Compound enzyme for processing mixture of pork liver and chicken intestine for pet feed and preparation method of compound enzyme

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of enzyme preparations for pet feed processing, and discloses a compound enzyme for processing and producing pet feed raw materials through enzymolysis of a pork liver and chicken intestine mixture and a preparation method of the compound enzyme, and the compound enzyme comprises the following components: papain, neutral protease, alkaline protease, aminopeptidase, trypsin, laccase, glucoamylase, lipase and maltodextrin serving as a carrier. The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing the components according to the ratio, mixing the components at room temperature, and stirring to obtain the compound enzyme. According to the invention, by selecting specific enzyme components and dosages thereof, organic substances in pork liver and chicken intestines can be efficiently degraded, the degree of hydrolysis is improved, and the total protein content and the acid-soluble protein content are improved. The complex enzymes have a synergistic effect, and complex organic substances are decomposed into smaller small peptides and amino acids, so that the absorption and utilization rate of dogs and cats on a pork liver and chicken intestine mixture is greatly improved. Meanwhile, the manufacturing method is carried out at relatively low temperature and normal pressure, and compared with other high-temperature and high-pressure treatment methods, the operation is simpler and more convenient, the energy consumption is reduced, and the safety is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of enzyme preparations, and specifically to a compound enzyme for processing a mixture of pig liver and chicken intestine for pet feed and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Since pets such as dogs and cats are carnivorous animals, according to their physiological characteristics, the protein content requirements in pet feeds such as dogs and cats are relatively high. As described in the NRC, the protein content in the diet of lactating cats is as high as 75%. Therefore, for pet feed processing enterprises, raw materials with high protein content are one of the essential main raw materials, and improving the digestion and utilization rate of protein raw materials has become an ongoing research topic. In the booming meat processing industry, the treatment of its meat by-products will have a negative impact on the environment, and the offal materials in the by-products can be processed into the raw and auxiliary materials for pet feed. Pork and chicken by-products also have very important nutritional value. For example, the liver is rich in proteins, iron, and vitamins with high biological value (Mullen et al., 2017). The edible part of chicken intestine contains 75 grams of water, 14.2 grams of protein, and 7.8 grams of fat per 100 grams, and the edible part of pig liver contains 75 grams of water, 20.4 grams of protein, and 3.4 grams of fat per 100 grams. However, in addition to protein, there are also some connective tissues and mucopolysaccharides with relatively strong toughness in pig liver and chicken intestine products. Traditional processing methods are difficult to effectively decompose these tissues, resulting in poor taste, hard texture, and the protein is difficult to be digested and utilized by pets such as dogs and cats, so it needs to be treated to a certain extent.

[0003] The enzymatic hydrolysis process is a common process for processing protein raw materials such as chicken intestine, chicken liver, pig intestine, and pig liver. Currently, the hydrolytic enzymes used for pig liver and chicken intestine in pet feed raw materials are usually mainly protease, supplemented with other enzymes such as lipase and glucoamylase. By adding the above enzymes to the processing of animal protein by-products for enzymatic hydrolysis, large molecular proteins can be decomposed into small molecular peptides and amino acids, improving the digestion and absorption utilization rate of pets for these protein raw materials. The crude protein and crude fat contents of high-quality chicken intestine and pig liver powder are close to those of fish meal, and the contents of some amino acids are even higher than those of fish meal. From the analysis of nutritional components and amino acid composition, chicken intestine and pig liver powder are a very promising high-quality animal protein source. However, the current enzymes are mostly enzymes for the food industry, with relatively single enzyme species and weak specificity for proteolytic hydrolysis of animal by-products, affecting their enzymatic hydrolysis effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a compound enzyme for processing a mixture of pig liver and chicken intestine for pet feed, which is efficient and convenient, and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a compound enzyme, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of papain, 5-10 parts of neutral protease, 10-20 parts of alkaline protease, 10-20 parts of aminopeptidase, 10-15 parts of glucoamylase, 1-4 parts of lipase, 0.2-3 parts of trypsin, 0.2-3 parts of laccase, and 9-56.6 parts of maltodextrin.

