Automatic heat preservation and shading device for fruit and vegetable greenhouse and heat preservation planting method

Abstract

The application discloses a fruit and vegetable greenhouse automatic heat preservation and shading device and a heat preservation planting method, which comprises an outer layer shed body and an inner layer shed body. The outer layer shed body is a transparent shed body. The inner layer shed body is located on the inner side of the outer layer shed body. An interval layer is formed between the outer layer shed body and the inner layer shed body. An air layer is formed in the interval layer, which is used for temperature insulation between the outer side of the outer layer shed body and the inner side of the inner layer shed body. The double-layer shed body structure can realize double-layer heat preservation of the shed body. The outer layer shed body is a light-transmitting shed body, which is usually a shed body made of transparent film or transparent glass. The inner layer shed body is an opaque heat preservation shed body. The cover of the inner layer shed body is a flexible shielding member, which has good heat preservation and shading effects. The inner layer shed body and the outer layer shed body can jointly form a heat preservation effect. The interval layer between the two shed bodies forms an air layer, which effectively insulates the low temperature outside and keeps the temperature in the shed stable.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fruit and vegetable planting, and more particularly to an automatic heat preservation and shading device for a fruit and vegetable greenhouse, and to a heat preservation planting method. BACKGROUND

[0002] For most fruits and vegetables, warm and suitable temperature is a key factor to promote plant growth, shorten the production cycle and obtain better benefits. However, in many regions of China, especially in the northern part of Zhejiang where the winter temperature is low, such climate conditions are not conducive to the growth and planting of fruits and vegetables, especially tropical fruits and vegetables.

[0003] With the continuous progress of agricultural technology, some farmers have begun to explore the planting of tropical fruits and vegetables such as dragon fruit and mango in the northern part of Zhejiang and other originally unsuitable areas. The advantage of this approach is that it can significantly shorten the transportation distance and time period, and even achieve the fresh experience of picking, selling and eating on the same day. Taking fruits as an example, considering the preservation problem, tropical fruits are often not fully ripe when picked and need to be ripened during transportation and storage. Localized planting can ensure that ripe fruits are picked, thereby improving the quality of fresh fruits.

[0004] In order to realize the localized planting of tropical fruits and vegetables in the northern part of Zhejiang and other places, the traditional method is to use a greenhouse structure to form a greenhouse and to heat the inside of the greenhouse. However, the protection effect of this traditional greenhouse is relatively single, especially at night in winter, the heat loss is fast, and it is difficult to meet the growth requirements of tropical fruits and vegetables. In order to solve this problem, the common solution at present is to use electric heating to maintain the temperature in the shed. Although this method is effective, the temperature loss is fast, resulting in high energy consumption, which in turn affects the economic benefits of planting.

[0005] Therefore, a new scheme needs to be proposed to solve this problem. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an automatic heat preservation and shading device for a fruit and vegetable greenhouse and a heat preservation planting method.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0008] An automatic heat preservation and shading device for a fruit and vegetable greenhouse comprises an outer shed body and an inner shed body, the outer shed body is a transparent shed body, the inner shed body is located inside the outer shed body, a spacing layer is formed between the outer shed body and the inner shed body, an air layer is formed in the spacing layer for temperature insulation between the outside of the outer shed body and the inside of the inner shed body.

[0009] The inner layer shed body is an opaque heat preservation shed body, the inner layer shed body comprises a side shed body and a top shed body, the side shed body and the top shed body are covered with flexible shielding members, and the flexible shielding members of the side shed body and the top shed body can be opened and adjusted.

[0010] The width of the spacing layer is 40-60 cm.

[0011] The flexible shielding member of the side shed body is in a roller blind structure and can be rolled to be opened and adjusted.

[0012] The top shed body comprises a top support frame, the top support frame comprises a plurality of longitudinal support rods and a plurality of groups of transverse support rod groups, the longitudinal support rods are arranged along the length direction of the inner layer shed body and are arranged in parallel with each other, the transverse support rod group comprises a support rod one and a support rod two, the support rod one and the support rod two are arranged in parallel with each other and perpendicularly to the longitudinal support rods.

[0013] The support rod one and the support rod two form an adjusting interval, the flexible shielding member is arranged in the adjusting interval and is connected with the support rod one and the support rod two respectively, the support rod one and the support rod two can be adjusted along the length direction of the longitudinal support rod to realize the opening and adjustment of the flexible shielding member in the adjusting interval.

