PCBA test equipment and PCBA test method

Abstract

The invention discloses PCBA test equipment and a PCBA test method, and belongs to the technical field of test equipment, the PCBA test equipment comprises a rack, at least one adapter and at least one pair of side supporting frames, the rack is provided with a main control module and at least one sub-control module, the main control module is internally provided with an MCU, a display screen and a memory, the sub-control module is internally provided with an electronic switch tube, and the electronic switch tube is connected with the adapter. The electronic switch tube is electrically connected with the MCU. Each pair of side supporting frames is used for clamping and fixing the PCBA board in the horizontal direction, and the adapter is used for being connected with a port of the PCBA board in an inserted mode. The MCU is used as an execution part for automatic control, the adapter is matched with the sub-control module so that multiple ports of the PCBA board can be detected at the same time, the electronic switch tube is used for replacing a tester to repeatedly press a mechanical switch to test the PCBA board, the detection efficiency is improved, the vulnerable mechanical switch is omitted, and low-cost automatic testing is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of test equipment, and particularly relates to a PCBA test equipment and a PCBA test method. Background Art

[0002] PCBA board is fully known as Printed Circuit Board Assembly in Chinese. It refers to installing electronic components such as resistors, capacitors, integrated circuits (ICs), transistors, etc. on a printed circuit board to form an assembled component. After leaving the factory, in order to avoid quality problems of the finished product caused by defects, it is necessary to conduct a power-on test on the component.

[0003] The existing Chinese utility model patent CN215116636U discloses a PCBA board test equipment that is convenient to fix. The clamping grooves on four limit blocks enclose a clamping space to clamp and limit the PCBA board, so that during the test, the PCBA board can be in a limited state. In addition, by setting a lifting component, after the test is completed, the lifting component lifts the PCBA board above the clamping space for easy taking.

[0004] In actual use, it is not only necessary to position the PCBA board and electrically connect it to the test equipment. Since the PCBA board needs to receive different types of control signals and generate corresponding output signals, when the PCBA board outputs control signals in the traditional process, especially in the test scenario of a multi-button PCBA board, the internal circuit of the multi-button PCBA board is simple, but during the test, it is necessary to repeatedly press the corresponding mechanical buttons on the test equipment to simulate the usage scenario of the multi-button PCBA board. Workers need to press the mechanical buttons thousands or even tens of thousands of times a day, and the test fixture is easily damaged. And when using a large FCT test machine to test the button PCBA board, most functions of the FCT test machine cannot be utilized because the button PCBA board has simple functions, and the cost of purchasing an FCT test machine is too high. In view of this, a PCBA test equipment and a PCBA test method are provided. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art and provide a PCBA test equipment and a PCBA test method.

[0006] The technical solution adopted to solve the above technical problems is as follows: Provide a PCBA testing device, including a frame, at least one adapter, and at least a pair of side supports. A main control module and at least one sub-control module are provided on the frame. The main control module is internally provided with an MCU, a display screen, and a memory. The display screen and the memory are both electrically connected to the MCU. The sub-control module is internally provided with an electronic switch tube, and the electronic switch tube is electrically connected to the MCU. The adapter includes a main body and a plug. The main body is slidably mounted on the frame so that the main body can be operably slid horizontally along a first direction. The plug is mounted on the main body, and the plug is electrically connected to the sub-control module. The two side supports of each pair are spaced apart. The area between the two side supports of each pair faces one adapter. Each side support includes a fixed seat and a clamping plate. The fixed seat is spaced from the adapter by a predetermined distance. The clamping plate extends from the fixed seat toward the adapter. The clamping plate is connected to the fixed seat through an elastic member horizontally arranged along a second direction. The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, so that the clamping plates of the two side supports of each pair slide along the second direction to clamp the PCBA board located between the two side supports in the horizontal direction. The plug of the adapter can be operably horizontally inserted into and electrically connected to the port of the PCBA board.

[0007] In one embodiment, the clamping plate includes a first moving plate and a second moving plate stacked up and down. The second moving plate is connected to the fixed seat. The opposite side surfaces of the first moving plate and the second moving plate are both provided with spaced-apart stoppers, and the stoppers of the first moving plate and the stoppers of the second moving plate are arranged in a straight line in an alternating manner. The first moving plate is provided with a vertical connecting plate, and the connecting plate is provided with an assembly hole. One end of the elastic member is fixedly connected to the fixed seat, and the other end of the elastic member is embedded in the assembly hole so that the elastic member slides vertically along the assembly hole. The second moving plate is provided with a vertical support plate, and the support plate is attached to the side surface of the connecting plate away from the elastic member.

[0008] In one embodiment, the top surface of the fixed seat is provided with a first convex block, and the bottom surface of the fixed seat is provided with a second convex block. The first moving plate is provided with a first sliding opening at the position corresponding to the first convex block, and the first convex block can be horizontally slidably embedded in the first sliding opening along the second direction. The second moving plate is provided with a second sliding opening at the position corresponding to the second convex block, and the second convex block can be horizontally slidably embedded in the second sliding opening along the second direction.

[0009] In one embodiment, a driving frame is further installed on the frame. The driving end of the driving frame is provided with a pressing plate and can operably drive the pressing plate to move up and down. The pressing plate is located above the side support and is provided with a plurality of spaced-apart pressing blocks at the position facing the side support.

