Sagittaria sagittifolia extract and application thereof
By extracting crude extract, active components and active monomers from Cigu, Cigu inhibitors were prepared, which solved the problem of difficulty in controlling Cigu weeds, achieved safe and efficient growth inhibition effect, and expanded Cigu's application scope.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510267243.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-11
AI Technical Summary
The existing technology is difficult to effectively control the weeds of Cigu, especially the wild Cigu and the naught Cigu. The long-term use of chemical herbicides has led to increased drug resistance, the ecological environment and human health have been affected, and there is insufficient research on plant-source herbicides.
Using Cigu extract, crude extract, active components and active monomers are obtained through physical and chemical extraction and separation process, and Cigu inhibitors are prepared, including solvent treatment, supercritical CO2 extraction and other methods, combined with 3-indole acetamide and other ingredients, and prepared into spraying agents, fumigants or nano-forming preparations.
It has achieved efficient suppression of Cigu's growth, reduced its harm, safe and non-toxic, expanded Cigu's use, waste utilization, and easy use. It is suitable for ponds, ditches, paddy fields and other places.
Smart Images
Figure CN120283793A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of pesticides, and particularly relates to an arrowhead extract and its use in the preparation of an arrowhead inhibitor. Background Art
[0002] The genus Sagittaria L. belongs to the family Alismataceae and is a very important aquatic angiosperm. The plants of the genus Sagittaria are distributed all over the world and are also widely distributed in China. According to Flora of China (FOC), there are about 30 species of the genus Sagittaria in the world, including 7 species in China, and in addition, there are 2 subspecies.
[0003] Among the plants of the genus Sagittaria in China, Sagittaria trifolia and Sagittaria pygmaea are generally considered as field weeds and cause serious harm to rice. Both Sagittaria trifolia and Sagittaria pygmaea are perennial herbs, often growing in waterside, lakeside, river bends, ponds, ditches, paddy fields and swamps, and are distributed all over the country. They have strong adaptability. Both the bulbs and seeds can overwinter and reproduce in the following year. Throughout the growth period of rice, they compete with rice for water and fertilizer, resulting in a serious reduction in rice yield. Their harm is mainly manifested in the following aspects: (1) Both seeds and bulbs can reproduce, resulting in different emergence times, and rice will be harmed throughout its growth period; the harm caused by the seedlings propagated from bulbs is more serious. Most herbicides can only inhibit the growth of the above-ground part, and the underground part is basically not affected. As the efficacy of the herbicide fades in the later stage, the weeds will regenerate. (2) They have strong adaptability. Even when other weeds (including the malignant weed Echinochloa crusgalli that germinates later) stop growing or grow slowly after the rice has closed its rows, they can still grow normally and occur in large numbers, destroying the micro-ecological environment among rice plants, facilitating the occurrence of diseases and pests in the middle and lower parts of rice plants. At the same time, they themselves also become an important parasitic place for diseases and pests in the middle and lower parts of rice, thus resulting in a reduction in rice yield and a decline in the quality of rice. Therefore, the control of Sagittaria trifolia and Sagittaria pygmaea is very difficult.
[0004] Weed control of wild arrowhead and dwarf arrowhead is mainly divided into physical control and chemical control. Physical control mainly involves the improvement of farming techniques. For example, deep plowing of the soil layer in winter, turning part of the underground corms to the soil surface to kill them due to drought and frost, and burying part of them deep in the soil to gradually rot and die; before transplanting rice fields (or before sowing), after field preparation, salvage the corms to reduce the breeding base; rice can also be densely planted to control arrowhead weed damage with group advantages. However, many areas currently use mechanical transplanting, direct seeding, or direct paddy field cultivation without plowing, and arrowhead corms cannot be plowed to the surface and cannot be salvaged. In addition, arrowhead seeds on the surface of the soil cannot be turned over and buried underground, and arrowheads still occur rampantly, causing serious damage. Chemical control of arrowheads in rice fields is mostly a mixture of sulfonylurea herbicides (such as benzylsulfuron, pyrazosulfuron, and metsulfuron-methyl) and amide herbicides (such as butachlor, acetochlor, and mefenacet), as well as quinclorac and cypermethrin. The above compound has a significant effect on annual weeds that mainly reproduce by seeds. However, wild arrowhead and dwarf arrowhead reproduce by both seeds and bulbs, and the young shoots from the bulbs continue to grow because they are less susceptible to drugs and have a thick mother body, a well-developed root system, and strong resistance to adversity. At the same time, the long-term use of chemical herbicides has made various weeds, including arrowhead, more tolerant to herbicides, and the harm has become more serious year by year. In addition, long-term use and irregular management have seriously affected the ecological environment and have an impact on human health.