[0014] The support rod one is fixedly supported by the shed frame, the support rod two is arranged on the longitudinal support rod, the longitudinal support rod and the support rod one are slidably connected, and the sliding direction is the length direction of the longitudinal support rod.

[0015] The transverse support rod groups are distributed along the length direction of the longitudinal support rod, the support rod two of each transverse support rod group can be synchronously adjusted with the longitudinal support rod, and the flexible shielding member between the support rod one and the support rod two of each group can be synchronously opened and adjusted.

[0016] The lower side of the support rod one is fixedly connected with a connecting seat, the longitudinal support rod is arranged in the connecting seat in a penetrating mode, two guide wheels are arranged in the connecting seat and correspond to the upper side and the lower side of the longitudinal support rod, and the longitudinal support rod is limited by rolling through the two guide wheels.

[0017] The top support frame further comprises a driving assembly installed on one of the groups of transverse support rods, the driving assembly comprising a gear, a transmission shaft and a rack, the gear being rotatably installed on a connecting seat and located on the lower side of the longitudinal support rod, the gear transmission shaft being in transmission connection, the rack being fixedly installed on the longitudinal support rod, the rack and the gear being in meshing connection, a plurality of groups of driving assemblies being arranged along the width direction of the top support frame, and the transmission shafts of the groups of driving assemblies being coaxially connected;

[0018] The flexible shielding member at the adjusting interval is located above the longitudinal support rod, and the top shed further comprises a plurality of groups of lower limiting rope cables and upper limiting rope cables, the upper limiting rope cables and the lower limiting rope cables being opposite to each other and located on the upper and lower sides of the flexible shielding member respectively for limiting the flexible shielding member.

[0019] The application further provides a fruit and vegetable heat preservation planting method, which adopts the automatic heat preservation and shading device for fruit and vegetable sheds.

[0020] The outer shed of the automatic heat preservation and shading device for fruit and vegetable sheds is transparent, and the inner shed of the automatic heat preservation and shading device for fruit and vegetable sheds is covered with a flexible shielding member.

[0021] In the case of sunlight during the day, the inner shed can be opened, sunlight can pass through the outer shed and enter the inner shed, and the temperature in the shed is increased.

[0022] At night, the inner shed can be closed, the outer shed and the inner shed can jointly preserve heat in the shed, and an interval layer is formed between the outer shed and the inner shed, an air layer is formed in the interval layer, and the air layer can separate the outside of the outer shed from the inside of the inner shed.

[0023] In summary, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] By adopting the double-layer shed structure, the double-layer heat preservation of the shed can be achieved, the outer shed is a light-transmitting shed, usually a shed made of transparent film or transparent glass, the inner shed is a non-transparent heat preservation shed, and the covering of the inner shed is a flexible shielding member, which has good heat preservation and shading effect. The inner shed and the outer shed can jointly form a heat preservation effect, and the interval layer between the two sheds forms an air layer, which effectively insulates the low temperature outside and maintains the stable temperature in the shed.

[0025] The covering of the inner shed can be adjusted to be opened or closed, in the opened state, the inner shed is in an open state, sunlight can enter, and plants in the shed can produce, and in the closed state, the covering of the inner shed can shield, protect the space in the inner shed and maintain the temperature in the low temperature environment at night.

[0026] By adopting this double-layer greenhouse structure, the temperature inside the greenhouse can be maintained at a relatively high and stable level, which is suitable for the cultivation of fruits and vegetables, especially tropical fruits and vegetables. This not only shortens the production cycle of agricultural products, but also enables the localization of tropical fruits and vegetables. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an automatic heat preservation and shading device for fruit and vegetable greenhouses in Embodiment 1;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first state of the top support frame in Embodiment 1;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second state of the top support frame in Embodiment 1;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion of the image;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second state of the transverse support rod assembly in Embodiment 1;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the first state of the transverse support rod assembly in Embodiment 1;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the flexible shielding component in Embodiment 1;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of support rod 2 and drive assembly in Embodiment 2. Figure 1 Flexible shielding components are not shown.

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of support rod 2 and drive assembly in Embodiment 2. Figure 2 Flexible shielding components are not shown.

[0036] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the drive shaft, winding wheel, and one-way linkage in Embodiment 2;

[0037] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the drive shaft, gears, and one-way linkage in Example 2.