[0010] In one embodiment, the driving frame includes a base, an active arm is hingedly installed on the upper part of the base, a connecting rod is movably installed on the active arm near the hinge position, the lower end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to a driven rod, the bottom end of the driven rod is connected to the top pressure plate, a damping member is installed in the middle of the connecting rod, and the lower end of the damping member is rotatably connected to the base.

[0011] In one embodiment, the plug connector has a built-in coupling sleeve, the coupling sleeve is electrically connected to the sub-control module, and the coupling sleeve is installed with a relay component at the socket of the plug connector. The ends of the relay component are symmetrically provided with elastically deformable deformation segments, and a lap section extends from the end of each deformation segment. A space for inserting the pins of the port of the PCBA board is formed between the two deformation segments. The lap section is bent from the corresponding end of the deformation segment in an outward expansion direction on both the upper and lower sides to form a channel larger than the opening formed by the ends of the two deformation segments.

[0012] In one embodiment, a contact piece is installed around the outer periphery of the deformation section, a surface of the contact piece facing the direction in which the port of the PCBA board is inserted into the plug connector is an arc guide surface, and a top wall of the contact piece is a plane. When the port of the PCBA board is fully inserted into the plug connector, the top wall of the port of the PCBA board squeezes the deformation section through the top wall of the contact piece, so that the corresponding overlapping section contacts the pin in the port of the PCBA board.

[0013] In one embodiment, the plug connector has a built-in position detection component, and the position detection component includes a moving contact piece and a fixed contact piece. The moving contact piece and the fixed contact piece are sequentially erected at the socket of the plug connector along the direction in which the port of the PCBA board is inserted into the plug connector. A trigger gap is provided between the fixed contact piece and the moving contact piece. An input line is welded and fixed to the end of the fixed contact piece, and an output line is welded and fixed to the end of the moving contact piece. Both the input line and the output line are electrically connected to the sub-control module, and an insulating layer is provided on the side of the moving contact piece facing away from the fixed contact piece.

[0014] In one embodiment, the frame is fixedly mounted with guide frames at both sides of the main body, sliding pins are installed at both side ends of the main body, the sliding pins at both side ends of the main body are slidably connected to the corresponding guide frames, and the plug connector is detachably connected to the main body by a clip.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention further provides a PCBA testing method. Using the above-mentioned PCBA testing device, the PCBA testing device pre-programs the pins connecting the MCU and the electronic switch tube to a high level or a low level. Among them, when the pin connecting the MCU and the electronic switch tube is at a high level, current flows into the gate of the electronic switch tube, causing the electronic switch tube to conduct, thereby simulating the closing action of the mechanical switch; when the pin connecting the MCU and the electronic switch tube is at a low level, no current flows into the gate of the electronic switch tube, and the electronic switch tube is cut off, thereby simulating the opening action of the mechanical switch. The PCBA testing method includes the following steps: Power on the PCBA testing device. After the MCU is powered on, it starts to run and initializes all relevant pins; Electrically connect to the port of the PCBA board through the plug connector. The MCU issues a switch command to make the electronic switch tube act and transmit the signal to the PCBA board; Monitor the response of the circuit. The built-in program of the MCU judges whether the PCBA board meets the expectations, and displays it in real time through the meter head and the display screen. The memory stores the abnormal test results in real time.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) Through the design of the main control module, the sub-control module, and the adapter, the present invention uses the MCU as the execution part of automatic control. The adapter cooperates with the sub-control module to detect multiple ports of the PCBA board at the same time. The electronic switch tube is used to replace the tester to repeatedly press the mechanical switch to test the PCBA board, improving the detection efficiency, canceling the vulnerable mechanical switch, and realizing low-cost automatic testing.

[0017] (2) By setting the side support frame, the clamping plate of the side support frame can horizontally slide along the second direction under the action of the elastic member, so that the PCBA board to be tested can be clamped by two side support frames to fix the PCBA board to be tested. Further, a connecting plate is provided on the moving plate one of the side support frame, and an assembly hole is provided in the connecting plate. The elastic member can be vertically slidably inserted into the assembly hole, so that the moving plate one can slide relative to the moving plate two in the vertical direction to adapt to clamping PCBA boards of different thicknesses.

[0018] (3) Through the optimization of the adapter of the present invention, a coupling sleeve is built into the plug of the adapter. A relay member is installed at the socket of the plug. The relay member is provided with a deformable section and a lapping section that can act in segments. A contact member is wrapped around the outer periphery of the deformable section. The deformation of the deformable section is achieved by the port of the PCBA board squeezing the contact member, and the contact member further squeezes the deformable section. Only after the port of the PCBA board is plugged in place will the deformable section be squeezed, so that the corresponding lapping section contacts the pins in the port of the PCBA board. During the plugging and unplugging process, when it is not in place, the deformable section, the lapping section and the pins of the port of the PCBA board do not contact, which can reduce the virtual connection caused by plugging and unplugging wear and improve the stability of the adapter working for a long time under frequent plugging and unplugging.

