Multifunctional integrated automatic hanging ditch Chinese yam planting machine

Abstract

The invention provides a multifunctional integrated automatic hanging ditch Chinese yam planting machine, and belongs to the technical field of new agricultural Chinese yam planting machines. Comprising a Chinese yam machine frame, a branch erecting mechanism and a front-end soil covering mechanism are arranged at the front end of the Chinese yam machine frame, a feeding mechanism, a fertilizing mechanism and an irrigation mechanism are arranged behind the branch erecting mechanism, the feeding mechanism is connected with a discharging mechanism through a connecting mechanism, and a film covering mechanism and a vehicle tail soil covering mechanism are arranged at the tail end of the Chinese yam machine frame. A motor is installed on the Chinese yam machine frame, and a driving wheel is controlled to work through the motor. The planting process is simplified, the working timelines of a plurality of procedures are fused to a certain degree, and the planting efficiency is improved. The structure is small in size, part of mechanical structures can be lifted, and the device can move freely in the field, is suitable for operation in various terrains and is more friendly to small-area planting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of new agricultural science yam planters, and particularly relates to a multifunctional integrated automated hanging ditch yam planting machine. Background Art

[0002] Under the background of the rapid progress of today's social economy, the new hanging ditch yam planting technology is currently in an active promotion process due to its significant advantages shown in the planting and harvesting links, as well as the aesthetic characteristics of the finished yams.

[0003] However, it cannot be ignored that during the actual operation of this planting technology, the labor consumption remains at an extremely high level. Starting from the basic link of erecting and supporting the plastic film, a large amount of manpower is required to carefully build it to ensure that the plastic film can be firmly covered to create a good environment for subsequent planting. When laying the plastic film, it needs to be carefully laid manually to ensure that the plastic film is flat and adheres to the ground. Any negligence may affect the heat preservation and moisture retention effects, and this process is time-consuming and laborious. Placing the seed segments also requires precise manual operation. The placement position and depth of each seed segment play a crucial role in the growth of yams, which undoubtedly increases the labor intensity. In the soil covering process, the soil needs to be evenly covered on the seed segments to ensure an appropriate thickness, consuming a large amount of manpower and time. When forming ridges, the soil is manually piled up shovel by shovel to form ridges, and the efficiency is extremely low. The fertilization link is not easy either. It is necessary to manually control the dosage of fertilizers and the evenness of spreading to ensure that the yams have sufficient nutrients for growth.

[0004] These processes not only have low efficiency, greatly increasing the labor cost, but also the entire planting process takes an extremely long time, seriously restricting the large-scale promotion of the new hanging ditch yam planting technology and the improvement of economic benefits. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problem of low planting efficiency of existing yam planters and provide a multifunctional integrated automated hanging ditch yam planting machine.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A multifunctional integrated automated hanging ditch yam planting machine includes a yam machine frame. A branch supporting mechanism and a front-end soil covering mechanism are arranged at the front end of the yam machine frame. A feeding mechanism, a fertilizing mechanism, and an irrigation mechanism are arranged behind the branch supporting mechanism. The feeding mechanism is connected to the discharging mechanism through a connecting mechanism. A film covering mechanism and a rear-end soil covering mechanism are arranged at the end of the yam machine frame. The film covering mechanism is located below the discharging mechanism. A motor is installed on the yam machine frame to control the operation of this planting machine.

[0008] The branch-racking mechanism comprises a branch-racking frame, on which a branch-racking material bin is arranged, the branch-racking material bin is connected to a branch-racking guide groove, a material discharge wheel is arranged at the outlet of the branch-racking guide groove, and a branch-racking circular arc groove is transversely arranged on the material discharge wheel.

[0009] The laminating mechanism is a mirror-symmetrical mechanism, including a laminating frame, wherein a first lead screw is arranged on one side of the laminating frame, the first lead screw is connected to a hinge support, the hinge support is connected to a film pressing wheel via a connecting rod, and the first lead screw is driven by a motor to rotate forward, driving the hinge support to drive the film pressing wheel to descend.

[0010] The laminating machine frame includes a reciprocating mechanism, a slide groove is provided on the reciprocating mechanism, a sliding block is slidably engaged on the slide groove, a rack is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the sliding block, the rack meshes with a first incomplete gear and a second incomplete gear, and the first incomplete gear and the second incomplete gear mesh with each other; a heating wire bracket is fixed on the side of the sliding block, and the heating wire brackets of two mirror-symmetrical laminating mechanisms are fixed at both ends of the hot wire.

