Energy storage converter, energy storage system and electrical equipment of energy storage system

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage systems, and proposes an energy storage converter, energy storage system, and electrical equipment for an energy storage system, comprising: a box; a high-pressure compartment located near the front panel of the energy storage converter box; a low-pressure compartment located near the back panel of the energy storage converter box, wherein the low-pressure compartment includes an upper space of the low-pressure compartment and a lower space of the low-pressure compartment, wherein the upper space includes a variety of functional boards, and the lower space includes a radiator, multiple inductors, and capacitor plates. By sinking the capacitor plates into the lower space of the low-pressure compartment, not only is the layout of the energy storage converter of the energy storage system more reasonable, but the separation of the high- and low-pressure compartments is also ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to an energy storage converter, an energy storage system, and electrical equipment of an energy storage system. Background Art

[0002] The energy storage system's power storage converter (PCS) uses a DC / AC bidirectional converter to achieve bidirectional conversion between battery DC power and grid AC power, supporting grid-connected / off-grid mode switching, thereby meeting various grid frequency and voltage regulation and energy scheduling needs.

[0003] In related technologies, due to the size limitation of the energy storage system and the fact that the battery cells occupy most of the space of the energy storage system, the size of the energy storage inverter is very small, which in turn leads to a very cramped equipment layout inside the energy storage inverter, making it difficult to form a reasonable internal equipment layout of the energy storage inverter. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to address the problems in the above-mentioned background technology and provide an energy storage converter, energy storage system and electrical equipment for an energy storage system, which can at least sink the capacitor plate into the lower space of the low-pressure cabin, which not only makes the layout of the energy storage converter of the energy storage system more reasonable, but also ensures the separation of the high and low pressure cabins.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems and other problems, according to some embodiments, a first aspect of the present application provides an energy storage converter for an energy storage system, comprising:

[0006] Box;

[0007] The high-voltage compartment is located inside the energy storage converter box, close to the front panel of the box;

[0008] The low-pressure cabin is located in the box of the energy storage converter, near the back plate of the box. The low-pressure cabin includes adjacent low-pressure cabin upper space and low-pressure cabin lower space. Various functional boards are arranged in the upper space of the low-pressure cabin, and a radiator, multiple inductors and capacitor plates are arranged in the lower space of the low-pressure cabin.

[0009] In some embodiments, the high-pressure cabin includes an adjacent high-pressure cabin upper space and a high-pressure cabin lower space, a variety of high-voltage devices are arranged in the high-pressure cabin upper space, the high-pressure cabin lower space is connected to the low-pressure cabin lower space, a plurality of first ventilation holes are arranged at a position corresponding to the front panel of the box and the lower space of the output cabin, and a plurality of second ventilation holes are arranged at a position corresponding to the back panel of the box and the lower space of the power conversion control cabin. The plurality of first ventilation holes and the plurality of second ventilation holes are used to dissipate heat from the lower space of the high-pressure cabin and the lower space of the low-pressure cabin.

[0010] In some embodiments, the interconnected lower space of the high-pressure cabin and the lower space of the low-pressure cabin form an external air duct, and a first cooling fan group is provided in the lower space of the high-pressure cabin.

[0011] In some embodiments, a plurality of inductor and capacitor plates are arranged in parallel at a first location near the back plate, and a heat sink is located between the first cooling fan and the first location.

[0012] In some embodiments, the plurality of inductors include a first inductor group and a second inductor group, the capacitor plate is disposed on a tray between the first inductor group and the second inductor group, and the plurality of inductors in the first inductor group and the second inductor group are arranged at intervals.

[0013] In some embodiments, the tray includes an air guiding opening, an air guiding end of the air guiding opening is connected to the heat sink, and a width of the air guiding end of the air guiding opening is greater than a width of the tray.

[0014] In some embodiments, the plurality of inductors are tilted at a first angle, where the first angle is the angle between the width direction of the base of each inductor and the width direction of the box.

[0015] In some embodiments, the upper space of the low-pressure cabin includes adjacent first and second subspaces, and the various functional boards include a power board, a control board, an auxiliary source board, a fan auxiliary source board, an AC noise filter, a DC bus unit, a busbar, and an AC output board;

[0016] Among them, the control board, the fan auxiliary source board and the auxiliary source board are located in the first subspace.

[0017] In some embodiments, the power board, the AC noise filter, the DC bus unit, the busbar, and the AC output board are located in the second subspace.

[0018] In some embodiments, the auxiliary source board is located above the fan auxiliary source board, the DC bus unit is located above the power board, and the AC noise filter and the control board are located above the DC bus unit.