[0005] In terms of weed control, botanical herbicides are often less toxic and less harmful to the environment than chemical herbicides. However, due to the fact that arrowheads reproduce by seeds and bulbs and are difficult to control, there are very few studies on botanical herbicides for arrowheads.
[0006] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention
[0007] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, a sagittaria extract and use thereof in preparing a sagittaria inhibitor are provided.
[0008] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0009] A arrowhead extract is obtained by extracting arrowhead from arrowhead.
[0010] The "extract" described in the present invention is a substance formed by taking arrowhead as raw material and obtaining and / or concentrating one or more target components (i.e., components with arrowhead inhibitory effects) in the raw material through a physicochemical extraction and separation process. It includes those obtained by known extraction methods in the art and combinations of known extraction methods in the art; the extraction methods include but are not limited to solvent treatment, solid-phase extraction, supercritical CO2, heat, ultrasonic extraction, being subjected to pressure or centrifugal force, or obtaining target components from the raw material through other chemical and / or mechanical process steps. Therefore, the "extract" described in the present invention includes crude extracts, active components, and active monomers.
[0011] Both the "crude extract" and "crude extractive" described in the present invention refer to the mixture obtained after extracting and separating the raw material with a solvent.
[0012] The "active component" described in the present invention refers to the extract with a higher concentration of components having anti-arrowhead effects (relative to the crude extract) obtained by further processing the crude extract in the direction of the inhibitory activity of arrowhead, such as extraction, chromatography, distillation, sublimation, crystallization and precipitation, ion exchange, chromatographic separation, centrifugal separation, electrodialysis, electrolytic separation, electromagnetic separation, adsorption separation, magnetic separation, etc. In the present invention, the "active component" can be an extract, a purified product, an eluate, a separated product, etc.
[0013] The "active monomer" described in the present invention refers to a certain target compound (i.e., an active compound with arrowhead inhibitory effects) in the "active component".
[0014] The arrowhead extract takes arrowhead as raw material and obtains a crude extract by solvent extraction; or, an extract is obtained after solvent extraction of the crude extract; or, the active monomer in the extract.
[0015] The extraction method can be one or several of the pressing method, the leaching method, the supercritical extraction method, water extraction, and the solvent extraction method.
[0016] The extraction method is as follows: Add arrowhead to a solvent for leaching to obtain a crude extract.
[0017] The solvent for leaching is one or several of water, alcohols, dichloromethane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ether, benzene, petroleum ether, and / or acetone; preferably alcohols; more preferably ethanol. The mass ratio of arrowhead to the solvent is 1:(3 - 20); specifically, it can be 1:5, 1:8, 1:10, 1:12, 1:15, 1:18.
[0018] Further, the crude extract is added to water and suspended, and after extraction with petroleum ether and ethyl acetate in sequence, a petroleum ether extract, an ethyl acetate extract, and a water extract are obtained respectively.
[0019] The mass ratio of the crude extract in the suspension to water is 1:(1-10); specifically, it can be 1:1, 1:2, 1:5, 1:7, 1:9.
[0020] The active monomer is 3-indoleacetamide.
[0021] The arrowhead is the whole arrowhead plant or parts of the arrowhead, such as stems and leaves, seeds, and / or bulbs.
[0022] Use of the above-mentioned arrowhead extract in the preparation of an arrowhead inhibitor.
[0023] The arrowhead inhibitor contains one or more of the extracts obtained by extracting the arrowhead as a raw material.
[0024] The arrowhead inhibitor contains one or more of the crude arrowhead extract, active components, and / or active monomers.
[0025] The arrowhead inhibitor contains one or more of the crude arrowhead extract, arrowhead extract, and / or 3-indoleacetamide.