[0011] The feeding mechanism comprises a feeding mechanism frame, the feeding mechanism frame comprises a yam bin, the yam bin is sequentially connected to a fixed push plate, a first push plate and a second push plate, and the second push plate is connected to a crawler.

[0012] A guide groove is arranged between the first push plate and the second push plate, the guide groove is fixed to the swing rod, the swing rod is hinged to the eccentric wheel crank, and the swing rod is linked by the rotation of the eccentric wheel crank, thereby driving the guide groove to reciprocate and drive the first push plate and the second push plate to move alternately.

[0013] The feeding mechanism comprises a feeding frame, which comprises a triangular-shaped conveying device composed of three sprocket groups. The conveying device is combined by hinges, and a plurality of yam feeding troughs are horizontally arranged on the outer surface of the hinges, and each yam feeding trough carries a yam segment.

[0014] The front soil covering mechanism is a mirror structure, including a mirror-symmetrical front gathering soil covering plate, each front gathering soil covering plate is telescopically connected to the second screw through a column, the second screw is fixed to the sixth gear, the sixth gear is coaxially transmitted with the sixth driving wheel, and the mirror-symmetrical front soil covering mechanism realizes synchronous movement through the second chain, and the second chain meshes with the sixth gear.

[0015] The rear-end soil covering mechanism is a mirror structure, including a frame, and the left and right frames are connected by a reversing bracket. A soil covering plate is arranged at the end of the frame, and a soil covering connecting rod is arranged on the same horizontal plane as the soil covering plate. A second worm gear is fixed on the soil covering connecting rod, and a second worm is driven by the second worm gear. The second worm is fixed to the reversing bracket, and the soil covering connecting rod is driven to move by the engagement of the second worm gear and the second worm gear, thereby driving the soil covering plate to move.

[0016] The fertilization mechanism includes a fertilizer bin. A fertilization rotating wheel is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer bin, and a chassis is arranged at the bottom of the fertilization rotating wheel. The fertilization rotating wheel is connected to an eighth driving wheel through a rotating shaft. The motor controls the operation of the eighth driving wheel, drives the fertilization rotating wheel to move through the eighth driving wheel, and the fertilization rotating wheel rotates to stir the fertilizer, and the fertilizer is dialed out from the chassis of the fertilization mechanism for fertilization.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The present invention provides a multifunctional integrated automatic hanging ditch yam planting machine, including a yam machine frame. A branch supporting mechanism and a front-end soil covering mechanism are arranged at the front end of the yam machine frame. A feeding mechanism, a fertilization mechanism and an irrigation mechanism are arranged behind the branch supporting mechanism. The feeding mechanism is connected to a blanking mechanism through a connecting mechanism. A film covering mechanism and a rear-end soil covering mechanism are arranged at the end of the yam machine frame. The film covering mechanism is located below the blanking mechanism. A motor is installed on the yam machine frame to control the operation of the planting machine. The planting process is simplified, the working time lines of multiple processes are integrated to a certain extent, and the planting efficiency is improved. This structure is small in size, and some mechanical structures can be lifted, and it can move freely in the field, is suitable for operating on various terrains, and is more friendly to small-area planting.

[0019] Furthermore, the four-bar linkage buffer mechanism realizes a closed-loop continuous specific circular arc trajectory, which requires little power and has a low speed. Embedding this mechanism between the branch rod bin and the feeding mechanism solves the problem that the feeding end is stuck due to the easy accumulation of branch rods at the feeding terminal during the process of supporting and feeding branch rods.

[0020] Furthermore, based on the specific requirements of yam planting, the film covering mechanism creates a precedent for the combined design of the film breaking process of the heating wire and the lifting of the film pressing wheel. By calculating the rotation period of the gear that drives the telescopic movement of the heating wire and the rotation period of one process of the lifting or lowering of the film pressing wheel, the telescopic movement of the heating wire is synchronously realized during the lifting process of the film pressing wheel, and both parts of the mechanism are in the preset optimal positions when the work stops, effectively reducing the load of the power source, and finally realizing the integration of the two processes of the heating wire extending to melt the ground film and retracting to the original position.