[0019] In some embodiments, the energy storage converter further includes a second cooling fan group;

[0020] The second cooling fan group is located on the back panel at a position corresponding to the first subspace, and is used to cool the control board and the auxiliary source board in the first subspace.

[0021] In some embodiments, the energy storage converter further includes a third cooling fan group;

[0022] The third cooling fan group is located on the backplane at a position corresponding to the second subspace, and is used to cool the power board, AC noise filter, DC bus unit, busbar and AC output board in the second subspace.

[0023] In some embodiments, a third ventilation hole corresponding to the second cooling fan group is formed on the front panel of the box, and a first internal cooling air duct is formed between the third ventilation hole and the second cooling fan group;

[0024] A fourth ventilation hole corresponding to the third cooling fan group is further formed on the front panel of the box body, and a second internal cooling air duct is formed between the fourth ventilation hole and the third cooling fan group.

[0025] A second aspect of the present application provides an energy storage system, comprising: a battery pack; a management subsystem; a thermal management subsystem; and an energy storage converter of the energy storage system in any of the above embodiments.

[0026] A third aspect of the present application provides an electrical device, comprising the energy storage converter of the energy storage system in any of the above embodiments.

[0027] In the above-mentioned embodiments, the energy storage converter, energy storage system and electrical equipment of the energy storage system can at least sink the capacitor plate into the lower space of the low-voltage layer, which not only makes the layout of the energy storage converter of the energy storage system more reasonable, but also ensures the separation of the high and low pressure compartments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, without paying any creative work, they can also obtain drawings of other embodiments based on these drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a capacitor plate provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an energy storage converter of an energy storage system provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 3 A partial schematic diagram of the lower space of the energy storage converter of the energy storage system provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of an energy storage converter of an existing energy storage system provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Description of reference numerals:

[0034] 101. High-pressure chamber; 102. Radiator; 103. Capacitor board; 104. First cooling fan group; 105. Second cooling fan group; 106. First inductor group; 107. Second inductor group; 108. Fan auxiliary source board; 109. Control board; 110. Third cooling fan group; 111. Auxiliary source board; 112. AC noise filter; 113. DC bus unit; 114. Busbar; 115. AC output board; 116. Power board; 201. Tray. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] To facilitate understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the present application. However, the present application may be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the disclosure of the present application.

[0036] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the relevant listed items.

[0037] In the case of using “including,” “having,” and “comprising” described herein, another component may be added unless a clear limiting term such as “only,” “consisting of,” etc. is used. Unless mentioned otherwise, a term in the singular form may include a plural form and should not be understood as having one number.

[0038] It should be understood that although the terms "first," "second," etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element may be referred to as a second element, and similarly, a second element may be referred to as a first element, without departing from the scope of this application.

[0039] In this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium, internal communication between two elements, or interaction between two elements. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0040] As a key component of an energy storage system, the PCS (Power Storage Converter) faces the challenge of space constraints in its design. The PCS utilizes DC / AC bidirectional conversion technology to enable energy exchange between the battery and the grid, enabling seamless on-grid and off-grid switching. Because the internal space of the energy storage system is primarily occupied by battery cells, the installation space for the PCS is significantly compressed, resulting in a highly compact internal component layout and making it difficult to establish a reasonable internal equipment layout for the PCS.

[0041] See also Figure 4 , Figure 4 As a comparative embodiment of the present application, a schematic diagram of an energy storage converter of an energy storage system is provided.

[0042] like Figure 4 As shown, the capacitor plate 103 of the energy storage converter of the existing energy storage system is arranged in the upper space of the low-pressure compartment. Since the upper space of the low-pressure compartment is also provided with multiple other functional boards, such as the power board 116, the control board 109, the AC output board 115, the auxiliary power board, the busbar 114, the AC noise filter (Alternating Current Electromagnetic Interference, AC EMI) 112, the DC bus unit (Direct Current Link, DCLINK), etc., the space occupied is relatively cramped. As a result, the fan auxiliary source board 108, which also serves as a low-voltage functional board, can only be arranged in the high-pressure compartment 101, resulting in the high and low pressure compartments cannot be completely separated.

[0043] Please continue reading Figure 4 , Figure 4 The middle arrow shows a layout change of the energy storage converter of an energy storage system in an embodiment of the present application. After the capacitor plate 103 is sunk between the first inductor group 106 and the second inductor group 107, the empty part can be used to place the fan auxiliary source plate 108, thereby ensuring complete isolation of the high and low pressure compartments.

