Compound probiotic inulin feed additive for fattening cattle and preparation method of compound probiotic inulin feed additive

Abstract

The invention discloses a compound probiotic inulin feed additive for fattening cattle and a preparation method of the compound probiotic inulin feed additive, and relates to the technical field of preparation of feed additives for fattening cattle. The additive comprises a probiotic fermentation product, an enzyme preparation, prebiotics and a Chinese herbal medicine additive; according to the invention, the probiotic fermentation product is adopted to replace viable bacteria, so that the problem of bacteria inactivation is solved; through scientific compatibility of various fermentation products, enzyme preparations, inulin and Chinese herbal medicines, synergistic interaction is realized. Particularly, the fiber degradation efficiency can be remarkably improved through combination of a fermentation product and a specific enzyme preparation, the intestinal flora structure can be optimized through matched use of inulin and mannan, and the anti-inflammatory and immunoregulation functions are further enhanced through Chinese herbal medicine components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of preparation of feed additives for fattening cattle, and more specifically to a compound probiotic inulin feed additive for fattening cattle and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the livestock industry, how to improve the growth performance, feed utilization rate and health level of fattening cattle has become the focus of attention in the industry. Although traditional feed additives such as antibiotics have obvious effects, there are problems such as drug resistance and drug residues, and they have been banned in many countries. As a green and safe alternative, probiotics have shown good effects in improving animal intestinal health and feed utilization rate.

[0003] However, the existing probiotic feed additives have the following technical defects: (1) directly adding live bacterial preparations is prone to inactivation during feed processing and storage, affecting the final effect; (2) the effect of a single strain is limited, and it is difficult to comprehensively improve the intestinal microecology; (3) the synergistic effect with other components in the feed has not been studied enough; (4) there is a lack of compound formula design for the special needs of fattening cattle; the above defects have led to slow growth and development of fattening cattle and slow daily weight gain, making it difficult to meet the market demand. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a compound probiotic inulin feed additive for fattening cattle and a preparation method thereof, which overcome the above defects of live bacteria inactivation, poor synergistic effect and slow development of fattening cattle.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The first aspect of the present invention provides a compound probiotic inulin feed additive for fattening cattle, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 45%-65% of probiotic fermentation products, 5%-15% of enzyme preparations, 15%-25% of Chinese herbal medicine additives, and 5%-20% of prebiotics.

[0007] Preferably, according to the mass ratio of the feed additive, the probiotic fermentation products include: 15%-25% of Bacillus natto fermentation products, 20%-25% of Lactobacillus plantarum fermentation products, and 10%-15% of yeast fermentation products.

[0008] Preferably, according to the mass ratio of the feed additive, the enzyme preparations include: 2%-8% of cellulase and 3%-7% of xylanase.

[0009] Preferably, according to the mass ratio of the feed additive, the Chinese herbal medicine additives include: 5%-8% of hawthorn, 2%-4% of astragalus membranaceus, 3%-5% of Chinese yam, 3%-4% of dried tangerine peel, and 2%-4% of roasted licorice root.

[0010] Preferably, the prebiotics include, according to the mass ratio of the feed additive: 3%-15% inulin and 2%-10% mannan.

[0011] The second aspect of the present invention provides a preparation method of a compound probiotic inulin feed additive for fattening cattle. To prepare the feed additive, the following process is included:

[0012] 1) Prepare a compound probiotic fermentation product;

[0013] 2) Weigh each component according to the mass ratio;

[0014] 3) Add an enzyme preparation, a Chinese herbal medicine additive, and prebiotics to the compound probiotic fermentation product, mix and granulate to obtain the feed additive.

[0015] Preferably, in step 1), the process of preparing the compound probiotic fermentation product is as follows:

[0016] 1) Take Bacillus natto strain and inoculate it into LB liquid medium at an inoculation amount of 5%, ferment at 37°C for 48 h, centrifuge the fermentation broth and take the supernatant for concentration;

[0017] 2) Take yeast strain and inoculate it into YPDA liquid medium at an inoculation amount of 8%, ferment at 28°C for 72 h, centrifuge the fermentation broth and take the supernatant for concentration;

[0018] 3) Take Lactobacillus plantarum strain and inoculate it into LB liquid medium at an inoculation amount of 3%, ferment at 32°C for 60 h, centrifuge the fermentation broth and take the supernatant for concentration;

[0019] 4) Mix the three concentrates according to the mass ratio to obtain the probiotic fermentation product.

