Method for increasing egg yield of breeding geese based on continuous laying traits

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for increasing the egg yield of breeding geese based on continuous laying traits, and compared with traditional individual egg yield breeding technologies such as manual egg supporting and female goose alternate mating, the method is time-saving and labor-saving, has no stress to the breeding geese, and the measurement accuracy is up to 95% or above. Compared with an intelligent goose egg laying recording system developed on the basis of RFID identification and the Internet of Things, the intelligent goose egg laying recording system is low in investment which is only 1 / 10 of that of the system, and is suitable for medium and small-scale breeding goose enterprises; the measuring period is short and is only 1 / 6 of that of the system, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for improving the egg production of breeding geese based on consecutive egg production traits, and belongs to the field of improving the egg production of breeding geese. Background Art

[0002] The egg production of meat geese is low, generally ranging from 25 to 50, which not only causes the high production cost of goose seedlings, but also seriously hinders the development and growth of the meat goose industry. Therefore, carrying out the breeding of meat goose egg production has become a key technical problem urgently needed to be solved in the meat goose industry.

[0003] Regarding the breeding of meat goose egg production, currently, the method of combining families and individuals is mainly adopted. Since there are often individuals with low egg production in some families, increasing the breeding of individual meat goose egg production has become an effective method to improve the egg production of meat geese. Due to the low domestication degree of geese, large-scale cage breeding of breeding geese is still not possible. Currently, methods such as artificial egg support and rotational mating of female geese are commonly used, which are not only time-consuming and laborious, but also cause great stress to breeding geese, making it difficult to truly reflect the egg production performance of individual geese, and the breeding is difficult to achieve ideal results. Recently, with the development of information technology and intelligent animal husbandry, an intelligent egg production recording system for geese has been developed by applying RFID identification and Internet of Things technology. Although this system can accurately record the egg production performance under stress-free conditions, the cost of this system is high, each set is more than 10,000 yuan, and a breeding goose farm with 200 families needs to invest more than 2 million yuan. It is difficult for general-scale breeding goose farms to apply it on a large scale. In addition, since the measurement period is as long as 8 months, special technical personnel are required every day for data management and verification, which also requires a large amount of human resources. At the same time, due to long-term use, it is easy to cause equipment damage, which further increases the capital investment of the breeding goose farm. Therefore, there is an urgent need to establish a time-saving, labor-saving and low-cost method for breeding meat goose egg production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Object of the Invention: The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for improving the egg production of breeding geese based on consecutive egg production traits, and solve the problems existing in the breeding of individual breeding goose egg production, such as large equipment investment, long measurement period, time-consuming and laborious, etc.

[0005] Technical Solution: To solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a method for improving the egg production of breeding geese based on consecutive egg production traits, including the following steps: Select a goose breed in which the consecutive egg production length during the peak egg production period is highly positively correlated with the egg production at 66 weeks of age, breed to produce breeding eggs, and then use the breeding eggs to enter the next generation cycle; the linear relationship between the consecutive egg production length (x) during the peak egg production period and the egg production (y) at 66 weeks of age is y = 1.78x + 4.91, R 2 = 0.89.

[0006] Among them, the goose breed includes Zhejiang White Geese or Hungarian White Geese.

[0007] Among them, the steps of the breeding include:

[0008] (1) Initial selection at hatching: Hatching by family, eliminating weak, disabled, and inferior chicks, as well as chicks with feather colors not meeting the requirements.

[0009] (2) Early body weight selection: Individually weighing each goose, eliminating individuals with too large or too small body weights, as well as individuals whose feathers cannot completely cover the back and do not conform to the appearance traits of this breed; the individual with too large body weight The individual with too small body weight Among them, is the average body weight of the chicks screened in step (1).

[0010] (3) Selection and retention before start of laying: Ranking the consecutive laying lengths of the individuals screened in step (2), retaining the top 50% of families for breeding, constructing the selected families; and eliminating individuals in the selected families with consecutive laying lengths < the average consecutive laying length minus the body weight standard deviation.

[0011] (4) Forming families: After the selection, in the selected families, select male geese with obvious caruncles and normal reproductive organs, and female geese with a long and round body, a shallow and narrow front body, a wide and deep rear body, a slender neck, and a pubic space of more than 3 fingers to form families, and perform mating on the premise of avoiding individuals with consanguineous relationships within three generations.

[0012] (5) Collecting breeding eggs for the breeding work of the next generation.

[0013] (6) Repeating the breeding steps of steps (1)-(5), entering the next generation cycle, and the egg production can be improved.

[0014] Among them, the correlation coefficient between the consecutive laying length at the peak egg production period and the egg production at 66 weeks of age reaches more than 0.95.

