Split type lithium battery management system based on wireless transmission data

Abstract

The invention relates to a split type lithium battery management system based on wireless data transmission, and belongs to the technical field of battery management. The system comprises a plurality of modules, each module is internally provided with a battery signal acquisition and control module, an MCU and a wireless communication module, and each module transmits data acquired by the battery signal acquisition and control module to other modules in a wireless mode, so that each module in the system obtains required overall system information through a network. The MCU performs calculation according to the whole system information, and transmits a control signal to the battery signal acquisition and control module of the controlled module through the wireless communication module, so that the cooperative control of the system is realized, the technology does not need to depend on a total BMS board and wiring, and the flexibility, reliability and expandability of the BMS system are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of battery management, and particularly relates to a split lithium battery management system based on wireless data transmission. Background Art

[0002] The current BMS system encapsulates several single cells into modules, and an information acquisition board is placed inside the module. The acquisition board transmits the acquired information to the BMS master control, and the BMS master control makes various controls on each module based on the comprehensive information.

[0003] This method has certain limitations, lacking flexibility and generality. For each specific usage scenario, reconfiguration or redesign is required. Briefly speaking, in the prior art, if a new module is to be added to the system, on the one hand, wiring needs to be carried out for the newly added module and the BMS master control, which is rather troublesome in terms of layout space and wiring implementation. On the other hand, the configuration of the BMS master control needs to be modified or redesigned according to the application scenario of the newly added module, which takes a long time. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a split lithium battery management system based on wireless data transmission, so as to solve the problems in the prior art that if a new module is to be added to the system, on the one hand, wiring needs to be carried out for the newly added module and the BMS master control, which is rather troublesome in terms of layout space and wiring implementation, and on the other hand, the configuration of the BMS master control needs to be modified or redesigned according to the application scenario of the newly added module, which takes a long time.

[0005] According to the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a split lithium battery management system based on wireless data transmission is provided. The system includes:

[0006] A BMS module, the BMS module includes an MCU control module and a battery signal acquisition and control module. The BMS module performs local autonomous management, and the local autonomous management includes:

[0007] The battery signal acquisition and control module is used to acquire battery operation control data and send it to the MCU control module;

[0008] The MCU control module is used to generate a control instruction according to the received battery operation control data and send it to the battery signal acquisition and control module;

[0009] The battery signal acquisition and control module performs corresponding actions according to the received control instruction, so that the BMS module can independently manage its own battery.

[0010] Preferably,

[0011] The BMS module also includes a wireless communication module, which is used to achieve wireless communication with other BMS modules. Each BMS module sends the battery operation control data collected by the battery signal acquisition and control module to other BMS modules through its own wireless communication module.

[0012] Preferably,

[0013] Collaborative management is achieved through the wireless communication module. The collaborative management includes three working modes: centralized management, distributed management, and hybrid management.

[0014] Preferably,

[0015] The BMS module includes one or more. When there is one BMS module, local autonomous management is executed; when there are multiple BMS modules, collaborative management is executed.

[0016] Preferably,

[0017] The centralized management working mode includes:

[0018] Select any one BMS module from multiple BMS modules as the master module, and the remaining BMS modules as slave modules;

[0019] After each slave module collects its own battery operation control data through its own battery signal acquisition and control module, it sends its own battery operation control data to the master module through its own wireless communication module;

[0020] After the master module receives the battery operation control data of each slave module, it generates control instructions corresponding to each slave module or generates its own control instructions through its own MCU control module, and sends the control instructions corresponding to each slave module to the wireless communication module of the corresponding slave module through its own wireless communication module;

[0021] After each slave module receives the control instructions sent by the master module, it forwards them to its own battery signal acquisition and control module, and the battery signal acquisition and control module performs corresponding actions according to the control instructions.

