Risk assessment method and system for chemical leakage

Abstract

The invention discloses a risk assessment method and system for chemical leakage, and relates to the technical field of risk assessment. A risk assessment system for chemical leakage comprises a chemical three-dimensional construction module, a chemical leakage simulation module and a chemical leakage assessment module. According to the method, the chemical three-dimensional distribution model is constructed, so that the types, reserves and space structures of the chemicals in the region are comprehensively perceived, and the authenticity and space accuracy of leakage simulation are enhanced; a chemical compatibility matrix and a logic adjacency chain diagram are introduced, so that a potential chain reaction path is effectively identified, and the pre-judgment capability of a complex accident coupling risk is improved; a leakage space prototype is set based on a leakage point, and a surrounding building model is constructed, so that risk assessment has structured and local response capabilities, and the comprehensive influence of building purposes, function sensitivity and exposure conditions can be reflected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of risk assessment, and in particular to a risk assessment method and system for chemical leakage. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of industrial parks, chemical plants and urban functional mixed areas, the secondary disasters caused by chemical leakage show a trend of diversification, chain reaction and complexity. Traditional risk assessment methods mostly focus on the simulation of the leakage and diffusion of single chemicals, ignoring the incompatible reaction relationships, spatial layout structures among chemicals in the region, and the comprehensive impacts on surrounding buildings and social systems. At the same time, existing risk assessments are mostly static displays, lacking comprehensive consideration of non-chemical risk factors and being difficult to meet the high requirements of urban emergency linkage and intelligent response.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to design a comprehensive chemical leakage risk assessment method that integrates chemical properties, spatial structure, chain reaction, non-chemical system impacts and can output a multi-dimensional grading map. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a risk assessment method and system for chemical leakage, which integrates the assessment of chemical risks and non-chemical system impacts.

[0005] A risk assessment method for chemical leakage includes the following steps: Obtain all types of chemicals, corresponding chemical reserves, physical states and chemical spatial distributions in the current area, and construct a three-dimensional chemical distribution model; based on the three-dimensional chemical distribution model, construct a chemical compatibility matrix and a chemical logical adjacency chain diagram; Simulate a certain type of chemical as the leaking chemical and simulate the chemical leakage conditions of the leaking chemical; Based on the leakage point of the leaking chemical, set a leakage space prototype in the three-dimensional chemical distribution model; within the leakage space prototype, integrate a circle with the leakage point as the center and a radius of R i Construct a chemical surrounding building model X i , i = 1, 2,..., I; R I is the maximum diffusion range of the leaking chemical; Based on the chemical surrounding building model X i , and the chemical leakage conditions, conduct a risk assessment to obtain the risk assessment result of the leaking chemical; make a judgment according to the risk assessment result of the leaking chemical to obtain the non-chemical risk assessment result; Traverse and simulate all chemicals in the current area, output a regional chemical risk grading map based on the non-chemical risk assessment result and the risk assessment result of the leaking chemical, and determine the actual chemical leakage treatment strategy according to the regional chemical risk grading map.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the specific steps of constructing a three-dimensional chemical distribution model, a chemical compatibility matrix and a chemical logical adjacency chain diagram include: Establish chemical three-dimensional coordinate information based on chemical spatial distribution; establish chemical geometric model based on physical state and chemical reserves; integrate chemical three-dimensional coordinate information and chemical geometric model to build chemical three-dimensional distribution model using digital twin technology; Based on all types of chemicals, construct a complete set of chemicals C, C = {C j |j=1,2,…,J};C j is a certain chemical, J is the total number of all types of chemicals; Obtain the compatibility database of standard chemicals and construct a comparative compatibility matrix M[j][q] based on the compatibility database of standard chemicals, where j represents chemical C j , q represents chemical C q , q=1, 2, …, J, q≠j; M[j][q]∈{0, 1, 2, …, N}, N is the chemical reaction interaction state; based on all the comparison compatibility matrices M[j][q], the chemical compatibility matrix is ​​obtained; Identify the shared chain G[j][q] in the three-dimensional distribution model of chemicals, and use the shared chain G[j][q] as the adjacent edge. j As nodes, a logical adjacency chain graph of chemicals is obtained.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, based on the chemical surrounding building model X i , specific steps for risk assessment of chemical release conditions, including: Chemical leakage conditions include leakage source type and leakage external parameters; Identify Chemicals Around Building Model X i All types of building complexes in the system are identified, and different functional sensitivity factors are set for different building complexes; based on the building complex, the building structure of the building complex is identified, and different propagation impact factors are set for different building complex structures; Determine the auxiliary conditions for chemical reactions based on the external parameters of the leakage; generate an auxiliary condition reaction set based on the auxiliary conditions for chemical reactions in the chemical logic adjacency chain graph; Construct the spatiotemporal propagation path of leaked chemicals based on auxiliary condition reaction set and chemical leakage conditions; Building Models Around Chemicals X i In the process, the chemical leakage risk result Z is evaluated based on the functional sensitivity factor, transmission impact factor, and the spatiotemporal transmission path of the chemical. i ; Comprehensive all chemical leakage risk results Z i, the risk assessment result of the leaked chemical is obtained.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, judging according to the risk assessment result of the leaked chemical, the specific steps for obtaining the non-chemical risk assessment result include: Construct a non-chemical result mapping table based on expert experience; Based on the chemical leakage risk result Z i Use the non-chemical result mapping table to perform result mapping to obtain the non-chemical impact result F i ; In the chemical surrounding building model X i Obtain the actual risk perception value and the public risk perception value; obtain the perception deviation map T based on the actual risk perception value and the public risk perception value i ; Based on the perception deviation map T i and the non-chemical impact result F i Perform predictive evolution to obtain the predicted non-chemical risk assessment result Y i ; Integrate all the predicted non-chemical risk assessment results Y i , to obtain the non-chemical risk assessment result.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the specific steps for outputting the regional chemical risk level map based on the non-chemical risk assessment result and the risk assessment result of the leaked chemical include: According to different chemical surrounding building models X i , output the leakage response ability Y i ; According to all the non-chemical risk assessment results, the risk assessment results of the leaked chemical and the leakage response ability Y within the current region i Perform weighted analysis to obtain the regional chemical risk level D i ; According to all the regional chemical risk levels D i Perform superposition to obtain the regional chemical risk level map.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, use a swarm optimization algorithm to simulate the chemical leakage conditions of the leaked chemical.

