Seed treatment method for improving areca yellows

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of areca-nut planting, and particularly relates to a seed treatment method for improving areca-nut yellows. The seed treatment method for improving areca yellows provided by the invention comprises the following steps: selecting seeds; performing cleaning treatment; soaking and culturing; soaking seeds: soaking the soaked and cultured areca seeds in a seed soaking solution, applying ultrasonic treatment, and draining off the areca seeds; liquid nitrogen quick-freezing treatment is conducted, specifically, the areca seeds obtained after seed soaking treatment are placed in liquid nitrogen to be quickly frozen, and the liquid nitrogen treatment time ranges from 6 s to 10 s; plasma treatment: placing the areca seeds subjected to liquid nitrogen quick freezing treatment in a plasma seed treatment device for plasma treatment. The method provided by the invention can effectively prevent and treat areca yellows, prevent propagation of mealybugs on viruses, improve the disease resistance and improve the quality of areca, and the method is safe, reliable and lasting in effect, and has a very good popularization value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of areca nut planting, and particularly relates to a seed treatment method for improving areca nut yellowing disease. Background Art

[0002] Areca nut ( Areca catechu L.) is a perennial evergreen arbor plant of the Palmae family. It has a planting history of more than 1500 years in China. In addition to its role in landscaping tropical gardens, it also has medicinal value. It is an important southern medicine resource in China and is listed as the top of the four southern medicines.

[0003] As one of the restricting factors affecting the yield of areca nut, there are more than 40 kinds of areca nut diseases. Among them, areca nut yellowing disease (Yellow Leaf Disease, YLD) is a highly harmful disease and is the "AIDS" in areca nut production. It will inhibit the growth of areca nut and cause serious damage to its yield, resulting in a reduction of 70% - 80%. The yellowing symptoms are as follows: in the initial stage of the disease, the middle and lower leaves of the plant begin to turn yellow. The leaf tips of the outer 1 / 4 of the second to fourth pinnate compound leaves from the bottom first show yellowing and gradually develop to the yellowing of the whole plant leaves. The heart leaves become smaller, the inflorescences drawn are short and often wither and fall off in advance, and the fruit yield and quality are greatly reduced and cannot be eaten. There is a high correlation between APV1 virus and areca nut yellowing disease. In order to further understand how the APV1 virus spreads in areca nut orchards, pests in areca nut orchards in many places in Hainan were collected and nucleic acid tests were carried out. It was found that the long-tailed mealybug in the severely affected areas of areca nut yellowing disease generally carried the APV1 virus. Through the phylogenetic tree analysis of the ITS2 gene sequence, it was found that this long-tailed mealybug was closest to Pseudococcus comstocki in genetic distance, and the similarity of the ITS2 gene sequence was 98%. Mealybugs are the insect vectors of the APV1 virus, and the APV1 virus may be the pathogen of areca nut yellowing disease. During the production process, virus transmission through seeds will form diseased seedlings, resulting in field diseases in the later stage. Areca nut yellowing disease is a non-explosive disease, and its symptoms are similar to those of lack of management, which is easy to be ignored and difficult to control. But ultimately, it will inevitably lead to a decrease in yield and the death of plants.

[0004] The existing control measures for areca nut yellowing disease include the method of selecting virus-free areca nut seeds and chemical control methods. Among them, the chemical control method is: treating seeds with ammonium molybdate + amino acid foliar fertilizer, or spraying chemical agents in the later stage. However, when these chemical agents are sprayed in the later stage, the large amount of these agents used will accumulate in areca nut seeds, which is also somewhat toxic to the areca nut tree itself, and will form agent residue accumulation and endanger human health after being eaten by people. Although the method of selecting virus-free areca nut seeds does not have the defects of the above chemical control methods, it also cannot avoid the transmission of pathogens by mealybugs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problem that the method of selecting virus-free areca nut seeds in the prior art cannot avoid the transmission of mealybugs to pathogens, the present invention aims to provide a seed treatment method for improving areca nut yellowing disease, which is used to effectively control areca nut yellowing disease, improve its disease resistance, and improve the vitality of areca nut seeds. To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0006] The present invention provides a seed treatment method for improving areca nut yellowing disease, comprising the following steps: Seed selection; cleaning treatment.

[0007] Soaking and culturing: Soak the cleaned areca nut seeds with a salicylic acid solution of 0.05 mmol / L to 5 mmol / L to achieve the preservation of areca nut seeds; then culture the soaked areca nut seeds to obtain areca nut seeds after soaking and culturing.

[0008] Seed soaking treatment: Immerse the areca nut seeds after soaking and culturing in a seed soaking solution, and apply a second ultrasonic treatment at the same time to promote the absorption of nutrients and the improvement of physiological activity of areca nut seeds.

[0009] Quick freezing treatment: Drain the areca nut seeds after seed soaking treatment, and then freeze them for 6 s to 10 s to maintain the cell integrity and physiological activity of areca nut seeds.

[0010] Plasma treatment: Perform plasma treatment on the areca nut seeds after quick freezing treatment to effectively destroy or inhibit pathogenic microorganisms on the surface and inside of areca nut seeds, and improve the antiviral ability and overall health status of areca nut seeds.