[0021] Furthermore, the feeding mechanism directly uses two-stage movable push plates to work, solves the problems of interference between the movements of the two push plates and transmission synchronization, and offsets the self-weight of the push plates to the greatest extent, so that the motor only needs to provide the driving force for the yam when driving, solving the problem that the self-weight of the push plate mechanism is large, and adding the load of the yam, resulting in a large burden on the motor. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the branch supporting mechanism in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the link mechanism in the branch support mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the back structure of the branch support mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the film covering mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 Inverted schematic diagram of the film covering mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 Top view of the feeding mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the connection mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 Schematic diagrams of the front and back structures of the discharging mechanism of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the front soil covering mechanism of the vehicle head of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the rear soil covering mechanism of the vehicle tail of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the back structure of the rear soil covering mechanism of the vehicle tail of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the back structure of the fertilizing mechanism of the present invention;

[0036] Explanation of reference numerals in the drawings: 1. Branch supporting mechanism; 11. Branch supporting machine frame; 12. Branch bin; 13. Branch guide groove; 14. Four-bar linkage mechanism; 141. Crank; 142. Rocker; 143. Rocker arm; 15. Branch stopper; 16. Feeding runner; 161. Branch supporting arc groove; 17. Transmission shaft; 171. Bevel gear set; 18. Power device; 181. First gear; 182. First chain; 183. Second gear; 2. Film covering mechanism; 21. Film covering machine frame; 22. Reciprocating mechanism; 221. Slide groove; 222. Slide block; 223. Rack; 224. First incomplete gear; 225. Second incomplete gear; 23. First lead screw; 24. First driving wheel; 25. Third gear; 26. First worm gear; 27. First worm; 28. Hinge support; 281. First connecting rod; 282. Second connecting rod; 283. Film pressing wheel; 29. Electric heating wire support; 3. Feeding mechanism; 31. Yam bin; 32. Feeding mechanism machine frame; 33. Fixed push plate; 331. Guide groove; 332. Swing rod; 333. Eccentric wheel crank; 34. First push plate; 35. Second push plate; 36. Crawler; 37. Fourth gear; 38. Fifth gear; 381. Second driving wheel; 39. Third driving wheel; 4. Connecting mechanism; 41. Yam guide groove; 42. Fourth driving wheel; 43. Runner; 44. Transmission shaft; 5. Discharging mechanism; 51. Discharging machine frame; 52. First sprocket set; 53. Second sprocket set; 54. Third sprocket set; 55. Hinge; 56. Yam discharging groove; 57. Baffle; 58. Fifth driving wheel; 6. Front soil covering mechanism of the vehicle head; 61. Front-side converging soil covering plate; 62. Front vehicle limit mark; 63. Second lead screw; 64. Sixth driving wheel; 65. Sixth gear; 66. Second chain; 7. Rear soil covering mechanism of the vehicle tail; 71. Moving part; 72. Soil covering plate; 73. Soil covering connecting rod; 74. Second worm; 75. Second worm gear; 76. Reversing support; 77. Seventh driving wheel; 78. Seventh gear; 79. Machine frame; 8. Fertilizing mechanism; 81. Fertilizer bin; 82. Fertilizing runner; 83. Rotating shaft; 84. Eighth driving wheel; 9. Irrigation mechanism; 10. Yam planting machine frame of the vehicle; 101. Machine wheels; 102. Film covering drum. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] To further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments are only for explaining the present invention rather than limiting it.

[0038] Embodiment 1

[0039] A multifunctional integrated automated ditch-hanging yam planting machine has the following structural components:

[0040] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, a multifunctional integrated automatic yam planting machine with a hanging ditch includes a yam planting machine frame 10. A branch supporting mechanism 1 is arranged at the front end of the yam planting machine frame 10. A feeding mechanism 3, a fertilizing mechanism 8 and an irrigation mechanism 9 are arranged behind the branch supporting mechanism 1. The feeding mechanism 3 is connected to a blanking mechanism 5 through a connecting mechanism 4. A film covering mechanism 2 is arranged at the end of the yam planting machine frame 10, and the film covering mechanism 2 is located below the blanking mechanism 5. A motor is installed on the yam planting machine frame 10 to control the operation of the driving wheel. The yam planting machine frame 10 travels through the locomotive wheels 101, and a film covering roller 102 is installed at the bottom of the yam planting machine frame 10.