[0011] A risk assessment system for chemical leakage, comprising: A chemical three-dimensional construction module, including a three-dimensional construction unit, used to obtain all types of chemicals and the corresponding chemical reserves, physical states and chemical spatial distributions within the current region, and construct a chemical three-dimensional distribution model; based on the chemical three-dimensional distribution model, construct a chemical compatibility matrix and a chemical logical adjacency chain diagram; Chemical leakage simulation module, including a leakage simulation unit, which is used to simulate a certain type of chemical as the leaked chemical and simulate the chemical leakage conditions of the leaked chemical; based on the leakage point of the leaked chemical, set a leakage space prototype in the three-dimensional chemical distribution model; within the leakage space prototype, integrate a circle with the leakage point as the center and a radius of R i Construct a chemical surrounding building model X i , i = 1, 2,..., I; R I is the maximum diffusion range of the leaked chemical; Chemical leakage assessment module, including a chemical risk assessment unit, a non-chemical risk assessment unit and a comprehensive response assessment unit; the chemical risk assessment unit is used to conduct a risk assessment based on the chemical surrounding building model X i , the chemical leakage conditions, and obtain the risk assessment result of the leaked chemical; the non-chemical risk assessment unit is used to make a judgment based on the risk assessment result of the leaked chemical to obtain the non-chemical risk assessment result; the comprehensive response assessment unit is used to traverse and simulate all chemicals in the current area, output a regional chemical risk level map based on the non-chemical risk assessment result and the risk assessment result of the leaked chemical, and determine the actual chemical leakage treatment strategy according to the regional chemical risk level map.

[0012] The present invention has the following advantages: 1. By constructing a three-dimensional chemical distribution model, the present invention realizes a comprehensive perception of the chemical types, storage quantities and spatial structures in the area, enhances the authenticity and spatial accuracy of leakage simulation; introduces a chemical compatibility matrix and a logical adjacency chain diagram to effectively identify potential chain reaction paths and improve the pre-judgment ability of complex accident coupling risks; sets a leakage space prototype based on the leakage point and constructs a surrounding building model, enabling risk assessment to have a structured and local response ability, and being able to reflect the comprehensive influence of building uses, functional sensitivities and exposure conditions.

