Power supply equipment control guide circuit, circuit board and control guide method

Abstract

The invention discloses a power supply equipment control guide circuit in the field of power supply equipment manufacturing, which is used for level conversion between a power supply equipment unit and a receiving equipment unit and comprises a first level transmission conversion unit and a second level transmission conversion unit, the input end of the first level transmission conversion unit is connected with the output end of the power supply equipment unit, and the output end is connected with the input end of the receiving equipment unit; the input end of the second level transmission conversion unit is connected with the output end of the power supply equipment unit, and the output end is connected with the input end of the receiving equipment unit; the first level transmission and conversion unit and the second level transmission and conversion unit are arranged in parallel; in actual use, the driving and turn-off voltage amplitudes of the two unit transistors are both below 20V, the switching speed of the transistors is improved, the energy consumption of the system is reduced, the rising edge and falling time of PWM signals is greatly shortened, and the amplified CPPWM edge is steep, smooth and free of an overshoot phenomenon and meets the national standard test requirement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of power supply equipment manufacturing, and specifically relates to a control and guidance circuit, a circuit board, and a control and guidance method for a power supply equipment. Background Art

[0002] With the popularization of electric vehicles, there are more and more supporting power supply equipment. To solve the compatibility problem of the charging system between electric vehicles of different manufacturers and power supply equipment, GB / T 18487.1-2023 stipulates the signal design requirements for the control and guidance circuit of power supply equipment, and GB / T 34657.1-2017 stipulates the signal test requirements for the control and guidance circuit of power supply equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a control and guidance circuit, a circuit board, and a control and guidance method for a power supply equipment, and the parameters of the control and guidance circuit can simultaneously meet the signal design requirements and signal test requirements of the national standard for the control and guidance circuit of power supply equipment.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the following technical solutions are adopted in this application: In the first aspect, a control and guidance circuit for a power supply equipment is used for level conversion between a power supply equipment unit and a receiving equipment unit, and includes a first level transmission and conversion unit and a second level transmission and conversion unit; The input end of the first level transmission and conversion unit is connected to the output end of the power supply equipment unit, and the output end is connected to the input end of the receiving equipment unit; The input end of the second level transmission and conversion unit is connected to the output end of the power supply equipment unit, and the output end is connected to the input end of the receiving equipment unit; the first level transmission and conversion unit and the second level transmission and conversion unit are arranged in parallel, where the first level transmission and conversion unit is used to form a positive power supply voltage or cut-off after level conversion; the second level transmission and conversion unit is used to form a negative power supply voltage or cut-off after level conversion.

[0005] A further solution of this application is that the first level transmission and conversion unit includes a first transistor, a third transistor, and a first resistor; The first end of the first transistor is connected to the control port of the power supply equipment unit, the second end of the first transistor is connected to the third transistor and the first end of the first resistor, the third end of the first transistor is connected to the ground electrode of the power supply equipment unit, the second ends of the third transistor and the first resistor are connected to the positive electrode of the power supply equipment unit, and the third end of the third transistor is connected to the input end of the receiving equipment unit.

[0006] A further solution of this application is that the second level transmission and conversion unit includes a second transistor, a fourth transistor, and a second resistor; The first end of the second transistor is connected to the control port of the power supply device unit, the second end of the second transistor is connected to the positive pole of the power supply device unit, and the third end of the second transistor is connected to the first end of the fourth transistor and the first end of the second resistor; the second end of the fourth transistor and the second end of the second resistor are connected to the negative power supply of the power supply device unit, and the third end of the fourth transistor is connected to the input end of the receiving device unit.

[0007] A further solution of the present application further includes a resistor unit, and the resistor unit includes a third resistor and a fourth resistor; The third resistor is connected between the output end of the first level transmission conversion unit and the input end of the receiving device unit, and the fourth resistor is connected between the output end of the second level transmission conversion unit and the input end of the receiving device unit.

[0008] A further solution of the present application is that the output signal of the power supply device unit is of the PWM type, and the duty cycle is any value between 0% and 100%, and the duty cycle tolerance is between ±0.5%.

[0009] A further solution is that the equivalent resistance values of the third resistor and the fourth resistor are 1 kΩ.

[0010] In a second aspect, the present application provides a circuit board, and the circuit board includes the above-mentioned power supply device control guiding circuit.

[0011] In a second aspect, the present application provides a control guiding method, which is applied to the above-mentioned power supply device unit; including Obtaining the output signal of the power supply device; The first level transmission conversion unit and the second level transmission conversion unit control the level conversion according to the level of the output signal, and output the negative power supply voltage or the positive power supply voltage or cut off.