[0041] As Figures 2 to 4 shown in the figure, the branch supporting mechanism 1 includes a branch supporting machine frame 11 composed of Festo parts. A branch bin 12 is arranged on the branch supporting machine frame 11. The branch bin 12 is composed of fixing squares, flat head rivets and flat head hollow rivets to fix four bin plates. The branch bin 12 communicates with a branch guide groove 13. A number of four-bar link mechanisms 14 and branch stoppers 15 are arranged between the branch bin 12 and the branch guide groove 13. The yam segments in the branch bin 12 fall along the arc-shaped branch stopper 15 to the branch guide groove 13 under the rotation of the four-bar link mechanism 14 through the outlet. A blanking runner 16 is arranged at the outlet of the branch guide groove 13, and a branch supporting arc groove 161 is transversely arranged on the blanking runner 16. A transmission shaft 17 is arranged below the branch supporting machine frame 11, and a number of bevel gear sets 171 are transversely arranged on the transmission shaft 17. Each bevel gear set 171 includes four bevel gears, and each bevel gear set 171 is in transmission with the four-bar link mechanism 14. The output end of the transmission shaft 17 is connected to a power device 18. The power device 18 includes a first gear 181. The first gear 181 meshes with a first driving wheel 18. The first gear 181 drives a second gear 183 to rotate through a first chain 182. The second gear 183 is in coaxial transmission connection with the blanking runner 16.

[0042] Further, the four-bar link mechanism 14 includes a crank 141, a rocker 142 and a rocker arm 143. One end of the crank 141 is connected to the branch bin 12, and the other end is connected to the rocker 142 at a certain angle. The rocker 142 is connected to one end of the rocker arm 143, and the other end of the rocker arm 143 is fixed on the branch stopper 15. The rocker 142 is connected to the rocker arm 143 at a certain angle.

[0043] Further, the bottom plate of the branch bin 12 is of an inclined structure, so that the branches in the branch bin 12 roll down by themselves.

[0044] As Figures 5 to 6As shown, the laminating mechanism 2 is a mirror-symmetrical structure, including a laminating frame 21, wherein a reciprocating mechanism 22 is arranged on one side of the laminating frame 21, a slide groove 221 is provided on the reciprocating mechanism 22, a slide block 222 is slidably engaged on the slide groove 221, a rack 223 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the slide block 222, the rack 223 meshes with a first incomplete gear 224 and a second incomplete gear 225, and the first incomplete gear 224 and the second incomplete gear 225 mesh with each other; a heating wire bracket 29 is fixed on the side of the slide block 222, and the heating wire bracket 29 of the two mirror-symmetrical laminating mechanisms 2 is fixed at both ends of the hot wire.

[0045] A first lead screw 23 is arranged at the upper end of the reciprocating mechanism 22, the first lead screw 23 is linked to the first driving wheel 24, the first driving wheel 24 is meshed with the third gear 25, the third gear 25 is meshed with the first worm 27, the first worm wheel 26 is meshed with the first worm 27, the first worm wheel 26 and the first incomplete gear 224 are fixed by an aluminum column; the first lead screw 23 is connected to the hinge support 28, the hinge support 28 is fixedly connected to the first connecting rod 281, the first connecting rod 281 is hinged to the second connecting rod 282, one end of the second connecting rod 282 is arranged on the laminating machine frame 21, and the other end of the second connecting rod 282 is fixed to the film pressing wheel 283.

[0046] like Figures 7 to 8 As shown, the feeding mechanism 3 includes a yam silo 31 and a feeding mechanism frame 32. The yam silo 31 is located on the feeding mechanism frame 32. The yam silo 31 includes a fixed push plate 33, a first push plate 34 and a second push plate 35 in sequence. The second push plate 35 is connected to the crawler track 36. The rotating shaft of the crawler track 36 is coaxially fixed with the fourth gear 37. The fourth gear 37 is connected to the fifth gear 38 through a transmission chain. The fifth gear 38 engages with the second driving wheel 381. The first push plate 34 and the second push plate 35 are linked through a guide groove 331. The guide groove 331 is fixed to the rocker rod 332. The rocker rod 332 is hinged to the eccentric wheel crank 333 to form a lever crank mechanism. The eccentric wheel crank 333 is transmission connected to the third driving wheel 39.

[0047] The motor drives the third driving wheel 39, which transmits the eccentric crank 333, driving the rocker rod 332 to move, thereby driving the first push plate 34 and the second push plate 35 to move alternately up and down; the motor drives the second driving wheel 381, which drives the fifth gear 38, thereby driving the crawler track 36 to rotate.

[0048] like Figure 9 As shown, the connection structure 4 includes a yam guide groove 41, a fourth driving wheel 42 and a rotating wheel 43. The fourth driving wheel 42 and the rotating wheel 43 are connected by a transmission shaft 44. The yam guide groove 41 connects the crawler 36 of the feeding mechanism 3 and the yam unloading trough 56 of the unloading mechanism 4.