[0013] 2. By further combining the chemical propagation path and the public perception difference, the present invention establishes a non-chemical risk assessment mechanism, realizing an extended modeling from physical hazards to social impacts; finally, generates a regional chemical risk level map through multi-source risk fusion, providing a response strategy support for emergency management at different levels and regions, and significantly improving the early warning accuracy, response efficiency and decision-making scientificity of chemical leakage incidents. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0014] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a risk assessment system for chemical leakage adopted in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0015] In order to enable persons skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0016] Embodiment 1, a method for risk assessment of chemical leakage, comprising the following steps: Obtain all types of chemicals in the current area and the corresponding chemical reserves, physical states and chemical spatial distribution, and build a three-dimensional chemical distribution model; based on the three-dimensional chemical distribution model, build a chemical compatibility matrix and a chemical logical adjacency chain diagram; The specific steps of constructing the three-dimensional distribution model of chemicals, the chemical compatibility matrix and the chemical logical adjacency chain diagram include: Establish three-dimensional coordinate information of chemicals based on their spatial distribution; establish a chemical geometry model based on their physical state and chemical reserves; integrate the three-dimensional coordinate information of chemicals and the chemical geometry model to construct a three-dimensional distribution model of chemicals using digital twin technology; In order to achieve accurate spatial modeling of chemical leakage risks in the region, it is first necessary to obtain basic data on all chemicals in the current region, including chemical name, type, reserves, physical state (gas, liquid, solid), storage container type, pressure state, storage temperature and other information. This information comes from the management system of the factory where the chemicals are located. In terms of construction methods, geographic information systems or other available modeling methods can be used as the base map, combined with the actual storage location coordinates of the chemicals in space, and the container geometric parameters (such as tank diameter, height, etc.), to model each chemical as a three-dimensional space node; in areas where chemicals are densely accumulated, octree segmentation or rasterization methods can be used for spatial index optimization, and digital twin technology can be used to obtain the final three-dimensional distribution model of chemicals.

[0017] Based on all types of chemicals, construct a complete set of chemicals C, C = {C j |j=1,2,…,J};C j is a certain chemical, J is the total number of all types of chemicals; Extract all the chemical types involved in the current area, remove duplicates and form a complete set of chemicals C. Each element contains information such as its chemical name, category, state, source location, storage conditions, etc. This complete set serves as the basis for constructing the compatibility matrix and adjacency chain graph; Obtain the compatibility database of standard chemicals and construct a comparative compatibility matrix M[j][q] based on the compatibility database of standard chemicals, where j represents chemical C j , q represents chemical C q, q = 1, 2, …, J, q ≠ j; M[j][q] ∈ {0, 1, 2, …, N}, where N is the chemical reaction interaction state; based on all the comparison compatibility matrices M[j][q], a chemical compatibility matrix is obtained; For example, the chemical reaction interaction state can be set as follows: 0 represents complete compatibility; 1 represents slight heat release after contact; 2 represents strong heat release / toxic gas release; 3 represents explosion risk; N can be extended to more reaction states; it is set after being determined by professional technicians; Identify the shared chain G[j][q] in the chemical three-dimensional distribution model, and use the shared chain G[j][q] as the adjacent edge, with chemical C j as the node to obtain the chemical logical adjacent chain diagram; In the chemical three-dimensional distribution model, analyze the process path, control system, spatial layout, or functional coupling relationship between various chemicals, identify potential shared chain relationships, and use them as logical connection edges; The types of shared chains include but are not limited to: two chemicals sharing a pipeline or valve system, using the same reaction kettle or heat exchanger, being at the same operation process node, being stored in adjacent permeable areas, etc.