[0011] The seed soaking solution is prepared from the following raw materials by mass parts: 7 to 8 parts of Houttuynia cordata, 5 to 6 parts of bezoar, 3 to 5 parts of carbendazim, 1 to 2 parts of purple sweet potato anthocyanin, 1.5 to 2.5 parts of gibberellin, 0.4 to 0.6 parts of Murraya paniculata, 0.4 to 0.6 parts of rose essential oil, 0.5 to 0.7 parts of Drosera peltata, 0.8 to 1 part of honey, 1.5 to 2.5 parts of seaweed micropowder, 1.5 to 2.5 parts of chelated iron, 1 to 2 parts of fulvic acid, 5 to 6 parts of alanine, 3 to 5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2 to 0.3 parts of potassium sorbate, and 180 to 240 parts of magnetized water.

[0012] A seed treatment method for improving areca yellowing disease provided by the present invention includes the steps of seed selection, cleaning treatment, soaking cultivation, seed soaking treatment, quick-freezing treatment and plasma treatment. First, the selected areca seeds are cleaned and soaked in a salicylic acid solution with a concentration of 0.05 mmol / L to 5 mmol / L to achieve the preservation of areca seeds. Then, the soaked areca seeds are soaked in a seed soaking solution, and then frozen for 6 s to 10 s to maintain the cell integrity and physiological activity of areca seeds. Finally, the quick-frozen areca seeds are subjected to plasma treatment to effectively destroy or inhibit pathogenic microorganisms on the surface and inside of areca seeds, and improve the antiviral ability and overall health status of areca seeds. Through the above steps, the antiviral ability of areca seeds themselves is improved, the quality of areca seeds is improved, and the transmission of pathogens by mealybugs is blocked.

[0013] Preferably, the soaking time of the soaked areca seeds in the seed soaking solution is 12 h to 72 h.

[0014] In the present invention, the selected areca seeds are soaked in a seed soaking solution. Both Houttuynia cordata and bezoar in the seed soaking solution have special effects of anti-inflammatory and detoxification. Carbendazim, purple sweet potato anthocyanin, and carnivorous plants all have antibacterial abilities to varying degrees, which can effectively prevent the growth and spread of pathogenic bacteria. The addition of seaweed powder polysaccharide to the seed soaking solution of the present invention can bind to the virus and inactivate it, thereby inhibiting the replication of the virus. In addition, Houttuynia cordata has a specific odor, and Murraya paniculata has a specific smell. The combination of the two with the fragrance of rose essential oil can expel mealybugs and block the transmission of viruses. Honey can stick to mealybugs and hinder their movement. The specific digestive juice in carnivorous plants can digest insects, all of which can achieve the effect of blocking the transmission of viruses by mealybugs. Fulvic acid, chelated iron, and gibberellin can improve the quality of areca seeds.

[0015] Preferably, the preparation method of the seed soaking solution includes the following steps: Weigh Houttuynia cordata, bezoar, carbendazim, purple sweet potato anthocyanin, gibberellin, Murraya paniculata, rose essential oil, carnivorous plants, honey, seaweed micropowder, chelated iron and magnetized water by mass parts respectively, and perform comminution treatment together to obtain mixture ①.

[0016] Take magnetized water, fulvic acid, alanine, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sorbate, add them to the mixture ① together, and perform the third ultrasonic treatment at the same time to obtain mixture ②.

[0017] Filter the mixture ②, and the obtained filtrate is the seed soaking solution.

[0018] When preparing the seed soaking solution of the present invention, first, each component is pulverized. Secondly, fulvic acid, alanine, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and potassium sorbate are added to enhance the surface activity between the components. Finally, using the electromagnetic field thermal effect of microwave treatment, the protein changes its properties, causing bacteria to lose the environment for reproduction and survival and die, playing a role in killing pathogenic bacteria. The microwave treatment can also change the rheology of the seed soaking solution, increase the interaction between the components, and improve the adhesion ability between the seed soaking solution and the seeds.

[0019] Preferably, the rotation speed of the pulverization treatment is 5000 rpm to 8000 rpm, and the time of the pulverization treatment is 15 min to 35 min.

[0020] Preferably, when magnetized water, fulvic acid, alanine, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and potassium sorbate are added to the mixture ①, stirring treatment is carried out simultaneously.

[0021] The rotation speed of the stirring treatment is 400 rmp to 1000 rmp, and the time of the stirring treatment is 10 min to 15 min.

[0022] Preferably, the frequency of the third ultrasonic treatment is 10 kHz to 50 kHz, and the time of the third ultrasonic treatment is 25 min to 30 min.

[0023] Preferably, the frequency of the second ultrasonic treatment is 60 kHz to 80 kHz, and the time of the second ultrasonic treatment is 30 min to 60 min.

[0024] Preferably, the time for the areca nut seeds after the cleaning treatment to be soaked in a 0.05 mmol / L to 5 mmol / L salicylic acid solution is 12 h to 24 h.

[0025] Preferably, the parameter range of the plasma treatment is: treatment power 60 W to 180 W, treatment time 3 s to 21 s.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention provides a seed treatment method for improving areca yellowing disease. The seed treatment method for improving areca yellowing disease provided by the present invention includes the steps of seed selection, cleaning treatment, soaking culture, seed soaking treatment, quick-freezing treatment and plasma treatment. First, the selected areca seeds are cleaned and soaked in a salicylic acid solution with a concentration of 0.05 mmol / L to 5 mmol / L to achieve the preservation of areca seeds. Then, the soaked areca seeds are soaked in a seed soaking solution, and then frozen for 6 s to 10 s to maintain the cell integrity and physiological activity of the areca seeds. Finally, the quick-frozen areca seeds are subjected to plasma treatment to effectively destroy or inhibit the pathogenic microorganisms on the surface and inside of the areca seeds, and improve the antiviral ability and overall health status of the areca seeds. Through the above steps, the antiviral ability of the areca seeds themselves is improved, the quality of the areca seeds is improved, and the transmission of the pathogen by mealybugs is blocked.

