An adaptive wireless communication intelligent gateway optimization method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of Internet of Things communication, and discloses a self-adaptive wireless communication intelligent gateway optimization method, which comprises the following steps: collecting wireless communication environment information; analyzing the wireless communication environment; triggering an active reporting mechanism if a node meets reporting conditions, and not triggering the active reporting mechanism if the node does not meet the reporting conditions; and performing corresponding optimization based on the data content reported in the active reporting mechanism; steps 2 and 3 are provided, which are beneficial to round trip control by adopting a dynamic polling interval adjustment mechanism, real-time acquisition of node data, adjustment of communication power according to node distance to reduce energy consumption, and reduction of node energy consumption compared with a fixed polling mechanism; meanwhile, the active reporting mechanism is adopted to timely find node communication problems, judge whether the node meets reporting conditions, timely report and trigger the active reporting mechanism if the node meets the reporting conditions, timely find node abnormalities and data abnormalities, reduce event reporting time delay, timely perform corresponding optimization, and improve communication stability.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of Internet of Things communication, more particularly to an adaptive wireless communication intelligent gateway optimization method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of agricultural Internet of Things, wireless communication technology is increasingly widely used in the field of agriculture. However, the application of existing wireless communication technology in agricultural Internet of Things still has some problems:

[0003] 1. The traditional gateway adopts a fixed polling interval, resulting in channel congestion under high load, such as a packet loss rate greater than 15%; energy waste under low load, such as idle power consumption accounting for 40%; and response delay to sudden environmental events, such as a response time exceeding 30 seconds;

[0004] 2. There are conflicts in event reporting; LoRa and other protocols use ALOHA random access mechanism, and when multiple nodes report at the same time, the data collision probability increases exponentially with the number of nodes, and the number of retransmissions increases, resulting in increased energy consumption.

[0005] In view of this, the present application provides an adaptive wireless communication intelligent gateway optimization method. SUMMARY

[0006] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present application provides an adaptive wireless communication intelligent gateway optimization method, which uses a dynamic polling interval adjustment mechanism for round-trip control, real-time acquisition of node data and adjustment of communication power according to node distance to reduce energy consumption; at the same time, an active reporting mechanism is used to discover node communication problems in time and optimize them to improve communication stability, thereby solving the problems existing in the background technology.

[0007] The present application provides the following technical scheme: an adaptive wireless communication intelligent gateway optimization method, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step 1, collect wireless communication environment information: real-time monitoring of wireless communication environment by gateway device, collect parameters;

[0009] Step 2, analyze the wireless communication environment: use a dynamic polling interval adjustment mechanism to process node data and determine whether the node meets the reporting condition;

[0010] Step 3, if the node meets the reporting condition, trigger the active reporting mechanism, if the node does not meet the reporting condition, do not trigger;

[0011] Step 4, based on the data content reported in the active reporting mechanism, make corresponding optimization.

[0012] Preferably, the dynamic polling interval adjustment mechanism for processing node data is specifically:

[0013] Step 21: Obtain the latest polling period as a current polling period, based on which the gateway sends a polling signal to all nodes, requesting the nodes to return data;

[0014] Step 22: After receiving the polling signal, the node determines whether the node is within the communication range of the gateway, if yes, the node returns data, if not, the node enters a sleep state;

[0015] Step 23: The gateway receives the data returned by the node, determines whether the node meets the reporting condition, and obtains the communication distance of the next node;

[0016] Step 24: According to the communication distance of the next node, the gateway dynamically adjusts the transmission power to improve the effective communication probability with the next node;

[0017] Step 25: Repeat steps 22 and 24 until all nodes complete the round-trip control, and obtain a new polling period.

[0018] Preferably, the specific way of determining whether the node is within the communication range of the gateway is:

[0019] Step 221: Obtain the communication effectiveness index of the node;

[0020] Step 222: Set a determination threshold to determine the communication effectiveness index.