[0019] (4) Through the design of the position detection member of the present invention, when the plug of the adapter is plugged into the port of the PCBA board, the pins of the port of the PCBA board squeeze the moving contact piece, so that the moving contact piece contacts the fixed contact piece to form a closed circuit, generating an electrical signal and transmitting it to the MCU. The MCU converts the received electrical signal into a digital signal and visually displays it through the display screen, which is convenient for users to more accurately check the plugging situation, avoid virtual connection caused by improper plugging, and improve the detection accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a perspective structural view of the PCBA testing device provided by the present invention observed from the first perspective; Figure 2 is a perspective structural view of the PCBA testing device provided by the present invention observed from the second perspective; Figure 3 shows the cooperation mode among the adapter, the side support frame and the PCBA board to be tested of the PCBA testing device provided by the present invention; Figure 4 is a structural view of the adapter of the PCBA testing device provided by the present invention; Figure 5 is an exploded view of the structure of the side support frame of the PCBA testing device provided by the present invention; Figure 6 is a sectional view of the side support frame of the PCBA testing device provided by the present invention; Figure 7 shows a structural view of the PCBA testing device provided by the present invention in the state where the top pressing plate presses down the side support frame; Figure 8 shows the connection mode between the top pressing plate and the driving frame of the PCBA testing device provided by the present invention; Figure 9 is a sectional view of the plug of the adapter of the PCBA testing device provided by the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 10It is a schematic diagram of the cutting of the plug connector of the adapter of the PCBA testing device provided by the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 11 It is a cross-sectional view of the plug connector of the adapter of the PCBA testing device provided by the present invention when it is not inserted into the port of the PCBA board; Figure 12 It is a cross-sectional view of the plug connector of the adapter of the PCBA testing device provided by the present invention after being inserted into the port of the PCBA board; Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of the terminals of the MCU of the PCBA testing device provided by the present invention; Figure 14 It is a schematic diagram of the output branch of the sub-control module of the PCBA testing device provided by the present invention; Figure 15 It is a schematic diagram of the working process of the PCBA testing device provided by the present invention.

[0021] Reference numerals: 1, frame; 2, main control module; 3, sub-control module; 31, sub-harness; 32, hub; 33, main harness; 4, meter head; 5, adapter; 51, body; 511, sliding pin; 512, clip; 52, plug connector; 53, guide frame; 54, branch wire; 55, notch; 56, coupling sleeve; 561, relay member; 562, deformation section; 563, overlapping section; 57, position detection member; 571, input wire; 572, fixed contact; 573, moving contact; 574, output wire; 575, insulating layer; 58, contact member; 581, arc guide surface; 582, flat surface; 6, side support frame; 61, fixed seat; 62, moving plate 1; 621, sliding opening 1; 63, moving plate 2; 631, sliding opening 2; 64, convex block 1; 65, convex block 2; 66, support plate; 67, connecting plate; 671, assembly hole; 68, elastic member; 69, stop block; 7, top pressing plate; 71, base; 72, active arm; 73, driven rod; 74, reinforcement member; 75, connecting rod; 76, damping member; 77, pressing block; 8, data harness; 9, PCBA board; 91, port; 92, locking structure; 93, pin. Detailed implementation manners

[0022] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0023] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a PCBA testing device for testing a PCBA board 9. The PCBA testing device includes a frame 1, at least one adapter 5 and at least a pair of side support frames 6.

[0024] The frame 1 is made of acrylic material, which is light in weight and low in manufacturing cost. The frame 1 is provided with a main control module 2 and at least one sub-control module 3.

[0025] The main control module 2 is installed on the frame 1 through a protective shell. The main control module 2 is built-in with an MCU, a display screen and a memory. The MCU plays a control role, and both the display screen and the memory are electrically connected to the MCU. The frame 1 is provided with an observation window corresponding to the position of the display screen. The memory is used to store algorithms and temporarily store the detection information of the PCBA board 9 collected. The MCU is electrically connected to a meter head 4 through a data wire harness 8. The meter head 4 adopts a combined meter of an ammeter, a voltmeter and a resistor meter, and can display the detection results of the PCBA board 9.

[0026] The sub-control module 3 adopts a glue-sealed waterproof structure to ensure stable use and is fixed on the frame 1 below the main control module 2. The sub-control module 3 can be designed with multiple branches, which can be used to distribute the signals from the MCU to multiple different test points, and can simultaneously detect multiple ports 91 of the PCBA board 9 to improve the detection efficiency. The sub-control module 3 is built-in with electronic switching tubes, and the electronic switching tubes are electrically connected to the MCU through a data wire harness 8. The electronic switching tubes replace mechanical switches and cooperate with the MCU to automatically simulate switching signals, so that manual switching is not required.

[0027] Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the adapter 5 corresponds to the position of the PCBA board 9 to be tested and adopts an adaptive design. The adapter 5 is specially designed for the PCBA board 9. After design, the adapter 5 is installed on the frame 1 through bolts to ensure that different types of PCBA boards 9 can adapt to this detection device. Specifically, the adapter 5 includes a main body 51 and a plug connector 52. The main body 51 is slidably installed on the frame 1 so that the main body 51 can be operably slid horizontally along a first direction. The first direction is as shown in the direction of the straight line a in Figure 3 . The plug connector 52 is installed on the main body 51, and the plug connector 52 is electrically connected to the sub-control module 3. The number and position of the plug connectors 52 correspond to those of the ports 91 of the PCBA board 9. The plug connectors 52 are installed on the horizontally slidable main body 51, and the synchronous plugging and unplugging of all the plug connectors 52 can be realized by using the horizontal sliding of the main body 51; at the same time, the plug connectors 52 are electrically connected to a hub 32 through a bus wire harness 33, and the hub 32 is electrically connected to the sub-control module 3 through a sub-wire harness 31, so that the main control module 2 can be electrically connected to the PCBA board 9 to form a detection circuit.