[0038] Reference numerals: Outer canopy 1; Spacer layer 10; Inner canopy 2; Side canopy 21; Top canopy 22; Top support frame 3; Longitudinal support rod 4; Transverse support rod group 5; Support rod one 51; Support rod two 52; Adjustable interval 53; Connecting seat 6; Guide wheel 61; Gear 7; Drive shaft 71; Rack 72; Limiting rope 8; Lower limit rope 81; First end 810; Upper limit rope 82; Second end 820; Flexible shielding component 9; Surface layer 901; Thermal insulation filler 902;

[0039] 100 winding wheel; 101 guide wheel one; 102 guide wheel two; 103 guide wheel three; 104 movable frame; 105 hinge end; 106 clearance groove; 107 guide block; 108 guide groove; 109 magnetic suction component; 1010 guide wheel; 1011 tension spring;

[0040] One-way linkage 200; outer ring body 201; ratchet 202; inner ring body 203; pawl 204; linkage end 205; stop block 206. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] This embodiment discloses an automatic heat preservation and shading device for fruit and vegetable greenhouses, referring to... Figures 1-7 As shown, the structure includes an outer shed 1 and an inner shed 2, with the inner shed 2 located inside the outer shed 1, forming a double-layered shed structure. A spacer layer 10 is formed between the outer shed 1 and the inner shed 2, and an air layer is formed within the spacer layer 10. Air has good insulation properties, reducing temperature loss within the inner shed 2 during low nighttime conditions. Typically, the width of the spacer layer 10 is 40cm-60cm.

[0044] The outer greenhouse 1 is a transparent structure, typically constructed of transparent film or glass. The inner greenhouse 2 is an opaque, insulated structure, and its covering is a flexible shading element 9, providing excellent insulation and shading. The covering of the inner greenhouse 2 can be adjusted to open and close. When open, the inner greenhouse 2 is in an open state, allowing sunlight to enter and support the plants inside. When closed, the covering of the inner greenhouse 2 acts as a shading element, protecting the space inside and maintaining a low temperature during nighttime.

[0045] In addition, the cover of the inner layer shed 2 is made of light-proof material, which can also play a role in shading. In the environment of high temperature and strong sunlight, the outer layer shed 1 can be opened, and the cover of the inner layer shed 2 can be folded, thereby forming a shading effect, which can play a role in temperature insulation protection to some extent, thereby avoiding the burning of plants in the inner layer shed 2.

[0046] The embodiment discloses a fruit and vegetable heat preservation planting method, which is planted by using the automatic heat preservation and shading device for fruit and vegetable greenhouse in the above embodiment, and is suitable for planting fruit and vegetable agricultural products. The outer layer shed 1 of the automatic heat preservation and shading device for fruit and vegetable greenhouse is transparent, and the inner layer shed 2 of the automatic heat preservation and shading device for fruit and vegetable greenhouse is covered with a flexible shielding piece 9.

[0047] In the case of sunlight during the day, the inner layer shed 2 can be opened, and sunlight can pass through the outer layer shed 1 and enter the inner layer shed 2, thereby increasing the temperature in the shed.

[0048] In the case of night, the inner layer shed 2 can be closed, and the outer layer shed 1 and the inner layer shed 2 jointly preserve heat in the shed, and an interval layer 10 is formed between the outer layer shed 1 and the inner layer shed 2, and an air layer is formed in the interval layer 10, which is used for temperature insulation between the outer side of the outer layer shed 1 and the inner side of the inner layer shed 2.

[0049] Through the structure of the double-layer shed, the temperature in the shed can be maintained at a relatively high environment, and the method can be suitable for planting fruit and vegetable agricultural products. By using the method, tropical fruits and vegetables can be planted in the north of Zhejiang, the production cycle of agricultural products can be shortened, and the localization planting of tropical fruit and vegetable products can also be realized.

[0050] Further, in order to realize the environment control in the shed, heating devices, humidity control devices, air exchange devices and the like are arranged in the shed, and the shed can form an environment suitable for the growth of corresponding fruits and vegetables through comprehensive adjustment. The heating device can be an electric auxiliary heating device, which can temporarily heat when the temperature is too low to maintain the temperature in the shed. Generally, the heating device is used at night in winter. The humidity control device can maintain the humidity in the shed, so that it can meet the growth needs of corresponding agricultural products.

