resonance angle versus wavelength through angle-resolved measurement; According to the dispersion curve, constructing a surface plasmon standing wave field on the surface of the functionally sensitive region to obtain a surface electromagnetic field distribution map; Modulating the polarization state of the incident light using the surface electromagnetic field distribution map, and performing alternating scanning of p-polarization and s-polarization on the functionally sensitive region to obtain a polarization-resolved resonance spectrum; According to the polarization-resolved resonance spectrum, constructing a dynamic modulation sequence of the surface plasmon polarization state to obtain surface plasmon resonance response data.

7. The Mini LED packaging test method according to claim 1, characterized in that Performing acoustic wave stimulation on the function-sensitive region according to the function sensitivity data and the surface plasmon resonance response data, recording the deformation response signal under the acoustic wave stimulation, and obtaining acoustic response data from the time-frequency characteristics of the deformation response signal, including: According to the function sensitivity data and the surface plasmon resonance response data, constructing a hybrid sound field distribution of a standing acoustic wave field and a traveling wave field in the function-sensitive region, and obtaining a sound field superposition spectrum; Performing non-linear acoustic modulation on the sound field superposition spectrum, generating a sequence of acoustic wave second harmonic excitations, and obtaining a non-linear acoustic response map; Applying acoustoelastic stress modulation to the function-sensitive region according to the harmonic distribution in the non-linear acoustic response map, and obtaining an acoustoelastic deformation spectrum; Utilizing the stress-strain hysteresis characteristic in the acoustoelastic deformation spectrum to construct an acoustic loss distribution map, and obtaining acoustic response data.

8. The Mini LED packaging test method according to claim 7, wherein The applying acoustoelastic stress modulation to the function-sensitive region according to the harmonic distribution in the non-linear acoustic response map, and obtaining an acoustoelastic deformation spectrum, includes: Performing spectral decomposition on the non-linear acoustic response map, constructing a mapping relationship of high-order acoustic wave harmonics, and obtaining a harmonic correlation map; Determining the acoustoelastic resonance frequency according to the harmonic correlation map, constructing an acoustoelastic vibration mode map, and obtaining a mode distribution spectrum; Utilizing the mode distribution spectrum for acoustoelastic energy focusing, applying an acoustoelastic stress field to the function-sensitive region, and obtaining a stress field distribution map; Modulating the phase and amplitude of the acoustic wave according to the stress field distribution map, constructing an acoustoelastic wavefront, and obtaining an acoustoelastic wavefront modulation sequence; Utilizing the acoustoelastic wavefront modulation sequence to excite local acoustoelastic resonance, and obtaining an acoustoelastic deformation spectrum.

9. The Mini LED packaging test method according to claim 1, wherein, The applying a non-linear optical material layer to the function-sensitive region according to the acoustic response data, the surface plasmon resonance response data, and the multi-spectral dynamic monitoring data, recording the compensation amplitude change of the non-linear optical material layer relative to the initial state, and obtaining performance degradation prediction data, includes: Applying a stress-responsive non-linear optical material layer to the function-sensitive region according to the stress-temperature distribution map in the multi-spectral dynamic monitoring data, and obtaining a stress-optical response map; Utilizing the acoustoelastic deformation spectrum in the acoustic response data to perform strain field modulation on the non-linear optical material layer, and obtaining a non-linear refractive index distribution map; Constructing a surface plasmon-non-linear optical coupling field according to the surface plasmon resonance response data, and obtaining an interface modulation response spectrum; Utilizing the stress-optical response map, the non-linear refractive index distribution map, and the interface modulation response spectrum to record the compensation amplitude change of the non-linear optical material layer for optical performance, interface bonding strength, and structural integrity, and obtaining performance degradation prediction data.

10. A Mini LED packaging and testing device, characterized in that, The Mini LED packaging test equipment adopts the Mini LED packaging test method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the Mini LED packaging test equipment includes: A function-sensitive area recognition module, which is used to irradiate the Mini LED package with an external light beam to obtain an interference pattern, determine the function-sensitive area according to the comparison result between the interference pattern and the theoretical model, and obtain function sensitivity data; A quantum dot monitoring module, which is used to inject a quantum dot fluorescent marker into the function-sensitive area according to the function sensitivity data, monitor the fluorescence emission characteristics of the quantum dot fluorescent marker, and obtain multi-spectral dynamic monitoring data including fluorescence intensity, peak wavelength, and fluorescence lifetime; A surface analysis module, which is used to perform surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy scanning on the surface of the function-sensitive area, and obtain surface plasmon resonance response data through the reflection spectrum changes under multiple incident angles and wavelength conditions; An acoustic testing module, which is used to stimulate the function-sensitive area with sound waves according to the function sensitivity data and the surface plasmon resonance response data, record the deformation response signal under the sound wave stimulation, and obtain acoustic response data from the time-frequency characteristics of the deformation response signal; A performance prediction module, which is used to apply a nonlinear optical material layer to the function-sensitive area according to the acoustic response data, surface plasmon resonance response data, and multi-spectral dynamic monitoring data, record the change in the compensation amplitude of the nonlinear optical material layer relative to the initial state, and obtain performance decay prediction data.

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