[0026] "Inhibiting arrowhead" or "arrowhead inhibition" as described in the present invention means reducing the vitality of arrowhead. Specifically, it refers to slowing down the growth and development of arrowhead, and having low flowering rate, pollen amount, seed setting rate, seed germination rate, and / or bulb germination rate by a certain means.
[0027] An arrowhead inhibitor, the active ingredient of which contains one or more of the extracts obtained by extracting the arrowhead itself as a raw material, extracts (including crude extracts, active components, and / or active monomers), and active monomer analogs in its extracts.
[0028] The arrowhead inhibitor is a mixture of the active ingredient and an agriculturally acceptable solvent, wherein the active ingredient accounts for 0.00001-99.9% of the weight of the inhibitor; the agriculturally acceptable solvent is one or more of water or organic solvents.
[0029] The arrowhead inhibitor is a mixture of the active ingredient and an agriculturally acceptable solvent, and may also include agriculturally acceptable excipients; wherein, the active ingredient accounts for 0.001-99.9% of the weight of the arrowhead inhibitor.
[0030] Preferably, the active ingredient accounts for 0.01-50% of the weight of the arrowhead inhibitor, more preferably 0.01-40%, and even more preferably 0.05-25%. Specifically, the active ingredient may account for: 0.05%, 0.07%, 0.1%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, 1%, 1.25%, 1.5%, 1.75%, 2%, 2.25%, 2.5%, 2.75%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, etc.
[0031] Further, the adjuvant includes agriculturally acceptable auxiliaries and / or carriers.
[0032] Further, the auxiliaries include wetting agents, dispersants, thickeners, antifreezing agents, defoaming agents, film-forming agents, preservatives and / or emulsifiers.
[0033] The preparation may be a spraying agent, a fumigant or a nano-formulated preparation, etc.
[0034] A composition for inhibiting the growth of Sagittaria trifolia includes active ingredient A and active ingredient B, wherein the weight ratio of active ingredient A to active ingredient B is mixed at 1:100 to 100:1; the active ingredient A is one or several of a crude extract, an active ingredient, and an active monomer obtained by extracting with Sagittaria trifolia itself as a raw material; the active ingredient B is one or several of other herbicides, insecticides, acaricides, and fungicides.
[0035] Use of 3-indole acetamide and its analogs in the preparation of Sagittaria trifolia inhibitors.
[0036] The above-mentioned 3-indole acetamide can be self-made or purchased commercially.
[0037] A Sagittaria trifolia inhibitor, the active ingredient of which contains 3-indole acetamide.
[0038] The above-mentioned Sagittaria trifolia inhibitor is a mixture of an active ingredient and an agriculturally acceptable solvent, wherein the active ingredient accounts for 0.001-99.9% of the weight of the Sagittaria trifolia inhibitor; the agriculturally acceptable solvent is one or several of water or an organic solvent.
[0039] The Sagittaria trifolia inhibitor is a mixture of an active ingredient and an agriculturally acceptable solvent, and may further include agriculturally acceptable adjuvants; wherein, the active ingredient accounts for 0.001-99.9% of the weight of the Sagittaria trifolia inhibitor.
[0040] Preferably, the active ingredient accounts for 0.01-50% of the weight of the Sagittaria trifolia inhibitor, more preferably 0.01-40%, and even more preferably 0.05-25%. Specifically, the active ingredient may account for 0.05%, 0.07%, 0.1%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, 1%, 1.25%, 1.5%, 1.75%, 2%, 2.25%, 2.5%, 2.75%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, etc. of the weight of the Sagittaria trifolia inhibitor.
[0041] Further, the adjuvant includes agriculturally acceptable auxiliaries and / or carriers.
[0042] Further, the auxiliary agents include wetting agents, dispersants, thickeners, antifreezing agents, defoaming agents, film-forming agents, preservatives and / or emulsifiers.
[0043] The formulations include, but are not limited to, emulsifiable concentrates, emulsifiable oil in water, microemulsions, suspensions, aqueous solutions or nano-formulations, etc.
[0044] A composition for inhibiting the growth of arrowhead includes active ingredient A and active ingredient B, wherein active ingredient A and active ingredient B are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:100 to 100:1; the active ingredient A is 3-indoleacetamide; the active ingredient B is one or more of other herbicides, insecticides, acaricides, fungicides.