[0021] Preferably, the specific way of obtaining the communication effectiveness index of the node is:

[0022] Obtain the received signal strength indication and the received signal strength indication reference value of the node by measurement;

[0023] Obtain the error code rate of the node by CRC check;

[0024] Record the precise time stamp by the gateway to obtain the latest data packet round-trip time of the node and the maximum allowed round-trip time;

[0025] Obtain the communication effectiveness index of the node based on the above data.

[0026] Preferably, the specific way of setting the determination threshold to determine the communication effectiveness index is:

[0027] Set the determination threshold And , is the first determination threshold, is the second determination threshold;

[0028] When When the determination node is within the communication range of the gateway and in the effective communication range of the gateway;

[0029] When the determination node is within the communication range of the gateway but in the edge communication area of the gateway, a retransmission compensation mechanism can be started;

[0030] When the determination node is not within the communication range, i.e., the node is out of the communication range.

[0031] Preferably, the specific manner of determining whether the node meets the reporting condition is as follows:

[0032] Step 231: determining whether the node has a data abnormality trigger item, if yes, the node meets the reporting condition, if not, the node does not meet the reporting condition;

[0033] Step 232: determining whether the node has a link quality abnormality trigger item, if yes, the node meets the reporting condition, if not, the node does not meet the reporting condition.

[0034] Preferably, the specific process of determining whether the node has a data abnormality trigger item in the step 231 is as follows:

[0035] acquiring a data threshold corresponding to the node;

[0036] adopting an adaptive algorithm to dynamically update the data threshold;

[0037] if the real-time data of the node meets the data abnormality condition, the node has the data abnormality trigger item, otherwise, the node does not have the data abnormality trigger item.

[0038] Preferably, the specific process of determining whether the node has a link quality abnormality trigger item in the step 232 includes:

[0039] determining whether the link quality of the node meets a set link quality threshold, if not, the node has the link quality trigger item, if yes, the node does not have the link quality trigger item.

[0040] Preferably, the specific process of determining whether the node has a link quality abnormality trigger item in the step 232 further includes:

[0041] when the value of RSSI is greater, the signal quality is better;

[0042] When the link quality abnormality trigger item exists;

[0043] When the link quality abnormality trigger item does not exist;

[0044] the RSSI threshold, at which is the allowed minimum value of RSSI;

[0045] When the value of RSSI is smaller, the signal quality is better, then:

[0046] When , there is a link quality abnormal trigger item;

[0047] When , there is no link quality abnormal trigger item;

[0048] The RSSI threshold, at which is the allowed maximum value of RSSI.

[0049] Preferably, the obtaining of the new polling period is specifically:

[0050]

[0051] Wherein, represents the new polling period; represents the basic polling period; represents the current number of active nodes, i.e. the number of nodes not in the sleep state; represents the total number of all nodes; represents the channel quality reference value; represents the real-time channel quality index; represents the adjustment coefficient.

[0052] Technical effects and advantages of the present application:

[0053] The present application is provided with steps 2 and 3, which is beneficial to the round trip control by adopting a dynamic polling interval adjustment mechanism, real-time acquisition of node data and adjustment of communication power according to the node distance to reduce energy consumption, and reduces the node energy consumption compared with the fixed polling mechanism; at the same time, the active reporting mechanism is adopted to discover the node communication problem in time, to judge whether the node meets the reporting condition, if it meets, it reports in time and triggers the active reporting mechanism, which can discover the node abnormality and data abnormality in time, reduces the event reporting delay, and timely optimizes the corresponding to improve the communication stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0054] Figure 1 is the adaptive wireless communication intelligent gateway optimization method flowchart of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] ​The technical solutions in the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the present application. In addition, the forms of each structure described in the following embodiments are only examples, and the adaptive wireless communication intelligent gateway optimization method involved in the present application is not limited to each structure described in the following embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0056] Embodiment 1: As shown in the present application, an adaptive wireless communication intelligent gateway optimization method is provided, comprising the following steps: Figure 1