[0051] In the embodiment, the inner layer shed 2 includes a side shed 21 and a top shed 22, and the side shed 21 and the top shed 22 are both covered with a flexible shielding piece 9, and the flexible shielding pieces 9 of the side shed 21 and the top shed 22 can be adjusted to be opened or closed. The flexible shielding piece 9 of the side shed 21 adopts a rolling structure to be folded, and an electric winch can be used for control, so that the opening and closing control of the side shed 21 can be realized.

[0052] Referring to Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, the top shed body 22 comprises a top support frame 3, which comprises a plurality of longitudinal support rods 4 and a plurality of groups of transverse support rod groups 5. Each longitudinal support rod 4 is arranged along the length direction of the inner layer shed body 2 and is arranged in parallel with each other; the transverse support rod group 5 comprises a support rod one 51 and a support rod two 52, which are arranged in parallel with each other and perpendicular to the longitudinal support rod 4.

[0053] An adjusting interval 53 is formed between the support rod one 51 and the support rod two 52, and the flexible shielding member 9 is arranged in the adjusting interval 53. The flexible shielding member 9 has a substantially rectangular structure and has two opposite edges connected with the support rod one 51 and the support rod two 52, respectively.

[0054] In the same group of transverse support rod groups 5, the support rod one 51 and the support rod two 52 can be adjusted along the length direction of the longitudinal support rod 4. In the process of moving away from each other, the flexible shielding member 9 between the support rod one 51 and the support rod two 52 can be opened, and the area covered by the flexible shielding member 9 will also increase. With the cooperation of each flexible shielding member 9, the inner layer shed body 2 can be gradually closed. Conversely, the flexible shielding member 9 can be folded, so that the area covered by the flexible shielding member 9 gradually decreases, and the top of the inner layer shed body 2 can be gradually opened, thereby realizing the opening and closing adjustment of the flexible shielding member 9 in the adjusting interval 53, and being able to adapt to more situations.

[0055] Referring to Figures 2-6 As shown, the support rod one 51 is fixedly supported by the shed frame, and the support rod two 52 is installed on the longitudinal support rod 4. In this embodiment, the support rod two 52 is fixedly connected with the longitudinal support rod 4. The longitudinal support rod 4 is slidably connected with the support rod one 51, and the sliding direction is the length direction of the longitudinal support rod 4. The transverse support rod group 5 is distributed along the length direction of the longitudinal support rod 4, and the support rod two 52 of each transverse support rod group 5 can be synchronously adjusted with the longitudinal support rod 4.

[0056] The flexible shielding member 9 between each group of support rod one 51 and support rod two 52 can be synchronously adjusted. Among them, the connecting seat 6 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the support rod one 51, and the longitudinal support rod 4 is arranged in the connecting seat 6. Two guide wheels 61 are arranged in the connecting seat 6 corresponding to the upper and lower sides of the longitudinal support rod 4, and the longitudinal support rod 4 is rolled and limited by the two guide wheels 61. The use of the upper and lower guide wheels 61 can roll and support the longitudinal support rod 4, thereby forming a smooth guide sliding structure, and the longitudinal support rod 4 can be adjusted along the length direction.

[0057] The lower side of the support rod two 52 is fixedly connected with the longitudinal support rod 4, and the support rod two 52 is synchronously adjusted with the longitudinal support rod 4 during the adjustment process. The driving force is applied to the longitudinal support rod 4, and each support rod two 52 connected with the longitudinal support rod 4 is synchronously adjusted.

[0058] By dividing the flexible cover 9 of the top canopy 22 into multiple parts, specifically, into multiple parts along the length direction of the longitudinal support rod 4, the sliding stroke of the longitudinal support rod 4 and the support rod 52 can be reduced, and the volume occupied by the flexible cover 9 after being folded can also be reduced. The size of the flexible cover 9 during folding is small, and the opening and closing adjustment is facilitated.

[0059] The flexible cover 9 at the adjustment interval 53 is located above the longitudinal support rod 4. The flexible cover 9 can be supported by the longitudinal support rod 4, and can be stably supported and limited. In addition, the top canopy 22 further comprises a plurality of sets of lower limiting rope cables 81 and upper limiting rope cables 82, which are arranged along the length direction of the longitudinal support rod 4.

[0060] The upper limiting rope cable 82 and the lower limiting rope cable 81 are opposite to each other and are located on the upper and lower sides of the flexible cover 9, respectively, for limiting the flexible cover 9. The upper limiting rope cable 82 and the lower limiting rope cable 81 can be used for upper and lower limiting, and the flexible cover 9 can be limited by multiple sets of upper and lower rope cables, thereby maintaining the stability of the flexible cover 9 during opening and closing adjustment, and forming a smooth folding structure.