[0006] Further, it is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of papain, 10 parts of neutral protease, 10 parts of alkaline protease, 10 parts of aminopeptidase, 10 parts of glucoamylase, 2 parts of lipase, and 0.5 part of trypsin Further, it is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of papain, 12 parts of neutral protease, 15 parts of alkaline protease, 10 parts of aminopeptidase, 12 parts of glucoamylase, 4 parts of lipase, 1 part of trypsin, and 0.5 part of laccase Further, it is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of papain, 8 parts of neutral protease, 15 parts of alkaline protease, 10 parts of aminopeptidase, 10 parts of glucoamylase, 1 part of lipase, 1.5 parts of trypsin, and 1.5 parts of laccase Further, the preparation method of the compound enzyme is light yellow to tawny powder, with moisture content ≤8% and fineness (0.40mm) ≥80%.

[0007] Further, the enzyme activity of the raw materials is as follows: 100000U / g of papain, 60000U / g of neutral protease, 200000U / g of alkaline protease, 5000U / g of aminopeptidase, 150000U / g of glucoamylase, 300000u / g of lipase, 320000U / g of trypsin, and 800000U / g of laccase.

[0008] A further object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution. The application of a compound feed enzyme containing multiple proteases, lipases, flavor enzymes, and laccases in improving the process of processing pig liver and chicken intestines into feed protein raw materials can improve the palatability of feed protein raw materials, increase the feeding attraction effect, and improve the digestion and utilization rate of protein. The process flow is as follows: a. Pretreatment of pig liver and chicken intestines: For chicken intestine treatment, first thoroughly remove the feces, mesentery, and fat in the chicken intestine, and wash it with an aqueous solution containing a small amount of sodium bicarbonate for more than three times; mix the washed chicken intestine and the washed pig liver in a certain proportion, soak them in clean water for 4h, and then take them out and drain the water; b. Mixing and grinding: Put the mixture of pig liver and chicken intestine in step a into a meat grinder and grind it into a meat paste, which is used as the enzymatic hydrolysis substrate; c. Enzymatic hydrolysis treatment: Mix the aqueous solution of the selected special enzyme in any one of 1-3 with the substrate to be enzymatically hydrolyzed described in b for enzymatic hydrolysis. Adjust the material-to-water ratio to 1:3, add sodium citrate buffer solution, and adjust the pH to 5-6. The preferred enzymatic hydrolysis temperature is 65°C. Add the composite enzyme obtained according to any one of claims 4-6 according to the weight ratio of the mixture, stir evenly, perform enzymatic hydrolysis treatment for 1 h, inactivate the enzyme at 85°C - 100°C for 10 - 120 min after the enzymatic hydrolysis ends. Dry at medium to high temperature, pulverize, and set aside. Measure indexes such as crude protein, acid-soluble protein, and soluble solids.

[0009] In the present invention, protease can decompose the proteins in pig liver and chicken intestine, break down macromolecular proteins into small peptides and amino acids, and improve their nutritional value and taste.

[0010] In the present invention, papain has good specificity of enzymatic cleavage sites and can effectively decompose muscle fiber protein, etc.

[0011] In the present invention, lipase can hydrolyze fats, decompose the fats in pig liver and chicken intestine into glycerol and fatty acids, prevent the generation of peculiar smells due to fat oxidation, and help improve the flavor.

[0012] In the present invention, glucoamylase can act on residual carbohydrate components such as glycogen, decompose them into sugars such as glucose, and optimize the quality of processed products.

[0013] In the present invention, laccase can increase the solubility of proteins in pig liver and chicken intestine and change the stability of products.

[0014] The advantages of the present invention are to improve the digestibility of proteins, reduce the peculiar smell in the mixture of pig liver and chicken intestine. The enzymatic hydrolysis products of pig liver and chicken intestine described in the present invention have a significant palatability-inducing effect on dog and cat pets; are rich in small peptides with different fragments, can improve the digestive absorption rate of feed, promote animals to enhance health and improve production performance; when feeding pets, they have strong appetites, are strong individuals, and are lively in behavior; due to the adopted enzymatic hydrolysis process, the protein hydrolysis rate can reach 88.5%. The process of the present invention is mature and easy to implement. Specific embodiments

[0015] The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0016] Example 1 A compound enzyme for processing a mixture of pig liver and chicken intestine for pet feed, according to claim 7, comprises the following steps: Mix the rinsed chicken intestine and pig liver in a weight ratio of 3:7, grind them into a meat paste, then mix the mixture with water in a ratio of 1:3 and put it into an enzymolysis tank evenly, add sodium citrate buffer solution, adjust the pH to 5-6; add 0.2% (weight ratio) of compound enzyme, and the raw material composition of the compound enzyme by weight is 10 parts of papain, 10 parts of neutral protease, 10 parts of alkaline protease, 10 parts of aminopeptidase, 10 parts of glucoamylase, 2 parts of lipase, 0.5 part of trypsin, and 47.5 parts of corn dextrin. The enzymolysis temperature is 65 °C, enzymolysis is carried out for 1 h, and after the enzymolysis is completed, the enzyme is inactivated at 85 °C - 100 °C for 10 - 120 min. After enzymolysis, the mixture is measured for its crude protein, protein hydrolysis degree, acid-soluble protein, crude ash and other indicators.