[0022] Preferably,

[0023] The distributed management working mode includes:

[0024] All BMS modules form a distributed communication network through their own wireless communication modules;

[0025] After each BMS module collects battery operation control data through its own battery signal acquisition and control module, it sends the battery operation control data to all other BMS modules in the system through the distributed communication network;

[0026] Each BMS module independently calculates all the battery operation control data received, generates control instructions, broadcasts the control instructions into the distributed communication network, and the BMS module that receives the control instructions processes the control instructions according to the local situation and then forwards them to its own battery signal acquisition and control module, and the battery signal acquisition and control module executes corresponding actions according to the control instructions; or, each BMS module independently calculates all the battery operation control data received, generates its own control instructions, and its own battery signal acquisition and control module executes corresponding actions;

[0027] The distributed management working mode further includes:

[0028] After each BMS module receives the battery operation control data of all other BMS modules, it performs initial calculation to generate initial control instructions, and sends the initial control instructions to other BMS modules through its own wireless communication module. Each BMS module performs collaborative decision-making calculation according to the initial control instructions of all other modules in the distributed communication network to generate consistent control instructions, and each BMS module uniformly executes the consistent control instructions through its own battery signal acquisition and control module.

[0029] Preferably,

[0030] The hybrid management working module includes:

[0031] All BMS modules are divided into two parts, one part executes the centralized management working mode, and the other part executes the distributed management working mode;

[0032] The main control module that executes the centralized management working mode and each BMS module that executes the distributed management working mode perform data transmission through the wireless communication module to achieve the collaborative work of all BMS modules.

[0033] Preferably,

[0034] The BMS module may also only include: an MCU control module and a wireless communication module;

[0035] The BMS module is used as a node in the communication network, or, after the BMS module receives the battery operation control data, it sends the battery operation control data to a third party that needs battery information.

[0036] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention may include the following beneficial effects:

[0037] In this application, an MCU control module, a battery data monitoring and driving module are provided in each BMS module. The battery data monitoring and driving module collects battery operation control data and sends it to the MCU control module. The MCU control module generates control instructions based on the received battery operation control data and sends them to the battery data monitoring and driving module. Then, the battery data monitoring and driving module executes corresponding actions according to the received control instructions, enabling the BMS module to independently manage its own battery. Each BMS module does not need to communicate with the BMS master control. When adding a BMS module, it can avoid the limitations in layout space and wiring implementation in the prior art when adding a new BMS module. At the same time, in this application, an MCU control module is built into each BMS module. When adding a new BMS module to the system, the configuration of the master control does not need to be modified.

[0038] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and cannot limit the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] The accompanying drawings are incorporated herein and constitute a part of this specification, showing embodiments consistent with the present invention and, together with the specification, are used to explain the principles of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a system of a single BMS module shown according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0041] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of centralized management shown according to another exemplary embodiment;

[0042] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of distributed management shown according to another exemplary embodiment;

[0043] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the principle of hybrid management shown according to another exemplary embodiment;

[0044] In the drawings: 1 - MCU control module, 2 - battery signal acquisition and control module, 3 - wireless communication module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0045] Here, the exemplary embodiments will be described in detail, and the examples are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. On the contrary, they are only examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present invention as detailed in the appended claims.

[0046] Embodiment 1:

[0047] Figure 1 is a system schematic diagram of a single BMS module shown according to an exemplary embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, the system includes:

[0048] A BMS module, the BMS module includes an MCU control module 1 and a battery signal acquisition and control module 2, the BMS module performs local autonomous management, and the local autonomous management includes:

[0049] The battery signal acquisition and control module 2 is used to acquire battery operation control data and send it to the MCU control module 1;

[0050] The MCU control module 1 is used to generate a control instruction according to the received battery operation control data and send it to the battery signal acquisition and control module 2;

[0051] The battery signal acquisition and control module 2 performs corresponding actions according to the received control instruction, so that the BMS module can individually manage its own battery;

[0052] The BMS module further includes a wireless communication module 3, the wireless communication module 3 is used to implement wireless communication with other BMS modules, and each BMS module sends the battery operation control data collected by the battery signal acquisition and control module 2 to other BMS modules through its own wireless communication module 3;

[0053] It can be understood that traditional BMS systems usually adopt a centralized control structure, that is, multiple single cells are packaged into modules, and an information acquisition board is placed in the module. The acquisition board transmits the acquired information to the BMS, and the BMS then makes various control decisions by synthesizing this information. This method has limitations in terms of flexibility and versatility, and each specific usage scenario may require reconfiguration or design. Especially in application scenarios such as replacing traditional lead-acid batteries, due to the fixed housing size, when using lithium batteries, it is necessary to redesign to adapt to existing products. In addition, the overall control of existing lithium batteries also has problems such as limited layout space and complex wiring;