[0012] A further solution of the present application is that the processing process of the first level transmission conversion unit and the second level transmission conversion unit includes Obtaining the MCU_PWM signal; When the MCU_PWM signal is at a high level, the voltage at the output end of the first level transmission conversion unit is the +VCC signal, and at the same time, the output end of the second level transmission conversion unit floats; When the MCU_PWM signal is at a low level, the output end of the first level transmission conversion unit floats, and at the same time, the voltage at the output end of the second level transmission conversion unit is the -VCC signal.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present application are: When this application is in use, the control signal's high and low level signals respectively pass through the first level transmission and conversion unit and the second level transmission and conversion unit. In actual use, the transistor drive and turn-off voltage amplitudes of both units are below 20V. This not only solves the common problem of low withstand voltage of components in the ±12V dual power supply PWM signal push-pull circuit, but also improves the transistor switching speed, reduces the system energy consumption, greatly shortens the rise and fall times of the PWM signal, and makes the amplified CP_PWM edge steep, smooth, and without overshoot phenomenon, meeting the national standard test requirements.

[0014] Among them, the circuit structure is simple and occupies little space. It consists of only 4 transistors and 2 resistors, without the need to use high-speed optocouplers or operational amplifiers. The components used are simple and common. For example, using 2-channel integrated transistors can further reduce the occupied space; the circuit has strong driving ability, ensuring that the PWM signal waveform is not distorted, and the PWM signal provided to the vehicle meets the design specifications of the standard requirements and the circuit has excellent EMC performance. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 is the logic diagram of the power supply device control and guidance circuit in the embodiment of this application; Figure 2 is the circuit diagram of the power supply device control and guidance circuit in the embodiment of this application; Figure 3 is the flowchart of the control and guidance method in the embodiment of this application.

[0016] Among them: 1. Power supply device unit; 2. First level transmission and conversion unit; 3. Second level transmission and conversion unit; 4. Resistor unit; 5. Receiving device unit. Detailed Embodiments

[0017] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and in no way limits this application and its application or use. Embodiment 1

[0018] Such as Figure 1As shown, this embodiment discloses a power supply device control and guidance circuit for level conversion between a power supply device unit 1 (which transmits an MCU_PWM signal) and a receiving device unit 5 (which receives a CP_PWM signal). The control and guidance circuit includes a first level transmission and conversion unit 2 and a second level transmission and conversion unit 3. The input end of the first level transmission and conversion unit 2 is connected to the output end of the power supply device unit 1, and the output end is connected to the input end of the receiving device unit 5. The input end of the second level transmission and conversion unit 3 is connected to the output end of the power supply device unit 1, and the output end is connected to the input end of the receiving device unit 5. The resistor unit 4 is connected between the CP_PWM signal and the two level transmission and conversion units. The first level transmission and conversion unit 2 and the second level transmission and conversion unit 3 are arranged in parallel. When the circuit works, the first level transmission and conversion unit 2 can output the positive power supply voltage or cut off after level conversion. The second level transmission and conversion unit 3 can output the negative power supply voltage or cut off after level conversion.

[0019] When the MCU_PWM signal is at a high level, the first level transmission and conversion unit 2 is disabled so that the voltage at its output end is the +VCC signal, which is supplied to the electric vehicle through the resistor unit 3. At the same time, the second level transmission and conversion unit 3 is disabled so that its output end floats. When the MCU_PWM signal is at a low level, the first level transmission and conversion unit 2 is disabled so that its output end floats. At the same time, the second level transmission and conversion unit 3 is disabled so that the voltage at its output end is the -VCC signal, which is supplied to the electric vehicle through the resistor unit 3.

[0020] In some embodiments, the control and guidance circuit is arranged as shown in the appendix Figure 1 、 2 As shown, the power supply device control and guidance circuit is composed of a first level transmission and conversion unit 2, a second level transmission and conversion unit 3, and a resistor unit 4. The resistor unit 4 includes a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4. The third resistor R3 is connected between the output end of the first level transmission and conversion unit 2 and the input end of the receiving device unit 5. The fourth resistor R4 is connected between the output end of the second level transmission and conversion unit 3 and the input end of the receiving device unit 5. In this embodiment, the resistor R3 is the equivalent resistor between the output end of the first level transmission and conversion unit 2 and the vehicle interface CP_PWM, and can be composed of one or more resistors. The equivalent resistance value of R3 here is 1 kΩ. The resistor R4 is the equivalent resistor between the output end of the second level transmission and conversion unit 3 and the vehicle interface CP_PWM, and can be composed of one or more resistors. The equivalent resistance value of R4 here is 1 kΩ.