[0028] The two side support frames 6 of each pair are arranged at intervals, and the area between the two side support frames 6 of each pair faces an adapter 5. Refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6, each side support 6 includes a fixed seat 61 and a clamping plate disposed opposite to the positive coupler 5. The fixed seat 61 is spaced from the coupler 5 by a predetermined distance. The fixed seat 61 is in the shape of "┛". The fixed seat 61 has a part parallel to the sliding direction of the main body 51 (i.e., the first direction) and a part perpendicular to the sliding direction of the main body 51 (denoted as the second direction) that are connected to each other. The clamping plate extends from the fixed seat 61 towards the coupler 5. The clamping plate is connected to the fixed seat 61 by an elastic member 68 horizontally disposed along the second direction, where the second direction is as shown in the direction of the straight line b in Figure 3 , and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. The elastic members 68 of the two side supports 6 can squeeze the corresponding clamping plates towards the PCBA board 9, so that the clamping plates of each pair of the two side supports 6 slide towards each other along the second direction, so as to clamp the PCBA board 9 located between the two side supports 6 in the horizontal direction. In this way, the PCBA board 9 can be horizontally clamped from both sides of the PCBA board 9. The plug connector 52 of the coupler 5 is operably horizontally inserted into and electrically connected to the port 91 of the PCBA board 9.

[0029] In one embodiment, the clamping plate includes a moving plate one 62 and a moving plate two 63 that are stacked up and down, and an installation gap is formed between the bottom surface of the moving plate one 62 and the top surface of the moving plate two 63, so as to clamp the PCBA board 9 between the moving plate one 62 and the moving plate two 63 to limit the height direction of the PCBA board 9. The moving plate two 63 is connected to the fixed seat 61. On the side surfaces of the moving plate one 62 and the moving plate two 63 facing each other, there are spaced-apart stoppers 69 arranged. The stoppers 69 of the moving plate one 62 and the stoppers 69 of the moving plate two 63 are arranged in a straight line in an alternating and interspersed manner; in this way, the end face of the stopper 69 connected to the moving plate one 62 will slide in contact with the top surface of the moving plate two 63, and the end face of the stopper 69 connected to the moving plate two 63 will slide in contact with the bottom surface of the moving plate one 62. A stopper 69 fixed on the moving plate two 63 is to be interspersed between two stoppers 69 fixed on the moving plate one 62. In this way, when the PCBA board 9 is placed between the two side supports 6, the stoppers 69 can clamp and fix the PCBA board 9, so that the PCBA board 9 is centered and stably aligned with the coupler 5, ensuring that the plug connector 52 can be smoothly inserted into the port 91 during translation.

[0030] In a further embodiment, some components are welded at the front and rear edge positions of the PCBA board 9, or the entire PCBA board 9 is subjected to moisture-proof processing by glue sealing, resulting in a significant increase in the thickness at the edge positions of the PCBA board 9. In this case, the movable plate 62 needs to move upward relative to the movable plate 63 by a predetermined distance to successfully clamp the PCBA board 9. Based on this, the movable plate 62 is provided with a vertical connecting plate 67, and the connecting plate 67 is provided with an assembly hole 671. The elastic member 68 is a spring with a pin column at its free end. One end of the spring is fixed on the side wall of the fixed seat 61, and the other end (i.e., the free end) of the spring is slidably inserted into the assembly hole 671 through the pin column, so that the elastic member 68 slides vertically along the assembly hole 671. The assembly hole 671 can be a vertical strip-shaped hole, so that the pin column at the free end of the spring can slide vertically in the assembly hole 671. The pin column is a cylinder with a narrowed middle part and a cross-section in the shape of "I". The width of the assembly hole 671 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the narrowed middle part of the pin column but smaller than the outer diameters of both ends of the pin column, preventing it from falling off during sliding. In this way, the sliding connection of the movable plate 62 relative to the fixed seat 61 and the movable plate 63 is achieved. In this way, with the position of the elastic member 68 unchanged, the connecting plate 67 and the movable plate 62 can slide up and down relative to the movable plate 63. The movable plate 63 is provided with a vertical support plate 66, and the support plate 66 is attached to the surface of the connecting plate 67 away from the elastic member 68.

[0031] By designing the assembly hole 671, when the movable plate 62 moves up and down, the elastic member 68 can ensure horizontal stability. Moreover, the support plate 66 and the connecting plate 67 are mutually attached and overlapped. When disassembling and assembling the PCBA board 9, only the movable plate 62 needs to be pushed to compress the elastic member 68 so that the two movable plates 62 are separated to both sides respectively, and the movable plate 63 will stay in place to facilitate receiving the PCBA board 9, leaving the lower part of the PCBA board 9 suspended to avoid damaging the pin solder joints at the lower part of the PCBA board 9. When clamping the PCBA board 9, only the movable plate 62 needs to be relaxed, and the elastic member 68 can press the movable plate 62 and the movable plate 63 towards the PCBA board 9 at the same time. By designing a separate elastic member 68 connected to the movable plate 62, the disassembly, assembly, placement and use of the PCBA board 9 are more flexible.