[0057] Step 1, collecting wireless communication environment information: collecting signal strength, channel quality, node quantity, communication distance between the gateway and the node, and gateway communication radius and other parameters by monitoring the wireless communication environment in real time through the gateway device;

[0058] Step 2, analyzing the wireless communication environment: processing node data by using a dynamic polling interval adjustment mechanism, and determining whether the node meets the reporting condition;

[0059] Step 3, triggering the active reporting mechanism if the node meets the reporting condition, and not triggering if the node does not meet the reporting condition; the active reporting mechanism reports the trigger item that meets the reporting condition, and the data content reported includes the trigger item of the reporting condition and the data trigger value; the trigger item of the reporting condition includes the data abnormal trigger item and the link quality abnormal trigger item, and the data trigger value is the data value when the data abnormality and the link quality abnormality are triggered;

[0060] Step 4, performing corresponding optimization based on the data content reported in the active reporting mechanism; for example, if the data content reported is link quality abnormality, corresponding optimization operations such as improving signal quality and reducing bit error rate are taken to improve link quality.

[0061] In this embodiment, it needs to be specifically pointed out that the processing of node data by using the dynamic polling interval adjustment mechanism is specifically:

[0062] Step 21: obtaining the latest polling period as the current polling period, and based on the current polling period, the gateway sends a polling signal to all nodes to request the nodes to return data;

[0063] Step 22: after the node receives the polling signal, it is determined whether the node is within the communication range of the gateway, if it is within the communication range of the gateway, the node returns data, if it is not within the communication range of the gateway, the node enters a sleep state;

[0064] ​Step 23: The gateway receives the data returned by the node, determines whether the node meets the reporting conditions, and obtains the communication distance of the next node.

[0065] Step 24: Based on the communication distance to the next node, the gateway dynamically adjusts the transmission power to increase the probability of effective communication with the next node;

[0066] Step 25: Repeat steps 22 and 24 until all nodes complete round-trip control and obtain a new polling cycle.

[0067] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that the method for determining whether the node is within the communication range of the gateway is as follows:

[0068] Step 221: Obtain the communication effectiveness index of the node;

[0069] Step 222: Set a threshold to determine the communication effectiveness index.

[0070] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that the method for obtaining the communication effectiveness index of the node is as follows:

[0071] ;

[0072] in, Indicates the first The communication effectiveness index of each node; Indicates the first The received signal strength indication of each node, in dBm, can be obtained through measurement; This indicates the received signal strength reference value, in dBm. It can be determined experimentally in an accessible laboratory environment at a specific distance from the gateway, such as 100 meters. For example, the signal strength of a LoRa module at a distance of 100 meters from the gateway... ; Indicates the first The bit error rate of each node can be obtained through CRC check. The value ranges from 0 to 1. When, it indicates the first The bit error rate of each node is 0, meaning there are no errors. When, it indicates the first The bit error rate of each node is 100%, meaning all nodes are faulty; This represents the bit error rate attenuation coefficient, reflecting the weight of the impact of bit errors on communication quality. In this embodiment, we select... ; This indicates the maximum allowed round-trip time, in milliseconds (ms). It can be set by someone skilled in the art according to the network protocol, such as in LoRaWAN Class A mode. ; Indicates the first The round-trip time of the most recent data packet for each node, in milliseconds, can be accurately recorded by the gateway to obtain the total time required from sending data to the node to receiving data back from the node, i.e., the round-trip time of the data packet. This represents the delay weighting coefficient, used to balance the contribution ratio of signal strength and delay. In this embodiment, we select... .

[0073] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that the specific method for setting the judgment threshold to determine the communication effectiveness index is as follows:

[0074] Set the judgment threshold and , The first judgment threshold is... This is the second threshold for judgment;

[0075] when When the node is within the gateway's communication range and is within the gateway's valid communication range, it is determined that the node is within the gateway's communication range.