[0049] like Figure 10As shown, the unloading mechanism 5 includes an unloading frame 51, and the inner side of the unloading frame 51 includes a transmission device in a triangular shape, which includes a first sprocket group 52, a second sprocket group 53 and a third sprocket group 54, each sprocket group consists of two sprockets of the same size, and the fifth driving wheel 58 is meshed with one of the sprockets for transmission, and the three sprocket groups are connected for transmission by two hinges 55, and a plurality of yam unloading troughs 56 are horizontally arranged on the outer surfaces of the two hinges 55, and each yam unloading trough 56 carries a yam segment; a baffle 57 is arranged on the outer side of the unloading frame 51, that is, on the outer side of one side of the plurality of yam unloading troughs 56, to prevent the yam segments from falling out midway.

[0050] like Figure 11 As shown, the front soil covering mechanism 6 is a mirror structure, including a mirror-symmetrical front side gathering type soil covering plate 61. Taking the left side as an example, the front side gathering type soil covering plate 61 is telescopically connected to the second screw 63 through a column, and a triangular vehicle front limit mark 62 is arranged on the outer side of the connection, and the triangular vehicle front limit mark 62 can be raised and lowered. The second screw 63 is fixed with the sixth gear 65, and the sixth gear 65 is coaxially transmitted with the fifth driving wheel. The motor drives the sixth driving wheel 64 to mesh with the sixth gear 65 for transmission. The sixth gear 65 is transmitted to the right side symmetrical gear through a hinge 66, and the second screw 63 is driven up and down by the rotation of the gear, so as to realize the synchronous linear lifting and lowering of the two mirror-symmetrical front side gathering type soil covering plates 61.

[0051] like Figures 12 to 13 As shown, the rear-end soil covering mechanism 7 is a mirror-symmetrical mechanism, including a moving member 71, which is connected to the left and right moving members 71 by a reversing bracket 76, a mirror-symmetrical soil covering plate 72 is arranged at the end of the moving member 71, a frame 79 is arranged on the moving member 71, three connecting rods are hinged with the frame 79 to form a parallelogram soil covering link 73, the soil covering plate 72 and the soil covering link 73 are fixed on the same horizontal plane, and a second worm 74 and a second worm wheel 75 are fixed on the soil covering link 73; a sixth driving wheel 77 and a seventh gear 78 are arranged on the rotating shaft of the reversing bracket 76, the sixth driving wheel 77 and the seventh gear 78 are meshed to transmit the coaxial second worm 74, the second worm 74 and the second worm wheel 75 are meshed to drive the parallelogram soil covering link 73 to move, thereby driving the translation of the moving member 71, and realizing the rotation of the soil covering plate 72.

[0052] like Figure 14 As shown, the fertilizing mechanism 8 includes a fertilizer bin 81, a fertilizing wheel 82 is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer bin 81, a chassis 85 is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizing wheel 82, the fertilizing wheel 82 is connected to the eighth driving wheel 84 through the rotating shaft 83, the motor controls the operation of the eighth driving wheel 84, and the fertilizing wheel 82 is driven to move through the eighth driving wheel 84, the fertilizing wheel 82 rotates to move the fertilizer, and the fertilizing mechanism chassis 85 is used for fertilizing.

[0053] Furthermore, the present invention provides a control system for a multi-functional integrated automated hanging-gutter yam planting machine, which includes a Festo TXT4.0 control board, an STM32F103RCT6 control board, an ATK-MS53L1M laser ranging module, an ESP8266WIFI communication module, a WTGPS-300 Beidou positioning module, a DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, a self-made PCB circuit board, an in-vehicle LCD serial big screen, a WeChat mini-program, and a large language model module. Two latest Festo TXT 4.0 control boards are used as the main control boards, and work instructions are sent through analog electrical signals to interact with an STM32F103RCT6 system board. At the same time, the system is fully connected to the Internet of Things system through the ESP8266 module via WIFI, and real-time data is uploaded to the cloud server. Users can achieve real-time monitoring and remote control of the system through the WeChat mini-program, forming a multi-in-one control system of Festo board + single-chip microcomputer + WeChat mini-program.

[0054] Embodiment 2

[0055] A multi-functional integrated automated hanging-gutter yam planting machine has the following working principle:

[0056] 1. Process of laying branches:

[0057] The first step in the forward working stroke of the whole machine is to lay branches at a certain interval above the already dug trenches.