[0044] Please continue reading Figure 1 and Figure 4 Because the capacitors on capacitor plate 103 are large and densely arranged, cooling air cannot flow through capacitor plate 103. Therefore, when cooling the upper space of the low-pressure cabin, the energy storage converter of the relevant energy storage system can only move upward the cooling fans corresponding to the capacitor plate 103. After the cooling fans are partially moved upward, they can only cool the control board 109 and the auxiliary power board located above the capacitor plate 103. It is difficult to effectively cool the capacitor plate 103 and other functional boards in the low-pressure cabin that are blocked by the capacitor plate 103. As a result, the temperature of the capacitor plate 103 and other functional boards in the low-pressure cabin that are blocked by the capacitor plate 103 and cannot be cooled is very likely to become abnormal.

[0045] At the same time, due to the large size of the capacitors and the size limitations of the energy storage system's energy storage converter, the space left for capacitor plate 103 is also limited, which also creates certain difficulties in selecting the capacitors in capacitor plate 103. In the energy storage converter of related energy storage systems, when selecting capacitors, staff can only choose capacitors with lower height and smaller size. However, capacitors with lower height and smaller size are generally more expensive to purchase, thus increasing the cost of the energy storage converter of the energy storage system.

[0046] This application proposes an energy storage converter for an energy storage system. Please refer to Figure 2-Figure 3 The energy storage converter of the energy storage system includes: a box body, a high-pressure cabin 101 and a low-pressure cabin.

[0047] The high-voltage chamber 101 is located in the box of the energy storage converter, close to the front panel of the box.

[0048] For example, the high-voltage compartment may include DC-side high-voltage components, AC-side high-voltage components, reactive power compensation boards, DC lightning protection and fuse protection boards, high-voltage switches and circuit breakers, power semiconductor devices, and more. The DC-side high-voltage components include the DC busbar, DC support capacitors, and DC filter inductors. The DC busbar can be constructed of low-resistance copper or aluminum busbars with multiple insulation layers (such as epoxy coatings). It connects the battery cluster and the energy storage converter and can carry DC voltages between 1000V and 1500V. In a three-level topology, intermediate voltage balancing is required. The DC support capacitors can be film capacitors (which can improve high ripple current handling) or electrolytic capacitors (suitable for low-cost solutions). They can suppress DC-side voltage fluctuations, absorb high-frequency harmonics, and provide transient current buffering during the switching of insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs). The DC filter inductor can be wound on a Sendust core, and its inductance value can be adjusted according to power requirements. High-voltage components on the AC side include inverter power units and step-up transformers. The inverter power unit can be constructed using two-level, three-level, or multi-level topologies. The step-up transformer can be a power frequency transformer or a high-frequency transformer, boosting the voltage of the low-voltage AC power output by the energy storage converter to match grid access requirements. Power semiconductor devices can be insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) modules or MOSFET modules. IGBT modules consist of an IGBT chip, a driver circuit, and a heat sink substrate, and can utilize a multi-layer packaging structure. Metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) modules have a withstand voltage rating exceeding 1700V and support higher switching frequencies (reducing losses by 30% compared to IGBTs), making them more suitable for the trend toward higher-frequency energy storage systems. The reactive power compensation board is used to dynamically adjust reactive power and optimize the power factor on the grid side. It is suitable for high-voltage dynamic reactive power compensation and improving power transmission efficiency. The DC lightning protection and fuse protection board is used to prevent overvoltage or short circuit damage to the internal circuit of the high-voltage compartment. The high-voltage switch and circuit breaker components include AC circuit breakers (such as U / V / W phase circuit breakers) and DC disconnect switches, etc., to achieve on-off control and fault isolation of the high-voltage circuit.

[0049] As an example, by stacking multiple insulating layers (such as epoxy resin coating), the DC voltage that can be carried may be 1000V, 1300V, 1500V, etc.

[0050] As an example, the low-pressure cabin is located in the box of the energy storage inverter near the back plate of the box. The low-pressure cabin includes adjacent low-pressure cabin upper space and low-pressure cabin lower space. Various functional panels are arranged in the upper space of the low-pressure cabin, and a radiator 102, multiple inductors and capacitor plates 103 are arranged in the lower space of the low-pressure cabin.

[0051] As an example, sinking the capacitor plate 103 into the lower space of the low-pressure cabin makes it easier for staff to layout the components in the energy storage converter of the energy storage system. The fan auxiliary source board 108 can also be set in the low-pressure cabin to form a completely isolated component layout of the high and low pressure cabins.

[0052] As an example, sinking the capacitor plate 103 into the lower space of the low-pressure cabin also makes it easier to cool the capacitor plate 103. At the same time, it also makes it easier to form an air-cooling channel in the upper space of the low-pressure cabin, thereby improving the cooling capacity of other functional panels in the upper space of the low-pressure cabin.