[0076] when If a node is determined to be within the gateway's communication range but located in the gateway's edge communication area, a retransmission compensation mechanism can be initiated.

[0077] when When this happens, the node is determined to be outside the communication range, meaning the node has left the communication range.

[0078] The and The value can be set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation. In this embodiment, the value is selected. , .

[0079] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that the method for determining whether a node meets the reporting conditions is as follows:

[0080] Step 231: Determine if there is a data anomaly trigger item on the node. If it exists, determine if the node meets the reporting conditions. If it does not exist, the node does not meet the reporting conditions.

[0081] Step 232: Determine if there is a link quality anomaly trigger item on the node. If it exists, determine if the node meets the reporting conditions. If it does not exist, determine if the node does not meet the reporting conditions.

[0082] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that the process of determining whether a node has a data anomaly trigger item in step 231 is as follows:

[0083] Obtain the data threshold corresponding to the node; if the node is a temperature sensor, the corresponding data is temperature; if the node is a humidity sensor, the corresponding data is humidity.

[0084] The data threshold is dynamically updated using an adaptive algorithm:

[0085] ;

[0086] in, Indicates the first Data threshold for each node Indicates the first The historical average of each node Indicates the first The standard deviation of historical data for each node Represents the sensitivity coefficient, satisfying The specific values ​​can be set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation. In this embodiment, the selected values ​​are... ;;

[0087] If the real-time data of a node meets the data anomaly conditions, then the node has a data anomaly trigger item; otherwise, there is no data anomaly trigger item. The data anomaly conditions can be exceeding a threshold or not reaching a threshold. For example, if the node is a humidity sensor with a data threshold of 40% and the data anomaly condition is not reaching the threshold, then a data anomaly trigger item exists when the node data, i.e., the humidity, is less than 40%. If the node is a temperature sensor with a data threshold of 35℃ and the data anomaly condition is exceeding the threshold, then a data anomaly trigger item exists when the node data, i.e., the temperature, is greater than 35℃.

[0088] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that the specific process of determining whether a node has a link quality anomaly trigger item in step 232 is as follows:

[0089] Judgment Method 1:

[0090] The link quality of a node is determined to be whether it meets the set link quality threshold. If it does not meet the threshold, a link quality triggering item is present; if it does meet the threshold, no link quality triggering item is present. The link quality threshold can be set by those skilled in the art based on the actual situation. The link quality of a node can be obtained by performing LQI measurement on the physical layer.

[0091] Judgment Method Two:

[0092] When a higher RSSI value indicates better signal quality, then:

[0093] when At that time, there were link quality anomaly trigger items;

[0094] when At that time, there were no link quality anomaly triggers.

[0095] The This indicates the received signal strength indicator threshold. This is the minimum allowable value for the signal reception strength indication;

[0096] When a smaller RSSI value indicates better signal quality, then:

[0097] when At that time, there were link quality anomaly trigger items;

[0098] when At that time, there were no link quality anomaly triggers.

[0099] The This indicates the received signal strength indicator threshold. The maximum allowed value for the received signal strength indication;

[0100] In practical applications, the RSSI value is affected by various factors, including transmit power, distance, obstacles, and interference. The RSSI value is not necessarily better the smaller it is or the larger it is. Therefore, the received signal strength indication threshold needs to be set according to the specific usage scenario and equipment characteristics to better evaluate signal quality. The maximum and minimum allowable values ​​are the link quality abnormality limits set by those skilled in the art based on the specific usage scenario and equipment characteristics. This embodiment does not specifically limit these values. Either judgment method one or judgment method two can be selected for judgment.