[0061] Referring to Figure 7 In the embodiment, the cover of the inner canopy 2 adopts a multi-layer composite structure, and the flexible cover 9 also adopts the structure of the cover. The cover comprises two surface layers 901, and a fluffy heat-insulating filler 902 is filled between the two surface layers 901, so as to increase the overall thickness and form loose air in the middle, thereby improving the heat-insulating effect. The two surface layers 901 can be processed into a plurality of stripe structures by sewing, and the fluffy heat-insulating filler 902 can be filled between the two sewing stripes.

[0062] Referring to Figures 4-6 The top support frame 3 further comprises a driving assembly, and the driving assembly is installed on one set of the transverse support rod group 5. The driving assembly comprises a gear 7, a transmission shaft 71 and a rack 72. The gear 7 is rotatably installed on the connecting seat 6 and located on the lower side of the longitudinal support rod 4. The gear 7 is in transmission connection with the transmission shaft 71. In the embodiment, the gear 7 is fixedly installed on the transmission shaft 71.

[0063] The rack 72 is fixedly installed on the longitudinal support rod 4, and the rack 72 is in meshing connection with the gear 7. A plurality of sets of driving assemblies are arranged in the width direction of the top support frame 3 in the width direction. The transmission shafts 71 of the driving assemblies are coaxially connected.

[0064] In the driving process, the motor drives the transmission shaft 71 to rotate, drives the rack 72 to rotate, the rack 72 and the rack 72 are meshed with each other, and then the rack 72 can be driven to generate a sliding movement, and the longitudinal support rod 4 can be driven to slide along the length direction. Under the joint action of a plurality of driving assemblies, each longitudinal support rod 4 can realize sliding adjustment together, and then the support rod one 51 and the support rod two 52 can realize the opening and closing action. In each group of transverse support rod groups 5, the support rod two 52 will realize synchronous movement, so that the flexible shielding member 9 of the top shed body 22 can realize simultaneous closing and opening.

[0065] Embodiment two

[0066] The embodiment discloses a kind of automatic heat preservation shading devices of fruit and vegetable greenhouse, on the basis of above-mentioned embodiment one, referring to Figures 8-11 Detailed description is carried out, and the structure of driving assembly is further optimized.

[0067] The top support frame 3 further includes a driving assembly installed in one of the transverse support rod groups 5. The driving assembly includes a gear 7, a transmission shaft 71 and a rack 72. The gear 7 is rotatably installed in the connecting seat 6 and located below the longitudinal support rod 4. The gear 7 is in driving connection with the transmission shaft 71.

[0068] In this embodiment, the gear 7 is rotatably connected to the transmission shaft 71 and connected between the two through the first set of one-way linkage 200. The one-way linkage 200 can realize one-way transmission during rotation, and the transmission structure of reverse idle rotation is similar to the ratchet transmission structure.

[0069] Further, in this embodiment, the driving assembly further includes a winding wheel 100, a guide wheel one 101, a guide wheel two 102 and a guide wheel three 103, and in this embodiment, the lower limit position cable 81 and the upper limit position cable 82 are the same limit position cable 8. Among them, the winding wheel 100 is rotatably installed outside the transmission shaft 71, and is connected between the winding wheel 100 and the transmission shaft 71 through the second set of one-way linkage 200, which is opposite to the one-way linkage direction of the first set of one-way linkage 200.

[0070] The guide wheel one 101 is rotatably installed in the connecting seat 6, which can guide the limit position cable 8; the guide wheel one 101, the guide wheel two 102 and the guide wheel 61 can be coaxial. The guide wheel two 102 is rotatably installed below the support rod one 51, and the guide wheel two 102 and the guide wheel one 101 are installed in an upper and lower position. The guide wheel three 103 is rotatably installed in the support rod two 52.