[0027] Among them, the selected areca seeds are soaked in a seed soaking solution. Houttuynia cordata and bezoar in the seed soaking solution both have the special effects of anti-inflammatory and detoxifying. Carbendazim, purple sweet potato anthocyanin, and carnivorous plants all have antibacterial abilities to varying degrees, and can well prevent the breeding and transmission of pathogenic bacteria. The seed soaking solution of the present invention adds seaweed powder polysaccharide, which can bind to the virus and inactivate it, thereby inhibiting the replication of the virus. In addition, Houttuynia cordata has a specific stench, and Murraya paniculata has a specific odor. The two are mixed with the fragrance of rose essential oil, which can expel mealybugs and block the transmission of the virus. Honey sticks to the mealybugs and hinders their movement. The specific digestive juice in carnivorous plants can digest insects, all of which can achieve the effect of blocking the transmission of the virus by mealybugs. Fulvic acid, chelated iron, and gibberellin can improve the quality of areca seeds.

[0028] 2. The seed treatment method provided by the present invention is aimed at areca yellowing disease, and improves the treatment method of its seeds. It can effectively control areca yellowing disease, cut off the virus transmission route, improve the antiviral ability of the seeds themselves, improve the quality of areca seeds, and the method is effective, reliable, safe, has good and lasting effects, and has good promotion value.

[0029] 3. The seed soaking treatment provided by the present invention requires ultrasonic assistance treatment, which will improve the cell permeability of areca seeds and enhance the effect of the seed soaking solution.

[0030] 4. The preparation method of the seed soaking solution in the present invention is as follows: First, each component is crushed, and then fulvic acid, alanine, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and potassium sorbate are added to enhance the surface activity between the components. Finally, using the electromagnetic field thermal effect of microwave treatment, the protein changes its properties, resulting in the death of bacteria due to the loss of the environment for reproduction and survival, playing a role in killing pathogenic bacteria. Microwave treatment can also change the rheology of the seed soaking solution, increase the interaction between the components, and improve the adhesion ability between the seed soaking solution and the seeds.

[0031] 5. The seed treatment method provided by the present invention includes liquid nitrogen freezing treatment, which rapidly freezes the soaked seeds with liquid nitrogen. This rapid freezing method with a short time will not damage the seed viability on the one hand, and on the other hand, it promotes the adhesion between areca nut seeds and the soaking solution, ensuring that areca nut seeds fundamentally have antiviral ability. The frozen areca nut seeds are further treated with plasma to ensure the viability and antiviral ability of areca nut seeds before sowing. Detailed Embodiments

[0032] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, but it should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the following embodiments are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art. The materials, reagents, etc. used in the following embodiments can be obtained from commercial channels unless otherwise specified.

[0033] The reagents and materials in the following embodiments are as follows: The source of areca nut seeds is: collected from the fruits of areca nut mother trees in Huangzhu, Ding'an and Shenzhou Peninsula, Wanning.

[0034] The sources of houttuynia cordata, carbendazim, gibberellin and chelated iron are all from Chengdu Push Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; the sources of bezoar, purple sweet potato anthocyanin and nepenthes are from Wuhan Kemic Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; pogostemon cablin and seaweed micropowder are purchased from Shaanxi Jiameijia Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; the sources of rose essential oil and honey are purchased from ordinary supermarkets.

[0035] The sources of fulvic acid, alanine and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are from Shandong Agricultural University Fertilizer Technology Co., Ltd.; the sources of magnetized water and potassium sorbate are purchased from Yantai Hengyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0036] Example 1 A seed treatment method for improving areca nut yellowing disease includes the following steps: (a) Seed selection: Select single plants without pest and disease damage, with strong plant growth, many branches, moderate height, large and plump grains, smooth surface, no damage, and no disease area, and collect the areca nut seeds of the selected single plants as seeds to obtain areca nut seeds.

[0037] Among them, the variety of areca nut seeds is collected from the fruits of areca nut mother trees in Huangzhu, Hainan.

[0038] (b) Cleaning treatment: Soak the areca nut seeds selected in step (a) in water at room temperature overnight, and then rinse with clean water to obtain the cleaned areca nut seeds.

[0039] Among them, the first ultrasonic treatment is applied to the areca nut seeds while soaking in water and then drained.

[0040] Among them, the frequency of the ultrasonic wave in the first ultrasonic treatment is 75 kHz, and the time of the first ultrasonic treatment is 15 min.

[0041] (c) Immersion culture: Immerse the areca nut seeds obtained after the cleaning treatment in step (b) in a 0.05 mmol / L salicylic acid solution at room temperature for 12 h to achieve the preservation of the areca nut seeds. After the immersion is completed, drain the areca nut seeds, place them in a white porcelain plate, and culture them in an incubator at 23 °C for 1 d.

[0042] (d) Seed soaking treatment: Immerse the areca nut seeds obtained after the immersion culture in step (c) in a seed soaking solution for 12 h. At the same time, apply the second ultrasonic treatment to promote the absorption of nutrients and the improvement of physiological activity of the areca nut seeds.

[0043] Among them, the frequency of the ultrasonic wave in the second ultrasonic treatment is 60 kHz, and the time of the second ultrasonic treatment is 30 min.