[0018] Simulate a certain type of chemical as the leaked chemical and simulate the chemical leakage conditions of the leaked chemical; Use the swarm optimization algorithm to simulate the chemical leakage conditions of the leaked chemical; The chemical leakage conditions include the leakage source type and leakage external parameters; For any one of the chemicals, use it as the leakage simulation target; Simulating the chemical leakage conditions aims to generate a multi-parameter input set that highly approximates the real situation, which is used to drive subsequent diffusion prediction, building exposure assessment, and non-chemical impact modeling; The leakage source type is identified according to the existence form of the chemical in the storage system, such as sudden situations like storage tank rupture, pipeline rupture, valve failure, gas cylinder release, or dropping during transportation; The leakage external parameters include external meteorological factors, atmospheric stability level, density of surrounding obstacles or ventilation structure, terrain slope or ground structure, etc.; In order to obtain leakage input parameters closer to the real situation and at the same time adapt to the high-dimensional uncertainty of complex environmental variables, the swarm intelligence optimization algorithm is used to optimize and generate the leakage parameters. This method can avoid the uncertainty of manually setting parameters, and the purpose is to generate the most representative combination of real leakage scenario parameters; First, set the input parameter set required for the leakage scenario, including but not limited to the leakage orifice diameter, initial leakage pressure, leakage rate, duration, external wind speed, wind direction angle, ambient temperature, etc. Each combination of parameters constitutes an iterative individual, representing a complete leakage scenario. All parameters are normalized within the set physically feasible range for population initialization. Based on the historical leakage accident database, extract parameter samples under similar working conditions, and establish a probability density function through multivariate kernel density estimation. This function represents the similarity of a certain combination of parameters in history, that is, the degree of simulation of the real situation. Randomly generate an initial population, select a suitable population optimization algorithm (such as the particle swarm algorithm, genetic algorithm), simulate its leakage diffusion behavior, and use this probability density as the objective function value to drive population update. The higher the fitness, the more the individual conforms to the historical real leakage scenario. When the fitness converges, the population does not improve for multiple generations or reaches the maximum number of iterations, terminate the optimization process. Output one or more groups of optimal parameter sets for obtaining chemical leakage conditions.