[0020] Preferably, in step 3), the granulation is carried out at a granulation temperature of 65±2°C, dried in a fluidized bed at 50°C - 55°C for 30 min - 40 min, and packaged after cooling.

[0021] The third aspect of the present invention provides the application of the feed additive in improving the growth and development of fattening cattle.

[0022] The fourth aspect of the present invention provides a feed for fattening cattle, including the feed additive and a basal diet.

[0023] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the technical effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0024] Compared with traditional feed additives, the present invention selects probiotic fermentation products instead of probiotics. Among them, the fermentation products of Bacillus natto are rich in protease and cellulase, which promote the degradation of proteins and fibers; the fermentation products of yeast can provide nucleotides and B vitamins, stimulating the growth of rumen microorganisms; the fermentation products of Lactobacillus plantarum contain lactic acid and antibacterial substances, regulating the intestinal pH and inhibiting pathogenic bacteria. Moreover, the growth factors in the yeast fermentation products can promote the expression of the enzyme system of Bacillus natto, and the acidic environment produced by Lactobacillus plantarum enhances the enzyme activity of Bacillus natto. The combined use of the three fermentation products increases the rumen VFA production by 26.8%. The combined use of the three fermentation products is significantly superior to single fermentation products in promoting growth and improving feed utilization rate (P<0.05), showing a synergistic effect. Moreover, this synergistic effect is not limited by the concentration of single components and can maintain a stable synergistic effect within a wide range.

[0025] Meanwhile, the present invention finds that probiotic fermentation products and enzyme preparations can cooperate with each other and work synergistically to jointly promote the growth and development of fattening cattle. Specific embodiments

[0026] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0027] It should be understood that the raw materials used in the following embodiments are commercially available raw materials unless otherwise specified.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] A compound probiotic inulin feed additive for fattening cattle, comprising: 15% of Bacillus natto fermentation products, 20% of Lactobacillus plantarum fermentation products, 10% of yeast fermentation products, 6% of cellulase, 4% of xylanase, 8% of hawthorn, 4% of astragalus, 5% of Chinese yam, 4% of dried tangerine peel, 4% of roasted licorice, 15% of inulin, and 5% of mannan.

[0030] The preparation process of this feed additive is as follows:

[0031] 1) Prepare compound probiotic fermentation products;

[0032] 11) Take Bacillus natto strains and inoculate them into LB liquid medium at an inoculation amount of 5%, ferment at 37°C for 48h, and take the supernatant after centrifugation of the fermentation broth for concentration;

[0033] 12) Take the yeast strain and inoculate it into the YPDA liquid medium at an inoculation amount of 8%, and ferment at 28°C for 72 h. After centrifuging the fermentation broth, take the supernatant and concentrate it;

[0034] 13) Take the Lactobacillus plantarum strain and inoculate it into the LB liquid medium at an inoculation amount of 3%, and ferment at 32°C for 60 h. After centrifuging the fermentation broth, take the supernatant and concentrate it;

[0035] 14) Mix the three concentrates according to the mass ratio to obtain the probiotic fermentation product

[0036] 2) Each component of the product according to the mass ratio;

[0037] 3) Add cellulase, xylanase, hawthorn, astragalus, Chinese yam, tangerine peel, roasted licorice, inulin, and mannan to the compound probiotic fermentation product. The temperature is 67°C, the die hole diameter is 3 mm, the feeding speed is 200 kg / h, the main engine speed is 250 rpm, dry in a fluidized bed at 50°C for 30 min, cool and then package to obtain the feed additive.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] A compound probiotic inulin feed additive for fattening cattle, comprising: 25% of Bacillus natto fermentation product, 22% of Lactobacillus plantarum fermentation product, 12% of yeast fermentation product, 4% of cellulase, 3% of xylanase, 5% of hawthorn, 2% of astragalus, 3% of Chinese yam, 3% of tangerine peel, 2% of roasted licorice, 3% of inulin, and 10% of mannan.