[0015] Among them, the measurement of the consecutive laying length: After entering the peak egg production period, continuously record the egg-laying behaviors of geese in each family. The output from the first egg to the last egg in one egg-laying cycle is a consecutive laying length, and the time difference between the output of two adjacent eggs in the consecutive laying sequence does not exceed 72h; statistically calculate the consecutive laying length scores of each individual and family.

[0016] The simplified breeding method for egg production of breeding geese based on consecutive egg production traits of the present invention is to measure the consecutive egg production length during the peak egg production period and the egg production at 66 weeks of age for Zhejiang East White Geese and Hungarian White Geese, and conduct a correlation analysis on the two. It is found that the consecutive egg production length is highly positively correlated with the egg production (the correlation coefficient reaches above 0.95). Selecting the consecutive egg production length can increase the egg production. Among them, the consecutive egg production length of Zhejiang East White Geese is 13.60 ± 3.28, and the correlation coefficient with the egg production is 0.951**; the consecutive egg production length of Hungarian White Geese is 16.11 ± 6.52, and the correlation coefficient with the egg production is 0.991**; **: extremely significantly correlated. Based on the above indirect breeding equation for the egg production of breeding geese, further breeding can be carried out.

[0017] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following remarkable advantages:

[0018] (1) Compared with traditional individual egg production breeding technologies such as artificial egg holding and rotational mating of female geese, the invention saves time and effort, causes no stress to breeding geese, and the measurement accuracy is as high as over 95%.

[0019] (2) Compared with the intelligent egg production recording system for geese based on RFID identification and Internet of Things development, the invention has less investment, only 1 / 10 of the above system, and is suitable for small and medium-sized breeding goose enterprises; the measurement cycle is short, only 1 / 6 of the above system, greatly improving production efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is a step schematic diagram of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings.

[0022] This embodiment provides a simplified breeding method for egg production of breeding geese based on consecutive egg production traits, using Zhejiang East White Geese as breeding materials. The specific process is as follows:

[0023] 1. Establishment of the method in the early stage:

[0024] Due to the huge workload of recording egg production throughout the process, which requires continuous observation and recording of individual egg production from 21 weeks after the onset of laying to 66 weeks after the end of laying, based on this, the present invention attempts to establish the relationship between consecutive laying traits and egg production traits through consecutive laying traits, and carry out egg production selection. Initially, we first observed and recorded the number of consecutive laying cycles, and found that the number of consecutive laying cycles of Zhejiang White Geese was 2.11 ± 0.09, and the correlation coefficient with egg production was 0.734**; the consecutive laying length of Hungarian White Geese was 3.03 ± 0.25, and the correlation coefficient with egg production was 0.702**; **: extremely significant correlation. Although the number of consecutive laying cycles is statistically correlated with the egg production trait, in terms of the absolute value of the correlation coefficient, it only belongs to moderate correlation. In the subsequent breeding practice, it did not bring obvious genetic progress to egg production. On the basis of summarizing the reasons for the previous failure, the infrared video recording system was used again to observe and record the consecutive laying length of Zhejiang White Geese at the peak period, and the Pearson correlation method was used to analyze the correlation between the consecutive laying length and the egg production at 66 weeks of age (Table 1). It was found that the correlation coefficient between the consecutive laying length and the egg production reached 0.951. Not only was the correlation coefficient value large, showing a highly positive correlation, but also after statistical testing, it showed an extremely significant positive correlation (the correlation coefficient with egg production was 0.951**, ** indicating extremely significant correlation), and the consecutive laying length can be used for indirect selection of egg production.

[0025] Table 1

[0026]

[0027]

[0028] On the basis of obtaining the high correlation between the consecutive laying length and the egg production at 66 weeks of age, the following methods are used to carry out indirect selection of egg production of breeding geese:

[0029] (1) Initial selection at hatching: Chicks are hatched by family at 1 day old. Select healthy, lively, chicks with clear calls, strong grasping ability, good absorption of the umbilical cord, and soft bodies. Wear wing tags and record the pedigree of each gosling. Each family has about 10 - 12 healthy chicks, with half males and half females. Eliminate weak, disabled, and chicks with plumage colors that do not meet the requirements. Hatch a batch every 10 days, for a total of 4 batches.

[0030] (2) Early weight selection: At 70 days old, weigh each goose individually, record the weight data, and eliminate individuals with too large weight (♂>5040g, ♀>4560g) or too small weight (♂<3570g, ♀<3230g), as well as individuals with plumage that cannot completely cover the back and other appearance traits that do not meet the breed.

[0031] (3) Selection and retention before laying: At 25 weeks, rank the consecutive laying lengths of the families and individuals of the previous generation. Retain the top 50% of the families for breeding, and eliminate individuals with short consecutive laying lengths (<10.3d) in the selected families.