[0045] The above-mentioned 3-indoleacetamide can be self-made or purchased commercially.
[0046] Use of the above-mentioned arrowhead inhibitor for reducing the harm of arrowhead.
[0047] Use of the above-mentioned arrowhead inhibitor for reducing the harm of arrowhead in places such as ponds, ditches, paddy fields, etc.
[0048] Use of the above-mentioned composition for reducing the harm of arrowhead.
[0049] Use of the above-mentioned composition for reducing the harm of arrowhead in places such as ponds, ditches, paddy fields, etc.
[0050] The above-mentioned arrowhead refers to all weeds in the genus Sagittaria.
[0051] Further, the above-mentioned arrowhead specifically refers to Sagittaria trifolia and Sagittaria pygmaea, etc.
[0052] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
[0053] (1) The arrowhead extract (including crude extract, active ingredient and active monomer) of the present invention is obtained by extracting the whole arrowhead plant, and then used for inhibiting arrowhead (including inhibiting the germination of arrowhead seeds or bulbs and inhibiting the growth of arrowhead plants). It has a wide source, low price, and does not contain any external additives or exogenous compounds. It is efficient, safe, non-toxic, and is conducive to market promotion.
[0054] (2) The present invention applies the arrowhead extract (including crude extract, active ingredient and active monomer) to the control of arrowhead, which expands the use of the harmful weed - arrowhead and realizes waste utilization.
[0055] (3) The arrowhead extract (including crude extract, active ingredient and active monomer) obtained by extraction in the present invention can be applied by methods such as drip application, spraying, and aerial spraying. It is convenient to use and can effectively inhibit arrowhead. Description of the Drawings
[0056] Figure 1 It is a flow chart for the extraction and separation of each active component in arrowhead
[0057] Figure 2 It is a graph of the growth inhibition rate of arrowhead leaves after treatment with different concentrations of crude extract in Example 1 for 14 days; wherein: A to E are crude extract treatments of 200 mg / mL, 100 mg / mL, 50 mg / mL, 25 mg / mL, and 12.5 mg / mL respectively, F is the water control, G is the acupuncture control, and H is the blank control.
[0058] Figure 3 It is a graph of the growth inhibition rate of arrowhead leaves after treatment with different extracts of 100 mg / ml in Example 1 for 14 days; wherein: A is the ethyl acetate extract, B is the petroleum ether extract, and C is the water extract.
[0059] Figure 4 It is a graph of the growth inhibition rate of arrowhead leaves after treatment with different extracts of 25 mg / ml in Example 1 for 14 days; wherein: A is the ethyl acetate extract, B is the petroleum ether extract, and C is the water extract.
[0060] Figure 5 It is the EIC graph of 3-indoleacetamide.
[0061] Figure 6 It is the EIC graph of the ethyl acetate extract of arrowhead.
[0062] Figure 7 It is the high-resolution mass spectrum of 3-indoleacetamide.
[0063] Figure 8 It is the high-resolution mass spectrum of the ethyl acetate extract of arrowhead.
[0064] Figure 9 It is a graph of the growth inhibition rate of arrowhead plants after treatment with different concentrations of 3-indoleacetamide in Example 3 for 14 days; wherein: A is the blank control, B is the solvent control, and C to G are 3-indoleacetamide treatments of 0.125%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, and 2% respectively. Detailed implementation mode
[0065] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The described embodiments are only a part of the present invention, rather than all of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0066] The preparation methods of the crude extract, active components, and active monomers of arrowhead include the following steps:
[0067] (1) Dry and pulverize the whole plant of arrowhead to obtain arrowhead powder;
[0068] (2) Add ethanol with a mass ratio of 1:(3 - 20) to the arrowhead powder, extract 1 - 5 times, with an extraction time of 24 - 72 h, recover the solvent until no solvent flows out, and the obtained extract is the crude extract of arrowhead;
[0069] (3) Suspend the crude extract of arrowhead with water at a mass ratio of 1:(1 - 10), and then extract with petroleum ether and ethyl acetate in equal volumes for 1 - 5 times respectively. After combining, recover the solvent until no solvent flows out to obtain the petroleum ether extract, ethyl acetate extract and water extract of arrowhead respectively;
[0070] (4) Analyze the ethyl acetate extract by UPLC - Q - TOF detection, and it is determined that it contains 3 - indoleacetamide.