[0032] In a further embodiment, referring again to Figures 5 to 6, to meet the pressing requirements of the straight edges of the rectangular PCBA board 9, the moving plate one 62 and the moving plate two 63 need to contact the edge of the PCBA board 9. Therefore, the sliding of the moving plate one 62 and the moving plate two 63 needs to be always parallel to ensure uniform contact with the PCBA board 9 placed upright. Among them, a first convex block 64 is provided on the top surface of the fixed seat 61, and a second convex block 65 is provided on the bottom surface of the fixed seat 61. A first sliding opening 621 is provided at the position of the moving plate one 62 corresponding to the first convex block 64, and the first convex block 64 is slidably embedded in the first sliding opening 621 so that the first convex block 64 can horizontally slide along the second direction in the first sliding opening 621. A second sliding opening 631 is provided at the position of the moving plate two 63 corresponding to the second convex block 65, and the second convex block 65 is slidably embedded in the second sliding opening 631 so that the second convex block 65 can horizontally slide along the second direction in the second sliding opening 631. By adopting the method of opening the sliding openings, horizontal guiding is completed, and the structure is simple, the manufacturing is convenient, and the assembly is fast.

[0033] To ensure the smooth insertion of the plug connector 52 into the port 91, a driving frame is also installed on the frame 1. The driving end of the driving frame is installed with a top pressing plate 7 and can operably drive the top pressing plate 7 to move up and down to press and relax the PCBA board 9. The driving frame can adopt a vertical hydraulic cylinder, which is convenient for automatic control. The top pressing plate 7 is located above the side support frame 6 and is provided with a plurality of pressing blocks 77 distributed at intervals at the position facing the side support frame 6. The top pressing plate 7 presses the PCBA board 9 through the moving plate one 62 to limit the height direction of the PCBA board 9. The top pressing plate 7 is provided with an avoidance opening corresponding to the positions of the plug connector 52 and the port 91 of the PCBA board 9 to completely expose the port 91, facilitating the user to observe the insertion situation and timely discover abnormalities.

[0034] In a further embodiment, the driving frame includes a base 71. Refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the upper part of the base 71 is hingedly installed with a driving arm 72. A connecting rod 75 is movably installed near the hinged position of the driving arm 72. The lower end of the connecting rod 75 is rotatably connected with a driven rod 73. The manual driving frame has a simple structure and low manufacturing cost. A damping member 76 is installed in the middle of the connecting rod 75, and the lower end of the damping member 76 is rotatably connected with the base 71. The damping member 76 can ensure the position stability of the driven rod 73 when no external force is applied. In the pressing state, it ensures that the PCBA board 9 is stably pressed. In the lifting state, the top pressing plate 7 can hover above the fixed seat 61, facilitating the disassembly and assembly operation of the PCBA board 9 with both hands leaving the driving arm 72. A reinforcing member 74 is installed between the base 71 and the frame 1, and the reinforcing member 74 can increase the structural strength of the position where the driving frame is installed on the frame 1 and prevent the frame 1 made of acrylic material from being damaged.

[0035] In a further embodiment, to adapt to the frequent plugging and unplugging environment of the test equipment, it is necessary to ensure that the plug connector 52 will not be falsely connected due to electrical contact wear. Refer to Figures 9 to 12, a coupling sleeve 56 is built into the plug connector 52. The coupling sleeve 56 is electrically connected to the sub-control module 3 through the branch wire 54 and the main wire harness 33. The coupling sleeve 56 and the branch wire 54 are connected by soldering. At the socket of the plug connector 52, a relay member 561 is installed on the coupling sleeve 56. At the ends of the relay member 561, elastic deformation sections 562 are symmetrically arranged up and down respectively. At the end of each deformation section 562, a lapping section 563 extends out. A space is formed between the two deformation sections 562 for the pins 93 of the port 91 of the PCBA board 9 to be inserted. The lapping section 563 bends from the end of the corresponding deformation section 562 in the outward expansion direction on both the upper and lower sides to form a channel larger than the opening formed by the ends of the two deformation sections 562.

[0036] A contact member 58 is wrapped and installed on the outer periphery of the deformation section 562. The contact member 58 is made of rubber material. When the plug connector 52 and the port 91 are not tightly inserted, the contact member 58 does not contact the inner wall of the port 91, and the lapping section 563 does not contact the pin 93 either; when the plug connector 52 and the port 91 are tightly inserted, the contact member 58 contacts the inner wall of the port 91. The horizontal inner wall of the port 91 presses the contact member 58, thereby pressing the deformation section 562 towards the pin 93, and the lapping section 563 will contact the pin 93 to complete the electrical connection. The relay member 561, the deformation section 562, and the lapping section 563 of the coupling sleeve 56 are all made of conductive materials. The pin 93 is electrically connected to the main wire harness 33 through the coupling sleeve 56 and the branch wire 54. With this design, when the port 91 and the plug connector 52 are plugged in but the contact member 58 does not contact the port 91, the lapping section 563 does not contact the pin 93, the insertion resistance is small, and there is no wear caused by sliding contact during plugging and unplugging. Only when approaching the fully inserted position, a part of the deformation section 562 and the lapping section 563 will contact the pin 93 for electrical conduction, and they will not contact and slide against each other. In this way, the wear of the deformation section 562 and the lapping section 563 can be reduced, and the stable contact during long-term use can be ensured.