[0071] The limiting ropes 8 are provided in plurality, and each limiting rope 8 is connected with the corresponding driving assembly in cooperation. The first end 810 of the limiting rope 8 is fixedly connected to the connecting seat 6, and the limiting rope 8 extends towards the supporting rod two 52, passes around the guide wheel three 103, extends towards the supporting rod one 51, passes around the guide wheel two 102, extends downwards, passes around the guide wheel one 101, and finally, the second end 820 of the limiting rope 8 is fixedly wound outside the winding wheel 100. It is shown in Figure 8 It is shown in

[0072] It is shown in Figure 10 , Figure 11 The one-way linkage 200 is basically the same in structure and is arranged in opposite directions. Specifically, the one-way linkage 200 comprises an outer ring body 201, a ratchet 202, an inner ring body 203 and a pawl 204. The outer ring body 201 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the transmission shaft 71 and is fixedly connected with the end of the corresponding winding wheel 100 or gear 7. The ratchet 202 is integrally fixedly connected to the inner periphery of the outer ring body 201 and is uniformly distributed in the circumference;

[0073] The inner ring body 203 is located in the inner periphery of the outer ring body 201 and is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft 71. The transmission shaft 71 drives the inner ring body 203 to rotate in the rotation process. A plurality of groups of pawls 204 are installed at the end face of the inner ring body 203. One end of the pawl 204 is a hinged end 105, which is hinged to the inner ring body 203 towards the inner periphery. The other end of the pawl 204 is a linkage end 205, which is adapted in shape to the tooth shape of the ratchet 202. A stop block 206 is fixedly connected at the end face of the inner ring body 203, and the stop block 206 corresponds to the pawl 204 one by one. In the rotation process in the linkage direction, the stop block 206 can block and limit the pawl 204, so that the pawl 204 can remain in the state of the linkage end 205 extending outward, so that the linkage end 205 can be in mutual pressure linkage with the ratchet 202. In the reverse rotation process, the stop block 206 cannot block the linkage end 205 of the pawl 204, so that the linkage end 205 of the pawl 204 is deflected towards the inner periphery, and the linkage end 205 is retracted towards the inner periphery. The linkage end 205 cannot be linked with the ratchet 202, forming reverse relative slip.

[0074] It is shown in Figure 8 , Figure 11As shown, during the counterclockwise rotation of the drive shaft 71, the drive shaft 71 and gear 7 can be linked together. That is, the drive shaft 71 drives the gear 7 to rotate, and the gear 7 then drives the rack 72 to move, which can drive the longitudinal support rod 4 and support rod 52 to move to the left. The top canopy 22 can then be unfolded, providing shade and insulation. In the one-way linkage 200, the lower part of the pawl 204, under the action of gravity and centrifugal rotation, has its linkage end 205 deflected outward and abut against the stop block 206 to achieve a limit. The linkage end 205 of the pawl 204 can be linked unidirectionally with the ratchet 202, thereby enabling the drive shaft 71, the one-way linkage 200, and the gear 7 to rotate synchronously counterclockwise, which can drive the top canopy 22 to unfold, allowing the top canopy 22 to cover the top. (Refer to...) Figure 10 As shown, when the drive shaft 71 rotates counterclockwise, the one-way linkage 200 between the drive shaft 71 and the winding wheel 100 is in a slipping state, and no torque is transmitted between the drive shaft 71 and the winding wheel 100. The winding wheel 100 can adapt to the movement of the longitudinal support rod 4 and automatically unwind and release the limit rope 8.

[0075] Reference Figure 8 , Figure 10 As shown, during the clockwise rotation of the drive shaft 71, the drive shaft 71 and the take-up wheel 100 can be linked together. That is, the drive shaft 71 will drive the take-up wheel 100 to rotate, and then the take-up wheel 100 will drive the limit rope 8 to be wound up and pulled. Under the action of the winding tension, the longitudinal support rod 4, the second support rod 52 and the top canopy 22 can be moved to the right, so that the top canopy 22 can be retracted and the top space can be opened to achieve normal lighting. In the one-way linkage 200, the lower part of the pawl 204, under the action of gravity and centrifugal rotation, has its linkage end 205 deflected outward and abut against the stop block 206 to achieve a limit. The linkage end 205 of the pawl 204 can be linked unidirectionally with the ratchet 202, thereby enabling the drive shaft 71, the one-way linkage 200, and the gear 7 to rotate clockwise synchronously, which can drive the top canopy 22 to close, and the top canopy 22 can gradually open from a covered state. (Refer to...) Figure 11 As shown, when the drive shaft 71 rotates clockwise, the one-way linkage 200 between the drive shaft 71 and the gear 7 is in a slipping state, no torque is transmitted between the drive shaft 71 and the gear 7, no driving action is generated between the gear 7 and the rack 72, and the support rod 4, support rod 52 and the top canopy 22 will only move under the winding action of the limit rope 8.