[0058] Before starting work, several branches are first placed in the branch bin 12. The motor drives the first gear 181, driving the bevel gear set 171 to rotate. The first gear 181 drives the second gear 182 to rotate through the first chain 182, so that the blanking runner 16 starts to work; the motor drives the four-bar linkage 14 to work;

[0059] The bottom plate of the branch bin 12 is set at an inclination angle to make the branches roll down by themselves. The horizontal area at the front end of the outlet of the branch bin 12 is for 1 to 3 branches to stay temporarily. The bevel gear set 171 is linked to the four-bar linkage 14, and the four-bar linkage 14 is used for buffering and anti-jamming transportation. The crank 141 of the four-bar linkage 14 makes a circular motion, driving the branch block 15 to swing through the rocker 142 and the rocker arm 143. The arc-shaped branch block 15 prevents the branches from rolling forward by themselves and at the same time fits the motion trajectory of the four-bar linkage 14. Finally, the branches at the front end of the outlet of the branch bin 12 will fall along the arc-shaped branch block 15 under the action of the four-bar linkage 14; the branches enter the closed branch guide groove 13 through the four-bar linkage 14, and are connected to the blanking runner 16 composed of the branch-holding arc groove 161 at the outlet. The branches at the outlet of the guide groove 14 will fall into the branch-holding arc groove 161 and rotate with the blanking runner 16. After rotating half a circle along the blanking runner 16, they fall directly above the trench. The components of each mechanism cooperate continuously to complete the function of lowering the branches coherently.

[0060] 2. Process of laying plastic film:

[0061] After the branches are laid at the front end of the vehicle, the film pressing wheel 283 at the rear end of the vehicle slowly descends, and the yam planter starts to move forward. The farmer fixes one end of the plastic film with soil in advance. As the vehicle moves forward, the plastic film roller 102 rotates to release the film due to the pulling force from the front and back, realizing the laying of the plastic film.

[0062] When laying the plastic film, the motor drives the first lead screw 23 to rotate forward, the hinge support 28 moves vertically downward, and drives the film pressing wheel 283 to work through the connecting rod.

[0063] After laying the plastic film, the motor drives the first lead screw 23 to rotate reversely, the film pressing wheel 283 slowly rises, drives the first driving wheel 24 to rotate synchronously, the first driving wheel 24 drives the third gear 25 to rotate, drives the first worm gear 26 to rotate through the first worm 27 (transmission ratio 1:20), the first worm gear 26 drives the first incomplete gear 224 to rotate intermittently through the aluminum transmission column, this gear forms an alternating meshing mechanism with the second incomplete gear 225, the incomplete gear set (224 / 225) meshes with the rack 223, generating a periodic bidirectional linear driving force, driving the heating wire support 29 to work, driving the heating wire to reciprocate through the heating wire support 29, and the power is transmitted between the two mirror-symmetrical film covering mechanisms 2 through the hinge sprockets to achieve synchronous movement.

[0064] 3. Adjustable-distance seeding process of automatic feeding:

[0065] Process of the alternating movement of the push plate:

[0066] The motor drives the third driving wheel 39 to rotate, forms an eccentric movement through the rotation of the eccentric wheel crank 333, the eccentric wheel crank 333 drives the swinging yam section to move upward, and at the same time the second push plate 34 moves downward to close the upper space; when the first push plate 33 moves downward and resets, the second push plate 34 moves upward to perform the pushing action, sending the yam section to the crawler 36, and the push plates cycle alternately to form continuous feeding.

[0067] Process of crawler conveying:

[0068] The motor drives the second driving wheel 381 to rotate, drives the fifth gear 38 to rotate through gear meshing, the fifth gear 38 drives the fourth gear 37 to rotate synchronously through the transmission chain, the fourth gear 37 drives the crawler 36 shaft to rotate, making the crawler 36 connected to the third push plate 35 form a continuous conveying surface, and the yam section in the third push plate 35 is smoothly conveyed to the next process by the moving crawler 36.

[0069] Preferably, four U-shaped beams are selected for assembly during the construction of this product, and they are encapsulated on the outside to reduce the frictional loss of the yam cuttings. Among them, the inclined groove size of each push plate can just accommodate one yam cutting. If the yam cuttings are stacked on the push plate, during the upward movement of the first push plate 34, the critical stable state of the stacked yam cuttings is destroyed, and the stacked yam cuttings fall back into the yam bin 31, thus ensuring that the yam cuttings fall row by row onto the conveyor belt each time it is lifted.