[0037] Refer to Figure 9 , the contact member 58 is installed at the socket of the plug connector 52. The surface of the contact member 58 facing the direction in which the port 91 of the PCBA board 9 is inserted into the plug connector 52 is an arc guiding surface 581. The top wall of the contact member 58 is a flat surface 582, and the flat surface 582 and the arc guiding surface 581 are adjacent. When the port 91 is close to being fully inserted into the plug connector 52, the arc guiding surface 581 of the contact member 58 will contact the horizontal inner wall of the port 91. At this time, the horizontal inner wall of the port 91 presses the arc guiding surface 581 to make the elastic deformation section 562 press towards the pin 93, and the lapping section 563 and the pin 93 are in extrusion contact. Until the port 91 is completely inserted into the plug connector 52, the contact member 58 completely enters the port 91, and the flat surface 582 can contact the horizontal inner wall of the port 91 to ensure the stable position of the deformation section 562.

[0038] In a further embodiment, refer to Figures 9 to 10, the plug connector 52 is built with a position detection member 57, which is arranged at the socket of the plug connector 52. The position detection member 57 includes a fixed contact piece 572 and a movable contact piece 573. The movable contact piece 573 and the fixed contact piece 572 are sequentially erected at the socket of the plug connector 52 along the direction in which the port 91 of the PCBA board 9 is inserted into the plug connector 52, and there is a trigger gap between the fixed contact piece 572 and the movable contact piece 573. An input line 571 is welded and fixed at the end of the fixed contact piece 572, and an output line 574 is welded and fixed at the end of the movable contact piece 573. The input line 571 and the output line 574 are both electrically connected to the MCU of the main control module 2 through the sub-control module 3. When the port 91 is not fully inserted into the plug connector 52, the fixed contact piece 572 and the movable contact piece 573 do not contact each other, and the position detection member 57 is in an open circuit state, generating an electrical signal to prompt that it is not plugged in tightly, and transmitting it to the MCU position, and converting the electrical signal into a digital signal to be displayed on the display screen, prompting the user that the plug is not in place. When the plug connector 52 and the port 91 are fully plugged in, the pin 93 can squeeze the movable contact piece 573 to contact the fixed contact piece 572, so that the input line 571 and the output line 574 are connected to generate a position signal, and the generated signal can be sent to the MCU, and the MCU can convert the received electrical signal into a digital signal and display it on the display screen to prompt that the plug is in place. This can prevent the problem of false detection caused by loose plugging. In addition, an insulating layer 575 is provided on the side of the movable contact piece 573 facing away from the fixed contact piece 572, because the squeezing of the pin 93 is used as the power source for squeezing the movable contact piece 573, and the pin 93 is charged, so the insulating layer 575 prevents the pin 93 from being electrically connected to the movable contact piece 573, preventing a short circuit from affecting the detection result.

[0039] In a further embodiment, referring to Figure 4 , a locking structure 92 is provided on the top surface of the port 91, and the locking structure 92 is a structure provided by the PCBA board 9. In actual use, the locking structure 92 is connected with the connector of the data cable to prevent it from falling off. To unplug the data cable, you need to manually press the free end of the locking structure 92 to unlock it. In order to prevent the locking structure 92 from accidentally getting stuck with the plug connector 52 during the test, which requires external force to intervene to unlock and separate, a notch 55 is provided at the position of the locking structure 92 where the plug connector 52 faces the port 91. The notch 55 is designed to avoid the locking structure 92, so that it can be quickly plugged in and out for testing. The plug connector 52 will not engage with the locking structure 92 during the plugging and unplugging process, which can reduce the plugging and unplugging resistance.

[0040] In a further embodiment, guide frames 53 are fixedly installed on both sides of the main body 51 of the frame 1. Slide pins 511 are installed at both ends of the main body 51. The slide pins 511 at both ends of the main body 51 are respectively slidably connected to the corresponding guide frames 53. The guide frames 53 improve the stability of the horizontal sliding of the main body 51, ensuring more accurate mating of the plug connector 52 with the port 91. They can also reduce the detection wear of the PCBA board 9 and ensure the appearance after factory testing. The plug connector 52 and the main body 51 are detachably connected by a clamping clip 512. In this way, after the plug connector 52 or the main body 51 is damaged, they can be replaced separately, with low maintenance costs.