[0076] By adopting the winding manner of the winding wheel 10, the limiting rope 8 can keep the stability of the movement of the top shed body 22 during the winding process; and the guide wheel three 103 can form a movable pulley structure, which can form a stable folding effect and improve the stability and stability of the folding action. Since the end of the limiting rope 8 is directly fixed outside the winding wheel 10, it will not cause the slipping effect, and the adverse situation of the gear and the rack slipping during the folding process can be avoided.

[0077] In the embodiment, the cover of the inner layer shed body 2 can adopt a multi-layer composite structure, and has different thicknesses according to different heat preservation effects. When the thickness of the cover is large, the inner layer shed body 2 still has a large width in the folded state, which causes the shielding space of the top to be too large, affecting the light efficiency.

[0078] Therefore, the support rod two 52 and the longitudinal support rod 4 can form a mutual activity structure in the embodiment, and one side of the support rod two 52 can be tilted upward in the folded state of the inner layer shed body 2, so that the side edge of the inner layer shed body 2 rises, and the projection area in the sunlight direction is reduced, thereby reducing the shading area of the inner layer shed body 2 in the folded state. For details, refer to Figure 9 .

[0079] The lower part of the support rod two 52 is fixedly connected with the movable frame 104, one side of the movable frame 104 is connected with the support rod two 52, the other side extends to the support rod one 51 direction to form a hinged end 105; the hinged end 105 is rotationally connected with the upper side of the longitudinal support rod 4, so that the support rod two 52 and the movable frame 104 can be deflected upward around the hinged end 105.

[0080] The upper side of the longitudinal support rod 4 is provided with a gap slot 106, so that part of the movable frame 104 can be embedded in the gap slot 106. Moreover, the upper part of the gap slot 106 is fixedly connected with a guide block 107, and the lower side of the support rod two 52 is provided with a guide groove 108 at the corresponding position, the guide block 107 and the guide groove 108 are matched with each other, which can guide in the upward and downward directions and reduce the lateral deviation.

[0081] During the winding process of the winding wheel 100, the limiting rope 8 drives the support rod two 52 and other components to move to the right side, the support rod two 52 will be subjected to a right-tilting upward tension, which can fold and tilt the support rod two 52 and the movable frame 104 upward, thereby forming an inclined upward structure, and reducing the shading area of the inner layer shed body 2 in the folded state.

[0082] When the support rod two 52 and the movable frame 104 move to the right, i.e. during the folding of the top shed 22, after the top shed 22 is folded to a certain extent, the local top shed 22 can not be folded due to poor folding of the top shed. At this time, the winding wheel 100 will continue to wind the limiting rope 8, and the support rod two 52 and the movable frame 104 can be deflected upward around the hinge end 105, so that the distance between the support rod two 52 and the support rod one 51 can be appropriately close, thereby playing a buffering role.

[0083] Further, a tension spring 1011 is connected between the movable frame 104 and the upper side of the giving slot 106, which can exert a downward pulling force on the movable frame 104. During the horizontal movement of the support rod two 52 and the movable frame 104, it can move with the longitudinal support rod 4, and by deflection of the movable frame 104 upward, it can play a buffering role.

[0084] Further, an electrically controlled magnetic attraction piece 109 is installed at the corresponding position between the upper side of the guide block 107 and the inner side of the guide slot 108, which can be an electromagnet and can be connected and released by control. Through electrical control, when the support rod two 52 is at a position far from the support rod one 51, the magnetic attraction piece 109 will attract and fix the guide block 107 and the support rod two 52, fixing the support rod two 52 so that it can be fixed with the longitudinal support rod 4 and move synchronously;

[0085] When the support rod two 52 is at a position close to the support rod one 51, the magnetic attraction piece 109 is demagnetized, releasing the guide block 107 and the support rod two 52, so that the support rod two 52 and the movable frame 104 are folded upward and act with the winding of the limiting rope 8. Moreover, after the support rod two 52 and the movable frame 104 are folded upward to a certain angle, the upward folding of the support rod two 52 and the movable frame 104 will form a downward force, which can play a certain buffering role and maintain the stability of the folding process.