[0019] Based on the leakage point of the leaked chemical, set the leakage space prototype in the three-dimensional distribution model of the chemical. Inside the leakage space prototype, fuse a circle with the leakage point as the center and a radius of R i Construct the chemical's surrounding building model X i , i = 1, 2,..., I; R I is the maximum diffusion range of the leaked chemical; R i The value of increases sequentially as i increases; After determining the target leaked chemical, first use its storage location in the three-dimensional distribution model as the leakage source point, which is usually the physical coordinates of a storage tank, pipeline node, or valve and can be directly extracted from the three-dimensional chemical layout model. Based on the chemical leakage conditions, determine the maximum diffusion radius of the chemical in the current environment to limit the leakage impact space; In the leakage space prototype, identify all building units that intersect or are surrounded by it, and construct the chemical's surrounding building model by dividing with the radius; Based on the chemical's surrounding building model X i , and the chemical leakage conditions, conduct a risk assessment to obtain the risk assessment result of the leaked chemical; make a judgment based on the risk assessment result of the leaked chemical to obtain the non-chemical risk assessment result; Based on the chemical's surrounding building model X i , and the specific steps for conducting a risk assessment based on the chemical leakage conditions include: The chemical leakage conditions include the leakage source type and external leakage parameters; Identify the chemical's surrounding building model X iFor all types of building complexes, different function sensitivity factors are set for different building complexes; based on the identification of the building structure of the building complex, different propagation influence factors are set for different building complex structures; Function identification is carried out on all building units in the building model around the chemical. Hospitals, schools, nursing homes, etc. can be marked as high-sensitivity areas according to the surrounding building functions, office buildings and dormitories as medium-sensitivity areas, and warehouses or enclosed equipment rooms as low-sensitivity areas. Different function sensitivity factors are set according to the building type, and the specific values are set manually; At the same time, analyze the physical structure characteristics of each building, including whether there is protective shielding, airtightness, ventilation system layout, building orientation, window density, etc., and evaluate its propagation ability for gas chemical leakage to obtain the propagation influence factor; Determine the chemical reaction auxiliary conditions based on the external leakage parameters; in the chemical logic adjacency chain diagram, generate an auxiliary condition reaction set according to the chemical reaction auxiliary conditions; On this basis, combined with the external leakage parameters, judge whether the leakage environment constitutes an auxiliary condition for chemical reactions; for example, triggering factors such as high temperature, strong light, contact with water or vibration, use the triggering conditions in the chemical compatibility matrix to screen the reaction types that may be activated in the current environment, and then in the chemical logic adjacency chain diagram, extract all adjacent chemical nodes connected to the leakage substance, and judge whether the triggering conditions are met, so as to generate an auxiliary condition reaction set; this auxiliary condition reaction set is a set of chemicals that may have a linkage reaction with the leakage substance in the current environment and has the ability to construct a chain reaction path; Construct the time-space propagation path of the leaking chemical according to the auxiliary condition reaction set and the chemical leakage conditions; Based on the initial point of the leakage source, external meteorological parameters in the chemical leakage conditions and the auxiliary condition reaction set, construct a time-space propagation path model of the leaking chemical. This path model not only includes the initial diffusion trajectory, but also combines the position and triggering delay of potential reaction nodes for propagation simulation; use the time series reasoning algorithm to calculate the propagation speed, reaction activation time and propagation superposition radius to form a dynamic time-space chain propagation path, which is used to represent the influence range and influence time series of the leaking chemical in space; in the time-space propagation path of the chemical, add the chemical hazard degree calculated based on the auxiliary condition reaction set; In the building model X around the chemical i evaluate the chemical leakage risk result Z according to the function sensitivity factor, propagation influence factor, and time-space propagation path of the chemical i ; Based on the temporality of the spatio-temporal propagation path of chemicals, by simulating the time evolution process of the propagation path, it is possible to track how long the building models around the chemicals are first covered by the leaked air mass, toxic cloud or heat flow, and accordingly determine the risk response time window of the building models around the chemicals, that is, the first hit time, which is the shortest time from the start of the leak to the building being first affected by the pollutants, directly relating the emergency response time limit to the risk priority; after obtaining the coverage time of the building models around the chemicals, it is integrated with the hazard level of the chemicals. Each building in the building models around the chemicals has an independent functional sensitivity factor, which is used to reflect the vulnerability of its use to the chemical leakage risk; there is also a propagation impact factor, which is used to comprehensively represent the concentration intensity, ventilation conditions, structure shielding ability, etc. when the building is exposed; based on the above parameters, the four key factors: coverage time, chemical hazard, functional sensitivity and propagation impact intensity are coupled to form the final chemical leakage risk result Z i ; The chemical leakage risk result Z i The value of can reflect the spatio-temporal impact intensity of the leaked substance on a specific building or area. Its result not only reflects the dynamic characteristic that the faster it is covered, the higher the risk, but also significantly amplifies the risk level of the hazards such as toxicity, flammability, explosiveness, etc. of the chemical itself through the weighting factor; at the same time, the functional sensitivity factor based on the building use is used as the decision-making basis for response priority, so that highly sensitive buildings such as hospitals and schools have values far higher than those of general industrial factories or storage areas when exposed early, thus realizing the accurate risk expression of the multi-dimensional integration of space, time, chemical properties and social functions; Integrating all the chemical leakage risk results Z i , the risk assessment result of the leaked chemical is obtained; integrating all the chemical leakage risk results, rising from the risk scores at the micro building or unit level to the macro regional scale, comprehensively assessing the overall harm degree caused by the leaked chemical in the current scenario; it not only reflects the propagation breadth and intensity of the chemical in the actual layout environment, but also integrates its influence depth on different types of buildings.