[0021] When the MCU_PWM signal is at a high level, the first level transfer and conversion unit 2 is disabled, causing the voltage at the output terminal of the control and guidance circuit to be the +VCC signal. After the current is reduced by the resistor unit 4, it is provided to the electric vehicle. At the same time, the second level transfer and conversion unit 3 is disabled, causing the output terminal of the control and guidance circuit to float. When the MCU_PWM signal is at a low level, the first level transfer and conversion unit 2 is disabled, causing the output terminal of the control and guidance circuit to float. At the same time, the second level transfer and conversion unit 3 is disabled, causing the voltage at the output terminal of the control and guidance circuit to be the -VCC signal. After the current is reduced by the resistor unit 4, it is provided to the electric vehicle.

[0022] As shown in the Figure 2 attachment, in this embodiment, the signal output from the MCU control port is of the PWM type, and the duty cycle is any value between 0% and 100%, with a duty cycle tolerance within ±0.5%.

[0023] Among them, the power supply positive +VCC voltage value is usually 12V, with a voltage tolerance of ±0.6V; the power supply negative -VCC voltage value is usually -12V, with a voltage tolerance of ±0.6V; the high and low levels of the MCU_PWM are the operating voltages of the MCU. Usually, the high level is 3.3V or 5V, and the low level is 0V. The first level transfer and conversion unit 2 includes a first transistor Q1, a third transistor Q3, and a first resistor R1. The first end of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the control port of the MCU. The second end of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the third transistor Q3 and the first end of the first resistor R1. The third end of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the ground electrode of the MCU. The second ends of the third transistor Q3 and the first resistor R1 are connected to the positive electrode of the MCU. The third end of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the input terminal of the receiving device unit 5. When the MCU_PWM signal is at a high level, the first transistor Q1 is driven to conduct, causing the third transistor Q3 to output a +12V voltage, and a +12V voltage signal is provided after passing through the third resistor R3. When the MCU_PWM signal is at a low level, the first transistor Q1 is made to cut off, and the first resistor R1 is pulled up to make the third transistor Q3 cut off, achieving a floating output.

[0024] The second-level transmission conversion unit 3 includes a second transistor Q2, a fourth transistor Q4, and a second resistor R2; the first end of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the control port of the MCU, the second end of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the positive power supply of the MCU, and the third end of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the first end of the fourth transistor Q4 and the first end of the second resistor R2; the second end of the fourth transistor Q4 and the second end of the second resistor R2 are connected to the negative power supply of the MCU, and the third end of the fourth transistor Q4 is connected to the input end of the receiving device unit 5; when the MCU_PWM signal is at a low level, the second transistor Q2 is driven to conduct, causing the fourth transistor Q4 to output a -12V voltage signal, which is supplied to the electric vehicle through the fourth resistor R4; when the MCU_PWM signal is at a high level, the second transistor Q2 is turned off, and the second resistor R2 is pulled down to turn off the fourth transistor Q4 to achieve a floating output; in this embodiment, the guiding circuit can adaptively select the first-level transmission conversion unit 2 and the second-level transmission conversion unit 3 according to the output signal level of the power supply device unit 1, and the corresponding level transmission conversion unit outputs appropriate positive and negative voltages according to requirements; among them, Q1 / Q3 / Q2 / Q4 are selected as high-speed switching transistors (such as 2N2222A and 2N2907A), and the switching time < 100ns.

[0025] In the use of the circuit in this embodiment, the rise and fall times of the PWM signal at the MCU control port are less than 2 μs, and the rise and fall times of the output PWM signal after the PWM high and low level signals are transmitted and level-converted are less than 2 μs.

[0026] In some other embodiments, the control guiding circuit is fully applied in the charging pile safety protection system; the following are set in the circuit: Overcurrent protection: A self-resetting fuse (such as MF-R050) is connected in series with R3 / R4.

[0027] Short-circuit protection: Schottky diodes (such as 1N5819) are connected in series at the collectors of Q3 / Q4 to prevent reverse current.

[0028] Status feedback: The output status is fed back to the MCU in real time through an optocoupler (such as PC817).

[0029] Working process: When an output short circuit is detected, the fuse blows, and at the same time the MCU turns off the PWM signal.

[0030] After the fault is removed, the fuse automatically recovers and the circuit resumes operation.

[0031] Signal characteristics: The fault response time < 10 ms to avoid equipment damage.