[0054] The BMS system of the present invention adopts a split design and management method, and through wireless communication technology and local autonomous management, it realizes the advantages of more standardized products, more convenient deployment, more flexible use, and more compatible scenarios, specifically including:

[0055] The BMS system of the present invention consists of multiple BMS modules (N≥1). Each module includes an MCU control module 1 and a battery signal acquisition and control module 2. Each module has independent power management capabilities and BMS management capabilities, and can work independently or cooperate with other modules through wireless networking; when there is only one module in the system, the module relies on its own MCU control module 1 and battery signal acquisition and control module 2 for power management, that is, the above-mentioned local autonomous management working mode; when the number of modules is greater than 1, the management of the BMS system depends on the information of all modules, that is, the above-mentioned cooperative management working mode. The cooperative management working mode specifically includes three working modes: centralized management, distributed management, and hybrid management;

[0056] Each BMS module is equipped with a wireless transmission module 3. The MCU control module 1 is embedded with a wireless communication module 3 or realizes it by externally connecting a wireless communication module 3. The supported wireless communication technologies include but are not limited to WIFI, Bluetooth, Zigbee, LoRa, WiMAX, cellular network (2G, 3G, 4G, 5G), NB-IoT, etc. Through these wireless technologies, the module can exchange data with other modules or external devices. The structure of the network can select a suitable network topology according to the actual application, such as star network, mesh network, ring network, mesh network, etc.;

[0057] Each BMS module contains an independent MCU control module 1 and has multiple protection functions. The protection strategies include but are not limited to single battery voltage equalization, overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection, overtemperature protection, short-circuit protection, etc. The module can also automatically adjust operations such as output, heating, and cooling according to the working state of the battery to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the battery pack; To implement the above protection strategies, the data acquired by the battery signal acquisition and control module 2 includes but is not limited to: single cell voltage, module temperature, module current, circuit board temperature, control switch state, protection state, etc., charge state, SOC, etc.; When the system works in the centralized management mode, the master module will perform real-time analysis based on the battery state data, judge whether protection measures need to be taken, and send corresponding control instructions to the slave modules. In the distributed mode, each module cooperates to execute the battery protection function according to the network information, enhancing the consistency of the system; It should be emphasized that generating control instructions by the MCU control module 1 according to the battery operation control data acquired by the battery signal acquisition and control module 2 to implement various protection strategies is a relatively mature technology in the prior art, and this application will not elaborate on it too much here;

[0058] The BMS system of this application adopts a modular design. Since each module is not restricted by communication wiring harnesses and each module has an independent BMS control system, the flexibility, reliability, and scalability of the system can be significantly improved. It can be manufactured into standard products according to different parameters such as size, voltage, and capacity to meet the requirements of various application scenarios. For example, in applications where traditional lead-acid batteries need to be replaced, due to the modular and wireless communication characteristics of the system, lithium batteries can be easily adapted to existing battery usage scenarios, eliminating the trouble of redesigning the battery pack shell. Additionally, since each module has independent battery management and wireless communication capabilities, no additional communication wiring harnesses and main control boards are required within the system, which makes the system deployment more flexible and able to adapt to a wider range of application scenarios, such as electric bicycles, electric tricycles, UPS power supplies, automotive energy storage, etc. At the same time, due to its strong scalability, it can be used in scenarios such as automobiles, energy storage, UPS, special-purpose vehicles, agricultural electric sprayers, small agricultural mobile water pumps, motorcycle starting batteries, outdoor mobile power supplies, outdoor lighting, etc.

[0059] The modules in this application can be calibrated wirelessly or wiredly. The calibration content includes module number, module battery capacity, working mode, working parameters, etc. During the calibration process, the modules can be configured through special software so that each module can be optimized according to specific application scenarios. After calibration, the modules can enter the formal operating state.

[0060] Due to the modular and wireless communication characteristics of the system, users can add new modules at any time according to needs to expand the scale of the system. For example, when it is necessary to increase the system capacity or add backup batteries, simply adding new modules is sufficient without modifying the existing hardware structure or wiring. This design enables the system to have good scalability and flexibility and can meet future demand changes.