[0020] Judging according to the risk assessment result of the leaked chemical, the specific steps to obtain the non-chemical risk assessment result include: Constructing a non-chemical result mapping table based on expert experience; Based on the chemical leakage risk result Z i Using the non-chemical result mapping table to perform result mapping to obtain the non-chemical impact result F i ; The non-chemical result mapping table can be established based on a historical event regression model or an expert scoring model, and is used to reflect the intensity levels of various social responses that may occur under different risk intensities. The mapping table is stored in a two-dimensional structure, with the horizontal axis representing different levels of leakage risk values and the vertical axis representing the non-chemical impact items that may be triggered; for example, the chemical leakage risk result Z i When it is relatively high, it may cause relatively serious impacts on the surrounding environment, and is quantitatively evaluated by professional technical personnel to obtain the quantitative value of the non-chemical impact result; in the chemical peripheral building model X i the actual risk perception value and the public risk perception value are obtained; based on the actual risk perception value and the public risk perception value, a perception deviation map T i is obtained; the actual risk perception value comes from the actual chemical leakage impact ability within the chemical peripheral building model, and the public risk perception value comes from the emotional externalization reaction of the public to chemical leakage reactions in historical data; for example, although some chemicals are extremely low-toxic or harmless themselves, due to their strong or pungent odors, they may trigger certain risk events after leakage, and the non-chemical risks of such chemicals are very high; The difference between the two constitutes the perception deviation value, and all deviation values form a perception deviation map in space; Based on the perception deviation map T i and the non-chemical impact result F i predictive evolution is carried out to obtain the predicted non-chemical risk assessment result Y i ; the perception deviation map reflects the result of the non-chemical risk evolving non-linearly when the public is overly sensitive or insufficiently aware of the risk; based on the perception deviation map and the non-chemical impact result, by constructing a time-series propagation network, taking the perception deviation map as the node attribute perturbation factor, inputting it into the public response propagation model, using multi-agent simulation or graph neural network to dynamically simulate the changes in public behavior, and at the same time crowd density data and historical risk response feedback, by iteratively updating the node state and edge propagation weights, generating the response delay index and potential disruption level of each building or functional area in the region, and finally outputting the predicted non-chemical risk assessment result; Integrating all the predicted non-chemical risk assessment results Y i to obtain the non-chemical risk assessment result; it can comprehensively evaluate the non-chemical impacts caused by chemical leakage events at the macroscopic scale, that is, the secondary social impacts. By weighted integration of all the predicted non-chemical risk assessment results, combined with factors such as its functional level, population density, regional influence, and propagation centrality, a unified non-chemical risk assessment result is formed, which reflects the overall intensity of some non-physical risk consequences that may be triggered by chemical leakage under specific circumstances, and is a systematic measure of the ability of the chemical to cause secondary social risks in a specific environment.

[0021] Traverse and simulate all chemicals in the current area, output a regional chemical risk level map based on the non-chemical risk assessment results and the risk assessment results of leaked chemicals, and determine the actual chemical leak handling strategy according to the regional chemical risk level map; The specific steps for outputting a regional chemical risk level map based on the non-chemical risk assessment results and the risk assessment results of leaked chemicals include: According to the building model X around different chemicals i output the leakage response ability Y i ; The leakage response ability represents the comprehensive resistance level of the building or area in terms of response resources, physical protection structure, evacuation routes, emergency mechanisms and historical response efficiency after a leakage occurs; Based on all the non-chemical risk assessment results, the risk assessment results of leaked chemicals and the leakage response ability Y in the current area i conduct a weighted analysis to obtain the regional chemical risk level D i ; The weighted analysis method can use the analytic hierarchy process to determine the weights; The regional chemical risk level unifies the data of the three evaluation dimensions in the same risk level scoring system; According to all the regional chemical risk levels D i perform superposition to obtain a regional chemical risk level map; After obtaining the regional chemical risk levels of all units, map them to the digital twin model according to the geographical spatial distribution, perform a spatial superposition operation, and generate a regional chemical risk level map marked with different colors of regional chemical risk levels; In this embodiment, when determining the actual chemical leak handling strategy according to the regional chemical risk level map, a comprehensive decision-making method based on spatial level recognition, risk linkage deduction and response resource matching can be adopted; Cluster and identify different level areas in the regional chemical risk level map, and combine the functional building types, personnel density, historical accident records and resource accessibility covered by them to form risk response blocks with semantic features; According to the risk level distribution pattern and spatial relationship of these blocks, use a rule engine or a logical judgment model to formulate hierarchical disposal strategies step by step; For example: For the red high-risk area, immediately close the leakage area and the surrounding roads, organize the personnel in the chemical plant area to evacuate according to the preset evacuation route, set up a warning area at the leakage point, implement leakage source isolation, and at the same time start the emergency command center in the chemical plant to coordinate medical and fire forces to carry out disposal; For the orange medium-risk area, start the in-plant broadcast notification system in the chemical plant, divert traffic, deploy the medical points in the chemical plant area to enter a state of alert, keep information transparent and closely monitor the diffusion dynamics; For the yellow and green low-risk areas, maintain the production or on-duty state, and combine gas monitoring to track the risk boundary in real time to ensure the overall operation order of the plant area and the safety of personnel; The specific chemical leak handling strategy is adjusted by experienced personnel in this field according to the actual situation.