[0053] For example, because the lower space of the low-pressure cabin provides greater height and width for capacitor plate 103, it is easier for personnel to select the capacitors in capacitor plate 103. Capacitors with larger size and height can be used to form capacitor plate 103. Capacitors with larger size and height are generally cheaper to purchase, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the energy storage inverter.

[0054] For details, please refer to Figure 2 The various functional boards include a power board 116 , a control board 109 , an auxiliary source board 111 , a fan auxiliary source board 108 , an AC noise filter 112 , a DC bus unit 113 , a busbar 114 , and an AC output board 115 .

[0055] As an example, please refer to Figure 2The power board 116 is the core power conversion unit of the energy storage converter. It is equipped with an IGBT module and a drive circuit to achieve bidirectional energy conversion between DC and AC. It can control the switching action of the IGBT through PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) technology to complete the inversion / rectification process of the DC bus voltage and the AC power of the grid. The DC bus unit 113 is the intermediate link between the energy storage battery and the energy storage converter. The DC bus unit 113 can smooth the DC voltage fluctuation through a large-capacity capacitor group (such as electrolytic capacitors or film capacitors) and suppress the high-frequency ripple on the battery side. The control board 109 is the control center of the energy storage converter. The control board 109 includes an integrated digital signal processing chip or a field programmable gate array (FPGA) chip, etc., which is used to execute power algorithms, communication protocols, safety protection (overvoltage / overcurrent detection) and other functions. The control board 109 can also communicate with the equipment management system (BMS) through the controller area network (CAN) bus to obtain battery status and receive electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) signals. Susceptibility (EMS) instructions adjust the charge and discharge strategy and provide real-time feedback of operating data; AC noise filter (Electromagnetic The EMI (Electromagnetic Interference) (EMI) 112 is primarily composed of a filter consisting of common-mode inductors and X / Y capacitors, which are used to suppress high-frequency conducted interference from the grid. The X capacitors, connected between the phase and neutral lines, filter differential-mode noise, while the Y capacitors, connected between the phase / neutral lines and ground, eliminate common-mode noise. The auxiliary power supply board converts the main DC bus or AC input into multiple low-voltage DC power supplies, powering the control board 109, sensors, and other devices. The fan auxiliary power supply board 108 provides drive power and speed control for the cooling fans, dynamically adjusting the fan speed based on IGBT temperature and system load to optimize heat dissipation efficiency. The AC output board 115 includes an AC circuit breaker, filter reactors, and voltage / current sampling circuits, and is used for power output when connected or off-grid. The busbar 114 is used to achieve current sharing among multiple power modules in a parallel PCS. It reduces circulating current losses through a low-inductance busbar. It is used to connect battery clusters on the DC side and supports multi-branch parallel expansion.

[0056] For details, please refer to Figure 2The high-pressure cabin 101 includes an adjacent upper space of the high-pressure cabin 101 and a lower space of the high-pressure cabin 101. A variety of high-voltage devices are arranged in the upper space of the high-pressure cabin 101. The lower space of the high-pressure cabin 101 is connected to the lower space of the low-pressure cabin. A plurality of first ventilation holes are arranged at positions corresponding to the lower space of the output cabin on the front panel of the box, and a plurality of second ventilation holes are arranged at positions corresponding to the lower space of the power conversion control cabin on the back panel of the box. The plurality of first ventilation holes and the plurality of second ventilation holes are used to dissipate heat from the lower space of the high-pressure cabin 101 and the lower space of the low-pressure cabin.

[0057] As an example, please refer to Figure 2 The lower space of the high-pressure cabin 101 and the lower space of the low-pressure cabin, which are interconnected, form an external air duct. A first cooling fan group 104 is provided in the lower space of the high-pressure cabin 101.

[0058] As an example, please refer to Figure 2 In this application, the capacitor plate 103 is arranged in the external air duct. Since the external air duct is directly connected to the external air, there is no other heating element in front of the capacitor plate 103 except the radiator 102. Therefore, arranging the capacitor plate 103 in the external air duct is more convenient for heat dissipation of the capacitor plate 103.

[0059] Here, it should be noted that the power board 116 may be equipped with various power devices such as IGBT, MOSFET, etc., which will generate a large amount of heat during the power conversion process. Therefore, the present application sets the power board 116 on the radiator 102, and enhances the heat dissipation of the power board 116 through the radiator 102, and sets the radiator 102 in the lower air duct, directly contacting the external cooling air, thereby ensuring the cooling efficiency of the radiator 102 and further improving the heat dissipation effect of the radiator 102 on the power board 116.