[0101] In this embodiment, it should be specifically noted that the communication distance for obtaining the next node can be expressed by the following formula:

[0102] ;in, Indicates the first The distance between each node and the gateway. Indicates the first The time it takes for each node to receive polling signals. Indicates to the first The time it takes for each node to send a polling signal. Represents the speed of light. The unit is m / s;

[0103] The gateway dynamically adjusts its transmission power based on the communication distance. Specifically, when the communication distance is 0-50m, the transmission power can be adjusted to 10-14dBm; when the communication distance is 50-200m, the transmission power can be adjusted to 14-20dBm; and when the communication distance exceeds 200m, the transmission power can be adjusted to 20-27dBm.

[0104] In this embodiment, it needs to be specifically pointed out that the new polling period is specifically obtained as follows: ;

[0105] Among them, represents the new polling period; represents the basic polling period, and the embodiment selects ; represents the current number of active nodes, that is, the number of nodes that have not entered the sleep state; represents the number of all existing nodes; represents the channel quality reference value, for example, -85dBm corresponds to the channel reference value ; represents the real-time channel quality index, which can be obtained by calculating the RSSI and the recognition rate; represents the adjustment coefficient, and the embodiment selects .

[0106] In this embodiment, it needs to be specifically pointed out that the retransmission compensation mechanism is specifically as follows:

[0107] The sending power is adjusted by establishing a signal attenuation compensation model, and the signal attenuation compensation model is represented by a formula as follows: ; Among them, represents the compensated sending power, represents the current sending power, represents the compensation coefficient of the th node, and the value range of the compensation coefficient is , and the specific value can be specifically set by the person skilled in the art according to the equipment corresponding to different nodes, and the embodiment does not specifically set the specific value; represents the data change amount corresponding to the th node, and the data change amount is relative to the historical average data value.

[0108] Embodiment 2: In combination with a specific application implementation scene, when the embodiment is applied to a greenhouse, it can be further embodied as:

[0109] The gateway node can be a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and other monitoring devices, and the embodiment takes the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor as an example, and other devices are not described in detail;

[0110] The communication environment information of the humidity sensor and the temperature sensor is collected, the wireless communication environment is analyzed, the data of the humidity sensor and the temperature sensor is processed by using a dynamic polling interval adjustment mechanism, when the channel quality is detected to be reduced, the polling period is automatically prolonged, compared with the fixed polling mechanism, the energy consumption of the humidity sensor and the temperature sensor is reduced; whether the humidity sensor and the temperature sensor meet the reporting condition is judged, if yes, timely reporting is performed and the active reporting mechanism is triggered, the abnormality of the humidity sensor and the temperature sensor and the data abnormality can be found in time, the event reporting delay is reduced, corresponding optimization is performed in time, and the communication stability is effectively improved.

[0111] Finally: the above only for the preferred embodiments of the present application, and not for limiting the present application, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principles of the present application, should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0112] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this, any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for adaptive wireless communication intelligent gateway optimization, the method comprising: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1, collecting wireless communication environment information: monitoring the wireless communication environment in real time through a gateway device to collect parameters; Step 2, analyzing the wireless communication environment: processing node data by using a dynamic polling interval adjustment mechanism, and judging whether the node meets the reporting condition; Step 3, triggering the active reporting mechanism if the node meets the reporting condition, and not triggering if the node does not meet the reporting condition; Step 4, performing corresponding optimization based on the data content reported in the active reporting mechanism; The processing of node data by using a dynamic polling interval adjustment mechanism is specifically as follows: Step 21: obtaining the latest polling period as the current polling period, and based on the current polling period, the gateway sends a polling signal to all nodes to request the nodes to return data; Step 22: after the node receives the polling signal, judging whether the node is within the communication range of the gateway, if yes, the node returns data, if not, the node enters a sleep state; Step 23: the gateway receives the data returned by the node, judges whether the node meets the reporting condition, and obtains the communication distance of the next node; Step 24: based on the communication distance of the next node, the gateway dynamically adjusts the transmission power to improve the effective communication probability with the next node; the communication distance of the next node can be represented by the formula: ; wherein, denotes the distance of the node to the gateway, denotes the time at which the node receives the polling signal, denotes the time at which the polling signal is sent to the node, denotes the speed of light, ; Step 25: repeating steps 22 and 24 until all nodes complete the round-trip control, and obtaining a new polling period; The new polling period is obtained specifically as follows: ； wherein, represents a new polling period; represents a base polling period; represents a current number of active nodes, i.e. nodes not in a sleep state; represents a total number of nodes present; represents a channel quality reference value; represents a real-time channel quality index; represents an adjustment coefficient.