[0071] Example 1 Crude extract of arrowhead, extract and its activity experiment on arrowhead
[0072] 1. Experimental materials
[0073] Source of arrowhead powder: The whole plant of arrowhead collected from Shenyang, dried and ground into powder for storage.
[0074] Source of arrowhead: The corms of arrowhead (S. trifolia) harvested in autumn, planted in the laboratory.
[0075] 2. Preparation of crude extract
[0076] Add 10 times the mass of 95% ethanol to the arrowhead powder, extract for 48 h, extract 3 times, and recover the solvent under reduced pressure below 45 °C to obtain the extract, that is, the crude extract.
[0077] 3. Preparation of extract
[0078] Suspend the crude extract with 2 times its mass of water, and then extract with petroleum ether and ethyl acetate in equal volumes for 3 times respectively. Recover under reduced pressure below 45 °C until no solvent flows out to obtain viscous petroleum ether extract, ethyl acetate extract and water extract respectively (the process is shown in Figure 1 ).
[0079] 4. Activity experiment of crude extract on arrowhead leaves
[0080] Select arrowhead plants with consistent growth status.
[0081] The crude extract was separately prepared into treatment solutions with concentrations of 12.5 mg / mL, 25 mg / mL, 50 mg / mL, 100 mg / mL, and 200 mg / mL using water. The leaves of Sagittaria trifolia were pricked with a disposable syringe, and the treatment solution was dropped at the pricked positions, 10 μL per point. Each treatment was repeated 3 times, and at the same time, a water control, a pricking control, and a blank control were set. The growth of Sagittaria trifolia was observed 14 days after the treatment (see Figure 2 ).
[0082] From Figure 2 it can be seen that 14 days after the application of the crude extract at a certain concentration, the pricked parts of the leaves of Sagittaria trifolia turned yellow and withered, and as the concentration of the treatment solution increased, the yellowed and withered parts became larger. It can be seen that there are active substances in the crude extract of Sagittaria trifolia that can inhibit the growth of Sagittaria trifolia plants, and further separation experiments and activity experiments were carried out on it.
[0083] 5. Activity experiment of the extract on the leaves of Sagittaria trifolia
[0084] Sagittaria trifolia plants with consistent growth states were selected.
[0085] After dissolving 3 kinds of extracts with water, they were separately prepared into treatment solutions with concentrations of 100 mg / mL and 25 mg / mL, and the leaves of Sagittaria trifolia were pricked with a disposable syringe, and the treatment solution was dropped at the pricked positions, 10 μL per point. Each treatment was repeated 3 times, and at the same time, a water control, a pricking control, and a blank control were set. The growth of Sagittaria trifolia was observed 14 days after the treatment (see Figure 3 、 4 ).
[0086] From Figure 3 、 4 it can be seen that 14 days after the application of 3 kinds of extracts with concentrations of 100 mg / mL and 25 mg / mL, the pricked parts of the leaves of Sagittaria trifolia turned yellow and withered, and under the same treatment, as the concentration of the treatment solution increased, the yellowed and withered parts became larger. It can be seen that there are active substances in all 3 kinds of extracts that can inhibit the growth of Sagittaria trifolia plants, and among them, the ethyl acetate extract has the strongest inhibitory effect on the growth of the leaves of Sagittaria trifolia at the same concentration.
[0087] Example 2 Preliminary screening of active compounds in the ethyl acetate extract
[0088] The ethyl acetate extract was analyzed by liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry, and a series of compounds such as 1 - palmitoyl - SN - glycero - 3 - phosphoethanolamine, (±)-threo - 9,10 - dihydroxy - 12(Z)-octadecenoic acid, 16 - hydroxypalmitic acid, and 3 - indoleacetamide were screened out. The above - mentioned compounds were subjected to a preliminary screening experiment on the activity of Sagittaria trifolia, and it was found that 3 - indoleacetamide had a good effect on the activity experiment of Sagittaria trifolia.