[0044] The preparation method of the above-mentioned seed soaking solution includes the following steps: 1) Weigh 7 parts of houttuynia cordata, 5 parts of bezoar, 3 parts of carbendazim, 1 part of purple sweet potato anthocyanin, 1.5 parts of gibberellin, 0.4 part of murraya paniculata, 0.4 part of rose essential oil, 0.5 part of drosera peltata, 0.8 part of honey, 1.5 parts of seaweed micropowder and 1.5 parts of chelated iron respectively, and add 90 parts of magnetized water to a jet mill for comminution treatment. The rotational speed of the jet mill is 5000 rpm, and the comminution time is 15 min to obtain mixture ①.

[0045] Among them, the jet mill used is a conventional jet mill.

[0046] 2) Add the comminuted mixture ① in step 1) to a stirrer, then weigh 90 parts of magnetized water, 1 part of fulvic acid, 5 parts of alanine, 3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.2 part of potassium sorbate, and add them to a screw mixer for stirring treatment. At the same time, apply the third ultrasonic treatment to obtain mixture ②.

[0047] Among them, the frequency of the ultrasonic wave in the third ultrasonic treatment is: 10 kHz, and the time of the third ultrasonic treatment is 25 min.

[0048] The rotational speed set during the stirring treatment is 400 rmp, and the stirring treatment time is 10 min.

[0049] 3) Filter the mixture ② after the third ultrasonic treatment in step 2), and the obtained filtrate is the seed soaking solution.

[0050] (e) Liquid nitrogen quick-freezing treatment: Place the areca nut seeds after the seed soaking treatment in step (d) in liquid nitrogen for rapid freezing, and the liquid nitrogen treatment time is 6 s.

[0051] The liquid nitrogen quick-freezing treatment can maintain the cell integrity and physiological activity of areca nut seeds.

[0052] (f)Plasma treatment: Place the areca nut seeds after the liquid nitrogen quick-freezing treatment in step (d) into a plasma seed treatment device for plasma treatment.

[0053] Plasma treatment can effectively destroy or inhibit pathogenic microorganisms on the surface and inside of areca nut seeds, and improve the antiviral ability and overall health status of areca nut seeds.

[0054] Among them, the parameter range of plasma treatment is: treatment power 60W, treatment time 3s.

[0055] Example 2 A seed treatment method for improving areca nut yellowing disease, including the following steps: (a)Seed selection: Select single plants without pest and disease damage, with strong plant growth, many branches, moderate height, large and plump grains, smooth surface, no damage, and no disease area, and collect the areca nut seeds of the selected single plants as seeds to obtain areca nut seeds.

[0056] Among them, the variety of areca nut seeds is collected from the areca nut mother tree fruits in Shenzhou Peninsula, Wanning.

[0057] (b)Cleaning treatment: Soak the areca nut seeds selected in step (a) in water at room temperature overnight, and then rinse with clean water to obtain the areca nut seeds after cleaning treatment.

[0058] Among them, apply the first ultrasonic treatment to the areca nut seeds while soaking in water and then drain.

[0059] Among them, the frequency of the ultrasonic wave of the first ultrasonic treatment is 75kHz, and the time of the first ultrasonic treatment is 15min.

[0060] (c)Soaking and culturing: Soak the areca nut seeds obtained after the cleaning treatment in step (b) in a 5mmol / L salicylic acid solution at room temperature for 24h to achieve the preservation of areca nut seeds. After the soaking ends, drain the areca nut seeds, put them in a white porcelain plate, and culture them in an incubator at 23℃ for 1d.

[0061] (d)Seed soaking treatment: Place the areca nut seeds obtained after the soaking and culturing in step (c) in a seed soaking solution for 72h. At the same time, apply the second ultrasonic treatment to promote the absorption of nutrients by areca nut seeds and the improvement of physiological activity.

[0062] Among them, the frequency of the ultrasonic wave of the second ultrasonic treatment is 80kHz, and the time of the second ultrasonic treatment is 60min.

[0063] The preparation method of the above seed soaking solution includes the following steps: 1) Weigh out 8 parts by weight of Houttuynia cordata, 6 parts of bezoar, 5 parts of carbendazim, 2 parts of purple sweet potato anthocyanin, 2.5 parts of gibberellin, 0.6 parts of Murraya paniculata, 0.6 parts of rose essential oil, 0.7 parts of Drosera peltata, 1 part of honey, 1.5 parts of seaweed micropowder and 2.5 parts of chelated iron respectively, and add 120 parts of magnetized water together to a jet mill for comminution treatment. The rotation speed of the jet mill is 5000 rpm, and the comminution time is 15 min to obtain mixture ①.

[0064] Among them, the jet mill used is a conventional jet mill.

[0065] 2) Add the comminuted mixture ① in step 1) to a stirrer, then weigh out 120 parts of magnetized water, 2 parts of fulvic acid, 6 parts of alanine, 5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.3 parts of potassium sorbate, and add them together to a screw mixer for stirring treatment, and at the same time perform the third ultrasonic treatment to obtain mixture ②.

[0066] Among them, the frequency of the ultrasonic wave in the third ultrasonic treatment is: 50 kHz, and the time of the third ultrasonic treatment is 30 min.

[0067] The rotation speed set during the stirring treatment is 1000 rmp, and the stirring treatment time is 15 min.

[0068] 3) Filter the mixture ② after the third ultrasonic treatment in step 2), and the obtained filtrate is the seed soaking solution.

[0069] (e) Liquid nitrogen quick-freezing treatment: Place the betel nut seeds after the seed soaking treatment in step (d) into liquid nitrogen for rapid freezing, and the liquid nitrogen treatment time is 6 s.