[0060] Among them, the radiator 102 can adopt a fin structure to increase the heat dissipation area, and optimize the heat dissipation performance by adjusting parameters such as the height, thickness, and width of the fins. In addition, the first cooling fan group 104 can cooperate with the radiator 102 to form forced convection to achieve balanced temperature distribution. The radiator 102 can be made of heat-conductive metals such as aluminum or copper.

[0061] For details, please refer to Figure 2 , a plurality of inductor and capacitor plates 103 are arranged in parallel at a first position close to the back plate, and the heat sink 102 is located between the first cooling fan and the first position.

[0062] For details, please continue to refer to Figure 2 The plurality of inductors form a first inductor group 106 and a second inductor group 107 , the capacitor plate 103 is disposed on the tray 201 between the first inductor group 106 and the second inductor group 107 , and the plurality of inductors in the first inductor group 106 and the second inductor group 107 are arranged at intervals.

[0063] For example, see Figure 3 The tray 201 includes an air guide opening, an air guide end of the air guide opening is connected to the radiator 102 , and a width of the air guide end of the air guide opening is greater than a width of the tray 201 .

[0064] Please continue reading Figure 3 , Figure 3 The arrows in the figure indicate the direction of cooling air flow.

[0065] Here, since the capacitors on capacitor plate 103 are densely arranged, it is more difficult to dissipate heat from capacitor plate 103. Furthermore, although placing capacitor plate 103 on tray 201 facilitates installation of capacitor plate 103, since ordinary trays do not have air guide openings, there is no cooling air flow at the connection points between each capacitor and capacitor plate 103. Therefore, the connection points between each capacitor and capacitor plate 103 are more prone to temperature abnormalities.

[0066] At the same time, since the capacitor plate 103 is arranged in the external air duct, the cooling air of the external air duct flows directly from the outside of the energy storage inverter. Therefore, dust is prone to accumulation on the capacitor plate 103 in the tray 201. The dust accumulated on the capacitor plate 103 may form a conductive path in a humid environment, causing a short circuit between adjacent lines, causing abnormal discharge or component burning, and may also cause signal transmission distortion or circuit intermittent faults.

[0067] Therefore, the present application provides an air guide opening on the tray 201 , which can introduce cooling air from the external air duct to cool the connection point between each capacitor and the capacitor plate 103 located in the tray 201 .

[0068] At the same time, the present application increases the speed of the cooling air entering the tray 201 by setting the width of the air guide end of the air guide opening to be greater than the width of the tray 201. The higher wind speed can carry away the dust accumulated on the capacitor plate 103, thereby avoiding the problem of short circuit between adjacent lines of the capacitor plate 103 in a humid environment, resulting in signal transmission distortion or intermittent circuit failure.

[0069] In a comparative embodiment, the problem of dust accumulation on the capacitor plate 103 can be avoided by injection molding in the tray 201 .

[0070] However, the injection molding method in the tray 201 will make it impossible to disassemble and repair the capacitor plate 103. The present application adopts the method of setting an air guide opening on the tray 201, which not only avoids dust accumulation on the capacitor plate 103, but also makes it easier for staff to disassemble and repair the capacitor plate 103.

[0071] In some embodiments, the plurality of inductors are tilted at a first angle.

[0072] The first angle is the angle between the width direction of the base of each inductor and the width direction of the box.

[0073] The first angle may be 10°-30°.

[0074] As an example, the first angle may be 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, 30°, etc.

[0075] It should be noted that traditional parallel arrangement of inductors creates laminar wind resistance, causing airflow to flow against the wall, reducing the heat transfer efficiency of multiple inductors. In this application, after tilting multiple inductors at a first angle of 10°-30°, the inductor array composed of multiple inductors can form a stepped flow-guiding structure, forcing the airflow to generate turbulence (increasing the Reynolds number by approximately 40%), enhancing the convective heat transfer coefficient, and the inductor array formed by the tilted multiple inductors can avoid the problem of inductors downstream of the cooling air being in the wind shadow area of ​​the upstream inductor, which prevents effective cooling, thereby making the wind speed distribution on the surface of each inductor more uniform.

[0076] Optionally, multiple inductors may be arranged in a staggered and tilted manner. The staggered and tilted inductor array may generate a vortex airflow to quickly remove heat from adjacent inductors.

[0077] When multiple inductors cannot be arranged in an inclined or staggered manner, the long axes of the inductors arranged in parallel should be parallel to the airflow direction of the cooling air to reduce air flow resistance and increase flow rate.