[0017] Example 2: A compound enzyme for processing a mixture of pig liver and chicken intestine for pet feed, according to claim 7, comprises the following steps: Mix the rinsed chicken intestine and pig liver in a weight ratio of 3:7, grind them into a meat paste, then mix the mixture with water in a ratio of 1:3 and put it into an enzymolysis tank evenly, add sodium citrate buffer solution, adjust the pH to 5-6; add 0.2% (weight ratio) of compound enzyme, and the raw material composition of the compound enzyme by weight is 8 parts of papain, 12 parts of neutral protease, 15 parts of alkaline protease, 10 parts of aminopeptidase, 12 parts of glucoamylase, 4 parts of lipase, 1 part of trypsin, 0.5 part of laccase, and 42.5 parts of corn dextrin. The enzymolysis temperature is 65 °C, enzymolysis is carried out for 1 h, and after the enzymolysis is completed, the enzyme is inactivated at 85 °C - 100 °C for 10 - 120 min. After enzymolysis, the mixture is measured for its crude protein, protein hydrolysis degree, acid-soluble protein, crude ash and other indicators.

[0018] Example 3: A compound enzyme for processing a mixture of pig liver and chicken intestine for pet feed, according to claim 7, comprises the following steps: Mix the rinsed chicken intestine and pig liver in a weight ratio of 3:7, grind them into a meat paste, then mix the mixture with water in a ratio of 1:3 and put it into an enzymolysis tank evenly, add sodium citrate buffer solution, adjust the pH to 5-6; add 0.2% (weight ratio) of compound enzyme, and the raw material composition of the compound enzyme by weight is 12 parts of papain, 8 parts of neutral protease, 15 parts of alkaline protease, 10 parts of aminopeptidase, 10 parts of glucoamylase, 1 part of lipase, 1.5 parts of trypsin, 1.5 parts of laccase, and 46 parts of corn dextrin. The enzymolysis temperature is 65 °C, enzymolysis is carried out for 1 h, and after the enzymolysis is completed, the enzyme is inactivated at 85 °C - 100 °C for 10 - 120 min. After enzymolysis, the mixture is measured for its crude protein, protein hydrolysis degree, acid-soluble protein, crude ash and other indicators.

[0019] Summary: By optimizing the enzymatic hydrolysis conditions and component ratios, this embodiment effectively improves the utilization rate of protein and the palatability of the product, and is applicable to the pet food processing industry with high nutritional requirements.

[0020] Comparative experiment: In order to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention, the following comparative experiment was designed: Experimental process: Select fresh pig liver and chicken intestines from the farmers' market, and process them respectively by the high-temperature steaming and drying process (traditional method) and the method of the present invention (Examples 1, 2, and 3).

[0021] Detect indicators such as crude protein, acid-soluble protein, degree of protein hydrolysis, and crude ash.

[0022] Traditional method: High-temperature steaming and drying method: Collect fresh pig liver, chicken intestines and other animal offal, soak and rinse them clean with running water, steam them in a steamer at 100 - 120 °C for 0.5 - 1 h; after that, drain the water, dry them in a drying equipment at 60 - 80 °C for 6 - 8 h until the moisture content reaches 10 - 15%, and then crush them.

[0023] Experimental data: Index Traditional method Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Crude protein (%) 55.37 57.56 57.49 58.03 Acid-soluble protein (%) 8.62 28.39 27.81 31.82 Degree of protein hydrolysis (%) 27.36 78.49 77.53 78.97 Crude ash (%) 12.25 9.53 9.86 9.17 Result analysis: It can be seen from the above experimental data that when the composite enzyme of the present invention is used to process meat by-products such as pig liver and chicken intestines, it can increase the content of total crude protein in the raw materials, increase the content of acid-soluble protein and the degree of protein hydrolysis, effectively improve the nutritional utilization rate of the raw materials, and all nutritional indicators are significantly better than the traditional method.