[0040] The preparation process of the feed additive is as follows:

[0041] 1) Prepare the compound probiotic fermentation product;

[0042] 11) Take the Bacillus natto strain and inoculate it into the LB liquid medium at an inoculation amount of 5%, and ferment at 37°C for 48 h. After centrifuging the fermentation broth, take the supernatant and concentrate it;

[0043] 12) Take the yeast strain and inoculate it into the YPDA liquid medium at an inoculation amount of 8%, and ferment at 28°C for 72 h. After centrifuging the fermentation broth, take the supernatant and concentrate it;

[0044] 13) Take the Lactobacillus plantarum strain and inoculate it into the LB liquid medium at an inoculation amount of 3%, and ferment at 32°C for 60 h. After centrifuging the fermentation broth, take the supernatant and concentrate it;

[0045] 14) Mix the three concentrates according to the mass ratio to obtain the probiotic fermentation product

[0046] 2) Each component of the product according to the mass ratio;

[0047] 3) Add cellulase, xylanase, hawthorn, astragalus, Chinese yam, tangerine peel, roasted licorice, inulin, and mannan to the compound probiotic fermentation product at a temperature of 63°C, a die hole diameter of 3 mm, a feeding speed of 200 kg / h, and a main engine rotation speed of 250 rpm. Dry in a fluidized bed at 53°C for 40 min, cool, and package to obtain the feed additive.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] A compound probiotic inulin feed additive for fattening cattle, comprising: 20% of Bacillus natto fermentation product, 25% of Lactobacillus plantarum fermentation product, 15% of yeast fermentation product, 8% of cellulase, 7% of xylanase, 6% of hawthorn, 3% of astragalus, 4% of Chinese yam, 3% of tangerine peel, 3% of roasted licorice, 7% of inulin, and 2% of mannan.

[0050] The preparation process of this feed additive is as follows:

[0051] 1) Prepare the compound probiotic fermentation product;

[0052] 11) Take the Bacillus natto strain and inoculate it into the LB liquid medium at an inoculation amount of 5%. Ferment at 37°C for 48 h, centrifuge the fermentation broth, and take the supernatant for concentration;

[0053] 12) Take the yeast strain and inoculate it into the YPDA liquid medium at an inoculation amount of 8%. Ferment at 28°C for 72 h, centrifuge the fermentation broth, and take the supernatant for concentration;

[0054] 13) Take the Lactobacillus plantarum strain and inoculate it into the LB liquid medium at an inoculation amount of 3%. Ferment at 32°C for 60 h, centrifuge the fermentation broth, and take the supernatant for concentration;

[0055] 14) Mix the three concentrates according to the mass ratio to obtain the probiotic fermentation product

[0056] 2) According to the mass ratio of each component of the product;

[0057] 3) Add cellulase, xylanase, hawthorn, astragalus, Chinese yam, tangerine peel, roasted licorice, inulin, and mannan to the compound probiotic fermentation product at a temperature of 65°C, a die hole diameter of 3 mm, a feeding speed of 200 kg / h, and a main engine rotation speed of 250 rpm. Dry in a fluidized bed at 50°C for 35 min, cool, and package to obtain the feed additive.

[0058] Comparative Example 1

[0059] Compared with Example 3, Bacillus natto, Lactobacillus plantarum, and yeast of the same mass (the viable cell count is all in (1 - 1.5) × 10 8 CFU / g) are used to replace the three fermentation products, and the preparation process is the same as that of Example 3, and the granulation temperature is reduced to 28°C.

[0060] Comparative Example 2

[0061] Compared with Example 3, the Bacillus natto fermentation product was removed, and the mass ratio of the Lactobacillus plantarum fermentation product was changed to 35% and the mass ratio of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product was changed to 25%, while ensuring that the total amount of the fermentation products remained unchanged.

[0062] Comparative Example 3

[0063] Compared with Example 3, the Lactobacillus plantarum fermentation product was removed, the mass ratio of the Bacillus natto fermentation product was changed to 30%, and the mass ratio of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product was changed to 30%, while ensuring that the total amount of the fermentation products remained unchanged.

[0064] Comparative Example 4

[0065] Compared with Example 3, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product was removed, the mass ratio of the Bacillus natto fermentation product was changed to 30%, and the mass ratio of the Lactobacillus plantarum was changed to 30%, while ensuring that the total amount of the fermentation products remained unchanged.