[0070] The liquid nitrogen quick-freezing treatment can maintain the cell integrity and physiological activity of betel nut seeds.

[0071] (f) Plasma treatment: Place the betel nut seeds after the liquid nitrogen quick-freezing treatment in step (d) into a plasma seed treatment device for plasma treatment.

[0072] The plasma treatment can effectively destroy or inhibit the pathogenic microorganisms on the surface and inside of betel nut seeds, and improve the antiviral ability and overall health status of betel nut seeds.

[0073] Among them, the parameter range of the plasma treatment is: treatment power 180 W, treatment time 21 s.

[0074] Example 3 A seed treatment method for improving betel nut yellowing disease, comprising the following steps: (a)Seed selection: Select single plants without pest and disease damage, with strong plant growth, many branches, moderate height, large and plump seeds, smooth surface, no damage, and no disease areas. Collect the areca nut seeds of the selected single plants as seeds to obtain areca nut seeds.

[0075] Among them, the variety of the areca nut seeds is obtained by collecting the fruits of the areca nut mother trees in Huangzhu, Anding, Hainan.

[0076] (b)Cleaning treatment: Soak the areca nut seeds selected in step (a) in water at room temperature overnight, and then rinse with clean water to obtain the areca nut seeds after cleaning treatment.

[0077] Among them, apply the first ultrasonic treatment to the areca nut seeds while soaking in water and then drain.

[0078] Among them, the frequency of the ultrasonic wave of the first ultrasonic treatment is 75 kHz, and the time of the first ultrasonic treatment is 15 min.

[0079] (c)Soaking and culturing: Soak the areca nut seeds obtained after cleaning treatment in step (b) in a 2 mmol / L salicylic acid solution at room temperature for 18 h to achieve the preservation of the areca nut seeds. After the soaking is completed, drain the areca nut seeds, put them in a white porcelain plate, and culture them in an incubator at 23 °C for 1 d.

[0080] (d)Seed soaking treatment: Soak the areca nut seeds obtained after soaking and culturing in step (c) in the seed soaking solution for 24 h. At the same time, apply the second ultrasonic treatment to promote the absorption of nutrients and the improvement of physiological activity of the areca nut seeds.

[0081] Among them, the frequency of the ultrasonic wave of the second ultrasonic treatment is 70 kHz, and the time of the second ultrasonic treatment is 45 min.

[0082] The preparation method of the above-mentioned seed soaking solution includes the following steps: 1) Weigh 7.5 parts of houttuynia cordata, 5.5 parts of bezoar, 4 parts of carbendazim, 1.5 parts of purple sweet potato anthocyanin, 2 parts of gibberellin, 0.5 part of murraya paniculata, 0.5 part of rose essential oil, 0.6 part of drosera peltata, 0.9 part of honey, 2 parts of seaweed micropowder, and 2 parts of chelated iron respectively, and add 105 parts of magnetized water to a jet mill for pulverization treatment. The rotation speed of the jet mill is 5000 rpm, and the pulverization time is 15 min to obtain mixture ①.

[0083] Among them, the jet mill used is a conventional jet mill 2) Add the crushed mixture ① in step 1) to a stirrer, then weigh 105 parts of magnetized water, 1.5 parts of fulvic acid, 5.5 parts of alanine, 4 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.25 part of potassium sorbate, and add them together to a screw mixer for stirring treatment, while performing the third ultrasonic treatment to obtain mixture ②.

[0084] Among them, the frequency of the ultrasonic wave for the third ultrasonic treatment is: 30 kHz, and the time for the third ultrasonic treatment is 27 min.

[0085] The rotation speed set during the stirring treatment is 700 rmp, and the time for the stirring treatment is 12 min.

[0086] 3) Filter the mixture ② after the third ultrasonic treatment in step 2) by suction filtration, and the obtained filtrate is the seed soaking solution.

[0087] (e) Liquid nitrogen quick-freezing treatment: Place the areca nut seeds after the seed soaking treatment in step (d) into liquid nitrogen for rapid freezing, and the liquid nitrogen treatment time is 6 s.

[0088] The liquid nitrogen quick-freezing treatment can maintain the cell integrity and physiological activity of the areca nut seeds.

[0089] (f) Plasma treatment: Place the areca nut seeds after the liquid nitrogen quick-freezing treatment in step (d) into a plasma seed treatment device for plasma treatment.

[0090] The plasma treatment can effectively destroy or inhibit the pathogenic microorganisms on the surface and inside of the areca nut seeds, and improve the antiviral ability and overall health status of the areca nut seeds.

[0091] Among them, the parameter range of the plasma treatment is: treatment power 120 W, treatment time 11 s.

[0092] Example 4 A method for treating areca nut seeds to improve areca nut yellowing disease, comprising the following steps: (a) Seed selection: Select single plants without pest and disease damage, with strong plant growth, many branches, moderate height, large and plump grains, smooth surface, no damage, and no disease area, and collect the areca nut seeds of the selected single plants as seeds to obtain areca nut seeds.

[0093] Among them, the variety of the areca nut seeds is obtained from the fruits of the areca nut mother tree in Huangzhu, Anding, Hainan.

[0094] (b) Cleaning treatment: Soak the areca nut seeds selected in step (a) in water overnight at room temperature, and then rinse with clean water to obtain the areca nut seeds after cleaning treatment.

[0095] Among them, while soaking in water, the areca nut seeds are subjected to the first ultrasonic treatment and then drained.

[0096] Among them, the frequency of the ultrasonic wave in the first ultrasonic treatment is 75 kHz, and the time of the first ultrasonic treatment is 15 min.