[0041] Further, referring to Figure 13 , the partial circuits and pins inside a certain MCU (Microcontroller Unit) are as follows: Among them, P0.0 / AD0 / CCP1 can be used as a general-purpose input / output (GPIO), channel 0 of the analog-to-digital converter (ADC0), and the input of the capture comparison PWM module 1 (CCP1); P0.1 / AD1 / TXD can be used as GPIO, channel 1 of the ADC (ADC1), and the transmit data line (TXD) of the UART. P0.2 / AD2 / RXD can be used as GPIO, channel 2 of the ADC (ADC2), and the receive data line (RXD) of the UART; P0.3 / INT0 can be used as the input of external interrupt 0 (INT0), P0.4 / T0 is used as the external counting input of timer 0 (T0), P0.5 / T1 is used as the external counting input of timer 1 (T1), P0.6 / WR is used for the write control signal (WR) of the external memory, P0.7 / RD is used for the read control signal (RD) of the external memory, VCC is the positive power supply, and GND is the ground wire; Similarly, other pins such as the P1.x series also have similar multifunctional characteristics. The specific markings depend on the application requirements of the MCU. For example, when accessing other circuits or accessories, they can be directly used.

[0042] Referring to Figure 14 , Figure 14It is about the output branch built in the sub-control module 3. Among them, the power supply voltage VCC is the positive pole of the power supply, which usually represents the positive terminal of the DC power supply. The diode D8 is of the model 1N4007W. It is used to allow current to flow in one direction and block the current in the reverse direction. The diode D8 is connected in series between the power supply VCC and other circuit components. The resistor R15 is a 10KΩ resistor. It is connected in series between the P3.6 pin of the MCU and the gate of the MOS transistor Q8. Its function is to limit the current and protect the subsequent components from excessive current. The MOS transistor Q8 is an NPN-type MOS transistor, with the model 3401. Its gate is connected to the P3.6 pin of the MCU through the resistor R15, the emitter is grounded (GND), and the collector is connected to the power supply VCC through the diode D8. The function of the MOS transistor Q8 is to act as an electronic switch. The resistor R16 is another 10KΩ resistor. It is connected in series between the emitter of the MOS transistor Q8 and the ground (GND). The resistor R16 is used to stabilize the operating point of the MOS transistor Q8 and prevent thermal runaway. The connector CN9 is a four-pin connector. It is connected to the power supply VCC and the ground (GND). The connector CN9 is used to connect external devices, specifically, it can be a debugging circuit for power-on self-test. GND is the negative pole of the power supply, representing the negative terminal or reference potential of the DC power supply.

[0043] Figure 15 It is the working flowchart of the above PCBA test. As Figure 15 shown, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a PCBA test method. Using the above PCBA test equipment, the above PCBA test equipment pre-programs the pin connecting the MCU and the electronic switch (i.e., the MOS transistor Q8) to be set to high level or low level. Among them, when the pin P3.6 connecting the MCU and the electronic switch is at high level, the current flows into the gate of the electronic switch through R15, making the electronic switch conduct, thus closing the circuit and simulating the closing action of the mechanical switch; when the pin P3.6 connecting the MCU and the electronic switch is at low level, no current flows into the gate of the electronic switch, and the electronic switch is cut off, thus disconnecting the circuit and simulating the opening action of the mechanical switch. The PCBA test method includes the following steps: Power on the PCBA test equipment. After the MCU is powered on, it starts to run and initializes all relevant pins; Electrically connect to the port 91 of the PCBA board 9 through the plug 52. The MCU issues a switch command to make the electronic switch act and transmit the signal to the PCBA board; specifically, the conduction and cut-off of the electronic switch can be controlled by changing the level of the P3.6 pin, thus simulating the action of the mechanical switch and transmitting the signal to the PCBA board 9; Monitor the response of the circuit. The built-in program of the MCU determines whether the PCBA board 9 meets the expectations, and displays it in real time through the meter head and the display screen. The memory stores the abnormal test results in real time. Specifically, monitor and read the response of the circuit through port 91 to read the status of the PCBA board 9; upload the read data to the MCU, and the built-in program of the MCU determines whether the electrical performance of the PCBA board 9 is normal and whether the PCBA board meets the expectations, so as to complete the corresponding test; then intuitively display the test results through the meter head 4 and the display screen, which is convenient for the user to judge whether the electrical performance of the PCBA board 9 is normal and whether the PCBA board meets the expectations. In addition, the memory stores the abnormal test results in real time, which is convenient for connecting external devices to retrieve data.

[0044] The above steps can be repeated multiple times to ensure the reliability of the test results. In this way, the MCU can accurately control the on and off of the electronic switch tube, so as to realize the automatic test of the PCBA board 9. This method not only improves the test efficiency but also reduces the error of manual operation.

[0045] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A PCBA testing device, characterized in that, Including: A frame, on which a main control module and at least one sub-control module are provided. The main control module is internally provided with an MCU, a display screen and a memory, and both the display screen and the memory are electrically connected to the MCU; the sub-control module is internally provided with an electronic switching tube, and the electronic switching tube is electrically connected to the MCU; At least one adapter, the adapter includes a main body and a plug, the main body is slidably mounted on the frame so that the main body can operably slide horizontally along a first direction, the plug is mounted on the main body, and the plug is electrically connected to the sub-control module; At least a pair of side brackets, two side brackets of each pair are arranged at intervals, the area between two side brackets of each pair faces one adapter, each side bracket includes a fixed seat and a clamping plate, the fixed seat is spaced from the adapter by a predetermined distance, the clamping plate extends from the fixed seat towards the adapter, the clamping plate is connected to the fixed seat by an elastic member horizontally arranged along a second direction, the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, so that the clamping plates of two side brackets of each pair slide along the second direction respectively to clamp a PCBA board located between the two side brackets in the horizontal direction, and the plug of the adapter can operably be horizontally inserted into and electrically connected to the port of the PCBA board.