[0061] The module in this application itself can be simplified to have no single battery and battery signal acquisition and control module 2, and only includes the MCU control module 1 (with wireless communication capabilities, or an external wireless communication module 3). This module participates in control as a node in the network, or simply receives information and processes the information and then sends it to a third party that needs battery information. Such a module may be different from other modules in terms of function and appearance, but its essence still belongs to a split-type BMS.

[0062] The above collaborative management working mode specifically includes:

[0063] The centralized management working mode includes:

[0064] Such as attached Figure 2As shown in the figure, any one of the multiple BMS modules is selected as the master module, and the remaining BMS modules are used as slave modules; after each slave module collects its own battery operation control data through its own battery signal acquisition and control module 2, it sends its own battery operation control data to the master module through its own wireless communication module 3; after the master module receives the battery operation control data of each slave module, it generates control instructions corresponding to each slave module or generates its own control instructions through its own MCU control module 1, and sends the control instructions corresponding to each slave module to the wireless communication module 3 of the corresponding slave module through its own wireless communication module 3; after each slave module receives the control instructions sent by the master module, it forwards them to its own battery signal acquisition and control module 2, and the battery signal acquisition and control module 2 performs corresponding actions according to the control instructions; in order to implement the above centralized management working mode, the network composition mode formed by each wireless communication module 3 in the centralized management working mode of the present application includes but is not limited to star network, client-server network, master-slave network, etc.

[0065] The distributed management working mode includes:

[0066] As attached Figure 3As shown in the figure, all BMS modules form a distributed communication network through their own wireless communication modules 3; after each BMS module collects battery operation control data through its own battery signal acquisition and control module 2, it sends the battery operation control data to all other BMS modules through the distributed communication network; each BMS module independently calculates all the received battery operation control data, generates a control instruction, and broadcasts the control instruction to the distributed communication network. The BMS module that receives the control instruction processes the control instruction according to its own situation and forwards it to its own battery signal acquisition and control module 2, and the battery signal acquisition and control module 2 executes corresponding actions according to the control instruction; or, each BMS module independently calculates all the received battery operation control data, generates its own control instruction, and its own battery signal acquisition and control module 2 executes corresponding actions; the distributed management working mode also includes another implementation method: after each BMS module receives all the battery operation control data of other BMS modules, it performs an initial calculation to generate an initial control instruction, and sends the initial control instruction to other BMS modules through its own wireless communication module 3. Each BMS module performs a collaborative decision-making calculation according to the initial control instructions of all other modules in the distributed communication network to generate a consistent control instruction, and each BMS module uniformly executes the consistent control instruction through its own battery signal acquisition and control module 2; simply put, in this mode, each module forms a distributed network through wireless communication, all modules can exchange data with each other, and after each module receives information from other modules, it makes a decision based on its own calculation results and generates a control instruction, and these control instructions will be broadcast to the network, and other modules execute corresponding actions according to the instruction content. In this mode, it does not rely on a single control center, and each module can perform independent or collaborative control according to the information of the whole network, thereby enhancing the flexibility and robustness of the system; in order to implement the above-mentioned distributed management working mode, the networking method formed by each wireless communication module 3 in the distributed management working mode of this application includes but is not limited to, a mesh network, a ring network, etc.

[0067] The hybrid management working mode includes:

[0068] As shown in the Figure 4 figure, all BMS modules are divided into two parts, one part executes the centralized management working mode, and the other part executes the distributed management working mode; the main control module that executes the centralized management working mode and each BMS module that executes the distributed management working mode perform data transmission through the wireless communication module 3 to achieve the collaborative work of all BMS modules; the collaborative work between the two modes is realized through wireless communication. This method combines the advantages of the centralized and distributed modes, and while ensuring the flexibility of the system, it can also ensure a certain degree of control centralization.

[0069] It is understandable that the same or similar parts in the above embodiments can be referred to each other, and for the content not described in detail in some embodiments, reference can be made to the same or similar content in other embodiments.

[0070] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "sparsely distributed in small amounts" means at least two.

[0071] Any process or method description shown in the flowchart or described in other ways herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or part of code of executable instructions including one or more sparsely distributed steps for implementing a specific logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present invention includes additional implementations, where the functions can be executed in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order according to the functions involved, rather than in the order shown or discussed, which should be understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present invention belong.