[0022] Example 2. A risk assessment system for chemical leakage, see Figure 1 as shown in the figure, including: A three-dimensional chemical construction module, including a three-dimensional construction unit, which is used to obtain all types of chemicals, corresponding chemical reserves, physical states, and chemical spatial distributions in the current area, and construct a three-dimensional chemical distribution model; based on the three-dimensional chemical distribution model, construct a chemical compatibility matrix and a chemical logical adjacency chain diagram; A chemical leakage simulation module, including a leakage simulation unit, which is used to simulate a certain type of chemical as a leakage chemical and simulate the chemical leakage conditions of the leakage chemical; based on the leakage point of the leakage chemical, set a leakage space prototype in the three-dimensional chemical distribution model; in the leakage space prototype, fuse a circle with the leakage point as the center and a radius of R i Construct a chemical surrounding building model X i , i = 1, 2,..., I; R I is the maximum diffusion range of the leakage chemical; A chemical leakage assessment module, including a chemical risk assessment unit, a non-chemical risk assessment unit, and a comprehensive response assessment unit; the chemical risk assessment unit is used to conduct a risk assessment based on the chemical surrounding building model X i and the chemical leakage conditions to obtain a risk assessment result of the leakage chemical; the non-chemical risk assessment unit is used to make a judgment based on the risk assessment result of the leakage chemical to obtain a non-chemical risk assessment result; the comprehensive response assessment unit is used to traverse and simulate all chemicals in the current area, output a regional chemical risk level map based on the non-chemical risk assessment result and the risk assessment result of the leakage chemical, and determine an actual chemical leakage treatment strategy according to the regional chemical risk level map.

[0023] It should be understood that for those of ordinary skill in the art, improvements or transformations can be made according to the above description, and all such improvements and transformations should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention. The parts not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art well-known to those of ordinary skill in the art.

Claims

1. A risk assessment method for chemical leakage, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Obtain all types of chemicals, corresponding chemical reserves, physical states, and chemical spatial distributions within the current area, and construct a three-dimensional chemical distribution model; based on the three-dimensional chemical distribution model, construct a chemical compatibility matrix and a chemical logical adjacency chain diagram; Simulate a certain type of chemical as the leaked chemical and simulate the chemical leakage conditions of the leaked chemical; Based on the leakage point of the leaked chemical, set the leakage space prototype in the three-dimensional chemical distribution model; within the leakage space prototype, integrate a circle with the leakage point as the center and a radius of R i Construct the chemical surrounding building model X i , i = 1, 2,..., I; R I is the maximum diffusion range of the leaked chemical; Risk assessment is carried out based on the chemical surrounding building model X i and the chemical leakage conditions to obtain the risk assessment results of the leaked chemicals; judgment is made according to the risk assessment results of the leaked chemicals to obtain the non-chemical risk assessment results; Traverse and simulate all chemicals within the current area, output a regional chemical risk level map based on the non-chemical risk assessment results and the leaked chemical risk assessment results, and determine the actual chemical leakage treatment strategy according to the regional chemical risk level map.

2. The risk assessment method for chemical leakage according to claim 1, wherein The specific steps for constructing the three-dimensional chemical distribution model, chemical compatibility matrix, and chemical logical adjacency chain diagram include: Establish three-dimensional coordinate information of chemicals based on the chemical spatial distribution; establish a chemical geometric body model based on the physical state and chemical reserves; fuse the three-dimensional coordinate information of chemicals and the chemical geometric body model and use digital twin technology to construct a three-dimensional chemical distribution model; Based on all types of chemicals, construct the complete set of chemicals C, C = {C j | j = 1, 2, …, J}; C j is a certain chemical, and J is the total number of all types of chemicals; Obtain a standard chemical compatibility database, and construct a comparison compatibility matrix M[j][q] based on the standard chemical compatibility database, where j represents chemical C j , q represents chemical C q , q = 1, 2, …, J, q ≠ j; M[j][q] ∈ {0, 1, 2, …, N}, N is the chemical reaction interaction state; Based on all comparison compatibility matrices M[j][q], obtain the chemical compatibility matrix; Identify the shared chain G[j][q] in the three-dimensional chemical distribution model, and use the shared chain G[j][q] as an adjacent edge, with chemical C j as a node to obtain the chemical logical adjacent chain graph.