[0024] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A compound enzyme for processing a mixture of pig liver and chicken intestine for pet feed, characterized in that, The composite enzyme comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of papain, 5-10 parts of neutral protease, 10-20 parts of alkaline protease, 10-20 parts of aminopeptidase, 10-15 parts of glucoamylase, 1-4 parts of lipase, 0.2-3 parts of trypsin, 0.2-3 parts of laccase, and 9-56.6 parts of maltodextrin.

2. The complex enzyme for processing the mixture of pig liver and chicken intestine used in pet feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite enzyme comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of papain, 8 parts of neutral protease, 15 parts of alkaline protease, 15 parts of aminopeptidase, 12 parts of glucoamylase, 2 parts of lipase, 0.5 part of trypsin, 0.5 part of laccase, and 37 parts of maltodextrin.

3. The composite enzyme for processing the mixture of pig liver and chicken intestine used in pet feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite enzyme comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of papain, 5 parts of neutral protease, 10 parts of alkaline protease, 20 parts of aminopeptidase, 10 parts of glucoamylase, 3 parts of lipase, 1 part of trypsin, 1 part of laccase, and 42 parts of maltodextrin.

4. The complex enzyme for processing the mixture of pig liver and chicken intestine used in pet feed according to claims 1 - 3, characterized in that Light yellow to light brown powder, (note that the appearance is not suitable as a technical feature), moisture content ≤ 8%, fineness 80-100 mesh.

5. The composite enzyme for processing the mixture of pig liver and chicken intestine used in pet feed according to claims 1-3, characterized in that, The enzyme activities of various enzyme components are respectively: 100000 U / g of papain, 60000 U / g of neutral protease, 200000 U / g of alkaline protease, 5000 U / g of aminopeptidase, 150000 U / g of glucoamylase, 300000 u / g of lipase, 320000 U / g of trypsin, 800000 u / g of laccase.

6. The preparation method of the composite enzyme for processing the mixture of pig liver and chicken intestine used in pet feed according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Weigh each component according to the ratio, and at room temperature, mix and stir the components to obtain the composite enzyme.

7. The preparation method of the composite enzyme for processing the mixture of pig liver and chicken intestine used in pet feed according to any one of claims 4-6, characterized in that, The specific production process flow is as follows: a. Pretreatment of pig liver and chicken intestine: For chicken intestine treatment, first remove the feces, mesentery, and fat in the chicken intestine, and wash it with an aqueous solution containing a small amount of sodium bicarbonate for more than three times; mix the washed chicken intestine with the washed pig liver in a certain proportion, soak it in water for 4 h, and then take it out and drain the water. b. Mixing and crushing: Put the mixture of pig liver and chicken intestine in step a into a meat grinder and crush it into a meat paste as the enzymatic hydrolysis substrate. c. Enzymatic hydrolysis treatment: Mix the aqueous solution of the special enzyme selected from 1-3 with the enzymatic hydrolysis substrate described in b for enzymatic hydrolysis, adjust the material-liquid ratio to 1:3, add sodium citrate buffer solution, and adjust the pH to 5-6; the preferred enzymatic hydrolysis temperature is 65 °C, add the composite enzyme obtained according to any one of claims 4-6 according to the weight ratio of the mixture, stir evenly, carry out enzymatic hydrolysis treatment, and inactivate the enzyme at 85 °C - 100 °C for 10-120 min after the enzymatic hydrolysis ends. Dry at medium to high temperature, crush, and package into finished products.

8. The preparation method of the complex enzyme for processing the mixture of pig liver and chicken intestine used in pet feed according to claim 7, characterized in that, The preferred enzymatic hydrolysis time in step c is 1-3 h.

9. The preparation method of the composite enzyme for processing the mixture of pig liver and chicken intestine used in pet feed according to claim 7, characterized in that, The addition ratio of the composite enzyme in step c is 0.1-2.0% of the weight of the enzymatic hydrolysis substrate, and the enzymatic hydrolysis time is 1-3 h.

10. The preparation method of the composite enzyme for processing the mixture of pig liver and chicken intestine used in pet feed according to claim 7, characterized in that, The hydrolyzed mixture obtained in step c can be applied to pet food processing and added to pet food as a protein source in a certain proportion.