[0032] The protection mechanism does not affect the normal signal transmission performance. Embodiment 2

[0033] This embodiment provides a circuit board, which includes the power supply device control and guiding circuit and the PCB in the first embodiment above, and the power supply device control and guiding circuit is installed on the PCB. Embodiment Three

[0034] This embodiment discloses a control and guiding method, which is implemented based on the power supply device control and guiding circuit in the first embodiment above. The control and guiding method includes the following steps: Obtain the MCU_PWM signal; when the MCU_PWM signal is at a high level, drive the first transistor Q1 to conduct, so that the third transistor Q3 outputs a +12V voltage, and after passing through the third resistor R3, a +12V voltage signal is provided; when the MCU_PWM signal is at a low level, make the first transistor Q1 cut off, and pull up the first resistor R1 to make the third transistor Q3 cut off to achieve a floating output; when the MCU_PWM signal is at a low level, drive the second transistor Q2 to conduct, so that the fourth transistor Q4 outputs a -12V voltage signal, and supply it to the electric vehicle through the fourth resistor R4; when the MCU_PWM signal is at a high level, make the second transistor Q2 cut off, and pull down the second resistor R2 to make the fourth transistor Q4 cut off to achieve a floating output.

[0035] It can be seen from the above new embodiments that the control and guiding circuit of the present invention not only meets the basic functional requirements, but also can adapt to complex scenarios such as high voltage, high frequency, harsh environment, safety protection and multi-protocol compatibility through component selection, topology optimization and function expansion. All embodiments retain the core advantages - low cost, high response speed, and signal integrity, and further verify its comprehensiveness in technical standards, reliability and flexibility. In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more.

[0036] In the description of this application, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly stipulated and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood through specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A control and guiding circuit for a power supply device, which is used for level conversion between a power supply device unit and a receiving device unit, and is characterized in that It includes a first level transmission conversion unit and a second level transmission conversion unit; The input end of the first level transmission conversion unit is connected to the output end of the power supply device unit, and the output end is connected to the input end of the receiving device unit; The input end of the second level transmission conversion unit is connected to the output end of the power supply device unit, and the output end is connected to the input end of the receiving device unit; the first level transmission conversion unit and the second level transmission conversion unit are arranged in parallel, wherein the first level transmission conversion unit is used to form a positive power supply voltage or cut-off after level conversion; the second level transmission conversion unit is used to form a negative power supply voltage or cut-off after level conversion.

2. The power supply device control and guidance circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first level transmission conversion unit includes a first transistor, a third transistor and a first resistor; The first end of the first transistor is connected to the control port of the power supply device unit, the second end of the first transistor is connected to the third transistor and the first end of the first resistor, the third end of the first transistor is connected to the ground electrode of the power supply device unit, the second ends of the third transistor and the first resistor are connected to the positive electrode of the power supply device unit, and the third end of the third transistor is connected to the input end of the receiving device unit.

3. The power supply device control and guidance circuit according to claim 1, wherein The second level transmission conversion unit consists of a second transistor, a fourth transistor and a second resistor; The first end of the second transistor is connected to the control port of the power supply device unit, the second end of the second transistor is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply device unit, the third end of the second transistor is connected to the first end of the fourth transistor and the first end of the second resistor; the second end of the fourth transistor and the second end of the second resistor are connected to the negative power supply of the power supply device unit, and the third end of the fourth transistor is connected to the input end of the receiving device unit.

4. The power supply device control and guiding circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a resistor unit, and the resistor unit includes a third resistor and a fourth resistor; The third resistor is connected between the output end of the first level transmission conversion unit and the input end of the receiving device unit, and the fourth resistor is connected between the output end of the second level transmission conversion unit and the input end of the receiving device unit.

5. The power supply device control and guidance circuit according to claim 4, wherein The equivalent resistance values of the third resistor and the fourth resistor are 1 kΩ.

6. A circuit board, characterized in that, The circuit board includes the power supply device control guiding circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. A control and guidance method, characterized in that, Applied to the power supply device unit according to any one of claims 1 to 5; Obtain the output signal of the power supply device; The first level transmission conversion unit and the second level transmission conversion unit control level conversion according to the level of the output signal, and output a negative power supply voltage or a positive power supply voltage or cut-off.

8. The control and guidance method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The processing process of the first level transmission conversion unit and the second level transmission conversion unit includes Obtain the MCU_PWM signal; When the MCU_PWM signal is at a high level, make the voltage at the output end of the first level transmission conversion unit be the +VCC signal, and at the same time, the output end of the second level transmission conversion unit floats; When the MCU_PWM signal is at a low level, make the output end of the first level transmission conversion unit float, and at the same time, the voltage at the output end of the second level transmission conversion unit is the -VCC signal.

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