[0070] The highest point of the first push plate 34 is close to the lowest point of the yam bin 31. When stacking occurs, the height at which the yam cuttings fall back into the bin is relatively low, and it hardly causes damage to the yam cuttings.

[0071] 4. Connecting mechanism

[0072] After being divided, the yam cuttings fall in a row on the crawler 36, and enter the yam guide groove 41 one by one through the connecting structure 4. The connecting track uses a runner 43 to assist the yam cuttings to move forward and enter the yam feeding groove 56 of the feeding mechanism 5.

[0073] 5. Feeding mechanism

[0074] The motor drives the fifth driving wheel 58 to rotate, driving the sprocket group meshed with it to rotate, thereby driving three sprocket groups to rotate. The yam cuttings enter the yam feeding groove 56 through the opening at the top of the feeding frame 51. The yam feeding groove 56 outside the hinge 55 rotates with the hinge 55. Each yam feeding groove 56 carries a single yam segment. The hinge 55 drives the feeding groove 56 to continuously operate along a triangular path, forming a cyclic operation of loading - conveying - unloading, and the yam segments fall smoothly into the groove.

[0075] Preferably, by adjusting the rotation speed of the fourth driving wheel 58, different yam plant spacings can be achieved for planting.

[0076] 6. Soil covering process:

[0077] Soil covering process at the rear of the vehicle:

[0078] The motor drives the seventh driving wheel 77 of the reversing support 76, driving the coaxial seventh gear 78 to rotate. The seventh gear 78 drives the second worm 74 to rotate, converting the horizontal axial rotation into the vertical axial rotation of the second worm 74. The second worm 74 drives the second worm gear 75 to rotate, achieving torque amplification and motion direction conversion through the second worm and worm gear. The axis of the second worm gear 75 is hinged with the parallelogram soil covering connecting rod 73. The parallelogram soil covering connecting rod 73 makes a translational motion under the drive of the second worm gear 75, thereby driving the translation of the moving part 71. The soil covering plate 72 generates an inclination adaptive rotation for soil covering along with the translation of the moving part 71.

[0079] Soil covering process in front of the vehicle:

[0080] When the yam planter moves backward, the motor drives the sixth driving wheel 64 to rotate. Through gear meshing, the sixth gear 65 is driven to rotate synchronously. The sixth gear 65 drives the right-side symmetric gears through the second chain 66, forming synchronous rotation of bilateral gears. The sixth gear 65 meshes with the thread of the lead screw slider 63, converting the rotational motion into a linear motion. The bilateral lead screw sliders 63 move at a constant speed in opposite directions under the mirror-symmetric layout, driving the left and right front-side converging soil covering plates 61 to perform synchronous linear lifting and lowering. When the front-side converging soil covering plate 61 descends, the triangular front limit marker 62 contacts the ground to form a positioning reference; the bilateral front-side converging soil covering plates 61 are in a V-shaped converging posture, pushing the soil towards the crop roots in a directional manner to achieve ridge furrow soil covering. When lifted, they are separated from the soil layer and maintain a stable height through the self-locking property of the lead screw.

[0081] 7. Irrigation and fertilization process:

[0082] Before working, a certain amount of granular fertilizer is added to the fertilizer bin 81 fixed on the vehicle. When starting to work, the water in the water tank mechanism 9 is sprayed for irrigation through the pressure of the pump; the motor drives the fertilizer application runner 82 by driving the eighth driving wheel 84. Under the centrifugal force of the fertilizer application runner 82, the originally blocked granular fertilizer flies outwards and is sprinkled onto the ground through the gap of the pulled-out chassis 85 to complete fertilization. When the driving motor stops working finally, the remaining granular fertilizer will automatically be blocked on the fertilizer application mechanism chassis 85, thus avoiding the scattering of granular fertilizer.

[0083] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: the specific implementation manners of the present invention can still be modified or equivalently replaced, and any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be covered by the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-functional integrated automated planting machine for hanging ditch yams, characterized in that, It includes a yam planter frame (10). At the front end of the yam planter frame (10), a branch supporting mechanism (1) and a front-end soil covering mechanism (6) are provided. Behind the branch supporting mechanism (1), a feeding mechanism (3), a fertilizing mechanism (8), and an irrigation mechanism (9) are arranged. The feeding mechanism (3) is connected to the discharging mechanism (5) through a connecting mechanism (4). At the end of the yam planter frame (10), a film covering mechanism (2) and a rear-end soil covering mechanism (7) are provided. The film covering mechanism (2) is located below the discharging mechanism (5). A motor is installed on the yam planter frame (10) to control the operation of this planting machine.