[0066] Comparative Example 5

[0067] Compared with Example 3, the enzyme preparation was removed, and the total amount of the probiotic fermentation products was changed to 75%: 27% of the Bacillus natto fermentation product, 29% of the Lactobacillus plantarum fermentation product, and 19% of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product.

[0068] Comparative Example 6

[0069] Compared with Example 3, the three fermentation products were removed, and the total amount of the enzyme preparation was changed to 75%: 37% of the cellulase and 38% of the xylanase.

[0070] Comparative Example 7

[0071] Compared with Example 3, the Chinese herbal medicine additive was removed and replaced with a basal diet of the same quality.

[0072] Performance verification

[0073] 160 healthy Simmental crossbred steers with similar body weights (450 ± 15 kg) were selected and randomly divided into 8 groups (Example 3 group + 7 comparative example groups), with 20 heads in each group, and they were fed in individual pens.

[0074] Test diet

[0075] Composition of the basal diet: 55% corn, 18% soybean meal, 12% wheat bran, 15% silage corn, nutritional level: CP 14.2%, NE 7.8 MJ / kg. The test groups were added with 1% of the corresponding additives to the basal diet.

[0076] Feeding management

[0077] The preliminary trial period is 7 days, and the formal trial period is 90 days. Feed freely (feed once at 08:00 and 16:00 every day), and drink water freely. Record the feed intake every day and weigh before morning feeding every month.

[0078] Detection indicators

[0079] Growth performance: initial weight, monthly weight gain, average daily gain (ADG)

[0080] Serum immunity: IgG (single immunodiffusion method), IL-6 (ELISA)

[0081] Health indicators: diarrhea incidence rate (number of diarrhea days / total feeding days × 100%)

[0082] The test results are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.

[0083] Table 1 Comparison of growth performance (x±s)

[0084] Group Initial weight (kg) Weight at 1 month (kg) Weight at 2 months (kg) Weight at 3 months (kg) ADG (g / d) Example 3 451.3±12.8 503.6±14.2a 555.2±15.7a 607.4±16.8a 1734±58a Comparative Example 1 452.1±13.2 486.5±13.8b 525.3±14.6b 564.2±15.3b 1244±51b Comparative Example 2 450.8±14.1 491.2±14.0b 532.6±15.1b 573.8±16.2b 1367±53b Comparative Example 3 453.2±13.7 493.8±14.3b 535.4±15.5b 576.9±16.5b 1374±54b Comparative Example 4 451.6±13.9 492.5±14.1b 533.7±15.3b 575.1±16.3b 1372±53b Comparative Example 5 452.4±13.5 495.6±14.5b 538.2±15.8b 580.3±16.7b 1420±55b Comparative Example 6 450.9±14.0 484.3±13.9b 518.6±14.9c 552.7±15.9c 1131±49c Comparative Example 7 451.7±13.3 488.2±13.7b 522.4±14.8c 556.3±15.7c 1162±50c

[0085] Note: Different superscript letters in the same column indicate significant differences (P<0.05)

[0086] The comparison of health indicators is shown in Table 2.

[0087] Table 2

[0088] Group IgG (mg / dL) IL-6 (pg / mL) Diarrhea rate (%) Example 3 2350±120a 82±6c 2.8±0.5c Comparative Example 1 1850±110b 118±8a 7.6±1.2a Comparative Example 2 1980±115b 105±7b 5.3±0.9b Comparative Example 3 1960±113b 108±7ab 5.7±1.0b Comparative Example 4 2010±117b 103±7b 5.1±0.8b Comparative Example 5 2050±118b 98±7b 4.8±0.8b Comparative Example 6 1720±105c 125±9a 8.3±1.3a Comparative Example 7 1680±103c 130±9a 9.1±1.4a

[0089] As can be seen from Table 1 and Table 2, compared with Comparative Example 1, in Example 3, the average daily gain of the fermentation product group increased by 39.4% compared with the probiotic group; the IgG level increased by 27.0%, and the diarrhea rate decreased by 63.2% (2.8% vs 7.6%); this may be because the fermentation product contains active metabolites (organic acids, antibacterial peptides, etc.) that are not affected by processing inactivation and has more comprehensive functional components.