2. The PCBA testing device according to claim 1, wherein, The clamping plate includes a first moving plate and a second moving plate which are stacked up and down, the second moving plate is connected to the fixed seat, on the side surfaces of the first moving plate and the second moving plate facing each other, there are blocking blocks distributed at intervals, and the blocking blocks of the first moving plate and the blocking blocks of the second moving plate are arranged in a straight line in an alternating and interlaced manner in sequence. The first moving plate is provided with a vertical connecting plate, the connecting plate is provided with an assembly hole, one end of the elastic member is fixedly connected to the fixed seat, and the other end of the elastic member is embedded in the assembly hole so that the elastic member slides vertically along the assembly hole. The second moving plate is provided with a vertical support plate, and the support plate is attached to the side surface of the connecting plate away from the elastic member.

3. The PCBA testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, On the top surface of the fixed seat, there is a first convex block, and on the bottom surface of the fixed seat, there is a second convex block. The first moving plate is provided with a first sliding opening at the position corresponding to the first convex block, and the first convex block can be horizontally slidably embedded into the first sliding opening along the second direction. The second moving plate is provided with a second sliding opening at the position corresponding to the second convex block, and the second convex block can be horizontally slidably embedded into the second sliding opening along the second direction.

4. The PCBA testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A driving frame is also installed on the frame, a pressing plate is installed at the driving end of the driving frame and can operably drive the pressing plate to move up and down. The pressing plate is located above the side bracket and is provided with a plurality of pressing blocks distributed at intervals at the position facing the side bracket.

5. The PCBA testing device according to claim 4, wherein, The driving frame includes a base, an active arm is hingedly installed on the upper part of the base, a connecting rod is movably installed near the hinged position of the active arm, the lower end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to a driven rod, the bottom end of the driven rod is connected to the pressing plate, a damping member is installed in the middle of the connecting rod, and the lower end of the damping member is rotatably connected to the base.

6. The PCBA testing device according to claim 1, wherein The plug-in connector is internally provided with a coupling sleeve, the coupling sleeve is electrically connected to the sub-control module, a relay member is installed at the socket of the plug-in connector, elastic deformation sections are symmetrically arranged at the upper and lower ends of the relay member, and a lapping section extends from the end of each elastic deformation section. A space for inserting the pins of the port of the PCBA board is formed between the two elastic deformation sections, and the lapping section bends from the end of the corresponding elastic deformation section in the outward expansion direction of the upper and lower sides to form a channel larger than the opening formed by the ends of the two elastic deformation sections.

7. The PCBA testing device according to claim 6, wherein, A contact member is wrapped and installed on the outer periphery of the elastic deformation section. One side surface of the contact member facing the direction in which the port of the PCBA board is inserted into the plug-in connector is an arc guide surface, and the top wall of the contact member is a plane. In the state where the port of the PCBA board is completely inserted into the plug-in connector, the top wall of the port of the PCBA board presses the elastic deformation section through the top wall of the contact member, so that the corresponding lapping section contacts the pins in the port of the PCBA board.

8. The PCBA testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The plug-in connector is internally provided with a position detection member, the position detection member includes a moving contact piece and a fixed contact piece, the moving contact piece and the fixed contact piece are sequentially erected at the socket of the plug-in connector along the direction in which the port of the PCBA board is inserted into the plug-in connector, a triggering gap is provided between the fixed contact piece and the moving contact piece, an input wire is welded and fixed at the end of the fixed contact piece, an output wire is welded and fixed at the end of the moving contact piece, both the input wire and the output wire are electrically connected to the sub-control module, and an insulating layer is provided on the side of the moving contact piece facing away from the fixed contact piece.

9. The PCBA testing device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Guide frames are respectively fixedly installed on both sides of the main body of the frame, sliding pins are installed at both ends of the main body, the sliding pins at both ends of the main body are respectively slidably connected to the corresponding guide frames, and the plug-in connector and the main body are detachably connected through a clamp.

10. A PCBA testing method, using the PCBA testing device according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the PCBA testing device pre-programs the pins connecting the MCU and the electronic switch tube to a high level or a low level, where When the pin of the MCU connected to the electronic switch tube is at a high level, current flows into the gate of the electronic switch tube, causing the electronic switch tube to conduct, thereby simulating the closing action of a mechanical switch; when the pin of the MCU connected to the electronic switch tube is at a low level, no current flows into the gate of the electronic switch tube, and the electronic switch tube is cut off, thereby simulating the opening action of a mechanical switch; characterized in that, the PCBA testing method includes the following steps: Power on the PCBA testing device, after the MCU is powered on, it starts to run and initializes all relevant pins; Electrically connect with the port of the PCBA board through the plug-in connector, the MCU issues a switch command to make the electronic switch tube act and transmit the signal to the PCBA board; Monitor the response of the circuit, the built-in program of the MCU judges whether the PCBA board meets the expectation, and displays it in real time through the meter head and the display screen, and the memory stores the abnormal test results in real time.

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