[0097] (c) Immersion culture: Immerse the areca nut seeds obtained after the cleaning treatment in step (b) in a 0.25 mmol / L salicylic acid solution at room temperature for 24 h to achieve the preservation of the areca nut seeds. After the immersion, drain the areca nut seeds, place them in a white porcelain plate, and culture them in an incubator at 23 °C for 1 d.

[0098] (d) Seed soaking treatment: Immerse the areca nut seeds obtained after the immersion culture in step (c) in the seed soaking solution for 24 h. At the same time, apply the second ultrasonic treatment to promote the absorption of nutrients and the improvement of physiological activity of the areca nut seeds.

[0099] Among them, the frequency of the ultrasonic wave in the second ultrasonic treatment is 80 kHz, and the time of the second ultrasonic treatment is 40 min.

[0100] The preparation method of the above-mentioned seed soaking solution includes the following steps: 1) Weigh 7.5 parts of houttuynia cordata, 5.5 parts of bezoar, 3 parts of carbendazim, 2 parts of purple sweet potato anthocyanin, 1.5 parts of gibberellin, 0.6 parts of murraya paniculata, 0.5 parts of rose essential oil, 0.5 parts of drosera peltata, 0.9 parts of honey, 2 parts of seaweed micropowder and 2 parts of chelated iron respectively, and add 100 parts of magnetized water to the jet mill for comminution treatment. The rotation speed of the jet mill is 5000 rpm, and the comminution time is 15 min to obtain mixture ①.

[0101] Among them, the jet mill used is a conventional jet mill 2) Add the comminuted mixture ① in step 1) to the stirrer, and then weigh 100 parts of magnetized water, 1 part of fulvic acid, 5 parts of alanine, 3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.3 parts of potassium sorbate, and add them to the spiral mixer for stirring treatment. At the same time, apply the third ultrasonic treatment to obtain mixture ②.

[0102] Among them, the frequency of the ultrasonic wave in the third ultrasonic treatment is: 40 kHz, and the time of the third ultrasonic treatment is 25 min.

[0103] The rotation speed set during the stirring treatment is 500 rmp, and the stirring treatment time is 12 min.

[0104] 3) Filter the mixture ② after the third ultrasonic treatment in step 2), and the obtained filtrate is the seed soaking solution.

[0105] (e) Liquid nitrogen quick-freezing treatment: Place the areca nut seeds after the seed soaking treatment in step (d) in liquid nitrogen for rapid freezing, and the liquid nitrogen treatment time is 6 s.

[0106] The liquid nitrogen quick-freezing treatment can maintain the cell integrity and physiological activity of areca nut seeds.

[0107] (f)Plasma treatment: Place the areca nut seeds after the liquid nitrogen quick-freezing treatment in step (d) into a plasma seed treatment device for plasma treatment.

[0108] Plasma treatment can effectively destroy or inhibit pathogenic microorganisms on the surface and inside of areca nut seeds, and improve the antiviral ability and overall health status of areca nut seeds.

[0109] Among them, the parameter range of plasma treatment is: treatment power 100W, treatment time 10s.

[0110] Example 5 A seed treatment method for improving areca nut yellowing disease, comprising the following steps: (a)Seed selection: Select single plants without pest and disease damage, with strong plant growth, many branches, moderate height, large and plump grains, smooth surface, no damage, and no disease area, and collect the areca nut seeds of the selected single plants as seeds to obtain areca nut seeds.

[0111] Among them, the variety of areca nut seeds is collected from the fruits of the areca nut mother tree in Shenzhou Peninsula, Wanning.

[0112] (b)Cleaning treatment: Soak the areca nut seeds selected in step (a) in water at room temperature overnight, and then rinse them with clean water to obtain the areca nut seeds after cleaning treatment.

[0113] Among them, a first ultrasonic treatment is applied to the areca nut seeds while soaking in water, and then drained.

[0114] Among them, the frequency of the ultrasonic wave in the first ultrasonic treatment is 75kHz, and the time of the first ultrasonic treatment is 15min.

[0115] (c)Soaking and culturing: Soak the areca nut seeds obtained after the cleaning treatment in step (b) in a 4mmol / L salicylic acid solution at room temperature for 14h to achieve the preservation of areca nut seeds. After the soaking ends, drain the areca nut seeds, put them into a white porcelain plate, and culture them in an incubator at 23℃ for 1d.

[0116] (d)Seed soaking treatment: Place the areca nut seeds obtained after the soaking and culturing in step (c) in a seed soaking solution for 50h. At the same time, apply a second ultrasonic treatment to promote the absorption of nutrients and the improvement of physiological activity of areca nut seeds.

[0117] Among them, the frequency of the ultrasonic wave in the second ultrasonic treatment is 60kHz, and the time of the second ultrasonic treatment is 35min.

[0118] The preparation method of the above soaking solution includes the following steps: 1) Weigh 7 parts of Houttuynia cordata, 5 parts of bezoar, 3.5 parts of carbendazim, 1 part of purple sweet potato anthocyanin, 2 parts of gibberellin, 0.4 part of Murraya paniculata, 0.4 part of rose essential oil, 0.6 part of Drosera peltata, 0.9 part of honey, 1.5 parts of seaweed micropowder, and 1.5 parts of chelated iron respectively. Add 120 parts of magnetized water together to a jet mill for comminution treatment. The rotation speed of the jet mill is 5000 rpm, and the comminution time is 15 min to obtain mixture ①.