[0086] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Any technical solution falling within the concept of the present application shall be within the protection scope of the present application. It should be noted that for ordinary skilled persons in the art, some improvements and refinements without departing from the principles of the present application shall also be considered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An automatic heat preservation and shading device for fruit and vegetable greenhouses, characterized in that, It includes an outer shed and an inner shed. The outer shed is transparent. The inner shed is located inside the outer shed. An air gap is formed between the outer shed and the inner shed. This air gap is used for heat insulation between the outside of the outer shed and the inside of the inner shed. The inner canopy includes side canopies and a top canopy; The top canopy includes a top support frame, which includes several longitudinal support rods and several groups of transverse support rods. The longitudinal support rods are arranged along the length of the inner canopy and are parallel to each other. The transverse support rod groups include support rod one and support rod two, which are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the longitudinal support rods. An adjustment interval is formed between the first support rod and the second support rod. A flexible shielding component is disposed within the adjustment interval and is connected to the first support rod and the second support rod respectively. The first support rod and the second support rod can be adjusted relative to each other along the length direction of the longitudinal support rod. The first support rod is fixed by a scaffold, the second support rod is installed on the longitudinal support rod, and the longitudinal support rod and the first support rod are slidably connected to each other, with the sliding direction being the length direction of the longitudinal support rod; A connecting seat is fixedly connected to the lower side of the support rod 1; The top support frame also includes a drive assembly, which is installed on one of the sets of transverse support rods. The drive assembly includes a gear, a drive shaft, and a rack. The gear is rotatably mounted on a connecting seat and located on the lower side of the longitudinal support rod. The gear is connected to the drive shaft. The rack is fixedly mounted on the longitudinal support rod and meshes with the gear. Several sets of drive assemblies are arranged along the width direction of the top support frame, and the drive shafts of each set of drive assemblies are coaxially connected. The gear is rotatably connected to the outside of the drive shaft and is connected between the two by a first set of one-way linkages; The drive assembly also includes a take-up reel, guide reel one, guide reel two, guide reel three, and a limit rope; The take-up reel is rotatably mounted outside the drive shaft. The take-up reel and the drive shaft are connected by a second set of one-way linkages, which are opposite to the one-way linkage direction of the first set of one-way linkages. The first end of the limiting rope is fixedly connected to the connecting seat. The limiting rope extends towards the second support rod, passes around the third guide wheel, then extends towards the first support rod, passes around the second guide wheel, then extends downward, passes around the first guide wheel, and finally, the second end of the limiting rope is fixed and wound around the take-up wheel. The one-way linkage includes an outer ring body, ratchet teeth, an inner ring body, and a pawl. The outer ring body is fitted around the outer circumference of the drive shaft and is connected and fixed to the end of the corresponding take-up wheel or gear. The ratchet teeth are integrally fixed to the inner circumference of the outer ring body, forming a uniformly distributed circumference.

2. The automatic heat preservation and shading device for fruit and vegetable greenhouses according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner canopy is an opaque, insulated canopy. Both the side and top canopies are covered with flexible shielding elements, and these flexible shielding elements can be opened and closed for adjustment.

3. The automatic heat preservation and shading device for fruit and vegetable greenhouses according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the spacer layer is 40cm-60cm.

4. The automatic heat preservation and shading device for fruit and vegetable greenhouses according to claim 2, characterized in that, The flexible shielding component of the side canopy has a roller blind-like structure that can be rolled up and adjusted.

5. The automatic heat preservation and shading device for fruit and vegetable greenhouses according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transverse support rod groups are distributed along the length of the longitudinal support rods, and the second support rod of each transverse support rod group can be adjusted synchronously with the longitudinal support rod; the flexible shielding components between the first and second support rods of each group can be opened and closed synchronously.

6. The automatic heat preservation and shading device for fruit and vegetable greenhouses according to claim 1, characterized in that, The longitudinal support rod extends through the connecting seat, and two guide wheels are provided on the upper and lower sides of the connecting seat corresponding to the longitudinal support rod. The longitudinal support rod is limited by rolling through the two guide wheels.

7. A method for heat-insulating planting, characterized in that, The automatic heat preservation and shading device for fruit and vegetable greenhouses as described in any one of claims 1-6 is used for planting; The outer layer of the automatic heat preservation and shading device for fruit and vegetable greenhouses is transparent, while the inner layer of the device is covered with flexible shading components. During the day when there is sunlight, the inner layer of the greenhouse can be opened, allowing sunlight to shine through the outer layer into the inner layer and raising the temperature inside the greenhouse. At night, the inner shed can be closed, and the outer and inner sheds work together to keep the inside of the shed warm. An air layer is formed between the outer and inner sheds, which is used to insulate the outside of the outer shed from the inside of the inner shed.

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