[0078] Optionally, a temperature detection device can be set near multiple inductors, and the temperature detection device can be connected to the first cooling fan group and the control board 109 respectively. The control board 109 can dynamically adjust the fan speed of the first cooling fan group according to the real-time temperature of the inductor.

[0079] See also Figure 2 In some embodiments, the upper space of the low-pressure cabin includes a first subspace and a second subspace, and the various functional boards include a power board 116, a control board 109, an auxiliary source board 111, a fan auxiliary source board 108, an AC noise filter 112, a DC bus unit 113, a busbar 114 and an AC output board 115.

[0080] The control board 109 , the fan auxiliary source board 108 , and the auxiliary source board 111 are located in the first subspace.

[0081] Please continue reading Figure 2 In some embodiments, the power board 116 , the fan auxiliary source board 108 , the AC noise filter 112 , the DC bus unit 113 , the busbar 114 , and the AC output board 115 are located in the second subspace.

[0082] Please continue reading Figure 2 In some embodiments, the auxiliary source board 111 is located above the fan auxiliary source board 108 , the DC bus unit 113 is located above the power board 116 , and the AC noise filter and the control board are located above the DC bus unit 113 .

[0083] In this way, by setting the positions of the multiple functional boards, the positions of the multiple functional boards in the energy storage converter are made more reasonable, and the connection and heat dissipation between the multiple functional boards are more convenient.

[0084] Please continue reading Figure 2 The energy storage converter also includes a second cooling fan group 105 .

[0085] The second cooling fan group 105 is located on the backplane at a position corresponding to the first subspace, and is used to cool the control board 109, the fan auxiliary source board 108, and the auxiliary source board 111 in the first subspace.

[0086] Please continue reading Figure 2 , further including a third cooling fan group 110.

[0087] The third cooling fan group 110 is located on the backplane at a position corresponding to the second subspace, and is used to cool the AC noise filter 112, the DC bus unit 113, the busbar 114 and the AC output board 115 in the second subspace.

[0088] Here, it should be noted that, since the DC bus unit 113 is relatively wide, part of the DC bus unit 113 is located in the first subspace, and the part of the DC bus unit 113 located in the first subspace is cooled by the second cooling fan assembly 105 .

[0089] Specifically, a third ventilation hole corresponding to the second cooling fan group is formed on the front panel of the box, and a first internal cooling air duct is formed between the third ventilation hole and the second cooling fan group; a fourth ventilation hole corresponding to the third cooling fan group is also formed on the front panel of the box, and a second internal cooling air duct is formed between the fourth ventilation hole and the third cooling fan group.

[0090] In this way, effective cooling of multiple functional boards in the energy storage converter is ensured.

[0091] As an example, see Figure 2 Since the wind resistance of the functional panels in the first internal cooling air duct is lower than the wind resistance of the functional panels in the second cooling air duct, the number of the second cooling fan group can be less than the number of the third cooling fan group.

[0092] Optionally, the energy storage converter also includes an LC filter module, which consists of multiple filter capacitors and filter inductors. These filter inductors and capacitors can filter out the battery's double-frequency current and ripple. These components have a low failure rate and a long lifespan, making them less susceptible to failure. However, the filter inductors are relatively heavy, so multiple filter inductors should be installed closely together.

[0093] In one possible implementation manner, one side of the LC filter module is connected to the AC / DC power conversion module, and the other side is connected to the battery high-voltage box.

[0094] Optionally, the front panel of the box is provided with the positive pole of the power conversion system (PCS) AC interface, the negative pole of the PCS AC interface, the low-voltage 15V test terminal, the positive pole of the battery high-voltage box, the negative pole of the battery high-voltage box, the data transmission network port, the secondary control cable interface, the communication indicator light, the bypass contactor opening and closing switch, the optical fiber communication interface and the high-voltage test terminal, etc.