2. The multifunctional integrated automated yam planting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that The branch supporting mechanism (1) includes a branch supporting frame (11). A branch bin (12) is arranged on the branch supporting frame (11). The branch bin (12) communicates with a branch guide groove (13). At the outlet of the branch guide groove (13), a discharging runner (16) is provided. A branch supporting arc groove (161) is horizontally arranged on the discharging runner (16).

3. The multifunctional integrated automated yam planting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The film covering mechanism (2) is a mirror-symmetrical mechanism, including a film covering frame (21). On one side of the film covering frame (21), a first lead screw (23) is arranged. The first lead screw (23) is connected to a hinge support (28). The hinge support (28) is connected to a film pressing wheel (283) through a connecting rod. By driving the first lead screw (23) to rotate forward by a motor, the hinge support (28) is driven to drive the film pressing wheel (283) to descend.

4. A multifunctional integrated automatic hanging-groove yam planting machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The film covering frame (21) includes a reciprocating mechanism (22). A chute (221) is opened on the reciprocating mechanism (22). A slider (222) is slidably clamped on the chute (221). A rack (223) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the slider (222). The rack (223) meshes with a first incomplete gear (224) and a second incomplete gear (225). The first incomplete gear (224) and the second incomplete gear (225) mesh with each other. An electric heating wire support (29) is fixedly arranged on the side of the slider (222). The electric heating wire supports (29) of two mirror-symmetrical film covering mechanisms (2) are fixed at both ends of the heating wire.

5. A multifunctional integrated automated hanging groove yam planting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism (3) includes a feeding mechanism frame (32). The feeding mechanism frame (32) includes a yam bin (31). The yam bin (31) is sequentially connected to a fixed push plate (33), a first push plate (34), and a second push plate (35). The second push plate (35) is connected to a crawler (36).

6. The multifunctional integrated automated hanging-groove yam planting machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, A guide groove (331) is arranged between the first push plate (34) and the second push plate (35). The guide groove (331) is fixed to a swing rod (332). The swing rod (332) is hinged to an eccentric wheel crank (333). By rotating the eccentric wheel crank (333), the swing rod (332) is driven to move, thereby driving the guide groove (331) to reciprocate and driving the first push plate (34) and the second push plate (35) to make alternating translational motions.

7. A multifunctional integrated automated hanging groove yam planting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discharging mechanism (5) includes a discharging frame (51). The discharging frame (51) includes a conveying device in a triangular shape composed of three sprocket groups. The conveying device is combined through a hinge (55). A plurality of yam discharging grooves (56) are horizontally arranged on the outer surface of the hinge (55). Each yam discharging groove (56) holds a yam segment.

8. A multifunctional integrated automated yam planting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front soil covering mechanism (6) is a mirror structure, comprising a mirror-symmetrical front side gathering type soil covering plate (61), each front side gathering type soil covering plate (61) is telescopically connected to a second lead screw (63) through a column, the second lead screw (63) is fixed to a sixth gear (65), the sixth gear (65) and the sixth driving wheel (64) are coaxially driven, and the mirror-symmetrical front soil covering mechanism (6) realizes synchronous movement through a second chain (66), and the second chain (66) is engaged with the sixth gear (65).

9. A multifunctional integrated automated Chinese yam planting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear-end soil covering mechanism (7) is a mirror-image structure, comprising a moving member (71), the left and right moving members (71) are connected via a reversing bracket (76), a soil covering plate (72) is arranged at the end of the moving member (71), a soil covering connecting rod (73) is arranged on the same horizontal plane as the soil covering plate (72), a second worm gear (75) is fixed to the soil covering connecting rod (73), a second worm gear (75) drives a second worm (74), the second worm gear (74) is fixed to the reversing bracket (76), the second worm gear (74) is meshed with the second worm gear (75) to drive the soil covering connecting rod (73) to move, thereby driving the soil covering plate (72) to move.

10. The multifunctional integrated automated ditch-hanging yam planting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fertilizing mechanism (8) comprises a fertilizer bin (81), a fertilizing wheel (82) is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer bin (81), a chassis (85) is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizing wheel (82), the fertilizing wheel (82) is connected to an eighth driving wheel (84) via a rotating shaft (83), a motor controls the eighth driving wheel (84) to work, and the eighth driving wheel (84) drives the fertilizing wheel (82) to move, the fertilizing wheel (82) rotates to move fertilizer, and the chassis (85) of the fertilizing mechanism (8) is moved to fertilize.

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