[0089] The ethyl acetate extract was detected and analyzed by UPLC-Q-TOF. The chromatographic column was EC-C18 (2.1×50 mm, 2.7 μm), the column temperature was 30 °C, the injection volume was 1 μL, the positive ion mode was used, and gradient elution was performed with 0.1% formic acid water (A) and methanol (B) (gradient 0 - 1 min, 10% B; 1 - 8 min, from 10% to 95% B; 8 - 12 min, 95% B), and the flow rate was 0.3 mL / min. The ion source was Dual AJS ESI, the capillary voltage was 3500 V, the drying gas temperature was 280 °C, the drying gas flow rate was 8 (L / min), the nebulizer pressure was 35 psi, and the MS range was 50 - 500 m / z. The 3-indoleacetamide standard sample was detected by the same method as above. According to the detection results ( Figures 5 to 8 ), it was confirmed that there was compound 3-indoleacetamide in the ethyl acetate extract.
[0090] Example 3 Activity experiment of 3-indoleacetamide on Sagittaria trifolia
[0091] 3-Indoleacetamide (CAS: 879-37-8): Luoen reagent, with a content of 98%.
[0092] Sagittaria trifolia: Select Sagittaria trifolia corms with the same size, uniform plumpness, and no obvious damage on the appearance.
[0093] The Sagittaria trifolia corms were planted with soil into 200 mL plastic cups. 3-Indoleacetamide was dissolved in 50% methanol aqueous solution to prepare treatment solutions with concentrations of 0.125%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, and 2%. The above treatment solutions were respectively dropped into the small cups with soil planted with Sagittaria trifolia corms. 3 mL of the medicament was added to each cup (at this time, the water layer height was 1 cm), and 3 cups were set for each treatment. At the same time, a solvent control and a blank control were set, and the water layer height was maintained at 1 cm by daily water replenishment after the experiment. The growth situation of Sagittaria trifolia corms 14 days after treatment (see Figure 9 ).
[0094] From Figure 9 it can be seen that 14 days after the application of 3-indoleacetamide, it had an inhibitory effect on the growth of Sagittaria trifolia plants at concentrations of 0.125% - 2%. The higher the concentration, the stronger the inhibitory effect on the growth of Sagittaria trifolia.
Claims
1. Application of arrowhead extract in preparing arrowhead inhibitor.
2. The application according to claim 1, wherein: The arrowhead extract is obtained by extracting arrowhead itself as raw material.
3. The application according to claim 1, wherein: The extract includes one or several of arrowhead crude extract, arrowhead petroleum ether extract, arrowhead ethyl acetate extract, arrowhead water extract or 3-indoleacetamide.
4. The application according to claim 3, wherein: The arrowhead crude extract is obtained by mixing arrowhead with organic solvent, leaching, and evaporating the solvent.
5. The application according to claim 3, characterized in that: The arrowhead petroleum ether extract is obtained by mixing arrowhead crude extract with water, then extracting with petroleum ether, combining the petroleum ether layers, and evaporating the solvent.
6. The application according to claim 3, characterized in that: The arrowhead ethyl acetate extract is obtained by mixing arrowhead crude extract with water, then extracting with petroleum ether, taking the water extraction layer and adding ethyl acetate for extraction, combining the ethyl acetate extraction layers, and evaporating the solvent.
7. The application according to claim 3, wherein: The arrowhead water extract is obtained by mixing arrowhead crude extract with water, then extracting with petroleum ether, taking the water extraction layer and adding ethyl acetate for extraction, combining the water layers, and evaporating the water.
8. An arrowhead inhibitor, characterized in that: The arrowhead inhibitor contains the arrowhead extract described in claim 1.
9. The arrowhead inhibitor according to claim 8, wherein: The arrowhead inhibitor is a mixture of the active ingredient and an agriculturally acceptable solvent; wherein, the active ingredient accounts for 0.001-99.9% of the weight of the inhibitor for inhibiting arrowhead growth, and the active ingredient is the arrowhead extract described in claim 1.
10. A composition for inhibiting the growth of arrowhead, characterized in that: The composition includes active component A and active component B, wherein active component A and active component B are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:100-100:1; the active component A is the arrowhead extract described in claim 1; The active component B is one or several of other herbicides, insecticides, acaricides, fungicides.