[0072] It should be understood that the various parts of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the sparsely distributed steps or methods in small amounts can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, any one or a combination of the following well-known technologies in the art can be used: discrete logic circuits with logic gate circuits for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits with appropriate combinational logic gate circuits, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0073] Those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field can understand that all or part of the steps carried by the methods of the above embodiments can be completed by instructing relevant hardware through a program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.

[0074] In addition, the functional units in each embodiment of the present invention can be integrated into a processing module, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated into a module. The above integrated module can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. When the above integrated module is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0075] The above-mentioned storage medium can be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc.

[0076] In the description of this specification, the descriptions referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or a small number of sparsely distributed embodiments or examples.

[0077] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A split lithium battery management system based on wirelessly transmitted data, characterized in that, The system includes: A BMS module, which includes an MCU control module and a battery signal acquisition and control module. The BMS module performs local autonomous management, and the local autonomous management includes: The battery signal acquisition and control module is used to acquire battery operation control data and send it to the MCU control module; The MCU control module is used to generate control instructions according to the received battery operation control data and send them to the battery signal acquisition and control module; The battery signal acquisition and control module performs corresponding actions according to the received control instructions, so that the BMS module realizes local autonomous management.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein The BMS module further includes a wireless communication module, which is used to realize wireless communication with other BMS modules. Each BMS module sends the battery operation control data collected by its own battery signal acquisition and control module to other BMS modules through its own wireless communication module.

3. The system according to claim 2, wherein Cooperative management is realized through the wireless communication module, and the cooperative management includes three working modes: centralized management, distributed management, and hybrid management.

4. The system according to claim 3, wherein The BMS module includes one or more. When the BMS module is one, the local autonomous management is executed; when the BMS module is multiple, the cooperative management is executed.

5. The system according to claim 4, wherein The centralized management working mode includes: Select any one BMS module as the master module among multiple BMS modules, and the remaining BMS modules as slave modules; After each slave module acquires its own battery operation control data through its own battery signal acquisition and control module, it sends its own battery operation control data to the master module through its own wireless communication module; After the master module receives the battery operation control data of each slave module, it generates control instructions corresponding to each slave module or generates its own control instructions through its own MCU control module, and sends the control instructions corresponding to each slave module to the wireless communication module of the corresponding slave module through its own wireless communication module; After each slave module receives the control instructions sent by the master module, it forwards them to its own battery signal acquisition and control module, and the battery signal acquisition and control module performs corresponding actions according to the control instructions.

6. The system according to claim 4, wherein The distributed management working mode includes: All BMS modules form a distributed communication network through their own wireless communication modules; After each BMS module acquires battery operation control data through its own battery signal acquisition and control module, it sends the battery operation control data to all other BMS modules in the system through the distributed communication network. Each BMS module independently calculates all the battery operation control data received, generates control instructions, and broadcasts the control instructions into the distributed communication network. The BMS module that receives the control instructions processes the control instructions according to the local situation and then forwards them to its own battery signal acquisition and control module, and the battery signal acquisition and control module performs corresponding actions according to the control instructions; or, each BMS module independently calculates all the battery operation control data received, generates its own control instructions, and its own battery signal acquisition and control module performs corresponding actions; The distributed management working mode further includes: After each BMS module receives the battery operation control data of all other BMS modules, it performs an initial calculation to generate initial control instructions, and sends the initial control instructions to other BMS modules through its own wireless communication module. Each BMS module performs collaborative decision-making calculations based on the initial control instructions of all other modules in the distributed communication network to generate consistent control instructions, and each BMS module uniformly executes the consistent control instructions through its own battery signal acquisition and control module.

7. The system according to claim 4, wherein The hybrid management working module includes: All BMS modules are divided into two parts, one part executes the centralized management working mode, and the other part executes the distributed management working mode; The master control module that executes the centralized management working mode and each BMS module that executes the distributed management working mode perform data transmission through the wireless communication module to realize the collaborative work of all BMS modules.

8. The system according to any one of claims 2-7, wherein The BMS module may also only include: an MCU control module and a wireless communication module; The BMS module is used as a node in the communication network, or, after the BMS module receives the battery operation control data, it sends the battery operation control data to a third party that needs battery information.

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