2. The adaptive wireless communication intelligent gateway optimization method of claim 1, wherein: The specific way of judging whether the node is within the communication range of the gateway is as follows: Step 221: obtaining the communication effectiveness index of the node; Step 222: setting a judgment threshold to judge the communication effectiveness index.

3. The adaptive wireless communication intelligent gateway optimization method of claim 2, wherein: The specific way of obtaining the communication effectiveness index of the node is as follows: Obtaining the received signal strength indication and the received signal strength indication reference value of the node by measurement; Obtaining the error code rate of the node by CRC check; Recording the precise time stamp by the gateway to obtain the latest data packet round-trip time and the maximum allowed round-trip time of the node; Based on the above data, the communication effectiveness index of the node is obtained.

4. The adaptive wireless communication intelligent gateway optimization method of claim 3, wherein: The specific way of setting a judgment threshold to judge the communication effectiveness index is as follows: Setting a decision threshold With , is a first decision threshold, is a second decision threshold; When the decision node is within the communication range of the gateway and in the effective communication range of the gateway. When the decision node is within the communication range of the gateway but at the edge of the gateway's communication area, a retransmission compensation mechanism can be initiated. The retransmission compensation mechanism is specifically as follows: Adjusting the transmission power by establishing a signal attenuation compensation model, which is represented by the formula: ; wherein, represents the compensated sending power, represents the current sending power, represents the compensation coefficient of the th node, the compensation coefficient has a value range of represents the data variation corresponding to the th node. When the decision node is not within the communication range, i.e. the node is out of communication range.

5. The adaptive wireless communication intelligent gateway optimization method of claim 4, wherein: The specific way of judging whether the node meets the reporting condition is as follows: Step 231: judging whether the node has a data abnormal trigger item, if yes, judging that the node meets the reporting condition, if not, judging that the node does not meet the reporting condition; Step 232: judging whether the node has a link quality abnormal trigger item, if yes, judging that the node meets the reporting condition, if not, judging that the node does not meet the reporting condition.

6. The adaptive wireless communication intelligent gateway optimization method of claim 5, wherein: The specific process of judging whether the node has a data abnormal trigger item in step 231 is as follows: Obtaining the data threshold corresponding to the node; Using an adaptive algorithm to dynamically update the data threshold; ； wherein, represents a data threshold value of the first node, represents a historical data mean value of the first node, represents a historical data standard deviation of the first node, represents a sensitivity coefficient, satisfying ;​​​ If the real-time data of the node meets the data abnormal condition, the node has a data abnormal trigger item, otherwise, the node does not have a data abnormal trigger item.

7. The adaptive wireless communication intelligent gateway optimization method of claim 6, wherein: The specific process of determining whether the node has a link quality abnormal trigger in step 232 includes: determining whether the link quality of the node meets a set link quality threshold, and if not, the node has a link quality trigger, and if so, the node does not have a link quality trigger.

8. The adaptive wireless communication intelligent gateway optimization method of claim 7, wherein: The specific process of determining whether the node has a link quality abnormal trigger in step 232 also includes: When the value of RSSI is greater, the signal quality is better. When there is a link quality anomaly trigger item; When there is no link quality abnormality trigger item; The represents a received signal strength indication threshold value at which is the allowed minimum value of the signal reception strength indication; When the value of RSSI is smaller, the signal quality is better. When there is a link quality anomaly trigger item; When there is no link quality abnormality trigger item; The represents a received signal strength indication threshold value at which is the allowed maximum value of the received signal strength indication.

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