[0095] Among them, the positive pole of the PCS AC interface and the negative pole of the PCS AC interface are internally connected to the positive and negative poles of the bypass contactor respectively; the positive pole of the PCS AC interface and the negative pole of the PCS AC interface are used to connect in series with another high-voltage cascade energy storage converter; the positive pole of the PCS AC interface and the negative pole of the PCS AC interface are used to connect the single voltage of the AC / DC power conversion module in series to achieve medium and high voltage access; the low-voltage 15V test terminal is connected to the PMC board card. Before the high voltage of the equipment is connected, the board card is powered by an external device, and the equipment status on the board card can be observed and read; under low-voltage conditions, the PMC board card is powered to test and read the working performance of the module; the high-voltage test terminal is connected to the energy storage capacitor group. Before the equipment is powered on, the DC energy storage capacitor group can be powered by an external voltage power supply, and the high-voltage test terminal can be used to test the working performance of the module. Power on the AC / DC power conversion module and test its performance. The bypass contactor on / off switch serves as the bypass contactor's operating interface, enabling the module's self-bypass function and automatically disconnecting the bypass in the event of a bypass fault. After the module is repaired, it must be manually reset. The optical fiber communication interface is part of the PMC board's interface. After connecting to the optical fiber, it transmits PMC signals to the control cabinet backend via optical signals, or sends backend control commands to the PMC board. The energy storage batteries in the battery cluster are connected in series and then connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery high-voltage box. The data transmission network port uploads data monitored by the high-voltage box to the backend control cabinet via a 485 network cable for remote control of the equipment. The battery high-voltage box monitors parameters such as voltage, current, and temperature of the energy storage system and transmits this information to the control system. By monitoring these parameters, abnormal conditions in the system can be detected and appropriate measures can be taken. The secondary control cable interface is connected to the energy storage battery. When abnormal current or voltage conditions occur in the system, the circuit can be disconnected immediately to protect the energy storage system and other electrical equipment. The communication indicator light is electrically connected to the battery high-voltage box and is used to display the device status information monitored by the battery high-voltage box and observe the operating status of the device. Generally, red indicates a fault and green indicates normal operation.

[0096] Specifically, the enclosure may include a structural frame, front panel, right side panel, left side panel, rear ventilation panel, and top cover. The structural frame can be welded from standard profiles to support the internal components and ensure the structural strength of the device. The frame is designed with a lifting interface, which includes a lifting mechanism. The frame, front panel, right side panel, left side panel, rear ventilation panel, and top cover are all made of metal and form the equipment's protective housing.

[0097] It should be noted here that the energy storage converter proposed in this application is applied to an energy storage system, in which a battery pack, a battery management system for managing the battery pack, a fire protection system, and the like are also provided.

[0098] As an example, the battery packs are placed in the battery room of the energy storage system. The placement and number of battery packs can be customized based on actual needs. The battery packs can store grid energy during off-peak periods and supply power to external devices during peak periods, thereby shaving peak power and filling valleys to meet seasonal power supply needs. The energy storage converter is placed in the equipment room and electrically connected to the battery packs. It adjusts the output voltage, frequency, number of phases, and other electrical parameters when the battery packs output power to ensure that the battery packs can supply power to external devices. The battery management system manages the battery packs. The battery management system can specifically include an electrical cabinet placed in the equipment room and electrically connected to the battery packs to manage the battery packs' charge and discharge processes, such as monitoring the battery packs' charge and discharge voltages. The battery management system can also include temperature sensors mounted on the battery packs to monitor the battery packs' temperature and ensure their safe and reliable operation. The fire protection system is designed to initiate appropriate fire extinguishing measures upon detecting a fire. It is understood that the specific placement of the fire protection system can be determined based on actual needs. In order to ensure the safe operation of the micro energy storage system, a fire protection system can also be installed in the battery room, or in both the equipment room and the battery room.

[0099] As an example, a fire protection system may include devices such as temperature sensors, smoke sensors, automatic fire extinguishers, and controllers. The controller is connected to the temperature sensor, smoke sensor, and automatic fire extinguisher, respectively, to determine whether a fire has occurred based on the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor and the smoke sensed by the smoke sensor. If a fire is detected, the controller controls the automatic fire extinguisher to automatically release fire extinguishing agent to extinguish the fire. The partitions between the battery room and the equipment room can be made of fireproof materials. In the event of a fire in the battery room or equipment room, the partitions can effectively prevent the spread of the fire and confine it to the battery room or equipment room, effectively minimizing equipment damage and reducing the fire risk, thereby buying valuable time for rescue efforts.

[0100] Optionally, the energy storage system may further include a monitoring system, which may include at least one of an audible and visual alarm, a deflation indicator light, an exhaust mechanism, and a pressure relief mechanism. The audible and visual alarm may be arranged outside the energy storage system. When an emergency such as a fire occurs in the energy storage system, the audible and visual alarm may emit a warning signal in the form of sound and / or light to remind the staff to deal with it in time. The deflation indicator light may be arranged outside the energy storage system. The battery pack will produce a certain amount of hydrogen during the charging and discharging process. When the hydrogen in the energy storage system reaches a certain concentration, the deflation indicator light will emit a warning signal such as sound and / or light to remind the staff to perform hydrogen deflation operations on the energy storage system, thereby ensuring the safety of the operation of the energy storage system. The exhaust mechanism can be used to perform hydrogen deflation operations on the energy storage system. The exhaust mechanism may include an exhaust fan, which is turned on manually or automatically when hydrogen deflation operations are required.