[0119] Among them, the jet mill used is a conventional jet mill 2) Add the comminuted mixture ① in step 1) to a stirrer, then weigh 120 parts of magnetized water, 1.5 parts of fulvic acid, 5.5 parts of alanine, 4 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.2 part of potassium sorbate, and add them together to a screw mixer for stirring treatment, and at the same time perform the third ultrasonic treatment to obtain mixture ②.

[0120] Among them, the frequency of the ultrasonic wave for the third ultrasonic treatment is: 5 kHz, and the time for the third ultrasonic treatment is 30 min.

[0121] The rotation speed set during the stirring treatment is 500 rmp, and the stirring treatment time is 15 min.

[0122] 3) Filter the mixture ② after the third ultrasonic treatment in step 2), and the obtained filtrate is the soaking solution.

[0123] (e) Liquid nitrogen quick-freezing treatment: Place the areca nut seeds after soaking treatment in step (d) into liquid nitrogen for rapid freezing, and the liquid nitrogen treatment time is 6 s.

[0124] The liquid nitrogen quick-freezing treatment can maintain the cell integrity and physiological activity of the areca nut seeds.

[0125] (f) Plasma treatment: Place the areca nut seeds after liquid nitrogen quick-freezing treatment in step (d) into a plasma seed treatment device for plasma treatment.

[0126] The plasma treatment can effectively destroy or inhibit the pathogenic microorganisms on the surface and inside of the areca nut seeds, and improve the antiviral ability and overall health status of the areca nut seeds.

[0127] Among them, the parameter range of the plasma treatment is: treatment power 60 W, treatment time 5 s.

[0128] Comparative Example 1 Compared with Example 2, this Comparative Example 1 omits the ultrasonic treatment in step (d) soaking treatment, and the method steps except this are the same.

[0129] Comparative Example 2 In Comparative Example 2 compared with Example 2, step (c) of soaking treatment with salicylic acid solution was omitted, and the other method steps were the same.

[0130] Comparative Example 3 In Comparative Example 3 compared with Example 2, step (f) of plasma treatment was omitted, and the other method steps were the same.

[0131] Comparative Example 5 In Comparative Example 5 compared with Example 2, the formula of the soaking solution in step (d) of seed soaking treatment was replaced with the following formula, and the other method steps were the same.

[0132] Among them, the soaking solution was composed of the following raw materials by mass parts: 6 parts of Houttuynia cordata, 4 parts of bezoar, 2 parts of carbendazim, 3 parts of purple sweet potato anthocyanin, 1 part of gibberellin, 0.7 part of Murraya paniculata, 0.3 part of rose essential oil, 0.8 part of Drosera peltata, 0.7 part of honey, 2.6 parts of seaweed micropowder, 1.4 parts of chelated iron, 0.5 part of fulvic acid, 4 parts of alanine, 6 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1 part of potassium sorbate and 250 parts of magnetized water.

[0133] In order to illustrate the effects of a seed treatment method for improving areca yellowing disease provided by the present invention, taking the above Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 as examples, the areca seeds treated by them were respectively planted in a planting experiment, and the management conditions were the same during the planting experiment. Among them, Examples 1 to 5 were used as the experimental group; Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were used as the control group.

[0134] At the same time, a blank control group was set up. The blank control group was to plant the selected areca seeds without any treatment. The growth conditions of the areca seeds treated by the seed treatment methods of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5, and the untreated areca seeds of the blank control group after planting were respectively counted.

[0135] Among them, the specific operations of the above planting experiment were as follows: Hainan Ding'an, Shenzhou Peninsula, Hainan Wanning, Hainan Tunchang, and Hainan Baisha were selected as the test sites, ensuring that the soil pH value of the test sites was within 6.0±0.5, and the test sites were deeply plowed to a depth of approximately 35 cm to improve soil aeration and drainage. 2500 kg of decomposed farmyard manure, 50 kg of superphosphate, and 20 kg of potassium chloride were applied per mu as the base fertilizer, and the fertilizer was thoroughly mixed with the soil. The planting was carried out when the spring temperature stabilized at 23°C, between mid-March and early April. During the growth period after planting, consistent field management was carried out for all test groups (including the example group, the comparative example group, and the blank control group). Watering was carried out regularly to keep the soil moist but not overly wet; weeding and soil loosening were carried out in a timely manner to promote soil aeration; topdressing was carried out in a timely manner according to the weather conditions and soil fertility status, with the same topdressing amount and time; at the same time, attention was paid to the prevention and control of pests and diseases, but pesticides related to the seed treatment method of the present invention were not used to avoid interfering with the test results. The data statistically analyzed each time were detailedly recorded in a table, including indicators such as the germination rate, plant height, number of leaves, leaf color, and occurrence of pests and diseases in each group. Statistical analysis was carried out on the data to compare the differences between different treatment groups and the blank control group and among the treatment groups, and to evaluate the improvement effect of the seed treatment method of the present invention on betel nut yellowing disease.

[0136] Among them, Hainan Ding'an, Shenzhou Peninsula, Hainan Wanning, Hainan Tunchang, and Hainan Baisha corresponded to Example 1 to Example 5 in sequence.

[0137] Hainan Ding'an, Shenzhou Peninsula, Hainan Wanning, Hainan Tunchang, and Hainan Baisha corresponded to Comparative Example 1 to Comparative Example 5 in sequence.

[0138] The growth status included the statistics of the prevalence rate and prevention and control effect of betel nut yellowing disease.