[0032] (4) Establishing families: After the selection at 25 weeks, in the selected families, select male geese with obvious sarcomas and normal reproductive organs, and female geese with a long and round body, a shallow and narrow front body, a wide and deep rear body, a slender neck, and a pubic space of more than three fingers to establish families. Mate them on the premise of avoiding individuals with consanguineous relationships within three generations. The male-female ratio in each family is 1:6, and 60 families are established in each generation. The extra male and female geese are raised as the reserve group.

[0033] (5) Installing an infrared video recording system and marking female geese: Before the onset of egg production at 30 weeks of age, automatic feed troughs and laying nests are configured in the goose house, and rice husks are laid in the nests as bedding. An infrared video recording system is installed above the laying nests and runs continuously for 24 hours. In order to facilitate observation and recording, different colors of paint are sprayed on the heads or necks of female geese for marking.

[0034] (6) Measuring the consecutive laying length: After entering the peak egg production period at 40 - 45 weeks, continuously record the egg-laying behaviors of geese in each family. The number of days from the production of the first egg to the last egg in one egg-laying cycle is the consecutive laying length. The time difference between the production times of two adjacent eggs in the consecutive laying sequence (the interval days between two adjacent eggs) does not exceed 72 hours. Statistically calculate the consecutive laying length scores of each individual and family.

[0035] (7) Mass selection and breeding for the next generation: At 42 weeks, start collecting breeding eggs for the next generation's breeding work, and use the infrared video recording system to collect breeding eggs in a timely manner and mark the family individual numbers (16 - 2: indicating the egg laid by the second female goose in family No. 16). Collect for a total of 32 days, incubate a batch every 8 days, and incubate 4 batches.

[0036] (8) Repeat the breeding steps of steps 1 - 7 and enter the next generation cycle.

[0037] (9) After two generations of breeding, the egg production and growth rate of the candidate meat goose population have been significantly improved. Table 2 lists the breeding effects of the Zhejiang White Goose using the breeding method of the present invention after two generations of breeding.

[0038] Table 2

[0039] Trait 0th generation 2nd generation Consecutive production length (d) 13.6±3.3 15.6±3.17 Egg production at 66 weeks of age (number) 28.6 32.4

[0040] The data in Table 2 show that after using the method of the present invention, the egg production of the Zhejiang White Goose at 66 weeks of age has been significantly genetically improved. The consecutive laying length has increased from an average of 13.6 days in the 0th generation to an average of 12.6 days in the 2nd generation, with an average increase of 1 day per generation. The egg production at 66 weeks of age has increased from an average of 28.6 in the 0th generation to an average of 32.4 in the 2nd generation, with an average increase of 1.9 per generation.

[0041] The above embodiments show that selecting the continuous laying length during the peak laying period of laying hens can effectively increase the egg production of breeding geese, well solve the problems of large investment and long measurement cycle in the existing egg production recording system, improve the breeding selection efficiency, and provide effective technical support for the breeding of new high-yield strains of meat geese.

Claims

1. A method for improving the egg production of breeding geese based on continuous production traits, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Select a goose breed in which the consecutive laying length during the peak laying period is highly positively correlated with the egg production at 66 weeks of age. After breeding, produce breeding eggs, and then use the breeding eggs to enter the next generation cycle. That's it. The linear relationship between the consecutive laying length during the peak laying period and the egg production at 66 weeks of age is y = 1.78x + 4.91, R 2 = 0.89; where x represents the consecutive laying length during the peak laying period and y represents the egg production at 66 weeks of age.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The goose breeds include Eastern Zhejiang White Geese or Hungarian White Geese.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The breeding steps include: (1) Initial selection at hatching: Hatching by family, eliminating weak, disabled, and defective goslings, as well as goslings with plumage color not meeting requirements; (2) Early weight selection: Individually weigh each goose, and eliminate individuals with too large or too small body weights, as well as individuals with feathers that cannot completely cover the back and do not conform to the appearance traits of this breed; the Among them, is the average body weight of the goslings screened in step (1); (3) Selection and retention before laying: Sort the consecutive laying lengths of the individuals screened in step (2), retain the top 50% of the families for breeding, and construct the selected families; and eliminate individuals in the selected families with consecutive laying lengths < average consecutive laying length minus the body weight standard deviation; (4) Establishing families: After the selection, in the selected families, select male geese with obvious caruncles and normal reproductive organs, and female geese with a long and round body, a shallow and narrow front body, a wide and deep rear body, a slender neck, and a pubic space of more than 3 fingers to establish families, and perform mating on the premise of avoiding individuals with consanguineous relationships within three generations; (5) Collecting breeding eggs for the breeding work of the next generation; (6) Repeat the breeding steps in (1)-(5), enter the next generation cycle, and the egg production can be increased.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The consecutive laying length is the output from the first egg to the last egg in a laying cycle, and the time difference between the production of two adjacent eggs in the consecutive laying sequence does not exceed 72h.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The correlation coefficient between the consecutive laying length at the peak egg production period and the egg production at 66 weeks of age reaches more than 0.95.

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