[0101] The energy storage converter of the above energy storage system sinks the capacitor plate into the lower space of the low-pressure cabin, which not only makes the layout of the energy storage converter of the energy storage system more reasonable, but also ensures the separation of the high and low pressure cabins.

[0102] Moreover, sinking the capacitor plate into the lower space of the low-pressure cabin also makes it easier to select the capacitor elements in the capacitor plate.

[0103] In an exemplary embodiment, an energy storage system is provided, comprising: a battery pack, a management subsystem, a thermal management subsystem, and the energy storage converter of the energy storage system in any of the above embodiments.

[0104] In an exemplary embodiment, an electric device is provided, comprising the energy storage converter of the energy storage system in any of the above embodiments.

[0105] Please note that the above embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0106] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0107] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0108] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present patent application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An energy storage converter for an energy storage system, characterized in that: include: Box; The high-voltage chamber is located in the box of the energy storage converter and close to the front panel of the box; A low-pressure cabin is located in the box of the energy storage converter near the back plate of the box, the low-pressure cabin includes an adjacent low-pressure cabin upper space and a low-pressure cabin lower space, the upper space of the low-pressure cabin is provided with a variety of functional boards, and the lower space of the low-pressure cabin is provided with a radiator, a plurality of inductor and capacitor plates; The high-pressure cabin includes an adjacent high-pressure cabin upper space and a high-pressure cabin lower space. A variety of high-voltage components are arranged in the high-pressure cabin upper space. The high-pressure cabin lower space is connected to the low-pressure cabin lower space. A plurality of first ventilation holes are arranged at positions on the front panel of the box body corresponding to the lower space of the output cabin. A plurality of second ventilation holes are arranged at positions on the back panel of the box body corresponding to the lower space of the power conversion control cabin. The plurality of first ventilation holes and the plurality of second ventilation holes are used to dissipate heat from the low-pressure cabin lower space and the low-pressure cabin lower space. The interconnected lower space of the high-pressure cabin and the lower space of the low-pressure cabin form an external air duct, and a first cooling fan group is provided in the lower space of the high-pressure cabin; The plurality of inductors include a first inductor group and a second inductor group, the capacitor plate is disposed on a tray between the first inductor group and the second inductor group, and the plurality of inductors in the first inductor group and the second inductor group are arranged at intervals; The tray includes an air guide opening, an air guide end of the air guide opening is connected to the radiator, and a width of the air guide end of the air guide opening is greater than a width of the tray; The plurality of inductors are arranged at a first angle, and the first angle is the angle between the width direction of the base of each inductor and the width direction of the box.

2. The energy storage converter of the energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of inductors and the capacitor plates are arranged in parallel at a first position close to the back plate, and the heat sink is located between the first cooling fan and the first position.

3. The energy storage converter of the energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper space of the low-pressure cabin includes a first subspace and a second adjacent subspace, and the multiple functional boards include a power board, a control board, an auxiliary source board, a fan auxiliary source board, an AC noise filter, a DC bus unit, a busbar, and an AC output board; Wherein, the control board, the fan auxiliary source board, and the auxiliary source board are located in the first subspace.

4. The energy storage converter of the energy storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power board, the AC noise filter, the DC bus unit, the busbar, and the AC output board are located in the second subspace.

5. The energy storage converter of the energy storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The auxiliary source board is located above the fan auxiliary source board, the DC bus unit is located above the power board, and the AC noise filter and the control board are located above the DC bus unit.

6. The energy storage converter of the energy storage system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The energy storage converter further includes a second cooling fan group; The second cooling fan group is located on the backplane at a position corresponding to the first subspace, and is used to cool the control board and the auxiliary source board in the first subspace.

7. The energy storage converter of the energy storage system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The energy storage converter further includes a third cooling fan group; The third cooling fan group is located on the backplane at a position corresponding to the second subspace, and is used to cool the power board, the AC noise filter, the DC bus unit, the busbar and the AC output board in the second subspace.

8. The energy storage converter of the energy storage system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A third ventilation hole corresponding to the second cooling fan group is formed on the front panel of the box, and a first internal cooling air duct is formed between the third ventilation hole and the second cooling fan group; The front panel of the box body is further formed with fourth ventilation holes corresponding to the third cooling fan group, and a second internal cooling air duct is formed between the fourth ventilation holes and the third cooling fan group.

9. An energy storage system, characterized in that: include: Battery pack; Management subsystem; thermal management subsystem; The energy storage converter of the energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. An electrical device, characterized in that: Comprising the energy storage system as claimed in claim 9.

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