[0139] The specific statistics of the prevalence rate of betel nut yellowing disease were the prevalence rate of betel nuts from sowing to maturity, and its unit was %.

[0140] The calculation formula for the prevention and control effect was as follows: Prevention and control effect = ×100%; In the above formula, the unit of the prevention and control effect was %.

[0141] The comparative data after the statistics of the growth status were shown in Table 1: Table 1 Statistics Table of Betel Nut Growth Status Note: / indicates that the data was not statistically analyzed.

[0142] As can be seen from Table 1, the prevalence rates of areca palm yellowing disease in Examples 1 to 5 are far lower than those in Comparative Examples 1 to 5, and the control efficiencies of areca palm yellowing disease in Examples 1 to 5 are far higher than those in Comparative Examples 1 to 5.

[0143] The control effect of Example 1 is 1.2% higher than that of Comparative Example 1, and the prevalence rate of Example 2 is 4.93% lower than that of Comparative Example 2, indicating that the ultrasonic treatment in the seed soaking treatment of step (d) can reduce the seed prevalence rate; compared with Example 2, the salicylic acid solution soaking treatment in Comparative Example 2 can improve the seed control effect; compared with Example 2, in Comparative Example 3, omitting the plasma treatment in step (f) increases the control rate by 9.3%.

[0144] The above results show that there is a problem of relatively high seed prevalence rate in the existing methods, while the technical solution of the present application does not have the problem of high prevalence rate existing in the prior art as proved by the above data.

[0145] The above results show that the method for treating areca seeds provided by the present invention effectively controls areca palm yellowing disease, prevents the spread of viruses, improves its disease resistance, improves the quality of areca seeds, and the method is safe, reliable, has a long-lasting effect, and has good popularization value.

[0146] It should be noted that when the present invention involves numerical ranges, it should be understood that any value between the two endpoints of each numerical range and the two endpoints can be selected. To avoid repetition, preferred embodiments of the present invention are described.

[0147] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, once those skilled in the art know the basic creative concept, additional changes and modifications can be made to these embodiments, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seed treatment method for improving areca yellowing disease, characterized in that It includes the following steps: Seed selection; Cleaning treatment: Soaking and culturing: Soak the cleaned areca nut seeds in a salicylic acid solution with a concentration of 0.05 mmol / L to 5 mmol / L; then culture the soaked areca nut seeds to obtain the soaked and cultured areca nut seeds; Seed soaking treatment: Place the soaked and cultured areca nut seeds in a seed soaking solution and apply the second ultrasonic treatment at the same time; Quick freezing treatment: Drain the areca nut seeds after the seed soaking treatment, and then freeze them for 6 s to 10 s to maintain the cell integrity and physiological activity of the areca nut seeds; Perform plasma treatment on the quick-frozen areca nut seeds to effectively destroy or inhibit pathogenic microorganisms on the surface and inside of the areca nut seeds; The seed soaking solution is made from the following raw materials by mass: 7 to 8 parts of houttuynia cordata, 5 to 6 parts of bezoar, 3 to 5 parts of carbendazim, 1 to 2 parts of purple sweet potato anthocyanin, 1.5 to 2.5 parts of gibberellin, 0.4 to 0.6 parts of murraya paniculata, 0.4 to 0.6 parts of rose essential oil, 0.5 to 0.7 parts of drosera peltata, 0.8 to 1 part of honey, 1.5 to 2.5 parts of seaweed micropowder, 1.5 to 2.5 parts of chelated iron, 1 to 2 parts of fulvic acid, 5 to 6 parts of alanine, 3 to 5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2 to 0.3 parts of potassium sorbate, and 180 to 240 parts of magnetized water.

2. The seed treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soaking time of the soaked and cultured areca nut seeds in the seed soaking solution is 12 h to 72 h.

3. The seed treatment method according to claim 1, wherein The preparation method of the seed soaking solution includes the following steps: Weigh houttuynia cordata, bezoar, carbendazim, purple sweet potato anthocyanin, gibberellin, murraya paniculata, rose essential oil, drosera peltata, honey, seaweed micropowder, chelated iron, and magnetized water by mass respectively, and conduct comminution treatment together to obtain mixture ①; Take magnetized water, fulvic acid, alanine, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and potassium sorbate, add them to the mixture ① together, and conduct the third ultrasonic treatment at the same time to obtain mixture ②; Filter the mixture ②, and the obtained filtrate is the seed soaking solution.

4. The seed treatment method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rotation speed of the comminution treatment is 5000 rpm to 8000 rpm, and the time of the comminution treatment is 15 min to 35 min.

5. The seed treatment method according to claim 3, characterized in that, When magnetized water, fulvic acid, alanine, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and potassium sorbate are added to the mixture ① together, conduct stirring treatment at the same time; The rotation speed of the stirring treatment is 400 rmp to 1000 rmp, and the time of the stirring treatment is 10 min to 15 min.

6. The seed treatment method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The frequency of the third ultrasonic treatment is 10 kHz to 50 kHz, and the time of the third ultrasonic treatment is 25 min to 30 min.

7. The seed treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frequency of the second ultrasonic treatment is 60 kHz to 80 kHz, and the time of the second ultrasonic treatment is 30 min to 60 min.

8. The seed treatment method according to claim 1, wherein The soaking time of the cleaned areca nut seeds in the salicylic acid solution with a concentration of 0.05 mmol / L to 5 mmol / L is 12 h to 24 h.

9. The seed treatment method according to claim 1, wherein, The parameter range of the plasma treatment is: treatment power 60 W to 180 W, treatment time 3 s to 21 s.

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