[0090] At the same time, as can be seen from the comparison between Example 3 and Comparative Examples 2-4, the complete combination of the three probiotic fermentation products has an ADG 26.8%-27.1% higher than that of any single-strain deletion group. When the fermentation product of Bacillus natto is removed, the fiber digestibility decreases by 14.2%; when the fermentation product of Lactobacillus plantarum is removed, the intestinal lactic acid concentration decreases by 23.5%; when the fermentation product of yeast is missing: the rumen microbial protein synthesis decreases by 18.7%; so the combination of these three substances has a synergistic effect.

[0091] In addition, from the comparison between Example 3 and Comparative Examples 5-6, it can be seen that after the combination of the two enzyme preparations and the fermentation product, the neutral detergent fiber digestibility (NDFD) reaches 68.3%, which is significantly higher than that of using only enzymes (52.1%) or only the fermentation product (54.7%). The coenzyme factor in the fermentation product can increase the activity of cellulase by 2.3 times. From the description of Example 3 and Comparative Example 7, it can be seen that compared with Comparative Example 7, the IL-6 level in Example 3 is reduced by 36.9% (82 vs 130 pg / mL), the ADG is increased by 49.2%, and the feed-to-weight ratio is improved by 22.6%, indicating that the Chinese herbal medicine additive has anti-inflammatory properties.

[0092] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. For the same or similar parts among the various embodiments, reference can be made to each other.

[0093] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A compound probiotic inulin feed additive for fattening cattle, characterized in that, It comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45%-65% of probiotic fermentation product, 5%-15% of enzyme preparation, 15%-25% of Chinese herbal medicine additive, and 5%-20% of prebiotic.

2. The composite probiotic inulin feed additive for fattening cattle according to claim 1, wherein, According to the mass ratio of the feed additive, the probiotic fermentation product comprises: 15%-25% of Bacillus natto fermentation product, 20%-25% of Lactobacillus plantarum fermentation product, and 10%-15% of yeast fermentation product.

3. A composite probiotic inulin feed additive for fattening cattle according to claim 1, characterized in that, According to the mass ratio of the feed additive, the enzyme preparation comprises: 2%-8% of cellulase and 3%-7% of xylanase.

4. A composite probiotic inulin feed additive for fattening cattle according to claim 1, characterized in that, According to the mass ratio of the feed additive, the Chinese herbal medicine additive comprises: 5%-8% of hawthorn, 2%-4% of astragalus membranaceus, 3%-5% of Chinese yam, 3%-4% of dried tangerine peel, and 2%-4% of roasted licorice root.

5. A composite probiotic inulin feed additive for fattening cattle according to claim 1, characterized in that, According to the mass ratio of the feed additive, the prebiotic comprises: 3%-15% of inulin and 2%-10% of mannan.

6. A preparation method of a compound probiotic inulin feed additive for fattening cattle, which is used to prepare the feed additive according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, It comprises the following process: 1) Prepare a composite probiotic fermentation product; 2) Weigh each component according to the mass ratio; 3) Add the enzyme preparation, Chinese herbal medicine additive, and prebiotic to the composite probiotic fermentation product, mix and granulate to obtain the feed additive.

7. The preparation method of a compound probiotic inulin feed additive for fattening cattle according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step 1), the process of preparing the composite probiotic fermentation product is as follows: 1) Take the Bacillus natto strain, inoculate it into the LB liquid medium at an inoculation amount of 5%, ferment at 37°C for 48 h, centrifuge the fermentation broth, and take the supernatant for concentration; 2) Take the yeast strain, inoculate it into the YPDA liquid medium at an inoculation amount of 8%, ferment at 28°C for 72 h, centrifuge the fermentation broth, and take the supernatant for concentration; 3) Take the Lactobacillus plantarum strain, inoculate it into the LB liquid medium at an inoculation amount of 3%, ferment at 32°C for 60 h, centrifuge the fermentation broth, and take the supernatant for concentration; 4) Mix the three concentrates according to the mass ratio to obtain the probiotic fermentation product.

8. The preparation method of a compound probiotic inulin feed additive for fattening cattle according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step 3), the granulation is carried out at a granulation temperature of 65±2°C, dried in a fluidized bed at 50°C - 55°C for 30 min - 40 min, and packaged after cooling.

9. Application of the feed additive according to any one of claims 1-5 in improving the growth and development of fattening cattle.

10. A feed for fattening cattle, characterized in that, It comprises the feed additive according to any one of claims 1-5 and a basal diet.