3. The risk assessment method for chemical leakage according to claim 2, wherein, Risk assessment specific steps based on the chemical surrounding building model X i , including the following steps for risk assessment under chemical leakage conditions: The chemical leakage conditions include the type of leakage source and external leakage parameters; Identify the building model X around the chemical i All types of building groups in it, set different function sensitivity factors for different building groups; Based on the identification of the building groups, identify the building structures of the building groups, and set different propagation influence factors for different building structures of the building groups; Determine the chemical reaction auxiliary conditions based on the external leakage parameters; in the chemical logical adjacency chain diagram, generate an auxiliary condition reaction set according to the chemical reaction auxiliary conditions; Construct a time-space propagation path for the leaked chemical according to the auxiliary condition reaction set and the chemical leakage conditions; In the chemical plant perimeter building model X i the chemical leakage risk result Z is evaluated according to the function sensitivity factor, the propagation influence factor, and the chemical space-time propagation path i ; Combine all the chemical leakage risk results Z i to obtain the risk assessment results of the leaked chemicals.

4. The risk assessment method for chemical leakage according to claim 3, wherein, The specific steps for judging based on the leaked chemical risk assessment results to obtain the non-chemical risk assessment results include: Construct a non-chemical result mapping table based on expert experience; Based on the chemical leakage risk result Z i Use the non-chemical result mapping table to perform result mapping to obtain the non-chemical impact result F i ; In the chemical peripheral building model X i obtain the actual risk perception value and the public risk perception value; obtain the perception deviation map T based on the actual risk perception value and the public risk perception value i ; Based on the perception deviation map T i and the non-chemical influence result F i perform predictive evolution to obtain the predicted non-chemical risk assessment result Y i ; Combining all the predicted non-chemical risk assessment results Y i , the non-chemical risk assessment result is obtained.

5. The risk assessment method for chemical leakage according to claim 4, wherein The specific steps for outputting a regional chemical risk level map based on the non-chemical risk assessment results and the leaked chemical risk assessment results include: Based on the building model X around different chemicals i output the leakage response ability Y i ; Based on all non-chemical risk assessment results, leaked chemical risk assessment results, and leakage response capacity Y within the current area i conduct a weighted analysis to obtain the regional chemical risk level D i ; According to the chemical risk level D of all regions i Superimpose them to obtain the regional chemical risk level map.

6. The risk assessment method for chemical leakage according to claim 5, wherein Use a swarm optimization algorithm to simulate the chemical leakage conditions of the leaked chemical.

7. A risk assessment system for chemical leakage, characterized in that, The system applies a risk assessment method for chemical leakage described in any one of claims 1-6 above, including: A three-dimensional chemical construction module, including a three-dimensional construction unit, which is used to obtain all types of chemicals, corresponding chemical reserves, physical states, and chemical spatial distributions within the current area, and construct a three-dimensional chemical distribution model; based on the three-dimensional chemical distribution model, construct a chemical compatibility matrix and a chemical logical adjacency chain diagram; Chemical leakage simulation module, including a leakage simulation unit, which is used to simulate a certain type of chemical as the leaked chemical and simulate the chemical leakage conditions of the leaked chemical; based on the leakage point of the leaked chemical, set a leakage space prototype in the three-dimensional chemical distribution model; fuse within the leakage space prototype a circle centered at the leakage point with a radius of R i Construct the chemical surrounding building model X i , i = 1, 2,..., I; R I is the maximum diffusion range of the leaked chemical; Chemical Leakage Assessment Module, including a Chemical Risk Assessment Unit, a Non-Chemical Risk Assessment Unit, and a Comprehensive Response Assessment Unit; the Chemical Risk Assessment Unit is used to conduct a risk assessment based on the chemical building model X around the chemical i , and the chemical leakage conditions to obtain the risk assessment results of the leaked chemicals; the Non-Chemical Risk Assessment Unit is used to make a judgment based on the risk assessment results of the leaked chemicals to obtain the non-chemical risk assessment results; the Comprehensive Response Assessment Unit is used to traverse and simulate all chemicals in the current area, output the regional chemical risk level map based on the non-chemical risk assessment results and the risk assessment results of the leaked chemicals, and determine the actual chemical leakage treatment strategy according to the regional chemical risk level map.

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